Gallium-doped tin oxide nano-cuboids for improved dye sensitized solar cell

Sputtered Ga-Doped SnOx Electron Transport Layer for Large-Area All-Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells

The scalability processing of all functional layers in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is one of the critical challenges in the commercialization of perovskite photovoltaic technology. In response to this issue, a large-area and high-quality gallium-doped tin oxide (Ga-SnO_x) thin film is deposited by direct current magnetron sputtering and applied in CsPbBr₃ all-inorganic PSCs as an electron transport layer (ETL). It is found that oxygen defects of SnO_x can be remarkably offset by regulating oxygen flux and acceptor-like Ga doping level, resulting in higher carrier mobility and suitable energy level alignment, which is beneficial in accelerating electron extraction and suppressing charge recombination at the perovskite/ETL interface. At the optimal O₂ flux (12 sccm) and Ga doping level (5%), the device based on sputtered Ga-SnO_x ETL without any interface modification shows a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.13%, which is significantly higher than that of undoped SnO_x prepared by sputtering or spin coating. Furthermore, a PCE of 5.98% for a device with an active area of 1 cm² is obtained, demonstrating great potential in fabricating efficient and stable large-area PSCs.

Improved photovoltaic performance in nano TiO2 based dye sensitized solar cells: Effect of TiCl4 treatment and Sr doping

The surface treatment and effect of Sr-doping in nano TiO₂ photoanodes based dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is investigated for enhancing the power conversion efficiency (PCE), by the effect of reduced charge recombination and fast photoelectron moving. Sr doped TiO₂, enhances the DSSC performance, due to the increase in bang gap energy and its fermi energy level alignment, which is observed from current density-voltage (J-V), Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and the incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) measurements. 5 at. % of Sr-doped TiO₂ with titanium tetrachloride (TiCl₄) treatment exhibits the highest PCE of 9.6%, which is 249% and 40% higher than that of undoped bare and TiCl₄ treated TiO₂ photoanodes, respectively. The fast charge separation capability is examined from dielectric behaviour. Overall investigation obviously ascribes that the effect of doping and an additional layer on the photoanodes are responsible for the enhanced stability and high-power conversion efficiency of TiO₂ based DSSCs.

Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2 Modified with GaI toward Environmental Application

Gallium (Ga) ion-doped TiO₂ (Ga-TiO₂) nanocomposite with small particle size (9-10 nm) and high surface area (104 m²/g) has been easily synthesized via sol-gel method at low temperature by using low-valent GaI as a doping precursor. The structural and morphological characterization of Ga-TiO₂ was carried out with standard analytical and spectroscopic techniques. Ga doping into the TiO₂ matrix inhibited a phase transformation from anatase to rutile (photocatalytically inactive) form, even at a higher temperature of 750 °C. Finally, Ga-TiO₂ nanocomposite showed high photocatalytic activity and exhibited 97% degradation of acid violet 63 dye within 60 min. The dye degradation rate constant was calculated as 1.6 × 10^-1 and 1.4 × 10^-1 min^-1 under UV and white light irradiation, respectively, which is higher, as compared to the previously reported Ga-TiO₂ composites to date.

CdTe nanoparticles decorated titania for dye sensitized solar cell: a novel co-sensitizer approach towards highly efficient energy conversion

A hybrid TiO₂–CdTe multi-layer matrix fabricated for validation in a dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) operating with N3 dye as the sensitizer.

Hydrothermal synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles doped with trace amounts of strontium, and their application as working electrodes for dye sensitized solar cells: tunable electrical properties & enhanced photo-conversion performance

Strontium (Sr) doped TiO₂ nanoparticles are investigated with a view to studying the performance parameters of dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).

Effect of hydrogen in controlling the structural orientation of ZnO:Ga:H as transparent conducting oxide films suitable for applications in stacked layer devices

Hydrogenation of the ZnO:Ga network has been chosen as a promising avenue to further upgrade the optoelectronic and structural properties of the films.

Tin oxide nanostructured materials: an overview of recent developments in synthesis, modifications and potential applications

Various structural modifications of tin oxide nanostructures leading to multidimensional applications.

Effects of Ga doping and hollow structure on the band-structures and photovoltaic properties of SnO2 photoanode dye-sensitized solar cells

By introducing the rough hollow microspheres structure and Ga-doping technique, a high power conversion efficiency (η) up to 7.11% is obtained for SnO₂ based DSSCs.