1
|
Culvyhouse J, Unruh DK, Lischka H, Aquino AJA, Krempner C. Facile Access to Organostibines via Selective Organic Superbase Catalyzed Antimony-Carbon Protonolysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202407822. [PMID: 38763897 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202407822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The selective formation of antimony-carbon bonds via organic superbase catalysis under metal- and salt-free conditions is reported. This novel approach utilizes electron-deficient stibine, Sb(C6F5)3, to give upon base-catalyzed reactions with weakly acidic aromatic and heteroaromatic hydrocarbons access to a range of new aromatic and heteroaromatic stibines, respectively, with loss of C6HF5. Also, the significantly less electron-deficient stibines, Ph2SbC6F5 and PhSb(C6F5)2 smoothly underwent base-catalyzed exchange reactions with a range of terminal alkynes to generate the stibines of formulae PhSb(C≡CPh)2, and Ph2SbC≡CR [R=C6H5, C6H4-NO2, COOEt, CH2Cl, CH2NEt2, CH2OSiMe3, Sb(C6H5)2], respectively. These formal substitution reactions proceed with high selectivity as only the C6F5 groups serve as a leaving group to be liberated as C6HF5 upon formal proton transfer from the alkyne. Kinetic studies of the base-catalyzed reaction of Ph2SbC6F5 with phenyl acetylene to form Ph2SbC≡CPh and C6HF5 suggested the empirical rate law to exhibit a first-order dependence with respect to the base catalyst, alkyne and stibine. DFT calculations support a pathway proceeding via a concerted σ-bond metathesis transition state, where the base catalyst activates the Sb-C6F5 bond sequence through secondary bond interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Culvyhouse
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Memorial Dr. & Boston, Lubbock, Texas, 79409, United States
| | - Daniel K Unruh
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Memorial Dr. & Boston, Lubbock, Texas, 79409, United States
| | - Hans Lischka
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Memorial Dr. & Boston, Lubbock, Texas, 79409, United States
| | - Adelia J A Aquino
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, 79409-1021, United States
| | - Clemens Krempner
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Memorial Dr. & Boston, Lubbock, Texas, 79409, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wardak C, Morawska K, Pietrzak K. New Materials Used for the Development of Anion-Selective Electrodes-A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5779. [PMID: 37687472 PMCID: PMC10488487 DOI: 10.3390/ma16175779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Ion-selective electrodes are a popular analytical tool useful in the analysis of cations and anions in environmental, industrial and clinical samples. This paper presents an overview of new materials used for the preparation of anion-sensitive ion-selective electrodes during the last five years. Design variants of anion-sensitive electrodes, their advantages and disadvantages as well as research methods used to assess their parameters and analytical usefulness are presented. The work is divided into chapters according to the type of ion to which the electrode is selective. Characteristics of new ionophores used as the electroactive component of ion-sensitive membranes and other materials used to achieve improvement of sensor performance (e.g., nanomaterials, composite and hybrid materials) are presented. Analytical parameters of the electrodes presented in the paper are collected in tables, which allows for easy comparison of different variants of electrodes sensitive to the same ion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cecylia Wardak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Maria Curie-Sklodowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Klaudia Morawska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Maria Curie-Sklodowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Karolina Pietrzak
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Qian Y, Yan W, Yang X, Meng H, Wang D. Transforming the fluorescent fluorine anion probe from on-off to ratiometric type by a tiny modification on the triarylborane group. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
|
4
|
Böhme U, Herbig M. New Complexes of Antimony(III) with Tridentate O, E, O-Ligands (E = O, S, Se, Te, NH, NMe) Derived from N-Methyldiethanolamine. Molecules 2023; 28:4959. [PMID: 37446634 PMCID: PMC10343548 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28134959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We synthesized a series of new antimony(III) compounds by reaction of Sb(OEt)3 with organic ligands of the type E(CH2-CH2-OH)2, with E = NH, NMe, O, S, Se, and Te. The synthesized compounds have the general composition [E(CH2-CH2-O)2]Sb(OEt). For comparison, the compound (O-CH2-CH2-S)Sb(OEt) was prepared. All compounds are characterized using NMR, IR, and Raman spectroscopy. The molecular structures of the products reveal the formation of chelate complexes, wherein the ligand molecules coordinate as tridentate O,E,O-ligands to the antimony atom. Dimer formation in the solid state allows the antimony atoms to reach pentacoordination. Quantum chemical calculations including topological analysis of electron density reveal that there are polar shared bonds between antimony and the oxygen atoms bound to antimony. The interactions between the donor atom E and the Sb atom and the interactions in the dimers can be characterized as Van der Waals interactions. The reactivity of [MeN(CH2-CH2-O)2]Sb(OEt) was investigated as an example. For this purpose, the compound reacted with a range of organic compounds such as carboxylic acids and carboxylic anhydrides and small molecules like CO2 and NH3. This study establishes a new and easy accessible class of antimony(III) compounds, provides new insights into the chemistry of antimony compounds and opens up new opportunities for further research in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcus Herbig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Str. 29, 09599 Freiberg, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li L, Tang J, Liu H, Qian Y. Highly Selective Potentiometric Sensing of Biologically Relevant Pyrophosphate and Lysophosphatidic Acid Using N-Alkyl/Aryl Ammonium Resorcinarenes/Extended-Resorcinarenes as Ionophores. Anal Chem 2022; 94:14854-14860. [PMID: 36260062 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The ionophore properties of four kinds of N-alkyl/aryl ammonium resorcinarenes and extended-resorcinarenes were inspected for the first time to fabricate polymeric membrane electrodes for determination of biologically relevant pyrophosphate (PPi) and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). The proposed ion selective electrodes (ISEs) showed significant preference for PPi and LPA with significant selectivity pattern differences from the Hofmeister series. To gain further insight into the performances of the developed ISEs, the binding constants of ionophore-anion complexes in the plasticized membrane phase were investigated, along with the optimized geometries and calculated electrostatic potential. Nernstian potential responses with good reversibility to target anions can be observed when shifting the optimized membranes in aqueous solutions in the concentration range from 10-6.5 to 10-2.3/10-2.2 M. Moreover, potentiometric sensings of PPi and LPA in mineral water and artificial serum were achieved in low μM concentration range, demonstrating their promising real-world applications. These results provide a promising avenue for the development of polymeric membrane electrodes for biological relevant anions and will broaden the scope of potentiometric sensing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Li
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Jing Tang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Haitao Liu
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Yi Qian
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Binuclear Triphenylantimony(V) Catecholates through N-Donor Linkers: Structural Features and Redox Properties. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27196484. [PMID: 36235022 PMCID: PMC9573088 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A series of binuclear triphenylantimony(V) bis-catecholato complexes 1–11 of the type (Cat)Ph3Sb-linker-SbPh3(Cat) was prepared by a reaction of the corresponding mononuclear catecholates (Cat)SbPh3 with a neutral bidentate donor linker ligands pyrazine (Pyr), 4,4′-dipyridyl (Bipy), bis-(pyridine-4-yl)-disulfide (PySSPy), and diazobicyclo[2,2,2]octane (DABCO) in a dry toluene: Cat = 3,6-di-tert-butyl-catecholate (3,6-DBCat), linker = Pyr (1); PySSPy (2); Bipy (3); DABCO (4); Cat = 3,5-di-tert-butyl-catecholate (3,5-DBCat), linker = Bipy (5); DABCO (9); Cat = 4,5-(piperazine-1,4-diyl)-3,6-di-tert-butylcatecholate (pip-3,6-DBCat), linker = Bipy (6); DABCO (10); Cat = 4,5-dichloro-3,6-di-tert-butylcatecholate (4,5-Cl2-3,6-DBCat), linker = Bipy (7); DABCO (11); and Cat = 4,5-dimethoxy-3,6-di-tert-butylcatecholate (4,5-(MeO)2-3,6-DBCat), linker = Bipy (8). The same reaction of (4,5-Cl2-3,6-DBCat)SbPh3 with DABCO in an open atmosphere results in a formation of 1D coordination polymer {[(4,5-Cl2-3,6-DBCat)SbPh3·H2O]·DABCO}n (12). Bis-catecholate complex Ph3Sb(Cat-Spiro-Cat)SbPh3 reacts with Bipy as 1:1 yielding a rare macrocyclic tetranuclear compound {Ph3Sb(Cat-Spiro-Cat)SbPh3∙(Bipy)}2 (13). The molecular structures of 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 12, and 13 in crystal state were established by single-crystal X-ray analysis. Complexes demonstrate different types of relative spatial positions of mononuclear moieties. The nature of chemical bonds, charges distribution, and the energy of Sb...N interaction were investigated in the example of complex 5. The electrochemical behavior of the complexes depends on the coordinated N-donor ligand. The coordination of pyrazine, Bipy, and PySSPy at the antimony atom changes their mechanism of electrooxidation: instead of two successive redox stages Cat/SQ and SQ/Cat, one multielectron stage was observed. The coordination of the DABCO ligand is accompanied by a significant shift in the oxidation potentials of the catecholate ligand to the cathodic region (by 0.4 V), compared to the initial complex.
Collapse
|
7
|
Li L, Liu H, Tang J, Zhang P, Qian Y. Anchoring H-Bond Donating/Accepting Pyrrolic Derivatives on Preorganized Scaffolds: Conformationally Switchable Bipedal/Tripodal and Locked Molecular Cage Ionophores for Potentiometric Sensing of Phosphate and Fluoride. Anal Chem 2022; 94:13762-13769. [PMID: 36165493 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The ionophore properties of a myriad of conformationally switchable bipedal/tripodal receptors and locked molecular cages were evaluated here for the first time to fabricate potentiometric sensors for the determination of environmentally important phosphate and fluoride. Owing to the competent ionophore properties such as high binding selectivity and affinity, the developed ion-selective electrodes displayed response preference for phosphate and fluoride with a selectivity pattern that differs distinctly from traditional Hofmeister series. Binding constants of the ionophore-anion complexes are determined to underscore how modifications in the preorganization and H-bond donating/accepting ability of a given series of ionophores can be exploited to improve the performance for potentiometric sensing. While conformationally switchable bipedal/tripodal ionophores prefer tetrahedral oxyanions, locked molecular cages shift their preference to spherical halides gradually. Nernstian potential responses with good reversibility to target anions can be observed when shifting the optimized membrane electrodes in aqueous solutions within the concentration range of 10-6.5-10-2.0 M. Moreover, potentiometric determination of phosphate and fluoride in mineral water, soil, and tap water samples was achieved in a low μM concentration range with high accuracy, confirming their promising utility in real world applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Li
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Haitao Liu
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Jing Tang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Peidong Zhang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Yi Qian
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Damala P, Zdrachek E, Bakker E. Commercially Available Nitrate Ionophores in Potentiometric Sensors Are Not Superior to Common Ion‐Exchangers. ELECTROANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202200247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
9
|
Li L, Liu H, Tang J, Du P, Zhang Y, Qian Y. Embedding of Functionalized Coordination Cages and a Molecular Knot in a Polymeric Membrane for Potentiometric Sensing of Environmentally Important Oxyanions and Halides. ACS Sens 2022; 7:1602-1611. [PMID: 35499166 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c00782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Three kinds of coordination cages and a molecular knot with inductively activated +P-H, N-H, or C-H hydrogen bond donors anchoring in the functionalized cavities were inspected as ionophores to develop polymeric membrane ISEs for potentiometric sensing of environmentally important oxyanions and halides. The proposed ISEs displayed significant preference for perrhenate, phosphate, or chloride with a selectivity pattern distinctively different from the sequence depending on the Gibbs free energy of hydration owing to the high degree of shape, charge, and size selectivity originating from the rigidity and complementarity of the binding cavities. To gain further insight into the response characters of the proposed ISEs, the binding constants of ionophore-anion complexes in the membrane phase were investigated, and the binding affinity, together with the Hofmeister series, correlates well with the determined selectivity pattern of the proposed ISEs. Optimizing the composition of the membrane such as lipophilic additives and plasticizers produced ISEs displaying Nernstian/near-Nernstian potentiometric responses to primary anions with a wide linear range, improved detection limits, good reversibility, and satisfying lifetime. Potentiometric determination of perrhenate, phosphate, and chloride in river water, mineral water, and artificial serum samples was achieved with good recovery and accuracy using the proposed ISEs, demonstrating their potential for real-life applications. These results will shed new light on how novel ionophores could be designed for potentiometric sensing and broaden the scope of host-guest chemistry of coordination cages and molecular knots.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Li
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Haitao Liu
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Jing Tang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Pengcheng Du
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Yihao Zhang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Yi Qian
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Aouaini F, Ben Yahia M, I Alrebdi H, A Alothman M. Interpretation of the adsorption of metals on quartz crystal based-macromolecule via advanced modeling of equilibrium isotherms. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20031. [PMID: 34625608 PMCID: PMC8501105 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99465-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article, new insights about the metals-porphyrin complexes are proved by analyzing the zinc, nickel and chromium adsorption process over the well-known porphyrin macromolecule. The use of the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) apparatus allows the control of the complexation systems' experimental adsorption data operating at four temperatures. The experimental results and the physical models reveal that the zinc and nickel complexation processes are to be examined using the mono layer adsorption model. While, the double layer model describes the interaction between the chromium compound and the porphyrin. Actually, the three metals are shown to be adsorbed by a multi-docking process in the physicochemical description. The endothermic character of the investigated processes is shown through the appropriate data of the principal parameter adsorbent sites' density. Hence, several porphyrin sites are exclusively stimulated at high temperature. The parameters of van del Waals, depicting the influences of the lateral interactions, explain the nickel isotherms down trend. The chemical bonds are shown to be carried out between the zinc and the porphyrin through the calculated adsorption energies. Considering the thermodynamic study, and referring to the configurational entropy and the free enthalpy, it is to be noted that the disorder peak of the three mechanisms is reached when the equilibrium concentration is equal to the energetic parameters' values for each system. The nickel enthalpy revealed for high concentration that the adsorbates' lateral interactions disapproved the nickel chloride adsorption. The free enthalpy trends, that observed two stability states of the chromium compound, confirmed the chromium double layer mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Aouaini
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Ben Yahia
- Laboratory of Quantum and Statistical Physics LR18ES18, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Haifa I Alrebdi
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Miysoon A Alothman
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Qin Y, Faheem A, Hu Y. A spore-based portable kit for on-site detection of fluoride ions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 419:126467. [PMID: 34182423 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The excess residues of fluoride ions cause serious human health problems, making their detection highly valuable. In this work, a whole-cell-based biosensor was presented for the detection of fluoride ions, which can inhibit the color reaction of 3,3',5,5',-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) catalyzed by the CotA-laccase of spore surface. This reaction for the detection of fluoride ions could be read out through UV-vis spectrophotometer, smartphone, or standard colorimetric card within 10 min. Under optimum conditions, a linear range of 1-600 μmol L-1 with a detection limit of 0.12 μmol L-1 (3σ/k) was achieved for fluoride ions detection by using UV-vis spectrophotometer. The biosensor coupling with smartphone had a good linear response to fluoride ions concentration in the range of 5-600 μmol L-1 with LOD of 0.90 μmol L-1 (3σ/k). The standard colorimetric card can be directly used for recognizing the fluoride ions level via naked-eyes. A portable kit based on a colorimetric card and smartphone was developed and has been successfully applied for fluoride ions monitoring in surface waters and groundwater. This developed method has several advantages such as rapid, outstanding selectivity and anti-interference, low-cost, ease of operation and storage, and eco-friendliness, meeting the demands of point-of-care testing of fluoride ions and disease prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Aroosha Faheem
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yonggang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Aouaini F, Ben Yahia M, M. Alanazi M. Phenomenological statistical physics modeling of metalloporphyrins adsorption at the molecular level. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
13
|
Magre M, Kuziola J, Nöthling N, Cornella J. Dibismuthanes in catalysis: from synthesis and characterization to redox behavior towards oxidative cleavage of 1,2-diols. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:4922-4929. [PMID: 33955447 PMCID: PMC8188851 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00367d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A family of aryl dinuclear bismuthane complexes has been successfully synthesized and characterized. The two bismuth centers are bonded to various xanthene-type backbones, which differ in ring-size and flexibility, resulting in complexes with different intramolecular BiBi distances. Moreover, their pentavalent Bi(v) analogues have also been prepared and structurally characterized. Finally, the synergy between bismuth centers in catalysis has been studied by applying dinuclear bismuthanes 5-8 to the catalytic oxidative cleavage of 1,2-diols. Unfortunately, no synergistic effects were observed and the catalytic activities of dinuclear bismuthanes and triphenylbismuth are comparable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Magre
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany.
| | - Jennifer Kuziola
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany.
| | - Nils Nöthling
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany.
| | - Josep Cornella
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Statistical Physics Modeling of Sorption Isotherms of Aluminum, Iron, and Indium on Tetraphenylporphyrin (H2TPP) and Tetrakis(4-tolylphenyl)porphyrin (H2TTPP): Phenomenological Investigation of Metalloporphyrins at the Molecular Level. ADSORPT SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/5540517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A quartz crystal adsorbent functionalized with two promising porphyrins (the 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-tolylphenyl)porphyrin and the 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin) was applied for the investigation of the adsorption phenomenon of aluminum chloride, iron chloride, and indium chloride. The aim is to prove new insights about the appropriate adsorption materials for metalloporphyrin fabrication. The equilibrium isotherms were measured at five adsorption temperatures (from 290 to 330 K) through the microbalance (QCM) method. The discussion of the experimental observations indicated that the adsorption of the aluminum chloride and the iron chloride was performed via a monolayer process. On contrary, the participation of the chloride ions in the double-layer adsorption of the indium chloride was explained by the layer-by-layer process. Overall, the statistical physics modeling of the experimental curves indicated that the number of ions per adsorbent site
was found inferior to 1 for all the adsorption systems (multi-interaction process for the three ions). Interestingly, the physicochemical investigation of the three adopted models showed that the complexation mechanism of the tested porphyrins was an endothermic process since the two steric parameters (
and
) increased with the rise of the temperature. The FeCl3 curves were discussed via a monolayer adsorption model which includes the parameters
and
(lateral interaction description), indicating the lowest stability of the formed iron-porphyrin complex. The energetic study showed that the adsorption energies
of AlCl3 on H2TTPP and H2TPP are superior to 40 kJ/mol (chemical adsorption mechanism), whereas the adsorption mechanisms of FeCl3 and InCl3 took place via a physical process since they presented adsorption energy values lower than 40 kJ/mol.
Collapse
|
15
|
Li L, Du P, Duan Y, Zhang Y, Li Y, Qian Y, Zhang P, Guo Q, Ding J. Hydrogen Bond-Based Macrocyclic and Tripodal Neutral Ionophores for Highly Selective Polymeric Membrane Sulfate-Selective Electrodes. ACS Sens 2021; 6:245-251. [PMID: 33373189 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c02231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Four hydrogen bond-based macrocyclic and tripodal neutral receptors with increasing conformational complementarity with sulfate were used for the first time as ionophores to develop polymeric membrane sulfate-selective electrodes. Optimizing the membrane composition such as ionophores, lipophilic additives, and plasticizers yielded ISEs which showed Nernstian response to sulfate with the best selectivity so far and improved detection limits (a slope of -29.8 mV/dec in the linear range of 1 × 10-6-1 × 10-1 M with a detection limit of 5 × 10-7 M), which led to the success of the determination of sulfate in drinking water samples and neomycine tablets. The anion-ionophore complex constants in the membrane phase were determined and correlated with the selectivity sequence of the ISEs. Studies on the influence of pH of the sample solution demonstrated that the developed ISEs can be operated in a wide pH range of 3-8 with fast response and rapid (in 1 min) and long lifetime. The success of these ionophores represents a feasible strategy for overcoming the "Hofmeister series" by employing a combination of complementarity and hydrogen bonds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Li
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Pengcheng Du
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Yinghui Duan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Yihao Zhang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Yi Qian
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Peidong Zhang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Qingjie Guo
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Jiawang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai, Shandong 264003, P. R. China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266200, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|