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Frigoli M, Lowdon JW, Caldara M, Cleij TJ, Diliën H, Eersels K, van Grinsven B. Emerging Biomimetic Sensor Technologies for the Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria: A Commercial Viability Study. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:23155-23171. [PMID: 38854523 PMCID: PMC11154936 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Ensuring a rapid and accurate identification of harmful bacteria is crucial in various fields including environmental monitoring, food safety, and clinical diagnostics. Conventional detection methods often suffer from limitations such as long analysis time, complexity, and the need for qualified personnel. Therefore, a lot of research effort is devoted to developing technologies with the potential to revolutionize the detection of pathogenic bacteria by offering rapid, sensitive, and user-friendly platforms for point-of-care analysis. In this light, biosensors have gained significant commercial attention in recent years due to their simplicity, portability, and rapid analysis capabilities. The purpose of this review is to identify a trend by analyzing which biosensor technologies have become commercially successful in the field of bacteria detection. Moreover, we highlight the characteristics that a biosensor must possess to finally arrive in the market and therefore in the hands of the end-user, and we present critical examples of the market applications of various technologies. The aim is to investigate the reason why certain technologies have achieved commercial success and extrapolate these trends to the future economic viability of a new subfield in the world of biosensing: the development of biomimetic sensor platforms. Therefore, an overview of recent advances in the field of biomimetic bacteria detection will be presented, after which the challenges that need to be addressed in the coming years to improve market penetration will be critically evaluated. We will zoom into the current shortcomings of biomimetic sensors based on imprinting technology and aptamers and try to come up with a recommendation for further development based on the trends observed from previous commercial success stories in biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaux Frigoli
- Sensor Engineering Department,
Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht
University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joseph W. Lowdon
- Sensor Engineering Department,
Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht
University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Manlio Caldara
- Sensor Engineering Department,
Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht
University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas J. Cleij
- Sensor Engineering Department,
Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht
University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hanne Diliën
- Sensor Engineering Department,
Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht
University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kasper Eersels
- Sensor Engineering Department,
Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht
University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart van Grinsven
- Sensor Engineering Department,
Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht
University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Ahmadi Tabar F, Lowdon JW, Bakhshi Sichani S, Khorshid M, Cleij TJ, Diliën H, Eersels K, Wagner P, van Grinsven B. An Overview on Recent Advances in Biomimetic Sensors for the Detection of Perfluoroalkyl Substances. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 24:130. [PMID: 38202993 PMCID: PMC10781331 DOI: 10.3390/s24010130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of materials that have been widely used in the industrial production of a wide range of products. After decades of bioaccumulation in the environment, research has demonstrated that these compounds are toxic and potentially carcinogenic. Therefore, it is essential to map the extent of the problem to be able to remediate it properly in the next few decades. Current state-of-the-art detection platforms, however, are lab based and therefore too expensive and time-consuming for routine screening. Traditional biosensor tests based on, e.g., lateral flow assays may struggle with the low regulatory levels of PFAS (ng/mL), the complexity of environmental matrices and the presence of coexisting chemicals. Therefore, a lot of research effort has been directed towards the development of biomimetic receptors and their implementation into handheld, low-cost sensors. Numerous research groups have developed PFAS sensors based on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) or aptamers. In order to transform these research efforts into tangible devices and implement them into environmental applications, it is necessary to provide an overview of these research efforts. This review aims to provide this overview and critically compare several technologies to each other to provide a recommendation for the direction of future research efforts focused on the development of the next generation of biomimetic PFAS sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ahmadi Tabar
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics ZMB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; (F.A.T.); (S.B.S.); (M.K.)
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands (T.J.C.); (K.E.); (B.v.G.)
| | - Joseph W. Lowdon
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands (T.J.C.); (K.E.); (B.v.G.)
| | - Soroush Bakhshi Sichani
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics ZMB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; (F.A.T.); (S.B.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Mehran Khorshid
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics ZMB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; (F.A.T.); (S.B.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Thomas J. Cleij
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands (T.J.C.); (K.E.); (B.v.G.)
| | - Hanne Diliën
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands (T.J.C.); (K.E.); (B.v.G.)
| | - Kasper Eersels
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands (T.J.C.); (K.E.); (B.v.G.)
| | - Patrick Wagner
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics ZMB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; (F.A.T.); (S.B.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Bart van Grinsven
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands (T.J.C.); (K.E.); (B.v.G.)
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Wagner P, Bakhshi Sichani S, Khorshid M, Lieberzeit P, Losada-Pérez P, Yongabi D. Bioanalytical sensors using the heat-transfer method HTM and related techniques. TECHNISCHES MESSEN : TM 2023; 90:761-785. [PMID: 38046181 PMCID: PMC10690833 DOI: 10.1515/teme-2023-0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
This review provides an overview on bio- and chemosensors based on a thermal transducer platform that monitors the thermal interface resistance R th between a solid chip and the supernatant liquid. The R th parameter responds in a surprisingly strong way to molecular-scale changes at the solid-liquid interface, which can be measured thermometrically, using for instance thermocouples in combination with a controllable heat source. In 2012, the effect was first observed during on-chip denaturation experiments on complementary and mismatched DNA duplexes that differ in their melting temperature. Since then, the concept is addressed as heat-transfer method, in short HTM, and numerous applications of the basic sensing principle were identified. Functionalizing the chip with bioreceptors such as molecularly imprinted polymers makes it possible to detect neurotransmitters, inflammation markers, viruses, and environmental pollutants. In combination with aptamer-type receptors, it is also possible to detect proteins at low concentrations. Changing the receptors to surface-imprinted polymers has opened up new possibilities for quantitative bacterial detection and identification in complex matrices. In receptor-free variants, HTM was successfully used to characterize lipid vesicles and eukaryotic cells (yeast strains, cancer cell lines), the latter showing spontaneous detachment under influence of the temperature gradient inherent to HTM. We will also address modifications to the original HTM technique such as M-HTM, inverted HTM, thermal wave transport analysis TWTA, and the hot-wire principle. The article concludes with an assessment of the possibilities and current limitations of the method, together with a technological forecast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Wagner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics ZMB, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001Leuven, Belgium
| | - Soroush Bakhshi Sichani
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics ZMB, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mehran Khorshid
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics ZMB, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Lieberzeit
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstrasse 42, A-1090Wien, Austria
| | - Patricia Losada-Pérez
- Physique Expérimentale Thermique et de la Matière Molle, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus de la Plaine – CP 223, Boulevard du Triomphe, ACC.2, B-1050Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Derick Yongabi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics ZMB, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001Leuven, Belgium
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Givanoudi S, Heyndrickx M, Depuydt T, Khorshid M, Robbens J, Wagner P. A Review on Bio- and Chemosensors for the Detection of Biogenic Amines in Food Safety Applications: The Status in 2022. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:613. [PMID: 36679407 PMCID: PMC9860941 DOI: 10.3390/s23020613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This article provides an overview on the broad topic of biogenic amines (BAs) that are a persistent concern in the context of food quality and safety. They emerge mainly from the decomposition of amino acids in protein-rich food due to enzymes excreted by pathogenic bacteria that infect food under inappropriate storage conditions. While there are food authority regulations on the maximum allowed amounts of, e.g., histamine in fish, sensitive individuals can still suffer from medical conditions triggered by biogenic amines, and mass outbreaks of scombroid poisoning are reported regularly. We review first the classical techniques used for selective BA detection and quantification in analytical laboratories and focus then on sensor-based solutions aiming at on-site BA detection throughout the food chain. There are receptor-free chemosensors for BA detection and a vastly growing range of bio- and biomimetic sensors that employ receptors to enable selective molecular recognition. Regarding the receptors, we address enzymes, antibodies, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), and aptamers as the most recent class of BA receptors. Furthermore, we address the underlying transducer technologies, including optical, electrochemical, mass-sensitive, and thermal-based sensing principles. The review concludes with an assessment on the persistent limitations of BA sensors, a technological forecast, and thoughts on short-term solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Givanoudi
- Technology and Food Science Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Brusselsesteenweg 370, B-9090 Melle, Belgium
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics, ZMB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Animal Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Marine Division—Cell Blue Biotech/Food Integrity, Jacobsenstraat 1, B-8400 Oostende, Belgium
| | - Marc Heyndrickx
- Technology and Food Science Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Brusselsesteenweg 370, B-9090 Melle, Belgium
| | - Tom Depuydt
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics, ZMB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mehran Khorshid
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics, ZMB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Robbens
- Animal Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Marine Division—Cell Blue Biotech/Food Integrity, Jacobsenstraat 1, B-8400 Oostende, Belgium
| | - Patrick Wagner
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics, ZMB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Frigoli M, Lowdon JW, Caldara M, Arreguin-Campos R, Sewall J, Cleij TJ, Diliën H, Eersels K, van Grinsven B. Thermal Pyocyanin Sensor Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for the Indirect Detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ACS Sens 2023; 8:353-362. [PMID: 36599088 PMCID: PMC9887650 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c02345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a ubiquitous multi-drug-resistant bacterium, capable of causing serious illnesses and infections. This research focuses on the development of a thermal sensor for the indirect detection of P. aeruginosa infection using molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). This was achieved by developing MIPs for the detection of pyocyanin, the main toxin secreted by P. aeruginosa. To this end, phenazine was used as a dummy template, evaluating several polymeric compositions to achieve a selective MIP for pyocyanin recognition. The sensitivity of the synthesized MIPs was investigated by UV-vis analysis, with the best composition having a maximum rebinding capacity of 30 μmol g-1 and an imprinting factor (IF) of 1.59. Subsequently, the MIP particles were immobilized onto planar aluminum chips using an adhesive layer, to perform thermal resistance measurements at clinically relevant concentrations of pyocyanin (1.4-9.8 μM), achieving a limit of detection (LoD) of 0.347 ± 0.027 μM. The selectivity of the sensor was also scrutinized by subjecting the receptor to potential interferents. Furthermore, the rebinding was demonstrated in King's A medium, highlighting the potential of the sensor for the indirect detection of P. aeruginosa in complex fluids. The research culminates in the demonstration of the MIP-based sensor's applicability for clinical diagnosis. To achieve this goal, an experiment was performed in which the sensor was exposed to pyocyanin-spiked saliva samples, achieving a limit of detection of 0.569 ± 0.063 μM and demonstrating that this technology is suitable to detect the presence of the toxin even at the very first stage of its production.
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Arreguin-Campos R, Eersels K, Rogosic R, Cleij TJ, Diliën H, van Grinsven B. Imprinted Polydimethylsiloxane-Graphene Oxide Composite Receptor for the Biomimetic Thermal Sensing of Escherichia coli. ACS Sens 2022; 7:1467-1475. [PMID: 35537189 PMCID: PMC9150177 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
![]()
This work presents
an imprinted polymer-based thermal biomimetic
sensor for the detection of Escherichia coli. A novel
and facile bacteria imprinting protocol for polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)
films was investigated, and these receptor layers were functionalized
with graphene oxide (GO) in order to improve the overall sensitivity
of the sensor. Upon the recognition and binding of the target to the
densely imprinted polymers, a concentration-dependent measurable change
in temperature was observed. The limit of detection attained for the
sensor employing PDMS-GO imprints was 80 ± 10 CFU/mL, a full
order lower than neat PDMS imprints (670 ± 140 CFU/mL), illustrating
the beneficial effect of the dopant on the thermo-dynamical properties
of the interfacial layer. A parallel benchmarking of the thermal sensor
with a commercial impedance analyzer was performed in order to prove
the possibility of using the developed PDMS-GO receptors with multiple
readout platforms. Moreover, S. aureus, C.
sakazakii and an additional E. coli strain
were employed as analogue species for the assessment of the selectivity
of the device. Finally, because of the potential that this biomimetic
platform possesses as a low-cost, rapid, and on-site tool for monitoring E. coli contamination in food safety applications, spiked
fruit juice was analyzed as a real sample. Reproducible and sensitive
results fulfill the limit requirements of the applicable European
microbiological regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocio Arreguin-Campos
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kasper Eersels
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Renato Rogosic
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas J. Cleij
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hanne Diliën
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart van Grinsven
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Influence of design and material characteristics on 3D printed flow-cells for heat transfer-based analytical devices. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:73. [PMID: 35075499 PMCID: PMC8786792 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05163-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Redesigning 3D-printed flow cells is reported used for heat transfer based detection of biomolecules from a flow-through system to an addition-type measurement cell. The aim of this study is to assess the performance of this new measurement design and critically analyse the influence of material properties and 3D printing approach on thermal analysis. Particular attention is paid to reduce the time to stabilisation, the sample volume in order to make the technique suitable for clinical applications, and improving the sensitivity of the platform by decreasing the noise and interference of air bubbles. The three different approaches that were studied included a filament polylactic acid cell using only fused filament fabrication (FFF), a resin cell printed using stereolitography (SLA), and finally a design made of copper, which was manufactured by combining metal injection moulding (MIM) with fused filament fabrication (FFF). Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modelling was undertaken using ANSYS Fluent V18.1 to provide insight into the flow of heat within the measurement cell, facilitating optimisation of the system and theoretical response speed. It was shown that the measurement cells using SLA had the lowest noise (~ 0.6%) and shortest measurement time (15 min), whereas measurement cells produced using other approaches had lower specificity or suffered from voiding issues. Finally, we assessed the potential of these new designs for detection of biomolecules and amoxicillin, a commonly used beta lactam antibiotic, to demonstrate the proof of concept. It can be concluded that the resin addition-type measurement cells produced with SLA are an interesting affordable alternative, which were able to detect amoxicillin with high sensitivity and have great promise for clinical applications due to the disposable nature of the measurement cells in addition to small sample volumes.
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Williams RJ, Crapnell RD, Dempsey NC, Peeters M, Banks CE. Nano-molecularly imprinted polymers for serum creatinine sensing using the Heat Transfer Method. TALANTA OPEN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2022.100087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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Caldara M, Lowdon JW, Rogosic R, Arreguin-Campos R, Jimenez-Monroy KL, Heidt B, Tschulik K, Cleij TJ, Diliën H, Eersels K, van Grinsven B. Thermal Detection of Glucose in Urine Using a Molecularly Imprinted Polymer as a Recognition Element. ACS Sens 2021; 6:4515-4525. [PMID: 34825565 PMCID: PMC8715537 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c02223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Glucose bio-sensing
technologies have received increasing attention
in the last few decades, primarily due to the fundamental role that
glucose metabolism plays in diseases (e.g., diabetes). Molecularly
imprinted polymers (MIPs) could offer an alternative means of analysis
to a field that is traditionally dominated by enzyme-based devices,
posing superior chemical stability, cost-effectiveness, and ease of
fabrication. Their integration into sensing devices as recognition
elements has been extensively studied with different readout methods
such as quartz-crystal microbalance or impedance spectroscopy. In
this work, a dummy imprinting approach is introduced, describing the
synthesis
and optimization of a MIP toward the sensing of glucose. Integration
of this polymer into a thermally conductive receptor layer was achieved
by micro-contact deposition. In essence, the MIP particles are pressed
into a polyvinyl chloride adhesive layer using a polydimethylsiloxane
stamp. The prepared layer is then evaluated with the so-called heat-transfer
method, allowing the determination of the specificity and the sensitivity
of the receptor layer. Furthermore, the selectivity was assessed by
analyzing the thermal response after infusion with increasing concentrations
of different saccharide analogues in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS).
The obtained results show a linear range of the sensor of 0.0194–0.3300
mM for the detection of glucose in PBS. Finally, a potential application
of the sensor was demonstrated by exposing the receptor layer to increasing
concentrations of glucose in human urine samples, demonstrating a
linear range of 0.0444–0.3300 mM. The results obtained in this
paper highlight the applicability of the sensor both in terms of non-invasive
glucose monitoring and for the analysis of food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manlio Caldara
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joseph W. Lowdon
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Renato Rogosic
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rocio Arreguin-Campos
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kathia L. Jimenez-Monroy
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Heidt
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kristina Tschulik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Analytical Chemistry II, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, ZEMOS, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas J. Cleij
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hanne Diliën
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kasper Eersels
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart van Grinsven
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Shivshetty N, Swift T, Pinnock A, Pownall D, Neil SM, Douglas I, Garg P, Rimmer S. Evaluation of ligand modified poly (N-Isopropyl acrylamide) hydrogel for etiological diagnosis of corneal infection. Exp Eye Res 2021; 214:108881. [PMID: 34871569 PMCID: PMC9012892 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Corneal ulcers, a leading cause of blindness in the developing world are treated inappropriately without prior microbiology assessment because of issues related to availability or cost of accessing these services. In this work we aimed to develop a device for identifying the presence of Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria or fungi that can be used by someone without the need for a microbiology laboratory. Working with branched poly (N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAM) tagged with Vancomycin, Polymyxin B, or Amphotericin B to bind Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi respectively, grafted onto a single hydrogel we demonstrated specific binding of the organisms. The limit of detection of the microbes by these polymers was between 10 and 4 organisms per high power field (100X) for bacteria and fungi binding polymers respectively. Using ex vivo and animal cornea infection models infected with bacteria, fungi or both we than demonstrated that the triple functionalised hydrogel could pick up all 3 organisms after being in place for 30 min. To confirm the presence of bacteria and fungi we used conventional microbiology techniques and fluorescently labelled ligands or dyes. While we need to develop an easy-to-use either a colorimetric or an imaging system to detect the fluorescent signals, this study presents for the first time a simple to use hydrogel system, which can be applied to infected eyes and specifically binds different classes of infecting agents within a short space of time. Ultimately this diagnostic system will not require trained microbiologists for its use and will be used at the point-of-care. Functionalised branched Poly N-isopropyl acrylamide binds corneal ulcer causing microorganisms. The functionalised polymers demonstrated specific binding to gram positive, gram negative and fungi. Grafting three different polymers on a single hydrogel retained this specific binding for microorganisms. Triple functionalised hydrogels were effective in picking up microorganisms in ex-vivo and animal cornea infection models. Application for a duration of 30 min was sufficient to pick up enough organisms for subsequent identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagaveni Shivshetty
- Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500034, Telangana, India.
| | - Thomas Swift
- Polymer and Biomaterial Chemistry Laboratories, School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Abigail Pinnock
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HQ, UK
| | - David Pownall
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HQ, UK
| | - Sheila Mac Neil
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HQ, UK
| | - Ian Douglas
- School of Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK
| | - Prashant Garg
- Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500034, Telangana, India.
| | - Stephen Rimmer
- Polymer and Biomaterial Chemistry Laboratories, School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK
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11
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Crapnell RD, Street RJ, Ferreira-Silva V, Down MP, Peeters M, Banks CE. Electrospun Nylon Fibers with Integrated Polypyrrole Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for the Detection of Glucose. Anal Chem 2021; 93:13235-13241. [PMID: 34549586 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Electrospun nylon 6,6 fibers incorporating polypyrrole (PPy) molecular-imprinted polymers (MIPs) were produced for the selective detection of d-glucose using a thermal detection methodology. PPy MIPs were produced using a facile bulk synthesis approach and electrospun into intricate fibrous scaffolds giving a highly mass-producible sensing interface. The maximum incorporation of MIPs and greatest sensing performance was found to be 12.1 wt % in conjunction with the heat-transfer method (HTM), a low-cost and simple thermal detection method that measures changes in the thermal resistance at the solid-liquid interface. It is demonstrated that a 12.1% incorporation of MIPs into electrospun fibers produces the widest working linear range with a limit of detection of 0.10 ± 0.01 mM. There were no observed changes in the measured thermal resistance response to incubation with a series of structurally similar compounds, providing evidence toward the selectivity of the platform. Additionally, the sensing platform exhibited a linear working response to glucose samples in artificial sweat solutions in the biologically relevant range. This is the first report of the incorporation of MIPs into nylon 6,6 fibers for the detection of glucose and points toward the possibility of developing mass-producible electrospun fibers embedded with low-cost recognition elements of improved thermal and chemical stability for the application of wearable sensor technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D Crapnell
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, United Kingdom
| | - Ryan J Street
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, United Kingdom
| | - Valentine Ferreira-Silva
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institut National Des Sciences Appliquées Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Michael P Down
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, United Kingdom
| | - Marloes Peeters
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Merz Court, Claremond Road, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Craig E Banks
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, United Kingdom
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12
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Arreguin-Campos R, Eersels K, Lowdon JW, Rogosic R, Heidt B, Caldara M, Jiménez-Monroy KL, Diliën H, Cleij TJ, van Grinsven B. Biomimetic sensing of Escherichia coli at the solid-liquid interface: From surface-imprinted polymer synthesis toward real sample sensing in food safety. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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13
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McClements J, Seumo Tchekwagep PM, Vilela Strapazon AL, Canfarotta F, Thomson A, Czulak J, Johnson RE, Novakovic K, Losada-Pérez P, Zaman A, Spyridopoulos I, Crapnell RD, Banks CE, Peeters M. Immobilization of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Nanoparticles onto Surfaces Using Different Strategies: Evaluating the Influence of the Functionalized Interface on the Performance of a Thermal Assay for the Detection of the Cardiac Biomarker Troponin I. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:27868-27879. [PMID: 34110781 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that a novel functionalized interface, where molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (nanoMIPs) are attached to screen-printed graphite electrodes (SPEs), can be utilized for the thermal detection of the cardiac biomarker troponin I (cTnI). The ultrasensitive detection of the unique protein cTnI can be utilized for the early diagnosis of myocardial infraction (i.e., heart attacks), resulting in considerably lower patient mortality and morbidity. Our developed platform presents an innovative route to develop accurate, low-cost, and disposable sensors for the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases, specifically myocardial infraction. A reproducible and advantageous solid-phase approach was utilized to synthesize high-affinity nanoMIPs (average size = 71 nm) for cTnI, which served as synthetic receptors in a thermal sensing platform. To assess the performance and commercial potential of the sensor platform, various approaches were used to immobilize nanoMIPs onto thermocouples or SPEs: dip coating, drop casting, and a covalent approach relying on electrografting with an organic coupling reaction. Characterization of the nanoMIP-functionalized surfaces was performed with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Measurements from an in-house designed thermal setup revealed that covalent functionalization of nanoMIPs onto SPEs led to the most reproducible sensing capabilities. The proof of application was provided by measuring buffered solutions spiked with cTnI, which demonstrated that through monitoring changes in heat transfer at the solid-liquid interface, we can measure concentrations as low as 10 pg L-1, resulting in the most sensitive test of this type. Furthermore, preliminary data are presented for a prototype platform, which can detect cTnI with shorter measurement times and smaller sample volumes. The excellent sensor performance, versatility of the nanoMIPs, and reproducible and low-cost nature of the SPEs demonstrate that this sensor platform technology has a clear commercial route with high potential to contribute to sustainable healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake McClements
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Merz Court, Claremont Road, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K
| | - Patrick Marcel Seumo Tchekwagep
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Merz Court, Claremont Road, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, 812 Yaoundé Cameroon
| | - Ana Luiza Vilela Strapazon
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes, 580, São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Francesco Canfarotta
- MIP Diagnostics Ltd, The Exchange Building, Colworth Park, Sharnbrook, MK44 1LQ Bedford, U.K
| | - Alan Thomson
- MIP Diagnostics Ltd, The Exchange Building, Colworth Park, Sharnbrook, MK44 1LQ Bedford, U.K
| | - Joanna Czulak
- MIP Diagnostics Ltd, The Exchange Building, Colworth Park, Sharnbrook, MK44 1LQ Bedford, U.K
| | - Rhiannon E Johnson
- MIP Diagnostics Ltd, The Exchange Building, Colworth Park, Sharnbrook, MK44 1LQ Bedford, U.K
| | - Katarina Novakovic
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Merz Court, Claremont Road, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K
| | - Patricia Losada-Pérez
- Experimental Soft Matter and Thermal Physics (EST) Group, Department of Physics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Boulevard du Triomphe CP223, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Azfar Zaman
- Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital and Newcastle University, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, NE7 7DN Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K
| | - Ioakim Spyridopoulos
- Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital and Newcastle University, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, NE7 7DN Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K
| | - Robert D Crapnell
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, Chester Street, M1 5GD Manchester, U.K
| | - Craig E Banks
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, Chester Street, M1 5GD Manchester, U.K
| | - Marloes Peeters
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Merz Court, Claremont Road, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K
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14
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The hot-wire concept: Towards a one-element thermal biosensor platform. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 179:113043. [PMID: 33609951 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the 3ω hot-wire concept is explored as a prospective biosensing platform with a single sensing element that can detect analytes based on a change in the thermal interface conductance. A uniform receptor layer such as single-stranded DNA is immobilized on a thin aluminium wire, which serves not only as an immobilization platform but also as a heating element and temperature sensor together. The wire is heated periodically with an alternating current (angular frequency ω) and the third harmonic (frequency 3ω) of the voltage across the wire renders the efficiency of heat transfer from the wire to the surrounding medium. The amplitude of the 3ω voltage depends sensitively on the composition and conformation of the biofunctional interface layer. We illustrate this with a model system that includes blank aluminium wires, wires with silanes bound covalently to the native surface oxide, and with single-, respectively double-stranded DNA tethered to the silanes. The difference in heat-transfer due to these coatings is significant and measurable not only in a liquid but also in air. Based on this proof-of-concept, various applications come in sight such as mutation analysis and analyte detection with aptamers or molecularly-imprinted polymers as receptors. Wire materials other than aluminium are possible as well and the concept is suitable for miniaturization and parallelization.
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Zhang J, Wang Y, Lu X. Molecular imprinting technology for sensing foodborne pathogenic bacteria. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:4581-4598. [PMID: 33564924 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-03138-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Foodborne diseases caused by bacterial pathogens pose a widespread and growing threat to public health in the world. Rapid detection of pathogenic bacteria is of great importance to prevent foodborne diseases and ensure food safety. However, traditional detection methods are time-consuming, labour intensive and expensive. In recent years, many attempts have been made to develop alternative methods for bacterial detection. Biosensors integrated with molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs) and various transducer platforms are among the most promising candidates for the detection of pathogenic bacteria in a highly sensitive, selective and ultra-rapid manner. In this review, we summarize the most recent advances in molecular imprinting for bacterial detection, introduce the underlying recognition mechanisms and highlight the applications of MIP-based biosensors. In addition, the challenges and future perspectives are discussed with the aim of accelerating the development of MIP-based biosensors and extending their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbin Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Yixiang Wang
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Xiaonan Lu
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X 3V9, Canada.
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Li W, Zhang X, Li T, Ji Y, Li R. Molecularly imprinted polymer-enhanced biomimetic paper-based analytical devices: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1148:238196. [PMID: 33516379 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.12.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The popularization of paper-based analytical devices (PADs) in analytical science has fostered research on enhancing their analytical performance for accurate and sensitive assays. With their superb recognition capability and structural stability, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been extensively employed as biomimetic receptors for capturing target analytes in various complex matrices. The integration of MIPs as recognition elements with PADs (MIP-PADs) has opened new opportunities for advanced analytical devices with elevated selectivity and sensitivity, as well as a shorter assay time and a lower cost. This review covers recent advances in MIP-PAD fabrication and engineering based on multifarious signal transduction systems such as colorimetry, fluorescence, electrochemistry, photoelectrochemistry, and chemiluminescence. The application of MIP-PADs in the fields of biomedical diagnostics, environmental analysis, and food safety monitoring is also reviewed. Further, the advantages, challenges, and perspectives of MIP-PADs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Li
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xiaoyue Zhang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yibing Ji
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Ruijun Li
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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17
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Lowdon JW, Diliën H, Singla P, Peeters M, Cleij TJ, van Grinsven B, Eersels K. MIPs for commercial application in low-cost sensors and assays - An overview of the current status quo. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. B, CHEMICAL 2020; 325:128973. [PMID: 33012991 PMCID: PMC7525251 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2020.128973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have emerged over the past few decades as interesting synthetic alternatives due to their long-term chemical and physical stability and low-cost synthesis procedure. They have been integrated into many sensing platforms and assay formats for the detection of various targets, ranging from small molecules to macromolecular entities such as pathogens and whole cells. Despite the advantages MIPs have over natural receptors in terms of commercialization, the striking success stories of biosensor applications such as the glucose meter or the self-test for pregnancy have not been matched by MIP-based sensor or detection kits yet. In this review, we zoom in on the commercial potential of MIP technology and aim to summarize the latest developments in their commercialization and integration into sensors and assays with high commercial potential. We will also analyze which bottlenecks are inflicting with commercialization and how recent advances in commercial MIP synthesis could overcome these obstacles in order for MIPs to truly achieve their commercial potential in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph W Lowdon
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Hanne Diliën
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Pankaj Singla
- Department of Chemistry, UGC-Centre for advanced studies-1, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India
| | - Marloes Peeters
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Merz Court, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas J Cleij
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Bart van Grinsven
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Kasper Eersels
- Sensor Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
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18
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Dar KK, Shao S, Tan T, Lv Y. Molecularly imprinted polymers for the selective recognition of microorganisms. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 45:107640. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Xu J, Miao H, Wang J, Pan G. Molecularly Imprinted Synthetic Antibodies: From Chemical Design to Biomedical Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1906644. [PMID: 32101378 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201906644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Billions of dollars are invested into the monoclonal antibody market every year to meet the increasing demand in clinical diagnosis and therapy. However, natural antibodies still suffer from poor stability and high cost, as well as ethical issues in animal experiments. Thus, developing antibody substitutes or mimics is a long-term goal for scientists. The molecular imprinting technique presents one of the most promising strategies for antibody mimicking. The molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are also called "molecularly imprinted synthetic antibodies" (MISAs). The breakthroughs of key technologies and innovations in chemistry and material science in the last decades have led to the rapid development of MISAs, and their molecular affinity has become comparable to that of natural antibodies. Currently, MISAs are undergoing a revolutionary transformation of their applications, from initial adsorption and separation to the rising fields of biomedicine. Herein, the fundamental chemical design of MISAs is examined, and then current progress in biomedical applications is the focus. Meanwhile, the potential of MISAs as qualified substitutes or even to transcend the performance of natural antibodies is discussed from the perspective of frontier needs in biomedicines, to facilitate the rapid development of synthetic artificial antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Xu
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, P. R. China
- Sino-European School of Technology of Shanghai University, Shanghai University, Shanghai, CN-200444, P. R. China
| | - Haohan Miao
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Jixiang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science Laboratory, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, 20520, Finland
| | - Guoqing Pan
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, P. R. China
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Modified DNA Aptamers for C-Reactive Protein and Lactate Dehydrogenase-5 with Sub-Nanomolar Affinities. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082683. [PMID: 32294882 PMCID: PMC7215426 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human C-reactive protein (CRP) and lactate dehydrogenase are important markers in clinical laboratory testing-the former is used to detect in vivo inflammation, and the latter is used to detect cell necrosis and tissue destruction. We developed aptamers that bind to human CRP and human lactate dehydrogenase-5 (LDH-5) with high affinities (dissociation constants of 6.2 pM and 235 pM, respectively), applying the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) method, and by using a modified DNA library containing the following base-appended base modifications: analog adenine derivative at the fifth position of uracil (Uad), analog guanine derivative at the fifth position of uracil (Ugu), and analog adenine derivative at the seventh position of adenine (Aad). A potential application of these aptamers as sensor elements includes high-sensitivity target detection in point-of-care testing.
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Wackers G, Putzeys T, Peeters M, Van de Cauter L, Cornelis P, Wübbenhorst M, Tack J, Troost F, Verhaert N, Doll T, Wagner P. Towards a catheter-based impedimetric sensor for the assessment of intestinal histamine levels in IBS patients. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 158:112152. [PMID: 32275205 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we report on the development of a catheter-based sensor designed for measuring the concentration of histamine in the human duodenum. Certain gut disorders, such as the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), are associated with elevated levels of intestinal histamine due to chronic immune activation. As it is still impossible to determine histamine concentrations in vivo, a nasointestinal catheter with histamine-sensing capabilities has the potential to become a valuable diagnostic instrument. Regarding the sensing principle, we selected impedance spectroscopy using voltages that are compatible with intra-body applications with molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) as recognition elements. MIPs are synthetic receptors that offer the advantages of robustness, high specificity and selectivity for histamine as a target. In this specific case, the MIPs were synthesized from acryclic acid monomers, which guarantees a uniform binding capacity within the pH range of intestinal fluid. We have validated the catheter sensor on human intestinal liquids spiked with histamine in a testing setup that mimics the environment inside the duodenum. The dose-response curves show an analytical range between 5 and 200 nM of histamine, corresponding to physiologically normal conditions while higher concentrations correlate with disease. The key output signal of the sensor is the resistive component of the MIP-functionalized titanium electrodes as derived from the equivalent-circuit modelling of full-range impedance spectra. Future applications could be catheters tailored to cardiovascular, urological, gastrointestinal, and neurovascular applications. This, in combination with the versatility of the MIPs, will make this sensor platform a versatile diagnostic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gideon Wackers
- KU Leuven, Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Tristan Putzeys
- KU Leuven, Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Research Group Experimental Oto-rhino-laryngology, O&N II, Herestraat 49, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marloes Peeters
- Newcastle University, School of Engineering, Newcastle NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Lori Van de Cauter
- KU Leuven, Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Cornelis
- KU Leuven, Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michael Wübbenhorst
- KU Leuven, Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Tack
- KU Leuven, Translational Research in Gastrointestinal Disorders, O&N I, Herestraat 49, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Freddy Troost
- Food Innovation and Health, Centre for Healthy Eating and Food Innovation, Maastricht University, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Universiteitssingel 40, NL-6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Nicolas Verhaert
- KU Leuven, Research Group Experimental Oto-rhino-laryngology, O&N II, Herestraat 49, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Theodor Doll
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of AudioNeuroTechnology VIANNA, Stadtfelddamm 34, D-30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Patrick Wagner
- KU Leuven, Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
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Zaitseva SO, Baleeva NS, Zatsepin TS, Myasnyanko IN, Turaev AV, Pozmogova GE, Khrulev AA, Varizhuk AM, Baranov MS, Aralov AV. Short Duplex Module Coupled to G-Quadruplexes Increases Fluorescence of Synthetic GFP Chromophore Analogues. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20030915. [PMID: 32050425 PMCID: PMC7038953 DOI: 10.3390/s20030915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aptasensors became popular instruments in bioanalytical chemistry and molecular biology. To increase specificity, perspective signaling elements in aptasensors can be separated into a G-quadruplex (G4) part and a free fluorescent dye that lights up upon binding to the G4 part. However, current systems are limited by relatively low enhancement of fluorescence upon dye binding. Here, we added duplex modules to G4 structures, which supposedly cause the formation of a dye-binding cavity between two modules. Screening of multiple synthetic GFP chromophore analogues and variation of the duplex module resulted in the selection of dyes that light up after complex formation with two-module structures and their RNA analogues by up to 20 times compared to parent G4s. We demonstrated that the short duplex part in TBA25 is preferable for fluorescence light up in comparison to parent TBA15 molecule as well as TBA31 and TBA63 stabilized by longer duplexes. Duplex part of TBA25 may be partially unfolded and has reduced rigidity, which might facilitate optimal dye positioning in the joint between G4 and the duplex. We demonstrated dye enhancement after binding to modified TBA, LTR-III, and Tel23a G4 structures and propose that such architecture of short duplex-G4 signaling elements will enforce the development of improved aptasensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snizhana O. Zaitseva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia; (S.O.Z.); (N.S.B.); (I.N.M.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Nadezhda S. Baleeva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia; (S.O.Z.); (N.S.B.); (I.N.M.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Timofei S. Zatsepin
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 121205, Russia;
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Ivan N. Myasnyanko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia; (S.O.Z.); (N.S.B.); (I.N.M.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Anton V. Turaev
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow 119435, Russia; (A.V.T.); (G.E.P.); (A.M.V.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Galina E. Pozmogova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow 119435, Russia; (A.V.T.); (G.E.P.); (A.M.V.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Alexei A. Khrulev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia; (S.O.Z.); (N.S.B.); (I.N.M.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Anna M. Varizhuk
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow 119435, Russia; (A.V.T.); (G.E.P.); (A.M.V.)
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Moscow 119435, Russia
| | - Mikhail S. Baranov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia; (S.O.Z.); (N.S.B.); (I.N.M.); (A.A.K.)
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
- Correspondence: (M.S.B.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Andrey V. Aralov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia; (S.O.Z.); (N.S.B.); (I.N.M.); (A.A.K.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.B.); (A.V.A.)
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A Label-Free Fluorescent Aptasensor for Detection of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin A Based on Aptamer-Functionalized Silver Nanoclusters. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12010152. [PMID: 31936075 PMCID: PMC7023026 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) is a worldwide public health problem accounting for the majority of food poisoning which is produced by Staphylococcus aureus, threatening human health and leading to various foodborne diseases. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a sensitive detection method for SEA to ensure food safety and prevent foodborne diseases in humans. In this study, an adaptive fluorescence biosensor for the detection of staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) was designed and developed by combining DNA silver nanoclusters (DNA-AgNCs) with polypyrrole nanoparticles (PPyNPs). Fluorescent AgNCs, synthesized using aptamers as templates, were used as fluorescence probes, whose fluorescence was quenched by PPyNPs. In the presence of the target SEA, DNA-AgNCs were forced to desorb from the surface of PPyNPs through the binding of SEA with the aptamer-DNA-AgNCs, thereby resulting in fluorescence recovery. Under the optimized conditions, the relative fluorescence intensity (FI) showed a linear relationship with the SEA concentration in the range from 0.5 to 1000 ng/mL (Y = 1.4917X + 0.9100, R2 = 0.9948) with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.3393 ng/mL. The sensor was successfully used to evaluate the content of SEA in milk samples, and the recovery efficiency of SEA was between 87.70% and 94.65%. Thus, the sensor shows great potential for application in food analysis. In short, the proposed platform consisted of an aptamer fluorescent sensor that can be used for the ultrasensitive detection of various toxins by taking advantage of the excellent affinity and specificity of corresponding aptamers.
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24
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Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Cell Recognition. Trends Biotechnol 2019; 38:368-387. [PMID: 31677857 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Since their conception 50 years ago, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have seen extensive development both in terms of synthetic routes and applications. Cells are perhaps the most challenging target for molecular imprinting. Although early work was based almost entirely around microprinting methods, recent developments have shifted towards epitope imprinting to generate MIP nanoparticles (NPs). Simultaneously, the development of techniques such as solid phase MIP synthesis has solved many historic issues of MIP production. This review briefly describes various approaches used in cell imprinting with a focus on applications of the created materials in imaging, drug delivery, diagnostics, and tissue engineering.
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25
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Crapnell RD, Canfarotta F, Czulak J, Johnson R, Betlem K, Mecozzi F, Down MP, Eersels K, van Grinsven B, Cleij TJ, Law R, Banks CE, Peeters M. Thermal Detection of Cardiac Biomarkers Heart-Fatty Acid Binding Protein and ST2 Using a Molecularly Imprinted Nanoparticle-Based Multiplex Sensor Platform. ACS Sens 2019; 4:2838-2845. [PMID: 31571480 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b01666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript describes the production of molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (nanoMIPs) for the cardiac biomarkers heart-fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) and ST2 by solid-phase synthesis, and their use as synthetic antibodies in a multiplexed sensing platform. Analysis by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) shows that the affinity of the nanoMIPs is similar to that of commercially available antibodies. The particles are coated onto the surface of thermocouples and inserted into 3D-printed flow cells of different multiplexed designs. We demonstrate that it is possible to selectively detect both cardiac biomarkers within the physiologically relevant range. Furthermore, the developed sensor platform is the first example of a multiplex format of this thermal analysis technique which enables simultaneous measurements of two different compounds with minimal cross selectivity. The format where three thermocouples are positioned in parallel exhibits the highest sensitivity, which is explained by modeling the heat flow distribution within the flow cell. This design is used in further experiments and proof-of-application of the sensor platform is provided by measuring spiked fetal bovine serum samples. Because of the high selectivity, short measurement time, and low cost of this array format, it provides an interesting alternative to traditional immunoassays. The use of nanoMIPs enables a multimarker strategy, which has the potential to contribute to sustainable healthcare by improving the reliability of cardiac biomarker testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D. Crapnell
- Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, Chester Street, M1 5GD Manchester, U.K
| | - Francesco Canfarotta
- MIP Diagnostics Ltd., The Exchange Building, Colworth Park, Sharnbrook, MK44 1LQ Bedford, U.K
| | - Joanna Czulak
- MIP Diagnostics Ltd., The Exchange Building, Colworth Park, Sharnbrook, MK44 1LQ Bedford, U.K
| | - Rhiannon Johnson
- MIP Diagnostics Ltd., The Exchange Building, Colworth Park, Sharnbrook, MK44 1LQ Bedford, U.K
| | - Kai Betlem
- Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, Chester Street, M1 5GD Manchester, U.K
| | - Francesco Mecozzi
- Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, Chester Street, M1 5GD Manchester, U.K
| | - Michael P. Down
- Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, Chester Street, M1 5GD Manchester, U.K
| | - Kasper Eersels
- Sensor Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart van Grinsven
- Sensor Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas J. Cleij
- Sensor Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Richard Law
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Merz Court, NE1 7RU Newcastle Upon Tyne, U.K
| | - Craig E. Banks
- Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, Chester Street, M1 5GD Manchester, U.K
| | - Marloes Peeters
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Merz Court, NE1 7RU Newcastle Upon Tyne, U.K
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26
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Betlem K, Kaur A, Hudson AD, Crapnell RD, Hurst G, Singla P, Zubko M, Tedesco S, Banks CE, Whitehead K, Peeters M. Heat-Transfer Method: A Thermal Analysis Technique for the Real-Time Monitoring of Staphylococcus aureus Growth in Buffered Solutions and Digestate Samples. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:3790-3798. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Betlem
- Division of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, M15GD Manchester, U.K
| | - Amanpreet Kaur
- Division of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, M15GD Manchester, U.K
| | - Alexander D. Hudson
- Division of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, M15GD Manchester, U.K
| | - Robert D. Crapnell
- Division of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, M15GD Manchester, U.K
| | - George Hurst
- Division of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, M15GD Manchester, U.K
| | - Pankaj Singla
- Department of Chemistry, UGC-Centre for Advanced Studies-I, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India
| | - Mikhajlo Zubko
- Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, M15GD Manchester, U.K
| | - Silvia Tedesco
- Division of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, M15GD Manchester, U.K
| | - Craig E. Banks
- Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, M15GD Manchester, U.K
| | - Kathryn Whitehead
- Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, M15GD Manchester, U.K
| | - Marloes Peeters
- Newcastle University, School of Engineering, Merz Court, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
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27
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Khedri M, Ramezani M, Rafatpanah H, Abnous K. Detection of food-born allergens with aptamer-based biosensors. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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28
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Neethirajan S, Weng X, Tah A, Cordero J, Ragavan K. Nano-biosensor platforms for detecting food allergens – New trends. SENSING AND BIO-SENSING RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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29
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Betlem K, Down MP, Foster CW, Akthar S, Eersels K, van Grinsven B, Cleij TJ, Banks CE, Peeters M. Development of a Flexible MIP-Based Biosensor Platform for the Thermal Detection of Neurotransmitters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1557/adv.2017.634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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30
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Carvalho WSP, Wei M, Ikpo N, Gao Y, Serpe MJ. Polymer-Based Technologies for Sensing Applications. Anal Chem 2017; 90:459-479. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Menglian Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Nduka Ikpo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Yongfeng Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Michael J. Serpe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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31
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Single-Shot Detection of Neurotransmitters in Whole-Blood Samples by Means of the Heat-Transfer Method in Combination with Synthetic Receptors. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17122701. [PMID: 29168733 PMCID: PMC5751640 DOI: 10.3390/s17122701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Serotonin is an important neurotransmitter that plays a major role in the pathogenesis of a variety of conditions, including psychiatric disorders. The detection of serotonin typically relies on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), an expensive technique that requires sophisticated equipment and trained personnel, and is not suitable for point-of-care applications. In this contribution, we introduce a novel sensor platform that can measure spiked neurotransmitter concentrations in whole blood samples in a fast and low-cost manner by combining synthetic receptors with a thermal readout technique—the heat-transfer method. In addition, the design of a miniaturized version of the sensing platform is presented that aims to bridge the gap between measurements in a laboratory setting and point-of-care measurements. This fully automated and integrated, user-friendly design features a capillary pumping unit that is compatible with point-of-care sampling techniques such as a blood lancet device (sample volume—between 50 µL and 300 µL). Sample pre-treatment is limited to the addition of an anti-coagulant. With this fully integrated setup, it is possible to successfully discriminate serotonin from a competitor neurotransmitter (histamine) in whole blood samples. This is the first demonstration of a point-of-care ready device based on synthetic receptors for the screening of neurotransmitters in complex matrices, illustrating the sensor’s potential application in clinical research and diagnosis of e.g., early stage depression.
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32
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Qu X, Li M, Zhang H, Lin C, Wang F, Xiao M, Zhou Y, Shi J, Aldalbahi A, Pei H, Chen H, Li L. Real-Time Continuous Identification of Greenhouse Plant Pathogens Based on Recyclable Microfluidic Bioassay System. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:31568-31575. [PMID: 28858468 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b10116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The development of a real-time continuous analytical platform for the pathogen detection is of great scientific importance for achieving better disease control and prevention. In this work, we report a rapid and recyclable microfluidic bioassay system constructed from oligonucleotide arrays for selective and sensitive continuous identification of DNA targets of fungal pathogens. We employ the thermal denaturation method to effectively regenerate the oligonucleotide arrays for multiple sample detection, which could considerably reduce the screening effort and costs. The combination of thermal denaturation and laser-induced fluorescence detection technique enables real-time continuous identification of multiple samples (<10 min per sample). As a proof of concept, we have demonstrated that two DNA targets of fungal pathogens (Botrytis cinerea and Didymella bryoniae) can be sequentially analyzed using our rapid microfluidic bioassay system, which provides a new paradigm in the design of microfluidic bioassay system and will be valuable for chemical and biomedical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangmeng Qu
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology of Xiamen University, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University , Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Min Li
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University , Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Åbo Akademi University , Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Chenglie Lin
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- Division of Physical Biology & Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201800, P. R. China
| | - Mingshu Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University , Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhou
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Jiye Shi
- UCB Pharma, 208 Bath Road, Slough SL1 3WE, U.K
| | - Ali Aldalbahi
- Chemistry Department, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hao Pei
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University , Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology of Xiamen University, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Li Li
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University , Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
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33
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Steen Redeker E, Eersels K, Akkermans O, Royakkers J, Dyson S, Nurekeyeva K, Ferrando B, Cornelis P, Peeters M, Wagner P, Diliën H, van Grinsven B, Cleij TJ. Biomimetic Bacterial Identification Platform Based on Thermal Wave Transport Analysis (TWTA) through Surface-Imprinted Polymers. ACS Infect Dis 2017; 3:388-397. [PMID: 28388095 PMCID: PMC5432958 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.7b00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
![]()
This
paper introduces a novel bacterial identification assay based on thermal
wave analysis through surface-imprinted polymers (SIPs). Aluminum
chips are coated with SIPs, serving as synthetic cell receptors that
have been combined previously with the heat-transfer method (HTM)
for the selective detection of bacteria. In this work, the concept
of bacterial identification is extended toward the detection of nine
different bacterial species. In addition, a novel sensing approach,
thermal wave transport analysis (TWTA), is introduced, which analyzes
the propagation of a thermal wave through a functional interface.
The results presented here demonstrate that bacterial rebinding to
the SIP layer resulted in a measurable phase shift in the propagated
wave, which is most pronounced at a frequency of 0.03 Hz. In this
way, the sensor is able to selectively distinguish between the different
bacterial species used in this study. Furthermore, a dose–response
curve was constructed to determine a limit of detection of 1 ×
104 CFU mL–1, indicating that TWTA is
advantageous over HTM in terms of sensitivity and response time. Additionally,
the limit of selectivity of the sensor was tested in a mixed bacterial
solution, containing the target species in the presence of a 99-fold
excess of competitor species. Finally, a first application for the
sensor in terms of infection diagnosis is presented, revealing that
the platform is able to detect bacteria in clinically relevant concentrations
as low as 3 × 104 CFU mL–1 in spiked
urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Steen Redeker
- Maastricht Science
Programme, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kasper Eersels
- Maastricht Science
Programme, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Soft-Matter
Physics and Biophysics Section, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Onno Akkermans
- Maastricht Science
Programme, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Royakkers
- Maastricht Science
Programme, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Simba Dyson
- Maastricht Science
Programme, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kunya Nurekeyeva
- Maastricht Science
Programme, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Beniamino Ferrando
- Maastricht Science
Programme, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Cornelis
- Soft-Matter
Physics and Biophysics Section, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marloes Peeters
- Faculty of Science and
Engineering, School of Science and the Environment, Division of Chemistry
and Environmental Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Wagner
- Soft-Matter
Physics and Biophysics Section, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hanne Diliën
- Maastricht Science
Programme, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart van Grinsven
- Maastricht Science
Programme, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Jan Cleij
- Maastricht Science
Programme, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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34
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Diliën H, Peeters M, Royakkers J, Harings J, Cornelis P, Wagner P, Steen Redeker E, Banks CE, Eersels K, van Grinsven B, Cleij TJ. Label-Free Detection of Small Organic Molecules by Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Functionalized Thermocouples: Toward In Vivo Applications. ACS Sens 2017; 2:583-589. [PMID: 28480332 PMCID: PMC5414145 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), synthetic polymeric receptors, have been combined successfully with thermal transducers for the detection of small molecules in recent years. However, up until now they have been combined with planar electrodes which limits their use for in vivo applications. In this work, a new biosensor platform is developed by roll-coating MIP particles onto thermocouples, functionalized with polylactic acid (PLLA). As a first proof-of-principle, MIPs for the neurotransmitter dopamine were incorporated into PLLA-coated thermocouples. The response of the synthetic receptor layer to an increasing concentration of dopamine in buffer was analyzed using a homemade heat-transfer setup. Binding of the template to the MIP layer blocks the heat transport through the thermocouple, leading to less heat loss to the environment and an overall higher temperature in the measuring chamber. The measured temperature increase is correlated to the neurotransmitter concentration, which enables measurement of dopamine levels in the micromolar regime. To demonstrate the general applicability of the proposed biosensor platform, thermocouples were functionalized with similar MIPs for cortisol and serotonin, indicating a similar response and limit-of-detection. As the platform does not require planar electrodes, it can easily be integrated in, e.g., a catheter. In this way, it is an excellent fit for the current niche in the market of therapeutics and diagnostics. Moreover, the use of a biocompatible and disposable PLLA-layer further illustrates its potential for in vivo diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Diliën
- Maastricht
University, Maastricht Science Programme, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marloes Peeters
- Manchester
Metropolitan University, Faculty of Science
and Engineering, School of Science and the Environment, Division of
Chemistry and Environmental Science, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, United Kingdom
| | - Jeroen Royakkers
- Maastricht
University, Maastricht Science Programme, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jules Harings
- Maastricht
University, Faculty of Humanities and Sciences,
Department of Biobased Materials, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD, Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Cornelis
- KU
Leuven, Soft-Matter Physics and Biophysics
Section, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Wagner
- KU
Leuven, Soft-Matter Physics and Biophysics
Section, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erik Steen Redeker
- Maastricht
University, Maastricht Science Programme, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Craig E. Banks
- Manchester
Metropolitan University, Faculty of Science
and Engineering, School of Science and the Environment, Division of
Chemistry and Environmental Science, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, United Kingdom
| | - Kasper Eersels
- Maastricht
University, Maastricht Science Programme, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
- KU
Leuven, Soft-Matter Physics and Biophysics
Section, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart van Grinsven
- Maastricht
University, Maastricht Science Programme, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas J. Cleij
- Maastricht
University, Maastricht Science Programme, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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35
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Heat Transfer as a New Sensing Technique for the Label-Free Detection of Biomolecules. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/5346_2017_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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36
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Kubo T, Otsuka K. Recent progress for the selective pharmaceutical analyses using molecularly imprinted adsorbents and their related techniques: A review. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 130:68-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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37
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Eersels K, Lieberzeit P, Wagner P. A Review on Synthetic Receptors for Bioparticle Detection Created by Surface-Imprinting Techniques—From Principles to Applications. ACS Sens 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.6b00572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kasper Eersels
- KU Leuven, Soft-Matter Physics and Biophysics
Section, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Lieberzeit
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Chemistry, Department
of Physical Chemistry, Währinger Straße 38, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Wagner
- KU Leuven, Soft-Matter Physics and Biophysics
Section, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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38
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van Grinsven B, Betlem K, Cleij T, Banks C, Peeters M. Evaluating the potential of thermal read-out techniques combined with molecularly imprinted polymers for the sensing of low-weight organic molecules. J Mol Recognit 2016; 30. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B. van Grinsven
- Maastricht Science Programme; Maastricht University; Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - K. Betlem
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Science and the Environment, Division of Chemistry and Environmental Science; Manchester Metropolitan University; Manchester UK
| | - T.J. Cleij
- Maastricht Science Programme; Maastricht University; Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - C.E. Banks
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Science and the Environment, Division of Chemistry and Environmental Science; Manchester Metropolitan University; Manchester UK
| | - M. Peeters
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Science and the Environment, Division of Chemistry and Environmental Science; Manchester Metropolitan University; Manchester UK
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39
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van Grinsven B, Eersels K, Akkermans O, Ellermann S, Kordek A, Peeters M, Deschaume O, Bartic C, Diliën H, Steen Redeker E, Wagner P, Cleij TJ. Label-Free Detection of Escherichia coli Based on Thermal Transport through Surface Imprinted Polymers. ACS Sens 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.6b00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bart van Grinsven
- Maastricht University, Maastricht Science Programme, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kasper Eersels
- KU Leuven, Soft-Matter Physics and Biophysics
Section, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Onno Akkermans
- Maastricht University, Maastricht Science Programme, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sophie Ellermann
- Maastricht University, Maastricht Science Programme, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Aleksandra Kordek
- Maastricht University, Maastricht Science Programme, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marloes Peeters
- Faculty
of Science and Engineering, School of Science and the Environment,
Division of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, United Kingdom
| | - Olivier Deschaume
- KU Leuven, Soft-Matter Physics and Biophysics
Section, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carmen Bartic
- KU Leuven, Soft-Matter Physics and Biophysics
Section, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hanne Diliën
- Maastricht University, Maastricht Science Programme, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Steen Redeker
- Maastricht University, Maastricht Science Programme, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Wagner
- KU Leuven, Soft-Matter Physics and Biophysics
Section, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas J. Cleij
- Maastricht University, Maastricht Science Programme, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Introducing Thermal Wave Transport Analysis (TWTA): A Thermal Technique for Dopamine Detection by Screen-Printed Electrodes Functionalized with Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) Particles. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21050552. [PMID: 27128891 PMCID: PMC6272947 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21050552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel procedure is developed for producing bulk modified Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) screen-printed electrodes (SPEs), which involves the direct mixing of the polymer particles within the screen-printed ink. This allowed reduction of the sample preparation time from 45 min to 1 min, and resulted in higher reproducibility of the electrodes. The samples are measured with a novel detection method, namely, thermal wave transport analysis (TWTA), relying on the analysis of thermal waves through a functional interface. As a first proof-of-principle, MIPs for dopamine are developed and successfully incorporated within a bulk modified MIP SPE. The detection limits of dopamine within buffer solutions for the MIP SPEs are determined via three independent techniques. With cyclic voltammetry this was determined to be 4.7 × 10−6 M, whereas by using the heat-transfer method (HTM) 0.35 × 10−6 M was obtained, and with the novel TWTA concept 0.26 × 10−6 M is possible. This TWTA technique is measured simultaneously with HTM and has the benefits of reducing measurement time to less than 5 min and increasing effect size by nearly a factor of two. The two thermal methods are able to enhance dopamine detection by one order of magnitude compared to the electrochemical method. In previous research, it was not possible to measure neurotransmitters in complex samples with HTM, but with the improved signal-to-noise of TWTA for the first time, spiked dopamine concentrations were determined in a relevant food sample. In summary, novel concepts are presented for both the sensor functionalization side by employing screen-printing technology, and on the sensing side, the novel TWTA thermal technique is reported. The developed bio-sensing platform is cost-effective and suitable for mass-production due to the nature of screen-printing technology, which makes it very interesting for neurotransmitter detection in clinical diagnostic applications.
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Molecularly imprinted polymers as recognition materials for electronic tongues. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 74:856-64. [PMID: 26233642 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
For over three decades now, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have successfully been used for selective chemical sensing because the shape and size of their imprinted molecular cavities perfectly matched those of the target analyte molecules. Moreover, orientation of recognizing sites of these cavities corresponded to those of the binding sites of the template molecules. In contrast, electronic tongue (e-tongue) is usually an array of low-affinity recognition units. Its selectivity is based on recognition pattern or multivariate analysis. Merging these two sensing devices led to a synergetic hybrid sensor, an MIP based e-tongue. Fabrication of these e-tongues permitted simultaneous sensing and discriminating several analytes in complex solutions of many components so that these arrays compensated for limitation in cross-reactivity of MIPs. Apparently, analytical signals generated by MIP-based e-tongues, compared to those of ordinary sensor arrays, were more reliable where a unique pattern or 'fingerprint' for each analyte was generated. Additionally, several transduction platforms (from spectroscopic to electrochemical) engaged in constructing MIP-based e-tongues, found their broad and flexible applications. The present review critically evaluates achievements in recent developments of the MIP based e-tongues for chemosensing.
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Peeters M, van Grinsven B, Cleij TJ, Jiménez-Monroy KL, Cornelis P, Pérez-Ruiz E, Wackers G, Thoelen R, De Ceuninck W, Lammertyn J, Wagner P. Label-free Protein Detection Based on the Heat-Transfer Method--A Case Study with the Peanut Allergen Ara h 1 and Aptamer-Based Synthetic Receptors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:10316-10323. [PMID: 25916249 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b00994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Aptamers are an emerging class of molecules that, because of the development of the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) process, can recognize virtually every target ranging from ions, to proteins, and even whole cells. Although there are many techniques capable of detecting template molecules with aptamer-based systems with high specificity and selectivity, they lack the possibility of integrating them into a compact and portable biosensor setup. Therefore, we will present the heat-transfer method (HTM) as an interesting alternative because this offers detection in a fast and low-cost manner and has the possibility of performing experiments with a fully integrated device. This concept has been demonstrated for a variety of applications including DNA mutation analysis and screening of cancer cells. To the best our knowledge, this is the first report on HTM-based detection of proteins, in this case specifically with aptamer-type receptors. For proof-of-principle purposes, measurements will be performed with the peanut allergen Ara h 1 and results indicate detection limits in the lower nanomolar regime in buffer liquid. As a first proof-of-application, spiked Ara h 1 solutions will be studied in a food matrix of dissolved peanut butter. Reference experiments with the quartz-crystal microbalance will allow for an estimate of the areal density of aptamer molecules on the sensor-chip surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marloes Peeters
- †Institute for Materials Research, Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- ‡School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Bart van Grinsven
- §Maastricht Science Programme, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas J Cleij
- §Maastricht Science Programme, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Peter Cornelis
- ∥Department of Physics and Astronomy, Soft-Matter and Biophysics Section, Catholic University Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elena Pérez-Ruiz
- #BIOSYST-MeBioS, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Willem de Crooylan 42, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gideon Wackers
- †Institute for Materials Research, Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- ∥Department of Physics and Astronomy, Soft-Matter and Biophysics Section, Catholic University Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ronald Thoelen
- †Institute for Materials Research, Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- ⊥Division IMOMEC, IMEC v.z.w. , Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Ward De Ceuninck
- †Institute for Materials Research, Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- ⊥Division IMOMEC, IMEC v.z.w. , Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Lammertyn
- #BIOSYST-MeBioS, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Willem de Crooylan 42, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Wagner
- †Institute for Materials Research, Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- ∥Department of Physics and Astronomy, Soft-Matter and Biophysics Section, Catholic University Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Xu J, Zhu Z, Xue H. Porous polystyrene-block-poly(acrylic acid)/hemoglobin membrane formed by dually driven self-assembly and electrochemical application. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:8852-8858. [PMID: 25844918 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b01487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrated a facile method to form a porous polymeric membrane, immobilizing a biocatalyst. A polyelectrolyte-based amphiphilic diblock copolymer, i.e., polystyrene-block-poly(acrylic acid) (PS-b-PAA), self-assembled with hemoglobin (Hb) dually driven by charge and amphiphilicity during solution-casting and evaporation. XPS and contact angle measurements suggested that the PS block enriched on the membrane surface. The PAA block pointed toward the internal membrane as well as ordered the Hb arrangement at the interface of the polymer and electrode. The obtained PS-b-PAA/Hb electrode showed a remarkably enhanced direct electron transfer (ET), which was revealed to be a surface-controlled process accompanied by single-proton transfer. The membrane was tested to catalyze the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, and exhibited an excellent reproducibility and stability. This method with a charge and amphiphilicity dually driven (CADD) self-assembly opened up a new way to construct a third-generation electrochemical biosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, China
| | - Zhengxi Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, China
| | - Huaiguo Xue
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, China
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Eersels K, van Grinsven B, Khorshid M, Somers V, Püttmann C, Stein C, Barth S, Diliën H, Bos GMJ, Germeraad WTV, Cleij TJ, Thoelen R, De Ceuninck W, Wagner P. Heat-transfer-method-based cell culture quality assay through cell detection by surface imprinted polymers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:2043-2050. [PMID: 25654744 DOI: 10.1021/la5046173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Previous work has indicated that surface imprinted polymers (SIPs) allow for highly specific cell detection through macromolecular cell imprints. The combination of SIPs with a heat-transfer-based read-out technique has led to the development of a selective, label-free, low-cost, and user-friendly cell detection assay. In this study, the breast cancer cell line ZR-75-1 is used to assess the potential of the platform for monitoring the quality of a cell culture in time. For this purpose, we show that the proposed methodology is able to discriminate between the original cell line (adherent growth, ZR-75-1a) and a descendant cell line (suspension growth, ZR-75-1s). Moreover, ZR-75-1a cells were cultured for a prolonged period of time and analyzed using the heat-transfer method (HTM) at regular time intervals. The results of these experiments demonstrate that the thermal resistance (Rth) signal decays after a certain number of cell culture passages. This can likely be attributed to a compromised quality of the cell culture due to cross-contamination with the ZR-75-1s cell line, a finding that was confirmed by classical STR DNA profiling. The cells do not express the same functional groups on their membrane, resulting in a weaker bond between cell and imprint, enabling cell removal by mechanical friction, provided by flushing the measuring chamber with buffer solution. These findings were further confirmed by HTM and illustrate that the biomimetic sensor platform can be used as an assay for monitoring the quality of cell cultures in time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper Eersels
- Hasselt University , Institute for Materials Research IMO, Wetenschapspark 1, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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