1
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Pham TT, Hungnes IN, Rivas C, Cleaver J, Firth G, Blower PJ, Sosabowski J, Cook GJR, Livieratos L, Young JD, Pringle PG, Ma MT. Receptor-Targeted Peptide Conjugates Based on Diphosphines Enable Preparation of 99mTc and 188Re Theranostic Agents for Prostate Cancer. J Nucl Med 2024; 65:1087-1094. [PMID: 38844360 PMCID: PMC11218721 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.124.267450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Benchtop 99Mo/99mTc and 188W/188Re generators enable economical production of molecular theranostic 99mTc and 188Re radiopharmaceuticals, provided that simple, kit-based chemistry exists to radiolabel targeting vectors with these radionuclides. We have previously described a diphosphine platform that efficiently incorporates 99mTc into receptor-targeted peptides. Here, we report its application to label a prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted peptide with 99mTc and 188Re for diagnostic imaging and systemic radiotherapy of prostate cancer. Methods: Two diphosphine-dipeptide bioconjugates, DP1-PSMAt and DP2-PSMAt, were formulated into kits for radiolabeling with 99mTc and 188Re. The resulting radiotracers were studied in vitro, in prostate cancer cells, and in vivo in mouse xenograft models, to assess similarity of uptake and biodistribution for each 99mTc/188Re pair of agents. Results: Both DP1-PSMAt and DP2-PSMAt could be efficiently radiolabeled with 99mTc and 188Re using kit-based methods to furnish the isostructural compounds M-DP1-PSMAt and M-DP2-PSMAt (M = [99mTc]Tc, [188Re]Re). All 99mTc/188Re radiotracers demonstrated specific uptake in PSMA-expressing prostate cancer cells, with negligible uptake in prostate cancer cells that did not express PSMA or in which PSMA uptake was blocked. M-DP1-PSMAt and M-DP2-PSMAt also exhibited high tumor uptake (18-30 percentage injected dose per gram at 2 h after injection), low retention in nontarget organs, fast blood clearance, and excretion predominantly via a renal pathway. Importantly, each pair of 99mTc/188Re radiotracers showed near-identical biologic behavior in these experiments. Conclusion: We have prepared and developed novel pairs of isostructural PSMA-targeting 99mTc/188Re theranostic agents. These generator-based theranostic agents have potential to provide access to the benefits of PSMA-targeted diagnostic imaging and systemic radiotherapy in health care settings that do not routinely have access to either reactor-produced 177Lu radiopharmaceuticals or PET/CT infrastructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truc T Pham
- School of Bioengineering and Imaging Sciences, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom;
| | - Ingebjørg N Hungnes
- School of Bioengineering and Imaging Sciences, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Rivas
- School of Bioengineering and Imaging Sciences, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julie Cleaver
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers and Biotherapeutics, Barts Cancer Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - George Firth
- School of Bioengineering and Imaging Sciences, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Philip J Blower
- School of Bioengineering and Imaging Sciences, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Sosabowski
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers and Biotherapeutics, Barts Cancer Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gary J R Cook
- School of Bioengineering and Imaging Sciences, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lefteris Livieratos
- School of Bioengineering and Imaging Sciences, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Jennifer D Young
- School of Bioengineering and Imaging Sciences, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers and Biotherapeutics, Barts Cancer Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul G Pringle
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle T Ma
- School of Bioengineering and Imaging Sciences, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom;
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2
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Palma E, Içhedef C, Fernandes C, Belchior A, Raposinho P, Gano L, Miranda A, Moreira D, Lourenço P, Cruz C, Pires AS, Botelho MF, Paulo A. Targeting of G-quadruplex DNA with 99mTc(I)/Re(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes Carrying Pyridostatin Derivatives. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400285. [PMID: 38386665 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The main goal of this work was to elucidate the potential relevance of (radio)metal chelates of 99mTc and Re targeting G-quadruplex structures for the design of new tools for cancer theranostics. 99mTc provides the complexes with the ability to perform single-photon-emission computed tomography imaging studies, while the Re complexes should act as anticancer agents upon interaction with specific G4 DNA or RNA structures present in tumor tissues. Towards this goal, we have developed isostructural 99mTc(I) and Re(I) tricarbonyl complexes anchored by a pyrazolyl-diamine (Pz) chelator carrying a pendant pyridostatin (PDS) fragment as the G4-binding motif. The interaction of the PDF-Pz-Re (8) complex with different G4-forming oligonucleotides was studied by circular dichroism, fluorescence spectroscopy and FRET-melting assays. The results showed that the Re complex retained the ability to bind and stabilize G4-structures from different DNA or RNA sequences, namely those present on the SRC proto-oncogene and telomeric RNA (TERRA sequence). PDF-Pz-Re (8) showed low to moderate cytotoxicity in PC3 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines, as typically observed for G4-binders. Biodistribution studies of the congener PDF-Pz-99mTc (12) in normal mice showed that the complex undergoes a fast blood clearance with a predominant hepatobiliary excretion, pointing also for a high in vitro stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Palma
- C2TN-Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Cigdem Içhedef
- Ege University, Institute of Nuclear Sciences, 35100, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Célia Fernandes
- C2TN-Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
- DECN-Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Ana Belchior
- C2TN-Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
- DECN-Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Paula Raposinho
- C2TN-Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
- DECN-Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Lurdes Gano
- C2TN-Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
- DECN-Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - André Miranda
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - David Moreira
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Pedro Lourenço
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Carla Cruz
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal
- Departamento de Química, Universidade da Beira Interior, Rua Marquês de Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ana Salomé Pires
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-061, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Filomena Botelho
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-061, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - António Paulo
- C2TN-Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
- DECN-Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
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3
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Hungnes I, Pham TT, Rivas C, Jarvis JA, Nuttall RE, Cooper SM, Young JD, Blower PJ, Pringle PG, Ma MT. Versatile Diphosphine Chelators for Radiolabeling Peptides with 99mTc and 64Cu. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:20608-20620. [PMID: 36972174 PMCID: PMC10731650 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a diphosphine (DP) platform for radiolabeling peptides with 99mTc and 64Cu for molecular SPECT and PET imaging, respectively. Two diphosphines, 2,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)maleic anhydride (DPPh) and 2,3-bis(di-p-tolylphosphino)maleic anhydride (DPTol), were each reacted with a Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen-targeted dipeptide (PSMAt) to yield the bioconjugates DPPh-PSMAt and DPTol-PSMAt, as well as an integrin-targeted cyclic peptide, RGD, to yield the bioconjugates DPPh-RGD and DPTol-RGD. Each of these DP-PSMAt conjugates formed geometric cis/trans-[MO2(DPX-PSMAt)2]+ (M = 99mTc, 99gTc, natRe; X = Ph, Tol) complexes when reacted with [MO2]+ motifs. Furthermore, both DPPh-PSMAt and DPTol-PSMAt could be formulated into kits containing reducing agent and buffer components, enabling preparation of the new radiotracers cis/trans-[99mTcO2(DPPh-PSMAt)2]+ and cis/trans-[99mTcO2(DPTol-PSMAt)2]+ from aqueous 99mTcO4- in 81% and 88% radiochemical yield (RCY), respectively, in 5 min at 100 °C. The consistently higher RCYs observed for cis/trans-[99mTcO2(DPTol-PSMAt)2]+ are attributed to the increased reactivity of DPTol-PSMAt over DPPh-PSMAt. Both cis/trans-[99mTcO2(DPPh-PSMAt)2]+ and cis/trans-[99mTcO2(DPTol-PSMAt)2]+ exhibited high metabolic stability, and in vivo SPECT imaging in healthy mice revealed that both new radiotracers cleared rapidly from circulation, via a renal pathway. These new diphosphine bioconjugates also furnished [64Cu(DPX-PSMAt)2]+ (X = Ph, Tol) complexes rapidly, in a high RCY (>95%), under mild conditions. In summary, the new DP platform is versatile: it enables straightforward functionalization of targeting peptides with a diphosphine chelator, and the resulting bioconjugates can be simply radiolabeled with both the SPECT and PET radionuclides, 99mTc and 64Cu, in high RCYs. Furthermore, the DP platform is amenable to derivatization to either increase the chelator reactivity with metallic radioisotopes or, alternatively, modify the radiotracer hydrophilicity. Functionalized diphosphine chelators thus have the potential to provide access to new molecular radiotracers for receptor-targeted imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingebjørg
N. Hungnes
- School
of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, Fourth Floor Lambeth Wing, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Truc Thuy Pham
- School
of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, Fourth Floor Lambeth Wing, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Rivas
- School
of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, Fourth Floor Lambeth Wing, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - James A. Jarvis
- Randall
Centre of Cell and Molecular Biophysics and Centre for Biomolecular
Spectroscopy, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel E. Nuttall
- School
of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, Fourth Floor Lambeth Wing, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Saul M. Cooper
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer D. Young
- School
of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, Fourth Floor Lambeth Wing, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Philip J. Blower
- School
of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, Fourth Floor Lambeth Wing, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Paul G. Pringle
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle T. Ma
- School
of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, Fourth Floor Lambeth Wing, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
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4
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Nuttall R, Pham TT, Chadwick AC, Hungnes IN, Firth G, Heckenast MA, Sparkes HA, Galan MC, Ma MT, Pringle PG. Diphosphine Bioconjugates via Pt(0)-Catalyzed Hydrophosphination. A Versatile Chelator Platform for Technetium-99m and Rhenium-188 Radiolabeling of Biomolecules. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:20582-20592. [PMID: 36719138 PMCID: PMC10731653 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The ability to append targeting biomolecules to chelators that efficiently coordinate to the diagnostic imaging radionuclide, 99mTc, and the therapeutic radionuclide, 188Re, can potentially enable receptor-targeted "theranostic" treatment of disease. Here we show that Pt(0)-catalyzed hydrophosphination reactions are well-suited to the derivatization of diphosphines with biomolecular moieties enabling the efficient synthesis of ligands of the type Ph2PCH2CH2P(CH2CH2-Glc)2 (L, where Glc = a glucose moiety) using the readily accessible Ph2PCH2CH2PH2 and acryl derivatives. It is shown that hydrophosphination of an acrylate derivative of a deprotected glucose can be carried out in aqueous media. Furthermore, the resulting glucose-chelator conjugates can be radiolabeled with either 99mTc(V) or 188Re(V) in high radiochemical yields (>95%), to furnish separable mixtures of cis- and trans-[M(O)2L2]+ (M = Tc, Re). Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging and ex vivo biodistribution in healthy mice show that each isomer possesses favorable pharmacokinetic properties, with rapid clearance from blood circulation via a renal pathway. Both cis-[99mTc(O)2L2]+ and trans-[99mTc(O)2L2]+ exhibit high stability in serum. This new class of functionalized diphosphine chelators has the potential to provide access to receptor-targeted dual diagnostic/therapeutic pairs of radiopharmaceutical agents, for molecular 99mTc SPECT imaging and 188Re systemic radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel
E. Nuttall
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
- School
of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Truc Thuy Pham
- School
of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Ailis C. Chadwick
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Ingebjørg N. Hungnes
- School
of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - George Firth
- School
of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Martin A. Heckenast
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Hazel A. Sparkes
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - M. Carmen Galan
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle T. Ma
- School
of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Paul G. Pringle
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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5
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Melis DR, Burgoyne AR, Ooms M, Gasser G. Bifunctional chelators for radiorhenium: past, present and future outlook. RSC Med Chem 2022; 13:217-245. [PMID: 35434629 PMCID: PMC8942221 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00364j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted radionuclide therapy (TRNT) is an ever-expanding field of nuclear medicine that provides a personalised approach to cancer treatment while limiting toxicity to normal tissues. It involves the radiolabelling of a biological targeting vector with an appropriate therapeutic radionuclide, often facilitated by the use of a bifunctional chelator (BFC) to stably link the two entities. The radioisotopes of rhenium, 186Re (t 1/2 = 90 h, 1.07 MeV β-, 137 keV γ (9%)) and 188Re (t 1/2 = 16.9 h, 2.12 MeV β-, 155 keV γ (15%)), are particularly attractive for radiotherapy because of their convenient and high-abundance β--particle emissions as well as their imageable γ-emissions and chemical similarity to technetium. As a transition metal element with multiple oxidation states and coordination numbers accessible for complexation, there is great opportunity available when it comes to developing novel BFCs for rhenium. The purpose of this review is to provide a recap on some of the past successes and failings, as well as show some more current efforts in the design of BFCs for 186/188Re. Future use of these radionuclides for radiotherapy depends on their cost-effective availability and this will also be discussed. Finally, bioconjugation strategies for radiolabelling biomolecules with 186/188Re will be touched upon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana R Melis
- SCK CEN, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre Boeretang 200 BE-2400 Mol Belgium +1 865 341 1413 +32 14 33 32 83
- Chimie ParisTech, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, PSL University F-75005 Paris France www.gassergroup.com +33 1 44 27 56 02
| | - Andrew R Burgoyne
- SCK CEN, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre Boeretang 200 BE-2400 Mol Belgium +1 865 341 1413 +32 14 33 32 83
| | - Maarten Ooms
- SCK CEN, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre Boeretang 200 BE-2400 Mol Belgium +1 865 341 1413 +32 14 33 32 83
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Chimie ParisTech, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, PSL University F-75005 Paris France www.gassergroup.com +33 1 44 27 56 02
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6
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Bolzati C, Salvarese N, Spolaore B, Vittadini A, Forrer D, Brunello S, Ghiani S, Maiocchi A. Water-Soluble [Tc(N)(PNP)] Moiety for Room-Temperature 99mTc Labeling of Sensitive Target Vectors. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:876-894. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Bolzati
- Institute of Condensed Matter Chemistry and Technologies for Energy ICMATE-CNR, Corso Stati Uniti, 4, I-35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Nicola Salvarese
- Institute of Condensed Matter Chemistry and Technologies for Energy ICMATE-CNR, Corso Stati Uniti, 4, I-35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Barbara Spolaore
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Via Marzolo, 5, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- CRIBI Biotechnology Center, University of Padua, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Vittadini
- Institute of Condensed Matter Chemistry and Technologies for Energy ICMATE-CNR, Corso Stati Uniti, 4, I-35127 Padova, Italy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Marzolo, 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Daniel Forrer
- Institute of Condensed Matter Chemistry and Technologies for Energy ICMATE-CNR, Corso Stati Uniti, 4, I-35127 Padova, Italy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Marzolo, 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Sara Brunello
- Institute of Condensed Matter Chemistry and Technologies for Energy ICMATE-CNR, Corso Stati Uniti, 4, I-35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Simona Ghiani
- Bracco Imaging SpA, Bioindustry Park del Canavese, Via Ribes 5, Colleretto Giacosa, 10010 Torino, Italy
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7
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Hungnes IN, Al-Salemee F, Gawne PJ, Eykyn T, Atkinson RA, Terry SYA, Clarke F, Blower PJ, Pringle PG, Ma MT. One-step, kit-based radiopharmaceuticals for molecular SPECT imaging: a versatile diphosphine chelator for 99mTc radiolabelling of peptides. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:16156-16165. [PMID: 34704995 PMCID: PMC8594432 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03177e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Radiotracers labelled with technetium-99m (99mTc) enable accessible diagnostic imaging of disease, provided that radiotracer preparation is simple. Whilst 99mTc radiopharmaceuticals for imaging perfusion are routinely prepared from kits, and regularly used in healthcare, there are no 99mTc-labelled receptor-targeted radiopharmaceuticals in widespread clinical use. This is in part due to the multistep radiosyntheses required for the latter. We demonstrate that the diphosphine, 2,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)maleic anhydride (BMA), is an excellent platform for preparation of kit-based, receptor-targeted 99mTc-labelled radiotracers: its conjugates are simple to prepare and can be easily labelled with 99mTc using one-step, kit-based protocols. Here, reaction of BMA with the αvβ3-integrin receptor targeted cyclic peptide, Arg-Gly-Asp-DPhe-Lys (RGD), provided the first diphosphine-peptide conjugate, DP-RGD. DP-RGD was incorporated into a "kit", and addition of a saline solution containing 99mTcO4- to this kit, followed by heating, furnished the radiotracer [99mTcO2(DP-RGD)2]+ in consistently high radiochemical yields (>90%). The analogous [ReO2(DP-RGD)2]+ compound was prepared and characterised, revealing that both [99mTcO2(DP-RGD)2]+ and [ReO2(DP-RGD)2]+ consist of a mixture of cis and trans geometric isomers. Finally, [99mTcO2(DP-RGD)2]+ exhibited high metabolic stability, and selectively targeted αvβ3-integrin receptors, enabling in vivo SPECT imaging of αvβ3-integrin receptor expression in mice.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/diagnostic imaging
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/metabolism
- Chelating Agents/administration & dosage
- Chelating Agents/chemistry
- Chelating Agents/pharmacokinetics
- Female
- Humans
- Integrin alphaVbeta3/chemistry
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Peptides, Cyclic/administration & dosage
- Peptides, Cyclic/chemistry
- Peptides, Cyclic/pharmacokinetics
- Phosphines/administration & dosage
- Phosphines/chemistry
- Phosphines/pharmacokinetics
- Radiopharmaceuticals/administration & dosage
- Radiopharmaceuticals/chemistry
- Radiopharmaceuticals/pharmacokinetics
- Technetium/administration & dosage
- Technetium/chemistry
- Technetium/pharmacokinetics
- Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingebjørg N Hungnes
- King's College London, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
| | - Fahad Al-Salemee
- King's College London, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
| | - Peter J Gawne
- King's College London, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
| | - Thomas Eykyn
- King's College London, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
| | - R Andrew Atkinson
- King's College London, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, and Centre for Biomolecular Spectroscopy, London, UK
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Samantha Y A Terry
- King's College London, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
| | - Fiona Clarke
- King's College London, Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, London, UK
| | - Philip J Blower
- King's College London, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
| | - Paul G Pringle
- University of Bristol, School of Chemistry, Cantock's Close, Bristol, UK
| | - Michelle T Ma
- King's College London, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
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8
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Gafurov ZN, Zueva EM, Yakhvarov DG. Sustainable Synthesis, NMR and Computational Study of Isobutylmesitylphosphine. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202004669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zufar N. Gafurov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences Arbuzov str., 8 420088 Kazan Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina M. Zueva
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences Arbuzov str., 8 420088 Kazan Russian Federation
- Kazan National Research Technological University Karl Marx str. 68 420015 Kazan Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry G. Yakhvarov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences Arbuzov str., 8 420088 Kazan Russian Federation
- Kazan Federal University A.M. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry Kremlyovskaya str., 18 420008 Kazan Russian Federation
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Calderon LE, Black CA, Rollins JD, Overbay B, Shiferawe S, Elliott A, Reitz S, Liu S, Li J, Ng CK, Ndinguri MW. Synthesis of Radiolabeled Technetium- and Rhenium-Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone ( 99mTc/Re-Acdien-LHRH) Conjugates for Targeted Detection of Breast Cancer Cells Overexpressing the LHRH Receptor. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:1846-1856. [PMID: 33521425 PMCID: PMC7841779 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Currently, 186/188Re and 99mTc are widely used radionuclides for cancer detection and diagnosis. New advancements in modalities and targeting strategies of radiopharmaceuticals will provide an opportunity to enhance imagery and detection of smaller colonies of cancer cells while lowering false-positive diagnoses. To understand the chemistry of agents derived from fac-[99mTc(CO)3(H2O)3]+ species, the nonradioactive [Re(CO)3(H2O)3]+ analogue was used. We have designed and synthesized Re-Acdien-LHRH, Re-Acdien-peg-LHRH, and a radiolabeled 99mTc-Acdien-LHRH (rhenium- and technetium-luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone) conjugates using a tridentate linker to detect cancers overexpressing the LHRH receptor. Re-Acdien-LHRH and Re-Acdien-peg-LHRH were synthesized from non-PEGylated and PEGylated LHRH-Acdien, respectively. Cellular uptake of the compounds 99mTc-Acdien-LHRH, Re-Acdien-LHRH, and Re-Acdien-peg-LHRH was found to be significantly enhanced compared to that of untargeted 99mTc alone and unlabeled [Re(CO)3(H2O)3]+. In addition, the conjugate compounds showed no difference in cellular toxicity compared to untargeted 99mTc alone or unlabeled [Re(CO)3(H2O)3]+. Further, a competition assay using LHRH indicated selective targeting of Re-Acdien-peg-LHRH toward the LHRH receptor (p < 0.05) compared to that of [Re(CO)3(H2O)3]+ alone. Together, our data show the design paradigm and synthesis of targeting radionuclides using the LHRH peptide. Our data suggests that utilizing the LHRH peptide can lead to selective targeting and diagnosis of breast cancers expressing the LHRH receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay E. Calderon
- Department
of Biology, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475, United States
| | - Carrie A. Black
- Department
of Chemistry, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475, United States
| | - Joseph D. Rollins
- Department
of Biology, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475, United States
| | - Brittany Overbay
- Department
of Chemistry, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475, United States
| | - Semekidus Shiferawe
- Department
of Biology, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475, United States
| | - Andrew Elliott
- Department
of Chemistry, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475, United States
| | - Sara Reitz
- Department
of Chemistry, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475, United States
| | - Shu Liu
- Department
of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
| | - Junling Li
- Department
of Radiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, United States
| | - Chin K. Ng
- Department
of Radiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, United States
| | - Margaret W. Ndinguri
- Department
of Chemistry, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475, United States
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10
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Farahani AM, Maleki F, Sadeghzadeh N, Abediankenari S, Abedi SM, Erfani M. Evaluation of a New <sup>99m</sup>Tc-labeled GnRH Analogue as a Possible Imaging Agent for Prostate Cancer Detection. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 20:1695-1703. [PMID: 32560611 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200619175352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prostate cancer is a serious threat to men's health so it is necessary to develop technics for early detection of this malignancy. The purpose of this research was the evaluation of a new99mTc-labeled GnRH analogue as an imaging probe for tumor targeting of prostate cancer. METHODS 99mTc-labeled-DLys6-GnRH analogue was prepared based on HYNIC as a chelating agent and tricine/ EDDA as coligands for labeling with 99mTc. HYNIC was coupled to epsilon amino group of DLys6 through aminobutyric acid (GABA) as a linker. Radiochemical purity and stability in normal saline and serum, were determined by TLC and HPLC methods. Furthermore, calculation of protein-binding and partition coefficient constant were carried out for 99mTc labeled peptide. The cellular experiments including receptor binding specificity and affinity were studied using three prostate cancer cell lines LN-CaP, DU-145 and PC-3. Finally, the animal assessment and SPECT imaging of radiolabeled GnRH analogue were evaluated on normal mice and nude mice bearing LN-CaP tumor. RESULTS The GnRH conjugate was labeled with high radiochemical purity (~97%). The radiolabeled peptide showed efficient stability in the presence of normal saline and human serum. The in vitro cellular assays on three prostate cancer cell lines indicated that the radiotracer was bound to LN-CaP cells with higher affinity compared to DU-145 and PC-3 cells. The Kd values of 99mTc- HYNIC (tricine/ EDDA)-Gaba-D-Lys6GnRH were 89.39±26.71, 93.57±30.49 and107.3±18.82 in LN-CaP, PC-3 and DU-145 cells respectively. The biodistribution studies in normal mice and LN-CaP tumor-bearing nude mice showed similar results including rapid blood clearance and low radioactivity accumulation in non-target organs. High kidney uptake proved that the main excretion route of radiopeptide was through the urinary system. The tumor uptake was 1.72±0.45 %ID/g at 1h p.i. decreasing to 0.70±0.06%ID/g at 4h p.i. for 99mTc-HYNIC-Gaba-D-Lys6GnRH. The maximum tumor/ muscle ratio was 2.30 at 1h p.i. Pre-saturation of receptor using an excess of unlabeled peptide revealed that the tumor uptake was receptor mediated. The results of the SPECT image of LN-CaP tumor were in agreement with the biodistribution data. CONCLUSION Based on this study, we suggest LN-CaP as a favorable cell line for in vivo studies on GnRH analogues. Moreover, this report shows that 99mTc-HYNIC (tricine/EDDA)-Gaba-D-Lys6GnRH may be a suitable candidate for further evaluation of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezou Masteri Farahani
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fariba Maleki
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Nourollah Sadeghzadeh
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Saeid Abediankenari
- Immunogenetics Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Abedi
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mostafa Erfani
- Radiation Application Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI), Tehran, Iran
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11
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Gafurov ZN, Sakhapov IF, Kagilev AA, Kantyukov AO, Khayarov KR, Sinyashin OG, Yakhvarov DG. The formation of mesitylphosphine and dimesitylphosphine in the reaction of organonickel σ-complex [NiBr(Mes)(bpy)] (Mes = 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl, bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine) with phosphine PH3. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2020.1756289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zufar N. Gafurov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kazan, Russia
| | - Il’yas F. Sakhapov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kazan, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Oleg G. Sinyashin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kazan, Russia
| | - Dmitry G. Yakhvarov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kazan, Russia
- Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
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12
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Masteri Farahani A, Maleki F, Sadeghzadeh N, Abediankenari S, Abedi SM, Erfani M. 99m Tc-(EDDA/tricine)-HYNIC-GnRH analogue as a potential imaging probe for diagnosis of prostate cancer. Chem Biol Drug Des 2020; 96:850-860. [PMID: 32279449 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a serious threat to men's health, so it is necessary to develop the techniques for early detection of this malignancy. Radiolabeled peptides are the useful tools for diagnosis of prostate cancer. In this research, we designed a new HYNIC-conjugated GnRH analogue and labeled it by 99m Tc with tricine/EDDA as coligands. We used aminohexanoic acid (Ahx) as a hydrocarbon linker to generate 99m Tc-(tricine/EDDA)-HYNIC-Ahx-[DLys6 ]GnRH. The radiopeptide exhibited high radiochemical purity and stability in solution and serum. Two human prostate cancer cell lines LN-CaP and DU-145 were used for cellular experiments. The binding specificity and affinity of radiopeptide for LN-CaP were superior to DU-145 cells. The Kd values for LN-CaP and DU-145 cells were 41.91 ± 7.03 nM and 55.96 ± 10.56 nM, respectively. High kidney uptake proved that the main excretion route of radiopeptide was through the urinary system. The tumor/muscle ratio of 99m Tc-HYNIC-Ahx-[DLys6 ]GnRH was 4.14 at 1 hr p.i. that decreased to 2.41 at 4 hr p.i. in LN-CaP tumor-xenografted nude mice. The blocking experiment revealed that the tumor uptake was receptor-mediated. The lesion was visualized clearly using 99m Tc-[DLys6 ]GnRH at 1 hr p.i. Accordingly, this research highlights the capability of 99m Tc-(tricine/EDDA)-HYNIC-Ahx-[DLys6 ]GnRH peptide as a promising agent for GnRHR-expressing tumor imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezou Masteri Farahani
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fariba Maleki
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Nourollah Sadeghzadeh
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Saeid Abediankenari
- Immunogenetics Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Abedi
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mostafa Erfani
- Radiation Application Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI), Tehran, Iran
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13
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Synthesis and Evaluation of 18F-Labeled Peptide for Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Imaging. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2019; 2019:5635269. [PMID: 30983920 PMCID: PMC6431521 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5635269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor is overexpressed in the majority of tumors of the human reproductive system. The purpose of this study was to develop an 18F-labeled peptide for tumor GnRH receptor imaging. In this study, the GnRH (pGlu1-His2-Trp3-Ser4-Tyr5-Gly6-Leu7-Arg8-Pro9-Gly10-NH2) peptide analogues FP-d-Lys6-GnRH (FP = 2-fluoropropanoyl) and NOTA-P-d-Lys6-GnRH (P = ethylene glycol) were designed and synthesized. The IC50 values of FP-d-Lys6-GnRH and NOTA-P-d-Lys6-GnRH were 2.0 nM and 56.2 nM, respectively. 4-Nitrophenyl-2-[18F]fluoropropionate was conjugated to the ε-amino group of the d-lysine side chain of d-Lys6-GnRH to yield the new tracer [18F]FP-d-Lys6-GnRH with a decay-corrected yield of 8 ± 3% and a specific activity of 20−100 GBq/µmol (n=6). Cell uptake studies of [18F]FP-d-Lys6-GnRH in GnRH receptor-positive PC-3 cells and GnRH receptor-negative CHO-K1 cells indicated receptor-specific accumulation. Biodistribution and PET studies in nude mice bearing PC-3 xenografted tumors showed that [18F]FP-d-Lys6-GnRH was localized in tumors with a higher uptake than in surrounding muscle and heart tissues. Furthermore, the metabolic stability of [18F]FP-d-Lys6-GnRH was determined in mouse blood and PC-3 tumor homogenates at 1 h after tracer injection. The presented results indicated a potential of the novel tracer [18F]FP-d-Lys6-GnRH for tumor GnRH receptor imaging.
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14
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Xu J, Feng C, Miao Y. Evaluation of novel 111In-labeled gonadotropin-releasing hormone peptides for human prostate cancer imaging. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:4647-4651. [PMID: 28917649 PMCID: PMC5726392 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tumor targeting and imaging properties of novel 111In-labeled gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) peptides for human prostate cancer. Three new 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA)-linker-d-Phe-(d-Lys6-GnRH) peptides with different hydrocarbon linkers were designed to evaluate their effects on GnRH receptor binding affinities. The Aoc (aminooctanoic acid) linker was better than βAla (3-aminopropanoic acid) and Aun (aminoundecanoic acid) linkers in retaining strong receptor binding affinity. DOTA-Aoc-d-Phe-(d-Lys6-GnRH) exhibited 6.6±0.1nM GnRH receptor binding affinity. 111In-DOTA-Aoc-d-Phe-(d-Lys6-GnRH) exhibited fast tumor uptake and urinary clearance in DU145 human prostate cancer-xenografted nude mice. The DU145 tumor lesions could be clearly visualized by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/CT using 111In-DOTA-Aoc-d-Phe-(d-Lys6-GnRH) as an imaging probe, providing an insight into the design of new GnRH peptides for prostate cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingli Xu
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Changjian Feng
- College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Yubin Miao
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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15
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Davies LH, Wallis JF, Harrington RW, Waddell PG, Higham LJ. Air-stable fluorescent primary phosphine complexes of molybdenum and tungsten. J COORD CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2016.1193169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura H. Davies
- School of Chemistry, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | | | - Paul G. Waddell
- School of Chemistry, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Lee J. Higham
- School of Chemistry, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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16
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Chanawanno K, Kondeti V, Caporoso J, Paruchuri S, Leeper TC, Herrick RS, Ziegler CJ. Facile rhenium-peptide conjugate synthesis using a one-pot derived Re(CO)3 reagent. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:4729-35. [PMID: 26863280 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt04694g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesized two Re(CO)3-modified lysine complexes (1 and 2), where the metal is attached to the amino acid at the Nε position, via a one-pot Schiff base formation reaction. These compounds can be used in the solid phase synthesis of peptides, and to date we have produced four conjugate systems incorporating neurotensin, bombesin, leutenizing hormone releasing hormone, and a nuclear localization sequence. We observed uptake into human umbilical vascular endothelial cells as well as differential uptake depending on peptide sequence identity, as characterized by fluorescence and rhenium elemental analysis.
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17
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Dash A, Chakraborty S, Pillai MRA, Knapp FFR. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy: an overview. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2015; 30:47-71. [PMID: 25710506 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2014.1741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is a site-directed targeted therapeutic strategy that specifically uses radiolabeled peptides as biological targeting vectors designed to deliver cytotoxic levels of radiation dose to cancer cells, which overexpress specific receptors. Interest in PRRT has steadily grown because of the advantages of targeting cellular receptors in vivo with high sensitivity as well as specificity and treatment at the molecular level. Recent advances in molecular biology have not only stimulated advances in PRRT in a sustainable manner but have also pushed the field significantly forward to several unexplored possibilities. Recent decades have witnessed unprecedented endeavors for developing radiolabeled receptor-binding somatostatin analogs for the treatment of neuroendocrine tumors, which have played an important role in the evolution of PRRT and paved the way for the development of other receptor-targeting peptides. Several peptides targeting a variety of receptors have been identified, demonstrating their potential to catalyze breakthroughs in PRRT. In this review, the authors discuss several of these peptides and their analogs with regard to their applications and potential in radionuclide therapy. The advancement in the availability of combinatorial peptide libraries for peptide designing and screening provides the capability of regulating immunogenicity and chemical manipulability. Moreover, the availability of a wide range of bifunctional chelating agents opens up the scope of convenient radiolabeling. For these reasons, it would be possible to envision a future where the scope of PRRT can be tailored for patient-specific application. While PRRT lies at the interface between many disciplines, this technology is inextricably linked to the availability of the therapeutic radionuclides of required quality and activity levels and hence their production is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Dash
- 1 Isotope Production and Applications Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai, India
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18
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Lu J, Hathaway HJ, Royce ME, Prossnitz ER, Miao Y. Introduction of D-phenylalanine enhanced the receptor binding affinities of gonadotropin-releasing hormone peptides. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:725-30. [PMID: 24418777 PMCID: PMC3924789 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.12.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 12/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine whether the introduction of D-Phe could improve the GnRH receptor binding affinities of DOTA-conjugated D-Lys(6)-GnRH peptides. Building upon the construct of DOTA-Ahx-(D-Lys(6)-GnRH1) we previously reported, an aromatic amino acid of D-Phe was inserted either between the DOTA and Ahx or between the Ahx and D-Lys(6) to generate new DOTA-D-Phe-Ahx-(D-Lys(6)-GnRH) or DOTA-Ahx-D-Phe-(D-Lys(6)-GnRH) peptides. Compared to DOTA-Ahx-(D-Lys(6)-GnRH1) (36.1 nM), the introduction of D-Phe improved the GnRH receptor binding affinities of DOTA-D-Phe-Ahx-(D-Lys(6)-GnRH) (16.3 nM) and DOTA-Ahx-D-Phe-(D-Lys(6)-GnRH) (7.6 nM). The tumor targeting and pharmacokinetic properties of (111)In-DOTA-Ahx-D-Phe-(D-Lys(6)-GnRH) was determined in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer-xenografted nude mice. Compared to (111)In-DOTA-Ahx-(D-Lys(6)-GnRH1), (111)In-DOTA-Ahx-D-Phe-(D-Lys(6)-GnRH) exhibited comparable tumor uptake with faster renal and liver clearance. The MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer-xenografted tumors were clearly visualized by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) using (111)In-DOTA-Ahx-D-Phe-(D-Lys(6)-GnRH) as an imaging probe, providing a new insight into the design of new GnRH peptides in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lu
- College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, 2502 Marble NE, MSC09 5360, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States
| | - Helen J Hathaway
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States; Cancer Research and Treatment Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States
| | - Melanie E Royce
- Cancer Research and Treatment Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States; Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States
| | - Eric R Prossnitz
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States; Cancer Research and Treatment Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States
| | - Yubin Miao
- College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, 2502 Marble NE, MSC09 5360, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States; Cancer Research and Treatment Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States; Department of Dermatology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States.
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Müller C, Fischer E, Behe M, Köster U, Dorrer H, Reber J, Haller S, Cohrs S, Blanc A, Grünberg J, Bunka M, Zhernosekov K, van der Meulen N, Johnston K, Türler A, Schibli R. Future prospects for SPECT imaging using the radiolanthanide terbium-155 - production and preclinical evaluation in tumor-bearing mice. Nucl Med Biol 2013; 41 Suppl:e58-65. [PMID: 24360901 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We assessed the suitability of the radiolanthanide (155)Tb (t1/2=5.32 days, Eγ=87 keV (32%), 105keV (25%)) in combination with variable tumor targeted biomolecules using preclinical SPECT imaging. METHODS (155)Tb was produced at ISOLDE (CERN, Geneva, Switzerland) by high-energy (~1.4 GeV) proton irradiation of a tantalum target followed by ionization and on-line mass separation. (155)Tb was separated from isobar and pseudo-isobar impurities by cation exchange chromatography. Four tumor targeting molecules - a somatostatin analog (DOTATATE), a minigastrin analog (MD), a folate derivative (cm09) and an anti-L1-CAM antibody (chCE7) - were radiolabeled with (155)Tb. Imaging studies were performed in nude mice bearing AR42J, cholecystokinin-2 receptor expressing A431, KB, IGROV-1 and SKOV-3ip tumor xenografts using a dedicated small-animal SPECT/CT scanner. RESULTS The total yield of the two-step separation process of (155)Tb was 86%. (155)Tb was obtained in a physiological l-lactate solution suitable for direct labeling processes. The (155)Tb-labeled tumor targeted biomolecules were obtained at a reasonable specific activity and high purity (>95%). (155)Tb gave high quality, high resolution tomographic images. SPECT/CT experiments allowed excellent visualization of AR42J and CCK-2 receptor-expressing A431 tumors xenografts in mice after injection of (155)Tb-DOTATATE and (155)Tb-MD, respectively. The relatively long physical half-life of (155)Tb matched in particular the biological half-lives of (155)Tb-cm09 and (155)Tb-DTPA-chCE7 allowing SPECT imaging of KB tumors, IGROV-1 and SKOV-3ip tumors even several days after administration. CONCLUSIONS The radiolanthanide (155)Tb may be of particular interest for low-dose SPECT prior to therapy with a therapeutic match such as the β(-)-emitting radiolanthanides (177)Lu, (161)Tb, (166)Ho, and the pseudo-radiolanthanide (90)Y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Müller
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Eliane Fischer
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Martin Behe
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | | | - Holger Dorrer
- Laboratory of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland; Laboratory of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Josefine Reber
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Haller
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Susan Cohrs
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Alain Blanc
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Grünberg
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Maruta Bunka
- Laboratory of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland; Laboratory of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Konstantin Zhernosekov
- Laboratory of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas van der Meulen
- Laboratory of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Karl Johnston
- Physics Department, ISOLDE/CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Türler
- Laboratory of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland; Laboratory of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Roger Schibli
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland; Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Shaw WJ. The Outer-Coordination Sphere: Incorporating Amino Acids and Peptides as Ligands for Homogeneous Catalysts to Mimic Enzyme Function. CATALYSIS REVIEWS-SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/01614940.2012.679453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Laverman P, Sosabowski JK, Boerman OC, Oyen WJG. Radiolabelled peptides for oncological diagnosis. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2012; 39 Suppl 1:S78-92. [PMID: 22388627 PMCID: PMC3304069 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-011-2014-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Radiolabelled receptor-binding peptides targeting receptors (over)expressed on tumour cells are widely under investigation for tumour diagnosis and therapy. The concept of using radiolabelled receptor-binding peptides to target receptor-expressing tissues in vivo has stimulated a large body of research in nuclear medicine. The 111In-labelled somatostatin analogue octreotide (OctreoScan™) is the most successful radiopeptide for tumour imaging, and was the first to be approved for diagnostic use. Based on the success of these studies, other receptor-targeting peptides such as cholecystokinin/gastrin analogues, glucagon-like peptide-1, bombesin (BN), chemokine receptor CXCR4 targeting peptides, and RGD peptides are currently under development or undergoing clinical trials. In this review, we discuss some of these peptides and their analogues, with regard to their potential for radionuclide imaging of tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Laverman
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Hernández-Cairo A, Perera-Pintado A, Prats-Capote A, Batista-Cuellar J, Casacó-Santana C. Comparative Study of the Biodistribution of 99mTc-HYNIC-Lys3-Bombesin Obtained With the EDDA/Tricine and AN/Tricine as Coligands. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.remnie.2011.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Hernández-Cairo A, Perera-Pintado A, Prats-Capote A, Batista-Cuellar JF, Casacó-Santana C. [Comparative study of the biodistribution of (99m)Tc-HYNIC-Lys3-Bombesin obtained with the EDDA/tricine and NA/tricine as coligands]. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol 2012; 31:61-5. [PMID: 22305264 DOI: 10.1016/j.remn.2011.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Revised: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 09/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of present investigation was to evaluate biodistribution in healthy animals and in tumor models of the radiopharmaceuticals (99m)Tc-EDDA/tricine-HYNIC-Lys3-Bombesin (HYNIC-Lys3-BN) and (99m)Tc-NA/tricine-HYNIC-Lys3-BN. Biodistribution and pharmacokinetics were carried out over 24 hours. To do so, 24 healthy Wistar rats were used and were administered 37.0 ± 0.8 MBq/rat of each radiopharmaceutical. For the tumor model study, 20 CD-1 nude mice were used and prostate tumors (PC3) were implanted in all the mice. Ten days later, tumor volumes were calculated and 40.00 ± 0.04 MBq/mice of each radiopharmaceutical were injected. Both showed high radiochemical purity: 98.08 ± 0.25% for EDDA/tricine product and 95.1 ± 0.3% for the conjugate with NA/tricine. Uptake of the radiopharmaceutical with NA/tricine was significantly higher in organs of the reticulo-endothelial system of healthy Wistar rats during 24h, specifically in the liver and spleen. Both labeled compounds showed no significant differences between their blood elimination half lives. Average of tumor growth was 0.93 ± 0.02 cm(3) and affinity for tumors showed a growing and specific binding of both radiopharmaceuticals, although it was significantly higher for the EDDA/tricine conjugate. This outcome made it possible to corroborate the direct relationship between the density of gastrin releasing peptide and its receptors (GRPr) and the variation of the accumulation of the radiopharmaceuticals in the tumor. Use of EDDA/tricine as coligand is more appropriate than NA/tricine for labeling of HYNIC-Lys3-BN with (99m)Tc.
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Guo H, Lu J, Hathaway H, Royce ME, Prossnitz ER, Miao Y. Synthesis and evaluation of novel gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor-targeting peptides. Bioconjug Chem 2011; 22:1682-9. [PMID: 21749045 DOI: 10.1021/bc200252j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop novel radiolabeled gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor-targeting peptides for breast cancer imaging. Three novel 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA)-conjugated GnRH peptides were designed and synthesized. The radiometal chelator DOTA was conjugated to the epsilon or alpha amino group of D-lysine, or the epsilon amino group of L-lysine via an Ahx {aminohexanoic acid} linker to generate DOTA-Ahx-(D-Lys(6)-GnRH1), DOTA-Ahx-(D-Lys(6)-GnRH2) and DOTA-Ahx-(L-Lys(6)-GnRH3), respectively. The conjugation of the DOTA to the epsilon amino group of D-lysine (rather than alpha amino group of D-lysine nor epsilon amino group of L-lysine) maintained the nanomolar GnRH receptor binding affinity. The IC(50) values of DOTA-Ahx-(D-Lys(6)-GnRH1), DOTA-Ahx-(D-Lys(6)-GnRH2) and DOTA-Ahx-(L-Lys(6)-GnRH3) were 36.1 nM, 10.6 mM and 4.3 mM, respectively. Since only DOTA-Ahx-(D-Lys(6)-GnRH1) displayed nanomolar receptor binding affinity, the specific GnRH receptor binding of (111)In-DOTA-Ahx-(D-Lys(6)-GnRH1) was determined in human GnRH receptor membrane preparations. Furthermore, the biodistribution and tumor imaging properties of (111)In-DOTA-Ahx-(D-Lys(6)-GnRH1) were examined in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer-xenografted nude mice. (111)In-DOTA-Ahx-(D-Lys(6)-GnRH1) exhibited specific GnRH receptor binding and rapid tumor uptake (1.76 ± 0.58% ID/g at 0.5 h postinjection) coupled with fast whole-body clearance through the urinary system. The MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer-xenografted tumor lesions were clearly visualized by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/CT at 1 h postinjection of (111)In-DOTA-Ahx-(D-Lys(6)-GnRH1). The profound impact of DOTA position on the binding affinity of the GnRH peptide provided a new insight into the design of novel radiolabeled GnRH peptides. The successful imaging of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer-xenografted tumor lesions using (111)In-DOTA-Ahx-(D-Lys(6)-GnRH1) suggested its potential as a novel imaging probe for human breast cancer imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixun Guo
- College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
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Kannan R, Pillarsetty N, Gali H, Hoffman TJ, Barnes CL, Jurisson SS, Smith CJ, Volkert WA. Design and synthesis of a bombesin peptide-conjugated tripodal phosphino dithioether ligand topology for the stabilization of the fac-[M(CO)3]+ core (M=(99 m)Tc or Re). Inorg Chem 2011; 50:6210-9. [PMID: 21591746 DOI: 10.1021/ic200491z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A new tumor-seeking tridentate topology consisting of a phosphino dithioether ((HOCH(2))(2)PCH(2)CH(2)S(CH(2))(n)CH(2)SR; PS(2)) ligand framework for the production of kinetically inert and in vivo stable facial [(99m)Tc(CO)(3)(PS(2))](+) or [Re(CO)(3)(PS(2))](+) is described. The X-ray crystal structure of fac-Re(CO)(3)(PS(2))PF(6) is reported. The bioconjugation strategies for incorporating bombesin (BBN) peptides on to the PS(2) tripodal framework and, thereby, de novo designing of GRP receptor-seeking Tc(PS(2)-BBN)(CO)(3) are developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghuraman Kannan
- Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.
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Sadeghzadeh N, Gandomkar M, Najafi R, Shafiei M, Sadat Ebrahimi SE, Shafiee A, Larijani B. Preparation and evaluation of a new 99mTc labeled bombesin derivative for tumor imaging. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-009-0138-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ma L, Yu P, Veerendra B, Rold TL, Retzloff L, Prasanphanich A, Sieckman G, Hoffman TJ, Volkert WA, Smith CJ. In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Alexa Fluor 680-Bombesin[7–14]NH2Peptide Conjugate, a High-Affinity Fluorescent Probe with High Selectivity for the Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor. Mol Imaging 2007. [DOI: 10.2310/7290.2007.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Ma
- From the Departments of Radiology, Internal Medicine, and Medical Pharmacology and Physiology; The Radiopharmaceutical Sciences Institute; and International Institute of Nano and Molecular Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri-Columbia; University of Missouri Research Reactor Center, University of Missouri-Columbia; and Research Division, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO
| | - Ping Yu
- From the Departments of Radiology, Internal Medicine, and Medical Pharmacology and Physiology; The Radiopharmaceutical Sciences Institute; and International Institute of Nano and Molecular Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri-Columbia; University of Missouri Research Reactor Center, University of Missouri-Columbia; and Research Division, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO
| | - Bhadrasetty Veerendra
- From the Departments of Radiology, Internal Medicine, and Medical Pharmacology and Physiology; The Radiopharmaceutical Sciences Institute; and International Institute of Nano and Molecular Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri-Columbia; University of Missouri Research Reactor Center, University of Missouri-Columbia; and Research Division, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO
| | - Tammy L. Rold
- From the Departments of Radiology, Internal Medicine, and Medical Pharmacology and Physiology; The Radiopharmaceutical Sciences Institute; and International Institute of Nano and Molecular Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri-Columbia; University of Missouri Research Reactor Center, University of Missouri-Columbia; and Research Division, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO
| | - Lauren Retzloff
- From the Departments of Radiology, Internal Medicine, and Medical Pharmacology and Physiology; The Radiopharmaceutical Sciences Institute; and International Institute of Nano and Molecular Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri-Columbia; University of Missouri Research Reactor Center, University of Missouri-Columbia; and Research Division, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO
| | - Adam Prasanphanich
- From the Departments of Radiology, Internal Medicine, and Medical Pharmacology and Physiology; The Radiopharmaceutical Sciences Institute; and International Institute of Nano and Molecular Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri-Columbia; University of Missouri Research Reactor Center, University of Missouri-Columbia; and Research Division, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO
| | - Gary Sieckman
- From the Departments of Radiology, Internal Medicine, and Medical Pharmacology and Physiology; The Radiopharmaceutical Sciences Institute; and International Institute of Nano and Molecular Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri-Columbia; University of Missouri Research Reactor Center, University of Missouri-Columbia; and Research Division, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO
| | - Timothy J. Hoffman
- From the Departments of Radiology, Internal Medicine, and Medical Pharmacology and Physiology; The Radiopharmaceutical Sciences Institute; and International Institute of Nano and Molecular Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri-Columbia; University of Missouri Research Reactor Center, University of Missouri-Columbia; and Research Division, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO
| | - Wynn A. Volkert
- From the Departments of Radiology, Internal Medicine, and Medical Pharmacology and Physiology; The Radiopharmaceutical Sciences Institute; and International Institute of Nano and Molecular Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri-Columbia; University of Missouri Research Reactor Center, University of Missouri-Columbia; and Research Division, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO
| | - Charles J. Smith
- From the Departments of Radiology, Internal Medicine, and Medical Pharmacology and Physiology; The Radiopharmaceutical Sciences Institute; and International Institute of Nano and Molecular Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri-Columbia; University of Missouri Research Reactor Center, University of Missouri-Columbia; and Research Division, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO
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Abstract
The fact that a number of common human tumours, including those of breast and prostate, express increased levels of the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRP-R) means that this receptor is a potential target for peptide receptor mediated scintigraphy and targeted radionuclide therapy. Although clinical application is yet in its infancy, there is a considerable literature on preclinical studies aimed at developing suitable radioligands for potential clinical application. This brief review provides an overview of this research and also describes some of the limited clinical studies that have been published.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodosia Maina
- Institute of Radioisotopes--Radiodiagnostic Products, NCSR Demokritos, Athens, Greece
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Tzanopoulou S, Pirmettis IC, Patsis G, Paravatou-Petsotas M, Livaniou E, Papadopoulos M, Pelecanou M. Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation of M(I)(CO)3(NNO) Complexes (M = Re, 99mTc) Conjugated to 2-(4-Aminophenyl)benzothiazole as Potential Breast Cancer Radiopharmaceuticals. J Med Chem 2006; 49:5408-10. [PMID: 16942013 DOI: 10.1021/jm0606387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and biological evaluation of new M(I)(CO)3(NNO) (M = Re, 99mTc) complexes attached to the antitumor agent 2-(4-aminophenyl)benzothiazole are reported. The fluorescent rhenium complex enters MCF-7 breast cancer cells but does not enter normal HFFF-2 and MRC-5 cells. The analogous radioactive 99mTc complex produces fast blood and soft tissue clearance when administered to healthy mice. These complexes are promising candidates for developing radiopharmaceuticals for imaging (99mTc) and targeted radiotherapy (186Re, 188Re) of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stamatia Tzanopoulou
- Institute of Biology, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, 15310 Athens, Greece
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Alves S, Correia JDG, Santos I, Veerendra B, Sieckman GL, Hoffman TJ, Rold TL, Figueroa SD, Retzloff L, McCrate J, Prasanphanich A, Smith CJ. Pyrazolyl conjugates of bombesin: a new tridentate ligand framework for the stabilization of fac-[M(CO)3]+ moiety. Nucl Med Biol 2006; 33:625-34. [PMID: 16843837 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2006.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2005] [Revised: 02/28/2006] [Accepted: 03/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have described the synthesis of tridentate pyrazolyl ligand frameworks for coordination to the fac-[*M(CO)(3)](+) metal fragment (*M=(186/188)Re or (99m)Tc). These ligands impart a degree of kinetic inertness on the metal center, warranting their study in biological systems. We herein report in vitro/in vivo radiolabeling investigations of a new series of pyrazolyl bombesin (BBN) conjugates radiolabeled via the Isolink kit. These new conjugates are based on the general structure [(99m)Tc-pyrazolyl-X-BBN[7-14]NH(2)], where X=beta-alanine, serylserylserine or glycylglycylglycine. The pyrazolyl ligand is a tridentate ligand framework that coordinates the metal center through nitrogen donor atoms. The results of these investigations demonstrate the ability of these new conjugates to specifically target the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor subtype 2, which is overexpressed on human prostate PC-3 cancerous tissues. Therefore, these studies suggest the tridentate pyrazolyl ligand framework to be an ideal candidate for the design and development of low-valent (99m)Tc-based diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals based on BBN or other targeting vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Alves
- Departamento de Química, Instituto Tecnológico e Nuclear, 2686-953 Sacavém, Portugal
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Tzanopoulou S, Pirmettis IC, Patsis G, Raptopoulou C, Terzis A, Papadopoulos M, Pelecanou M. Oxorhenium(V) and Oxotechnetium(V) [NN][S]3Complexes of 2-Phenylbenzothiazole Derivatives. Inorg Chem 2006; 45:902-9. [PMID: 16411729 DOI: 10.1021/ic051538e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of 2-(2'-pyridyl)benzothiazole, [NN], with the ReO(V)(3+) and TcO(V)(3+) cores in the presence of thiophenols, [S] (RC(6)H(4)SH, R = H, 4-CH(3), 4-OCH(3)), as coligands led to the isolation of hexacoordinated complexes of the MO[NN][S](3) type (M = Re, Tc). In all cases, two geometric mer isomers were formed, as evidenced by NMR spectroscopy and confirmed by X-ray crystallography. In both isomers, the coordination geometry about the metal ion is a distorted octahedral defined by the two nitrogen atoms of the bidentate ligand, the three sulfur atoms of the monodentate thiols, and the oxygen atom of the oxo group. The apical positions of the octahedron are occupied by the oxygen of the oxo group and, in one of the isomers, the nitrogen of the pyridyl moiety of 2-(2'-pyridyl)benzothiazole, while, in the second isomer, the imine nitrogen of 2-(2'-pyridyl)benzothiazole. The complexes are stable, neutral, and lipophilic. Complete (1)H and (13)C NMR assignments are reported for all complexes. The synthetic reaction was also successfully transferred at the technetium-99m tracer level by ligand exchange reaction using (99m)Tc-glucoheptonate as precursor in the presence of 2-(2'-pyridyl)benzothiazole and 4-CH(3)C(6)H(4)SH. The structure of the technetium-99m complex was established by high-performance liquid chromatographic comparison with the analogous oxotechnetium and oxorhenium complexes. The 2-(2'-pyridyl)benzothiazole ligand serves as a preliminary model for 2-(4-aminophenyl)benzothiazole, which possesses interesting properties for the development of technetium and rhenium radiopharmaceuticals for tumor imaging and/or radiotherapy as well as in vivo diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stamatia Tzanopoulou
- Institutes of Biology, Radioisotopes-Radiodiagnostic Products, and Materials Science, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, 15310 Athens, Greece
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Smith CJ, Volkert WA, Hoffman TJ. Radiolabeled peptide conjugates for targeting of the bombesin receptor superfamily subtypes. Nucl Med Biol 2005; 32:733-40. [PMID: 16243649 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2005.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2005] [Accepted: 05/17/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Research laboratories around the world are currently focusing their efforts toward the development of radiometallated, site-directed, diagnostic/therapeutic agents based upon small peptides such as octreotide, neurotensin, alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone, vasointestinal peptide and others. Bombesin (BBN) or derivatives of bombesin are also of significant interest. Bombesin is a 14-amino-acid peptide with very high affinity for the BB2 or gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPr). Over-expression of the GRPr on a variety of human cancers (i.e., breast, prostate, pancreatic, small cell lung, etc.) provides potential efficacy toward development of radiometallated BBN derivatives for targeting and, hence, diagnosis/treatment of these specific diseases. New derivatives are being developed that are also capable of targeting the BB1 and BB3 receptor subtypes that are over-expressed on cancer cells. This review highlights some of the more recent developments toward design of BBN receptor-specific radiopharmaceuticals that have taken place over the past 2 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles J Smith
- Research Services, H.S. Truman Memorial VA Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
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Pillarsetty N, Raghuraman K, Barnes CL, Katti KV. Design, Synthesis, and Chemistry of Sterically Nondemanding Primary Bisphosphines1. J Am Chem Soc 2004; 127:331-6. [PMID: 15631483 DOI: 10.1021/ja047238y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Design and synthesis of chelating bisphosphines functionalized with the smallest chemical unit "H" on the P(III) centers ((PH(2)CH(2))(2)CHCH(2)NHPh (4) and (PH(2)CH(2))(2)CHCONHPh (5)) are described. Studies demonstrating that no bulky chemical substituents are necessary to offer thermal/oxidative stability to the -PH(2) groups in 4 and 5 are described. The H atoms around the P(III) centers in 5 (or 4) concur limited/no steric influence, but yet the phosphines manifest high nucleophilicity to coordinate strongly with W(0) and Re(I). The studies include synthesis and X-ray structural characterization of an air-stable primary bisphosphine (5) and its transition-metal chemistry with W(CO)(6) and Re(CO)(5)Br to produce the complexes (eta(2)-(PH(2)CH(2))(2)CHCONHPh)W(CO)(4) (6) and (eta(2)-(PH(2)CH(2))(2)CHCONHPh)Re(CO)(3)Br (7), respectively.
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Barda Y, Cohen N, Lev V, Ben-Aroya N, Koch Y, Mishani E, Fridkin M, Gilon C. Backbone metal cyclization: Novel 99mTc labeled GnRH analog as potential SPECT molecular imaging agent in cancer. Nucl Med Biol 2004; 31:921-33. [PMID: 15464394 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2004.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2004] [Revised: 05/12/2004] [Accepted: 05/20/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a decapeptide secreted to the pituitary where it binds to specific receptors on the gonadotropes to regulate gonadotropic hormones (luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)) synthesis and secretion. Specific GnRH receptors are overexpressed in breast, prostatic, ovarian, and other tumors. The aim of this study was to synthesize a cyclic GnRH analog with high affinity to GnRH receptors that can be radiolabeled with 99mTc. A precyclic GnRH analog, [Cys-Gly]1[D-Ala]6[N(alpha)(eta-Cys-amino hexyl)]10GnRH (Gn-2), containing two hemi-chelator groups was synthesized. It was cyclized applying the recently reported backbone metal cyclization (BMC) approach, to obtain cyclo(Re(O)1-10)[Cys-Gly]1[D-Ala]6[N(alpha)(eta-Cys-amino hexyl)]10GnRH (cyclo[Re(O)-Gn-2]). For comparative evaluations, Gn-2 was oxidized on-resin to yield cyclo(S-S,1-10)[Cys-Gly]1[D-Ala]6[N(alpha)(eta-Cys-amino hexyl)]10GnRH, (cyclo[S-S-Gn-2]). The binding affinity of cyclo[Re(O)-Gn-2] to rat pituitary membranes showed IC50 of 50 nM, compared to IC50 = 10 nM in the native GnRH. Cyclo(99mTc(O)1-10)[Cys-Gly]1[D-Ala]6[N(alpha)(eta-Cys-amino hexyl)]10GnRH (cyclo[99mTc(O)-Gn-2]) was synthesized from Gn-2 and showed similar chromatographic behavior to its rhenium surrogate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaniv Barda
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
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Zhang H, Chen J, Waldherr C, Hinni K, Waser B, Reubi JC, Maecke HR. Synthesis and Evaluation of Bombesin Derivatives on the Basis of Pan-Bombesin Peptides Labeled with Indium-111, Lutetium-177, and Yttrium-90 for Targeting Bombesin Receptor-Expressing Tumors. Cancer Res 2004; 64:6707-15. [PMID: 15374988 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-03-3845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bombesin receptors are overexpressed on a variety of human tumors like prostate, breast, and lung cancer. The aim of this study was to develop radiolabeled (Indium-111, Lutetium-177, and Yttrium-90) bombesin analogues with affinity to the three bombesin receptor subtypes for targeted radiotherapy. The following structures were synthesized: diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-gamma-aminobutyric acid-[D-Tyr6, beta-Ala11, Thi13, Nle14] bombesin (6-14) (BZH1) and 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N",N"' -tetraacetic acid-gamma-aminobutyric acid-[D-Tyr6, beta-Ala11, Thi13, Nle14] bombesin (6-14) (BZH2). [111In]-BZH1 and in particular [90Y]-BZH2 were shown to have high affinity to all three human bombesin receptor subtypes with binding affinities in the nanomolar range. In human serum metabolic cleavage was found between beta-Ala11 and His12 with an approximate half-life of 2 hours. The metabolic breakdown was inhibited by EDTA and beta-Ala11-His12 (carnosine) indicating that carnosinase is the active enzyme. Both 111In-labeled peptides were shown to internalize into gastrin-releasing peptide-receptor-positive AR4-2J and PC-3 cells with similar high rates, which were independent of the radiometal. The biodistribution studies of [111In]-BZH1 and [111In]-BZH2 ([177Lu]-BZH2) in AR4-2J tumor-bearing rats showed specific and high uptake in gastrin-releasing peptide-receptor-positive organs and in the AR4-2J tumor. A fast clearance from blood and all of the nontarget organs except the kidneys was found. These radiopeptides were composed of the first pan-bombesin radioligands, which show great promise for the early diagnosis of tumors bearing not only gastrin-releasing peptide-receptors but also the other two bombesin receptor subtypes and may be of use in targeted radiotherapy of these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwen Zhang
- Division of Radiological Chemistry, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Basel
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Smith CJ, Volkert WA, Hoffman TJ. Gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) receptor targeted radiopharmaceuticals: a concise update. Nucl Med Biol 2004; 30:861-8. [PMID: 14698790 DOI: 10.1016/s0969-8051(03)00116-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) receptor is becoming an increasingly attractive target for development of new radiolabeled peptides with diagnostic and therapeutic potential. The attractiveness of the GRP receptor as a target is based upon the functional expression of GRP receptors in several tumors of neuroendocrine origin including prostate, breast, and small cell lung cancer. This concise review outlines some of the efforts currently underway to develop new GRP receptor specific radiopharmaceuticals by employing a variety of radiometal chelation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Smith
- Radiopharmaceutical Sciences Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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Raghuraman K, Pillarsetty N, Prabhu KR, Katti KK, Katti KV. Unprecedented rhodium-mediated catalytic transfer hydrogenation of a phosphonate functionalized olefin in ecofriendly media. Inorganica Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2004.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Kniess T, Correia JDG, Domingos A, Palma E, Santos I. Synthesis and structural characterization of novel Re(i) tricarbonyl complexes anchored on a phosphinoarylbenzylamine and a phosphinoaryloxazoline generated in situ. Inorg Chem 2003; 42:6130-5. [PMID: 12971786 DOI: 10.1021/ic034372v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Reduction of the amide or replacement of the hydroxyl by a bromide in 2-(diphenylphosphanyl)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)benzamide (H2PNO) yielded the compounds 2-(diphenylphosphanyl)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)benzylamine (H2CH2PNO, 1) and N-(2-bromoethyl)-2-(diphenylphosphanyl)benzamide (HPNBr, 2), respectively. Compound 2 is obtained in low yield and, depending on the reaction conditions, is mixed with starting material or with a product which has been identified as 2-(2-diphenylphosphinophenyl)oxazoline (PPh3oxaz, 3). Compounds 1 and 2 react with (NEt(4))(2)[ReBr(3)(CO)(3)], leading to the complexes [Re(CO)(3)(kappa(2)-H(2)CH(2)PNO)Br] (4) and [Re(CO)(3)(kappa(2)-PPh(3)oxazBr)] (5), fully characterized by (1)H and (31)P NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallographic analysis. Complex 5 is the first example of a Re(I) tricarbonyl anchored on a phosphorus-oxazoline ligand, which has been generated during the course of complex formation. In the unexpected and unusual complex 5, the Re atom is stabilized by a bidentate 2-(2-diphenylphosphinophenyl)oxazoline, by a bromide, and by three facially arranged carbonyl groups. In complex 4, the carbonyl groups are also facially coordinated to the metal center and the other three remaining coordination positions are occupied by a bromide and by the bidentate (P, N) ligand 2-(diphenylphosphanyl)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)benzylamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Kniess
- Departamento de Química, ITN, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953 Sacavém Codex, Portugal
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Virta P, Katajisto J, Niittymäki T, Lönnberg H. Solid-supported synthesis of oligomeric bioconjugates. Tetrahedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(03)00704-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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42
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Pillarsetty N, Katti KK, Hoffman TJ, Volkert WA, Katti KV, Kamei H, Koide T. In vitro and in vivo antitumor properties of tetrakis((trishydroxy- methyl)phosphine)gold(I) chloride. J Med Chem 2003; 46:1130-2. [PMID: 12646023 DOI: 10.1021/jm025615g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel hydrophilic gold compound, tetrakis((trishydroxymethyl)phosphine)gold(I) chloride 1, has been investigated for its antitumor properties. In vitro studies demonstrate that 1 is active against HCT-15, AGS, PC-3, and LNCaP tumor cells. Cell cycle analysis of the HCT-15 cells by flow cytometry revealed elongation of the G1 phase of the cell cycle leading to growth inhibition. Administration of 1 to Balb/C mice inoculated with syngenic meth/A cells demonstrated statistically significant dose-dependent survival time.
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Raghuraman K, Pillarsetty N, Volkert WA, Barnes C, Jurisson S, Katti KV. Exceptional kinetic propensity of hydroxymethyl phosphanes toward Rh(III) stabilization in water. J Am Chem Soc 2002; 124:7276-7. [PMID: 12071729 DOI: 10.1021/ja025987e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reactions of (HOCH2)2P(C6H4)P(CH2OH)2 (HMPB) and P(CH2OH)3 (THP) with RhCl3.xH2O in aqueous media gave water-soluble complexes cis-[RhCl2{eta2-(HOCH2)2P(C6H4)P(CH2OH)2}2]Cl (3) and fac-[RhCl3(P(CH2OH)3)3] (4) respectively in good yields, X-ray crystal structures of 3 and 4 confirmed their molecular constitution. These reactions provide the first examples demonstrating the kinetic propensity of hydroxymethyl phosphanes to stabilize Rh in +3 oxidation state in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannan Raghuraman
- Radiopharmaceutical Sciences Institute, Department of Radiology, 301, Business Loop 70W, Alton Building Laboratories, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211,USA
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Kothari KK, Gali H, Prabhu KR, Pillarsetty N, Owen NK, Katti KV, Hoffman TJ, Volkert WA. Synthesis and characterization of (99m)Tc- and (188)Re-complexes with a diamido-dihydroxymethylenephosphine-based bifunctional chelating agent (N(2)P(2)-BFCA). Nucl Med Biol 2002; 29:83-9. [PMID: 11786279 DOI: 10.1016/s0969-8051(01)00280-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A diamido-dihydroxymethylenephosphine (N(2)P(2)) bifunction chelating agent (BFCA) was shown to form well-defined (99m)Tc- and (188)Re-chelate structures. The 4, 4-bis [bis-hydroxymethyl-phosphonyl-propylcarbonmoyl]-butyric acid bifunctional chelating agent (N(2)P(2)-BFCA) formed stable complexes with (99m)Tc and (188)Re in >95% yield with high radiochemical purity (RCP). The biodistribution of the (99m)Tc- and (188)Re-N(2)P(2)-BFCAs after intravenous injection studied in normal mice showed the activity was excreted primarily via renal-urinary pathway indicating their use for labeling peptides with (99m)Tc and (188)Re.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Kothari
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai, India.
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Valliant JF, Riddoch R, Hughes DW, Roe DG, Fauconnier TK, Thornback JR. The solid phase synthesis and NMR spectroscopy of a 99Tc chelate–bombesin derived peptide conjugate. Inorganica Chim Acta 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(01)00637-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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