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Kyaw HH, Myint MTZ, Al-Belushi MA, Dobretsov S, Al-Abri M. Nanomaterial grafted polymorphous activated carbon cloth surface for antibacterial, capacitive deionization and oil spill cleaning applications. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:141053. [PMID: 38154669 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.141053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
This work reports the development of multifunctional or polymorphous surfaces using zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods, silica (SiO2), and fluoropolymer functionalization in a sequential process. Firstly, zinc oxide nanorods were grown on activated carbon cloth (ACC) using a simple low-temperature synthesis process. ZnO nanorods-coated ACC substrate was applied to investigate the antimicrobial properties, and the results showed inhibition of 50% for Escherichia coli (E.coli) and 55% for Bacillus subtilis (B.subtilis) over 48 h of incubation time. Subsequent in-situ modification of silica nanoparticles like layer on ZnO nanorods-coated ACC surface was developed and used as an electrode for brackish water desalination in a capacitive deionization system. ZnO-SiO2 modified ACC surface enhanced the desalination efficiency by 1.6 times, the salt removal rate (SRR) by threefold, and the durability (fouling prevention) for long-term usage compared to pristine ACC. Further modification of the ZnO-SiO2-ACC surface using fluoropolymer rendered the surface superhydrophobic and oleophilic. Vegetable (1.4 g/g) and crude oil (1.6 g/g) adsorption capacities were achieved for modified surface which was 70% enhancement compared with pristine ACC. The dynamic oil spill adsorption test exhibited the complete removal of oil spills on water surfaces within a few seconds, suggesting a potential application in oil spill cleaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Htet Htet Kyaw
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 33, Al-Khoudh, 123, Muscat, Oman
| | - Myo Tay Zar Myint
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 36, Al-Khoudh, 123, Muscat, Oman.
| | - Mohammed A Al-Belushi
- Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, College of Agriculture and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 34, Al-Khoudh, 123, Muscat, Oman; Central Laboratory for Food Safety, Food Safety and Quality Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries Wealth & Water Resources, PO Box 3094, Airport Central Post,111, Muscat, Oman
| | - Sergey Dobretsov
- Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, College of Agriculture and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 34, Al-Khoudh, 123, Muscat, Oman
| | - Mohammed Al-Abri
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 33, Al-Khoudh, 123, Muscat, Oman; Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 33, Al-Khoudh, 123, Muscat, Oman.
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2
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Mer K, Egiebor NO, Tao W, Sajjadi B, Wijethunga UK, Leem G. Capacitive removal of Pb ions via electrosorption on novel willow biochar-manganese dioxide composites. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:999-1012. [PMID: 36215094 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2135028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biochar derived from lignocellulosic biomass has been used as a low-cost adsorbent in wastewater treatment applications. Due to its rich porous structure and good electrical conductivity, biochar can be used as a cost-effective electrode material for capacitive deionization of water. In this work, willow biochar was prepared through carbonization of shrub willow chips, activated with potassium hydroxide, and loaded with manganese dioxide (WBC-K-MnO2 nanocomposite). The prepared materials were used to electrochemically adsorb Pb2+ from aqueous solutions. Under the applied potential of 1.0 V, the WBC-K-MnO2 electrode exhibited a high Pb2+ specific electrosorption capacity (23.3 mg/g) as compared to raw willow biochar (4.0 mg/g) and activated willow biochar (9.2 mg/g). KOH activation followed by MnO2 loading on the surface of raw biochar enhanced its BET surface area (178.7 m2/g) and mesoporous volume ratio (42.1%). Moreover, the WBC-K-MnO2 nanocomposite exhibited the highest specific capacitance value of 234.3 F/g at a scan rate of 5 mV/s. The electrosorption isotherms and kinetic data were well explained by the Freundlich and pseudo-second order models, respectively. The WBC-K-MnO2 electrode demonstrated excellent reusability with a Pb2+ electrosorption efficiency of 76.3% after 15 cycles. Thus, the WBC-K-MnO2 nanocomposite can serve as a promising candidate for capacitive deionization of heavy metal contaminated water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani Mer
- Department of Environmental Resources Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Nosa O Egiebor
- Department of Environmental Resources Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Wendong Tao
- Department of Environmental Resources Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Baharak Sajjadi
- School of Petroleum and Geological Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Udani K Wijethunga
- Department of Chemistry, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Gyu Leem
- Department of Chemistry, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, USA
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3
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Rhee H, Kwak R. Induced-charge membrane capacitive deionization enables high-efficient desalination with polarized porous electrodes. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 244:120436. [PMID: 37556990 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of a conducting porous material to an electric field in electrolytes induces an electric dipole, which results in capacitive charging of cations and anions at opposite poles. In this letter, we investigate a novel desalination method using this induced-charge capacitive deionization (ICCDI). To do this, we devise a microscale ICCDI platform that can visualize in situ ion concentrations, pH shifts, and fluid flows, and study ion transport dynamics and desalination performances compared to conventional CDI with unipolar / bipolar connections. Similar ion concentration and fluid flow characteristics were observed in Ohmic, limiting, and over-limiting regimes, but variations in desalination performance trends were noted based on the number of stacks. In a single cell, ICCDI generates a higher electric field at the opposite poles of porous electrodes than simple conducted electrodes in CDIs with unipolar/bipolar connections, leading to superior salt removal and/or lower ionic current at a given applied voltage. This marks a clear contrast from CDI with bipolar connection, which lacks any advantage over CDI with unipolar connection in a single cell. These metrics of ICCDI however deteriorated as the stack number increased, likely due to short-circuiting between the dipoles. As a result, ICCDI in current form shows higher desalination efficient than conventional CDIs with low stack numbers (< 6), so we offer the scale-up module by repeating 4-stack ICCDI units. Our study enhances comprehension of ion transport dynamics and desalination performance in ICCDI, and the results could aid in the development of ICCDI for energy/cost-efficient desalination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hahnsoll Rhee
- Department of Mechanical Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, Republic of Korea
| | - Rhokyun Kwak
- Department of Mechanical Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, Republic of Korea; Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Nordstrand J, Dutta J. Langmuir-Based Modeling Produces Steady Two-Dimensional Simulations of Capacitive Deionization via Relaxed Adsorption-Flow Coupling. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:3350-3359. [PMID: 35257585 PMCID: PMC8945368 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The growing world population creates an ever-increasing demand for fresh drinkable water, and many researchers have discovered the emerging capacitive deionization (CDI) technique to be highly promising for desalination. Traditional modeling of CDI has focused on charge storage in electrical double layers, but recent studies have presented a dynamic Langmuir (DL) approach as a simple and stable alternative. We here demonstrate, for the first time, that a Langmuir-based approach can simulate CDI in multiple dimensions. This provides a new perspective of different physical pictures that could be used to describe the detailed CDI processes. As CDI emerges, effective modeling of large-scale and pilot CDI modules is becoming increasingly important, but such a modeling could also be especially complex. Leveraging the stability of the DL model, we propose an alternative fundamental approach based on relaxed adsorption-flow computations that can dissolve these complexity barriers. Literature data extensively validate the findings, which show how the Langmuir-based approach can simulate and predict how key changes in operational and structural conditions affect the CDI performance. Crucially, the method is tractable for simple simulations of large-scale and structurally complex systems. Put together, this work presents new avenues for approaching the challenges in modeling CDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Nordstrand
- Functional
Materials Group, Applied Physics Department, School of Engineering
Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova Universitetscentrum, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joydeep Dutta
- Functional
Materials Group, Applied Physics Department, School of Engineering
Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova Universitetscentrum, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Center
of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Kyaw HH, Myint MTZ, Al-Harthi S, Al-Muhtaseb AH, Al-Abri M. Electric field enhanced in situ silica nanoparticles grafted activated carbon cloth electrodes for capacitive deionization. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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6
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Design of zinc oxide nanoparticles and graphene hydrogel co-incorporated activated carbon for efficient capacitive deionization. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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7
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Nordstrand J, Dutta J. A new automated model brings stability to finite‐element simulations of capacitive deionization. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202100270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Johan Nordstrand
- Functional Materials, Applied Physics Department, School of Engineering Sciences KTH Royal Institute of Technology AlbaNova universitetscentrum Stockholm 106 91 Sweden
| | - Joydeep Dutta
- Functional Materials, Applied Physics Department, School of Engineering Sciences KTH Royal Institute of Technology AlbaNova universitetscentrum Stockholm 106 91 Sweden
- Center of Nanotechnology King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
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Nayak S, Kumal RR, Liu Z, Qiao B, Clark AE, Uysal A. Origins of Clustering of Metalate-Extractant Complexes in Liquid-Liquid Extraction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:24194-24206. [PMID: 33849269 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c23158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Effective and energy-efficient separation of precious and rare metals is very important for a variety of advanced technologies. Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) is a relatively less energy intensive separation technique, widely used in separation of lanthanides, actinides, and platinum group metals (PGMs). In LLE, the distribution of an ion between an aqueous phase and an organic phase is determined by enthalpic (coordination interactions) and entropic (fluid reorganization) contributions. The molecular scale details of these contributions are not well understood. Preferential extraction of an ion from the aqueous phase is usually correlated with the resulting fluid organization in the organic phase, as the longer-range organization increases with metal loading. However, it is difficult to determine the extent to which organic phase fluid organization causes, or is caused by, metal loading. In this study, we demonstrate that two systems with the same metal loading may impart very different organic phase organizations and investigate the underlying molecular scale mechanism. Small-angle X-ray scattering shows that the structure of a quaternary ammonium extractant solution in toluene is affected differently by the extraction of two metalates (octahedral PtCl62- and square-planar PdCl42-), although both are completely transferred into the organic phase. The aggregates formed by the metalate-extractant complexes (approximated as reverse micelles) exhibit a more long-range order (clustering) with PtCl62- compared to that with PdCl42-. Vibrational sum frequency generation spectroscopy and complementary atomistic molecular dynamics simulations on model Langmuir monolayers indicate that the two metalates affect the interfacial hydration structures differently. Furthermore, the interfacial hydration is correlated with water extraction into the organic phase. These results support a strong relationship between the organic phase organizational structure and the different local hydration present within the aggregates of metalate-extractant complexes, which is independent of metalate concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Nayak
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Raju R Kumal
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Zhu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Baofu Qiao
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Aurora E Clark
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Ahmet Uysal
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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9
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Liu X, Wang J. Electro-assisted adsorption of Cs(I) and Co(II) from aqueous solution by capacitive deionization with activated carbon cloth/graphene oxide composite electrode. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 749:141524. [PMID: 32836125 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a new composite of activated carbon cloth/graphene oxide (ACC/GO) was prepared, characterized and used as electrode material for the electro-assisted adsorptive removal of Co2+ and Cs+ from aqueous solution. The ACC/GO composite was synthesized by a vacuum filtration method, and characterized by cyclic voltammetry and various surface characterization methods. Effect of applied voltage and initial concentration of Co2+ and Cs+ on their removal efficiency was examined. The kinetics and isotherms of Co2+ and Cs+ adsorption were investigated to explain the adsorption mechanism. At 0 V, the removal efficiency of Co2+ and Cs+ was 10.1% and 21.4%; at 1.2 V, electro-assistance increased the removal efficiency of Co2+ and Cs+ to 40.8% and 39.7%, respectively. Moreover, ACC/GO composite electrode had higher adsorption capacity compared to the pristine ACC electrode, due to its higher specific surface area and more oxygen-containing functional groups. The maximum adsorption capacity of Co2+ and Cs+ was 16.7 mg g-1 and 22.9 mg g-1, respectively at 1.2 V and 20 mg L-1 by ACC/GO composite electrode. The modeling and experimental results demonstrated that the removal mechanism involved in physical adsorption, chemical adsorption, and electro-adsorption. Overall, the prepared ACC/GO composite electrode had high capacitive deionization performance in removing heavy metal ions from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Jianlong Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Radioactive Waste Treatment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
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10
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Toledo-Carrillo E, Zhang X, Laxman K, Dutta J. Asymmetric electrode capacitive deionization for energy efficient desalination. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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Basis and Prospects of Combining Electroadsorption Modeling Approaches for Capacitive Deionization. PHYSICS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/physics2020016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Electrically driven adsorption, electroadsorption, is at the core of technologies for water desalination, energy production, and energy storage using electrolytic capacitors. Modeling can be crucial for understanding and optimizing these devices, and hence different approaches have been taken to develop multiple models, which have been applied to explain capacitive deionization (CDI) device performances for water desalination. Herein, we first discuss the underlying physics of electroadsorption and explain the fundamental similarities between the suggested models. Three CDI models, namely, the more widely used modified Donnan (mD) model, the Randles circuit model, and the recently proposed dynamic Langmuir (DL) model, are compared in terms of modeling approaches. Crucially, the common physical foundation of the models allows them to be improved by incorporating elements and simulation tools from the other models. As a proof of concept, the performance of the Randles circuit is significantly improved by incorporating a modeling element from the mD model and an implementation tool from the DL model (charge-dependent capacitance and system identification, respectively). These principles are accurately validated using data from reports in the literature showing significant prospects in combining modeling elements and tools to properly describe the results obtained in these experiments.
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12
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Kyaw HH, Myint MTZ, Al-Harthi S, Al-Abri M. Removal of heavy metal ions by capacitive deionization: Effect of surface modification on ions adsorption. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 385:121565. [PMID: 31732340 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Activated carbon cloth (ACC) coated with zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) have been used as electrodes in flow-by capacitive deionization (CDI) system. Aqueous solution of individual Pb2+ and Cd2+ ions and mixed Pb2+ and Cd2+ ions were used as test contaminant in CDI system to study the effect of surface modification upon ions removal efficiency. Due to the aggregated structure of ZnO NPs on ACC surface, the modified ACC electrodes develop the additional surface area as well as dielectric barrier therefore resulting in higher specific capacitance. In addition, coating with ZnO NPs effectively reduced physical adsorption whereby enhanced the ions adsorption rate and capacity during electrosorption process. Upon incorporating with ZnO NPs, the electrosorption efficiency was enhanced from 17% to 33% for Pb2+, from 21% to 29% for Cd2+ and from 21% to 35% for mixed Pb2+ and Cd2+ ions. The power consumption of individual ions and mixed ions removal process for ACC and ZnO NPs modified ACC were also discussed. Furthermore, used ACC electrodes surfaces were examined using photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and results were also conferred. The CDI ACC electrodes with ZnO NPs showed a promising and an effective way for heavy metal removal applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Htet Htet Kyaw
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 33, Al-Khoudh, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Myo Tay Zar Myint
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, Al-Khoudh, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Salim Al-Harthi
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, Al-Khoudh, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Mohammed Al-Abri
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 33, Al-Khoudh, Muscat 123, Oman; Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Department, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 33, Al-Khoudh, Muscat 123, Oman.
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13
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Haq OU, Choi DS, Choi JH, Lee YS. Carbon electrodes with ionic functional groups for enhanced capacitive deionization performance. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Shih YJ, Dong CD, Huang YH, Huang CP. Loofah-derived activated carbon supported on nickel foam (AC/Ni) electrodes for the electro-sorption of ammonium ion from aqueous solutions. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 242:125259. [PMID: 31896176 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Activated carbon (AC), prepared from dried loofah sponge, was supported on nickel foam to fabricate AC/Ni electrodes. The characteristics of ammonium electrosorption on AC/Ni electrodes was studied. Results showed that AC prepared in one-step activation (without pre-pyrolysis), i.e., OAC, had relatively low crystallinity, high mesoporosity, and high specific capacitance compared to those made in two-step carbonation followed by activation. Adsorption and desorption density of NH4+ were measured at constant potential of -1.0 V (vs. Hg/HgO) and +0.1 V (vs. Hg/HgO), respectively. Non-faradaic charging contributed to the electrochemical storage and adsorption of ammonium ions on the AC surface with a maximal charge efficiency of 80%, at an applied potential of -1.0 V (vs. Hg/HgO). Multiple-layer adsorption isotherm better described the electrosorption of ammonium ion on OAC/Ni electrodes yielding a maximum adsorption capacity of 6 mg-N g-1, which was comparable with other similar systems. Overall, results clearly demonstrated the effect of synthesis strategy on the capacitive charging behaviors of AC/Ni electrodes and its relationship to NH4+ electrosorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jen Shih
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Di Dong
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 811, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Hui Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - C P Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
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15
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Cheng Y, Hao Z, Hao C, Deng Y, Li X, Li K, Zhao Y. A review of modification of carbon electrode material in capacitive deionization. RSC Adv 2019; 9:24401-24419. [PMID: 35527893 PMCID: PMC9069735 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04426d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Capacitive deionization (CDI) technology has attracted wide attention since its advent and is considered as one of the most promising technologies in the field of desalination and ion recycling. It is constructed with an electric field by applying a low voltage of direct-current to make ions migrate directionally in solution to achieve the purpose of ion separation and removal. The performance of CDI is heavily dependent on the electrode material. Carbon is widely used as CDI electrode material because of its lower price and better stability. To enhance the adsorption capacity, extensive research efforts have been made for the modification of carbon material. In this review, we enumerate and analyze four modification methods of carbon material including element doping, metal oxide modification, chemical treatment and surface coating. The influence of each modification method on CDI performance is concluded in the perspective mechanism and some constructive advice is put forward on how to effectively enhance the performance of CDI by the decoration of carbon materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutuo Cheng
- The College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Zhiqi Hao
- The College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Changrun Hao
- The College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yu Deng
- The College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xingying Li
- The College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Kexun Li
- The College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yubo Zhao
- The College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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16
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Nordstrand J, Laxman K, Myint MTZ, Dutta J. An Easy-to-Use Tool for Modeling the Dynamics of Capacitive Deionization. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:6628-6634. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b05503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johan Nordstrand
- Functional Materials, Applied Physics Department, SCI School, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Isafjordsgatan 22, Kista, SE-16440 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karthik Laxman
- Functional Materials, Applied Physics Department, SCI School, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Isafjordsgatan 22, Kista, SE-16440 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Myo Tay Zar Myint
- Department of Physics, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 17, Al Khoud, 123 Muscat, Oman
| | - Joydeep Dutta
- Functional Materials, Applied Physics Department, SCI School, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Isafjordsgatan 22, Kista, SE-16440 Stockholm, Sweden
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17
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Influence of thermal treatment conditions on capacitive deionization performance and charge efficiency of carbon electrodes. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Thamilselvan A, Govindan K, Nesaraj AS, Maheswari SU, Oren Y, Noel M, James E. Investigation on the effect of organic dye molecules on capacitive deionization of sodium sulfate salt solution using activated carbon cloth electrodes. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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19
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Ahmed MA, Tewari S. Capacitive deionization: Processes, materials and state of the technology. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Laxman K, Kimoto D, Sahakyan A, Dutta J. Nanoparticulate Dielectric Overlayer for Enhanced Electric Fields in a Capacitive Deionization Device. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:5941-5948. [PMID: 29369615 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b16540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The magnitude and distribution of the electric field between two conducting electrodes of a capacitive deionization (CDI) device plays an important role in governing the desalting capacity. A dielectric coating on these electrodes can polarize under an applied potential to modulate the net electric field and hence the salt adsorption capacity of the device. Using finite element models, we show the extent and nature of electric field modulation, associated with changes in the size, thickness, and permittivity of commonly used nanostructured dielectric coatings such as zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2). Experimental data pertaining to the simulation are obtained by coating activated carbon cloth (ACC) with nanoparticles of ZnO and TiO2 and using them as electrodes in a CDI device. The dielectric-coated electrodes displayed faster desalting kinetics of 1.7 and 1.55 mg g-1 min-1 and higher unsaturated specific salt adsorption capacities of 5.72 and 5.3 mg g-1 for ZnO and TiO2, respectively. In contrast, uncoated ACC had a salt adsorption rate and capacity of 1.05 mg g-1 min-1 and 3.95 mg g-1, respectively. The desalting data is analyzed with respect to the electrical parameters of the electrodes extracted from cyclic voltammetry and impedance measurements. Additionally, the obtained results are correlated with the simulation data to ascertain the governing principles for the changes observed and advances that can be achieved through dielectric-based electrode modifications for enhancing the CDI device performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Laxman
- Functional Materials Division, Department of Applied Physics, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Isafjordsgatan 22, Kista, SE-164 40 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daiki Kimoto
- Functional Materials Division, Department of Applied Physics, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Isafjordsgatan 22, Kista, SE-164 40 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Armen Sahakyan
- Thomas Johann Seebeck Department of Electronics, Tallinn University of Technology , Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Joydeep Dutta
- Functional Materials Division, Department of Applied Physics, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Isafjordsgatan 22, Kista, SE-164 40 Stockholm, Sweden
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El-Deen AG, Boom RM, Kim HY, Duan H, Chan-Park MB, Choi JH. Flexible 3D Nanoporous Graphene for Desalination and Bio-decontamination of Brackish Water via Asymmetric Capacitive Deionization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:25313-25325. [PMID: 27589373 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b08658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanoporous graphene based materials are a promising nanostructured carbon for energy storage and electrosorption applications. We present a novel and facile strategy for fabrication of asymmetrically functionalized microporous activated graphene electrodes for high performance capacitive desalination and disinfection of brackish water. Briefly, thiocarbohydrazide coated silica nanoparticles intercalated graphene sheets are used as a sacrificial material for creating mesoporous graphene followed by alkaline activation process. This fabrication procedure meets the ideal desalination pore diameter with ultrahigh specific surface area ∼ 2680 m(2) g(-1) of activated 3D graphene based micropores. The obtained activated graphene electrode is modified by carboxymethyl cellulose as negative charge (COO(-2)) and disinfectant quaternary ammonium cellulose with positively charged polyatomic ions of the structure (NR4(+)). Our novel asymmetric coated microporous activated 3D graphene employs nontoxic water-soluble binder which increases the surface wettability and decreases the interfacial resistance and moreover improves the electrode flexibility compared with organic binders. The desalination performance of the fabricated electrodes was evaluated by carrying out single pass mode experiment under various cell potentials with symmetric and asymmetric cells. The asymmetric charge coated microporous activated graphene exhibits exceptional electrosorption capacity of 18.43 mg g(-1) at a flow rate of 20 mL min(-1) upon applied cell potential of 1.4 V with initial NaCl concentration of 300 mg L(-1), high charge efficiency, excellent recyclability, and, moreover, good antibacterial behavior. The present strategy provides a new avenue for producing ultrapure water via green capacitive deionization technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed G El-Deen
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459
- Centre for Antimicrobial Bioengineering, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637459
- Renewable Energy Science and Engineering Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni- Suef University , Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Remko M Boom
- Food Process Engineering Laboratory, Agrotechnology and Food Sciences Group, Wageningen University , 6700 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hak Yong Kim
- BioNanosystem and Bin Fusion Department, Chonbuk National University , Jeonju 561-756, South Korea
| | - Hongwei Duan
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459
| | - Mary B Chan-Park
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459
- Centre for Antimicrobial Bioengineering, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637459
| | - Jae-Hwan Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kongju National University , 1223-24 Cheonan-daero, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan, Chungnam 331-717, Republic of Korea
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Removal and regrowth inhibition of microalgae using visible light photocatalysis with ZnO nanorods: A green technology. Sep Purif Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2016.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Zornitta RL, Lado JJ, Anderson MA, Ruotolo LA. Effect of electrode properties and operational parameters on capacitive deionization using low-cost commercial carbons. Sep Purif Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2015.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Application of poly(vinyl alcohol) and polysulfone based ionic exchange polymers to membrane capacitive deionization for the removal of mono- and divalent salts. Sep Purif Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2015.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Leong ZY, Yang HY. Porous carbon hollow spheres synthesized via a modified Stöber method for capacitive deionization. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra06489b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous carbon hollow spheres have been synthesized for capacitive deionization (CDI), a novel desalination technology that is environmentally friendly and is less energy as compared to conventional technologies such as reverse osmosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yi Leong
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development (EPD)
- Singapore University of Technology and Design
- Singapore 487372
- Hyflux Innovation Centre
- Singapore 339949
| | - Hui Ying Yang
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development (EPD)
- Singapore University of Technology and Design
- Singapore 487372
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Wu T, Wang G, Dong Q, Qian B, Meng Y, Qiu J. Asymmetric capacitive deionization utilizing nitric acid treated activated carbon fiber as the cathode. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Capacitive deionization with asymmetric electrodes: Electrode capacitance vs electrode surface area. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Laxman K, Myint MTZ, Khan R, Pervez T, Dutta J. Effect of a semiconductor dielectric coating on the salt adsorption capacity of a porous electrode in a capacitive deionization cell. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kim T, Dykstra J, Porada S, van der Wal A, Yoon J, Biesheuvel P. Enhanced charge efficiency and reduced energy use in capacitive deionization by increasing the discharge voltage. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 446:317-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2014.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Application of synthesized anion and cation exchange polymers to membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI). Macromol Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-015-3049-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Liu J, Lu M, Yang J, Cheng J, Cai W. Capacitive desalination of ZnO/activated carbon asymmetric capacitor and mechanism analysis. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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