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Richter F, Martin L, Leer K, Moek E, Hausig F, Brendel JC, Traeger A. Tuning of endosomal escape and gene expression by functional groups, molecular weight and transfection medium: a structure-activity relationship study. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:5026-5041. [PMID: 32319993 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00340a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The use of genetic material by non-viral transfer systems is still in its initial stages, but there are high expectations for the development of targeted therapies. However, nucleic acids cannot enter cells without help, they must be well protected to prevent degradation and overcome a variety of biological barriers, the endosomal barrier being one of the greatest cellular challenges. Herein, the structure-property-relationship was investigated in detail, using well-defined polymers. Polyacrylamides were synthesized via RAFT polymerization resulting in a polymer library of (i) different cationic groups as aminoethyl acrylamide (AEAm), dimethylaminoethyl acrylamide (DMAEAm), dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide (DMAPAm) and guanidinopropyl acrylamide (GPAm); (ii) different degree of polymerization; and investigated (iii) in different cell culture settings. The influence of molar mass and cationic moiety on complex formation with pDNA, cytotoxicity and transfection efficiency of the polymers were investigated. The systematic approach identified a pH-independent guanidinium-containing homopolymer (PGPAm89) as the polymer with the highest transfection efficiency and superior endosomal release under optimal conditions. Since PGPAm89 is not further protonated inside endosomes, common escape theories appear unsuitable. Therefore, the interaction with bis(monoacryloylglycerol)phosphate, a lipid specific for endosomal vesicles, was investigated. Our research suggests that the interactions between amines and lipids may be more relevant than anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Richter
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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Ren JM, McKenzie TG, Fu Q, Wong EHH, Xu J, An Z, Shanmugam S, Davis TP, Boyer C, Qiao GG. Star Polymers. Chem Rev 2016; 116:6743-836. [PMID: 27299693 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 525] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in controlled/living polymerization techniques and highly efficient coupling chemistries have enabled the facile synthesis of complex polymer architectures with controlled dimensions and functionality. As an example, star polymers consist of many linear polymers fused at a central point with a large number of chain end functionalities. Owing to this exclusive structure, star polymers exhibit some remarkable characteristics and properties unattainable by simple linear polymers. Hence, they constitute a unique class of technologically important nanomaterials that have been utilized or are currently under audition for many applications in life sciences and nanotechnologies. This article first provides a comprehensive summary of synthetic strategies towards star polymers, then reviews the latest developments in the synthesis and characterization methods of star macromolecules, and lastly outlines emerging applications and current commercial use of star-shaped polymers. The aim of this work is to promote star polymer research, generate new avenues of scientific investigation, and provide contemporary perspectives on chemical innovation that may expedite the commercialization of new star nanomaterials. We envision in the not-too-distant future star polymers will play an increasingly important role in materials science and nanotechnology in both academic and industrial settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing M Ren
- Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Thomas G McKenzie
- Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Qiang Fu
- Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Edgar H H Wong
- Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Jiangtao Xu
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Australia , Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Zesheng An
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University , Shanghai 2000444, People's Republic of China
| | - Sivaprakash Shanmugam
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Australia , Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Thomas P Davis
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Australia , Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Greg G Qiao
- Polymer Science Group, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Mendrek B, Sieroń Ł, Żymełka-Miara I, Binkiewicz P, Libera M, Smet M, Trzebicka B, Sieroń AL, Kowalczuk A, Dworak A. Nonviral Plasmid DNA Carriers Based on N,N'-Dimethylaminoethyl Methacrylate and Di(ethylene glycol) Methyl Ether Methacrylate Star Copolymers. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:3275-85. [PMID: 26375579 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Star polymers with random and block copolymer arms made of cationic N,N'-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) and nonionic di(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (DEGMA) were synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and used for the delivery of plasmid DNA in gene therapy. All stars were able to form polyplexes with plasmid DNA. The structure and size of the polyplexes were precisely determined using light scattering and cryo-TEM microscopy. The hydrodynamic radius of a complex of DNA with star was dependent on the architecture of the star arms, the DEGMA content and the number of amino groups in the star compared to the number of phosphate groups of the nucleic acid (N/P ratio). The smallest polyplexes (Rh90°∼50 nm) with positive zeta potentials (∼15 mV) were formed of stars with N/P=6. The introduction of DEGMA into the star structure caused a decrease of polyplex cytotoxicity in comparison to DMAEMA homopolymer stars. The overall transfection efficiency using HT-1080 cells showed that the studied systems are prospective gene delivery agents. The most promising results were obtained for stars with random copolymer arms of high DEGMA content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Mendrek
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences , M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Łukasz Sieroń
- Department of General, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Silesia , Medykow 18, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Iwona Żymełka-Miara
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences , M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Paulina Binkiewicz
- University of Occupational Safety Management in Katowice , ul. Bankowa 8, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Marcin Libera
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences , M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Mario Smet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven , Celestijnenlaan, 200F, B-3001 Leuven (Heverlee), Belgium
| | - Barbara Trzebicka
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences , M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Aleksander L Sieroń
- Department of General, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Silesia , Medykow 18, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kowalczuk
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences , M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Andrzej Dworak
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences , M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
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Xue Y, Wei D, Zheng A, Guan Y, Xiao H. Study of Stimuli-Sensitivities of Amphiphilic Modified Star Poly[N,N-(Dimethylamino)ethyl Methacrylate] and Its Ability of DNA Complexation. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2014.953374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Theoni K Georgiou
- Surfactant and Colloid Group, Department of Chemistry; University of Hull; Hull HU6 7RX UK
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Zhao Y, Nakajima T, Yang JJ, Kurokawa T, Liu J, Lu J, Mizumoto S, Sugahara K, Kitamura N, Yasuda K, Daniels AUD, Gong JP. Proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans improve toughness of biocompatible double network hydrogels. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:436-442. [PMID: 24431128 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201303387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Based on the molecular stent concept, a series of tough double-network hydrogels (St-DN gels) made from the components of proteoglycan aggregates - chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (1), chondroitin sulfate (2), and sodium hyaluronate (3) - are successfully developed in combination with a neutral biocompatible polymer. This work demonstrates a promising method to create biopolymer-based tough hydrogels for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- Laboratory of Soft & Wet Matter, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-10-Nishi-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
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Chen Y, Yang Z, Liu C, Wang C, Zhao S, Yang J, Sun H, Zhang Z, Kong D, Song C. Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of paclitaxel loaded in six-arm star-shaped poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid). Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:4315-26. [PMID: 24235829 PMCID: PMC3825676 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s51629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Star-shaped polymers provide more terminal groups, and are promising for application in drug-delivery systems. Methods A new series of six-arm star-shaped poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (6-s-PLGA) was synthesized by ring-opening polymerization. The structure and properties of the 6-s-PLGA were characterized by carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, and differential scanning calorimetry. Then, paclitaxel-loaded six-arm star-shaped poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (6-s-PLGA-PTX-NPs) were prepared under the conditions optimized by the orthogonal testing. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to analyze the nanoparticles’ encapsulation efficiency and drug-loading capacity, dynamic light scattering was used to determine their size and size distribution, and transmission electron microscopy was used to evaluate their morphology. The release performance of the 6-s-PLGA-PTX-NPs in vitro and the cytostatic effect of 6-s-PLGA-PTX-NPs were investigated in comparison with paclitaxel-loaded linear poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (L-PLGA-PTX-NPs). Results The results of carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy suggest that the polymerization was successfully initiated by inositol and confirm the structure of 6-s-PLGA. The molecular weights of a series of 6-s-PLGAs had a ratio corresponding to the molar ratio of raw materials to initiator. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed that the 6-s-PLGA had a low glass transition temperature of 40°C–50°C. The 6-s-PLGA-PTX-NPs were monodispersed with an average diameter of 240.4±6.9 nm in water, which was further confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. The encapsulation efficiency of the 6-s-PLGA-PTX-NPs was higher than that of the L-PLGA-PTX-NPs. In terms of the in vitro release of nanoparticles, paclitaxel (PTX) was released more slowly and more steadily from 6-s-PLGA than from linear poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid). In the cytostatic study, the 6-s-PLGA-PTX-NPs and L-PLGA-PTX-NPs were found to have a similar antiproliferative effect, which indicates durable efficacy due to the slower release of the PTX when loaded in 6-s-PLGA. Conclusion The results suggest that 6-s-PLGA may be promising for application in PTX delivery to enhance sustained antiproliferative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxia Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Center for Medical Device Evaluation of Tianjin, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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Nakayama Y. Hyperbranched polymeric "star vectors" for effective DNA or siRNA delivery. Acc Chem Res 2012; 45:994-1004. [PMID: 22353143 DOI: 10.1021/ar200220t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although gene therapy offers an attractive strategy for treating inherited disorders, current techniques using viral and nonviral delivery systems have not yielded many successful results in clinical trials. Viral vectors such as retroviruses, lentiviruses, and adenoviruses deliver genes efficiently; however, the possibility of negative outcomes from viral transformation cannot be completely ruled out. In contrast, various types of nonviral vectors are attracting considerable attention because they are easier to handle and induce weak immune responses. Cationic polymers, such as polyethylenimine (PEI) and poly(N,N-dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide) (PDMAPAAm), can generate nanoparticles through the formation of polyion complexes, "polyplexes" with DNA. These nonviral systems offer many advantages over viral systems. The primary obstacle to implementing these cationic polymers in an effective gene therapy remains their comparatively inefficient gene transfection in vivo. We describe four strategies for the development of hyperbranched star vectors (SVs) for enhancing DNA or siRNA delivery. The molecular design was performed by living radical polymerization in which the chain length can be controlled by photoirradiation and solution conditions, including concentrations of the monomer or iniferter (a molecule that serves as a combination of initiator, transfer agent, and terminator). The branch composition is controlled by the types of monomers that are added stepwise. In our first strategy, we prepared a series of only cationic PDMAPAAm-based SVs with no branches or 3, 4, or 6 branching numbers. These SVs could form polyion complexes (polyplexes) by mixing with DNA only in aqueous solution. The relative gene expression activity of the delivered DNA increased according to the degree of branching. In addition, increasing the molecular weight of SVs and narrowing their polydispersity index (PDI) improved their activity. For targeting DNA delivery to the specific cells, we modified the SV with ligands. Interestingly, the SV could adsorb the RGD peptide, making gene transfer possible in endothelial cells which are usually refractory to such treatments. The peptide was added to the polyplex solution without covalent derivatization to the SV. The introduction of additional branching by cross-linking using iniferter-induced coupling reactions further improved gene transfection activity. After block copolymerization of PDMAPAAm-based SVs with a nonionic monomer (DMAAm), the blocked SVs (BSVs) produced polyplexes with DNA that had excellent colloidal stability for 1 month, leading to efficient in vitro and in vivo gene delivery. Moreover, BSVs served as carriers for siRNA delivery. BSVs enhanced siRNA-mediated gene silencing in mouse liver and lung. As an alternative approach, we developed a novel gene transfection method in which the polyplexes were kept in contact with their deposition surface by thermoresponsive blocking of the SV. This strategy was more effective than reverse transfection and the conventional transfection methods in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhide Nakayama
- Division of Medical Engineering and Materials, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute
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Ahmed M, Narain R. The effect of polymer architecture, composition, and molecular weight on the properties of glycopolymer-based non-viral gene delivery systems. Biomaterials 2011; 32:5279-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/30/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ahmed M, Bhuchar N, Ishihara K, Narain R. Well-Controlled Cationic Water-Soluble Phospholipid Polymer−DNA Nanocomplexes for Gene Delivery. Bioconjug Chem 2011; 22:1228-38. [DOI: 10.1021/bc2001159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marya Ahmed
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Alberta Ingenuity Centre for Carbohydrate Science, University of Alberta, 116 Street and 85 Avenue, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G6, Canada
| | - Neha Bhuchar
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Alberta Ingenuity Centre for Carbohydrate Science, University of Alberta, 116 Street and 85 Avenue, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G6, Canada
| | - Kazuhiko Ishihara
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Ravin Narain
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Alberta Ingenuity Centre for Carbohydrate Science, University of Alberta, 116 Street and 85 Avenue, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G6, Canada
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Nakayama Y, Yamaoka S, Nemoto Y, Alexey B, Uchida K. Thermoresponsive Heparin Bioconjugate as Novel Aqueous Antithrombogenic Coating Material. Bioconjug Chem 2011; 22:193-9. [DOI: 10.1021/bc100267z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhide Nakayama
- Division of Medical Engineering and Materials, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute
- Biological Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering Course, Graduate School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University
| | - Saori Yamaoka
- Division of Medical Engineering and Materials, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Ryukoku University
| | - Yasushi Nemoto
- Chemical Products Divison, Development Department, Brigestone Corporation
| | - Borovkov Alexey
- Division of Medical Engineering and Materials, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute
- Biological Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering Course, Graduate School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University
| | - Kingo Uchida
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Ryukoku University
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Nemoto Y, Borovkov A, Zhou YM, Takewa Y, Tatsumi E, Nakayama Y. Impact of Molecular Weight in Four-Branched Star Vectors with Narrow Molecular Weight Distribution on Gene Delivery Efficiency. Bioconjug Chem 2009; 20:2293-9. [DOI: 10.1021/bc900283h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Nemoto
- Department of Bioengineering and Department of Artificial Organs, Advanced Medical Engineering Center, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Division of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, and Development Department, Chemical Products Development Department, Bridgestone Company
| | - Alexey Borovkov
- Department of Bioengineering and Department of Artificial Organs, Advanced Medical Engineering Center, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Division of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, and Development Department, Chemical Products Development Department, Bridgestone Company
| | - Yue-Min Zhou
- Department of Bioengineering and Department of Artificial Organs, Advanced Medical Engineering Center, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Division of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, and Development Department, Chemical Products Development Department, Bridgestone Company
| | - Yoshiaki Takewa
- Department of Bioengineering and Department of Artificial Organs, Advanced Medical Engineering Center, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Division of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, and Development Department, Chemical Products Development Department, Bridgestone Company
| | - Eisuke Tatsumi
- Department of Bioengineering and Department of Artificial Organs, Advanced Medical Engineering Center, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Division of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, and Development Department, Chemical Products Development Department, Bridgestone Company
| | - Yasuhide Nakayama
- Department of Bioengineering and Department of Artificial Organs, Advanced Medical Engineering Center, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Division of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, and Development Department, Chemical Products Development Department, Bridgestone Company
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Namgung R, Kim J, Singha K, Kim CH, Kim WJ. Synergistic Effect of Low Cytotoxic Linear Polyethylenimine and Multiarm Polyethylene Glycol: Study of Physicochemical Properties and In Vitro Gene Transfection. Mol Pharm 2009; 6:1826-35. [DOI: 10.1021/mp900096u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Namgung
- Department of Chemistry, BK21 Program, Polymer Research Institute, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Hyoja-dong, Pohang 790-784, Korea, and Lab of Tissue Engineering, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4, Gongneung-Dong, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 139-706, Korea
| | - Jihoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, BK21 Program, Polymer Research Institute, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Hyoja-dong, Pohang 790-784, Korea, and Lab of Tissue Engineering, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4, Gongneung-Dong, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 139-706, Korea
| | - Kaushik Singha
- Department of Chemistry, BK21 Program, Polymer Research Institute, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Hyoja-dong, Pohang 790-784, Korea, and Lab of Tissue Engineering, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4, Gongneung-Dong, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 139-706, Korea
| | - Chun Ho Kim
- Department of Chemistry, BK21 Program, Polymer Research Institute, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Hyoja-dong, Pohang 790-784, Korea, and Lab of Tissue Engineering, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4, Gongneung-Dong, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 139-706, Korea
| | - Won Jong Kim
- Department of Chemistry, BK21 Program, Polymer Research Institute, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Hyoja-dong, Pohang 790-784, Korea, and Lab of Tissue Engineering, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4, Gongneung-Dong, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 139-706, Korea
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Mori T, Ishikawa A, Nemoto Y, Kambe N, Sakamoto M, Nakayama Y. Development of a Novel Nonviral Gene Silencing System That Is Effective Both in Vitro and in Vivo by Using a Star-Shaped Block Copolymer (Star Vector). Bioconjug Chem 2009; 20:1262-9. [DOI: 10.1021/bc9001294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Mori
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Sinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan, Department of Bioengineering, Advanced Medical Engineering Center, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan, Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan, and Chemical Products Development Department, Bridgestone Company
| | - Ayaka Ishikawa
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Sinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan, Department of Bioengineering, Advanced Medical Engineering Center, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan, Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan, and Chemical Products Development Department, Bridgestone Company
| | - Yasushi Nemoto
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Sinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan, Department of Bioengineering, Advanced Medical Engineering Center, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan, Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan, and Chemical Products Development Department, Bridgestone Company
| | - Nobuaki Kambe
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Sinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan, Department of Bioengineering, Advanced Medical Engineering Center, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan, Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan, and Chemical Products Development Department, Bridgestone Company
| | - Michiie Sakamoto
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Sinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan, Department of Bioengineering, Advanced Medical Engineering Center, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan, Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan, and Chemical Products Development Department, Bridgestone Company
| | - Yasuhide Nakayama
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Sinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan, Department of Bioengineering, Advanced Medical Engineering Center, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan, Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan, and Chemical Products Development Department, Bridgestone Company
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Nemoto Y, Zhou YM, Tatsumi E, Nakayama Y. Photoinduced Cross-Linking of Star Vector for Improvement of Gene Transfer Efficiency. Bioconjug Chem 2008; 19:2513-9. [DOI: 10.1021/bc800003t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Nemoto
- Department of Bioengineering and Department of Artificial Organs, Advanced Medical Engineering Center, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, Japan, Development Department, Chemical Products Division, Bridgestone Corporation, 1 Kashiocho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan, and Division of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13−W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yue-Min Zhou
- Department of Bioengineering and Department of Artificial Organs, Advanced Medical Engineering Center, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, Japan, Development Department, Chemical Products Division, Bridgestone Corporation, 1 Kashiocho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan, and Division of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13−W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Eisuke Tatsumi
- Department of Bioengineering and Department of Artificial Organs, Advanced Medical Engineering Center, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, Japan, Development Department, Chemical Products Division, Bridgestone Corporation, 1 Kashiocho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan, and Division of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13−W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Nakayama
- Department of Bioengineering and Department of Artificial Organs, Advanced Medical Engineering Center, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, Japan, Development Department, Chemical Products Division, Bridgestone Corporation, 1 Kashiocho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan, and Division of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13−W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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Nakayama Y, Ishikawa A, Sato R, Uchida K, Kambe N. Photodimerization and Polymerization of PEG Derivatives through Radical Coupling using Photochemistry of Dithiocarbamate. Polym J 2008. [DOI: 10.1295/polymj.pj2008132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Optimal irradiation wavelength in iniferter-based photocontrolled radical polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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