1
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DuBois EM, Adewumi HO, O'Connor PR, Labovitz JE, O'Shea TM. Trehalose-Guanosine Glycopolymer Hydrogels Direct Adaptive Glia Responses in CNS Injury. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2211774. [PMID: 37097729 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Neural tissue damaged after central nervous system (CNS) injury does not naturally regenerate but is instead replaced by non-neural fibrotic scar tissue that serves no neurological function. Scar-free repair to create a more permissive environment for regeneration requires altering the natural injury responses of glial cells. In this work, glycopolymer-based supramolecular hydrogels are synthesized to direct adaptive glia repair after CNS injury. Combining poly(trehalose-co-guanosine) (pTreGuo) glycopolymers with free guanosine (fGuo) generates shear-thinning hydrogels through stabilized formation of long-range G-quadruplex secondary structures. Hydrogels with smooth or granular microstructures and mechanical properties spanning three orders of magnitude are produced through facile control of pTreGuo hydrogel composition. Injection of pTreGuo hydrogels into healthy mouse brains elicits minimal stromal cell infiltration and peripherally derived inflammation that is comparable to a bioinert methyl cellulose benchmarking material. pTreGuo hydrogels alter astrocyte borders and recruit microglia to infiltrate and resorb the hydrogel bulk over 7 d. Injections of pTreGuo hydrogels into ischemic stroke alter the natural responses of glial cells after injury to reduce the size of lesions and increase axon regrowth into lesion core environments. These results support the use of pTreGuo hydrogels as part of neural regeneration strategies to activate endogenous glia repair mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric M DuBois
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215-2407, USA
| | - Honour O Adewumi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215-2407, USA
| | - Payton R O'Connor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215-2407, USA
| | - Jacob E Labovitz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215-2407, USA
| | - Timothy M O'Shea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215-2407, USA
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2
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Floyd TG, Song JI, Hapeshi A, Laroque S, Hartlieb M, Perrier S. Bottlebrush copolymers for gene delivery: influence of architecture, charge density, and backbone length on transfection efficiency. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:3696-3704. [PMID: 35441653 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00490a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The influence of polymer architecture of polycations on their ability to transfect mammalian cells is probed. Polymer bottle brushes with grafts made from partially hydrolysed poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) are used while varying the length of the polymer backbone as well as the degree of hydrolysis (cationic charge content). Polyplex formation is investigated via gel electrophoresis, dye-displacement and dynamic light scattering. Bottle brushes show a superior ability to complex pDNA when compared to linear copolymers. Also, nucleic acid release was found to be improved by a graft architecture. Polyplexes based on bottle brush copolymers showed an elongated shape in transmission electron microscopy images. The cytotoxicity against mammalian cells is drastically reduced when a graft architecture is used instead of linear copolymers. Moreover, the best-performing bottle brush copolymer showed a transfection ability comparable with that of linear poly(ethylenimine), the gold standard of polymeric transfection agents, which is used as positive control. In combination with their markedly lowered cytotoxicity, cationic bottle brush copolymers are therefore shown to be a highly promising class of gene delivery vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G Floyd
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Ji-Inn Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Alexia Hapeshi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Sophie Laroque
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Matthias Hartlieb
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research (IAP), Geiselbergstraße 69, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Sébastien Perrier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
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3
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Müllner M. Molecular polymer bottlebrushes in nanomedicine: therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:5683-5716. [PMID: 35445672 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01601j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Molecular polymer bottlebrushes are densely grafted, individual macromolecules with nanoscale proportions. The last decade has seen an increased focus on this material class, especially in nanomedicine and for biomedical applications. This Feature Article provides an overview of major developments in this area to highlight the many opportunities that these polymer architectures bring to nano-bio research. The article covers aspects of bottlebrush synthesis and summarises their use in drug and gene delivery, imaging, as theranostics and as prototype materials to correlate nanoparticle structure and composition to biological function and behaviour. Areas for future research in this area are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Müllner
- Key Centre for Polymers and Colloids, School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. .,The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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4
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Stawski D, Rolińska K, Zielińska D, Sahariah P, Hjálmarsdóttir MÁ, Másson M. Antibacterial properties of poly ( N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) obtained at different initiator concentrations in solution polymerization. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 9:211367. [PMID: 35242345 PMCID: PMC8753137 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.211367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The samples of poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) were synthesized by radical polymerization. The amount of monomer and solvent was constant as opposed to an amount of initiator which was changing. No clear relationship between polymerization conditions and the molecular weight of the polymer was found, probably due to the branched configuration of produced polymer. Bactericidal interactions in all samples against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria have been demonstrated. However, the observed effect has various intensities, depending on the type of bacteria and the type of sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Stawski
- Institute of Material Technologies of Textiles and Polymer Composites, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Karolina Rolińska
- Institute of Material Technologies of Textiles and Polymer Composites, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Dorota Zielińska
- Institute of Material Technologies of Textiles and Polymer Composites, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
- R&D Project Department, Institute of Security Technologies ‘MORATEX’, Lodz, Poland
| | - Priyanka Sahariah
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Martha Á. Hjálmarsdóttir
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Iceland, Stapi, Hringbraut 31,101 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Már Másson
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
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5
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Floyd TG, Häkkinen S, Hall SCL, Dalgliesh RM, Lehnen AC, Hartlieb M, Perrier S. Cationic Bottlebrush Copolymers from Partially Hydrolyzed Poly(oxazoline)s. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G. Floyd
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Satu Häkkinen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Stephen C. L. Hall
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - Robert M. Dalgliesh
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - Anne-Catherine Lehnen
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, Potsdam 14476, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research (IAP), Geiselbergstr. 69, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Matthias Hartlieb
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, Potsdam 14476, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research (IAP), Geiselbergstr. 69, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sébastien Perrier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
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6
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Kumar R, Santa Chalarca CF, Bockman MR, Bruggen CV, Grimme CJ, Dalal RJ, Hanson MG, Hexum JK, Reineke TM. Polymeric Delivery of Therapeutic Nucleic Acids. Chem Rev 2021; 121:11527-11652. [PMID: 33939409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The advent of genome editing has transformed the therapeutic landscape for several debilitating diseases, and the clinical outlook for gene therapeutics has never been more promising. The therapeutic potential of nucleic acids has been limited by a reliance on engineered viral vectors for delivery. Chemically defined polymers can remediate technological, regulatory, and clinical challenges associated with viral modes of gene delivery. Because of their scalability, versatility, and exquisite tunability, polymers are ideal biomaterial platforms for delivering nucleic acid payloads efficiently while minimizing immune response and cellular toxicity. While polymeric gene delivery has progressed significantly in the past four decades, clinical translation of polymeric vehicles faces several formidable challenges. The aim of our Account is to illustrate diverse concepts in designing polymeric vectors towards meeting therapeutic goals of in vivo and ex vivo gene therapy. Here, we highlight several classes of polymers employed in gene delivery and summarize the recent work on understanding the contributions of chemical and architectural design parameters. We touch upon characterization methods used to visualize and understand events transpiring at the interfaces between polymer, nucleic acids, and the physiological environment. We conclude that interdisciplinary approaches and methodologies motivated by fundamental questions are key to designing high-performing polymeric vehicles for gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | | | - Matthew R Bockman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Craig Van Bruggen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Christian J Grimme
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Rishad J Dalal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Mckenna G Hanson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Joseph K Hexum
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Theresa M Reineke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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7
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Gegenhuber T, Müllner M. Molecular Polymer Brushes Made via Ring‐Opening Metathesis Polymerization from Cleavable RAFT Macromonomers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Gegenhuber
- Key Centre for Polymers and Colloids School of Chemistry The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Markus Müllner
- Key Centre for Polymers and Colloids School of Chemistry The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano) Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
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8
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Vakilian H, Andres Rojas E, Habibi Rezaei L, Behmanesh M. Fabrication and Optimization of Linear PEI-Modified Crystal Nanocellulose as an Efficient Non-Viral Vector for In-Vitro Gene Delivery. Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 9:297-308. [PMID: 33649723 PMCID: PMC7816776 DOI: 10.29252/rbmb.9.3.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the major challenges in gene therapy is producing gene carriers that possess high transfection efficiency and low cytotoxicity (1). To achieve this purpose, crystal nanocellulose (CNC) -based nanoparticles grafted with polyethylenimine (PEI) have been developed as an alternative to traditional viral vectors to eliminate potential toxicity and immunogenicity. METHODS In this study, CNC-PEI10kDa (CNCP) nanoparticles were synthetized and their transfection efficiency was evaluated and compared with linear cationic PEI10kDa (PEI) polymer in HEK293T (HEK) cells. Synthetized nanoparticles were characterized with AFM, FTIR, DLS, and gel retardation assays. In-vitro gene delivery efficiency by nano-complexes and their effects on cell viability were determined with fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry. RESULTS Prepared CNC was oxidized with sodium periodate and its surface cationized with linear PEI. The new CNCP nano-complex showed different transfection efficiencies at different nanoparticle/plasmid ratios, which were greater than those of PEI polymer. CNPC and Lipofectamine were similar in their transfection efficiencies and effect on cell viability after transfection. CONCLUSION CNCP nanoparticles are appropriate candidates for gene delivery. This result highlights CNC as an attractive biomaterial and demonstrates how its different cationized forms may be applied in designing gene delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haghighat Vakilian
- Nano biotechnology Department, Faculty of Bioscience, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Eduardo Andres Rojas
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| | - Lida Habibi Rezaei
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Behmanesh
- Nano biotechnology Department, Faculty of Bioscience, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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9
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Wang Y, Wagner E. Non-Viral Targeted Nucleic Acid Delivery: Apply Sequences for Optimization. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E888. [PMID: 32961908 PMCID: PMC7559072 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12090888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In nature, genomes have been optimized by the evolution of their nucleic acid sequences. The design of peptide-like carriers as synthetic sequences provides a strategy for optimizing multifunctional targeted nucleic acid delivery in an iterative process. The optimization of sequence-defined nanocarriers differs for different nucleic acid cargos as well as their specific applications. Supramolecular self-assembly enriched the development of a virus-inspired non-viral nucleic acid delivery system. Incorporation of DNA barcodes presents a complementary approach of applying sequences for nanocarrier optimization. This strategy may greatly help to identify nucleic acid carriers that can overcome pharmacological barriers and facilitate targeted delivery in vivo. Barcode sequences enable simultaneous evaluation of multiple nucleic acid nanocarriers in a single test organism for in vivo biodistribution as well as in vivo bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-based Drug Research, Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, D-81377 Munich, Germany;
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10
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Vivek Mishra, Rajesh Kumar. Cyclic Polymer of N-Vinylpyrrolidone via ATRP Protocol: Kinetic Study and Concentration Effect of Polymer on Click Chemistry in Solution. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090419060095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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Synthesis of Fe3O4@SiO2-PHEMA via redox of H2O2 and Fe2+ for efficient removal of Cu2+ from aqueous solution. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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12
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Kargaard A, Sluijter JPG, Klumperman B. Polymeric siRNA gene delivery - transfection efficiency versus cytotoxicity. J Control Release 2019; 316:263-291. [PMID: 31689462 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Within the field of gene therapy, there is a considerable need for the development of non-viral vectors that are able to compete with the efficiency obtained by viral vectors, while maintaining a good toxicity profile and not inducing an immune response within the body. While there have been many reports of possible polymeric delivery systems, few of these systems have been successful in the clinical setting due to toxicity, systemic instability or gene regulation inefficiency, predominantly due to poor endosomal escape and cytoplasmic release. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of previously published polymeric non-coding RNA and, to a lesser degree, oligo-DNA delivery systems with emphasis on their positive and negative attributes, in order to provide insight in the numerous hurdles that still limit the success of gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kargaard
- Stellenbosch University, Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa; University Medical Center Utrecht, Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Joost P G Sluijter
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Bert Klumperman
- Stellenbosch University, Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa.
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13
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Tian Q, Han P, Li B, Feng Y. Thermo‐ and CO
2
‐triggered swelling polymer microgels for reducing water‐cut during CO
2
flooding. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qirui Tian
- Polymer Research InstituteState Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 People's Republic of China
- Chengdu Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610065 People's Republic of China
| | - Peihui Han
- EOR Laboratory, Exploration & Development Research InstituteDaqing Oilfield Limited Company, PetroChina Daqing 163712 People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Li
- EOR Laboratory, Exploration & Development Research InstituteDaqing Oilfield Limited Company, PetroChina Daqing 163712 People's Republic of China
| | - Yujun Feng
- Polymer Research InstituteState Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 People's Republic of China
- Chengdu Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610065 People's Republic of China
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14
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Tiwari S, Patil R, Dubey SK, Bahadur P. Derivatization approaches and applications of pullulan. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 269:296-308. [PMID: 31128461 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pullulan (PUL), a linear exo-polysaccharide, is useful in industries as diverse as food, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. PUL presents many favorable characteristics, such as renewable origin, biocompatibility, stability, hydrophilic nature, and availability of reactive sites for chemical modification. With an inherent affinity to asialoglycoprotein receptors, PUL can be used for targeted drug delivery to the liver. Besides, these primary properties have been combined with modern synthetic approaches for developing multifunctional biomaterials. This is evident from numerous studies on approaches, such as hydrophobic modification, cross-linking, grafting and transformation as a polyelectrolyte. In this review, we have discussed up-to-date advances on chemical modifications and emerging applications of PUL in targeted theranostics and tissue engineering. Besides, we offer an overview of its applications in food, cosmetics and environment remediation.
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15
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Molina-Pinilla I, Hakkou K, Romero-Azogil L, Benito E, García-Martín MG, Bueno-Martínez M. Synthesis of degradable linear cationic poly(amide triazole)s with DNA-condensation capability. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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16
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17
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Chen H, You S, Cai Q, Zheng Y, Zhang L, Shen J, Yin M. Design and synthesis of a fluorescent amino poly(glycidyl methacrylate) for efficient gene delivery. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:1875-1881. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb02968g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A fluorescent amino poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGOHMA) was synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and post-polymerization. PGOHMA has low cytotoxicity and high DNA delivery efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- BAIC-SM
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
| | - Shusen You
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- BAIC-SM
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
| | - Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- BAIC-SM
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
| | - Yang Zheng
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University
- 100193 Beijing
- China
| | - Liqun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- BAIC-SM
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University
- 100193 Beijing
- China
| | - Meizhen Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- BAIC-SM
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
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18
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Pertici V, Pin-Barre C, Rivera C, Pellegrino C, Laurin J, Gigmes D, Trimaille T. Degradable and Injectable Hydrogel for Drug Delivery in Soft Tissues. Biomacromolecules 2018; 20:149-163. [PMID: 30376309 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Injectable hydrogels are promising platforms for tissue engineering and local drug delivery as they allow minimal invasiveness. We have here developed an injectable and biodegradable hydrogel based on an amphiphilic PNIPAAm- b-PLA- b-PEG- b-PLA- b-PNIPAAm pentablock copolymer synthesized by ring-opening polymerization/nitroxide-mediated polymerization (ROP/NMP) combination. The hydrogel formation at around 30 °C was demonstrated to be mediated by intermicellar bridging through the PEG central block. Such a result was particularly highlighted by the inability of a PEG- b-PLA- b-PNIPAAm triblock analog of the same composition to gelify. The hydrogels degraded through hydrolysis of the PLA esters until complete mass loss due to the diffusion of the recovered PEG and PNIPAAm/micelle based residues in the solution. Interestingly, hydrophobic molecules such as riluzole (neuroprotective drug) or cyanine 5.5 (imaging probe) could be easily loaded in the hydrogels' micelle cores by mixing them with the copolymer solution at room temperature. Drug release was correlated to polymer mass loss. The hydrogel was shown to be cytocompatible (neuronal cells, in vitro) and injectable through a small-gauge needle (in vivo in rats). Thus, this hydrogel platform displays highly attractive features for use in brain/soft tissue engineering as well as in drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Pertici
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, ICR , F-13397 Marseille , France
| | | | - Claudio Rivera
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, INMED , F-13397 Marseille , France
| | | | - Jérôme Laurin
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, ISM , F-13397 Marseille , France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, ICR , F-13397 Marseille , France
| | - Thomas Trimaille
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, ICR , F-13397 Marseille , France
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19
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Ordanini S, Cellesi F. Complex Polymeric Architectures Self-Assembling in Unimolecular Micelles: Preparation, Characterization and Drug Nanoencapsulation. Pharmaceutics 2018; 10:E209. [PMID: 30388744 PMCID: PMC6321574 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10040209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Unimolecular polymeric micelles are a class of single-molecule amphiphilic core-shell polymeric architectures, where the hydrophobic core is well stabilized by the hydrophilic shell, avoiding intermolecular core-core interactions. Multi-arm copolymers with a dendritic core, as well as hyperbranched and comb-like polymers, can form unimolecular micelles easily. In this review, examples of polymers able to form detectable unimolecular micelles will be presented, summarizing the analytical techniques used to characterize the unimolecular micelles and discriminate them from other supramolecular aggregates, such as multi-micelle aggregates. Unimolecular micelles are suitable for the nanoencapsulation of guest molecules. Compared to traditional supramolecular micelles, unimolecular micelles do not disassemble under dilution and are stable to environmental modifications. Recent examples of their application as drug delivery systems, endowed with increased stability and transport properties, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Ordanini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy.
| | - Francesco Cellesi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy.
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Olden BR, Cheng Y, Yu JL, Pun SH. Cationic polymers for non-viral gene delivery to human T cells. J Control Release 2018; 282:140-147. [PMID: 29518467 PMCID: PMC6008197 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The clinical success of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell immunotherapy in treating multiple blood cancers has created a need for efficient methods of ex vivo gene delivery to primary human T cells for cell engineering. Here, we synthesize and evaluate a panel of cationic polymers for gene delivery to both cultured and primary human T cells. We show that a subset of comb- and sunflower-shaped pHEMA-g-pDMAEMA polymers can mediate transfection with efficiencies up to 50% in the Jurkat human T cell line with minimal concomitant toxicity (>90% viability). We then optimize primary human T cell transfection conditions including activation time, cell density, DNA dose, culture media, and cytokine treatment. We demonstrate transfection of both CD4+ and CD8+ primary human T cells with messenger RNA and plasmid DNA at efficiencies up to 25 and 18%, respectively, with similarly high viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brynn R Olden
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Yilong Cheng
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jonathan L Yu
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Suzie H Pun
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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21
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Ros S, Kleinberger RM, Burke NAD, Rossi NAA, Stöver HDH. Charge-Shifting Polycations with Tunable Rates of Hydrolysis: Effect of Backbone Substituents on Poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl acrylates]. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Ros
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Rachelle M. Kleinberger
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Nicholas A. D. Burke
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada
| | | | - Harald D. H. Stöver
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada
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22
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Li Y, Zhang YY, Hu LF, Zhang XH, Du BY, Xu JT. Carbon dioxide-based copolymers with various architectures. Prog Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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23
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Fliervoet LAL, Engbersen JFJ, Schiffelers RM, Hennink WE, Vermonden T. Polymers and hydrogels for local nucleic acid delivery. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:5651-5670. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb01795f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review focusses on the rational design of materials (from polymers to hydrogel materials) to achieve successful local delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lies A. L. Fliervoet
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Utrecht University
- 3508 TB Utrecht
- The Netherlands
| | - Johan F. J. Engbersen
- Department of Controlled Drug Delivery
- MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- University of Twente
- Enschede
| | - Raymond M. Schiffelers
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology
- University Medical Center Utrecht
- 3584 CX Utrecht
- The Netherlands
| | - Wim E. Hennink
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Utrecht University
- 3508 TB Utrecht
- The Netherlands
| | - Tina Vermonden
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Utrecht University
- 3508 TB Utrecht
- The Netherlands
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24
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Ly H, Poupart R, Carbonnier B, Monchiet V, Le Droumaguet B, Grande D. Versatile functionalization platform of biporous poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-based materials: Application in heterogeneous supported catalysis. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2017.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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25
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Sun Y, Yang Z, Wang C, Yang T, Cai C, Zhao X, Yang L, Ding P. Exploring the role of peptides in polymer-based gene delivery. Acta Biomater 2017; 60:23-37. [PMID: 28778533 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Polymers are widely studied as non-viral gene vectors because of their strong DNA binding ability, capacity to carry large payload, flexibility of chemical modifications, low immunogenicity, and facile processes for manufacturing. However, high cytotoxicity and low transfection efficiency substantially restrict their application in clinical trials. Incorporating functional peptides is a promising approach to address these issues. Peptides demonstrate various functions in polymer-based gene delivery systems, such as targeting to specific cells, breaching membrane barriers, facilitating DNA condensation and release, and lowering cytotoxicity. In this review, we systematically summarize the role of peptides in polymer-based gene delivery, and elaborate how to rationally design polymer-peptide based gene delivery vectors. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Polymers are widely studied as non-viral gene vectors, but suffer from high cytotoxicity and low transfection efficiency. Incorporating short, bioactive peptides into polymer-based gene delivery systems can address this issue. Peptides demonstrate various functions in polymer-based gene delivery systems, such as targeting to specific cells, breaching membrane barriers, facilitating DNA condensation and release, and lowering cytotoxicity. In this review, we highlight the peptides' roles in polymer-based gene delivery, and elaborate how to utilize various functional peptides to enhance the transfection efficiency of polymers. The optimized peptide-polymer vectors should be able to alter their structures and functions according to biological microenvironments and utilize inherent intracellular pathways of cells, and consequently overcome the barriers during gene delivery to enhance transfection efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Chunxi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Tianzhi Yang
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Husson University, Bangor, ME, USA
| | - Cuifang Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhao
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Pingtian Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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26
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Jiang L, Li HY, Chen DY. Superparticles Formed by Amphiphilic Tadpole-like Single Chain Polymeric Nanoparticles and Their Application as an Ultrasonic Responsive Drug Carrier. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/30/cjcp1611218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Bäumer
- Deparment of Medicine A, Hematology and
Oncology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, Muenster, DE 48149, Germany
| | - Wolfgang E. Berdel
- Deparment of Medicine A, Hematology and
Oncology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, Muenster, DE 48149, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bäumer
- Deparment of Medicine A, Hematology and
Oncology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, Muenster, DE 48149, Germany
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28
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Zheng X, Pang X, Yang P, Wan X, Wei Y, Guo Q, Zhang Q, Jiang X. A hybrid siRNA delivery complex for enhanced brain penetration and precise amyloid plaque targeting in Alzheimer's disease mice. Acta Biomater 2017; 49:388-401. [PMID: 27845275 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
To realize the therapeutic potential of gene drugs for Alzheimer's disease (AD), non-invasive, tissue-specific and efficient delivery technologies must be developed. Here, a hybrid system for amyloid plaques targeted siRNA delivery was formed by PEGylated Poly(2-(N,N-dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEG-PDMAEMA) conjugated with two d-peptides, a CGN for brain penetration and a QSH for β-amyloid binding. The hybrid complex CQ/siRNA, composed of 25% MPEG-PDMAEMA, 50% CGN-PEG-PDMAEMA and 25% QSH-PEG-PDMAEMA, showed negligible cytotoxicity and could protect siRNA from enzyme degradation. Being taken up by neuron cells, the complexes could escape from lysosomes, release siRNA in the cytoplasm and thus producing effective gene silence (down-regulated protein level to 18.5%). After intravenous injection, CQ/siRNA penetrated into the brain in an intact form and located around the plaques in transgenic AD mice. The precisely amyloid plaques delivery resulted in increased therapeutic activities, which was demonstrated by the strong mRNA (36.4%) knockdown of BACE1 (a therapeutic target of AD), the less yield of enzyme-digested products sAPPβ (-42.6%), as well as the better neurons protection than the single component complexes. In conclusion, the hybrid complex could efficiently and precisely deliver an siRNA to the AD lesion and might be a potential candidate for gene therapy for AD. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The gene delivery system achieving high brain penetration and lesion region accumulation was first applied to treat AD, and the preparation exhibited a significantly better neuroprotective effect than that modified with a single ligand. The intracellular process of which the complexes escape from lysosomes and release the siRNA in cytoplasm was revealed. The brain targeting and amyloid plaque binding ability of the complex were systemic evaluated, and the in vivo co-location experiments provided a direct evidence of the precise delivery of the siRNA to the amyloid plaques. One of the targeting ligands, CGN, which was a retro-inverso modified peptide to achieve better affinity to the BBB, was first applied to the brain targeting system.
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29
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Radzevicius P, Steponaviciute M, Krivorotova T, Makuska R. Double thermoresponsive pentablock copolymers: synthesis by one-pot RAFT polymerization and self-assembly in aqueous solutions. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01546a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pentablock copolymers synthesized by one-pot successive RAFT polymerization are double thermoresponsive and exhibit block sequence dependent aggregation in aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ricardas Makuska
- Department of Polymer Chemistry
- Vilnius University
- LT-03225 Vilnius
- Lithuania
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30
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Xu CT, Chen G, Nie X, Wang LH, Ding SG, You YZ. Low generation PAMAM-based nanomicelles as ROS-responsive gene vectors with enhanced transfection efficacy and reduced cytotoxicity in vitro. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj04129a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
ROS-responsive cationic nanomicelles formed from amphiphilic PPS–SS–PAMAMG2.0 conjugates exhibit high transfection efficacy and low cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Tao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Guang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Xuan Nie
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Long-Hai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Sheng-Gang Ding
- Department of Pediatrics
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University
- Hefei
- China
| | - Ye-Zi You
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
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31
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Gan W, Shi Y, Jing B, Cao X, Zhu Y, Gao H. Produce Molecular Brushes with Ultrahigh Grafting Density Using Accelerated CuAAC Grafting-Onto Strategy. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Gan
- Department
of Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre
Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Yi Shi
- Department
of Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre
Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Benxin Jing
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Xiaosong Cao
- Department
of Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre
Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Yingxi Zhu
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Haifeng Gao
- Department
of Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre
Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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32
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Munsell EV, Ross NL, Sullivan MO. Journey to the Center of the Cell: Current Nanocarrier Design Strategies Targeting Biopharmaceuticals to the Cytoplasm and Nucleus. Curr Pharm Des 2016; 22:1227-44. [PMID: 26675220 DOI: 10.2174/1381612822666151216151420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
New biopharmaceutical molecules, potentially able to provide more personalized and effective treatments, are being identified through the advent of advanced synthetic biology strategies, sophisticated chemical synthesis approaches, and new analytical methods to assess biological potency. However, translation of many of these structures has been significantly limited due to the need for more efficient strategies to deliver macromolecular therapeutics to desirable intracellular sites of action. Engineered nanocarriers that encapsulate peptides, proteins, or nucleic acids are generally internalized into target cells via one of several endocytic pathways. These nanostructures, entrapped within endosomes, must navigate the intracellular milieu to orchestrate delivery to the intended destination, typically the cytoplasm or nucleus. For therapeutics active in the cytoplasm, endosomal escape continues to represent a limiting step to effective treatment, since a majority of nanocarriers trapped within endosomes are ultimately marked for enzymatic degradation in lysosomes. Therapeutics active in the nucleus have the added challenges of reaching and penetrating the nuclear envelope, and nuclear delivery remains a preeminent challenge preventing clinical translation of gene therapy applications. Herein, we review cutting-edge peptide- and polymer-based design strategies with the potential to enable significant improvements in biopharmaceutical efficacy through improved intracellular targeting. These strategies often mimic the activities of pathogens, which have developed innate and highly effective mechanisms to penetrate plasma membranes and enter the nucleus of host cells. Understanding these mechanisms has enabled advances in synthetic peptide and polymer design that may ultimately improve intracellular trafficking and bioavailability, leading to increased access to new classes of biotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Millicent O Sullivan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, DE 19716, Delaware.
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33
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Lin W, Yao N, Li H, Hanson S, Han W, Wang C, Zhang L. Co-Delivery of Imiquimod and Plasmid DNA via an Amphiphilic pH-Responsive Star Polymer that Forms Unimolecular Micelles in Water. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:E397. [PMID: 30974677 PMCID: PMC6431966 DOI: 10.3390/polym8110397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Dual functional unimolecular micelles based on a pH-responsive amphiphilic star polymer β-CD-(PLA-b-PDMAEMA-b-PEtOxMA)21 have been developed for the co-delivery of imiquimod and plasmid DNA to dendritic cells. The star polymer with well-defined triblock arms was synthesized by combining activator regenerated by electron-transfer atom-transfer radical polymerization with ring-opening polymerization. Dissipative particle dynamics simulation showed that core-mesophere-shell-type unimolecular micelles could be formed. Imiquimod-loaded micelles had a drug loading of 1.6 wt % and a larger average size (28 nm) than blank micelles (19 nm). The release of imiquimod in vitro was accelerated at the mildly acidic endolysosomal pH (5.0) in comparison to physiologic pH (7.4). Compared with blank micelles, a higher N:P ratio was required for imiquimod-loaded micelles to fully condense DNA into micelleplexes averaging 200⁻400 nm in size. In comparison to blank micelleplexes, imiquimod-loaded micelleplexes of the same N:P ratio displayed similar or slightly higher efficiency of gene transfection in a mouse dendritic cell line (DC2.4) without cytotoxicity. These results suggest that such pH-responsive unimolecular micelles formed by the well-defined amphiphilic star polymer may serve as promising nano-scale carriers for combined delivery of hydrophobic immunostimulatory drugs (such as imiquimod) and plasmid DNA with potential application in gene-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Na Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Hongru Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Samuel Hanson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Wenqing Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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34
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Appadoo V, Carter MCD, Lynn DM. Controlling the surface-mediated release of DNA using 'mixed multilayers'. Bioeng Transl Med 2016; 1:181-192. [PMID: 27981243 PMCID: PMC5125402 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the design of erodible 'mixed multilayer' coatings fabricated using plasmid DNA and combinations of both hydrolytically degradable and charge-shifting cationic polymer building blocks. Films fabricated layer-by-layer using combinations of a model poly(β-amino ester) (polymer 1) and a model charge-shifting polymer (polymer 2) exhibited DNA release profiles that were substantially different than those assembled using DNA and either polymer 1 or polymer 2 alone. In addition, the order in which layers of these two cationic polymers were deposited during assembly had a profound impact on DNA release profiles when these materials were incubated in physiological buffer. Mixed multilayers ∼225 nm thick fabricated by depositing layers of polymer 1/DNA onto films composed of polymer 2/DNA released DNA into solution over ∼60 days, with multi-phase release profiles intermediate to and exhibiting some general features of polymer 1/DNA or polymer 2/DNA films (e.g., a period of rapid release, followed by a more extended phase). In sharp contrast, 'inverted' mixed multilayers fabricated by depositing layers of polymer 2/DNA onto films composed of polymer 1/DNA exhibited release profiles that were almost completely linear over ∼60-80 days. These and other results are consistent with substantial interdiffusion and commingling (or mixing) among the individual components of these compound materials. Our results reveal this mixing to lead to new, unanticipated, and useful release profiles and provide guidance for the design of polymer-based coatings for the local, surface-mediated delivery of DNA from the surfaces of topologically complex interventional devices, such as intravascular stents, with predictable long-term release profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Visham Appadoo
- Dept. of Chemistry, 1101 University Avenue University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI 53706
| | - Matthew C D Carter
- Dept. of Chemistry, 1101 University Avenue University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI 53706
| | - David M Lynn
- Dept. of Chemistry, 1101 University Avenue University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI 53706; Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 1415 Engineering Drive University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI 53706
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35
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36
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Cheng Y, Wei H, Tan JKY, Peeler DJ, Maris DO, Sellers DL, Horner PJ, Pun SH. Nano-Sized Sunflower Polycations As Effective Gene Transfer Vehicles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:2750-8. [PMID: 27061622 PMCID: PMC5052141 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201502930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The architecture of polycations plays an important role in both gene transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity. In this work, a new polymer, sunflower poly(2-dimethyl amino)ethyl methacrylate) (pDMAEMA), is prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization and employed as nucleic acid carriers compared to linear pDMAEMA homopolymer and comb pDMAEMA. The sunflower pDMAEMAs show higher IC50 , greater buffering capacity, and stronger binding capacity toward plasmid DNA than their linear and comb counterparts. In vitro transfection studies demonstrate that sunflower pDMAEMAs exhibit high transfection efficiency as well as relatively low cytotoxicity in complete growth medium. In vivo gene delivery by intraventricular injection to the brain shows that sunflower polymer delivers plasmid DNA more effectively than comb polymer. This study provides a new insight into the relationship between polymeric architecture and gene delivery capability, and as well as a useful means to design potent vectors for successful gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Cheng
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States (USA)
| | - Hua Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - James-Kevin Y. Tan
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States (USA)
| | - David J. Peeler
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States (USA)
| | - Don O. Maris
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195, (USA)
| | - Drew L. Sellers
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States (USA)
| | - Philip J. Horner
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195, (USA)
| | - Suzie H. Pun
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States (USA)
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37
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Sun J, Luo T, Sheng R, Li H, Wang Z, Cao A. Intracellular plasmid DNA delivery by self-assembled nanoparticles of amphiphilic PHML-b-PLLA-b-PHML copolymers and the endocytosis pathway analysis. J Biomater Appl 2016; 31:606-621. [PMID: 27059498 DOI: 10.1177/0885328216642665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This work presents a new series of polycationic nanoparticles of (l-)-lysine conjugated amphiphilic triblock copolymer poly(hydroxyletheyl methacrylate-L-lysine)-b-poly(L-lactide)-b-poly(hydroxyletheyl methacrylate-L-lysine)s (PHML-b-PLLA-b-PHML) as potent low cytotoxic vectors for intracellular plasmid DNA delivery. First, the triblock PHML-b-PLLA-b-PHML copolymers were prepared via a combination of metal-free controlled ring opening polymerization and successive atom transfer radical polymerization. Then the cationic PHML-b-PLLA-b-PHML nanoparticles were further prepared by solution self-assembly. The particle size, zeta potential and morphology of as-prepared PHML-b-PLLA-b-PHML nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering and atomic force microscopy, respectively. The plasmid DNA binding affinities and polyplex stabilities were separately explored by agarose gel retardation and DNase I degradation assays. Then in vitro cytotoxicity and gene transfection efficiency of the PHML-b-PLLA-b-PHML nanoparticles vectors as well as relevant polyplex endocytosis pathway were investigated with H1299 cells. It was revealed that the PHML-b-PLLA-b-PHML nanoparticles exhibited low cytotoxicity, strong plasmid DNA binding affinity, high polyplex stability and efficient plasmid DNA transfection even under serum conditions (10% FBS). Moreover, the endocytosis analysis results disclosed that the PHML30-b-PLLA-b-PHML30 nanoparticle/plasmid DNA polyplexes were predominantly involved in lipid-raft-mediated endocytosis pathway, similar to that of SV40 virus-based vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Sun
- Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Luo
- Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruilong Sheng
- Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Quebéc, Canada
| | - Hui Li
- Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Amin Cao
- Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Wang G, Dong J, Yuan T, Zhang J, Wang L, Wang H. Visible Light and pH Responsive Polymer-Coated Mesoporous Silica Nanohybrids for Controlled Release. Macromol Biosci 2016; 16:990-4. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guojie Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Science and Technology Beijing; Beijing 100083 China
| | - Jie Dong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Science and Technology Beijing; Beijing 100083 China
| | - Tingting Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Science and Technology Beijing; Beijing 100083 China
| | - Juchen Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Lei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Hao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology; Beijing 100190 China
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39
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Malins EL, Waterson C, Becer CR. Utilising alternative modifications of α-olefin end groups to synthesise amphiphilic block copolymers. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15346a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphiphilic block copolymers comprised of polyisobutylene (PIB) and poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (DMAEMA) have been synthesised.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - C. Remzi Becer
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory
- School of Engineering and Material Science
- Queen Mary University of London
- London
- UK
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40
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Delplace V, Nicolas J. Degradable vinyl polymers for biomedical applications. Nat Chem 2015; 7:771-84. [PMID: 26391076 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Vinyl polymers have been the focus of intensive research over the past few decades and are attractive materials owing to their ease of synthesis and their broad diversity of architectures, compositions and functionalities. Their carbon-carbon backbones are extremely resistant to degradation, however, and this property limits their uses. Degradable polymers are an important field of research in polymer science and have been used in a wide range of applications spanning from (nano)medicine to microelectronics and environmental protection. The development of synthetic strategies to enable complete or partial degradation of vinyl polymers is, therefore, of great importance because it will offer new opportunities for the application of these materials. This Review captures the most recent and promising approaches to the design of degradable vinyl polymers and discusses the potential of these materials for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vianney Delplace
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8612, Univ Paris-Sud, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry cedex, France
| | - Julien Nicolas
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8612, Univ Paris-Sud, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry cedex, France
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41
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Parodi A, Corbo C, Cevenini A, Molinaro R, Palomba R, Pandolfi L, Agostini M, Salvatore F, Tasciotti E. Enabling cytoplasmic delivery and organelle targeting by surface modification of nanocarriers. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:1923-40. [PMID: 26139126 PMCID: PMC5561781 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanocarriers are designed to specifically accumulate in diseased tissues. In this context, targeting of intracellular compartments was shown to enhance the efficacy of many drugs and to offer new and more effective therapeutic approaches. This is especially true for therapies based on biologicals that must be encapsulated to favor cell internalization, and to avoid intracellular endosomal sequestration and degradation of the payload. In this review, we discuss specific surface modifications designed to achieve cell cytoplasm delivery and to improve targeting of major organelles; we also discuss the therapeutic applications of these approaches. Last, we describe some integrated strategies designed to sequentially overcome the biological barriers that separate the site of administration from the cell cytoplasm, which is the drug's site of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Parodi
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave., Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Fondazione IRCCS SDN, Via Gianturco 113, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Corbo
- Fondazione IRCCS SDN, Via Gianturco 113, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Armando Cevenini
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.a.r.l., Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Molinaro
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave., Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Clinica Chirurgica I, Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Oncologiche e Gastroeterologiche, Università di Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Roberto Palomba
- Fondazione IRCCS SDN, Via Gianturco 113, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Pandolfi
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave., Houston, TX 77030, USA
- College of Materials Science & Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Science, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, China
| | - Marco Agostini
- Clinica Chirurgica I, Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche Oncologiche e Gastroeterologiche, Università di Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Salvatore
- Fondazione IRCCS SDN, Via Gianturco 113, 80143 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.a.r.l., Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Ennio Tasciotti
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave., Houston, TX 77030, USA
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42
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Moghadam MN, Pioletti DP. Biodegradable HEMA-based hydrogels with enhanced mechanical properties. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2015; 104:1161-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominique P. Pioletti
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Orthopedics; Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
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43
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Min SH, Kwak SK, Kim BS. Atomistic simulation for coil-to-globule transition of poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate). SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:2423-2433. [PMID: 25662300 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm02242d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The coil-to-globule transition of poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) in aqueous solution was investigated by all-atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. The polymer consistent force field (PCFF) was applied to the PDMAEMA model with a proper protonation state. The structural analysis indicates a distinct difference in the hydration state of particular functional groups of PDMAEMA as well as in the conformational state of PDMAEMA below and above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST). In particular, by monitoring the motion of water molecules, we observe that water molecules in the vicinity of the carbonyl group are relatively restricted to the motion in the globule state due to the extended relaxation time of hydrogen bonds among water molecules. The degree of protonation was also adjusted to study the effect of protonation on the conformational state of PDMAEMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sa Hoon Min
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 689-798, Korea
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44
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Jiang Y, Wong CK, Stenzel MH. An Oligonucleotide Transfection Vector Based on HSA and PDMAEMA Conjugation: Effect of Polymer Molecular Weight on Cell Proliferation and on Multicellular Tumor Spheroids. Macromol Biosci 2015; 15:965-78. [PMID: 25809941 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201500006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel gene transfection vector was fabricated based on the conjugation of human serum albumin (HSA) and maleimide end functionalized poly[(N,N-dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate] (PDMAEMA). The bioconjugation was achieved in a site-specific manner to yield well-defined polymer-protein conjugates. The biohybrid was able to bind DNA with high affinity resulting in nanoparticles with a HSA shell. This paper mainly focuses on the influence of polymeric chain length on the particle properties and their drug-carrying ability to deliver oligonucleotides into breast cancer cells. The cytotoxic agent of interest, ISIS5132, is an oligonucleotide which disrupts DNA function within the cell. There was no evidence that the polymeric chain length had any effects on the conjugation efficiency and the subsequent condensation ability of the conjugates to oligonucleotide. However, the polymeric chain length had an obvious effect on the size of the complex micelles. Low molecular weights only led to loosely compacted complexes with the oligonucleotide, while large molecular weight led to well-defined nanoparticle structures. More importantly, it was found that the variation in the length of the PDMAEMA block resulted in a change in cytotoxicity of the drug loaded complex micelle. That is, the concentration of 50% inhibition (IC50 ) of the complex micelle on MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells reached the lowest value at a chain length of around 21 000 g mol(-1) . The IC50 value increased when the polymeric chain length was shorter (8000 g mol(-1) and 10 000 g mol(-1) ) while it increased again when PDMAMEA of M¯n = 47 000 g mol(-1) , probably due to insufficient release of the drug. These result were reflected when investigating the performance of the polyplex using MCF-7 multicellular tumor spheroids, where again the medium PDMAEMA chain length led to the best delivery vehicle for ISIS5132.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Jiang
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemistry and School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales UNSW, Kensington NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Chin Ken Wong
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemistry and School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales UNSW, Kensington NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Martina H Stenzel
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemistry and School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales UNSW, Kensington NSW 2052, Australia.
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45
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Rinkenauer AC, Schubert S, Traeger A, Schubert US. The influence of polymer architecture on in vitro pDNA transfection. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:7477-7493. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00782h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In the field of polymer-based gene delivery, the tuning potential of polymers by using different architectures like graft- and star-shaped polymers as well as self-assembled block copolymers is immense. In the last years numerous new polymer designs showed enhanced transfections properties in combination with a good biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra C. Rinkenauer
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
| | - Stephanie Schubert
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Institute of Pharmacy
| | - Anja Traeger
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
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46
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Liu Y, Lin C, Li J, Qu Y, Ren J. In vitro and in vivo gene transfection using biodegradable and low cytotoxic nanomicelles based on dendritic block copolymers. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:688-699. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01406e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic PCL-b-PDMAEMA copolymers have been used as non-viral vectors for gene transfection and exhibited high transfection efficiencies and low cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Institute of Nano and Biopolymeric Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tongji University
- Shanghai 201804
- China
| | - Chao Lin
- The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science
- School of Medicine
- Tongji University
- Shanghai 200092
- China
| | - Jianbo Li
- Institute of Nano and Biopolymeric Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tongji University
- Shanghai 201804
- China
| | - Yang Qu
- Institute of Nano and Biopolymeric Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tongji University
- Shanghai 201804
- China
| | - Jie Ren
- Institute of Nano and Biopolymeric Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tongji University
- Shanghai 201804
- China
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47
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Mykhaylyk O, Sanchez-Antequera Y, Vlaskou D, Cerda MB, Bokharaei M, Hammerschmid E, Anton M, Plank C. Magnetic nanoparticle and magnetic field assisted siRNA delivery in vitro. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1218:53-106. [PMID: 25319646 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1538-5_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This chapter describes how to design and conduct experiments to deliver siRNA to adherent cell cultures in vitro by magnetic force-assisted transfection using self-assembled complexes of small interfering RNA (siRNA) and cationic lipids or polymers that are associated with magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). These magnetic complexes are targeted to the cell surface by the application of a gradient magnetic field. A further development of the magnetic drug-targeting concept is combining it with an ultrasound-triggered delivery using magnetic microbubbles as a carrier for gene or drug delivery. For this purpose, selected MNPs, phospholipids, and siRNAs are assembled in the presence of perfluorocarbon gas into flexible formulations of magnetic lipospheres (microbubbles). Methods are described how to accomplish the synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles for magnetofection and how to test the association of siRNA with the magnetic components of the transfection vector. A simple method is described to evaluate magnetic responsiveness of the magnetic siRNA transfection complexes and estimate the complex loading with magnetic nanoparticles. Procedures are provided for the preparation of magnetic lipoplexes and polyplexes of siRNA as well as magnetic microbubbles for magnetofection and downregulation of the target gene expression analysis with account for the toxicity determined using an MTT-based respiration activity test. A modification of the magnetic transfection triplexes with INF-7, fusogenic peptide, is described resulting in reporter gene silencing improvement in HeLa, Caco-2, and ARPE-19 cells. The methods described can also be useful for screening vector compositions and novel magnetic nanoparticle preparations for optimized siRNA transfection by magnetofection in any cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Mykhaylyk
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Ismaninger Strasse 22, Munich, 81675, Germany,
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48
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Zheng X, Zhang T, Song X, Zhang L, Zhang C, Jin S, Xing J, Liang XJ. Structural impact of graft and block copolymers based on poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) and poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) in gene delivery. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:4027-4035. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01956c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The characteristics of graft and block copolymers based on PVP and PDMAEMA in pDNA compaction, cytotoxicity, transfection efficiency, internalization and intracellular distribution were systematically investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Tingbin Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Xiaoyan Song
- College of Material Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Ling Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Chunqiu Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China
- Beijing
- China
| | - Shubin Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China
- Beijing
- China
| | - Jinfeng Xing
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China
- Beijing
- China
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49
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Krishnamoorthy M, Hakobyan S, Ramstedt M, Gautrot JE. Surface-initiated polymer brushes in the biomedical field: applications in membrane science, biosensing, cell culture, regenerative medicine and antibacterial coatings. Chem Rev 2014; 114:10976-1026. [PMID: 25353708 DOI: 10.1021/cr500252u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 393] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahentha Krishnamoorthy
- Institute of Bioengineering and ‡School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London , Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
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50
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You S, Cai Q, Zheng Y, He B, Shen J, Yang W, Yin M. Perylene-cored star-shaped polycations for fluorescent gene vectors and bioimaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:16327-16334. [PMID: 25159606 DOI: 10.1021/am5045967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Two star polycations, poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (PAEMA, P1) and poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA, P2), have been synthesized with perylene diimide (PDI) as the central fluorophore. (1)H NMR and (13)C NMR are used to confirm the successful synthesis of a macromolecular initiator. Using ATRP strategy, P1 and P2 are obtained with narrow molecular weight distribution. The star polymers have good fluorescence properties in aqueous solution, which provides fluorescent tracing and imaging during gene delivery. Both P1 and P2 can efficiently condense DNA into stable nanoparticles. Transfection studies demonstrate that P1 and P2 deliver DNA into live cells with higher efficiency and lower cytotoxicity than polyethylenimine (PEI, 25 kDa). P2 shows higher capacity for gene delivery than P1 due to its better buffering and faster rate of cellular internalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shusen You
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , 100029 Beijing, China
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