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Zhang X, Fu X, Tian W, Bai Y, Zhu L, Si J. Electrolyte modification method induced atomic arrangement in FeO x/NF nanosheets for efficient overall water splitting. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:15328-15333. [PMID: 37694717 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr02859c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
To explore transition metal-based electrocatalysts with remarkable energy storage and conversion performance, the rational design and synthesis of electrodes with rich active sites and favorable electrical conductivity are crucial. Herein, using fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) additive in electrochemical conversion reaction (electrolyte modification method) is proposed as an effective strategy to enhance the catalytic activity of FeOx/NF. The optimal sample FeOx/NF-Li-FEC1 shows optimized HER activity with remarkably low overpotential of 222 mV at a current density of 200 mA cm-2. By employing FeOx/NF-Li-FEC1 as bifunctional electrocatalysts, the overall water-splitting device reaches a current density of 10 mA cm-2 at a low cell voltage of 1.56 V. The outstanding performance is mainly attributed to the atomic arrangement to offer rich active sites as well as the evolved electronic structure and the thin SEI layer to accelerate charge transfer process. This study opens up a novel avenue to rationally design and synthesize low-cost and high-performance electrode materials for electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Zhang
- School of Sciences, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
- Institute of Physical Properties for Quantum Functional Materials, School of Sciences, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaonan Fu
- School of Sciences, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
- Institute of Physical Properties for Quantum Functional Materials, School of Sciences, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Weifeng Tian
- School of Sciences, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
- Institute of Physical Properties for Quantum Functional Materials, School of Sciences, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yanzhi Bai
- School of Sciences, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
- Institute of Physical Properties for Quantum Functional Materials, School of Sciences, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Liya Zhu
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Junwen Si
- School of Sciences, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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Ayuso M, Mateo S, Belinchón A, Navarro P, Palomar J, García J, Rodríguez F. Cyclic carbonates as solvents in the dearomatization of refinery streams: experimental liquid-liquid equilibria, modelling, and simulation. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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Im HJ, Park YJ. Interfacial Stabilization of Li 2O-Based Cathodes by Malonic-Acid-Functionalized Fullerenes as a Superoxo-Radical Scavenger for Suppressing Parasitic Reactions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:38952-38962. [PMID: 35973056 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c11844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The utilization of an anionic redox reaction as an innovative strategy for overcoming the limitations of cathode capacity in lithium-ion batteries has recently been the focus of intensive research. Li2O-based materials using the anionic (oxygen) redox reaction have the potential to deliver a much higher capacity than commercial cathodes using cationic redox reactions based on transition-metal ions. However, parasitic reactions attributed to the superoxo species (such as LiO2), derived from the Li2O active material of the cathode, deteriorate the stability of the interface between the cathode and electrolyte, which has limited the commercialization of Li2O-based cathodes. To address this issue, malonic-acid-functionalized fullerenes (MC60) were applied in the electrolyte as an additive for scavenging the superoxo radicals (O21- in LiO2) that trigger parasitic reactions. MC60 can efficiently capture superoxo radicals using the π-conjugated surface and the malonate functionality on the surface. As a result, MC60 considerably enhanced the available capacity and cycling performance of the Li2O-based cathodes, decreased the interfacial layer formed on the cathode surface, and hindered the generation of byproducts, such as Li2CO3, CO2, and C-F3, derived from parasitic reactions. In addition, the loss of Li2O from the cathode surface during cycling was also suppressed, validating the ability of MC60 to capture superoxo radicals. This result confirms that the introduction of MC60 can effectively alleviate the parasitic reactions at the cathode/electrolyte interface and improve the electrochemical performance of Li2O-based cathodes by scavenging the superoxo species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jeong Im
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kyonggi University, 154-42, Gwanggyosan-Ro, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Joon Park
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kyonggi University, 154-42, Gwanggyosan-Ro, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 16227, Republic of Korea
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Cherkashinin G, Eilhardt R, Nappini S, Cococcioni M, Píš I, Dal Zilio S, Bondino F, Marzari N, Magnano E, Alff L. Energy Level Alignment at the Cobalt Phosphate/Electrolyte Interface: Intrinsic Stability vs Interfacial Chemical Reactions in 5 V Lithium Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:543-556. [PMID: 34932299 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c16296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The intrinsic stability of the 5 V LiCoPO4-LiCo2P3O10 thin-film (carbon-free) cathode material coated with MoO3 thin layer is studied using a comprehensive synchrotron electron spectroscopy in situ approach combined with first-principle calculations. The atomic-molecular level study demonstrates fully reversible electronic properties of the cathode after the first electrochemical cycle. The polyanionic oxide is not involved in chemical reactions with the fluoroethylene-containing liquid electrolyte even when charged to 5.1 V vs Li+/Li. The high stability of the cathode is explained on the basis of the developed energy level model. In contrast, the chemical composition of the cathode-electrolyte interface evolves continuously by involving MoO3 in the decomposition reaction with consequent leaching of oxide from the surface. The proposed mechanisms of chemical reactions are attributed to external electrolyte oxidation via charge transfer from the relevant electron level to the MoO3 valence band state and internal electrolyte oxidation via proton transfer to the solvents. This study provides a deeper insight into the development of both a doping strategy to enhance the electronic conductivity of high-voltage cathode materials and an efficient surface coating against unfavorable interfacial chemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennady Cherkashinin
- Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 2, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Robert Eilhardt
- Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 2, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Silvia Nappini
- IOM CNR Laboratorio TASC, Strada Statale 14, km 163,5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Matteo Cococcioni
- Physics Department, University of Pavia, Via Bassi 6, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Igor Píš
- IOM CNR Laboratorio TASC, Strada Statale 14, km 163,5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- Elettra─Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Simone Dal Zilio
- IOM CNR Laboratorio TASC, Strada Statale 14, km 163,5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Federica Bondino
- IOM CNR Laboratorio TASC, Strada Statale 14, km 163,5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Nicola Marzari
- Theory and Simulation of Materials (THEOS), and National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Elena Magnano
- IOM CNR Laboratorio TASC, Strada Statale 14, km 163,5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Lambert Alff
- Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 2, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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Interfacial reactions in lithia-based cathodes depending on the binder in the electrode and salt in the electrolyte. Sci Rep 2022; 12:527. [PMID: 35017583 PMCID: PMC8752660 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04439-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lithia (Li2O)-based cathodes, utilizing oxygen redox reactions for obtaining capacity, exhibit higher capacity than commercial cathodes. However, they are highly reactive owing to superoxides formed during charging, and they enable more active parasitic (side) reactions at the cathode/electrolyte and cathode/binder interfaces than conventional cathodes. This causes deterioration of the electrochemical performance limiting commercialization. To address these issues, the binder and salt for electrolyte were replaced in this study to reduce the side reaction of the cells containing lithia-based cathodes. The commercially used polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) binder and LiPF6 salt in the electrolyte easily generate such reactions, and the subsequent reaction between PVDF and LiOH (from decomposition of lithia) causes slurry gelation and agglomeration of particles in the electrode. Moreover, the fluoride ions from PVDF promote side reactions, and LiPF6 salt forms POF3 and HF, which cause side reactions owing to hydrolysis in organic solvents containing water. However, the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) binder and LiTFSI salt decrease these side reactions owing to their high stability with lithia-based cathode. Further, thickness of the interfacial layer was reduced, resulting in decreased impedance value of cells containing lithia-based cathodes. Consequently, for the same lithia-based cathodes, available capacity and cyclic performance were increased owing to the effects of PAN binder and LiTFSI salt in the electrolyte.
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Kim HG, Park YJ. Synergy Effect of K Doping and Nb Oxide Coating on Li1.2Ni0.13 Co0.13Mn0.54O2 Cathodes. J ELECTROCHEM SCI TE 2021. [DOI: 10.33961/jecst.2021.00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The Li-rich oxides are promising cathode materials due to their high energy density. However, characteristics such as low rate capability, unstable cyclic performance, and rapid capacity fading during cycling prevent their commercialization. These characteristics are mainly attributed to the phase instability of the host structure and undesirable side reactions at the cathode/electrolyte interface. To suppress the phase transition during cycling and interfacial side reactions with the reactive electrolyte, K (potassium) doping and Nb oxide coating were simultaneously introduced to a Li-rich oxide (Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2). The capacity and rate capability of the Li-rich oxide were significantly enhanced by K doping. Considering the X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, the interslab thickness of LiO2 increased and cation mixing decreased due to K doping, which facilitated Li migration during cycling and resulted in enhanced capacity and rate capability. The K-doped Li-rich oxide also exhibited considerably improved cyclic performance, probably because the large K+ ions disturb the migration of the transition metals causing the phase transition and act as a pillar stabilizing the host structure during cycling. The Nb oxide coating also considerably enhanced the capacity and rate capability of the samples, indicating that the undesirable interfacial layer formed from the side reaction was a major resistance factor that reduced the capacity of the cathode. This result confirms that the introduction of K doping and Nb oxide coating is an effective approach to enhance the electrochemical performance of Li-rich oxides.
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Fan X, Wang C. High-voltage liquid electrolytes for Li batteries: progress and perspectives. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:10486-10566. [PMID: 34341815 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00450f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Since the advent of the Li ion batteries (LIBs), the energy density has been tripled, mainly attributed to the increase of the electrode capacities. Now, the capacity of transition metal oxide cathodes is approaching the limit due to the stability limitation of the electrolytes. To further promote the energy density of LIBs, the most promising strategies are to enhance the cut-off voltage of the prevailing cathodes or explore novel high-capacity and high-voltage cathode materials, and also replacing the graphite anode with Si/Si-C or Li metal. However, the commercial ethylene carbonate (EC)-based electrolytes with relatively low anodic stability of ∼4.3 V vs. Li+/Li cannot sustain high-voltage cathodes. The bottleneck restricting the electrochemical performance in Li batteries has veered towards new electrolyte compositions catering for aggressive next-generation cathodes and Si/Si-C or Li metal anodes, since the oxidation-resistance of the electrolytes and the in situ formed cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) layers at the high-voltage cathodes and solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layers on anodes critically control the electrochemical performance of these high-voltage Li batteries. In this review, we present a comprehensive and in-depth overview on the recent advances, fundamental mechanisms, scientific challenges, and design strategies for the novel high-voltage electrolyte systems, especially focused on stability issues of the electrolytes, the compatibility and interactions between the electrolytes and the electrodes, and reaction mechanisms. Finally, novel insights, promising directions and potential solutions for high voltage electrolytes associated with effective SEI/CEI layers are proposed to motivate revolutionary next-generation high-voltage Li battery chemistries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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Yoon DH, Park YJ. Electrochemical Properties of Cathode according to the Type of Sulfide Electrolyte and the Application of Surface Coating. J ELECTROCHEM SCI TE 2021. [DOI: 10.33961/jecst.2020.01361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kobayashi H, Tsukasaki T, Ogasawara Y, Hibino M, Kudo T, Mizuno N, Honma I, Yamaguchi K. Cation-Disorder-Assisted Reversible Topotactic Phase Transition between Antifluorite and Rocksalt Toward High-Capacity Lithium-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:43605-43613. [PMID: 32886483 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c10768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Multielectron reaction electrode materials using partial oxygen redox can be potentially used as cathodes in lithium-ion batteries, as they offer numerous advantages, including high reversible capacity and energy density and low cost. Here, a reversible three-electron reaction is demonstrated utilizing topotactic phase transition between antifluorite and rocksalt in a cation-disordered antifluorite-type cubic Li6CoO4 cathode. This cubic phase is synthesized by a simple mechanochemical treatment of conventionally prepared tetragonal Li6CoO4. It displays a reversible capacity of 487 mAh g-1, a high value because of a reversible three-electron reaction using Co2+/Co3+, Co3+/Co4+, and O2-/O22- redox, occurring without O2 gas evolution. The mechanochemical treatment is assumed to reduce its lattice distortion by cation-disordering and facilitate a reversible topotactic phase transition between antifluorite and rocksalt structures via a dynamic cation pushing mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Kobayashi
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsukasaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Ogasawara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Hibino
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Tetsuichi Kudo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Noritaka Mizuno
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Itaru Honma
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Kazuya Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
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Enhanced electrochemical performance of lithia/Li 2RuO 3 cathode by adding tris(trimethylsilyl)borate as electrolyte additive. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13498. [PMID: 32782309 PMCID: PMC7419494 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70333-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we used tris(trimethylsilyl)borate (TMSB) as an electrolyte additive and analysed its effect on the electrochemical performance of lithia-based (Lithia/Li2RuO3) cathodes. Our investigation revealed that the addition of TMSB modified the interfacial reactions between a lithia-based cathode and an electrolyte composed of the carbonate solvents and the LiPF6 salt. The decomposition of the LiPF6 salt and the formation of Li2CO3 and -CO2 was successfully reduced through the use of TMSB as an electrolyte additive. It is inferred that the protective layer derived from the TMSB suppressed the undesirable side reaction associated with the electrolyte and superoxides (O- or O0.5-) formed in the cathode structure during the charging process. This led to the reduction of superoxide loss through side reactions, which contributed to the increased available capacity of the Lithia/Li2RuO3 cathode with the addition of TMSB. The suppression of undesirable side reactions also decreased the thickness of the interfacial layer, reducing the impedance value of the cells and stabilising the cyclic performance of the lithia-based cathode. This confirmed that the addition of TMSB was an effective approach for the improvement of the electrochemical performance of cells containing lithia-based cathodes.
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