1
|
Huang T, Fujioka T, Shimoyama D, Nomura K. Ethylene/Styrene Copolymerization by (Me 3SiC 5H 4)TiCl 2(O-2,6- iPr 2-4-RC 6H 2) (R = H, SiEt 3)-MAO Catalysts: Effect of SiMe 3 Group on Cp for Efficient Styrene Incorporation. Molecules 2024; 29:4473. [PMID: 39339468 PMCID: PMC11434206 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29184473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The synthesis and structural analysis of (Me3SiC5H4)TiCl2(OAr) [OAr = O-2,6-iPr2-4-RC6H2; R = H, SiEt3] revealed that it exhibits higher catalytic activities than (tBuC5H4)TiCl2(OAr), Cp*TiCl2(OAr), with efficient comonomer incorporation in ethylene/styrene copolymerization in the presence of a methylaluminoxane (MAO) cocatalyst. The catalytic activity in the copolymerization increased upon increasing the charged styrene concentration along with the increase in the styrene content in the copolymers, whereas the activities of other catalysts showed the opposite trend. (Me3SiC5H4)TiCl2(O-2,6-iPr2C6H3) displayed the most suitable catalyst performance in terms of its activity and styrene incorporation, affording amorphous copolymers with styrene contents higher than 50 mol% (up to 63.6 mol%) and with random styrene incorporation confirmed by 13C-NMR spectra.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji 192-0397, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiga Fujioka
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji 192-0397, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Shimoyama
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji 192-0397, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kotohiro Nomura
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji 192-0397, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li Y, Bao J, Liu Q, Tse MK, Chan MCW. Bis-[C(sp 3)-chelating] Ti 2 catalysts supported by arylene-1,4-diyl-2,3-X 2 bridges for olefin copolymerisation: X substituents impose conformational cooperative effects. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:14391-14398. [PMID: 39136437 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt02006e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis, spectroscopic characterisation and catalytic olefin polymerisation behaviour of a class of binuclear titanium bis(benzyl) complexes bearing bis-(pyridine-2-phenolate-6-methine)-[μ-(arylene-1,4-diyl-2,3-X2)] ligands [X2 = -C4H4- (1), F2 (2), H2 (3)], and mononuclear analogues, are described. These bimetallic catalyst frameworks are designed to exhibit a degree of conformational flexibility, which is regulated by steric effects and crucially permits tuning of intermetallic distances and geometry, yet their shape-persistent nature can also confer favourable entropic terms. Complexes 1-3 are characterised as two diastereomers [meso (RS) and rac (RR,SS)] in ratios of 1.32, 1.18 and 1.13 respectively, according to 1H NMR spectroscopy. In contrast to 3, [1H,1H]-ROESY experiments for 1 and 2 revealed that the X2 substituents can impose preferred conformations with syn orientations of Ti2 centres and benzyl groups, thus implying that the activated catalysts would present binding sites with the same direction of access. For ethylene-(1-octene) copolymerisation reactions, in conjunction with [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4], catalyst 1 displayed superior efficiencies and produced polymers with higher Mw values and enhanced comonomer incorporation ratios (up to 41%), when compared with the mononuclear 5m (22%). These results are indicative of enhanced comonomer enchainment and cooperative reactivity by the Ti2 sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Li
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Junhui Bao
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Man-Kit Tse
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Michael C W Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shen L, Zhai J, Huo Y, Wang X, Shi X. Bis(phosphinophenyl)amido-Ligated Binuclear Rare-Earth Metal Complexes for Highly cis-1,4-Selective Polymerization of 1,3-Conjugated Dienes. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024:e2400486. [PMID: 39141848 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
A series of binuclear rare-earth metal complexes based on the ligands containing bis(phosphinophenyl)amido-PNP unit are successfully synthesized. All the ligands and the corresponding binuclear complexes are fully characterized by NMR spectra (1H, 13C, and 31P). In conjunction with [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4], all the binuclear complexes exhibited high catalytic activity and high cis-1,4-selectivity (>99%) toward the polymerization of 1,3-conjugated dienes (isoprene, β-myrcene and β-farnesene) with excellent livingness at room temperature or even 80 °C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liying Shen
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Handan University, Handan, 056005, China
| | - Jingjing Zhai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yanchen Huo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xiuling Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xiaochao Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yan X, Chen W, Xie W, Wang X, So YM, Shi X. Binuclear Enamino-Oxazolinate Rare-Earth Metal Complexes: Synthesis and Their Catalytic Performance in Isoprene Polymerization. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:13358-13366. [PMID: 38946308 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
We have synthesized a series of binuclear rare-earth metal complexes bearing the newly designed enamino-oxazolinate ligands that feature bridging para-phenyl, meta-phenyl, 1,5-naphthalenyl, and 1,5-anthracenyl moieties. NMR and X-ray diffraction analyses confirmed the binuclear structures of the obtained complexes with two enamino-oxazolinate-metal units located at a trans position against the bridged aryl plane. After activation by [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4], all the rare-earth metal complexes served as efficient catalysts for isoprene polymerization, producing polymers with high cis-1,4 regularity (up to 96.1%) and high molecular weight. The steric and electronic effects exerted on the active metal centers, as well as the radius of metal centers, were the major contributing factors for determining both the catalytic activity and cis-1,4-selectivity of the binuclear catalytic systems. Compared to its mononuclear analogue, the binuclear yttrium catalytic system with a para-phenyl bridge exhibited a higher thermostability and catalytic efficiency during polymerization, revealing a special binuclear effect in this binuclear catalytic system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuyang Yan
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Wentao Chen
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Wang Xie
- Research Center for Composite Materials, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiuling Wang
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yat-Ming So
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 0000, China
| | - Xiaochao Shi
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen Y, Qu L, Roisnel T, Cordier M, Yuan D, Yao Y, Kirillov E. Studies on the Coordination Patterns of Diamine-Bridged Tetraphenoxy Ligands with Group 3 and 4 Metals. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:12774-12784. [PMID: 38935765 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Alkane elimination reactions between the diamino- and dianilino-bridged tetrakis(phenolate) proligands 1a,b-H4 and precursors M(CH2SiMe3)3(THF)2, M(CH2C6H4-o-NMe2)3 (M = Sc and Y), and Hf(CH2Ph)4 were investigated. The diamino-bridged 1a-H4 afforded nonsymmetric complex 2a-Y2 incorporating two metal centers in different coordination environments. This one and other dinuclear compounds 2b-Sc2, 2a-Hf2, and 2b-Hf2 were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and X-ray diffraction study (for 2a-Y2 and 2b-Sc2) and turned out to be symmetric in solution. Compound 2a-Y2, upon treatment with 2 equiv of 2-phenylpyridine, afforded symmetric bis(aryl) product 3a-Y2, which was authenticated by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. The mechanism of its formation was studied by DFT computations and presumably involves a cooperative reorganization process within the nonsymmetric parent 2a-Y2 to afford a symmetric isomer prior to its reaction with 2-phenylpyridine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Liye Qu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, Rennes F-35700, France
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Centre de Crystallographie, Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, Rennes F-35700, France
| | - Marie Cordier
- Centre de Crystallographie, Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, Rennes F-35700, France
| | - Dan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingming Yao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Evgueni Kirillov
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, Rennes F-35700, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang Y, Lai J, Gao R, Gou Q, Li B, Zheng G, Zhang R, Yue Q, Song Z, Guo Z. Recent Advances in Nickel Catalysts with Industrial Exploitability for Copolymerization of Ethylene with Polar Monomers. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1676. [PMID: 38932025 PMCID: PMC11207433 DOI: 10.3390/polym16121676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The direct copolymerization of ethylene with polar monomers to produce functional polyolefins continues to be highly appealing due to its simple operation process and controllable product microstructure. Low-cost nickel catalysts have been extensively utilized in academia for the synthesis of polar polyethylenes. However, the development of high-temperature copolymerization catalysts suitable for industrial production conditions remains a significant challenge. Classified by the resultant copolymers, this review provides a comprehensive summary of the research progress in nickel complex catalyzed ethylene-polar monomer copolymerization at elevated temperatures in the past five years. The polymerization results of ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene-tert-butyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene-other fundamental polar monomer copolymers, and ethylene-special polar monomer copolymers are thoroughly summarized. The involved nickel catalysts include the phosphine-phenolate type, bisphosphine-monoxide type, phosphine-carbonyl type, phosphine-benzenamine type, and the phosphine-enolate type. The effective modulation of catalytic activity, molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, melting point, and polar monomer incorporation ratio by these catalysts is concluded and discussed. It reveals that the optimization of the catalyst system is mainly achieved through the methods of catalyst structure rational design, extra additive introduction, and single-site catalyst heterogenization. As a result, some outstanding catalysts are capable of producing polar polyethylenes that closely resemble commercial products. To achieve industrialization, it is essential to further emphasize the fundamental science of high-temperature copolymerization systems and the application performance of resultant polar polyethylenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Polyethylene, SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China; (J.L.); (R.G.); (Q.G.); (B.L.); (G.Z.); (R.Z.); (Q.Y.); (Z.S.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zifang Guo
- Department of Polyethylene, SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China; (J.L.); (R.G.); (Q.G.); (B.L.); (G.Z.); (R.Z.); (Q.Y.); (Z.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Romero N, Chavagnan T, Roisnel T, Welle A, Kirillov E, Carpentier JF. Dinuclear group IV metal complexes based on a bis(indenyl)-( E/ Z)-stilbene platform: a potential prototype of "photoswitchable" catalysts for olefin polymerization. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:9452-9466. [PMID: 38767126 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00498a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The preparation of dizirconium complexes based on a novel bis(indenyl)-(E/Z)-stilbene platform was explored. Negishi coupling between the in situ-generated diorganozincates obtained from the respective o/m/p-(E/Z)-dibromostilbenes and the bromo-functionalized zirconocene (η5-Cp*)(η5-2-methyl-4-bromoindenyl)ZrCl2, or, alternatively, the preparation of bis(indene)stilbene pro-ligands {o/m/p-(E/Z)-BisIndSB}H2 through Negishi coupling of the corresponding dibromostilbenes with 4-bromoindene and subsequent metallation/transmetallation with Cp*ZrCl3 or Zr(NMe2)4, allowed the preparation of a series of dinuclear complexes. These were analyzed by NMR spectroscopy and some of them by iASAP-mass spectrometry and by X-ray diffraction studies. Experimental results were compared with DFT modelling of the targeted dinuclear complexes evidencing that the (E)-complexes are more stable by 7-11 kcal mol-1 than their (Z)-analogues. Thermal, uncontrolled isomerization of (Z)- to (E)-stilbene platform was observed experimentally for some systems, in the course of their synthesis, either from the (Z)-dibromostilbene reagent or on the dinuclear complexes resulting from the Negishi coupling. Photoisomerization of the (E)- and (Z)-{BisIndSB}H2 proligands and of complexes {o-(E)-BisIndSB}(Zr(NMe2)3)2 and {m-(E)-BisIndSB}(ZrCl2Cp*)2 was investigated under a variety of conditions. It proved effective for the proligands but induced decomposition of the dizirconium complexes. Time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) computations were performed to identify unambiguously the nature of the observed absorption bands and account for decomposition of the complexes. Preliminary ethylene/1-hexene homo- and copolymerization investigations did not evidence putative cooperativity phenomena within these dinuclear systems nor significantly differentiated behavior between the (Z)- and (E)-isomers of a given type of complex under the reaction conditions investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Romero
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Thierry Chavagnan
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, Centre de diffractométrie, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Alexandre Welle
- TotalEnergies OneTech Belgium, Zone Industrielle C, B-7181 Feluy, Belgium
| | - Evgueni Kirillov
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Jean-François Carpentier
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dashti A, Ahmadi M. Recent Advances in Controlled Production of Long-Chain Branched Polyolefins. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300746. [PMID: 38488683 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Polyolefins, composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms, dominate global polymer production. This stems from the wide range of physical and mechanical properties that various polyolefins can cover. Their versatile properties are largely tuned by chain microstructure, including molar mass distribution, comonomer content, and long-chain branching (LCB). Specifically, LCB imparts unique characteristics, notably enhances processability crucial for downstream applications. Tailoring LCB structural features has encouraged academic and industrial efforts, chronicle in this review from a chemistry standpoint. While encompassing post-reaction modification based traditional methods like peroxide grafting, ionizing beam irradiation, and coupling reactions, the main focus is given to catalyst-centric strategies and innovative polymerization schemes. The advent of single-site catalysts-metallocenes and late transition metals catalysts-amplifies interest in tailored chemical methods, but the progress in LCB formation flourishes via tandem catalytic systems and bimetallic catalysts under controlled reaction conditions. Specifically, the breakthrough in coordinative chain transfer polymerization unveils a novel avenue for controlled LCB synthesis by sequential chain propagation, transfer, liberation, and enchainment. This short review highlights recent approaches for the production of LCB polyolefins that can provide a roadmap crucial for researchers in academia and industry, steering their efforts toward further advancements in the production of tailored polyolefin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Dashti
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, 159163-4311, Iran
| | - Mostafa Ahmadi
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, 159163-4311, Iran
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wu R, Lenz TM, Alfayez FAS, Zhao R, Rupper P, Perret E, Lehner S, Jovic M, Gaan S, Rieger B, Heuberger M. Ambient Catalytic Spinning of Polyethylene Nanofibers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315326. [PMID: 38226704 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
A novel single-atom Ni(II) catalyst (Ni-OH) is covalently immobilized onto the nano-channels of mesoporous Santa Barbara Amorphous (SBA)-15 particles and isotropic Anodized Aluminum Oxide (AAO) membrane for confined-space ethylene extrusion polymerization. The presence of surface-tethered Ni complexes (Ni@SBA-15 and Ni@AAO) is confirmed by the inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In the catalytic spinning process, the produced PE materials exhibit very homogeneous fibrous morphology at nanoscale (diameter: ~50 nm). The synthesized PE nanofibers extrude in a highly oriented manner from the nano-reactors at ambient temperature. Remarkably high Mw (1.62×106 g mol-1 ), melting point (124 °C), and crystallinity (41.8 %) are observed among PE samples thanks to the confined-space polymerization. The chain-walking behavior of surface tethered Ni catalysts is greatly limited by the confinement inside the nano-channels, leading to the formation of very low-branched PE materials (13.6/1000 C). Due to fixed supported catalytic topology and room temperature, the filaments are expected to be free of entanglement. This work signifies an important step towards the realization of a continuous mild catalytic-spinning (CATSPIN) process, where the polymer is directly synthesized into fiber shape at negligible chain branching and elegantly avoiding common limitations like thermal degradation or molecular entanglement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruikai Wu
- Laboratory of Advanced Fibers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Department of Materials, ETH, Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tim M Lenz
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Fayez Abdullah S Alfayez
- Laboratory of Advanced Fibers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Ruohan Zhao
- Laboratory of Advanced Fibers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Rupper
- Laboratory of Advanced Fibers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Edith Perret
- Laboratory of Advanced Fibers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Sandro Lehner
- Laboratory of Advanced Fibers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Milijana Jovic
- Laboratory of Advanced Fibers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Sabyasachi Gaan
- Laboratory of Advanced Fibers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Manfred Heuberger
- Laboratory of Advanced Fibers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Department of Materials, ETH, Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lachguar A, Pichugov AV, Neumann T, Dubrawski Z, Camp C. Cooperative activation of carbon-hydrogen bonds by heterobimetallic systems. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:1393-1409. [PMID: 38126396 PMCID: PMC10804807 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03571a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The direct activation of C-H bonds has been a rich and active field of organometallic chemistry for many years. Recently, incredible progress has been made and important mechanistic insights have accelerated research. In particular, the use of heterobimetallic complexes to heterolytically activate C-H bonds across the two metal centers has seen a recent surge in interest. This perspective article aims to orient the reader in this fast moving field, highlight recent progress, give design considerations for further research and provide an optimistic outlook on the future of catalytic C-H functionalization with heterobimetallic complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhak Lachguar
- Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes & Materials, CP2M UMR 5128 CNRS-UCB Lyon 1-CPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Andrey V Pichugov
- Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes & Materials, CP2M UMR 5128 CNRS-UCB Lyon 1-CPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Till Neumann
- Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes & Materials, CP2M UMR 5128 CNRS-UCB Lyon 1-CPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Zachary Dubrawski
- Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes & Materials, CP2M UMR 5128 CNRS-UCB Lyon 1-CPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Clément Camp
- Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes & Materials, CP2M UMR 5128 CNRS-UCB Lyon 1-CPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Parfenova LV, Bikmeeva AK, Kovyazin PV, Khalilov LM. The Dimerization and Oligomerization of Alkenes Catalyzed with Transition Metal Complexes: Catalytic Systems and Reaction Mechanisms. Molecules 2024; 29:502. [PMID: 38276580 PMCID: PMC10820739 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Dimers and oligomers of alkenes represent a category of compounds that are in great demand in diverse industrial sectors. Among the developing synthetic methods, the catalysis of alkene dimerization and oligomerization using transition metal salts and complexes is of undoubted interest for practical applications. This approach demonstrates substantial potential, offering not only elevated reaction rates but also precise control over the chemo-, regio-, and stereoselectivity of the reactions. In this review, we discuss the data on catalytic systems for alkene dimerization and oligomerization. Our focus lies in the analysis of how the activity and chemoselectivity of these catalytic systems are influenced by various factors, such as the nature of the transition metal, the ligand environment, the activator, and the substrate structure. Notably, this review particularly discusses reaction mechanisms, encompassing metal complex activation, structural and dynamic features, and the reactivity of hydride intermediates, which serve as potential catalytically active centers in alkene dimerization and oligomerization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila V. Parfenova
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 141 Prospekt Oktyabrya, Ufa 450075, Russia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li Y, Liu Q, Bao J, Yiu SM, Chan MCW. Coplanar binuclear group 4 post-metallocene complexes supported by chelating μ-(σ 2-aryl) ligands: characterisation and olefin polymerisation catalysis. Dalton Trans 2023; 53:346-353. [PMID: 38050668 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03641c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
The report concerns expansion of the previously developed M-[O,N,C] [pyridine-2-phenolate-6-(σ-aryl)] catalyst system into rigid, coplanar bimetallic assemblies, which afford metal-metal distances that are predetermined yet amenable for cooperativity, as well as locked-in "syn" orientation of binding sites that offer the same direction of access for substrates. The binuclear complexes are generated in a regioselective manner to yield para hydrogen atoms (not ortho) at the central μ-aryl moiety, and have been characterised by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. The "anti" (showing opposite directions of access) and mononuclear analogues have also been prepared for comparison purposes. Six syn-type bimetallic derivatives of Ti, Zr and Hf have been characterised by X-ray crystallography, to reveal metal-metal separations of 6.3-6.7 Å. For ethylene and ethylene/1-octene polymerisation reactions in conjunction with trityl borate, the syn-Ti2 catalysts display superior efficiencies and produced polymers with higher Mw values than for the anti and mono-Ti congeners, thus indicating the possibility of favourable enchainment interactions and cooperative reactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Li
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Junhui Bao
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Shek-Man Yiu
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Michael C W Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Akram MO, Martin CD, Dutton JL. The Effect of Carborane Substituents on the Lewis Acidity of Boranes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:13495-13504. [PMID: 37560972 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The Lewis acidity of primary, secondary, and tertiary boranes with phenyl, pentafluorophenyl, and all three isomers of the C-substituted icosahedral carboranes (ortho, meta, and para) was investigated by computing their fluoride, hydride, and ammonia affinities as well as their global electrophilicity indices and LUMO energies. From these calculations, it was determined that the substituent effects on the Lewis acidity of these boranes follow the trend of ortho-carborane > meta-carborane > para-carborane > C6F5 > C6H5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manjur O Akram
- Baylor University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, One Bear Place #97348, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Caleb D Martin
- Baylor University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, One Bear Place #97348, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Jason L Dutton
- La Trobe University, Department of Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, Melbourne, Victoria 3086,Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nifant’ev IE, Komarov PD, Kostomarova OD, Kolosov NA, Ivchenko PV. MAO- and Borate-Free Activating Supports for Group 4 Metallocene and Post-Metallocene Catalysts of α-Olefin Polymerization and Oligomerization. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3095. [PMID: 37514483 PMCID: PMC10384419 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern industry of advanced polyolefins extensively uses Group 4 metallocene and post-metallocene catalysts. High-throughput polyolefin technologies demand the use of heterogeneous catalysts with a given particle size and morphology, high thermal stability, and controlled productivity. Conventional Group 4 metal single-site heterogeneous catalysts require the use of high-cost methylalumoxane (MAO) or perfluoroaryl borate activators. However, a number of inorganic phases, containing highly acidic Lewis and Brønsted sites, are able to activate Group 4 metal pre-catalysts using low-cost and affordable alkylaluminums. In the present review, we gathered comprehensive information on MAO- and borate-free activating supports of different types and discussed the surface nature and chemistry of these phases, examples of their use in the polymerization of ethylene and α-olefins, and prospects of the further development for applications in the polyolefin industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilya E. Nifant’ev
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Av. 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.E.N.); (P.D.K.)
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel D. Komarov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Av. 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.E.N.); (P.D.K.)
| | | | - Nikolay A. Kolosov
- NIOST LLC, Kuzovlevsky Tr. 2-270, 634067 Tomsk, Russia; (O.D.K.); (N.A.K.)
| | - Pavel V. Ivchenko
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Av. 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.E.N.); (P.D.K.)
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang Z, Jiang Y, Lei R, Zhang Y, Li S, Cui D. Proximity-Driven Synergic Copolymerization of Ethylene and Polar Monomers. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- Shanxi Coal Chemical Industry Technology Research Institute, Xi’an 710000, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Rui Lei
- Shanxi Coal Chemical Industry Technology Research Institute, Xi’an 710000, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Shihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Dongmei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yu J, Zhang D, Wang Q. Rigid Triptycene-Based Di- and Trinuclear Salicylaldiminato Nickel Cooperative Polymerization Catalysts. Organometallics 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jueqin Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 200438 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 200438 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quanrui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 200438 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Xing Y, Xu L, Liu S, Li Z. Dinuclear Group 4 Metal Complexes Bearing Anthracene-Bridged Bifunctional Amido-Ether Ligands: Remarkable Metal Effect and Cooperativity toward Ethylene/1-Octene Copolymerization. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:2859-2869. [PMID: 36719090 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Two types of bifunctional amido-ether ligands (syn-L and anti-L) with the rigid anthracene skeleton were designed to support dinuclear group 4 metal complexes. All organic ligands and organometallic complexes (syn-M2 and anti-M2; M = Hf, Zr, and Ti) were fully characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopies and elemental analyses. The anti-Hf2 complex showed two confirmations at room temperature with C2-symmetry or S2-symmetry that can inter-exchange, as indicated by VT NMR, while only a C2-symmetric isomer was observed for syn-Hf2 complex at room temperature. However, for Zr and Ti analogues, both syn and anti complexes exhibited only one conformation at room temperature. The molecular structures of complexes syn-Hf2, anti-Hf2, and syn-Ti2 in the solid state were further determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, revealing the distances between two metal centers in syn-M2 from 7.138 Å (syn-Ti2) to 7.321 Å (syn-Hf2) but a much farther separation in anti-M2 (8.807 Å in C2-symmetric anti-Hf2). The mononuclear complex (2-CH3O-C6H4-N-C14H9)Zr(NMe2)3 (mono-Zr1) was also prepared for control experiments. In the presence of alkyl aluminum (AlEt3) as the alkylating agent and trityl borate ([Ph3C][B(C6F5)4]) as the co-catalyst, all metal complexes were tested for copolymerization of ethylene with 1-octene at high temperature (130 °C). The preliminary polymerization results revealed that the activity was highly dependent upon the nature of metal centers, and syn-Zr2 showed the highest activity of 9600 kg(PE)·mol-1 (Zr)·h-1, which was about 17- and 2.2-fold higher than those of syn-Hf2 and syn-Ti2, respectively. Benefitting from both steric proximity and electronical interaction of two metal centers, syn-Zr2 exhibited significant cooperativity in comparison to anti-Zr2 and mono-Zr1, with regard to activity and molecular weight and 1-octene incorporation of resultant copolymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Xing
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Lingling Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Shaofeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Zhibo Li
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.,College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jung HJ, Nyamayaro K, Baalbaki HA, Goonesinghe C, Mehrkhodavandi P. Cooperative Initiation in a Dinuclear Indium Complex for CO 2 Epoxide Copolymerization. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:1968-1977. [PMID: 36688644 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Dinuclear indium complexes have been synthesized and characterized. These include neutral and cationic indium complexes supported by a Schiff base ligand bearing a binaphthol linker. The new compounds were investigated for alternating copolymerization of CO2 and cyclohexene oxide. In particular, the neutral indium chloride complex (±)-[(ONapNiN)InCl2]2 (4) showed high conversion of cyclohexene oxide and selectivity for poly(cyclohexene carbonate) formation without cocatalysts at 80 °C under various CO2 pressures (2-30 bar). Importantly, the reactivity of the dinuclear indium chloride complex 4 is drastically different from that of the mononuclear indium chloride complex (±)-(NNiOtBu)InCl2 (5), suggesting a cooperative initiation mechanism involving the two indium centers in 4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk-Joon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kudzanai Nyamayaro
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hassan A Baalbaki
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chatura Goonesinghe
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Parisa Mehrkhodavandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
In situ polymerization of ethylene with functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes using a zirconocene aluminohydride system in solution. POLYM ENG SCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.26257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
20
|
Dinuclear Reactivity of One Metal Exalted by the Second One. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2022_80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
21
|
Xue M, Luo Y, Ren S, Li T, You Q, Xie G. Phenyl-bridged bis-salicylaldiminato binuclear titanium complexes for ethylene (co)polymerization. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03410-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
22
|
Zhao Y, Li H, Xin S, Li H, Luo Y, He S. DFT Studies on the Early-Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Polymerization of Polar Monomers with a Methylene Spacer between Vinyl and Functional Groups. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Huashu Li
- PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Shixuan Xin
- PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Hao Li
- PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Shengbao He
- PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute, Beijing 102206, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Developments in late transition metal catalysts with high thermal stability for ethylene polymerization: A crucial aspect from laboratory to industrialization. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
24
|
Ghosh S, Schulte Y, Wölper C, Tjaberings A, Gröschel AH, Haberhauer G, Schulz S. Cooperative Effect in Binuclear Zinc Catalysts in the ROP of Lactide. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Swarup Ghosh
- Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, S07S03C30, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Yannick Schulte
- Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, S07S03C30, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, S07S03C30, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Alexander Tjaberings
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Münster and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), Busso-Peus-Strasse 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - André H. Gröschel
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Münster and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), Busso-Peus-Strasse 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gebhard Haberhauer
- Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, S07S05C39, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, S07S03C30, 45141 Essen, Germany
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mahmood Q, Li X, Qin L, Wang L, Sun WH. Structural evolution of iminopyridine support for nickel/palladium catalysts in ethylene (oligo)polymerization. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:14375-14407. [PMID: 36047748 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02251f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The interest in the late transition metal catalyst based design of new architectures of polyethylene (PE) has continuously been increasing over the last few years. The structure of these catalysts is predominantly important in controlling the morphological and architectural properties of the resulting polyethylene. Particularly, iminopyridine is a versatile bidentate support for Ni and Pd catalysts in ethylene (oligo)polymerization providing a wide variety of products ranging from volatile oligomers to ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. Extensive structural modifications have been induced in the iminopyridine ligand through steric and electronic substitution, tuning the catalyst behavior in terms of activity and properties of the resulting polymer. Carbocyclic-fused iminopyridine and N-oxide iminopyridine are the new state of the art iminopyridine ligand designs. In this review, we aim to summarize all the developments in mononuclear iminopyridine-nickel and -palladium catalysts for ethylene (oligo)polymerization since the first report published in 1999 to present, focusing on the correlation among the pre-catalyst, co-catalyst type, thermal stability and polymer/oligomer structure. For comparison, the structural variations in the binuclear iminopyridine-nickel catalysts are also described. The detailed comparison of the structural variations in these catalysts with respect to their polymerization performance will give deep understanding in the development of new efficient catalyst designs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qaiser Mahmood
- Guangdong Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shantou 515031, China.
| | - Xiaoxu Li
- Guangdong Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shantou 515031, China.
| | - Lidong Qin
- Guangdong Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shantou 515031, China.
| | - Luyao Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shantou 515031, China.
| | - Wen-Hua Sun
- Guangdong Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shantou 515031, China. .,Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhao Y, Xu X, Wang Y, Liu T, Li H, Zhang Y, Wang L, Wang X, Zhao S, Luo Y. Ancillary ligand effects on α-olefin polymerization catalyzed by zirconium metallocene: a computational study. RSC Adv 2022; 12:21111-21121. [PMID: 35975060 PMCID: PMC9341425 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03180a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The polymerization of α-olefins catalyzed by zirconium metallocene catalyst was systematically studied through experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Having achieved an agreement between theory and experiment, it was found that the effect of the catalyst ligand on the C[double bond, length as m-dash]C insertion reaction was significantly greater than that on the β-H elimination reaction. Therefore, the molecular weight of polymers can be increased by improving the activity of the C[double bond, length as m-dash]C insertion. In addition, in comparison with propylene, the chain length of α-olefins can directly affect the stereotacticity of polymerization products, owing to steric hindrance between the polymer chain and monomer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Xianming Xu
- Daqing Petrochemical Research Center of PetroChina Daqing 163714 China
| | - Yulong Wang
- Daqing Petrochemical Research Center of PetroChina Daqing 163714 China
| | - Tong Liu
- Daqing Petrochemical Research Center of PetroChina Daqing 163714 China
| | - Hongpeng Li
- Daqing Petrochemical Research Center of PetroChina Daqing 163714 China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- Daqing Petrochemical Research Center of PetroChina Daqing 163714 China
| | - Libo Wang
- Daqing Petrochemical Research Center of PetroChina Daqing 163714 China
| | - Xiuhui Wang
- Daqing Petrochemical Research Center of PetroChina Daqing 163714 China
| | - Simeng Zhao
- Daqing Petrochemical Research Center of PetroChina Daqing 163714 China
| | - Yi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
- PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute Beijing 102206 China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Gao Y, Christianson MD, Wang Y, Coons MP, Chen J, Zhang J, Marshall S, Lohr TL, Klosin J, Marks TJ. Alkane-Soluble Bis[tris(alkylphenyl)carbenium] Diborate Cocatalyst for Olefin Polymerizations. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanshan Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Matthew D. Christianson
- Corporate R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 1776 Building, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Marc P. Coons
- Corporate R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 1776 Building, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Jiazhen Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Jialong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Steve Marshall
- Corporate R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 1776 Building, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Tracy L. Lohr
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Jerzy Klosin
- Corporate R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 1776 Building, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Han M, Oleynik I, Ma Y, Oleynik I, Solan G, Hao X, Sun WH. Modulating thermostability and productivity of benzhydryl‐substituted bis(imino)pyridine‐iron C2H4 polymerization catalysts through ortho‐CnH2n‐1 (n = 5, 6, 8, 12) ring size adjustment. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Han
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Engineering Plastics CHINA
| | - Ivan Oleynik
- Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS: Novosibirskij institut organiceskoj himii imeni N N Vorozcova SO RAN Organic synthesis RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Yanping Ma
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Engineering Plastics CHINA
| | - Irina Oleynik
- Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS: Novosibirskij institut organiceskoj himii imeni N N Vorozcova SO RAN Organic synthesis RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Gregory Solan
- University of Leicester Department of Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Xiang Hao
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Engineering Plastics CHINA
| | - Wen-Hua Sun
- The Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Chemistry No.2, BeiyijieZhongguancun 100190 Beijing CHINA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Morgan F, Schaugaard R, Anderson D, Schlegel HB, Verani CN. Distinct Bimetallic Cooperativity Among Water Reduction Catalysts Containing [Co
III
Co
III
], [Ni
II
Ni
II
], and [Zn
II
Zn
II
] Cores. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104426. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fredricka Morgan
- Department of Chemistry Wayne State University 5101 Cass Ave. Detroit MI 48202 USA
| | - Richard Schaugaard
- Department of Chemistry Wayne State University 5101 Cass Ave. Detroit MI 48202 USA
| | - Dennis Anderson
- Department of Chemistry Wayne State University 5101 Cass Ave. Detroit MI 48202 USA
| | - H. Bernhard Schlegel
- Department of Chemistry Wayne State University 5101 Cass Ave. Detroit MI 48202 USA
| | - Cláudio N. Verani
- Department of Chemistry Wayne State University 5101 Cass Ave. Detroit MI 48202 USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Yan Z, Xu G, Wang H, Dai S. Synthesis of thermoplastic polyethylene elastomers and ethylene–methyl acrylate copolymers using methylene-bridged binuclear bulky dibenzhydryl α-diimine Ni(II) and Pd(II) catalysts. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
31
|
Qu R, Suo H, Gu Y, Weng Y, Qin Y. Sidechain Metallopolymers with Precisely Controlled Structures: Synthesis and Application in Catalysis. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:1128. [PMID: 35335458 PMCID: PMC8956016 DOI: 10.3390/polym14061128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inspired by the cooperative multi-metallic activation in metalloenzyme catalysis, artificial enzymes as multi-metallic catalysts have been developed for improved kinetics and higher selectivity. Previous models about multi-metallic catalysts, such as cross-linked polymer-supported catalysts, failed to precisely control the number and location of their active sites, leading to low activity and selectivity. In recent years, metallopolymers with metals in the sidechain, also named as sidechain metallopolymers (SMPs), have attracted much attention because of their combination of the catalytic, magnetic, and electronic properties of metals with desirable mechanical and processing properties of polymeric backbones. Living and controlled polymerization techniques provide access to SMPs with precisely controlled structures, for example, controlled degree of polymerization (DP) and molecular weight dispersity (Đ), which may have excellent performance as multi-metallic catalysts in a variety of catalytic reactions. This review will cover the recent advances about SMPs, especially on their synthesis and application in catalysis. These tailor-made SMPs with metallic catalytic centers can precisely control the number and location of their active sites, exhibiting high catalytic efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Qu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (R.Q.); (H.S.); (Y.G.)
| | - Hongyi Suo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (R.Q.); (H.S.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yanan Gu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (R.Q.); (H.S.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yunxuan Weng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yusheng Qin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (R.Q.); (H.S.); (Y.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Han M, Oleynik II, Liu M, Ma Y, Oleynik IV, Solan GA, Liang T, Sun W. Ring size enlargement in an
ortho
‐cycloalkyl‐substituted bis(imino)pyridine‐cobalt ethylene polymerization catalyst and its impact on performance and polymer properties. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Han
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Ivan I. Oleynik
- Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Ming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yanping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Irina V. Oleynik
- Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Gregory A. Solan
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester University Road Leicester UK
| | - Tongling Liang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Wen‐Hua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Baker CA, Romain C, Long NJ. Cation-π interactions enabling hard/soft Ti/Ag heterobimetallic cooperativity in lactide ring-opening polymerisation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:12524-12527. [PMID: 34751687 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05083d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The combination of a Ti-salen complex with AgBArF reveals unique hard/soft heterobimetallic cooperativity in lactide ring-opening polymerisation (ROP), enabling significant activity at room temperature. Reactivity, mechanistic and computational studies highlight the role of cation-π interactions in the formation of heterobimetallic species and provide key insights into the role of both metals in ROP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chloe A Baker
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Charles Romain
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Nicholas J Long
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chen SY, Pan RC, Liu Y, Lu XB. Bulky o-Phenylene-Bridged Bimetallic α-Diimine Ni(II) and Pd(II) Catalysts in Ethylene (Co)polymerization. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ru-Chao Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ye Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kitphaitun S, Yan Q, Nomura K. Effect of para-Substituents in Ethylene Copolymerizations with 1-Decene, 1-Dodecene, and with 2-Methyl-1-Pentene Using Phenoxide Modified Half-Titanocenes-MAO Catalyst Systems. ChemistryOpen 2021; 10:867-876. [PMID: 34227256 PMCID: PMC8409091 DOI: 10.1002/open.202100047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Effect of para-substituents in the ethylene (E) copolymerization with 1-decene (DC), 1-dodecene (DD), and with 2-methyl-1-pentene (2M1P) using a series of Cp*TiCl2 (O-2,6-i Pr2 -4-R-C6 H2 ) [R=H (1), t Bu (2), Ph (3), CHPh2 (4), CPh3 (5), SiMe3 (6), SiEt3 (7), and newly prepared 4-t BuC6 H4 (8) and 3,5-Me2 C6 H3 (9)]-MAO catalyst systems has been studied. The activities in these copolymerization reactions were affected by the para-substituent, and the SiMe3 (6), SiEt3 (7) and 3,5-Me2 C6 H3 (9) analogues showed the higher activities at 50 °C in the E copolymerization reactions with DC (1.06-1.44×106 kg-polymer/mol-Ti⋅h), DD (1.04-1.88×106 kg-polymer/mol-Ti⋅h) than the others, whereas no significant differences were observed in the comonomer incorporations. Complexes 6 and 7 also showed the higher activities at 50 °C in the E/2M1P copolymerization, and the 2M1P incorporation was affected by the para-substituent and the polymerization temperature; complex 9 showed better 2M1P incorporation at 25 °C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suphitchaya Kitphaitun
- Department of ChemistryTokyo Metropolitan University1-1 Minami Osawa, HachiojiTokyo192-0397Japan
| | - Qing Yan
- Department of ChemistryTokyo Metropolitan University1-1 Minami Osawa, HachiojiTokyo192-0397Japan
| | - Kotohiro Nomura
- Department of ChemistryTokyo Metropolitan University1-1 Minami Osawa, HachiojiTokyo192-0397Japan
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kumar A, Barr JL, Cruz CA, Blakemore JD. Heterobimetallic [Ti, Al] Complexes: Divergent Synthesis, Redox Properties, and Ethylene Polymerization Catalysis. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, 1501 Wakarusa Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - Jared L. Barr
- Phillips 66 Research Center, Chevron Phillips Chemical, Bartlesville, Oklahoma 74003, United States
| | - Carlos A. Cruz
- Phillips 66 Research Center, Chevron Phillips Chemical, Bartlesville, Oklahoma 74003, United States
| | - James D. Blakemore
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, 1501 Wakarusa Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Gruszka W, Garden JA. Advances in heterometallic ring-opening (co)polymerisation catalysis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3252. [PMID: 34059676 PMCID: PMC8167082 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23192-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Truly sustainable plastics require renewable feedstocks coupled with efficient production and end-of-life degradation/recycling processes. Some of the most useful degradable materials are aliphatic polyesters, polycarbonates and polyamides, which are often prepared via ring-opening (co)polymerisation (RO(CO)P) using an organometallic catalyst. While there has been extensive research into ligand development, heterometallic cooperativity offers an equally promising yet underexplored strategy to improve catalyst performance, as heterometallic catalysts often exhibit significant activity and selectivity enhancements compared to their homometallic counterparts. This review describes advances in heterometallic RO(CO)P catalyst design, highlighting the overarching structure-activity trends and reactivity patterns to inform future catalyst design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Gruszka
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jennifer A Garden
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Khoshsefat M, Ma Y, Sun WH. Multinuclear late transition metal catalysts for olefin polymerization. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
39
|
Bardonov DA, Komarov PD, Ovchinnikova VI, Puntus LN, Minyaev ME, Nifant’ev IE, Lyssenko KA, Korshunov VM, Taidakov IV, Roitershtein DM. Accessing Mononuclear Triphenylcyclopentadienyl Lanthanide Complexes by Using Tridentate Nitrogen Ligands: Synthesis, Structure, Luminescence, and Catalysis. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniil A. Bardonov
- A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Moscow, Russia
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, 101000, Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel D. Komarov
- A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Lada N. Puntus
- A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Moscow, Russia
- V. A. Kotel’nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 141190, Fryazino, Moscow reg., Russia
| | - Mikhail E. Minyaev
- A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Moscow, Russia
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ilya E. Nifant’ev
- A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin A. Lyssenko
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Ilya V. Taidakov
- P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitrii M. Roitershtein
- A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Moscow, Russia
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, 101000, Moscow, Russia
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Cao Q, Zhang S, Zhang L, Gao F, Chen J, Dong Y, Li X. Unprecedented Application of Covalent Organic Frameworks for Polymerization Catalysis: Rh/TPB-DMTP-COF in Polymerization of Phenylacetylene and Its Functional Derivatives. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:13693-13704. [PMID: 33709703 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are applied widely in organic catalysis; however, no precedent has been reported in polymerization catalysis. Herein, we report the new application of COFs for polymerization catalysis. Different amounts of homogeneous Rh catalyst are incorporated into the COF via post-treatment to give a series of TPB-DMTP-COF-X wt % Rh (b-e) containing varying amounts of Rh from 2.74 to 11.38 wt %. In contrast to the known Rh catalysts, TPB-DMTP-COF-X wt % Rh (b-e) display an uncommon synergistic effect and exceptional steric confinement effect of nanochannels. Therefore, they possess the advantages of both homogeneous catalysts in high activity and selectivity and heterogeneous catalysts in stability and recyclability with extremely high activity up to 1.3 × 107 g·molRh-1·h-1 and cis-selectivity up to 99% and can be readily recycled and reused five times in the polymerization of phenylacetylene and its derivatives, affording cis-transoidal polyphenylacetylene and its derivatives having helical structures, aggregation-induced emission properties, or fluorescence properties with narrow molecular weight distributions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingbin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shaowen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jupeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuping Dong
- Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Yang GW, Xu CK, Xie R, Zhang YY, Zhu XF, Wu GP. Pinwheel-Shaped Tetranuclear Organoboron Catalysts for Perfectly Alternating Copolymerization of CO 2 and Epichlorohydrin. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:3455-3465. [PMID: 33591738 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The copolymerization of carbon dioxide (CO2) and epoxides to produce aliphatic polycarbonates is a burgeoning technology for the large-scale utilization of CO2 and degradable polymeric materials. Even with the wealth of advancements achieved over the past 50 years on this green technology, many challenges remain, including the use of metal-containing catalysts for polymerization, the removal of the chromatic metal residue after polymerization, and the limited practicable epoxides, especially for those containing electron-withdrawing groups. Herein, we provide kinds of pinwheel-shaped tetranuclear organoboron catalysts for epichlorohydrin/CO2 copolymerization with >99% polymer selectivity and quantitative CO2 uptake (>99% carbonate linkages) under mild conditions (25-40 °C, 25 bar of CO2). The produced poly(chloropropylene carbonate) has the highest molecular weight of 36.5 kg/mol and glass transition temperature of 45.4 °C reported to date. The energy difference (ΔEa = 60.7 kJ/mol) between the cyclic carbonate and polycarbonate sheds light on the robust performance of our metal-free catalyst. Control experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed a cyclically sequential copolymerization mechanism. The metal-free feature, high catalytic performance under mild conditions, and no trouble with chromaticity for the produced polymers imply that our catalysts are practical candidates to advance the CO2-based polycarbonates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Wen Yang
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Kai Xu
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Xie
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao-Yao Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhu
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Peng Wu
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Zanchin G, Leone G. Polyolefin thermoplastic elastomers from polymerization catalysis: Advantages, pitfalls and future challenges. Prog Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2020.101342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
43
|
Nifant'ev IE, Ivchenko PV, Vinogradov AA. Heterocycle-fused cyclopentadienyl metal complexes: Heterocene synthesis, structure and catalytic applications. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
44
|
Boggioni L, Harakawa H, Losio S, Nomura K, Tritto I. Synthesis of ethylene–norbornene–1-octene terpolymers with high 1-octene contents, molar masses, and tunable Tg values, in high yields using half-titanocene catalysts. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00647a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of unique poly(E-ter–N-ter–O)s using half-titanocene catalysts: 1-octene does not behave as a chain termination/transfer agent unlike ansa-metallocenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Boggioni
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “G. Natta”
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - Hitoshi Harakawa
- Department of Chemistry
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Tokyo 192-0397
- Japan
| | - Simona Losio
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “G. Natta”
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - Kotohiro Nomura
- Department of Chemistry
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Tokyo 192-0397
- Japan
| | - Incoronata Tritto
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “G. Natta”
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Catalytic Systems Based on Cp2ZrX2 (X = Cl, H), Organoaluminum Compounds and Perfluorophenylboranes: Role of Zr,Zr- and Zr,Al-Hydride Intermediates in Alkene Dimerization and Oligomerization. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The activity and chemoselectivity of the Cp2ZrCl2-XAlBui2 (X = H, Bui) and [Cp2ZrH2]2-ClAlEt2 catalytic systems activated by (Ph3C)[B(C6F5)4] or B(C6F5)3 were studied in reactions with 1-hexene. The activation of the systems by B(C6F5)3 resulted in the selective formation of head-to-tail alkene dimers in up to 93% yields. NMR studies of the reactions of Zr complexes with organoaluminum compounds (OACs) and boron activators showed the formation of Zr,Zr- and Zr,Al-hydride intermediates, for which diffusion coefficients, hydrodynamic radii, and volumes were estimated using the diffusion ordered spectroscopy DOSY. Bis-zirconium hydride clusters of type x[Cp2ZrH2∙Cp2ZrHCl∙ClAlR2]∙yRnAl(C6F5)3−n were found to be the key intermediates of alkene dimerization, whereas cationic Zr,Al-hydrides led to the formation of oligomers.
Collapse
|
46
|
Bagherabadi M, Zohuri G, Ramezanian N, Kimiaghalam M, Khoshsefat M. Microstructural study on MMA/1‐hexene copolymers made by mononuclear and dinuclear α‐diimine nickel (II) catalysts. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohadeseh Bagherabadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Zohuri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran
| | - Navid Ramezanian
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran
| | - Mahsa Kimiaghalam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran
| | - Mostafa Khoshsefat
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Aoki H, Nomura K. Synthesis of Amorphous Ethylene Copolymers with 2-Vinylnaphthalene, 4-Vinylbiphenyl and 1-(4-Vinylphenyl)naphthalene. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Aoki
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Kotohiro Nomura
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
The Effect of SiMe
3
and SiEt
3
Para
Substituents for High Activity and Introduction of a Hydroxy Group in Ethylene Copolymerization Catalyzed by Phenoxide‐Modified Half‐Titanocenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
49
|
Provinciali G, Bortoluzzi M, Funaioli T, Zacchini S, Campanella B, Pampaloni G, Marchetti F. Tetrasubstituted Selenophenes from the Stepwise Assembly of Molecular Fragments on a Diiron Frame and Final Cleavage of a Bridging Alkylidene. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:17497-17508. [PMID: 33205950 PMCID: PMC8016200 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
![]()
A series
of 2,3-dicarboxylato-5-acetyl-4-aminoselenophenes, 5a–j, was obtained via the uncommon assembly
of building blocks on a diiron platform, starting from commercial
[Fe2Cp2(CO)4] through the stepwise
formation of diiron complexes [2a–d]CF3SO3, 3a–d, and 4a–j. The selenophene-substituted
bridging alkylidene ligand in 4a–j is removed from coordination upon treatment with water in air under
mild conditions (ambient temperature in most cases), affording 5a–j in good to excellent yields. This
process is highly selective and is accompanied by the disruption of
the organometallic scaffold: cyclopentadiene (CpH) and lepidocrocite
(γ-FeO(OH)) were identified by NMR and Raman analyses at the
end of one representative reaction. The straightforward cleavage of
the linkage between a bridging Fischer alkylidene and two (or more)
metal centers, as observed here, is an unprecedented reaction in organometallic
chemistry: in the present case, the carbene function is converted
to a ketone which is incorporated into the organic product. DFT calculations
and electrochemical experiments were carried out to give insight into
the release of the selenophene-alkylidene ligand. Compounds 5a–j were fully characterized by elemental
analysis, mass spectrometry, IR, and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy
and by X-ray diffraction and cyclic voltammetry in one case. Metal−metal cooperativity in action!
Different fragments
are combined on the {Fe2Cp2(CO)2}
skeleton to give highly functionalized selenophene ligands, linked
to the iron centers through a bridging alkylidene, which is easily
removed from coordination by exposure to air/water in ethereal solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Provinciali
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Bortoluzzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Ca' Foscari Università di Venezia, Via Torino 155, I-30170 Mestre (VE), Italy
| | - Tiziana Funaioli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Zacchini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Beatrice Campanella
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via G. Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Guido Pampaloni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabio Marchetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Feng Z, Wang S, Wu Y, Li Q, Zhao X, Wang X, Wang S. cis-1,4-Polymerization of isoprene catalyzed by rare-earth metal amido complexes supported by 2-t-butylimino- or 2-amino-functionalized indolyl ligand. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2020.108195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|