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Lindner E, Guzinski M, Pendley B, Chaum E. Plasticized PVC Membrane Modified Electrodes: Voltammetry of Highly Hydrophobic Compounds. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:E202. [PMID: 32867276 PMCID: PMC7558981 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10090202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In the last 50 years, plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membranes have gained unique importance in chemical sensor development. Originally, these membranes separated two solutions in conventional ion-selective electrodes. Later, the same membranes were applied over a variety of supporting electrodes and used in both potentiometric and voltammetric measurements of ions and electrically charged molecules. The focus of this paper is to demonstrate the utility of the plasticized PVC membrane modified working electrode for the voltammetric measurement of highly lipophilic molecules. The plasticized PVC membrane prevents electrode fouling, extends the detection limit of the voltammetric methods to sub-micromolar concentrations, and minimizes interference by electrochemically active hydrophilic analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernő Lindner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA;
| | - Marcin Guzinski
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (M.G.); (E.C.)
| | - Bradford Pendley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA;
| | - Edward Chaum
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (M.G.); (E.C.)
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Shao Y, Ying Y, Ping J. Recent advances in solid-contact ion-selective electrodes: functional materials, transduction mechanisms, and development trends. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:4405-4465. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00587k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This article presents a comprehensive overview of recent progress in the design and applications of solid-contact ion-selective electrodes (SC-ISEs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhou Shao
- Laboratory of Agricultural Information Intelligent Sensing
- School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Yibin Ying
- Laboratory of Agricultural Information Intelligent Sensing
- School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Jianfeng Ping
- Laboratory of Agricultural Information Intelligent Sensing
- School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
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Lenar N, Paczosa-Bator B, Piech R, Królicka A. Poly(3-octylthiophene-2,5-diyl) - nanosized ruthenium dioxide composite material as solid-contact layer in polymer membrane-based K+-selective electrodes. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.134718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Voltammetric Determination of Diffusion Coefficients in Polymer Membranes: Guidelines to Minimize Errors. ELECTROANAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201700695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Sun Q, Li W, Su B. Highly hydrophobic solid contact based on graphene-hybrid nanocomposites for all solid state potentiometric sensors with well-formulated phase boundary potentials. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2014.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Ion amperometry at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions in view of realizing the amperometric ion-selective electrode. Talanta 2012; 63:21-32. [PMID: 18969401 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2003.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2003] [Revised: 11/07/2003] [Accepted: 11/18/2003] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews the development in ion amperometry at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES) in view of realizing the amperometric ion-selective electrode (ISE). The concept of polarizability of ITIES in a multi-ion system is outlined. Principle aspects of ion amperometry at ITIES are discussed including the use of amperometry as a tool for the clarification of the ion sensing mechanism, and for determining the concentrations of ions in the solution. The reference is made to recent amperometric measurements at the supported liquid membrane (SLM) and polymer composite liquid membranes (PCLM), which, together with the micro-hole supported ITIES, appear to be particularly suitable for realization of the amperometric ISE.
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Crespo GA, Mistlberger G, Bakker E. Towards Ion-Selective Membranes with Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Detection: Visualizing Selective Ru(bpy)32+ Transport Across a Plasticized Poly(vinyl chloride) Membrane. ELECTROANAL 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201100434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Ishimatsu R, Izadyar A, Kabagambe B, Kim Y, Kim J, Amemiya S. Electrochemical mechanism of ion-ionophore recognition at plasticized polymer membrane/water interfaces. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:16300-8. [PMID: 21882873 DOI: 10.1021/ja207297q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report on the first electrochemical study that reveals the kinetics and molecular level mechanism of heterogeneous ion-ionophore recognition at plasticized polymer membrane/water interfaces. The new kinetic data provide greater understanding of this important ion-transfer (IT) process, which determines various dynamic characteristics of the current technologies that enable highly selective ion sensing and separation. The theoretical assessment of the reliable voltammetric data confirms that the dynamics of the ionophore-facilitated IT follows the one-step electrochemical (E) mechanism controlled by ion-ionophore complexation at the very interface in contrast to the thermodynamically equivalent two-step electrochemical-chemical (EC) mechanism based on the simple transfer of an aqueous ion followed by its complexation in the bulk membrane. Specifically, cyclic voltammograms of Ag(+), K(+), Ca(2+), Ba(2+), and Pb(2+) transfers facilitated by highly selective ionophores are measured and analyzed numerically using the E mechanism to obtain standard IT rate constants in the range of 10(-2) to 10(-3) cm/s at both plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) membrane/water and 1,2-dichloroethane/water interfaces. We demonstrate that these strongly facilitated IT processes are too fast to be ascribed to the EC mechanism. Moreover, the little effect of the viscosity of nonaqueous media on the IT kinetics excludes the EC mechanism, where the kinetics of simple IT is viscosity-dependent. Finally, we employ molecular level models for the E mechanism to propose three-dimensional ion-ionophore complexation at the two-dimensional interface as the unique kinetic requirement for the thermodynamically facilitated IT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoichi Ishimatsu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
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Lonné Q, Glandut N, Labbe JC, Lefort P. Fabrication and characterization of ZrB2–SiC ceramic electrodes coated with a proton conducting, SiO2-rich glass layer. Electrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Lindner E, Tóth K. To the Memory of Ernő Pungor: A Subjective View on the History of Ion-Selective Electrodes. ELECTROANAL 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200904624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Zook JM, Langmaier J, Lindner E. Current-polarized ion-selective membranes: The influence of plasticizer and lipophilic background electrolyte on concentration profiles, resistance, and voltage transients. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. B, CHEMICAL 2009; 136:410-418. [PMID: 20161192 PMCID: PMC2728498 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2008.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Lipophilic background electrolytes consisting of a lipophilic cation and a lipophilic anion, such as tetradodecylammonium tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl) borate (ETH 500), or bis(triphenylphosphoranylidene) ammonium tetrakis[3,5bis(trifluoromethyl) phenyl] borate (BTPPATFPB) are incorporated into the membranes of ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) to improve the detection limit and selectivity of the electrodes and decrease the resistance of the sensing membrane. In this work, spectroelectrochemical microscopy (SpECM) is used in conjunction with chronopotentiometry to quantify the effects of a lipophilic background electrolyte on the concentration profiles induced inside current-polarized membranes and on the measured voltage transients in chronopotentiometric experiments. In agreement with the theoretical model, the lipophilic background electrolyte incorporated into o-NPOE or DOS plasticized membranes decreases the membrane resistance and thus the contribution of migration in the overall transport across ion-selective membranes. Consequently, it has a significant influence on the changing concentration profiles of the ion-ionophore complex during chronopotentiometric experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M. Zook
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - Jan Langmaier
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Dolejškova 3, 18223 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Ernő Lindner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
- 330 Engineering Technology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, , ,
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Lindner E, Gyurcsányi RE. Quality control criteria for solid-contact, solvent polymeric membrane ion-selective electrodes. J Solid State Electrochem 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-008-0608-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Zook J, Buck R, Gyurcsányi R, Lindner E. Mathematical Model of Current-Polarized Ionophore-Based Ion-Selective Membranes: Large Current Chronopotentiometry. ELECTROANAL 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200704052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Soto J, Labrador RH, Marcos MD, Martínez-Máñez R, Coll C, García-Breijo E, Gil L. Introduction of a model for describing the redox potential in faradic electrodes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2006.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Móczár I, Gyurcsányi R, Huszthy P, Jágerszki G, Tóth K, Lindner E. Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel, Colored Lipophilic Additive for Spectral Imaging the Transport in Ionophore Based Ion-Selective Membranes. ELECTROANAL 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200603551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Comments on “E. Pungor, The New Theory of Ion Selective Electrodes. Sensors 2001, 1, 1-12”. SENSORS 2004. [DOI: 10.3390/s40100014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Johnson RD, Bachas LG. Ionophore-based ion-selective potentiometric and optical sensors. Anal Bioanal Chem 2003; 376:328-41. [PMID: 12734632 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-003-1931-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2002] [Revised: 03/15/2003] [Accepted: 03/20/2003] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) and optodes with a focus on the fundamental mechanisms, response characteristics, and recognition elements (ionophores) described to date for these sensors. The topics covered review the most frequently encountered ideas about ionophore-based sensors, including the theoretical and experimental parameters that influence response, typical ionophore structures, useful membrane compositions, and applications. Since these sensors are applicable in a number of fields, such as clinical, environmental, and process monitoring, as well as more novel approaches such as microfluidic-based systems and micro/nanoprobes, this article provides descriptions that are oriented toward a more general audience. Furthermore, a large portion of this review describes the ionophore component itself in hopes of inspiring ideas in readers of how novel molecular architectures with new ionic targets or improved selectivity can be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Daniel Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40505-0055, USA
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Lindner E, Gyurcsányi RE, Buck RP. Tailored Transport Through Ion-Selective Membranes for Improved Detection Limits and Selectivity Coefficients. ELECTROANAL 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-4109(199907)11:10/11<695::aid-elan695>3.0.co;2-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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