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Sztandera K, Rodríguez-García JL, Ceña V. In Vivo Applications of Dendrimers: A Step toward the Future of Nanoparticle-Mediated Therapeutics. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:439. [PMID: 38675101 PMCID: PMC11053723 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the last few years, the development of nanotechnology has allowed for the synthesis of many different nanostructures with controlled sizes, shapes, and chemical properties, with dendrimers being the best-characterized of them. In this review, we present a succinct view of the structure and the synthetic procedures used for dendrimer synthesis, as well as the cellular uptake mechanisms used by these nanoparticles to gain access to the cell. In addition, the manuscript reviews the reported in vivo applications of dendrimers as drug carriers for drugs used in the treatment of cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, infections, and ocular diseases. The dendrimer-based formulations that have reached different phases of clinical trials, including safety and pharmacokinetic studies, or as delivery agents for therapeutic compounds are also presented. The continuous development of nanotechnology which makes it possible to produce increasingly sophisticated and complex dendrimers indicates that this fascinating family of nanoparticles has a wide potential in the pharmaceutical industry, especially for applications in drug delivery systems, and that the number of dendrimer-based compounds entering clinical trials will markedly increase during the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Sztandera
- Unidad Asociada Neurodeath, Instituto de Nanociencia Molecular, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02006 Albacete, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Valentín Ceña
- Unidad Asociada Neurodeath, Instituto de Nanociencia Molecular, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02006 Albacete, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Geng Y, Zou H, Li Z, Wu H. Recent advances in nanomaterial-driven strategies for diagnosis and therapy of vascular anomalies. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:120. [PMID: 38500178 PMCID: PMC10949774 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02370-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has demonstrated immense potential in various fields, especially in biomedical field. Among these domains, the development of nanotechnology for diagnosing and treating vascular anomalies has garnered significant attention. Vascular anomalies refer to structural and functional anomalies within the vascular system, which can result in conditions such as vascular malformations and tumors. These anomalies can significantly impact the quality of life of patients and pose significant health concerns. Nanoscale contrast agents have been developed for targeted imaging of blood vessels, enabling more precise identification and characterization of vascular anomalies. These contrast agents can be designed to bind specifically to abnormal blood vessels, providing healthcare professionals with a clearer view of the affected areas. More importantly, nanotechnology also offers promising solutions for targeted therapeutic interventions. Nanoparticles can be engineered to deliver drugs directly to the site of vascular anomalies, maximizing therapeutic effects while minimizing side effects on healthy tissues. Meanwhile, by incorporating functional components into nanoparticles, such as photosensitizers, nanotechnology enables innovative treatment modalities such as photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy. This review focuses on the applications and potential of nanotechnology in the imaging and therapy of vascular anomalies, as well as discusses the present challenges and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Geng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Huwei Zou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Zhaowei Li
- School of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 619 Changcheng Road, Tai'an, 271000, China.
| | - Haiwei Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, 250021, China.
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Fu S, Cai Z, Liu L, Fu X, Xia C, Lui S, Gong Q, Song B, Ai H. PEGylated Amphiphilic Gd-DOTA Backboned-Bound Branched Polymers as Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:5998-6008. [PMID: 37945532 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
MRI contrast agents with high kinetic stability and relaxivity are the key objectives in the field. We previously reported that Gd-DOTA backboned-bound branched polymers possess high kinetic stability and significantly increased T1 relaxivity than traditional branched polymer contrast agents. In this work, non-PEGylated and PEGylated amphiphilic Gd-DOTA backboned-bound branched polymers [P(GdDOTA-C6), P(GdDOTA-C10), mPEG-P(GdDOTA-C6), and mPEG-P(GdDOTA-C10)] were obtained by sequential introduction of rigid carbon chains (1,6-hexamethylenediamine or 1,10-diaminodecane) and mPEG into the structure of Gd-DOTA backboned-bound branched polymers. It is found that the introduction of both rigid carbon chains, especially the longer one, and mPEG can increase the kinetic stability and T1 relaxivity of Gd-DOTA backboned-bound branched polymers. Among them, mPEG-P(GdDOTA-C10) possesses the highest kinetic stability (significantly higher than those of linear Gd-DTPA and cyclic Gd-DOTA-butrol) and T1 relaxivity (42.9 mM-1 s-1, 1.5 T), 11 times that of Gd-DOTA and 1.4 times that of previously reported Gd-DOTA backboned-bound branched polymers. In addition, mPEG-P(GdDOTA-C10) showed excellent MRA effect in cardiovascular and hepatic vessels at a dose (0.025 or 0.05 mmol Gd/kg BW) far below the clinical range (0.1-0.3 mmol Gd/kg BW). Overall, effective branched-polymer-based contrast agents can be obtained by a strategy in which rigid carbon chains and PEG were introduced into the structure of Gd-DOTA backbone-bound branched polymers, resulting in excellent kinetic stability and enhanced T1 relaxivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengxiang Fu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhongyuan Cai
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Li Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xiaomin Fu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Chunchao Xia
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Su Lui
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Psychoradiology Research Unit of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bin Song
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hua Ai
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Fu S, Cai Z, Liu L, Fu X, Wu C, Du L, Xia C, Lui S, Gong Q, Song B, Ai H. Gadolinium(III) Complex-Backboned Branched Polymers as Imaging Probes for Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Angiography. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:18311-18322. [PMID: 37000117 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Compared to traditional branched polymers with Gd(III) chelates conjugated on their surface, branched polymers with Gd(III) chelates as the internal skeleton are considered to be a reasonable strategy for preparing efficient magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. Herein, the Gd(III) ligand DOTA was chosen as the internal skeleton; four different molecular weights (3.5, 5.3, 8.6, and 13.1 kDa) and degrees of branching poly-DOTA branched polymers (P1, P2, P3, and P4) were synthesized by a simple "A2 + B4"-type one-pot polymerization. The Gd(III) chelates of these poly-DOTA branched polymers (P1-Gd, P2-Gd, P3-Gd, and P4-Gd) display excellent kinetic stability, which is significantly higher than those of linear Gd-DTPA and cyclic Gd-DOTA-butrol and slightly lower than that of cyclic Gd-DOTA. The T1 relaxivities of P1-Gd, P2-Gd, P3-Gd, and P4-Gd are 29.4, 38.7, 44.0, and 47.9 Gd mM-1 s-1, respectively, at 0.5 T, which are about 6-11 times higher than that of Gd-DOTA (4.4 Gd mM-1 s-1). P4-Gd was selected for in vivo magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) because of its high kinetic stability, T1 relaxivity, and good biosafety. The results showed excellent MRA effect, sensitive detection of vascular stenosis, and prolonged observation window as compared to Gd-DOTA. Overall, Gd(III) chelates of poly-DOTA branched polymers are good candidates of MRI probes, providing a unique design strategy in which Gd chelation can occur at both the interior and surface of the poly-DOTA branched polymers, resulting in excellent relaxivity enhancement. In vivo animal MRA studies of the probe provide possibilities in discovering small vascular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengxiang Fu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhongyuan Cai
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Li Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xiaomin Fu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Changqiang Wu
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and School of Medical Imaging, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Liang Du
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and School of Medical Imaging, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Chunchao Xia
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Su Lui
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Psychoradiology Research Unit of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bin Song
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hua Ai
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Zhou T, Zhang S, Zhang L, Jiang T, Wang H, Huang L, Wu H, Fan Z, Jing S. Redox ferrocenylseleno compounds modulate longitudinal and transverse relaxation times of FNPs-Gd MRI contrast agents for multimodal imaging and photo-Fenton therapy. Acta Biomater 2023; 164:496-510. [PMID: 37054962 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Developing a feasible way to feature longitudinal (T1) and transverse (T2) relaxation performance of contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is important in cancer diagnosis and therapy. Improved accessibility to water molecule is essential for accelerating the relaxation rate of water protons around the contrast agents. Ferrocenyl compounds have reversible redox property for modulating the hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity of assemblies. Thus, they could be the candidates that can change water accessibility to the contrast agent surface. Herein, we incorporated ferrocenylseleno compound (FcSe) with Gd3+-based paramagnetic UCNPs, to obtain FNPs-Gd nanocomposites using T1-T2 MR/UCL trimodal imaging and simultaneous photo-Fenton therapy. When the surface of NaGdF4:Yb,Tm UNCPs was ligated by FcSe, the hydrogen bonding between hydrophilic selenium and surrounding water molecules accelerated their proton exchange to initially endow FNPs-Gd with high r1 relaxivity. Then, hydrogen nuclei from FcSe disrupted the homogeneity of the magnetic field around the water molecules. This facilitated T2 relaxation and resulted in enhanced r2 relaxivity. Notably, upon the near-infrared light-promoted Fenton-like reaction in the tumor microenvironment, hydrophobic ferrocene(II) of FcSe was oxidized into hydrophilic ferrocenium(III), which further increased the relaxation rate of water protons to obtain r1 = 1.90±0.12 mM-1 s-1 and r2 = 12.80±0.60 mM-1 s-1. With an ideal relaxivity ratio (r2/r1) of 6.74, FNPs-Gd exhibited high contrast potential of T1-T2 dual-mode MRI in vitro and in vivo. This work confirms that ferrocene and selenium are effective boosters that enhance the T1-T2 relaxivities of MRI contrast agents, which could provide a new strategy for multimodal imaging-guided photo-Fenton therapy of tumors. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: T1-T2 dual-mode MRI nanoplatform with tumor-microenvironment-responsive features has been an attractive prospect. Herein, we designed redox ferrocenylseleno compound (FcSe) modified paramagnetic Gd3+-based UCNPs, to modulate T1-T2 relaxation time for multimodal imaging and H2O2-responsive photo-Fenton therapy. Selenium-hydrogen bond of FcSe with surrounding water molecules facilitated water accessibility for fast T1 relaxation. Hydrogen nucleus in FcSe perturbed the phase coherence of water molecules in an inhomogeneous magnetic field and thus accelerated T2 relaxation. In tumor microenvironment, FcSe was oxidized into hydrophilic ferrocenium via NIR light-promoted Fenton-like reaction which further increased both T1 and T2 relaxation rates; Meanwhile, the released toxic •OH performed on-demand cancer therapy. This work confirms that FcSe is an effective redox mediate for multimodal imaging-guided cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Shuyan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Tianyue Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- Digestive Endoscopy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Hongshuai Wu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhining Fan
- Digestive Endoscopy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Su Jing
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
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Wu J, Qiao H. Medical Imaging Technology and Imaging Agents. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1199:15-38. [PMID: 37460725 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-32-9902-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Medical imaging is a technology that studies the interaction between human body and irradiations of X-ray, ultrasound, magnetic field, etc. and represents anatomical structures of human organs/tissues with the implication of irradiation attenuation in the form of grayscales. With these medical images, detailed information on health status and disease diagnosis may be judged by clinical physicians to determine an appropriate therapy approach. This chapter will give a systematic introduction on the modalities, classifications, basic principles, and biomedical applications of traditional medical imaging along with the types, construction, and major features of the corresponding contrast agents or imaging probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieting Wu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huanhuan Qiao
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
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Specific Bifunctionalization on the Surface of Phosphorus Dendrimers Syntheses and Properties. ORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/org3030018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrimers are highly branched macromolecules possessing, in most cases, identical terminal functions. However, it is sometimes desirable to have two types of surface functions in order to fulfil specific properties. The stochastic functionalization is frequently used for such purposes, but the presence of an uncontrolled number of each type of terminal function, albeit acceptable for research purposes, has no practical use. Thus, it is highly desirable to find strategies suitable for the precise grafting of two different functional groups on the surface of dendrimers. The easiest way, and the most widely used, consists in using a bifunctional monomer to be grafted to all of the surface functions of the dendrimers. Two other strategies are known but are rarely used: the modification of an existing function, to generate two functions, and the sequential grafting of one function then of a second function. The three methods are illustrated in this review with polyphosphorhydrazone (PPH) dendrimers, together with their properties as catalysts, for materials, and as biological tools.
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Application of Dendrimers in Anticancer Diagnostics and Therapy. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27103237. [PMID: 35630713 PMCID: PMC9144149 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The application of dendrimeric constructs in medical diagnostics and therapeutics is increasing. Dendrimers have attracted attention due to their compact, spherical three-dimensional structures with surfaces that can be modified by the attachment of various drugs, hydrophilic or hydrophobic groups, or reporter molecules. In the literature, many modified dendrimer systems with various applications have been reported, including drug and gene delivery systems, biosensors, bioimaging contrast agents, tissue engineering, and therapeutic agents. Dendrimers are used for the delivery of macromolecules, miRNAs, siRNAs, and many other various biomedical applications, and they are ideal carriers for bioactive molecules. In addition, the conjugation of dendrimers with antibodies, proteins, and peptides allows for the design of vaccines with highly specific and predictable properties, and the role of dendrimers as carrier systems for vaccine antigens is increasing. In this work, we will focus on a review of the use of dendrimers in cancer diagnostics and therapy. Dendrimer-based nanosystems for drug delivery are commonly based on polyamidoamine dendrimers (PAMAM) that can be modified with drugs and contrast agents. Moreover, dendrimers can be successfully used as conjugates that deliver several substances simultaneously. The potential to develop dendrimers with multifunctional abilities has served as an impetus for the design of new molecular platforms for medical diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Two Decades of Triazine Dendrimers. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164774. [PMID: 34443361 PMCID: PMC8401192 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
For two decades, methods for the synthesis and characterization of dendrimers based on [1,3,5]-triazine have been advanced by the group. Motivated by the desire to generate structural complexity on the periphery, initial efforts focused on convergent syntheses, which yielded pure materials to generation three. To obtain larger generations of dendrimers, divergent strategies were pursued using iterative reactions of monomers, sequential additions of triazine and diamines, and ultimately, macromonomers. Strategies for the incorporation of bioactive molecules using non-covalent and covalent strategies have been explored. These bioactive materials included small molecule drugs, peptides, and genetic material. In some cases, these constructs were examined in both in vitro and in vivo models with a focus on targeting prostate tumor subtypes with paclitaxel conjugates. In the materials realm, the use of triazine dendrimers anchored on solid surfaces including smectite clay, silica, mesoporous alumina, polystyrene, and others was explored for the separation of volatile organics from gas streams or the sequestration of atrazine from solution. The combination of these organics with metal nanoparticles has been probed. The goal of this review is to summarize these efforts.
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Zhou M, Li L, Xie W, He Z, Li J. Synthesis of a Thermal-Responsive Dual-Modal Supramolecular Probe for Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Fluorescence Imaging. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100248. [PMID: 34272782 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Dual-modal imaging can integrate the advantages of different imaging technologies, which could improve the accuracy and efficiency of clinical diagnosis. Herein, a novel amphiphilic thermal-responsive copolymer obtained from three types of monomers, N-isopropyl acrylamide, 2-(acetoacetoxy) ethyl methacrylate, and propargyl methacrylate, by RAFT copolymerization, is reported. It can be grafted with β-cyclodextrin and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogens tetraphenylethylene by click chemistry and Biginelli reaction. The multifunctional supramolecular polymer (P4) can be constructed by host-guest inclusion between the copolymer and the Gd-based contrast agent (CA) modified by adamantane [Ad-(DOTA-Gd)]. And it can form vesicles with a bilayer structure in aqueous which will enhance the AIE and magnetic resonance imaging effects. As fluorescent thermometer, P4 can enter HeLa cells for intracellular fluorescence imaging (FI) and is sensitive to temperature with detection limit value of 1.5 °C. As magnetic resonance CA, P4 exhibits higher relaxation compared to Magnevist, which can prolong the circulation time in vivo. In addition, Gd3+ in the polymer can be quickly released from the body by disassembly that reduced the biological toxicity. This work introduces new synthetic ideas for dual-modal probe, which has great potential for clinical diagnostic applications in bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Wensheng Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zejian He
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
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Dong X, Luo J, Lan P, Guo X, Zhao X, Wang X, Zhou F, Wang Q, Yuan H, Sun J. Magnetic resonance colonography with intestine-absorbable nanoparticle contrast agents in evaluation of colorectal inflammation. Eur Radiol 2021; 31:4615-4624. [PMID: 33409796 PMCID: PMC8213572 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-07609-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop a nanoparticle-based MRI protocol based on transrectal administration of intestine-absorbable nanoparticle contrast agents to evaluate ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) were synthesized by loading gadolinium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA) and octadecylamine-fluorescein isothiocyanate to produce Gd-FITC-SLNs as T1 contrast agents. Twenty mice with acute UC were divided into four groups: enema with Gd-FITC-SLNs, intravenous injection of Gd-FITC-SLNs, enema with Gd-DTPA, and intravenous injection of Gd-DTPA. Five mice with chronic UC and five mice without UC underwent enema with Gd-FITC-SLNs. Axial T1- and T2-weighted MR images were obtained before and 20, 40, 60, 80,100, and 120 min after enema or intravenous injection of the contrast agent. The signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of the colorectal wall were measured in both groups. The MRI findings were correlated with subsequent histological confirmation. RESULTS At 20 min after enema with Gd-FITC-SLNs, MRI showed the following contrast enhancement pattern: acute UC > normal intestinal wall > chronic UC. A continuous enhancement effect was observed in mice with acute UC, whereas a slight continuous enhancement of the colorectal wall was observed in mice with chronic UC. The normal intestinal wall rapidly metabolized the contrast agent, and the enhancement decreased on sequential scans. There was no significant difference between the SNRs of the intestinal wall at 20 min after intravenous Gd-DTPA and transrectal Gd-FITC-SLN administration. CONCLUSIONS Enema with Gd-FITC-SLNs may be helpful for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of acute and chronic UC and can confer the same or better results than with intravenous Gd-DTPA. KEY POINTS • Enema with Gd-FITC-SLNs may be helpful for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of acute and chronic UC. • Enema with Gd-FITC-SLNs can achieve the same or better result than that with intravenous Gd-DTPA. • SLN-based MR colonography enhances the colorectal wall inflammation, based on the colonic absorption of the nanoparticle contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Dong
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingfeng Luo
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pengxun Lan
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiuyu Guo
- Department of Radiology, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiangfeng Wang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Yuan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Jihong Sun
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.
- Innovation Center for Minimally Invasive Techniques and Devices, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
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Caminade AM, Hameau A, Turrin CO, Laurent R, Majoral JP. Dendritic metal complexes for bioimaging. Recent advances. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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13
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Shrestha R, Teesdale-Spittle PH, Lewis AR, Rendle PM. Gadolinium Complexes Attached to Poly Ethoxy Ethyl Glycinamide (PEE-G) Dendrons: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents with Increased Relaxivity. Chempluschem 2020; 85:1881-1892. [PMID: 32845091 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A range of poly ethoxy ethyl glycinamide (PEE-G) dendron scaffolds with gadolinium (III) complexes attached were synthesized with a focus on product purity and high Gd(III) loading. The nuclear magnetic resonance relaxivity of these products was measured and compared with commercially available low-molecular-weight magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. Over twice the relaxivity based on Gd(III) concentration, and up to 20-fold increase in relaxivity were observed based on molecular concentration. Relaxivity properties were observed to increase with both increasing molecular weight and number of Gd(III) complexes attached, however a plateau was reached for molecular weight increase. T1 and T2 relaxivity properties were also investigated at two different magnetic fields. Transverse relaxivity is unaffected by magnetic field strength whereas increase in longitudinal relaxivity was not as pronounced at the higher field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinu Shrestha
- Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 33 436, Petone, 5046, New Zealand
| | | | - Andrew R Lewis
- Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 33 436, Petone, 5046, New Zealand.,Callaghan Innovation, PO Box 31 310, Lower Hutt, 5010, New Zealand
| | - Phillip M Rendle
- Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 33 436, Petone, 5046, New Zealand
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14
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Xu W, Lin Z, Li G, Long H, Du M, Fu G, Pu L. Linear PVA–DTPA–Gd conjugate for magnetic resonance imaging. RSC Adv 2019; 9:37052-37056. [PMID: 35539082 PMCID: PMC9075117 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05607f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we report the preparation and characterization of the PVA–DTPA–Gd conjugate as a potential MRI contrast agent (CA). The r1 value and the r2/r1 ratio were about 5.6 mM−1 s−1 and 1.31, respectively. In vitro toxicity studies not only demonstrated that the polymeric system possessed good biocompatibility, but also proved that the conjugate could be an attractive candidate for CA. In this study, we report the preparation and characterization of the PVA–DTPA–Gd conjugate as a potential MRI contrast agent (CA).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibing Xu
- College of Science
- Gansu Agricultural University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Zhiyan Lin
- Clinical Medical College
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Guichen Li
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science
- Gansu Agricultural University
- Lanzhou 730070
- China
| | - Haitao Long
- College of Science
- Gansu Agricultural University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Mingyuan Du
- College of Science
- Gansu Agricultural University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Guorui Fu
- College of Science
- Gansu Agricultural University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Lumei Pu
- College of Science
- Gansu Agricultural University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
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15
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Guo S, Xiao X, Wang X, Luo Q, Zhu H, Zhang H, Li H, Gong Q, Luo K. Reductive microenvironment responsive gadolinium-based polymers as potential safe MRI contrast agents. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:1919-1932. [PMID: 30773580 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm01103f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A ROX and enzyme-responsive biodegradable gadolinium-based mCA was prepared, demonstrating a short gadolinium retention time and sufficient MRI contrast efficacy in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Guo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)
- Department of Radiology
- West China Hospital
- and National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
| | - Xueyang Xiao
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)
- Department of Radiology
- West China Hospital
- and National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)
- Department of Radiology
- West China Hospital
- and National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
| | - Qiang Luo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)
- Department of Radiology
- West China Hospital
- and National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
| | - Hongyan Zhu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)
- Department of Radiology
- West China Hospital
- and National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
| | - Hu Zhang
- Amgen Bioprocess Centre
- Keck Graduate Institute
- USA
| | - Haonan Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)
- Department of Radiology
- West China Hospital
- and National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)
- Department of Radiology
- West China Hospital
- and National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
| | - Kui Luo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC)
- Department of Radiology
- West China Hospital
- and National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
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16
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Sharma A, El-Faham A, de la Torre BG, Albericio F. Exploring the Orthogonal Chemoselectivity of 2,4,6-Trichloro-1,3,5-Triazine (TCT) as a Trifunctional Linker With Different Nucleophiles: Rules of the Game. Front Chem 2018; 6:516. [PMID: 30443543 PMCID: PMC6221914 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The study involves exploring the three orthogonal sites for aromatic nucleophilic substitution in cyanuric chloride (TCT). The preferential order of incorporation of different nucleophiles (such as alcohol, thiol, and amine) was addressed both experimentally and theoretically. The preferential order for incorporating nucleophiles in TCT was found to be alcohol > thiol > amine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Sharma
- KRISP, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Ayman El-Faham
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Fernando Albericio
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Jin M, Zhang Y, Gao G, Xi Q, Yang Y, Yan L, Zhou H, Zhao Y, Wu C, Wang L, Lei Y, Yang W, Xu J. MRI Contrast Agents Based on Conjugated Polyelectrolytes and Dendritic Polymers. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 39:e1800258. [PMID: 30027610 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Three complexes of gadolinium-based on dentritic molecules are reported as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. Their ligands feature four carboxylate groups, which contribute to good water solubility and a strong combination with metal ions. As a new attempt, coupling polymerization is carried out to make a combination of conjugated polyelectrolytes and dendrimers for MRI contrast agents. For comparison, mononuclear and binuclear complexes are also reported. The investigation suggests that the contrast agent with the newly designed macromolecular skeleton provides higher longitudinal relaxivity value (36.2 mm -1 s-1 ) and more visible enhancement in in vivo and in vitro MR images than the small molecular ones. In addition, extremely low cytotoxicity and main clearance via hepatobiliary are confirmed, which reduces the deterioration of chronic kidney disease. All the results indicate that these three complexes are generally applicable as promising clinical contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manyu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yanqun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Ge Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Qiaoyue Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Luomei Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830000, P. R. China
| | - Hua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yongxia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Cunqi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Lidan Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Material, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, P. R. China
| | - Yongqian Lei
- Guangdong Institute of Analysis, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Test for Dangerous Chemicals, Guangzhou, 510070, P. R. China
| | - Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Jingwei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
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18
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Jeong Y, Na K. Synthesis of a gadolinium based-macrocyclic MRI contrast agent for effective cancer diagnosis. Biomater Res 2018; 22:17. [PMID: 29942642 PMCID: PMC5998550 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-018-0127-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gadolinium-based contrast agents are widely used as a contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging. Since gadolinium ions are toxic, many chelators are developed to bind gadolinium ions to prevent free gadolinium-associated disease. However, many reports indicated that linear chelator-based contrast agents are associated with nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) in patients with low kidney function. Therefore, the demand for stable macrocyclic chelator-based contrast agent is now increasing. Method 1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetate (DOTA) was conjugated to lactobionic acid (LBA) through DCC-NHS coupling reaction. Gd3+ (gadolinium ion) was chelated to 1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetate-lactobionic acid (DOTA-LAE) and free Gd3+ was removed using a cation exchange column. In vitro cytotoxicity of contrast agent towards normal cells was measured using MTT assay. For in vivo MR imaging, contrast agents were intravenously injected to tumor-bearing mice and imaged by a MR imaging scanner. Results This new macrocyclic gadolinium-based contrast agent showed enhanced in vitro paramagnetic properties compared to Gadovist. In addition, Gd-DOTA-LAE showed a 29% increased contrast enhancement of tumor tissue compared to normal tissue within 20 min past IV injection. Conclusions We developed a new macrocyclic T1-weighted MR contrast agent. This new contrast agent offers various opportunities for cancer detection and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohan Jeong
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi do 420-743 South Korea
| | - Kun Na
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi do 420-743 South Korea
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19
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Luo Q, Xiao X, Dai X, Duan Z, Pan D, Zhu H, Li X, Sun L, Luo K, Gong Q. Cross-Linked and Biodegradable Polymeric System as a Safe Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:1575-1588. [PMID: 29260844 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b16345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the low efficacy of clinically used small-molecule gadolinium (Gd)-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) agents, we designed and explored biodegradable macromolecular conjugates as MRI contrast agents. The linear polymeric structure and core-cross-linked formulation possessed different characteristics and features, so we prepared and comparatively studied the two kinds of Gd-based N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMA) polymeric systems (the core-cross-linked pHPMA-DOTA-Gd and the linear one) using the clinical agent diethylene-triamine pentaacetic acid-Gd(III) (DTPA-Gd) as a control. This study was aimed to find the optimal polymeric formulation as a biocompatible and efficient MRI contrast agent. The high molecular weight (MW, 181 kDa) and core-cross-linked copolymer was obtained via the cross-linked block linear copolymer and could be degraded to low-MW segments (29 kDa) in the presence of glutathione (GSH) and cleaned from the body. Both core-cross-linked and linear pHPMA-DOTA-Gd copolymers displayed 2-3-fold increased relaxivity (r1 value) than that of DTPA-Gd. Animal studies demonstrated that two kinds of macromolecular systems led to much longer blood circulation time, higher tumor accumulation, and much higher signal intensity compared with the linear and clinical ones. Finally, in vivo and in vitro toxicity studies indicated that the two macromolecular agents had great biocompatibility. Therefore, we performed preliminary but important studies on the Gd-based HPMA polymeric systems as biocompatible and efficient MRI contrast agents and found that the biodegradable core-cross-linked pHPMA-DOTA-Gd copolymer might have greater benefits for the foreground.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Luo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, ‡Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and §West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xueyang Xiao
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, ‡Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and §West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinghang Dai
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, ‡Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and §West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenyu Duan
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, ‡Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and §West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Dayi Pan
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, ‡Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and §West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongyan Zhu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, ‡Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and §West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xue Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, ‡Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and §West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Sun
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, ‡Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and §West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Kui Luo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, ‡Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and §West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, ‡Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and §West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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20
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Xu W, Long H, Xu X, Fu G, Pu L, Ding L. Poly(HPMA)-DTPA/DOTA-Gd conjugates for magnetic resonance imaging. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj04355h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Poly(HPMA)-DTPA/DOTA-Gd conjugates were fabricated, and the cytotoxicity, hemocompatibility and T1 relaxivity property were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibing Xu
- College of Science
- Gansu Agricultural University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Haitao Long
- College of Science
- Gansu Agricultural University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Xinxin Xu
- College of Life Science
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Guorui Fu
- College of Science
- Gansu Agricultural University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Lumei Pu
- College of Science
- Gansu Agricultural University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Lan Ding
- College of Life Science
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
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21
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Babič A, Vorobiev V, Xayaphoummine C, Lapicorey G, Chauvin AS, Helm L, Allémann E. Self-Assembled Nanomicelles as MRI Blood-Pool Contrast Agent. Chemistry 2017; 24:1348-1357. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Babič
- Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy Geneva-Lausanne; University of Geneva; Rue Michel Servet 1 1211 Geneva Switzerland
| | - Vassily Vorobiev
- Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy Geneva-Lausanne; University of Geneva; Rue Michel Servet 1 1211 Geneva Switzerland
| | - Céline Xayaphoummine
- Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy Geneva-Lausanne; University of Geneva; Rue Michel Servet 1 1211 Geneva Switzerland
| | - Gaëlle Lapicorey
- Institut of Chemical Sciences and Engineering; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne; Route Cantonale 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Anne-Sophie Chauvin
- Institut of Chemical Sciences and Engineering; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne; Route Cantonale 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Lothar Helm
- Institut of Chemical Sciences and Engineering; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne; Route Cantonale 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Eric Allémann
- Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy Geneva-Lausanne; University of Geneva; Rue Michel Servet 1 1211 Geneva Switzerland
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22
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Giovenzana GB, Lattuada L, Negri R. Recent Advances in Bifunctional Paramagnetic Chelates for MRI. Isr J Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201700028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni B. Giovenzana
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco; Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”; L.go Donegani 2/3 I-28100 Novara Italy
| | - Luciano Lattuada
- Bracco Imaging SpA, Bracco Research Centre; Via Ribes 5 I-10010 Colleretto Giacosa TO, Italy
| | - Roberto Negri
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco; Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”; L.go Donegani 2/3 I-28100 Novara Italy
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23
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Huang H, Lovell JF. Advanced Functional Nanomaterials for Theranostics. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2017; 27:1603524. [PMID: 28824357 PMCID: PMC5560626 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201603524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale materials have been explored extensively as agents for therapeutic and diagnostic (i.e. theranostic) applications. Research efforts have shifted from exploring new materials in vitro to designing materials that function in more relevant animal disease models, thereby increasing potential for clinical translation. Current interests include non-invasive imaging of diseases, biomarkers and targeted delivery of therapeutic drugs. Here, we discuss some general design considerations of advanced theranostic materials and challenges of their use, from both diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives. Common classes of nanoscale biomaterials, including magnetic nanoparticles, quantum dots, upconversion nanoparticles, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, carbon-based nanoparticles and organic dye-based nanoparticles, have demonstrated potential for both diagnosis and therapy. Variations such as size control and surface modifications can modulate biocompatibility and interactions with target tissues. The needs for improved disease detection and enhanced chemotherapeutic treatments, together with realistic considerations for clinically translatable nanomaterials will be key driving factors for theranostic agent research in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyuan Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, 14260, United States
| | - Jonathan F Lovell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, 14260, United States
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24
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Dendrimer-Based Nanodevices as Contrast Agents for MR Imaging Applications. SPRINGER SERIES IN BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-48544-6_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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25
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Han Y, Qian Y, Zhou X, Hu H, Liu X, Zhou Z, Tang J, Shen Y. Facile synthesis of zwitterionic polyglycerol dendrimers with a β-cyclodextrin core as MRI contrast agent carriers. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01404f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A facile synthesis method of a zwitterionic polyglycerol dendrimer was developed, providing an ideal carrier for drug and imaging probe delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Han
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Center for Bionanoengineering
- and College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
| | - Yue Qian
- Department of Radiology
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital (SRRSH) of School of Medicine
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhou
- Department of Radiology
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital (SRRSH) of School of Medicine
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Hongjie Hu
- Department of Radiology
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital (SRRSH) of School of Medicine
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Xiangrui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Center for Bionanoengineering
- and College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
| | - Zhuxian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Center for Bionanoengineering
- and College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
| | - Jianbin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Center for Bionanoengineering
- and College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
| | - Youqing Shen
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Center for Bionanoengineering
- and College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
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26
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Cao Y, Liu M, Zhang K, Dong J, Zu G, Chen Y, Zhang T, Xiong D, Pei R. Preparation of linear poly(glycerol) as a T1 contrast agent for tumor-targeted magnetic resonance imaging. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:6716-6725. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb01514j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Macromolecular contrast agents (CAs) labeled with targeting molecules are gaining remarkable interest as promising materials overcoming the defects of small-molecule CAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface
- Division of Nanobiomedicine
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface
- Division of Nanobiomedicine
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Kunchi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface
- Division of Nanobiomedicine
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Jingjin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface
- Division of Nanobiomedicine
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Guangyue Zu
- Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface
- Division of Nanobiomedicine
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Yang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface
- Division of Nanobiomedicine
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface
- Division of Nanobiomedicine
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Dangsheng Xiong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- China
| | - Renjun Pei
- Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface
- Division of Nanobiomedicine
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Suzhou 215123
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Longo DL, Arena F, Consolino L, Minazzi P, Geninatti-Crich S, Giovenzana GB, Aime S. Gd-AAZTA-MADEC, an improved blood pool agent for DCE-MRI studies on mice on 1 T scanners. Biomaterials 2015; 75:47-57. [PMID: 26480471 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A novel MRI blood-pool contrast agent (Gd-AAZTA-MADEC) has been compared with established blood pool agents for tumor contrast enhanced images and angiography. Synthesis, relaxometric properties, albumin binding affinity and pharmacokinetic profiles are reported. For in vivo studies, angiographic images and tumor contrast enhanced images were acquired on mice with benchtop 1T-MRI scanners and compared with MS-325, B22956/1 and B25716/1. The design of this contrast agent involved the elongation of the spacer between the targeting deoxycholic acid moiety and the Gd-AAZTA imaging reporting unit that drastically changed either the binding affinity to albumin (KA(HSA) = 8.3 × 10(5) M(-1)) and the hydration state of the Gd ion (q = 2) in comparison to the recently reported B25716/1. The very markedly high binding affinity towards mouse and human serum albumins resulted in peculiar pharmacokinetics and relaxometric properties. The NMRD profiles clearly indicated that maximum efficiency is attainable at magnetic field strength of 1 T. In vivo studies showed high enhancement of the vasculature and a prolonged accumulation inside tumor. The herein reported pre-clinical imaging studies show that a great benefit arises from the combination of a benchtop MRI scanner operating at 1 T and the albumin-binding Gd-AAZTA-MADEC complex, for pursuing enhanced angiography and improved characterization of tumor vascular microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Livio Longo
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini (CNR) c/o Molecular Biotechnology Center, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy; Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy.
| | - Francesca Arena
- Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy; Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Lorena Consolino
- Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy; Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy; CAGE Chemicals Srl, Via Bovio 6, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Paolo Minazzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro" Largo Donegani 2/3, 28100, Novara, Italy; CAGE Chemicals Srl, Via Bovio 6, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti-Crich
- Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy; Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Battista Giovenzana
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro" Largo Donegani 2/3, 28100, Novara, Italy; CAGE Chemicals Srl, Via Bovio 6, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini (CNR) c/o Molecular Biotechnology Center, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy; Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy; Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
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28
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Opina AC, Wong KJ, Griffiths GL, Turkbey BI, Bernardo M, Nakajima T, Kobayashi H, Choyke PL, Vasalatiy O. Preparation and long-term biodistribution studies of a PAMAM dendrimer G5-Gd-BnDOTA conjugate for lymphatic imaging. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:1423-37. [PMID: 25392239 PMCID: PMC4482252 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.14.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To demonstrate the use of gadolinium (Gd)-labeled dendrimers as lymphatic imaging agents and establish the long-term biodistribution (90-day) of this type of agent in mice. MATERIALS & METHODS A G5-Gd-BnDOTA dendrimer was prepared and injected into mice and monkeys for MR lymphangiography, and long-term biodistribution of the conjugate was studied. RESULTS Administration of G5-Gd-BnDOTA in mice demonstrated a rapid uptake in the deep lymphatic system while injection in monkeys showed enhanced internal iliac nodes, indicating its general utility for lymphatic tracking. Biodistribution studies to 90 days showed that gadolinium conjugate is slowly being eliminated from the liver and other organs. CONCLUSION The use of G5-Gd-BnDOTA holds great promise for lymphatic imaging, but its slow clearance from the body might hamper its eventual clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Christina Opina
- Imaging Probe Development Center, National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Karen J Wong
- Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, MD, USA
| | - Gary L Griffiths
- Clinical Research Directorate/Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, MD, USA
| | - Baris I Turkbey
- Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Peter L Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, MD, USA
| | - Olga Vasalatiy
- Imaging Probe Development Center, National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
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29
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Abakumova TO, Nukolova NV, Gusev EI, Chekhonin VP. [Contrast agents in MRI-diagnosis of multiple sclerosis]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2015; 115:58-65. [PMID: 25909791 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro20151151158-65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging using contrast agents plays an important role in diagnosis and assessment of treatment efficacy in multiple sclerosis. The development of contrast agents on the basis of gadolinium or iron oxide nanoparticles has potential for diagnosis of pathological foci (tumors, amyloid plaques, inflammation and foci of demyelination or necrosis) in nervous system diseases. Newly developing types of diagnostic substances for visualization of pathological foci in multiple sclerosis are presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- T O Abakumova
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow
| | - N V Nukolova
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow
| | - E I Gusev
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow
| | - V P Chekhonin
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow
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30
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Lux F, Sancey L, Bianchi A, Crémillieux Y, Roux S, Tillement O. Gadolinium-based nanoparticles for theranostic MRI-radiosensitization. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:1801-15. [PMID: 25715316 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A rapid development of gadolinium-based nanoparticles is observed due to their attractive properties as MRI-positive contrast agents. Indeed, they display high relaxivity, adapted biodistribution and passive uptake in the tumor thanks to enhanced permeability and retention effect. In addition to these imaging properties, it has been recently shown that they can act as effective radiosensitizers under different types of irradiation (radiotherapy, neutron therapy or hadron therapy). These new therapeutic modalities pave the way to therapy guided by imaging and to personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Lux
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
| | - Lucie Sancey
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
| | - Andrea Bianchi
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques, CNRS UMR5536, Université Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Yannick Crémillieux
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques, CNRS UMR5536, Université Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Stéphane Roux
- Institut UTINAM, UMR6213 UFC-CNRS, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon cedex, France
| | - Olivier Tillement
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
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31
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Ruiz-Sanchez AJ, Mesa-Antunez P, Barbero N, Collado D, Vida Y, Najera F, Perez-Inestrosa E. Synthesis of all-aliphatic polyamide dendrimers based on a 3,3′-diaminopivalic acid scaffold. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00154d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Iterative 3,3′-diaminopivalic acid connections act as building blocks in the production of new all-aliphatic polyamide dendrimers. 3,3′-Diazidopivalic acid units underpin a two-step pathway involving carboxylic acid–amine condensation, followed azide reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo Mesa-Antunez
- Universidad de Malaga
- IBIMA
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- 29071-Malaga
- Spain
| | - Nekane Barbero
- Universidad de Malaga
- IBIMA
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- 29071-Malaga
- Spain
| | - Daniel Collado
- Universidad de Malaga
- IBIMA
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- 29071-Malaga
- Spain
| | - Yolanda Vida
- Universidad de Malaga
- IBIMA
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- 29071-Malaga
- Spain
| | - Francisco Najera
- Universidad de Malaga
- IBIMA
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- 29071-Malaga
- Spain
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32
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Enciso AE, Garzoni M, Pavan GM, Simanek EE. Influence of linker groups on the solubility of triazine dendrimers. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj00917g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The choice of linking diamine has profound influence on the solubility of triazine dendrimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan E. Enciso
- Department of Chemistry
- Texas Christian University
- Fort Worth
- USA
| | - Matteo Garzoni
- Department of Innovative Technologies
- University of Applied Science of Southern Switzerland
- 6962 Manno
- Switzerland
| | - Giovanni M. Pavan
- Department of Innovative Technologies
- University of Applied Science of Southern Switzerland
- 6962 Manno
- Switzerland
| | - Eric E. Simanek
- Department of Chemistry
- Texas Christian University
- Fort Worth
- USA
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33
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Enciso AE, Ramirez-Crescencio F, Zeiser M, Redón R, Simanek EE. Accelerated synthesis of large generation triazine dendrimers using microwave assisted reactions: a 24 hour challenge. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00899a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The expedited synthesis of odd generation triazine dendrimers up to generation 9 can be executed in high yields using microwave irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. E. Enciso
- Department of Chemistry
- Texas Christian University
- Fort Worth
- USA
| | - F. Ramirez-Crescencio
- Departamento de Tecnociencias
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Centro de Ciencias Aplicadas y Desarrollo Tecnológico
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Coyoacán
| | - M. Zeiser
- Department of Chemistry
- Texas Christian University
- Fort Worth
- USA
| | - R. Redón
- Departamento de Tecnociencias
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Centro de Ciencias Aplicadas y Desarrollo Tecnológico
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Coyoacán
| | - E. E. Simanek
- Department of Chemistry
- Texas Christian University
- Fort Worth
- USA
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34
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Martinho N, Florindo H, Silva L, Brocchini S, Zloh M, Barata T. Molecular Modeling to Study Dendrimers for Biomedical Applications. Molecules 2014; 19:20424-20467. [PMID: 25493631 PMCID: PMC6270869 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191220424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular modeling techniques provide a powerful tool to study the properties of molecules and their interactions at the molecular level. The use of computational techniques to predict interaction patterns and molecular properties can inform the design of drug delivery systems and therapeutic agents. Dendrimers are hyperbranched macromolecular structures that comprise repetitive building blocks and have defined architecture and functionality. Their unique structural features can be exploited to design novel carriers for both therapeutic and diagnostic agents. Many studies have been performed to iteratively optimise the properties of dendrimers in solution as well as their interaction with drugs, nucleic acids, proteins and lipid membranes. Key features including dendrimer size and surface have been revealed that can be modified to increase their performance as drug carriers. Computational studies have supported experimental work by providing valuable insights about dendrimer structure and possible molecular interactions at the molecular level. The progress in computational simulation techniques and models provides a basis to improve our ability to better predict and understand the biological activities and interactions of dendrimers. This review will focus on the use of molecular modeling tools for the study and design of dendrimers, with particular emphasis on the efforts that have been made to improve the efficacy of this class of molecules in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Martinho
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, Lisbon 1649-003, Portugal
| | - Helena Florindo
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, Lisbon 1649-003, Portugal
| | - Liana Silva
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, Lisbon 1649-003, Portugal
| | - Steve Brocchini
- Department of Pharmaceutics, The School of Pharmacy, University of London, 29/39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Mire Zloh
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK.
| | - Teresa Barata
- Department of Pharmaceutics, The School of Pharmacy, University of London, 29/39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
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35
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Spanakis M, Marias K. In silico evaluation of gadofosveset pharmacokinetics in different population groups using the Simcyp® simulator platform. In Silico Pharmacol 2014; 2:2. [PMID: 27502621 PMCID: PMC4644137 DOI: 10.1186/s40203-014-0002-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Gadofosveset is a Gd-based contrast agent used for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Gadolinium kinetic distribution models are implemented in T1-weighted dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion MRI for characterization of lesion sites in the body. Physiology changes in a disease state potentially can influence the pharmacokinetics of drugs and to this respect modify the distribution properties of contrast agents. This work focuses on the in silico modelling of pharmacokinetic properties of gadofosveset in different population groups through the application of physiologically-based pharmacokinetic models (PBPK) embedded in Simcyp® population pharmacokinetics platform. Methods Physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties of gadofosveset were introduced into Simcyp® simulator platform and a min-PBPK model was applied. In silico clinical trials were generated simulating the administration of the recommended dose for the contrast agent (i.v., 30 mg/kg) in population cohorts of healthy volunteers, obese, renal and liver impairment, and in a generated virtual oncology population. Results were evaluated regarding basic pharmacokinetic parameters of Cmax, AUC and systemic CL and differences were assessed through ANOVA and estimation of ratio of geometric mean between healthy volunteers and the other population groups. Results Simcyp® predicted a mean Cmax = 551.60 mg/l, a mean AUC = 4079.12 mg/L*h and a mean systemic CL = 0.56 L/h for the virtual population of healthy volunteers. Obese population showed a modulation in Cmax and CL, attributed to increased administered dose. In renal and liver impairment cohorts a significant modulation in Cmax, AUC and CL of gadofosveset is predicted. Oncology population exhibited statistical significant differences regarding AUC when compared with healthy volunteers. Conclusions This work employed Simcyp® population pharmacokinetics platform in order to compute gadofosveset’s pharmacokinetic profiles through PBPK models and in silico clinical trials and evaluate possible differences between population groups. The approach showed promising results that could provide new insights regarding administration of contrast agents in special population cohorts. In silico pharmacokinetics could further be used for evaluating of possible toxicity, interpretation of MRI PK image maps and development of novel contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marios Spanakis
- Computational Medicine Laboratory, Institute of Computer Science, Foundation of Research & Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, GR-71110, Crete, Greece.
| | - Kostas Marias
- Computational Medicine Laboratory, Institute of Computer Science, Foundation of Research & Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, GR-71110, Crete, Greece.
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36
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Li H, Zhou H, Krieger S, Parry JJ, Whittenberg JJ, Desai AV, Rogers BE, Kenis PJA, Reichert DE. Triazine-based tool box for developing peptidic PET imaging probes: syntheses, microfluidic radiolabeling, and structure-activity evaluation. Bioconjug Chem 2014; 25:761-72. [PMID: 24661266 PMCID: PMC3993951 DOI: 10.1021/bc500034n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
![]()
This
study was aimed at developing a triazine-based modular platform
for targeted PET imaging. We synthesized mono- or bis-cyclo(RGDfK)
linked triazine-based conjugates specifically targeting integrin αvβ3 receptors. The core molecules could be
easily linked to targeting peptide and radiolabeled bifunctional chelator.
The spacer core molecule was synthesized in 2 or 3 steps in 64–80%
yield, and the following conjugation reactions with cyclo(RGDfK) peptide
or bifunctional chelator were accomplished using “click”
chemistry or amidation reactions. The DOTA-TZ-Bis-cyclo(RGDfK) 13 conjugate was radiolabeled successfully with 64Cu(OAc)2 using a microfluidic method, resulting in higher
specific activity with above 95% labeling yields compared to conventional
radiolabeling (SA ca. 850 vs 600 Ci/mmol). The dimeric cyclo(RGDfK)
peptide was found to display significant bivalency effect using I125-Echistatin binding assay with IC50 value as 178.5 ± 57.1 nM, which displayed a 3.6-fold enhancement
of binding affinity compared to DOTA-TZ-cyclo(RGDfK) 14 conjugate on U87MG human glioblastoma cell. Biodistribution of all
four conjugates in female athymic nude mice were evaluated. DOTA-“Click”-cyclo(RGDfK) 15 had the highest tumor uptake among these four at 4 h p.i.
with 1.90 ± 0.65%ID/g, while there was no clear bivalency effect
for DOTA-TZ-BisRGD in vivo, which needs further experiments
to address the unexpected questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairong Li
- Radiological Sciences Division, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine , 510 South Kingshighway Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
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37
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Pulido D, Albericio F, Royo M. Controlling Multivalency and Multimodality: Up to Pentamodal Dendritic Platforms Based on Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic Acid Cores. Org Lett 2014; 16:1318-21. [DOI: 10.1021/ol500022n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pulido
- Combinatorial
Chemistry Unit, Barcelona Science Park, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-BBN, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Albericio
- CIBER-BBN, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research
in Biomedicine, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Organic
Chemistry Department, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Royo
- Combinatorial
Chemistry Unit, Barcelona Science Park, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-BBN, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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39
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Cyran CC, Fu Y, Rogut V, Chaopathomkul B, Wendland MF, Shames DM, Brasch RC. Evaluation of a novel macromolecular cascade-polymer contrast medium for dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI monitoring of antiangiogenic bevacizumab therapy in a human melanoma model. Acad Radiol 2013; 20:1256-63. [PMID: 24029057 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2013.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES To assess the applicability of a novel macromolecular polyethylene glycol (PEG)-core gadolinium contrast agent for monitoring early antiangiogenic effects of bevacizumab using dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Athymic rats (n = 26) implanted with subcutaneous human melanoma xenografts underwent DCE-MRI at 2.0 T using two different macromolecular contrast agents. The PEG core cascade polymer PEG12,000-Gen4-(Gd-DOTA)16, designed for clinical development, was compared to the prototype, animal-only, macromolecular contrast medium (MMCM) albumin-(Gd-DTPA)35. The treatment (n = 13) and control (n = 13) group was imaged at baseline and 24 hours after a single dose of bevacizumab (1 mg) or saline to quantitatively assess the endothelial-surface permeability constant (K(PS), μL⋅min⋅100 cm(3)) and the fractional plasma volume (fPV,%), using a two-compartment kinetic model. RESULTS Mean K(PS) values, assessed with PEG12,000-Gen4-(Gd-DOTA)16, declined significantly (P < .05) from 29.5 ± 10 μL⋅min⋅100 cm(3) to 10.4 ± 7.8 μL⋅min⋅100 cm(3) by 24 hours after a single dose of bevacizumab. In parallel, K(PS) values quantified using the prototype MMCM albumin-(Gd-DTPA)35 showed an analogous, significant decline (P < .05) in the therapy group. No significant effects were detected on tumor vascularity or on microcirculatory parameters in the control group between the baseline and the follow-up scan at 24 hours. CONCLUSION DCE-MRI enhanced with the novel MMCM PEG12,000-Gen4-(Gd-DOTA)16 was able to monitor the effects of bevacizumab on melanoma xenografts within 24 hours of a single application, validated by the prototype, animal-only albumin-(Gd-DTPA)35. PEG12,000-Gen4-(Gd-DOTA)16 may be a promising candidate for further clinical development as a macromolecular blood pool contrast MRI agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens C Cyran
- Center for Pharmaceutical and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California; Department of Clinical Radiology, Laboratory for Experimental Radiology, University Hospitals Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377 Munich, Germany.
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Patra S, Kozura B, Huang AYT, Enciso AE, Sun X, Hsieh JT, Kao CL, Chen HT, Simanek EE. Dendrimers terminated with dichlorotriazine groups provide a route to compositional diversity. Org Lett 2013; 15:3808-11. [PMID: 23869522 DOI: 10.1021/ol400811h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Triazine dendrimers terminated with either four or eight dichlorotriazines can be prepared in high yields by reacting an amine-terminated dendrimer with cyanuric chloride. These materials exist as white powders and are stable to storage at room temperature. Sequential nucleophilic aromatic substitution with two different amine nucleophiles yields compounds that display the desired compositional diversity. Reaction conditions for the substitution were developed using a model dichlorotriazine with amine nucleophiles at -20, 0, and 25 °C. Selective substitution is favored at lower temperatures and with more nucleophilic amine groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Patra
- Department of Chemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, USA
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Li K, Wen S, Larson AC, Shen M, Zhang Z, Chen Q, Shi X, Zhang G. Multifunctional dendrimer-based nanoparticles for in vivo MR/CT dual-modal molecular imaging of breast cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:2589-600. [PMID: 23888113 PMCID: PMC3722039 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s46177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of dual-mode or multi-mode imaging contrast agents is important for accurate and self-confirmatory diagnosis of cancer. We report a new multifunctional, dendrimer-based gold nanoparticle (AuNP) as a dual-modality contrast agent for magnetic resonance (MR)/computed tomography (CT) imaging of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. In this study, amine-terminated generation 5 poly(amidoamine) dendrimers modified with gadolinium chelate (DOTA-NHS) and polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether were used as templates to synthesize AuNPs, followed by Gd(III) chelation and acetylation of the remaining dendrimer terminal amine groups; multifunctional dendrimer-entrapped AuNPs (Gd-Au DENPs) were formed. The formed Gd-Au DENPs were used for both in vitro and in vivo MR/CT imaging of human MCF-7 cancer cells. Both MR and CT images demonstrate that MCF-7 cells and the xenograft tumor model can be effectively imaged. The Gd-Au DENPs uptake, mainly in the cell cytoplasm, was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. The cell cytotoxicity assay, cell morphology observation, and flow cytometry show that the developed Gd-Au DENPs have good biocompatibility in the given concentration range. Our results clearly suggest that the synthetic Gd-Au DENPs are amenable for dual-modality MR/CT imaging of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangan Li
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shihui Wen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Andrew C Larson
- Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mingwu Shen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhuoli Zhang
- Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Qian Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangyang Shi
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guixiang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Simanek EE, Enciso AE, Pavan GM. Computational design principles for the discovery of bioactive dendrimers: [s]-triazines and other examples. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2013; 8:1057-69. [PMID: 23826946 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2013.813479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chemistry yields dendrimers of many classes and compositions. Translating this synthetic success to bioactivity is significantly aided by the use of computational modeling and our knowledge of the three-dimensional shapes of these macromolecules. AREAS COVERED This review discusses the lessons learned during the investigations of [s]-triazine dendrimers. Specifically, the article focuses on the evolving role that computational models have taken in the exploration of these macromolecules. These lessons, furthermore, can be generalized across many dendrimer classes. EXPERT OPINION Computational models and the resulting structural data from molecular dynamics simulations provide insights into: shape, solvent penetration, shielding of biolabile linkers, and the density of hydrophobic patches. These models have evolved from artistic representations, through bases for rationalization, to hypothesis-generating tools that drive synthesis. With further advances expected in both software and hardware the answer to the question, 'What does a specific dendrimer look like in solution?' is becoming increasingly clear. Moreover, the authors believe that answer to this question lies at the heart of the design of bioactive dendrimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric E Simanek
- Texas Christian University, Department of Chemistry , 2800 South University Drive, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA.
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