1
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Zhang L, Morshedi M, Schwich T, Kobayashi R, Humphrey MG. Exceptional three- to six-photon absorption at organometallic dendrimers. Chem Sci 2024; 15:8731-8739. [PMID: 38873073 PMCID: PMC11168170 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01127a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The light-intensity dependence of multi-photon absorption (MPA) affords outstanding spatial control. Furthermore, compared to the higher-energy photons needed for analogous linear absorption, the lower-energy photons involved in MPA often correspond to important wavelengths, such as those of the biological and telecommunications "windows". It is therefore of crucial importance to develop molecules that exhibit outstanding MPA cross-sections. However, although progress has been made with two-photon absorption, there is currently a dearth of efficient instantaneous n-photon absorbers (n > 2), a key reason being the scarcity of structure-property studies required to understand higher-order MPA. We herein report systematically-varied metallodendrimers up to third-generation in size, together with their nonlinear absorptive responses over the spectral range 600-2520 nm. We show that the dendrimers exhibit exceptional instantaneous three- to six-photon absorption cross-sections, with maximal values increasing with dendrimer generation and installation of solubilizing group, and we report that changing the groups at the dendrimer periphery can shift the wavelengths of the nPA maxima. We also describe time-dependent DFT studies that have facilitated assignment of the key linear and nonlinear transitions and disclosed the crucial role of the metal in the outstanding MPA performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Mahbod Morshedi
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Torsten Schwich
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Rika Kobayashi
- National Computational Infrastructure, Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Mark G Humphrey
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
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2
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Zou J, Zhang D, Thi QH, Chen W, Xu G, Lu Z, Ly TH, Luo J. Exploring Favorable Supramolecular Interactions of Multifluorinated Aromatics in Dendronized Push-Pull Chromophores for Electro-Optics. Chempluschem 2024:e202400320. [PMID: 38853751 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Multifluorinated aromatics serve as supramolecular synthons in the research of organic electro-optic (EO) materials by exploiting π-π stacking interaction between the aromatic hydrocarbon and multifluorinated aromatic groups for performance improvement. However, non-classical hydrogen bonding remains largely unexplored in fluorinated EO dendrimers. In this study, three Fréchet-type generation 1 benzyl ether co-dendrons were synthesized by replacing one benzyl group with 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzyl (p-HF4Bz), pentafluorobenzyl (C6F5Bz), and 2,3,4,5-tetrafluorobenzyl (o-HF4Bz) groups, to afford the benzoic acid derivatives D1, D2, and D3, which were further bonded to the donor and π-bridge moieties to afford three co-dendronized push-pull phenyltetraene chromophores EOD1, EOD2, and EOD3, respectively. The weak C-H⋅⋅⋅X (X=O, F) interactions in the crystal structure of D1 cumulatively add to the benzoic acid dimers to form an extended hydrogen-bonded network, while D2 is crystallized into a centric one-dimensional chain with strong intermolecular interactions. The poled films of EOD1 with PMMA exhibited the largest and most stable EO activity with optical homogeneity among the series. The results identify the effectiveness of weak but favorable hydrogen bonds enabled by the enhanced carbon acidity of p-HF4Bz synthon in D1, over the interactions in D2 and D3, for the rational design of supramolecular EO dendrimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zou
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Quoc Huy Thi
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Center of Super-Diamond & Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Weilong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhenpin Lu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Thuc Hue Ly
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Center of Super-Diamond & Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jingdong Luo
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
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3
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Smirnova NN, Markin AV, Sologubov SS, Milenin SA, Tatarinova EA, Muzafarov AM. Thermodynamic Properties of a Fourth-Generation Carbosilane Dendrimer with Terminal Trimethylsilylsiloxane Groups. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024422080210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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4
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Huang A, Li Q, Li Z. Molecular Uniting Set Identified Characteristic (
MUSIC
) of Organic Optoelectronic Materials. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arui Huang
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto‐Electronic Materials, Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto‐Electronic Materials, Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Zhen Li
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto‐Electronic Materials, Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
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5
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Room temperature phosphorescence achieved by aromatic/perfluoroaromatic interactions. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-021-1229-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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6
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Xiao W, Yu J, Xin J, Jin R. Theoretical study on the effect of spacer groups on the nonlinear optical properties of polyvinyl carbazole molecular fragments. Struct Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-020-01504-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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7
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Bis(phenyltriazolyl)nitroaniline: Click-derived functional materials with highly-transparent and stable two-photon absorption property. Chem Phys Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2018.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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8
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A second-order nonlinear optical dendronized hyperbranched polymer containing isolation chromophores: achieving good optical nonlinearity and stability simultaneously. Sci China Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-017-9207-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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9
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Tang R, Zhou S, Cheng Z, Yu G, Peng Q, Zeng H, Guo G, Li Q, Li Z. Janus second-order nonlinear optical dendrimers: their controllable molecular topology and corresponding largely enhanced performance. Chem Sci 2017; 8:340-347. [PMID: 28451178 PMCID: PMC5365064 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc02956f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A new type of Janus dendrimers, consisting of two different side dendrons with the dipole orientation of the second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) chromophore moieties partially in a non-centrosymmetric direction, was intelligently designed and synthesized in order to enhance the macroscopic NLO performance and break through the limitation of NLO efficiency in the current molecular topological structure of azo chromophore-based polymers. This kind of Janus dendritic structure was constructed by the combination of convergent and divergent methods, with the utilization of a powerful "click chemistry reaction". The obtained three dendrimers, D-13N, D-17N and D-21N, show very high NLO performance, especially the dramatically enhanced NLO coefficient of 299 pm V-1 for D-13N, which is the highest value ever reported for polymers containing a simple azo chromophore. The new dendrimers provide a clear structure-properties relationship between high NLO efficiency and the controllable molecular topology with the non-centrosymmetrical alignment of dipole orientation, thus opening up a new avenue for the further development of NLO dendrimers with high performance and more importantly providing some clues for the rational design of functional dendrimers with controllable molecular topology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runli Tang
- Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China .
| | - Shengmin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China .
| | - Ziyao Cheng
- Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China .
| | - Gui Yu
- Institute of Chemistry , The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100080 , China
| | - Qian Peng
- Institute of Chemistry , The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100080 , China
| | - Huiyi Zeng
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter , The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou 350002 , China
| | - Guocong Guo
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter , The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou 350002 , China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China .
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China .
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10
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Tang R, Li Z. Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Dendrimers and Dendronized Hyperbranched Polymers. CHEM REC 2016; 17:71-89. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201600065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Runli Tang
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials; Department of Chemistry; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 P.R. China
| | - Zhen Li
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials; Department of Chemistry; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 P.R. China
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11
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Arseneault M, Wafer C, Morin JF. Recent advances in click chemistry applied to dendrimer synthesis. Molecules 2015; 20:9263-94. [PMID: 26007183 PMCID: PMC6272213 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20059263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrimers are monodisperse polymers grown in a fractal manner from a central point. They are poised to become the cornerstone of nanoscale devices in several fields, ranging from biomedicine to light-harvesting. Technical difficulties in obtaining these molecules has slowed their transfer from academia to industry. In 2001, the arrival of the "click chemistry" concept gave the field a major boost. The flagship reaction, a modified Hüisgen cycloaddition, allowed researchers greater freedom in designing and building dendrimers. In the last five years, advances in click chemistry saw a wider use of other click reactions and a notable increase in the complexity of the reported structures. This review covers key developments in the click chemistry field applied to dendrimer synthesis from 2010 to 2015. Even though this is an expert review, basic notions and references have been included to help newcomers to the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Arseneault
- Chimie, Université Laval, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, Pavillon Alexandre-Vachon, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Caroline Wafer
- Chimie, Université Laval, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, Pavillon Alexandre-Vachon, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Jean-François Morin
- Chimie, Université Laval, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, Pavillon Alexandre-Vachon, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
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12
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Tang R, Chen H, Zhou S, Xiang W, Tang X, Liu B, Dong Y, Zeng H, Li Z. Dendronized hyperbranched polymers containing isolation chromophores: design, synthesis and further enhancement of the comprehensive NLO performance. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00155b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
New dendronized hyperbranched polymers (DHPs) constructed by dendronized monomers, exhibit good comprehensive NLO performance, especially for thermostability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runli Tang
- Department of Chemistry
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- China
| | - Shengmin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- China
| | - Wendi Xiang
- Department of Chemistry
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- China
| | - Xi Tang
- Department of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- China
| | - Binwen Liu
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- The Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou 350002
- China
| | - Yongqiang Dong
- Department of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- China
| | - Huiyi Zeng
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- The Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou 350002
- China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- China
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13
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Tang R, Chen H, Zhou S, Liu B, Gao D, Zeng H, Li Z. The integration of an “X” type dendron into polymers to further improve the comprehensive NLO performance. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00961h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Three polymers were designed and synthesized, by utilizing an “X” type dendrimer containing five nitro-based azo chromophore moieties, which exhibit good processability and good nonlinear optical performance, especially for NLO thermostability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runli Tang
- Department of Chemistry
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Shengmin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Binwen Liu
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou 350002
- China
| | - Dong Gao
- Institute of Chemistry
- The Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 10080
- China
| | - Huiyi Zeng
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou 350002
- China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan
- China
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14
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Wu W, Xu Z, Xiang W, Li Z. Using an orthogonal approach and one-pot method to simplify the synthesis of nonlinear optical (NLO) dendrimers. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py01058b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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15
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Wu W, Li Z. Further improvement of the macroscopic NLO coefficient and optical transparency of hyperbranched polymers by enhancing the degree of branching. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00419a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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