1
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Moreno-Latorre M, de la Torre MC, Cabeza JA, García-Álvarez P, Sierra MA. Attaching Metal-Containing Moieties to β-Lactam Antibiotics: The Case of Penicillin and Cephalosporin. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:12593-12603. [PMID: 38923955 PMCID: PMC11234371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Procedures for the preparation of transition metal complexes having intact bicyclic cepham or penam systems as ligands have been developed. Starting from readily available 4-azido-2-azetidinones, a synthetic approach has been tuned using a copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition between 3-azido-2-azetinones and alkynes, followed by methylation and transmetalation to Au(I) and Ir(III) complexes from the mesoionic carbene Ag(I) complexes. This methodology was applied to 6-azido penam and 7-azido cepham derivatives to build 6-(1,2,3-triazolyl)penam and 7-(1,2,3-triazolyl)cepham proligands, which upon methylation and metalation with Au(I) and Ir(III) complexes yielded products derived from the coordination of the metal to the penam C6 and cepham C7 positions, preserving intact the bicyclic structure of the penicillin and cephalosporin scaffolds. The crystal structure of complex 28b, which has an Ir atom directly bonded to the intact penicillin bicycle, was determined by X-ray diffraction. This is the first structural report of a penicillin-transition-metal complex having the bicyclic system of these antibiotics intact. The selectivity of the coordination processes was interpreted using DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Moreno-Latorre
- Instituto
de Química Orgánica General, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada ORFEO-CINQA, https://orfeocinqa.es/
| | - María C. de la Torre
- Instituto
de Química Orgánica General, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada ORFEO-CINQA, https://orfeocinqa.es/
| | - Javier A. Cabeza
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de
Química, Universidad de Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain
- Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada ORFEO-CINQA, https://orfeocinqa.es/
| | - Pablo García-Álvarez
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de
Química, Universidad de Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain
- Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada ORFEO-CINQA, https://orfeocinqa.es/
| | - Miguel A. Sierra
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada ORFEO-CINQA, https://orfeocinqa.es/
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2
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Kang SJ, Kim DH, Lee BJ. Metallo-β-lactamase inhibitors: A continuing challenge for combating antibiotic resistance. Biophys Chem 2024; 309:107228. [PMID: 38552402 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2024.107228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
β-lactam antibiotics are the most successful and commonly used antibacterial agents, but the emergence of resistance to these drugs has become a global health threat. The expression of β-lactamase enzymes produced by pathogens, which hydrolyze the amide bond of the β-lactam ring, is the major mechanism for bacterial resistance to β-lactams. In particular, among class A, B, C and D β-lactamases, metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs, class B β-lactamases) are considered crucial contributors to resistance in gram-negative bacteria. To combat β-lactamase-mediated resistance, great efforts have been made to develop β-lactamase inhibitors that restore the activity of β-lactams. Some β-lactamase inhibitors, such as diazabicyclooctanes (DBOs) and boronic acid derivatives, have also been approved by the FDA. Inhibitors used in the clinic can inactivate mostly serine-β-lactamases (SBLs, class A, C, and D β-lactamases) but have not been effective against MBLs until now. In order to develop new inhibitors particularly for MBLs, various attempts have been suggested. Based on structural and mechanical studies of MBL enzymes, several MBL inhibitor candidates, including taniborbactam in phase 3 and xeruborbactam in phase 1, have been introduced in recent years. However, designing potent inhibitors that are effective against all subclasses of MBLs is still extremely challenging. This review summarizes not only the types of β-lactamase and mechanisms by which β-lactam antibiotics are inactivated, but also the research finding on β-lactamase inhibitors targeting these enzymes. These detailed information on β-lactamases and their inhibitors could give valuable information for novel β-lactamase inhibitors design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jin Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul 02748, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hee Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Jin Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea; Mastermeditech Ltd., Seoul 07793, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Shi X, Dai Y, Lan Z, Wang S, Cui L, Xiao C, Zhao K, Li X, Liu W, Zhang Q. Interplay between the β-lactam side chain and an active-site mobile loop of NDM-1 in penicillin hydrolysis as a potential target for mechanism-based inhibitor design. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130041. [PMID: 38336327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Metallo-β-lactamases (MβLs) stand as significant resistant mechanism against β-lactam antibiotics in Gram-negative bacteria. The worldwide dissemination of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamases (NDMs) intensifies antimicrobial resistance, posing severe threats to human health due to the absence of inhibitors available in clinical therapy. L3, a flexible β-hairpin loop flanking the active site in MβLs, has been proven to wield influence over the reaction process by assuming a crucial role in substrate recognition and intermediate stabilization. In principle, it potentially retards product release from the enzyme, consequently reducing the overall turnover rate although the details regarding this aspect remain inadequately elucidated. In this study, we crystallized NDM-1 in complex with three penicillin substrates, conducted molecular dynamics simulations, and measured the steady-state kinetic parameters. These analyses consistently unveiled substantial disparities in their interactions with loop L3. We further synthesized a penicillin V derivative with increased hydrophobicity in the R1 side chain and co-crystallized it with NDM-1. Remarkably, this compound exhibited much stronger dynamic interplay with L3 during molecular dynamics simulation, showed much lower Km and kcat values, and demonstrated moderate inhibitory capacity to NDM-1 catalyzed meropenem hydrolysis. The data presented here may provide a strategic approach for designing mechanism-based MβL inhibitors focusing on structural elements external to the enzyme's active center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrui Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Yujie Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Zhu Lan
- Institute of Immunology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Liwei Cui
- Institute of Immunology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Chengliang Xiao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Kunhong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Minister of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiangyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Minister of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Immunology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
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Wu XR, Chen WY, Liu L, Yang KW. Discovery of hydroxamate as a promising scaffold dually inhibiting metallo- and serine-β-lactamases. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 265:116055. [PMID: 38134748 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The bacterial infection mediated by β-lactamases MβLs and SβLs has grown into an emergent health threat, however, development of a molecule that dual inhibits both MβLs and SβLs is challenging. In this work, a series of hydroxamates 1a-g, 2a-e, 3a-c, 4a-c were synthesized, characterized by 1H and 13C NMR and confirmed by HRMS. Biochemical assays revealed that these molecules dually inhibited MβLs (NDM-1, IMP-1) and SβLs (KPC-2, OXA-48), with an IC50 value in the range of 0.64-41.08 and 1.01-41.91 μM (except 1a and 1d on SβLs, IC50 > 50 μM), and 1f was found to be the best inhibitor with an IC50 value in the range of 0.64-1.32 and 0.57-1.01 μM, respectively. Mechanism evaluation indicated that 1f noncompetitively and irreversibly inhibited NDM-1 and KPC-2, with Ki value of 2.5 and 0.55 μM, is a time- and dose-dependent inhibitor of both MβLs and SβLs. MIC tests shown that all hydroxamates increased the antimicrobial effect of MER on E. coli-NDM-1 and E. coli-IMP-1 (expect 1b, 1d, 1g and 2d), resulting in a 2-8-fold reduction in MICs of MER, 1e-g, 2b-d, 3a-c and 4b-c decreased 2-4-fold MICs of MER on E. coli-KPC-2, and 1c, 1f-g, 2a-c, 3b, 4a and 4c decreased 2-16-fold MICs of MER on E. coli-OXA-48. Most importantly, 1f-g, 2b-c, 3b and 4c exhibited the dual synergizing inhibition against both E. coli-MβLs and E. coli-SβLs tested, resulting in a 2-8-fold reduction in MICs of MER, and 1f was found to have the best effect on the drug-resistant bacteria tested. Also, 1f shown synergizing antimicrobial effect on five clinical isolates EC04, EC06, EC08, EC10 and EC24 that produce NDM-1, resulting in a 2-8-fold reduction in MIC of MER, but its effect on E. coli and K. pneumonia-KPC-NDM was not to be observed using the same dose of inhibitor. Mice tests shown that the monotherapy of 1f or 4a in combination with MER significantly reduced the bacterial load of E. coli-NDM-1 and E. coli-OXA-48 cells in liver and spleen, respectively. The discovery in this work offered a promising bifunctional scaffold for creating the specific molecules that dually inhibit MβLs and MβLs, in combating antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Rong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, PR China
| | - Wei-Ya Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, PR China
| | - Lu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, PR China
| | - Ke-Wu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, PR China.
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5
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Farhat N, Khan AU. Repurposing FDA approved drug molecules against A B C classes of β-lactamases: a computational biology and molecular dynamics simulations study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-15. [PMID: 37909541 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2276890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
β-lactamase are the main resistance factor for β-lactam antibiotics in Gram-negative bacteria. Since β-lactam antibiotics are being utilised as an antimicrobial agents extensively for the past 70 years, a large number of β-lactam-inactivating β-lactamases have been produced by bacteria. Here, we employed a structure-based drug discovery approach to identify and assess the efficacy of a potential medication that might block the β-lactamases which hydrolyse antibiotics. The FDA-approved medications were subjected to virtual screening, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, density functional theory, and covalent docking against the β-lactamases. We identified diosmin, hidrosmin, monoxuritin and solasulfone as β-lactamase inhibitors which are authorised for therapeutic use in humans. These medications interact in a remarkable variety of non-covalent ways with the conserved residues in the substrate-binding pocket of the β-lactamases. Diosmin has been identified as an inhibitor that binds covalently to the NDM-1 a class B metallo-betalactamase. After experimental validation and clinical demonstration, this study offers adequate evidence for the therapeutic use of these drugs for controlling multidrug resistance.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeela Farhat
- Medical Microbiology and Molecular Biology Lab. Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Asad U Khan
- Medical Microbiology and Molecular Biology Lab. Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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6
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Shungube M, Hlophe AK, Girdhari L, Sabe VT, Peters BB, Reddy N, Omolabi KF, Chetty L, Arumugam T, Chuturgoon A, Kruger HG, Arvidsson PI, Qin HL, Naicker T, Govender T. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel β-lactam-metallo β-lactamase inhibitors. RSC Adv 2023; 13:18991-19001. [PMID: 37362332 PMCID: PMC10285615 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02490c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
β-lactamases are enzymes that deactivate β-lactam antibiotics through a hydrolysis mechanism. There are two known types of β-lactamases: serine β-lactamases (SBLs) and metallo β-lactamases (MBLs). The two existing strategies to overcome β-lactamase-mediated resistance are (a) to develop novel β-lactam antibiotics that are not susceptible to hydrolysis by these enzymes; or (b) to develop β-lactamase inhibitors that deactivate the enzyme and thereby restore the efficacy of the co-administered antibiotics. Many commercially available SBL inhibitors are used in combination therapy with antibiotics to treat antimicrobial resistant infections; however, there are only a handful of MBL inhibitors undergoing clinical trials. In this study, we present 11 novel potential MBL inhibitors (via multi-step chemical synthesis), that have shown to completely restore the efficacy of meropenem (≤2 mg L-1) against New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in vitro. These compounds contain a cyclic amino acid zinc chelator conjugated to various commercially available β-lactam antibiotic scaffolds with the aim to improve the overall drug transport, lipophilicity, and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic properties as compared to the chelator alone. Biological evaluation of compounds 24b and 24c has further highlighted the downstream application of these MBLs, since they are non-toxic at the selected doses. Time-kill assays indicate that compounds 24b and 24c exhibit sterilizing activity towards NDM producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in vitro using minimal concentrations of meropenem. Furthermore, 24b and 24c proved to be promising inhibitors of VIM-2 (Ki = 0.85 and 1.87, respectively). This study has revealed a novel series of β-lactam MBLIs that are potent, efficacious, and safe leads with the potential to develop into therapeutic MBLIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mbongeni Shungube
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu Natal Durban 4001 South Africa +27 312601845
| | - Ayanda K Hlophe
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu Natal Durban 4001 South Africa +27 312601845
| | - Letisha Girdhari
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu Natal Durban 4001 South Africa +27 312601845
| | - Victor T Sabe
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu Natal Durban 4001 South Africa +27 312601845
| | - Byron B Peters
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu Natal Durban 4001 South Africa +27 312601845
| | - Nakita Reddy
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu Natal Durban 4001 South Africa +27 312601845
| | - Kehinde F Omolabi
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu Natal Durban 4001 South Africa +27 312601845
| | - Lloyd Chetty
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu Natal Durban 4001 South Africa +27 312601845
| | - Thilona Arumugam
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Durban South Africa
| | - Anil Chuturgoon
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Durban South Africa
| | - Hendrik G Kruger
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu Natal Durban 4001 South Africa +27 312601845
| | - Per I Arvidsson
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu Natal Durban 4001 South Africa +27 312601845
- Science for Life Laboratory, Drug Discovery & Development Platform & Division of Translational Medicine and Chemical Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Hua-Li Qin
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology 205 Luoshi Road Wuhan 430070 P. R. China
| | - Tricia Naicker
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu Natal Durban 4001 South Africa +27 312601845
| | - Thavendran Govender
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zululand Private Bag X1001 KwaDlangezwa 3886 South Africa
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7
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Krco S, Davis SJ, Joshi P, Wilson LA, Monteiro Pedroso M, Douw A, Schofield CJ, Hugenholtz P, Schenk G, Morris MT. Structure, function, and evolution of metallo-β-lactamases from the B3 subgroup-emerging targets to combat antibiotic resistance. Front Chem 2023; 11:1196073. [PMID: 37408556 PMCID: PMC10318434 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1196073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
β-Lactams are the most widely employed antibiotics in clinical settings due to their broad efficacy and low toxicity. However, since their first use in the 1940s, resistance to β-lactams has proliferated to the point where multi-drug resistant organisms are now one of the greatest threats to global human health. Many bacteria use β-lactamases to inactivate this class of antibiotics via hydrolysis. Although nucleophilic serine-β-lactamases have long been clinically important, most broad-spectrum β-lactamases employ one or two metal ions (likely Zn2+) in catalysis. To date, potent and clinically useful inhibitors of these metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) have not been available, exacerbating their negative impact on healthcare. MBLs are categorised into three subgroups: B1, B2, and B3 MBLs, depending on their sequence similarities, active site structures, interactions with metal ions, and substrate preferences. The majority of MBLs associated with the spread of antibiotic resistance belong to the B1 subgroup. Most characterized B3 MBLs have been discovered in environmental bacteria, but they are increasingly identified in clinical samples. B3-type MBLs display greater diversity in their active sites than other MBLs. Furthermore, at least one of the known B3-type MBLs is inhibited by the serine-β-lactamase inhibitor clavulanic acid, an observation that may promote the design of derivatives active against a broader range of MBLs. In this Mini Review, recent advances in structure-function relationships of B3-type MBLs will be discussed, with a view to inspiring inhibitor development to combat the growing spread of β-lactam resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Krco
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Samuel J. Davis
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Pallav Joshi
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Liam A. Wilson
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial Research, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Marcelo Monteiro Pedroso
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Andrew Douw
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Christopher J. Schofield
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial Research, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Hugenholtz
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Gerhard Schenk
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Marc T. Morris
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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8
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Kim D, Kim S, Kwon Y, Kim Y, Park H, Kwak K, Lee H, Lee JH, Jang KM, Kim D, Lee SH, Kang LW. Structural Insights for β-Lactam Antibiotics. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2023; 31:141-147. [PMID: 36788654 PMCID: PMC9970833 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2023.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance has emerged as a global threat to modern healthcare systems and has nullified many commonly used antibiotics. β-Lactam antibiotics are among the most successful and occupy approximately two-thirds of the prescription antibiotic market. They inhibit the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in the bacterial cell wall by mimicking the D-Ala-D-Ala in the pentapeptide crosslinking neighboring glycan chains. To date, various β-lactam antibiotics have been developed to increase the spectrum of activity and evade drug resistance. This review emphasizes the three-dimensional structural characteristics of β-lactam antibiotics regarding the overall scaffold, working mechanism, chemical diversity, and hydrolysis mechanism by β-lactamases. The structural insight into various β-lactams will provide an in-depth understanding of the antibacterial efficacy and susceptibility to drug resistance in multidrug-resistant bacteria and help to develop better β-lactam antibiotics and inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dogyeoung Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongdae Kwon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeseul Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjae Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiwoong Kwak
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonmin Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hun Lee
- National Leading Research Laboratory of Drug Resistance Proteomics, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Jang
- National Leading Research Laboratory of Drug Resistance Proteomics, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghak Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hee Lee
- National Leading Research Laboratory of Drug Resistance Proteomics, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Republic of Korea,Corresponding Authors E-mail: (Kang LW), (Lee SH), Tel: +82-2-450-4090 (Kang LW), +82-31-330-6195 (Lee SH), Fax: +82-2-444-6707 (Kang LW), +82-31-335-8249 (Lee SH)
| | - Lin-Woo Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea,Corresponding Authors E-mail: (Kang LW), (Lee SH), Tel: +82-2-450-4090 (Kang LW), +82-31-330-6195 (Lee SH), Fax: +82-2-444-6707 (Kang LW), +82-31-335-8249 (Lee SH)
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9
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Kong L, Zhang Y, Yang L, Yan Y, Cheng M, Wang X, Zhai L, Yang K. Synthesis and Inhibitory Activity of Oxazolethioacetamides against Metallo‐β‐Lactamase. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Kong
- The College of Life Sciences Northwest University Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi Province P. R. China
| | - Yilin Zhang
- Shaanxi Qinling Industrial Technology Research Institute of Special Biological Resources, College of Biology Pharmacy and Food Engineering Shangluo University Shangluo 726000, Shaanxi Province P. R. China
| | - Liwen Yang
- Shaanxi Qinling Industrial Technology Research Institute of Special Biological Resources, College of Biology Pharmacy and Food Engineering Shangluo University Shangluo 726000, Shaanxi Province P. R. China
| | - Yong Yan
- Shaanxi Qinling Industrial Technology Research Institute of Special Biological Resources, College of Biology Pharmacy and Food Engineering Shangluo University Shangluo 726000, Shaanxi Province P. R. China
| | - Min Cheng
- Shaanxi Qinling Industrial Technology Research Institute of Special Biological Resources, College of Biology Pharmacy and Food Engineering Shangluo University Shangluo 726000, Shaanxi Province P. R. China
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Shaanxi Qinling Industrial Technology Research Institute of Special Biological Resources, College of Biology Pharmacy and Food Engineering Shangluo University Shangluo 726000, Shaanxi Province P. R. China
| | - Le Zhai
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Ferroelectric Functional Materials, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Baoji University of Arts and Sciences Baoji 721013, Shaanxi Province P. R. China
| | - Kewu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710127, Shaanxi Province P. R. China
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10
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Yamaguchi Y, Kato K, Ichimaru Y, Uenosono Y, Tawara S, Ito R, Matsuse N, Wachino JI, Toma-Fukai S, Jin W, Arakawa Y, Otsuka M, Fujita M, Fukuishi N, Sugiura K, Imai M, Kurosaki H. Difference in the Inhibitory Effect of Thiol Compounds and Demetallation Rates from the Zn(II) Active Site of Metallo-β-lactamases (IMP-1 and IMP-6) Associated with a Single Amino Acid Substitution. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:65-78. [PMID: 36519431 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria producing metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) have become a considerable threat to public health. MBLs including the IMP, VIM, and NDM types are Zn(II) enzymes that hydrolyze the β-lactam ring present in a broad range of antibiotics, such as N-benzylpenicillin, meropenem, and imipenem. Among IMPs, IMP-1 and IMP-6 differ in a single amino acid substitution at position 262, where serine in IMP-1 is replaced by glycine in IMP-6, conferring a change in substrate specificity. To investigate how this mutation influences enzyme function, we examined lactamase inhibition by thiol compounds. Ethyl 3-mercaptopropionate acted as a competitive inhibitor of IMP-1, but a noncompetitive inhibitor of IMP-6. A comparison of the crystal structures previously reported for IMP-1 (PDB code: 5EV6) and IMP-6 (PDB code: 6LVJ) revealed a hydrogen bond between the side chain of Ser262 and Cys221 in IMP-1 but the absence of hydrogen bond in IMP-6, which affects the Zn2 coordination sphere in its active site. We investigated the demetallation rates of IMP-1 and IMP-6 in the presence of chelating agent ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and found that the demetallation reactions had fast and slow phases with a first-order rate constant (kfast = 1.76 h-1, kslow = 0.108 h-1 for IMP-1, and kfast = 14.0 h-1 and kslow = 1.66 h-1 for IMP-6). The difference in the flexibility of the Zn2 coordination sphere between IMP-1 and IMP-6 may influence the demetallation rate, the catalytic efficiency against β-lactam antibiotics, and the inhibitory effect of thiol compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Yamaguchi
- Environmental Safety Center, Kumamoto University, 39-1 Kurokami 2-Chome, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto860-8555, Japan.,Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 39-1 Kurokami 2-Chome, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto860-8555, Japan.,Faculty of Engineering, Kumamoto University, 39-1 Kurokami 2-Chome, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto860-8555, Japan
| | - Koichi Kato
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723 Omori, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, Aichi463-8521, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya, Aichi468-8503, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shonan University of Medical Sciences, 16-48, Kamishinano, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa244-0806, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Ichimaru
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723 Omori, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, Aichi463-8521, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shonan University of Medical Sciences, 16-48, Kamishinano, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa244-0806, Japan
| | - Yuya Uenosono
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 39-1 Kurokami 2-Chome, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto860-8555, Japan
| | - Sakiko Tawara
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 39-1 Kurokami 2-Chome, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto860-8555, Japan
| | - Rio Ito
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 39-1 Kurokami 2-Chome, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto860-8555, Japan
| | - Natsuki Matsuse
- Faculty of Engineering, Kumamoto University, 39-1 Kurokami 2-Chome, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto860-8555, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Wachino
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shubun University, 6 Nikko-cho, Ichinomiya, Aichi491-0938, Japan
| | - Sachiko Toma-Fukai
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara630-0192, Japan
| | - Wanchun Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723 Omori, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, Aichi463-8521, Japan
| | - Yoshichika Arakawa
- Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi466-8550, Japan
| | - Masami Otsuka
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto862-0973, Japan.,Department of Drug Discovery, Science Farm Ltd., 1-7-30 Kuhonji, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto862-0976, Japan
| | - Mikako Fujita
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto862-0973, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Fukuishi
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723 Omori, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, Aichi463-8521, Japan
| | - Kirara Sugiura
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723 Omori, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, Aichi463-8521, Japan
| | - Masanori Imai
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723 Omori, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, Aichi463-8521, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Kurosaki
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723 Omori, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, Aichi463-8521, Japan
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11
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Tavares-Carreon F, De Anda-Mora K, Rojas-Barrera IC, Andrade A. Serratia marcescens antibiotic resistance mechanisms of an opportunistic pathogen: a literature review. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14399. [PMID: 36627920 PMCID: PMC9826615 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Serratia marcescens is a ubiquitous bacterium from order Enterobacterales displaying a high genetic plasticity that allows it to adapt and persist in multiple niches including soil, water, plants, and nosocomial environments. Recently, S. marcescens has gained attention as an emerging pathogen worldwide, provoking infections and outbreaks in debilitated individuals, particularly newborns and patients in intensive care units. S. marcescens isolates recovered from clinical settings are frequently described as multidrug resistant. High levels of antibiotic resistance across Serratia species are a consequence of the combined activity of intrinsic, acquired, and adaptive resistance elements. In this review, we will discuss recent advances in the understanding of mechanisms guiding resistance in this opportunistic pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faviola Tavares-Carreon
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Karla De Anda-Mora
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Idalia C. Rojas-Barrera
- Environmental Genomics Group, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany,Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Angel Andrade
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
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12
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Liu S, Zhang L, Feng C, Zhu J, Li A, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Gao M, Shi W, Li Q, Zhang X, Zhang H, Xu T, Lu J, Bao Q. Characterization and Identification of a novel chromosome-encoded metallo-β-lactamase WUS-1 in Myroides albus P34. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1059997. [PMID: 36532482 PMCID: PMC9751785 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1059997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we identified and characterized a novel chromosomally-encoded class B metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) gene designated bla WUS-1 in a carbapenem-resistant isolate Myroides albus P34 isolated from sewage discharged from an animal farm. Comparative analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence revealed that WUS-1 shares the highest amino acid similarities with the function-characterized MBLs MUS-1 (AAN63647.1; 70.73%) and TUS-1 (AAN63648.1; 70.32%). The recombinant carrying bla WUS-1 exhibited increased MICs levels against a number of β-lactam antimicrobials such as carbenicillin, ampicillin and imipenem, and β-lactamase inhibitors (clavulanic acid and tazobactam). The metallo-β-lactamase WUS-1 could also hydrolyze these antimicrobials and the hydrolytic activities could be inhibited by EDTA. Genetic context analysis of bla WUS-1 revealed that no mobile genetic element was found in its surrounding region. The plasmid pMA84474 of Myroides albus P34 harbored 6 resistance genes (bla OXA-347, aadS, bla MYO-1, ereD, sul2 and ermF) within an approximately 17 kb multidrug resistance (MDR) region. These genes, however, were all related to mobile genetic elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chunlin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Anqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jingxuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mengdi Gao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Weina Shi
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qiaoling Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xueya Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Teng Xu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Baotou Central Hospital, Baotou, China
| | - Junwan Lu
- Medical Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, China
| | - Qiyu Bao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Medical Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, China
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13
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Kong WP, Chen YW, Wong KY. The crystal structure of the H116Q mutant of NDM-1: An enzyme devoid of zinc ions. J Struct Biol 2022; 214:107922. [PMID: 36375744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2022.107922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1 (NDM-1) is an important causative factor of antimicrobial resistance due to its efficient hydrolysis of a broad range of β-lactam compounds. The two zinc ions at the active site play essential roles in the NDM-1 catalytic activities. In a previous work, H116, one of the three ligands at the Zn1 site, was mutated in order to investigate the nature of zinc ion chelation. We report here the crystal structure of the NDM-1 H116Q mutant, that was designed to convert a B1 di-zinc enzyme into a B3 type, which either still binds two zinc ions or binds only one at the Zn2 site. The effect of mutation on the overall structure is minimal. Unexpectedly, no zinc ion was observed in the crystal structure. The Zn2-site ligating residue C221 forms a covalent bond with the nearby K121, a residue important in maintaining the active-site structure. The largest conformational changes were found at main-chain and side-chain atoms at residues 232-236 (loop 10), the proper configuration of which is known to be essential for substrate binding. The catalytic-site mutation caused little local changes, yet the effects were amplified and propagated to the substrate binding residues. There were big changes in the ψ angles of residues G232 and L234, which resulted in the side chain of N233 being displaced away from the substrate-binding site. In summary, we failed in turning a B1 enzyme into a B3 enzyme, yet we produced a zinc-less NDM-1 with residual activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Po Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yu Wai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Kwok-Yin Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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14
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Identification of natural inhibitor against L1 β-lactamase present in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. J Mol Model 2022; 28:342. [PMID: 36197525 PMCID: PMC9533269 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05336-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is threatening the medical industry in treating microbial infections. Many organisms are acquiring antibiotic resistance because of the continuous use of the same drug. Gram-negative organisms are developing multi-drug resistance properties (MDR) due to chromosomal level changes that occurred as a part of evolution or some intrinsic factors already present in the organism. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia falls under the category of multidrug-resistant organism. WHO has also urged to evaluate the scenario and develop new strategies for making this organism susceptible to otherwise resistant antibiotics. Using novel compounds as drugs can ameliorate the issue to some extent. The β-lactamase enzyme in the bacteria is responsible for inhibiting several drugs currently being used for treatment. This enzyme can be targeted to find an inhibitor that can inhibit the enzyme activity and make the organism susceptible to β-lactam antibiotics. Plants produce several secondary metabolites for their survival in adverse environments. Several phytoconstituents have antimicrobial properties and have been used in traditional medicine for a long time. The computational technologies can be exploited to find the best compound from many compounds. Virtual screening, molecular docking, and dynamic simulation methods are followed to get the best inhibitor for L1 β-lactamase. IMPPAT database is screened, and the top hit compounds are studied for ADMET properties. Finally, four compounds are selected to set for molecular dynamics simulation. After all the computational calculations, withanolide R is found to have a better binding and forms a stable complex with the protein. This compound can act as a potent natural inhibitor for L1 β-lactamase.
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15
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Development of Hydroxamic Acid Compounds for Inhibition of Metallo-β-Lactamase from Bacillus anthracis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169163. [PMID: 36012433 PMCID: PMC9408887 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of resistant bacteria takes place, endangering the effectiveness of antibiotics. A reason for antibiotic resistance is the presence of lactamases that catalyze the hydrolysis of β-lactam antibiotics. An inhibitor of serine-β-lactamases such as clavulanic acid binds to the active site of the enzymes, thus solving the resistance problem. A pressing issue, however, is that the reaction mechanism of metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) hydrolyzing β-lactam antibiotics differs from that of serine-β-lactamases due to the existence of zinc ions in the active site of MBLs. Thus, the development of potential inhibitors for MBLs remains urgent. Here, the ability to inhibit MBL from Bacillus anthracis (Bla2) was investigated in silico and in vitro using compounds possessing two hydroxamate functional groups such as 3-chloro-N-hydroxy-4-(7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl)benzamide (Compound 4) and N-hydroxy-4-(7-(hydroxyamino)-7-oxoheptyl)-3-methoxybenzamide (Compound 6). In silico docking and molecular dynamics simulations revealed that both Compounds 4 and 6 were coordinated with zinc ions in the active site, suggesting that the hydroxamate group attached to the aromatic ring of the compound plays a crucial role in the coordination to the zinc ions. In vitro kinetic analysis demonstrated that the mode of inhibitions for Compounds 4 and 6 were a competitive inhibition with Ki values of 6.4 ± 1.7 and 4.7 ± 1.4 kcal/mol, respectively. The agreement between in silico and in vitro investigations indicates that compounds containing dihyroxamate moieties may offer a new avenue to overcome antibiotic resistance to bacteria.
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16
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Kaderabkova N, Bharathwaj M, Furniss RCD, Gonzalez D, Palmer T, Mavridou DA. The biogenesis of β-lactamase enzymes. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2022; 168:001217. [PMID: 35943884 PMCID: PMC10235803 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming marked a new era for modern medicine, allowing not only the treatment of infectious diseases, but also the safe performance of life-saving interventions, like surgery and chemotherapy. Unfortunately, resistance against penicillin, as well as more complex β-lactam antibiotics, has rapidly emerged since the introduction of these drugs in the clinic, and is largely driven by a single type of extra-cytoplasmic proteins, hydrolytic enzymes called β-lactamases. While the structures, biochemistry and epidemiology of these resistance determinants have been extensively characterized, their biogenesis, a complex process including multiple steps and involving several fundamental biochemical pathways, is rarely discussed. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the journey of β-lactamases, from the moment they exit the ribosomal channel until they reach their final cellular destination as folded and active enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikol Kaderabkova
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Manasa Bharathwaj
- Centre to Impact AMR, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - R. Christopher D. Furniss
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Diego Gonzalez
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Institut de Biologie, Université de Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, 2000, Switzerland
| | - Tracy Palmer
- Microbes in Health and Disease, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Despoina A.I. Mavridou
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
- John Ring LaMontagne Center for Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
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17
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Engineering of a bacterial outer membrane vesicle to a nano-scale reactor for the biodegradation of β-lactam antibiotics. J Biotechnol 2022; 356:1-7. [PMID: 35870620 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are small unilamellar proteoliposomes, which are involved in various functions including cell to cell signaling and protein excretion. Here, we have engineered the OMVs of Escherichia coli to nano-scaled bioreactors for the degradation of β-lactam antibiotics. This was exploited by targeting a β-lactamase (i.e., CMY-10) into the OMVs of a hyper-vesiculating E. coli BL21(DE3) mutant. The CMY-10-containing OMVs, prepared from the E. coli mutant cultures, were able to hydrolyze β-lactam ring of nitrocefin and meropenem to a specific rate of 6.6 × 10-8 and 3.9 × 10-12 μmol/min/µm3 of OMV, which is approximately 100 and 600-fold greater than those of E. coli-based whole-cell biocatalsyts. Furthermore, CMY-10, which was encapsulated in the engineered OMVs, was much more stable against temperature and acid stresses, as compared to free enzymes in aqueous phase. The OMV-based nano-scaled reaction system would be useful for the remediation of a variety of antibiotics pollution for food and agricultural industry.
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18
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Dihydroxyphenyl-substituted thiosemicarbazone: A potent scaffold for the development of metallo-β-lactamases inhibitors and antimicrobial. Bioorg Chem 2022; 127:105928. [PMID: 35717802 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The superbug infection mediated by metallo-β-lactamases (MβLs) has grown into anemergent health threat, and development of MβL inhibitors is an ideal strategy to combat the infection. In this work, twenty-five thiosemicarbazones 1a-e, 2a-e, 3a-e, 4a-d, 5a-d and 6a-b were synthesized and assayed against MβLs ImiS, NDM-1 and L1. The gained molecules specifically inhibited NDM-1 and ImiS, exhibiting an IC50 value in the range of 0.37-21.35 and 0.45-8.76 µM, and 2a was found to be the best inhibitor, with an IC50 of 0.37 and 0.45 µM, respectively, using meropenem (MER) as substrate. Enzyme kinetics and dialysis tests revealed and confirmed by ITC that 2a is a time-and dose-dependent inhibitor of ImiS and NDM-1, it competitively and reversibly inhibited ImiS with a Ki value of 0.29 µM, but irreversibly inhibited NDM-1. Structure-activity relationship disclosed that the substitute dihydroxylbenzene significantly enhanced inhibitory activity of thiosemicarbazones on ImiS and NDM-1. Most importantly, 1a-e, 2a-e and 3a-b alone more strongly sterilized E. coli-ImiS and E. coli-NDM-1 than the MER, displaying a MIC value in the range of 8-128 μg/mL, and 2a was found to be the best reagent with a MIC of 8 and 32 μg/mL. Also, 2a alone strongly sterilized the clinical isolates EC01, EC06-EC08, EC24 and K. pneumonia-KPC-NDM, showing a MIC value in the range of 16-128 μg/mL, and exhibited synergistic inhibition with MER on these bacteria tested, resulting in 8-32-fold reduction in MIC of MER. SEM images shown that the bacteria E. coli-ImiS, E. coli-NDM-1, EC24, K. pneumonia-KPC and K. pneumonia-KPC-NDM treated with 2a (64 μg/mL) suffered from distortion, emerging adhesion between individual cells and crumpled membranes. Mice tests shown that monotherapy of 2a evidently limited growth of EC24 cells, and in combination with MER, it significantly reduced the bacterial load in liver and spleen. Docking studies suggest that the 2,4-dihydroxylbenzene of 2a acts as zinc-binding group with the Zn(II) and the residual amino acids in CphA active center, tightly anchoring the inhibitor at active site. This work offered a promising scaffold for the development of MβLs inhibitors, specifically the antimicrobial for clinically drug-resistant isolates.
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19
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Alfei S, Schito AM. β-Lactam Antibiotics and β-Lactamase Enzymes Inhibitors, Part 2: Our Limited Resources. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:476. [PMID: 35455473 PMCID: PMC9031764 DOI: 10.3390/ph15040476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
β-lactam antibiotics (BLAs) are crucial molecules among antibacterial drugs, but the increasing emergence of resistance to them, developed by bacteria producing β-lactamase enzymes (BLEs), is becoming one of the major warnings to the global public health. Since only a small number of novel antibiotics are in development, a current clinical approach to limit this phenomenon consists of administering proper combinations of β-lactam antibiotics (BLAs) and β-lactamase inhibitors (BLEsIs). Unfortunately, while few clinically approved BLEsIs are capable of inhibiting most class-A and -C serine β-lactamases (SBLEs) and some carbapenemases of class D, they are unable to inhibit most part of the carbapenem hydrolyzing enzymes of class D and the worrying metallo-β-lactamases (MBLEs) of class B. Particularly, MBLEs are a set of enzymes that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a broad range of BLAs by a zinc-mediated mechanism, and currently no clinically available molecule capable of inhibiting MBLEs exists. Additionally, new types of alarming "superbugs", were found to produce the New Delhi metallo-β-lactamases (NDMs) encoded by increasing variants of a plasmid-mediated gene capable of rapidly spreading among bacteria of the same species and even among different species. Particularly, NDM-1 possesses a flexible hydrolysis mechanism that inactivates all BLAs, except for aztreonam. The present review provides first an overview of existing BLAs and the most clinically relevant BLEs detected so far. Then, the BLEsIs and their most common associations with BLAs already clinically applied and those still in development are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Alfei
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFAR), University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano, 4, 16148 Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Schito
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 6, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
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20
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Recommendations to Synthetize Old and New β-Lactamases Inhibitors: A Review to Encourage Further Production. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15030384. [PMID: 35337181 PMCID: PMC8954882 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing emergence of bacteria producing β-lactamases enzymes (BLEs), able to inactivate the available β-lactam antibiotics (BLAs), causing the hydrolytic opening of their β-lactam ring, is one of the global major warnings. According to Ambler classification, BLEs are grouped in serine-BLEs (SBLEs) of class A, C, and D, and metal-BLEs (MBLEs) of class B. A current strategy to restore no longer functioning BLAs consists of associating them to β-lactamase enzymes inhibitors (BLEsIs), which, interacting with BLEs, prevent them hydrolyzing to the associated antibiotic. Worryingly, the inhibitors that are clinically approved are very few and inhibit only most of class A and C SBLEs, leaving several class D and all MBLEs of class B untouched. Numerous non-clinically approved new molecules are in development, which have shown broad and ultra-broad spectrum of action, some of them also being active on the New Delhi metal-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1), which can hydrolyze all available BLAs except for aztreonam. To not duplicate the existing review concerning this topic, we have herein examined BLEsIs by a chemistry approach. To this end, we have reviewed both the long-established synthesis adopted to prepare the old BLEsIs, those proposed to achieve the BLEsIs that are newly approved, and those recently reported to prepare the most relevant molecules yet in development, which have shown high potency, providing for each synthesis the related reaction scheme.
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21
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Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli: Beta-Lactam Antibiotic and Heavy Metal Resistance. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11030328. [PMID: 35326791 PMCID: PMC8944441 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11030328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple-antibiotic-resistant (MAR) extra-intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) represents one of the most frequent causes of human nosocomial and community-acquired infections, whose eradication is of major concern for clinicians. ExPECs may inhabit indefinitely as commensal the gut of humans and other animals; from the intestine, they may move to colonize other tissues, where they are responsible for a number of diseases, including recurrent and uncomplicated UTIs, sepsis and neonatal meningitis. In the pre-antibiotic era, heavy metals were largely used as chemotherapeutics and/or as antimicrobials in human and animal healthcare. As with antibiotics, the global incidence of heavy metal tolerance in commensal, as well as in ExPEC, has increased following the ban in several countries of antibiotics as promoters of animal growth. Furthermore, it is believed that extensive bacterial exposure to heavy metals present in soil and water might have favored the increase in heavy-metal-tolerant microorganisms. The isolation of ExPEC strains with combined resistance to both antibiotics and heavy metals has become quite common and, remarkably, it has been recently shown that heavy metal resistance genes may co-select antibiotic-resistance genes. Despite their clinical relevance, the mechanisms underlining the development and spread of heavy metal tolerance have not been fully elucidated. The aim of this review is to present data regarding the development and spread of resistance to first-line antibiotics, such as beta-lactams, as well as tolerance to heavy metals in ExPEC strains.
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22
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Chigan JZ, Hu Z, Liu L, Xu YS, Ding HH, Yang KW. Quinolinyl sulfonamides and sulphonyl esters exhibit inhibitory efficacy against New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1). Bioorg Chem 2022; 120:105654. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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23
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Yun Y, Han S, Park YS, Park H, Kim D, Kim Y, Kwon Y, Kim S, Lee JH, Jeon JH, Lee SH, Kang LW. Structural Insights for Core Scaffold and Substrate Specificity of B1, B2, and B3 Metallo-β-Lactamases. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:752535. [PMID: 35095785 PMCID: PMC8792953 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.752535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) hydrolyze almost all β-lactam antibiotics, including penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems; however, no effective inhibitors are currently clinically available. MBLs are classified into three subclasses: B1, B2, and B3. Although the amino acid sequences of MBLs are varied, their overall scaffold is well conserved. In this study, we systematically studied the primary sequences and crystal structures of all subclasses of MBLs, especially the core scaffold, the zinc-coordinating residues in the active site, and the substrate-binding pocket. We presented the conserved structural features of MBLs in the same subclass and the characteristics of MBLs of each subclass. The catalytic zinc ions are bound with four loops from the two central β-sheets in the conserved αβ/βα sandwich fold of MBLs. The three external loops cover the zinc site(s) from the outside and simultaneously form a substrate-binding pocket. In the overall structure, B1 and B2 MBLs are more closely related to each other than they are to B3 MBLs. However, B1 and B3 MBLs have two zinc ions in the active site, while B2 MBLs have one. The substrate-binding pocket is different among all three subclasses, which is especially important for substrate specificity and drug resistance. Thus far, various classes of β-lactam antibiotics have been developed to have modified ring structures and substituted R groups. Currently available structures of β-lactam-bound MBLs show that the binding of β-lactams is well conserved according to the overall chemical structure in the substrate-binding pocket. Besides β-lactam substrates, B1 and cross-class MBL inhibitors also have distinguished differences in the chemical structure, which fit well to the substrate-binding pocket of MBLs within their inhibitory spectrum. The systematic structural comparison among B1, B2, and B3 MBLs provides in-depth insight into their substrate specificity, which will be useful for developing a clinical inhibitor targeting MBLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeongjin Yun
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sangjun Han
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon Sik Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyunjae Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dogyeong Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeseul Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yongdae Kwon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sumin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Hun Lee
- National Leading Research Laboratory of Drug Resistance Proteomics, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Jeon
- National Leading Research Laboratory of Drug Resistance Proteomics, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Sang Hee Lee
- National Leading Research Laboratory of Drug Resistance Proteomics, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Sang Hee Lee,
| | - Lin-Woo Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
- Lin-Woo Kang,
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24
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Twidale RM, Hinchliffe P, Spencer J, Mulholland AJ. Crystallography and QM/MM Simulations Identify Preferential Binding of Hydrolyzed Carbapenem and Penem Antibiotics to the L1 Metallo-β-Lactamase in the Imine Form. J Chem Inf Model 2021; 61:5988-5999. [PMID: 34637298 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.1c00663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Widespread bacterial resistance to carbapenem antibiotics is an increasing global health concern. Resistance has emerged due to carbapenem-hydrolyzing enzymes, including metallo-β-lactamases (MβLs), but despite their prevalence and clinical importance, MβL mechanisms are still not fully understood. Carbapenem hydrolysis by MβLs can yield alternative product tautomers with the potential to access different binding modes. Here, we show that a combined approach employing crystallography and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) simulations allow tautomer assignment in MβL:hydrolyzed antibiotic complexes. Molecular simulations also examine (meta)stable species of alternative protonation and tautomeric states, providing mechanistic insights into β-lactam hydrolysis. We report the crystal structure of the hydrolyzed carbapenem ertapenem bound to the L1 MβL from Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and model alternative tautomeric and protonation states of both hydrolyzed ertapenem and faropenem (a related penem antibiotic), which display different binding modes with L1. We show how the structures of both complexed β-lactams are best described as the (2S)-imine tautomer with the carboxylate formed after β-lactam ring cleavage deprotonated. Simulations show that enamine tautomer complexes are significantly less stable (e.g., showing partial loss of interactions with the L1 binuclear zinc center) and not consistent with experimental data. Strong interactions of Tyr32 and one zinc ion (Zn1) with ertapenem prevent a C6 group rotation, explaining the different binding modes of the two β-lactams. Our findings establish the relative stability of different hydrolyzed (carba)penem forms in the L1 active site and identify interactions important to stable complex formation, information that should assist inhibitor design for this important antibiotic resistance determinant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M Twidale
- Centre for Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Philip Hinchliffe
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, U.K
| | - James Spencer
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, U.K
| | - Adrian J Mulholland
- Centre for Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
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25
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Medina FE, Jaña GA. QM/MM Study of a VIM-1 Metallo-β-Lactamase Enzyme: The Catalytic Reaction Mechanism. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola E. Medina
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Autopista Concepción-Talcahuano, 7100 Talcahuano, Chile
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, 4051381 Concepción, Chile
| | - Gonzalo A. Jaña
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Autopista Concepción-Talcahuano, 7100 Talcahuano, Chile
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26
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Chigan JZ, Li JQ, Ding HH, Xu YS, Liu L, Chen C, Yang KW. Hydroxamates as a potent skeleton for the development of metallo-β-lactamase inhibitors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 99:362-372. [PMID: 34862744 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial resistance caused by metallo-β-lactamases (MβLs) has become an emerging public health threat, and the development of MβLs inhibitor is an effective way to overcome the resistance. In this study, thirteen novel O-aryloxycarbonyl hydroxamates were constructed and assayed against MβLs. The obtained molecules specifically inhibited imipenemase-1 (IMP-1) and New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1, exhibiting an IC50 value in the range of 0.10-18.42 and 0.23-22.33 μM, respectively. The hydroxamate 5 was found to be the most potent inhibitor, with an IC50 of 0.1 and 0.23 μM using meropenem and cefazolin as substrates. ICP-MS analysis showed that 5 did not coordinate to the Zn(II) ions at the active site of IMP-1, while the rapid dilution, thermal shift and MALDI-TOF assays revealed that the hydroxamate formed a covalent bond with the enzyme. Cytotoxicity assays indicated that the hydroxamates have low toxicity in MCF-7 cells. This work provided a potent scaffold for the development of MβLs inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Zhu Chigan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jia-Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huan-Huan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yin-Sui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ke-Wu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
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27
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Cafiero JH, Martini MC, Lozano MJ, Vacca C, Lagares A, Tomatis PE, Del Papa MF. BioF is a novel B2 metallo-β-lactamase from Pseudomonas sp. isolated from an on-farm biopurification system. Environ Microbiol 2021; 24:1247-1262. [PMID: 34725905 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance represents a major global health concern and environmental bacteria are considered a source of resistance genes. Carbapenems are often used as the last antibiotic option to treat multidrug-resistant bacteria. Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) are able to render resistance to almost all β-lactam antibiotics, including carbapenems. Unfortunately, there are no inhibitors against MBLs for clinical use. Subclass B2 MBLs are the only enzymes working as strict carbapenemases, under-represented, encoded in chromosome genes and only functional as mono-zinc enzymes. Despite current efforts in MBLs inhibitor development, B2 carbapenemase activity is especially difficult to suppress, even in vitro. In this study we characterized BioF, a novel subclass B2 MBL identified in a new environmental Pseudomonas sp. strain isolated from an on-farm biopurification system (BPS). Although blaBioF is most likely a chromosomal gene, it is found in a genomic island and may represent a step previous to the horizontal transmission of B2 genes. The new B2 MBL is active as a mono-zinc enzyme and is a potent carbapenemase with incipient activity against some cephalosporins. BioF activity is not affected by excess zinc and is only inhibited at high metal chelator concentrations. The discovery and characterization of B2 MBL BioF as a potent carbapenemase in a BPS bacterial isolate emphasizes the importance of exploring antibiotic resistances existing in the environmental microbiota under the influence of human activities before they could emerge clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Hilario Cafiero
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM, CCT-CONICET-La Plata), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 115 entre 49 y 50, La Plata, 1900, Argentina
| | - María Carla Martini
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM, CCT-CONICET-La Plata), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 115 entre 49 y 50, La Plata, 1900, Argentina
| | - Mauricio Javier Lozano
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM, CCT-CONICET-La Plata), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 115 entre 49 y 50, La Plata, 1900, Argentina
| | - Carolina Vacca
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM, CCT-CONICET-La Plata), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 115 entre 49 y 50, La Plata, 1900, Argentina
| | - Antonio Lagares
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM, CCT-CONICET-La Plata), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 115 entre 49 y 50, La Plata, 1900, Argentina
| | - Pablo Emiliano Tomatis
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR, CONICET-UNR), Ocampo y Esmeralda, Rosario, 2000, Argentina.,Área Biofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, Rosario, 2000, Argentina
| | - María Florencia Del Papa
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM, CCT-CONICET-La Plata), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 115 entre 49 y 50, La Plata, 1900, Argentina
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28
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On the Offensive: the Role of Outer Membrane Vesicles in the Successful Dissemination of New Delhi Metallo-β-lactamase (NDM-1). mBio 2021; 12:e0183621. [PMID: 34579567 PMCID: PMC8546644 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01836-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence and worldwide dissemination of carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria are a major public health threat. Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) represent the largest family of carbapenemases. Regrettably, these resistance determinants are spreading worldwide. Among them, the New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM-1) is experiencing the fastest and largest geographical spread. NDM-1 β-lactamase is anchored to the bacterial outer membrane, while most MBLs are soluble, periplasmic enzymes. This unique cellular localization favors the selective secretion of active NDM-1 into outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). Here, we advance the idea that NDM-containing vesicles serve as vehicles for the local dissemination of NDM-1. We show that OMVs with NDM-1 can protect a carbapenem-susceptible strain of Escherichia coli upon treatment with meropenem in a Galleria mellonella infection model. Survival curves of G. mellonella revealed that vesicle encapsulation enhances the action of NDM-1, prolonging and favoring bacterial protection against meropenem inside the larva hemolymph. We also demonstrate that E. coli cells expressing NDM-1 protect a susceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain within the larvae in the presence of meropenem. By using E. coli variants engineered to secrete variable amounts of NDM-1, we demonstrate that the protective effect correlates with the amount of NDM-1 secreted into vesicles. We conclude that secretion of NDM-1 into OMVs contributes to the survival of otherwise susceptible nearby bacteria at infection sites. These results disclose that OMVs play a role in the establishment of bacterial communities, in addition to traditional horizontal gene transfer mechanisms.
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29
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Mora-Ochomogo M, Lohans CT. β-Lactam antibiotic targets and resistance mechanisms: from covalent inhibitors to substrates. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:1623-1639. [PMID: 34778765 PMCID: PMC8528271 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00200g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The β-lactams are the most widely used antibacterial agents worldwide. These antibiotics, a group that includes the penicillins and cephalosporins, are covalent inhibitors that target bacterial penicillin-binding proteins and disrupt peptidoglycan synthesis. Bacteria can achieve resistance to β-lactams in several ways, including the production of serine β-lactamase enzymes. While β-lactams also covalently interact with serine β-lactamases, these enzymes are capable of deacylating this complex, treating the antibiotic as a substrate. In this tutorial-style review, we provide an overview of the β-lactam antibiotics, focusing on their covalent interactions with their target proteins and resistance mechanisms. We begin by describing the structurally diverse range of β-lactam antibiotics and β-lactamase inhibitors that are currently used as therapeutics. Then, we introduce the penicillin-binding proteins, describing their functions and structures, and highlighting their interactions with β-lactam antibiotics. We next describe the classes of serine β-lactamases, exploring some of the mechanisms by which they achieve the ability to degrade β-lactams. Finally, we introduce the l,d-transpeptidases, a group of bacterial enzymes involved in peptidoglycan synthesis which are also targeted by β-lactam antibiotics. Although resistance mechanisms are now prevalent for all antibiotics in this class, past successes in antibiotic development have at least delayed this onset of resistance. The β-lactams continue to be an essential tool for the treatment of infectious disease, and recent advances (e.g., β-lactamase inhibitor development) will continue to support their future use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher T Lohans
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada
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30
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Hinchliffe P, Moreno DM, Rossi MA, Mojica MF, Martinez V, Villamil V, Spellberg B, Drusano GL, Banchio C, Mahler G, Bonomo RA, Vila AJ, Spencer J. 2-Mercaptomethyl Thiazolidines (MMTZs) Inhibit All Metallo-β-Lactamase Classes by Maintaining a Conserved Binding Mode. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:2697-2706. [PMID: 34355567 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) production in Gram-negative bacteria is an important contributor to β-lactam antibiotic resistance. Combining β-lactams with β-lactamase inhibitors (BLIs) is a validated route to overcoming resistance, but MBL inhibitors are not available in the clinic. On the basis of zinc utilization and sequence, MBLs are divided into three subclasses, B1, B2, and B3, whose differing active-site architectures hinder development of BLIs capable of "cross-class" MBL inhibition. We previously described 2-mercaptomethyl thiazolidines (MMTZs) as B1 MBL inhibitors (e.g., NDM-1) and here show that inhibition extends to the clinically relevant B2 (Sfh-I) and B3 (L1) enzymes. MMTZs inhibit purified MBLs in vitro (e.g., Sfh-I, Ki 0.16 μM) and potentiate β-lactam activity against producer strains. X-ray crystallography reveals that inhibition involves direct interaction of the MMTZ thiol with the mono- or dizinc centers of Sfh-I/L1, respectively. This is further enhanced by sulfur-π interactions with a conserved active site tryptophan. Computational studies reveal that the stereochemistry at chiral centers is critical, showing less potent MMTZ stereoisomers (up to 800-fold) as unable to replicate sulfur-π interactions in Sfh-I, largely through steric constraints in a compact active site. Furthermore, in silico replacement of the thiazolidine sulfur with oxygen (forming an oxazolidine) resulted in less favorable aromatic interactions with B2 MBLs, though the effect is less than that previously observed for the subclass B1 enzyme NDM-1. In the B3 enzyme L1, these effects are offset by additional MMTZ interactions with the protein main chain. MMTZs can therefore inhibit all MBL classes by maintaining conserved binding modes through different routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Hinchliffe
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences
Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, U.K
| | - Diego M. Moreno
- Instituto de Química de Rosario (IQUIR, CONICET-UNR), Suipacha 570, S2002LRK Rosario, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, S2002LRK Rosario, Argentina
| | - Maria-Agustina Rossi
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR, CONICET-UNR), Ocampo and Esmeralda, S2002LRK Rosario, Argentina
| | - Maria F. Mojica
- Infectious Diseases Department, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Grupo de Resistencia Antimicrobiana y Epidemiología Hospitalaria, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá 11001, DC Colombia
| | - Veronica Martinez
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República (UdelaR), Avda. General Flores 2124, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Valentina Villamil
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República (UdelaR), Avda. General Flores 2124, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Brad Spellberg
- Los Angeles County and University of Southern California (LAC + USC) Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90033, United States
| | - George L. Drusano
- Center for Pharmacometrics and Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Orlando, Florida 32827-7400, United States
| | - Claudia Banchio
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, S2002LRK Rosario, Argentina
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR, CONICET-UNR), Ocampo and Esmeralda, S2002LRK Rosario, Argentina
| | - Graciela Mahler
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República (UdelaR), Avda. General Flores 2124, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Robert A. Bonomo
- Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Medical Service, GRECC, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- CWRU-Cleveland VAMC Center for Antimicrobial Resistance and Epidemiology (Case VA CARES), Cleveland, Ohio 44106,United States
| | - Alejandro J. Vila
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, S2002LRK Rosario, Argentina
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR, CONICET-UNR), Ocampo and Esmeralda, S2002LRK Rosario, Argentina
| | - James Spencer
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences
Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, U.K
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31
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Dual Activity BLEG-1 from Bacillus lehensis G1 Revealed Structural Resemblance to B3 Metallo-β-Lactamase and Glyoxalase II: An Insight into Its Enzyme Promiscuity and Evolutionary Divergence. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179377. [PMID: 34502284 PMCID: PMC8431146 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) are class B β-lactamases from the metallo-hydrolase-like MBL-fold superfamily which act on a broad range of β-lactam antibiotics. A previous study on BLEG-1 (formerly called Bleg1_2437), a hypothetical protein from Bacillus lehensis G1, revealed sequence similarity and activity to B3 subclass MBLs, despite its evolutionary divergence from these enzymes. Its relatedness to glyoxalase II (GLXII) raises the possibility of its enzymatic promiscuity and unique structural features compared to other MBLs and GLXIIs. This present study highlights that BLEG-1 possessed both MBL and GLXII activities with similar catalytic efficiencies. Its crystal structure revealed highly similar active site configuration to YcbL and GloB GLXIIs from Salmonella enterica, and L1 B3 MBL from Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. However, different from GLXIIs, BLEG-1 has an insertion of an active-site loop, forming a binding cavity similar to B3 MBL at the N-terminal region. We propose that BLEG-1 could possibly have evolved from GLXII and adopted MBL activity through this insertion.
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Feder D, Mohd-Pahmi SH, Hussein WM, Guddat LW, McGeary RP, Schenk G. Rational Design of Potent Inhibitors of a Metallohydrolase Using a Fragment-Based Approach. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:3342-3359. [PMID: 34331400 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Metallohydrolases form a large group of enzymes that have fundamental importance in a broad range of biological functions. Among them, the purple acid phosphatases (PAPs) have gained attention due to their crucial role in the acquisition and use of phosphate by plants and also as a promising target for novel treatments of bone-related disorders and cancer. To date, no crystal structure of a mammalian PAP with drug-like molecules bound near the active site is available. Herein, we used a fragment-based design approach using structures of a mammalian PAP in complex with the MaybridgeTM fragment CC063346, the amino acid L-glutamine and the buffer molecule HEPES, as well as various solvent molecules to guide the design of highly potent and efficient mammalian PAP inhibitors. These inhibitors have improved aqueous solubility when compared to the clinically most promising PAP inhibitors available to date. Furthermore, drug-like fragments bound in newly discovered binding sites mapped out additional scaffolds for further inhibitor discovery, as well as scaffolds for the design of inhibitors with novel modes of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Feder
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Siti H Mohd-Pahmi
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Waleed M Hussein
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Luke W Guddat
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Ross P McGeary
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Gerhard Schenk
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.,Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.,Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
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Kinetic and Structural Characterization of the First B3 Metallo-β-Lactamase with an Active Site Glutamic Acid. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2021; 65:e0093621. [PMID: 34310207 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00936-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The structural diversity in metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs), especially in the vicinity of the active site, has been a major hurdle in the development of clinically effective inhibitors. Representatives from three variants of the B3 MBL subclass, containing either the canonical HHH/DHH active site motif (present in the majority of MBLs in this subclass) or the QHH/DHH (B3-Q) or HRH/DQK (B3-RQK) variations were reported previously. Here, we describe the structure and kinetic properties of the first example (SIE-1) of a fourth variant containing the EHH/DHH active site motif (B3-E). SIE-1 was identified in the hexachlorocyclohexane-degrading bacterium Sphingobium indicum, and kinetic analyses demonstrate that although it is active against a wide range of antibiotics its efficiency is lower than that of other B3 MBLs, but with improved efficiency towards cephalosporins relative to other β-lactam substrates. The overall fold of SIE-1 is characteristic of the MBLs; the notable variation is observed in the Zn1 site due to the replacement of the canonical His116 by a glutamate. The unusual preference of SIE-1 for cephalosporins and its occurrence in a widespread environmental organism suggests scope for increased MBL-mediated β-lactam resistance. It is thus relevant to include SIE-1 into MBL inhibitor design studies to widen the therapeutic scope of much needed anti-resistance drugs.
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Saha SB, Gupta VK, Ramteke PW. uCARE Chem Suite and uCAREChemSuiteCLI: Tools for bacterial resistome prediction. Genes Dis 2021; 8:721-729. [PMID: 34291144 PMCID: PMC8278538 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the era of antibiotic resistance, in silico prediction of bacterial resistome profiles, likely to be associated with inactivation of new potential antibiotics is of utmost importance. Despite this, to the best of our knowledge, no tool exists for such prediction. Therefore, under the rationale that drugs with similar structures have similar resistome profiles, we developed two models, a deterministic model and a stochastic model, to predict the bacterial resistome likely to neutralize uncharacterized but potential chemical structures. The current version of the tool involves the prediction of a resistome for Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The deterministic model on omitting two diverse but relatively less characterized drug classes, polyketides and polypeptides showed an accuracy of 87%, a sensitivity of 85%, and a precision of 89%, whereas the stochastic model predicted antibiotic classes of the test set compounds with an accuracy of 72%, a sensitivity of 75%, and a precision of 83%. The models have been implemented in both a standalone package and an online server, uCAREChemSuiteCLI and uCARE Chem Suite, respectively. In addition to resistome prediction, the online version of the suite enables the user to visualize the chemical structure, classify compounds in 19 predefined drug classes, perform pairwise alignment, and cluster with database compounds using a graphical user interface. Availability uCARE Chem Suite can be browsed at: https://sauravsaha.shinyapps.io/ucarechemsuite2/, and uCAREChemSuiteCLI can be installed from: 1. CRAN (https://cran.r-project.org/package=uCAREChemSuiteCLI) and 2. GitHub (https://github.com/sauravbsaha/uCAREChemSuiteCLI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurav Bhaskar Saha
- Department of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, JIBB, SHUATS, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, 211007, India
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia Tee 15, Tallinn, 12618, Estonia
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Bahr G, González LJ, Vila AJ. Metallo-β-lactamases in the Age of Multidrug Resistance: From Structure and Mechanism to Evolution, Dissemination, and Inhibitor Design. Chem Rev 2021; 121:7957-8094. [PMID: 34129337 PMCID: PMC9062786 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is one of the major problems in current practical medicine. The spread of genes coding for resistance determinants among bacteria challenges the use of approved antibiotics, narrowing the options for treatment. Resistance to carbapenems, last resort antibiotics, is a major concern. Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) hydrolyze carbapenems, penicillins, and cephalosporins, becoming central to this problem. These enzymes diverge with respect to serine-β-lactamases by exhibiting a different fold, active site, and catalytic features. Elucidating their catalytic mechanism has been a big challenge in the field that has limited the development of useful inhibitors. This review covers exhaustively the details of the active-site chemistries, the diversity of MBL alleles, the catalytic mechanism against different substrates, and how this information has helped developing inhibitors. We also discuss here different aspects critical to understand the success of MBLs in conferring resistance: the molecular determinants of their dissemination, their cell physiology, from the biogenesis to the processing involved in the transit to the periplasm, and the uptake of the Zn(II) ions upon metal starvation conditions, such as those encountered during an infection. In this regard, the chemical, biochemical and microbiological aspects provide an integrative view of the current knowledge of MBLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Bahr
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR), CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Ocampo y Esmeralda S/N, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
- Area Biofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Lisandro J. González
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR), CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Ocampo y Esmeralda S/N, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
- Area Biofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Alejandro J. Vila
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR), CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Ocampo y Esmeralda S/N, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
- Area Biofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
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Thiosemicarbazones exhibit inhibitory efficacy against New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1). J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2021; 74:574-579. [PMID: 34234284 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-021-00440-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The superbug infection caused by metallo-β-lactamases (MβLs) carrying drug-resistant bacteria, specifically, New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM-1) has become an emerging threat. In an effort to develop novel inhibitors of NDM-1, thirteen thiosemicarbazones (1a-1m) were synthesized and assayed. The obtained molecules specifically inhibited NDM-1, with an IC50 in the range of 0.88-20.2 µM, and 1a and 1f were found to be the potent inhibitors (IC50 = 1.79 and 0.88 μM) using cefazolin as substrate. ITC and kinetic assays indicated that 1a irreversibly and non-competitively inhibited NDM-1 in vitro. Importantly, MIC assays revealed that these molecules by themselves can sterilize NDM-producing clinical isolates EC01 and EC08, exhibited 78-312-fold stronger activities than the cefazolin. MIC assays suggest that 1a (16 μg ml-1) has synergistic antimicrobial effect with ampicillin, cefazolin and meropenem on E. coli producing NDM-1, resulting in MICs of 4-32-, 4-32-, and 4-8-fold decrease, respectively. These studies indicate that the thiosemicarbazide is a valuable scaffold for the development of inhibitors of NDM-1 and NDM-1 carrying drug-resistant bacteria.
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Gao H, Li JQ, Kang PW, Chigan JZ, Wang H, Liu L, Xu YS, Zhai L, Yang KW. N-acylhydrazones confer inhibitory efficacy against New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1. Bioorg Chem 2021; 114:105138. [PMID: 34229201 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The expression of β-lactamases, especially metallo-β-lactamases (MβLs) in bacteria is one of the main causes of drug resistance. In this work, an effective N-acylhydrazone scaffold as MβL inhibitor was constructed and characterized. The biological activity assays indicated that the synthesized N-acylhydrazones 1-11 preferentially inhibited MβL NDM-1, and 1 was found to be the most effective inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.2 µM. Analysis of IC50 data revealed a structure-activity relationship, which is that the pyridine and hydroxylbenzene substituents at 2-position improved inhibition of the compounds on NDM-1. ITC and enzyme kinetics assays suggested that it reversibly and competitively inhibited NDM-1 (Ki = 0.29 ± 0.05 µM). The synthesized N-acylhydrazones showed synergistic antibacterial activities with meropenem, reduced 4-16-fold MIC of meropenem on NDM-1- producing E. coli BL21 (DE3), while 1 restored 4-fold activity of meropenem on K. pneumonia expressing NDM-1 (NDM-K. pneumoniae). The mice experiments suggested that 1 combined meropenem to fight against NDM-K. pneumoniae infection in the spleen and liver. Cytotoxicity assays showed that 1 and 2 have low cytotoxicity. This study offered a new framework for the development of NDM-1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Jia-Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Peng-Wei Kang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Jia-Zhu Chigan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Huan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Lu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Yin-Sui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Le Zhai
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 72101, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Ke-Wu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China.
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Kazi MI, Perry BW, Card DC, Schargel RD, Ali HB, Obuekwe VC, Sapkota M, Kang KN, Pellegrino MW, Greenberg DE, Castoe TA, Boll JM. Discovery and characterization of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 inhibitor peptides that potentiate meropenem-dependent killing of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. J Antimicrob Chemother 2021; 75:2843-2851. [PMID: 32591801 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkaa242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) are an emerging class of antimicrobial resistance enzymes that degrade β-lactam antibiotics, including last-resort carbapenems. Infections caused by carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) are increasingly prevalent, but treatment options are limited. While several serine-dependent β-lactamase inhibitors are formulated with commonly prescribed β-lactams, no MBL inhibitors are currently approved for combinatorial therapies. New compounds that target MBLs to restore carbapenem activity against CPE are therefore urgently needed. Herein we identified and characterized novel synthetic peptide inhibitors that bound to and inhibited NDM-1, which is an emerging β-lactam resistance mechanism in CPE. METHODS We leveraged Surface Localized Antimicrobial displaY (SLAY) to identify and characterize peptides that inhibit NDM-1, which is a primary carbapenem resistance mechanism in CPE. Lead inhibitor sequences were chemically synthesized and MBCs and MICs were calculated in the presence/absence of carbapenems. Kinetic analysis with recombinant NDM-1 and select peptides tested direct binding and supported NDM-1 inhibitor mechanisms of action. Inhibitors were also tested for cytotoxicity. RESULTS We identified approximately 1700 sequences that potentiated carbapenem-dependent killing against NDM-1 Escherichia coli. Several also enhanced meropenem-dependent killing of other CPE. Biochemical characterization of a subset indicated the peptides penetrated the bacterial periplasm and directly bound NDM-1 to inhibit enzymatic activity. Additionally, each demonstrated minimal haemolysis and cytotoxicity against mammalian cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Our approach advances a molecular platform for antimicrobial discovery, which complements the growing need for alternative antimicrobials. We also discovered lead NDM-1 inhibitors, which serve as a starting point for further chemical optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misha I Kazi
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Blair W Perry
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Daren C Card
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Richard D Schargel
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Hana B Ali
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Victor C Obuekwe
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Madhab Sapkota
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Katie N Kang
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Mark W Pellegrino
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - David E Greenberg
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Todd A Castoe
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Joseph M Boll
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
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Zhang H, Yang K, Cheng Z, Thomas C, Steinbrunner A, Pryor C, Vulcan M, Kemp C, Orea D, Paththamperuma C, Chen AY, Cohen SM, Page RC, Tierney DL, Crowder MW. Spectroscopic and biochemical characterization of metallo-β-lactamase IMP-1 with dicarboxylic, sulfonyl, and thiol inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 40:116183. [PMID: 33965839 PMCID: PMC8170513 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In an effort to probe the biophysical mechanisms of inhibition for ten previously-reported inhibitors of metallo-β-lactamases (MBL) with MBL IMP-1, equilibrium dialysis, metal analyses coupled with atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), native state mass spectrometry (native MS), and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-VIS) were used. 6-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl) picolinic acid (1T5PA), ANT431, D/l-captopril, thiorphan, and tiopronin were shown to form IMP-1/Zn(II)/inhibitor ternary complexes, while dipicolinic acid (DPA) and 4-(3-aminophenyl)pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid (3AP-DPA) stripped some metal from the active site of IMP but also formed ternary complexes. DPA and 3AP-DPA stripped less metal from IMP-1 than from VIM-2 but stripped more metal from IMP-1 than from NDM-1. In contrast to a previous report, pterostilbene does not appear to bind to IMP-1 under our conditions. These results, along with previous studies, demonstrate similar mechanisms of inhibition toward different MBLs for different MBL inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - Kundi Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - Zishuo Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - Caitlyn Thomas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - Abbie Steinbrunner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - Cecily Pryor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - Maya Vulcan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - Claire Kemp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - Diego Orea
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | | | - Allie Y Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Seth M Cohen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Richard C Page
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - David L Tierney
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - Michael W Crowder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA.
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Antelo GT, Vila AJ, Giedroc DP, Capdevila DA. Molecular Evolution of Transition Metal Bioavailability at the Host-Pathogen Interface. Trends Microbiol 2021; 29:441-457. [PMID: 32951986 PMCID: PMC7969482 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The molecular evolution of the adaptive response at the host-pathogen interface has been frequently referred to as an 'arms race' between the host and bacterial pathogens. The innate immune system employs multiple strategies to starve microbes of metals. Pathogens, in turn, develop successful strategies to maintain access to bioavailable metal ions under conditions of extreme restriction of transition metals, or nutritional immunity. However, the processes by which evolution repurposes or re-engineers host and pathogen proteins to perform or refine new functions have been explored only recently. Here we review the molecular evolution of several human metalloproteins charged with restricting bacterial access to transition metals. These include the transition metal-chelating S100 proteins, natural resistance-associated macrophage protein-1 (NRAMP-1), transferrin, lactoferrin, and heme-binding proteins. We examine their coevolution with bacterial transition metal acquisition systems, involving siderophores and membrane-spanning metal importers, and the biological specificity of allosteric transcriptional regulatory proteins tasked with maintaining bacterial metallostasis. We also discuss the evolution of metallo-β-lactamases; this illustrates how rapid antibiotic-mediated evolution of a zinc metalloenzyme obligatorily occurs in the context of host-imposed nutritional immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliano T Antelo
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), C1405BWE Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro J Vila
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR, CONICET-UNR), Ocampo and Esmeralda, S2002LRK Rosario, Argentina; Área Biofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, S2002LRK Rosario, Argentina
| | - David P Giedroc
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
| | - Daiana A Capdevila
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), C1405BWE Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Li JQ, Gao H, Zhai L, Sun LY, Chen C, Chigan JZ, Ding HH, Yang KW. Dipyridyl-substituted thiosemicarbazone as a potent broad-spectrum inhibitor of metallo-β-lactamases. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 38:116128. [PMID: 33862468 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To combat the superbug infection caused by metallo-β-lactamases (MβLs), a dipyridyl-substituted thiosemicarbazone (DpC), was identified to be the broad-spectrum inhibitor of MβLs (NDM-1, VIM-2, IMP-1, ImiS, L1), with an IC50 value in the range of 0.021-1.08 µM. It reversibly and competitively inhibited NDM-1 with a Ki value of 10.2 nM. DpC showed broad-spectrum antibacterial effect on clinical isolate K. pneumonia, CRE, VRE, CRPA and MRSA, with MIC value ranged from 16 to 32 µg/mL, and exhibited synergistic antibacterial effect with meropenem on MβLs-producing bacteria, resulting in a 2-16-, 2-8-, and 8-fold reduction in MIC of meropenem against EC-MβLs, EC01-EC24, K. pneumonia, respectively. Moreover, mice experiments showed that DpC also had synergistic antibacterial action with meropenem. In this work, DpC was identified to be a potent scaffold for the development of broad-spectrum inhibitors of MβLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Han Gao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Le Zhai
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 72101, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Le-Yun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Jia-Zhu Chigan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Huan-Huan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Ke-Wu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China.
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Maurya RR, Mohan V, Singh P, Singh S, Bahadur I. A novel benzimidazole based cadmium (II) dinuclear complex as bioactive material with different coordination number and their interactions with BSA and HSA: Synthesis, characterization and docking studies. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Jackson AC, Pinter TBJ, Talley DC, Baker-Agha A, Patel D, Smith PJ, Franz KJ. Benzimidazole and Benzoxazole Zinc Chelators as Inhibitors of Metallo-β-Lactamase NDM-1. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:654-661. [PMID: 33211374 PMCID: PMC8114186 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial expression of β-lactamases, which hydrolyze β-lactam antibiotics, contributes to the growing threat of antibacterial drug resistance. Metallo-β-lactamases, such as NDM-1, use catalytic zinc ions in their active sites and hydrolyze nearly all clinically available β-lactam antibiotics. Inhibitors of metallo-β-lactamases are urgently needed to overcome this resistance mechanism. Zinc-binding compounds are promising leads for inhibitor development, as many NDM-1 inhibitors contain zinc-binding pharmacophores. Here, we evaluated 13 chelating agents containing benzimidazole and benzoxazole scaffolds as NDM-1 inhibitors. Six of the compounds showed potent inhibitory activity with IC50 values as low as 0.38 μM, and several compounds restored the meropenem susceptibility of NDM-1-expressing E. coli. Spectroscopic and docking studies suggest ternary complex formation as the mechanism of inhibition, making these compounds promising for development as NDM-1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel C Talley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
| | - Adnan Baker-Agha
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
| | - Dhruvil Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
| | - Paul J Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
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Rossi MA, Martinez V, Hinchliffe P, Mojica MF, Castillo V, Moreno DM, Smith R, Spellberg B, Drusano GL, Banchio C, Bonomo RA, Spencer J, Vila AJ, Mahler G. 2-Mercaptomethyl-thiazolidines use conserved aromatic-S interactions to achieve broad-range inhibition of metallo-β-lactamases. Chem Sci 2021; 12:2898-2908. [PMID: 34164056 PMCID: PMC8179362 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05172a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria are a major public health threat. Carbapenems are among the most potent antimicrobial agents that are commercially available to treat MDR bacteria. Bacterial production of carbapenem-hydrolysing metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) challenges their safety and efficacy, with subclass B1 MBLs hydrolysing almost all β-lactam antibiotics. MBL inhibitors would fulfil an urgent clinical need by prolonging the lifetime of these life-saving drugs. Here we report the synthesis and activity of a series of 2-mercaptomethyl-thiazolidines (MMTZs), designed to replicate MBL interactions with reaction intermediates or hydrolysis products. MMTZs are potent competitive inhibitors of B1 MBLs in vitro (e.g., K i = 0.44 μM vs. NDM-1). Crystal structures of MMTZ complexes reveal similar binding patterns to the most clinically important B1 MBLs (NDM-1, VIM-2 and IMP-1), contrasting with previously studied thiol-based MBL inhibitors, such as bisthiazolidines (BTZs) or captopril stereoisomers, which exhibit lower, more variable potencies and multiple binding modes. MMTZ binding involves thiol coordination to the Zn(ii) site and extensive hydrophobic interactions, burying the inhibitor more deeply within the active site than d/l-captopril. Unexpectedly, MMTZ binding features a thioether-π interaction with a conserved active-site aromatic residue, consistent with their equipotent inhibition and similar binding to multiple MBLs. MMTZs penetrate multiple Enterobacterales, inhibit NDM-1 in situ, and restore carbapenem potency against clinical isolates expressing B1 MBLs. Based on their inhibitory profile and lack of eukaryotic cell toxicity, MMTZs represent a promising scaffold for MBL inhibitor development. These results also suggest sulphur-π interactions can be exploited for general ligand design in medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Agustina Rossi
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR, CONICET-UNR) Ocampo and Esmeralda S2002LRK Rosario Argentina
| | - Veronica Martinez
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República (UdelaR) Avda. General Flores 2124 CC1157 Montevideo Uruguay
| | - Philip Hinchliffe
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk Bristol BS8 1TD UK
| | - Maria F Mojica
- Infectious Diseases Department, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH USA
- Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Cleveland OH USA
- Grupo de Resistencia Antimicrobiana y Epidemiología Hospitalaria, Universidad El Bosque Bogotá DC Colombia
| | - Valerie Castillo
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República (UdelaR) Avda. General Flores 2124 CC1157 Montevideo Uruguay
| | - Diego M Moreno
- Instituto de Química de Rosario (IQUIR, CONICET-UNR) Suipacha 570 S2002LRK Rosario Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario S2002LRK Rosario Argentina
| | - Ryan Smith
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk Bristol BS8 1TD UK
| | - Brad Spellberg
- Los Angeles County and University of Southern California (LAC + USC) Medical Center Los Angeles CA USA
| | - George L Drusano
- Center for Pharmacometrics and Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida Orlando FL USA
| | - Claudia Banchio
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR, CONICET-UNR) Ocampo and Esmeralda S2002LRK Rosario Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario S2002LRK Rosario Argentina
| | - Robert A Bonomo
- Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Cleveland OH USA
- Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine Cleveland OH USA
- Medical Service, GRECC, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Cleveland OH USA
- CWRU-Cleveland VAMC Center for Antimicrobial Resistance and Epidemiology (Case VA CARES) Cleveland OH USA
| | - James Spencer
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk Bristol BS8 1TD UK
| | - Alejandro J Vila
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR, CONICET-UNR) Ocampo and Esmeralda S2002LRK Rosario Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario S2002LRK Rosario Argentina
| | - Graciela Mahler
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República (UdelaR) Avda. General Flores 2124 CC1157 Montevideo Uruguay
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Soeung V, Lu S, Hu L, Judge A, Sankaran B, Prasad BVV, Palzkill T. A drug-resistant β-lactamase variant changes the conformation of its active-site proton shuttle to alter substrate specificity and inhibitor potency. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:18239-18255. [PMID: 33109613 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.016103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lys234 is one of the residues present in class A β-lactamases that is under selective pressure due to antibiotic use. Located adjacent to proton shuttle residue Ser130, it is suggested to play a role in proton transfer during catalysis of the antibiotics. The mechanism underpinning how substitutions in this position modulate inhibitor efficiency and substrate specificity leading to drug resistance is unclear. The K234R substitution identified in several inhibitor-resistant β-lactamase variants is associated with decreased potency of the inhibitor clavulanic acid, which is used in combination with amoxicillin to overcome β-lactamase-mediated antibiotic resistance. Here we show that for CTX-M-14 β-lactamase, whereas Lys234 is required for hydrolysis of cephalosporins such as cefotaxime, either lysine or arginine is sufficient for hydrolysis of ampicillin. Further, by determining the acylation and deacylation rates for cefotaxime hydrolysis, we show that both rates are fast, and neither is rate-limiting. The K234R substitution causes a 1500-fold decrease in the cefotaxime acylation rate but a 5-fold increase in kcat for ampicillin, suggesting that the K234R enzyme is a good penicillinase but a poor cephalosporinase due to slow acylation. Structural results suggest that the slow acylation by the K234R enzyme is due to a conformational change in Ser130, and this change also leads to decreased inhibition potency of clavulanic acid. Because other inhibitor resistance mutations also act through changes at Ser130 and such changes drastically reduce cephalosporin but not penicillin hydrolysis, we suggest that clavulanic acid paired with an oxyimino-cephalosporin rather than penicillin would impede the evolution of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Soeung
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shuo Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Liya Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Allison Judge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Banumathi Sankaran
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Berkeley Center for Structural Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - B V Venkataram Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Timothy Palzkill
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
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Li JQ, Sun LY, Jiang Z, Chen C, Gao H, Chigan JZ, Ding HH, Yang KW. Diaryl-substituted thiosemicarbazone: A potent scaffold for the development of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2020; 107:104576. [PMID: 33383326 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The superbug infection caused by New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM-1) has become an emerging public health threat. Inhibition of NDM-1 has proven challenging due to its shuttling between pathogenic bacteria. A potent scaffold, diaryl-substituted thiosemicarbazone, was constructed and assayed with metallo-β-lactamases (MβLs). The obtained twenty-six molecules specifically inhibited NDM-1 with IC50 0.038-34.7 µM range (except 1e, 2e, and 3d), and 1c is the most potent inhibitor (IC50 = 0.038 µM). The structure-activity relationship of synthetic thiosemicarbazones revealed that the diaryl-substitutes, specifically 2-pyridine and 2-hydroxylbenzene improved inhibitory activities of the inhibitors. The thiosemicarbazones exhibited synergistic antimycobacterial actions against E. coli-NDM-1, resulted a 2-512-fold reduction in MIC of meropenem, while 1c restored 16-256-, 16-, and 2-fold activity of the antibiotic on clinical isolates ECs, K. pneumonia and P. aeruginosa harboring NDM-1, respectively. Also, mice experiments showed that 1c had a synergistic antibacterial ability with meropenem, reduced the bacterial load clinical isolate EC08 in the spleen and liver. This work provided a highly promising scaffold for the development of NDM-1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Le-Yun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Zhihui Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, Guangzhou 510010, PR China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Han Gao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Jia-Zhu Chigan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Huan-Huan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Ke-Wu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China.
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A Degradation Product from Hydrolysate of Imipenem with Imis Broad-Spectrum Inhibits Metallo-β-Lactamases. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2020. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm.108141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Infections caused by metallo-β-lactamases (MβLs)-producing antibiotic-resistant bacteria pose a severe threat to public health. The synergistic use of current antibiotics in combination with MβL inhibitors is a promising therapeutic mode against these antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Objectives: The study aimed to probe the inhibition of MβLs and obtain the active component, P1, in the degradation product after imipenem was hydrolyzed by ImiS. Methods: The hydrolysis of two carbapenems with MβL ImiS was monitored by UV-Vis in real-time, and the degradation product from the leaving group produced after imipenem was hydrolyzed (but not for faropenem) was purified by HPLC to give one component, P1. Results: Kinetic assays revealed that P1 exhibited a broad-spectrum inhibition against VIM-2, NDM-1, ImiS, and L1, from three sub-classes of MβLs, with IC50 values of 8 - 32, 13.8 - 29.3, and 14.2 - 19.2 µM, using imipenem, cefazolin, and nitrocefin as substrates, respectively. Also, P1 showed synergistic antibacterial efficacy against drug-resistant Escherichia coli producing VIM-2, NDM-1, ImiS, and L1, in combination with antibiotics, restoring 16 to 32-fold and 32 to 128-fold efficacies of imipenem and cefazolin, respectively. Spectroscopic and Ellman's reagent analyses suggested that P1, a mercaptoethyl-form imidamide, is a mechanism-based inhibitor, while faropenem has no substrate inhibition, due to the lack of a leaving group. Conclusions: This work reveals that the hydrolysate of imipenem, a carbapenem with a good leaving group, can be used in screening for broad-spectrum inhibitors of MβLs.
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48
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Selvaraju G, Leow TC, Salleh AB, Normi YM. Design and Characterisation of Inhibitory Peptides against Bleg1_2478, an Evolutionary Divergent B3 Metallo-β-lactamase. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25245797. [PMID: 33316879 PMCID: PMC7763155 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, a hypothetical protein (HP) termed Bleg1_2437 (currently named Bleg1_2478) from Bacillus lehensis G1 was discovered to be an evolutionary divergent B3 subclass metallo-β-lactamase (MBL). Due to the scarcity of clinical inhibitors for B3 MBLs and the divergent nature of Bleg1_2478, this study aimed to design and characterise peptides as inhibitors against Bleg1_2478. Through in silico docking, RSWPWH and SSWWDR peptides with comparable binding energy to ampicillin were obtained. In vitro assay results showed RSWPWH and SSWWDR inhibited the activity of Bleg1_2478 by 50% at concentrations as low as 0.90 µM and 0.50 µM, respectively. At 10 µM of RSWPWH and 20 µM of SSWWDR, the activity of Bleg1_2478 was almost completely inhibited. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) analyses showed slightly improved binding properties of the peptides compared to ampicillin. Docked peptide-protein complexes revealed that RSWPWH bound near the vicinity of the Bleg1_2478 active site while SSWWDR bound at the center of the active site itself. We postulate that the peptides caused the inhibition of Bleg1_2478 by reducing or blocking the accessibility of its active site from ampicillin, thus hampering its catalytic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri Selvaraju
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (G.S.); (T.C.L.); (A.B.S.)
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Thean Chor Leow
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (G.S.); (T.C.L.); (A.B.S.)
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Abu Bakar Salleh
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (G.S.); (T.C.L.); (A.B.S.)
| | - Yahaya M. Normi
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (G.S.); (T.C.L.); (A.B.S.)
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-3-9769-1941
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49
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Development of a new spectrophotometric assay for rapid detection and differentiation of KPC, MBL and OXA-48 carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2020; 56:106211. [PMID: 33172591 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.106211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The increased prevalence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) has made essential the design of quicker tests for CPE detection. In the present study, a simple and rapid assay was developed based on measurement of the hydrolytic activity of imipenem at a final concentration of 65 µg/mL (100 µM) through ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry. All measurements were conducted at 297 nm. A total of 83 carbapenem-non-susceptible CPE, consisting of Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates and genotypically characterised as KPC-, VIM-, NDM- or OXA-48-producers, were tested. For comparison, 30 carbapenem-non-susceptible clinical isolates, consisting of Escherichia coli and K. pneumoniae and genotypically confirmed as non-CPE, were also examined. The spectrophotometric assay enabled efficient discrimination of CPE from non-CPE isolates even in 45 min (P < 0.0001). Moreover, the presence of phenylboronic acid (PBA) or ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) in the reaction mixture was able to inhibit the hydrolytic capacity of KPC- or metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producers, respectively, while the hydrolytic activity of OXA-48-producing strains was not affected by the presence of these inhibitors (P < 0.001). The newly developed assay presented 100% sensitivity and specificity to detect and differentiate KPC-, MBL- and OXA-48-producers compared with genotypic characterisation. Thus, the proposed spectrophotometric method can be considered as an easy, fast, accurate and cost-effective diagnostic tool for screening carbapenem-non-susceptible K. pneumoniae isolates in the clinical laboratory.
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50
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Meena GG, Hanson RL, Wood RL, Brown OT, Stott MA, Robison RA, Pitt WG, Woolley AT, Hawkins AR, Schmidt H. 3× multiplexed detection of antibiotic resistant plasmids with single molecule sensitivity. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:3763-3771. [PMID: 33048071 PMCID: PMC7574402 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00640h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens resistant to antibiotics have become a serious health threat. Those species which have developed resistance against multiple drugs such as the carbapenems, are more lethal as these are last line therapy antibiotics. Current diagnostic tests for these resistance traits are based on singleplex target amplification techniques which can be time consuming and prone to errors. Here, we demonstrate a chip based optofluidic system with single molecule sensitivity for amplification-free, multiplexed detection of plasmids with genes corresponding to antibiotic resistance, within one hour. Rotating disks and microfluidic chips with functionalized polymer monoliths provided the upstream sample preparation steps to selectively extract these plasmids from blood spiked with E. coli DH5α cells. Waveguide-based spatial multiplexing using a multi-mode interference waveguide on an optofluidic chip was used for parallel detection of three different carbapenem resistance genes. These results point the way towards rapid, amplification-free, multiplex analysis of antibiotic-resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- G G Meena
- School of Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
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