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Cao Z, Sun Y, Dong F. Mechanism of Interfacial Molecular Interactions Reveals the Intrinsic Factors for the Highly Enhanced Sensing Performance of Ag-Loaded Co 3O 4. ACS Sens 2024; 9:2558-2566. [PMID: 38664913 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The noble metal-loaded strategy can effectively improve the gas-sensing performances of metal oxide sensors. However, the gas-solid interfacial interactions between noble metal-loaded sensing materials and gaseous species remain unclear, posing a significant challenge in correlating the physical and chemical processes during gas sensing. In this study, in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and in situ Raman spectroscopy were conducted to collaboratively investigate the interfacial interactions involved in the ethanol gas-sensing processes over Co3O4 and Ag-loaded Co3O4 sensors. In situ DRIFTS revealed differences in the compositions and quantities of sensing reaction products, as well as in the adsorption-desorption interactions of surface species, among Co3O4 and Ag-loaded Co3O4 materials. In parallel, in situ Raman spectroscopy demonstrated that the ethanol atmosphere can modulate the electron scattering of Ag-loaded Co3O4 materials but not of raw Co3O4. In situ experimental results revealed the intrinsic reason for the highly enhanced sensing performances of the Ag-loaded Co3O4 sensors toward ethanol gas, including a decreased optimal working temperature (from 250 to 150 °C), an improved gas response level (from 24 to 257), and accelerated gas recovery dynamics. This work provides an effective platform to investigate the interfacial interactions of sensing processes at the molecular level and further advances the development of high-performance gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengmao Cao
- Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Yanjuan Sun
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Fan Dong
- Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
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2
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Okon GA, Louis H, Eno EA, Chukwuemeka K, Agwamba EC, Adeyinka AS. First-principle study of Cu-, Ag-, and Au-decorated Si-doped carbon quantum dots (Si@CQD) for CO 2 gas sensing efficacies. J Mol Model 2023; 29:229. [PMID: 37407799 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05627-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Nanosensor materials for the trapping and sensing of CO2 gas in the ecosystem were investigated herein to elucidate the adsorption, sensibility, selectivity, conductivity, and reactivity of silicon-doped carbon quantum dot (Si@CQD) decorated with Ag, Au, and Cu metals. The gas was studied in two configurations on its O and C sites. When the metal-decorated Si@CQD interacted with the CO2 gas on the C adsorption site of the gas, there was a decrease in all the interactions with the lowest energy gap of 1.084 eV observed in CO2_C_Cu_Si@CQD followed by CO2_C_Au_Si@CQD which recorded a slightly higher energy gap of 1.094 eV, while CO2_C_Ag_Si@CQD had an energy gap of 2.109 eV. On the O adsorption sites, a decrease was observed in CO2_O_Au_Si@CQD which had the least energy gap of 1.140 eV, whereas there was a significant increase after adsorption in CO2_O_Ag_Si@CQD and CO2_O_Cu_Si@CQD with calculated ∆E values of 2.942 eV and 3.015 eV respectively. The adsorption energy alongside the basis set supposition error (BSSE) estimation reveals that CO2_C_Au_Si@CQD, CO2_C_Ag_Si@CQD, and CO2_C_Cu_Si@CQD were weakly adsorbed, while chemisorption was present in the CO2_O_Ag_Si@CQD, CO2_O_Cu_Si@CQD, and CO2_O_Au_Si@CQD interactions. Indeed, the adsorption of CO2 on the different metal-decorated quantum dots affects the Fermi level (Ef) and the work function (Φ) of each of the decorated carbon quantum dots owed to their low Ef values and high ∆Φ% which shows that they can be a prospective work function-based sensor material. METHODS Electronic structure theory method based on first-principle density functional theory (DFT) computation at the B3LYP-GD3(BJ)/Def2-SVP level of theory was utilized through the use of the Gaussian 16 and GaussView 6.0.16 software packages. Post-processing computational code such as multi-wavefunction was employed for result analysis and visualization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gideon A Okon
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Clifford University, Owerrinta, Nigeria
- Computational and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Hitler Louis
- Computational and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India.
| | - Ededet A Eno
- Computational and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Kelechi Chukwuemeka
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Clifford University, Owerrinta, Nigeria
- Computational and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Ernest C Agwamba
- Computational and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
- Department of Chemistry, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - Adedapo S Adeyinka
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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3
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Zhou LL, Li SQ, Ma C, Fu XP, Xu YS, Wang WW, Dong H, Jia CJ, Wang FR, Yan CH. Promoting Molecular Exchange on Rare-Earth Oxycarbonate Surfaces to Catalyze the Water-Gas Shift Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:2252-2263. [PMID: 36657461 PMCID: PMC9896556 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
It is highly desirable to fabricate an accessible catalyst surface that can efficiently activate reactants and desorb products to promote the local surface reaction equilibrium in heterogeneous catalysis. Herein, rare-earth oxycarbonates (Ln2O2CO3, where Ln = La and Sm), which have molecular-exchangeable (H2O and CO2) surface structures according to the ordered layered arrangement of Ln2O22+ and CO32- ions, are unearthed. On this basis, a series of Ln2O2CO3-supported Cu catalysts are prepared through the deposition precipitation method, which provides excellent catalytic activity and stability for the water-gas shift (WGS) reaction. Density functional theory calculations combined with systematic experimental characterizations verify that H2O spontaneously dissociates on the surface of Ln2O2CO3 to form hydroxyl by eliminating the carbonate through the release of CO2. This interchange efficiently promotes the WGS reaction equilibrium shift on the local surface and prevents the carbonate accumulation from hindering the active sites. The discovery of the unique layered structure provides a so-called "self-cleaning" active surface for the WGS reaction and opens new perspectives about the application of rare-earth oxycarbonate nanomaterials in C1 chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Zhou
- Key
Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Key Laboratory of
Special Aggregated Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan250100, China
| | - Shan-Qing Li
- School
of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Chizhou University, Chizhou247000, China
| | - Chao Ma
- College
of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan
University, Changsha410082, China
| | - Xin-Pu Fu
- Key
Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Key Laboratory of
Special Aggregated Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan250100, China
| | - Yi-Shuang Xu
- Key
Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Key Laboratory of
Special Aggregated Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan250100, China
| | - Wei-Wei Wang
- Key
Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Key Laboratory of
Special Aggregated Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan250100, China
| | - Hao Dong
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Lab of Rare
Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Lab in Rare
Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Chun-Jiang Jia
- Key
Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Key Laboratory of
Special Aggregated Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan250100, China,
| | - Feng Ryan Wang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, LondonWC1E 7JE, U.K.,
| | - Chun-Hua Yan
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Lab of Rare
Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Lab in Rare
Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing100871, China,
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4
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Ng DKT, Xu L, Chen W, Wang H, Gu Z, Chia XX, Fu YH, Jaafar N, Ho CP, Zhang T, Zhang Q, Lee LYT. Miniaturized CO 2 Gas Sensor Using 20% ScAlN-Based Pyroelectric Detector. ACS Sens 2022; 7:2345-2357. [PMID: 35943904 PMCID: PMC9425554 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c00980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
NDIR CO2 gas sensors using a 10-cm-long gas channel and CMOS-compatible 12% doped ScAlN pyroelectric detector have previously demonstrated detection limits down to 25 ppm and fast response time of ∼2 s. Here, we increase the doping concentration of Sc to 20% in our ScAlN-based pyroelectric detector and miniaturize the gas channel by ∼65× volume with length reduction from 10 to 4 cm and diameter reduction from 5 to 1 mm. The CMOS-compatible 20% ScAlN-based pyroelectric detectors are fabricated over 8-in. wafers, allowing cost reduction leveraging on semiconductor manufacturing. Cross-sectional TEM images show the presence of abnormally oriented grains in the 20% ScAlN sensing layer in the pyroelectric detector stack. Optically, the absorption spectrum of the pyroelectric detector stack across the mid-infrared wavelength region shows ∼50% absorption at the CO2 absorption wavelength of 4.26 μm. The pyroelectric coefficient of these 20% ScAlN with abnormally oriented grains shows, in general, a higher value compared to that for 12% ScAlN. While keeping the temperature variation constant at 2 °C, we note that the pyroelectric coefficient seems to increase with background temperature. CO2 gas responses are measured for 20% ScAlN-based pyroelectric detectors in both 10-cm-long and 4-cm-long gas channels, respectively. The results show that for the miniaturized CO2 gas sensor, we are able to measure the gas response from 5000 ppm down to 100 ppm of CO2 gas concentration with CO2 gas response time of ∼5 s, sufficient for practical applications as the average outdoor CO2 level is ∼400 ppm. The selectivity of this miniaturized CO2 gas sensor is also tested by mixing CO2 with nitrogen and 49% sulfur hexafluoride, respectively. The results show high selectivity to CO2 with nitrogen and 49% sulfur hexafluoride each causing a minimum ∼0.39% and ∼0.36% signal voltage change, respectively. These results bring promise to compact and miniature low cost CO2 gas sensors based on pyroelectric detectors, which could possibly be integrated with consumer electronics for real-time air quality monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Keh Ting Ng
- Institute
of Microelectronics, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and
Research), 2 Fusionopolis
Way, #08-02, Innovis Tower, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Linfang Xu
- Institute
of Microelectronics, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and
Research), 2 Fusionopolis
Way, #08-02, Innovis Tower, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Weiguo Chen
- Institute
of Microelectronics, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and
Research), 2 Fusionopolis
Way, #08-02, Innovis Tower, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Huanhuan Wang
- Institute
of Microelectronics, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and
Research), 2 Fusionopolis
Way, #08-02, Innovis Tower, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Zhonghua Gu
- Institute
of Microelectronics, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and
Research), 2 Fusionopolis
Way, #08-02, Innovis Tower, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Xavier Xujie Chia
- Institute
of Microelectronics, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and
Research), 2 Fusionopolis
Way, #08-02, Innovis Tower, Singapore 138634, Singapore
- Photonics
Devices and Systems Group, Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Yuan Hsing Fu
- Institute
of Microelectronics, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and
Research), 2 Fusionopolis
Way, #08-02, Innovis Tower, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Norhanani Jaafar
- Institute
of Microelectronics, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and
Research), 2 Fusionopolis
Way, #08-02, Innovis Tower, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Chong Pei Ho
- Institute
of Microelectronics, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and
Research), 2 Fusionopolis
Way, #08-02, Innovis Tower, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Tantan Zhang
- Institute
of Microelectronics, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and
Research), 2 Fusionopolis
Way, #08-02, Innovis Tower, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Qingxin Zhang
- Institute
of Microelectronics, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and
Research), 2 Fusionopolis
Way, #08-02, Innovis Tower, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Lennon Yao Ting Lee
- Institute
of Microelectronics, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and
Research), 2 Fusionopolis
Way, #08-02, Innovis Tower, Singapore 138634, Singapore
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Khandelwal G, Dahiya R. Self-Powered Active Sensing Based on Triboelectric Generators. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2200724. [PMID: 35445458 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202200724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The demand for portable and wearable chemical or biosensors and their expeditious development in recent years has created a scientific challenge in terms of their continuous powering. As a result, mechanical energy harvesters such as piezoelectric and triboelectric generators (TEGs) have been explored recently either as sensors or harvesters to store charge in small, but long-life, energy-storage devices to power the sensors. The use of energy harvesters as sensors is particularly interesting, as with such multifunctional operations it is possible to reduce the number devices needed in a system, which also helps overcome the integration complexities. In this regard, TEGs are promising, particularly for energy autonomous chemical and biological sensors, as they can be developed with a wide variety of materials, and their mechanical energy to electricity conversion can be modulated by various analytes. This review focuses on this interesting dimension of TEGs and presents various self-powered active chemical and biological sensors. A brief discussion about the development of TEG-based physical, magnetic, and optical sensors is also included. The influence of environmental factors, various figures of merit, and the significance of TEG design are explained in context with the active sensing. Finally, the key applications, challenges, and future perspective of chemical and biological detection via TEGs are discussed with a view to drive further advances in the field of self-powered sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Khandelwal
- Bendable Electronics and Sensing Technologies (BEST) Group, James Watt South Building, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Ravinder Dahiya
- Bendable Electronics and Sensing Technologies (BEST) Group, James Watt South Building, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
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6
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Qiu L, Li J, Zhang W, Gong A, Yuan X, Liu Y. Extraction and Back-Extraction Behaviors of La(III), Ce(III), Pr(III), and Nd(III) Single Rare Earth and Mixed Rare Earth by TODGA. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21248316. [PMID: 34960409 PMCID: PMC8704705 DOI: 10.3390/s21248316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
N,N,N′,N′-Tetraoctyl diglycolamide (TODGA), as a new extraction agent, is effective for its excellent performance and low environmental hazard, and it is very welcome for the rare earth separation process. In this paper, by controlling the extraction time, diluent type, acid type and its concentration, rare earth concentration, etc., the optimum extraction and back-extraction effects of TODGA on La(III), Ce(III), Pr(III), and Nd(III) and mixed rare earths were obtained. The experiment showed that 0.10 mol·L−1 TODGA had the best extraction effect on single rare earth under the conditions of using petroleum ether as diluent, 5 mol·L−1 nitric acid, 20 min extraction time, and 0.01 mol·L−1 rare earth. In the mixed rare earth extraction, the percentage concentrations of La(III), Ce(III), Pr(III), and Nd(III) could be achieved from 21.7%, 19.9%, 30.8%, and 22.2% at the initial stage to 90.5%, 37%, 51%, and 62% after extraction, respectively, by controlling the number of back-extraction cycles and the concentrations of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid in the back-extraction system. The TODGA–rare earth carrier system showed the best back-extraction effect when the hydrochloric acid concentration was 1 mol·L−1 and the back-extraction time was 20 min. At the same time, the mixed rare earth liquid system with low initial concentration was selected for extraction and separation of mixed rare earth. The separation effect was better, and the recovery rate was higher than that of mixed rare earth liquid system with a high initial concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; (L.Q.); (J.L.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Jiandi Li
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; (L.Q.); (J.L.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
- Basic Experimental Center for Natural Science, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Aijun Gong
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; (L.Q.); (J.L.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
- Correspondence:
| | - Xiaotao Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; (L.Q.); (J.L.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; (L.Q.); (J.L.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
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7
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Flame-Made La 2O 3-Based Nanocomposite CO 2 Sensors as Perspective Part of GHG Monitoring System. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21217297. [PMID: 34770604 PMCID: PMC8587462 DOI: 10.3390/s21217297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Continuous monitoring of greenhouse gases with high spatio-temporal resolution has lately become an urgent task because of tightening environmental restrictions. It may be addressed with an economically efficient solution, based on semiconductor metal oxide gas sensors. In the present work, CO2 detection in the relevant concentration range and ambient conditions was successfully effectuated by fine-particulate La2O3-based materials. Flame spray pyrolysis technique was used for the synthesis of sensitive materials, which were studied with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTs) and low temperature nitrogen adsorption coupled with Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) effective surface area calculation methodology. The obtained materials represent a composite of lanthanum oxide, hydroxide and carbonate phases. The positive correlation has been established between the carbonate content in the as prepared materials and their sensor response towards CO2. Small dimensional planar MEMS micro-hotplates with low energy consumption were used for gas sensor fabrication through inkjet printing. The sensors showed highly selective CO2 detection in the range of 200–6667 ppm in humid air compared with pollutant gases (H2 50 ppm, CH4 100 ppm, NO2 1 ppm, NO 1 ppm, NH3 20 ppm, H2S 1 ppm, SO2 1 ppm), typical for the atmospheric air of urbanized and industrial area.
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