1
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Wang Y, Ma Y, Ni E, Jiang Y, Li H. Effect of Nitrogen Atoms on Structures and Electron Transport of N-heteropentacenes Devices. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202200177. [PMID: 35491471 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Pentacene polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are the most promising organic semiconductor materials among aromatic compounds due to their potential optoelectronic properties. Introducing N atoms into the main chain of pentacene is supposed to tune the electronic structure and develop new high-performance organic molecular devices. Herein, we have investigated the electron transport properties of N-heteropentacene consisting of different numbers, positions, and valence states of N atoms using density functional theory (DFT) and nonequilibrium Green's function (NEGF) method. The results show that the transport properties of N-heteropentacene are strongly dependent on whether the C-N is a single or double bond. For devices with C-N double bonds, the behavior of current changes with voltage is consistent, and its electron transport properties are independent of the number and position of N atoms. Compared to C-N double bonds devices, C-N single-bond devices have an earlier negative differential resistance (NDR) effect and exhibit significant rectification effects. Moreover, threshold voltages exist within certain bias voltages for different numbers of N atoms in C-N single-bonds devices, and even a second NDR effect will occur. These studies guide to design of performance-enhancing molecular devices by manipulating the molecular structure of N-heteropentacene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Wang
- Shandong University, School of materials science and Engineering, CHINA
| | - Yingjie Ma
- Shandong University, School of materials science and Engineering, CHINA
| | - Erli Ni
- Shandong University, School of materials science and Engineering, CHINA
| | - Yanyan Jiang
- Shandong University, School of materials science and Engineering, CHINA
| | - Hui Li
- Shandong University, Jinshi road 17923, CHINA
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2
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Jiang H, Zhu S, Cui Z, Li Z, Liang Y, Zhu J, Hu P, Zhang HL, Hu W. High-performance five-ring-fused organic semiconductors for field-effect transistors. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:3071-3122. [PMID: 35319036 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01136g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Organic molecular semiconductors have been paid great attention due to their advantages of low-temperature processability, low fabrication cost, good flexibility, and excellent electronic properties. As a typical example of five-ring-fused organic semiconductors, a single crystal of pentacene shows a high mobility of up to 40 cm2 V-1 s-1, indicating its potential application in organic electronics. However, the photo- and optical instabilities of pentacene make it unsuitable for commercial applications. But, molecular engineering, for both the five-ring-fused building block and side chains, has been performed to improve the stability of materials as well as maintain high mobility. Here, several groups (thiophenes, pyrroles, furans, etc.) are introduced to design and replace one or more benzene rings of pentacene and construct novel five-ring-fused organic semiconductors. In this review article, ∼500 five-ring-fused organic prototype molecules and their derivatives are summarized to provide a general understanding of this catalogue material for application in organic field-effect transistors. The results indicate that many five-ring-fused organic semiconductors can achieve high mobilities of more than 1 cm2 V-1 s-1, and a hole mobility of up to 18.9 cm2 V-1 s-1 can be obtained, while an electron mobility of 27.8 cm2 V-1 s-1 can be achieved in five-ring-fused organic semiconductors. The HOMO-LUMO levels, the synthesis process, the molecular packing, and the side-chain engineering of five-ring-fused organic semiconductors are analyzed. The current problems, conclusions, and perspectives are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Shengli Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072, China.
| | - Zhenduo Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072, China.
| | - Zhaoyang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072, China.
| | - Yanqin Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072, China.
| | - Jiamin Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072, China.
| | - Peng Hu
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Hao-Li Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. .,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou 350207, China
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3
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Kotwica K, Wielgus I, Proń A. Azaacenes Based Electroactive Materials: Preparation, Structure, Electrochemistry, Spectroscopy and Applications-A Critical Review. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14185155. [PMID: 34576378 PMCID: PMC8472324 DOI: 10.3390/ma14185155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This short critical review is devoted to the synthesis and functionalization of various types of azaacenes, organic semiconducting compounds which can be considered as promising materials for the fabrication of n-channel or ambipolar field effect transistors (FETs), components of active layers in light emitting diodes (LEDs), components of organic memory devices and others. Emphasis is put on the diversity of azaacenes preparation methods and the possibility of tuning their redox and spectroscopic properties by changing the C/N ratio, modifying the nitrogen atoms distribution mode, functionalization with electroaccepting or electrodonating groups and changing their molecular shape. Processability, structural features and degradation pathways of these compounds are also discussed. A unique feature of this review concerns the listed redox potentials of all discussed compounds which were normalized vs. Fc/Fc+. This required, in frequent cases, recalculation of the originally reported data in which these potentials were determined against different types of reference electrodes. The same applied to all reported electron affinities (EAs). EA values calculated using different methods were recalculated by applying the method of Sworakowski and co-workers (Org. Electron. 2016, 33, 300-310) to yield, for the first time, a set of normalized data, which could be directly compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Kotwica
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Ireneusz Wielgus
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warszawa, Poland; (I.W.); (A.P.)
| | - Adam Proń
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warszawa, Poland; (I.W.); (A.P.)
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4
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Puli VS, Kilaru S, Bhongiri Y, Marri SR, Tripathi A, Chetti P, Chatterjee A, Vukoti KK, Pola S. New indolo[1,2‐
c
]quinazolines for single‐crystal field‐effect transistor: A united experimental and theoretical studies. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Venkat Swamy Puli
- Department of Chemistry Koneru Lakshmaih Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram Guntur India
| | - Suresh Kilaru
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Science Osmania University Hyderabad India
| | - Yadagiri Bhongiri
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Science Osmania University Hyderabad India
| | | | - Anuj Tripathi
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra India
| | - Prabhakar Chetti
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra India
| | - Anindita Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry Koneru Lakshmaih Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram Guntur India
- Department of chemistry Raghu Engineering College Visakhapatnam India
| | - Kiran Kumar Vukoti
- Department of Chemistry Koneru Lakshmaih Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram Guntur India
| | - Someshwar Pola
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Science Osmania University Hyderabad India
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5
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Thusek J, Hoffmann M, Hübner O, Germer S, Hoffmann H, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF, Dreuw A, Himmel HJ. High-Resolution Electronic Excitation and Emission Spectra of Pentacene and 6,13-Diazapentacene Monomers and Weakly Bound Dimers by Matrix-Isolation Spectroscopy. Chemistry 2021; 27:2072-2081. [PMID: 32902008 PMCID: PMC7898606 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
N-Heteropolycycles are among the most promising candidates for applications in organic devices. For this purpose, a profound understanding of the low-energy electronic absorbance and emission characteristics is of crucial importance. Herein, we report high-resolution absorbance and fluorescence spectra of pentacene (PEN) and 6,13-diazapentacene (DAP) in solid neon obtained using the matrix-isolation technique. Accompanying DFT calculations allow the assignment of specific vibrationally resolved signals to corresponding modes. Furthermore, we present for the first time evidence for the formation of van der Waals dimers of both substances. These dimers exhibit significantly different optical characteristics resulting from the change of electronic properties evoked by the incorporation of sp2 nitrogen into the molecular backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Thusek
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 275, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marvin Hoffmann
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olaf Hübner
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 275, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Germer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 275, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hendrik Hoffmann
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe H F Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 275, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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6
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Chou TC, Cheng JF, Gholap AR, Huang JJK, Chen JC, Huang JK, Tseng JC. Aromatization-driven Grob-fragmentation approach toward polyazaacenes. Synthesis and amination of multi-functionalized diazapentacenes. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.130689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Nagahora N, Kushida T, Shioji K, Okuma K. Dicationic Heteroacenes Containing Thio- or Selenopyrylium Moieties. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noriyoshi Nagahora
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kushida
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Kosei Shioji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Kentaro Okuma
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
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8
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Guevara-Level P, Pascal S, Siri O, Jacquemin D. First principles investigation of the spectral properties of neutral, zwitterionic, and bis-cationic azaacenes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:22910-22918. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04835a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
An in-depth investigation of the optical properties of recently-synthesized linear azaacene derivatives of various electronic nature (neutral, dicationic, and zwitterionic) is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon Pascal
- Aix Marseille Université
- CNRS UMR 7325
- CINAM
- Marseille 13288 Cedex 09
- France
| | - Olivier Siri
- Laboratoire CEISAM-UMR CNRS 6230
- Université de Nantes
- 44322 Nantes Cedex 3
- France
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Laboratoire CEISAM-UMR CNRS 6230
- Université de Nantes
- 44322 Nantes Cedex 3
- France
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9
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Li G, Zhao J, Yang S, Li Y, Rakesh G, Zhang Q. Photooxidation of a Twisted Isoquinolinone. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:250-254. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201701674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong; Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes; Ministry of Education, Institute of Materials and Clean Energy; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals; Shandong Normal University; Jinan 250014 P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Jianfeng Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 639798 Singapore
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech); 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Shufan Yang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong; Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes; Ministry of Education, Institute of Materials and Clean Energy; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals; Shandong Normal University; Jinan 250014 P. R. China
| | - Yongxin Li
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Ganguly Rakesh
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Qichun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 639798 Singapore
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 639798 Singapore
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10
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Müller L, Hübner EG, Burzlaff N. Reinvestigation of the Synthesis of Hydroxy-Functionalized Diazapentacene: Unexpected Formation of a Phenoxazinone. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Müller
- Inorganic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Eike G. Hübner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Clausthal University of Technology; Leibnizstraße 6 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld Germany
| | - Nicolai Burzlaff
- Inorganic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
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11
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Tao YT, Pola S, Kumar S, Islam MM. Synthesis and Characterization of Contorted Pentabenzo-Fused Coronenes as Semiconducting Materials. J Org Chem 2017; 82:8067-8071. [PMID: 28697601 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of a series of contorted, yet noncentrosymmetrical, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with a pentabenzo-fused coronene as the core framework. The parent pentabenzo[a,d,g,j,m]coronene (PBC) compound is shown to exhibit a shifted and rotated type of π-π stacking interactions, which render this series a semiconducting material. Single-crystal-based field-effect transistor devices of PBC exhibited efficient charge transport behavior, giving a p-channel field-effect mobility of 0.42 cm2 V-1 s-1 and an on/off ratio of 105.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tai Tao
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica , Taipei, Taiwan, ROC , 11529
| | - Someshwar Pola
- Department of Chemistry, Nizam College, Osmania University , Hyderabad, 500001, India
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica , Taipei, Taiwan, ROC , 11529
| | - M Minarul Islam
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica , Taipei, Taiwan, ROC , 11529
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12
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Shan B, Miao Q. Molecular design of n-type organic semiconductors for high-performance thin film transistors. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Ho MT, Tao YT. Effect of Bending on the Electrical Characteristics of Flexible Organic Single Crystal-based Field-effect Transistors. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 27842339 DOI: 10.3791/54651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The charge transport in an organic semiconductor depends highly on the molecular packing in the crystal, which influences the electronic coupling immensely. However, in soft electronics, in which organic semiconductors play a critical role, the devices will be bent or folded repeatedly. The effect of bending on the crystal packing and thus the charge transport is crucial to the performance of the device. In this manuscript, we describe the protocol to bend a single crystal of 5,7,12,16-tetrachloro-6,13-diazapentacene (TCDAP) in the field-effect transistor configuration and to obtain reproducible I-V characteristics upon bending the crystal. The results show that bending a field-effect transistor prepared on a flexible substrate results in nearly reversible yet opposite trends in charge mobility, depending on the bending direction. The mobility increases when the device is bent toward the top gate/dielectric layer (upward, compressive state) and decreases when bent toward the crystal/substrate side (downward, tensile state). The effect of bending curvature was also observed, with greater mobility change resulting from higher bending curvature. It is suggested that the intermolecular π-π distance changes upon bending, thereby influencing the electronic coupling and the subsequent carrier transport ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Tzu Ho
- Institution of Chemistry, Academia Sinica; Department of Chemistry, National Central University
| | - Yu-Tai Tao
- Institution of Chemistry, Academia Sinica;
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14
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Schober C, Reuter K, Oberhofer H. Critical analysis of fragment-orbital DFT schemes for the calculation of electronic coupling values. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:054103. [PMID: 26851904 DOI: 10.1063/1.4940920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a critical analysis of the popular fragment-orbital density-functional theory (FO-DFT) scheme for the calculation of electronic coupling values. We discuss the characteristics of different possible formulations or "flavors" of the scheme which differ by the number of electrons in the calculation of the fragments and the construction of the Hamiltonian. In addition to two previously described variants based on neutral fragments, we present a third version taking a different route to the approximate diabatic state by explicitly considering charged fragments. In applying these FO-DFT flavors to the two molecular test sets HAB7 (electron transfer) and HAB11 (hole transfer), we find that our new scheme gives improved electronic couplings for HAB7 (-6.2% decrease in mean relative signed error) and greatly improved electronic couplings for HAB11 (-15.3% decrease in mean relative signed error). A systematic investigation of the influence of exact exchange on the electronic coupling values shows that the use of hybrid functionals in FO-DFT calculations improves the electronic couplings, giving values close to or even better than more sophisticated constrained DFT calculations. Comparing the accuracy and computational cost of each variant, we devise simple rules to choose the best possible flavor depending on the task. For accuracy, our new scheme with charged-fragment calculations performs best, while numerically more efficient at reasonable accuracy is the variant with neutral fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Schober
- Chair for Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Karsten Reuter
- Chair for Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Harald Oberhofer
- Chair for Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany
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15
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Long G, Yang X, Chen W, Zhang M, Zhao Y, Chen Y, Zhang Q. "Doping" pentacene with sp(2)-phosphorus atoms: towards high performance ambipolar semiconductors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:3173-8. [PMID: 26743159 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp06200d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent research progress in black phosphorus sheets strongly encourages us to employ pentacene as a parent system to systematically investigate how the "doping" of sp(2)-phosphorus atoms onto the backbone of pentacene influences its optical and charge transport properties. Our theoretical investigations proved that increasing the contribution of the pz atomic orbital of the sp(2)-phosphorus to the frontier molecular orbital of phosphapentacenes could significantly decrease both hole and electron reorganization energies and dramatically red-shift the absorption of pentacene. The record smallest hole and electron reorganization energies of 69.80 and 95.74 meV for heteropentacene derivatives were obtained. These results suggest that phosphapentacenes (or phosphaacenes) could be potential promising candidates to achieve both higher and balanced mobilities in organic field effect transistors and realize a better power conversion efficiency in organic photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guankui Long
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore. and State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Synergetic Innovation of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Xuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Synergetic Innovation of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Wangqiao Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Mingtao Zhang
- Computational Center for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Yang Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Synergetic Innovation of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Qichun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore. and Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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16
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Rakhi R, Suresh CH. A DFT study on dihydropyrazine annulated linear polyacenes: aromaticity, stability and HOMO–LUMO energy modulation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:24631-41. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp03723b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Linear polyacene (LPA) mimics containing up to 34 rings have been designed by annulating dihydropyrazine units to LPA cores and they showed enhanced aromatic character than the LPA due to significant mixing of the N-lone pairs with the carbon π-orbitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Rakhi
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- CSIR–National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR–NIIST)
- Thiruvananthapuram 695019
- India
| | - Cherumuttathu H. Suresh
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- CSIR–National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR–NIIST)
- Thiruvananthapuram 695019
- India
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17
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Miao Q. Ten years of N-heteropentacenes as semiconductors for organic thin-film transistors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:5541-5549. [PMID: 24585514 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201305497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Introducing N atoms to the pentacene backbone leads to N-heteropentacenes, whose properties can be tuned by changing the number, position and valence state of N atoms in the pentacene backbone. With a rapid development in recent years, N-heteropentacenes and their derivatives have arisen as a new family of organic semiconductors with high performance in organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs). This article reviews the research efforts of developing N-heteropentacenes into organic semiconductors starting from 2003 with emphasis on the work of the author's group since 2009. The structure-property relationship and design rationale are highlighted based on an overview of reported organic semiconductors of N-heteropentacenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Miao
- Department of Chemistry, the Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, PR China, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme University Grants Committee), Hong Kong, China
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18
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Yu H, Li W, Tian H, Wang H, Yan D, Zhang J, Geng Y, Wang F. Benzothienobenzothiophene-based conjugated oligomers as semiconductors for stable organic thin-film transistors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:5255-5262. [PMID: 24635750 DOI: 10.1021/am500598f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Two benzothienobenzothiophene (BTBT)-based conjugated oligomers, i.e., 2,2'-bi[1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene (1) and 5,5'-bis([1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophen-2-yl)-2,2'-bithiophene (2), were prepared and characterized. Both oligomers exhibit excellent thermal stability, with 5% weight-loss temperatures (T(L)) above 370 °C; no phase transition was observed before decomposition. The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) levels of 1 and 2 are -5.3 and -4.9 eV, respectively, as measured by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy. Thin-film X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy characterizations indicate that both oligomers form highly crystalline films with large domain sizes on octadecyltrimethoxysilane-modified substrates. Organic thin-film transistors with top-contact and bottom-gate geometry based on 1 and 2 exhibited mobilities up to 2.12 cm(2)/V·s for 1 and 1.39 cm(2)/V·s for 2 in an ambient atmosphere. 1-based devices exhibited great air and thermal stabilities, as evidenced by the slight performance degradation after 2 months of storage under ambient conditions and after thermal annealing at temperatures below 250 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
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19
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Dong H, Fu X, Liu J, Wang Z, Hu W. 25th anniversary article: key points for high-mobility organic field-effect transistors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:6158-83. [PMID: 24105677 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201302514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 356] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Remarkable progress has been made in developing high performance organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) and the mobility of OFETs has been approaching the values of polycrystalline silicon, meeting the requirements of various electronic applications from electronic papers to integrated circuits. In this review, the key points for development of high mobility OFETs are highlighted from aspects of molecular engineering, process engineering and interface engineering. The importance of other factors, such as impurities and testing conditions is also addressed. Finally, the current challenges in this field for practical applications of OFETs are further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanli Dong
- Beijing National laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China; Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100037, China
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20
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Engelhart JU, Lindner BD, Tverskoy O, Rominger F, Bunz UHF. Pd-catalyzed coupling of non-activated dibromoarenes to 2,3-diaminoarenes: formation of N,N'-dihydropyrazines. Chemistry 2013; 19:15089-92. [PMID: 24123393 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201303277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens U Engelhart
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, FRG, Fax: (+49) 6221-54-8401
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21
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Li G, Wu Y, Gao J, Li J, Zhao Y, Zhang Q. Synthesis, Physical Properties, and Anion Recognition of Two Novel Larger Azaacenes: Benzannelated Hexazaheptacene and BenzannelatedN,N′-Dihydrohexazaheptacene. Chem Asian J 2013; 8:1574-8. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201300208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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22
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Bunz UHF, Engelhart JU, Lindner BD, Schaffroth M. Große N-Heteroacene: ein alter Hut mit neuen Federn? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201209479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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23
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Bunz UHF, Engelhart JU, Lindner BD, Schaffroth M. Large N-Heteroacenes: New Tricks for Very Old Dogs? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:3810-21. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201209479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 406] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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24
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Tong C, Chang J, Tan JM, Dai G, Huang KW, Chan HSO, Chi C. Bisacenaphthopyrazinoquinoxaline derivatives: synthesis, physical properties and applications as semiconductors for n-channel field effect transistors. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:5683-91. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40982a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Goto K, Yamaguchi R, Hiroto S, Ueno H, Kawai T, Shinokubo H. Intermolecular Oxidative Annulation of 2-Aminoanthracenes to Diazaacenes and Aza[7]helicenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201204863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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26
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Goto K, Yamaguchi R, Hiroto S, Ueno H, Kawai T, Shinokubo H. Intermolecular Oxidative Annulation of 2-Aminoanthracenes to Diazaacenes and Aza[7]helicenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:10333-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201204863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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27
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Lindner BD, Engelhart JU, Märken M, Tverskoy O, Appleton AL, Rominger F, Hardcastle KI, Enders M, Bunz UHF. Synthesis and Optical Properties of Diaza- and Tetraazatetracenes. Chemistry 2012; 18:4627-33. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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28
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Tong C, Zhao W, Luo J, Mao H, Chen W, Chan HSO, Chi C. Large-Size Linear and Star-Shaped Dihydropyrazine Fused Pyrazinacenes. Org Lett 2012; 14:494-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol2030839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenhua Tong
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, and Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117542
| | - Wenguang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, and Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117542
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, and Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117542
| | - Hongying Mao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, and Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117542
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, and Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117542
| | - Hardy Sze On Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, and Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117542
| | - Chunyan Chi
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, and Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117542
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29
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Cai K, Yan Q, Zhao D. Large hydroazaacene diimides: synthesis, tautomerism, halochromism, and redox-switchable NIR optics. Chem Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc21142d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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30
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Li J, Wang M, Ren S, Gao X, Hong W, Li H, Zhu D. High performance organic thin film transistor based on pentacene derivative: 6,13-dichloropentacene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm16871e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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31
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Tang XD, Liao Y, Geng H, Shuai ZG. Fascinating effect of dehydrogenation on the transport properties of N-heteropentacenes: transformation from p- to n-type semiconductor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm33039c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Liang Z, Tang Q, Mao R, Liu D, Xu J, Miao Q. The position of nitrogen in N-heteropentacenes matters. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2011; 23:5514-5518. [PMID: 22057779 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201103759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
An exploratory study on novel silylethynylated N-heteropentacenes, which have their N atoms on the terminal rings of the pentacene backbone, is reported. This study leads to both p- and n-channel organic thin-film transistors with high field-effect mobility and also reveals that the position of the N atoms plays an important role in tuning the structures and properties of organic semiconductors based on N-heteropentacenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiong Liang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, China
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33
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Wang C, Dong H, Hu W, Liu Y, Zhu D. Semiconducting π-Conjugated Systems in Field-Effect Transistors: A Material Odyssey of Organic Electronics. Chem Rev 2011; 112:2208-67. [PMID: 22111507 DOI: 10.1021/cr100380z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2025] [Impact Index Per Article: 155.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengliang Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Huanli Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yunqi Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Daoben Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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34
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Gawrys P, Marszalek T, Bartnik E, Kucinska M, Ulanski J, Zagorska M. Novel, Low-Cost, Highly Soluble n-Type Semiconductors: Tetraazaanthracene Tetraesters. Org Lett 2011; 13:6090-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol2025789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Gawrys
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00 664 Warszawa, Poland, Department of Molecular Physics, Technical University of Lodz, 90 924 Lodz, Poland
| | - T. Marszalek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00 664 Warszawa, Poland, Department of Molecular Physics, Technical University of Lodz, 90 924 Lodz, Poland
| | - E. Bartnik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00 664 Warszawa, Poland, Department of Molecular Physics, Technical University of Lodz, 90 924 Lodz, Poland
| | - M. Kucinska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00 664 Warszawa, Poland, Department of Molecular Physics, Technical University of Lodz, 90 924 Lodz, Poland
| | - J. Ulanski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00 664 Warszawa, Poland, Department of Molecular Physics, Technical University of Lodz, 90 924 Lodz, Poland
| | - M. Zagorska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00 664 Warszawa, Poland, Department of Molecular Physics, Technical University of Lodz, 90 924 Lodz, Poland
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35
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Lindner BD, Engelhart JU, Tverskoy O, Appleton AL, Rominger F, Peters A, Himmel HJ, Bunz UHF. Stable Hexacenes through Nitrogen Substitution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:8588-91. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201103676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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36
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Lindner BD, Engelhart JU, Tverskoy O, Appleton AL, Rominger F, Peters A, Himmel HJ, Bunz UHF. Stabile Hexacene durch Stickstoffsubstitution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201103676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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37
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Chou TC, Lin KC, Kon-no M, Lee CC, Shinmyozu T. Quinoxaline-Embedded Polyacenoquinone Esters: Synthesis, Electronic Properties, and Crystal Structure. Org Lett 2011; 13:4588-91. [DOI: 10.1021/ol2017774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teh-Chang Chou
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chaoyang University of Technology, Wufong, Taichung, 41369, Taiwan, and Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering (IMCE), Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Kuen-Cheng Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chaoyang University of Technology, Wufong, Taichung, 41369, Taiwan, and Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering (IMCE), Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Masaru Kon-no
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chaoyang University of Technology, Wufong, Taichung, 41369, Taiwan, and Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering (IMCE), Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Chih-Ching Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chaoyang University of Technology, Wufong, Taichung, 41369, Taiwan, and Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering (IMCE), Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Teruo Shinmyozu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chaoyang University of Technology, Wufong, Taichung, 41369, Taiwan, and Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering (IMCE), Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
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38
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Liang Z, Tang Q, Xu J, Miao Q. Soluble and stable N-heteropentacenes with high field-effect mobility. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2011; 23:1535-1539. [PMID: 21449057 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201004325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiong Liang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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39
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Tverskoy O, Rominger F, Peters A, Himmel HJ, Bunz UHF. An Efficient Synthesis of Tetraazapentacenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:3557-60. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201007654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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40
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Tverskoy O, Rominger F, Peters A, Himmel HJ, Bunz UHF. Eine effiziente Synthese substituierter Tetraazapentacene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201007654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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41
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Islam MM, Pola S, Tao YT. High mobility n-channel single-crystal field-effect transistors based on 5,7,12,14-tetrachloro-6,13-diazapentacene. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:6356-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc11762a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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42
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Richards GJ, Hill JP, Mori T, Ariga K. Putting the ‘N’ in ACENE: Pyrazinacenes and their structural relatives. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:5005-17. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05454f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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43
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Němec H, Kratochvílová I, Kužel P, Šebera J, Kochalska A, Nožár J, Nešpůrek S. Charge carrier mobility in poly[methyl(phenyl)silylene] studied by time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy and molecular modelling. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 13:2850-6. [PMID: 21305068 DOI: 10.1039/c0cp00774a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy and combination of quantum chemistry modeling and molecular dynamics simulations were used for the determination of charge carrier mobility in poly[methyl(phenyl)silylene]. Using time-resolved THz spectroscopy we established the on-chain charge carrier drift mobility in PMPSi as 0.02 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1). This value is low due to the formation of polarons: the hole is self-trapped in a potential formed by local chain distortion and the transient THz conductivity spectra show signatures of its oscillations within this potential well. This view is supported by the agreement between experimental and calculated values of the on-chain charge carrier mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hynek Němec
- Institute of Physics AS CR, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic.
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44
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Pron A, Gawrys P, Zagorska M, Djurado D, Demadrille R. Electroactive materials for organic electronics: preparation strategies, structural aspects and characterization techniques. Chem Soc Rev 2010; 39:2577-632. [DOI: 10.1039/b907999h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 400] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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45
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Tang Q, Liang Z, Liu J, Xu J, Miao Q. N-heteroquinones: quadruple weak hydrogen bonds and n-channel transistors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:2977-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c001215g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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