1
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Periyalagan A, Hong IS. A novel synthetic method of peptide nucleic acid (
PNA
) oligomers using Boc/
Cbz‐protected PNA
trimer blocks in the solution phase. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alagarsamy Periyalagan
- Department of Chemistry College of Natural Science, Kongju National University Chungnam Republic of Korea
| | - In Seok Hong
- Department of Chemistry College of Natural Science, Kongju National University Chungnam Republic of Korea
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2
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Binzel DW, Li X, Burns N, Khan E, Lee WJ, Chen LC, Ellipilli S, Miles W, Ho YS, Guo P. Thermostability, Tunability, and Tenacity of RNA as Rubbery Anionic Polymeric Materials in Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine-Specific Cancer Targeting with Undetectable Toxicity. Chem Rev 2021; 121:7398-7467. [PMID: 34038115 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
RNA nanotechnology is the bottom-up self-assembly of nanometer-scale architectures, resembling LEGOs, composed mainly of RNA. The ideal building material should be (1) versatile and controllable in shape and stoichiometry, (2) spontaneously self-assemble, and (3) thermodynamically, chemically, and enzymatically stable with a long shelf life. RNA building blocks exhibit each of the above. RNA is a polynucleic acid, making it a polymer, and its negative-charge prevents nonspecific binding to negatively charged cell membranes. The thermostability makes it suitable for logic gates, resistive memory, sensor set-ups, and NEM devices. RNA can be designed and manipulated with a level of simplicity of DNA while displaying versatile structure and enzyme activity of proteins. RNA can fold into single-stranded loops or bulges to serve as mounting dovetails for intermolecular or domain interactions without external linking dowels. RNA nanoparticles display rubber- and amoeba-like properties and are stretchable and shrinkable through multiple repeats, leading to enhanced tumor targeting and fast renal excretion to reduce toxicities. It was predicted in 2014 that RNA would be the third milestone in pharmaceutical drug development. The recent approval of several RNA drugs and COVID-19 mRNA vaccines by FDA suggests that this milestone is being realized. Here, we review the unique properties of RNA nanotechnology, summarize its recent advancements, describe its distinct attributes inside or outside the body and discuss potential applications in nanotechnology, medicine, and material science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W Binzel
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Xin Li
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Nicolas Burns
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Eshan Khan
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Wen-Jui Lee
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ching Chen
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Satheesh Ellipilli
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Wayne Miles
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Yuan Soon Ho
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Peixuan Guo
- Center for RNA Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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3
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Fantoni NZ, Brown T, Kellett A. DNA-Targeted Metallodrugs: An Untapped Source of Artificial Gene Editing Technology. Chembiochem 2021; 22:2184-2205. [PMID: 33570813 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
DNA binding metal complexes are synonymous with anticancer drug discovery. Given the array of structural and chemical reactivity properties available through careful design, metal complexes have been directed to bind nucleic acid structures through covalent or noncovalent binding modes. Several recognition modes - including crosslinking, intercalation, and oxidation - are central to the clinical success of broad-spectrum anticancer metallodrugs. However, recent progress in nucleic acid click chemistry coupled with advancement in our understanding of metal complex-nucleic acid interactions has opened up new avenues in genetic engineering and targeted therapies. Several of these applications are enabled by the hybridisation of oligonucleotide or polyamine probes to discrete metal complexes, which facilitate site-specific reactivity at the nucleic acid interface under the guidance of the probe. This Review focuses on recent advancements in hybrid design and, by way of an introduction to this topic, we provide a detailed overview of nucleic acid structures and metal complex-nucleic acid interactions. Our aim is to provide readers with an insight on the rational design of metal complexes with DNA recognition properties and an understanding of how the sequence-specific targeting of these interactions can be achieved for gene engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Zuin Fantoni
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Kellett
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for, Cellular Biotechnology and Nano Research Facility, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, 9, Ireland
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4
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Fantoni NZ, El-Sagheer AH, Brown T. A Hitchhiker's Guide to Click-Chemistry with Nucleic Acids. Chem Rev 2021; 121:7122-7154. [PMID: 33443411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Click chemistry is an immensely powerful technique for the fast and efficient covalent conjugation of molecular entities. Its broad scope has positively impacted on multiple scientific disciplines, and its implementation within the nucleic acid field has enabled researchers to generate a wide variety of tools with application in biology, biochemistry, and biotechnology. Azide-alkyne cycloadditions (AAC) are still the leading technology among click reactions due to the facile modification and incorporation of azide and alkyne groups within biological scaffolds. Application of AAC chemistry to nucleic acids allows labeling, ligation, and cyclization of oligonucleotides efficiently and cost-effectively relative to previously used chemical and enzymatic techniques. In this review, we provide a guide to inexperienced and knowledgeable researchers approaching the field of click chemistry with nucleic acids. We discuss in detail the chemistry, the available modified-nucleosides, and applications of AAC reactions in nucleic acid chemistry and provide a critical view of the advantages, limitations, and open-questions within the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Zuin Fantoni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Afaf H El-Sagheer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.,Chemistry Branch, Department of Science and Mathematics, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, Suez 43721, Egypt
| | - Tom Brown
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
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5
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Abstract
Sequence-defined oligomeric molecules with discrete folding propensities, termed foldamers, are a versatile source of agents with tailored structure and function. An inspiration for the development of the foldamer paradigm are natural biomacromolecules, the sequence-encoded folding of which is the basis of life. Metal ions and clusters are common features in proteins, where the role of metal varies from supporting structure to enabling function. The ubiquity of metals in natural systems suggests promise for metals in the context of folded artificial backbones. In this Minireview, we highlight efforts to realize this potential through a survey of published work on the design, synthesis, and characterization of metal-binding foldamers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa R Rao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Shelby L Schettler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - W Seth Horne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
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6
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Salmain M, Fischer-Durand N, Rudolf B. Bioorthogonal Conjugation of Transition Organometallic Complexes to Peptides and Proteins: Strategies and Applications. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michèle Salmain
- Sorbonne Université; CNRS; Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire; 4 place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
| | - Nathalie Fischer-Durand
- Sorbonne Université; CNRS; Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire; 4 place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
| | - Bogna Rudolf
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Faculty of Chemistry; University of Lodz; 91-403 Lodz Poland
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7
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Daniluk M, Buchowicz W, Koszytkowska‐Stawińska M, Jarząbek K, Jarzembska KN, Kamiński R, Piszcz M, Laudy AE, Tyski S. Ferrocene Amino Acid Ester Uracil Conjugates: Synthesis, Structure, Electrochemistry and Antimicrobial Evaluation. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201902518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Daniluk
- Faculty of ChemistryWarsaw University of Technology Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Buchowicz
- Faculty of ChemistryWarsaw University of Technology Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | | | - Karolina Jarząbek
- King Władysław IV High School in Warsaw Jagiellońska 38 03-719 Warsaw Poland
| | | | - Radosław Kamiński
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - Michał Piszcz
- Faculty of ChemistryWarsaw University of Technology Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Agnieszka E. Laudy
- Department of Pharmaceutical MicrobiologyMedical University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 61, Warsaw Poland
| | - Stefan Tyski
- Department of Pharmaceutical MicrobiologyMedical University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 61, Warsaw Poland
- Department of Antibiotics and MicrobiologyNational Medicines Institute Chełmska 30/34 00-725 Warsaw Poland
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8
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Nakano K, Tanabe J, Ishimatsu R, Imato T. Monolithic Peptide-Nucleic Acid Hybrid Functioning as an Artificial Microperoxidase. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:2031-2034. [PMID: 28696677 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new peptide nucleic acid (PNA) with an installed peroxidase function has been developed. Fmoc solid phase peptide synthesis prepared a PNA hybrid (VQKCAQCHTVE-(C2H4O)2CH2-[PNA(T)]6-G) that renders the microperoxidase backbone, followed by reconstitution with hemin. The resulting holocompound catalyzed the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramthylbenzidine by H2O2 to 50% that of natural microperoxidase-11, whereas the apo-form and hemin gave no responses. The peroxidase domain was found to be active toward direct electrochemistry and the PNA hybrid served for gene sensor; in the presence of the target DNA (5'-CATGTATAAAAAA-3'), an electrode-attached DNA probe (5'-TsTsTsTsTsTCTCATACATG-3') showed the ferric-to-ferrous quasi-reversible wave (-276 mV vs Ag/AgCl) through sandwich hybridization. Moreover, the hybridization product could accept H2O2 as an oxidant to enhance the reduction current, which occurred likely based on the iron(II)-center-recycling with specific rate constant of 0.19 s-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Nakano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University , 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Junichi Tanabe
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University , 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryoich Ishimatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University , 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Imato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University , 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
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9
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Meola G, Braband H, Jordi S, Fox T, Blacque O, Spingler B, Alberto R. Structure and reactivities of rhenium and technetium bis-arene sandwich complexes [M(η6-arene)2]+. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:14631-14637. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt02072d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Rhenium and 99Tc bis-arene complexes for a molecule-based theranostic approach are presented. Conjugation of biovectors to benzene or substitution of naphthalene allows integration of {Re(η6-C6H6)}+ in pharmaceutical lead structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Meola
- University of Zurich
- Department of Chemistry
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Henrik Braband
- University of Zurich
- Department of Chemistry
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Sara Jordi
- University of Zurich
- Department of Chemistry
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Thomas Fox
- University of Zurich
- Department of Chemistry
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Olivier Blacque
- University of Zurich
- Department of Chemistry
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Spingler
- University of Zurich
- Department of Chemistry
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Roger Alberto
- University of Zurich
- Department of Chemistry
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
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10
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Albada B, Metzler-Nolte N. Organometallic–Peptide Bioconjugates: Synthetic Strategies and Medicinal Applications. Chem Rev 2016; 116:11797-11839. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bauke Albada
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nils Metzler-Nolte
- Inorganic
Chemistry I − Bioinorganic Chemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780-D Bochum, Germany
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11
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Chanawanno K, Holstrom C, Crandall LA, Dodge H, Nemykin VN, Herrick RS, Ziegler CJ. The synthesis and structures of 1,1'-bis(sulfonyl)ferrocene derivatives. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:14320-6. [PMID: 27539927 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt02669a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of 1,1'-bis(sulfonyl)ferrocene compounds were produced via the 1,1'-bis(sulfonate)ferrocene ammonium salt. This compound can be readily converted to 1,1' bis(sulfonylchloride)ferrocene. By varying stoichiometry and reaction times, both mono- and bis-sulfonamide derivatives can be synthesized. All new compounds presented in this report have been structurally characterized. The structures of the bis-sulfonamide systems are similar to the well-studied bis(amide) ferrocene compounds. Intermolecular hydrogen bonding is observed, typically between NH and SO groups of neighboring sulfonamides. However in the bis(GABA) derivative, intermolecular NH to CO hydrogen bonding interactions are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kullapa Chanawanno
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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12
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Hatit MZC, Sadler JC, McLean LA, Whitehurst BC, Seath CP, Humphreys LD, Young RJ, Watson AJB, Burley GA. Chemoselective Sequential Click Ligations Directed by Enhanced Reactivity of an Aromatic Ynamine. Org Lett 2016; 18:1694-7. [PMID: 27001375 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Aromatic ynamines or N-alkynylheteroarenes are highly reactive alkyne components in Cu-catalyzed Huisgen [3 + 2] cycloaddition ("click") reactions. This enhanced reactivity enables the chemoselective formation of 1,4-triazoles using the representative aromatic ynamine N-ethynylbenzimidazole in the presence of a competing aliphatic alkyne substrate. The unique chemoselectivity profile of N-ethynylbenzimidazole is further demonstrated by the sequential click ligation of a series of highly functionalized azides using a heterobifunctional diyne, dispelling the need for alkyne protecting groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Z C Hatit
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Strathclyde , Glasgow, G1 1XL, U.K
| | - Joanna C Sadler
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Strathclyde , Glasgow, G1 1XL, U.K.,GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Liam A McLean
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Strathclyde , Glasgow, G1 1XL, U.K
| | - Benjamin C Whitehurst
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Strathclyde , Glasgow, G1 1XL, U.K.,GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Ciaran P Seath
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Strathclyde , Glasgow, G1 1XL, U.K
| | - Luke D Humphreys
- GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Robert J Young
- GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Allan J B Watson
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Strathclyde , Glasgow, G1 1XL, U.K
| | - Glenn A Burley
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Strathclyde , Glasgow, G1 1XL, U.K
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13
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Castro V, Rodríguez H, Albericio F. CuAAC: An Efficient Click Chemistry Reaction on Solid Phase. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2016; 18:1-14. [PMID: 26652044 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.5b00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Click chemistry is an approach that uses efficient and reliable reactions, such as Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC), to bind two molecular building blocks. CuAAC has broad applications in medicinal chemistry and other fields of chemistry. This review describes the general features and applications of CuAAC in solid-phase synthesis (CuAAC-SP), highlighting the suitability of this kind of reaction for peptides, nucleotides, small molecules, supramolecular structures, and polymers, among others. This versatile reaction is expected to become pivotal for meeting future challenges in solid-phase chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vida Castro
- Institute
for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology 08028-Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, 08028-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hortensia Rodríguez
- Institute
for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology 08028-Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, 08028-Barcelona, Spain
- School
of Chemistry, Yachay Tech, Yachay City of Knowledge, Urcuqui, Ecuador
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Institute
for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology 08028-Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, 08028-Barcelona, Spain
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028-Barcelona, Spain
- School of Chemistry & Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 4001-Durban, South Africa
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14
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Fehlhammer WP, Beck W. Azide Chemistry - An Inorganic Perspective, Part II[‡][3+2]-Cycloaddition Reactions of Metal Azides and Related Systems. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201500165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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15
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Zamfir LG, Fortgang P, Farre C, Ripert M, De Crozals G, Jaffrezic-Renault N, Bala C, Temple-Boyer P, Chaix C. Synthesis and electroactivated addressing of ferrocenyl and azido-modified stem-loop oligonucleotides on an integrated electrochemical device. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.02.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Scarborough JH, Gonzalez P, Rodich S, Green KN. Synthetic methodology for asymmetric ferrocene derived bio-conjugate systems via solid phase resin-based methodology. J Vis Exp 2015:52399. [PMID: 25866986 PMCID: PMC4401241 DOI: 10.3791/52399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Early detection is a key to successful treatment of most diseases, and is particularly imperative for the diagnosis and treatment of many types of cancer. The most common techniques utilized are imaging modalities such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Positron Emission Topography (PET), and Computed Topography (CT) and are optimal for understanding the physical structure of the disease but can only be performed once every four to six weeks due to the use of imaging agents and overall cost. With this in mind, the development of "point of care" techniques, such as biosensors, which evaluate the stage of disease and/or efficacy of treatment in the clinician's office and do so in a timely manner, would revolutionize treatment protocols.1 As a means to exploring ferrocene based biosensors for the detection of biologically relevant molecules2, methods were developed to produce ferrocene-biotin bio-conjugates described herein. This report will focus on a biotin-ferrocene-cysteine system that can be immobilized on a gold surface.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sean Rodich
- Department of Chemistry, Texas Christian University
| | - Kayla N Green
- Department of Chemistry, Texas Christian University;
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17
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Scarborough JH, Brusoski K, Brewer S, Rodich S, Chatley KS, Nguyen T, Green KN. Development of Low Molecular Weight Ferrocene–Biotin Bioconjugates as Electrochemical Sensors. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/om501294f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Hunter Scarborough
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298860, Ft. Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Kara Brusoski
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298860, Ft. Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Samantha Brewer
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298860, Ft. Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Sean Rodich
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298860, Ft. Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Kevin S. Chatley
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298860, Ft. Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Trang Nguyen
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298860, Ft. Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Kayla N. Green
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298860, Ft. Worth, Texas 76129, United States
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18
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Sista P, Ghosh K, Martinez JS, Rocha RC. Metallo-Biopolymers: Conjugation Strategies and Applications. POLYM REV 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2014.913063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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19
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Muangchuen A, Chaumpluk P, Suriyasomboon A, Ekgasit S. Colorimetric detection of Ehrlichia canis via nucleic acid hybridization in gold nano-colloids. SENSORS 2014; 14:14472-87. [PMID: 25111239 PMCID: PMC4178980 DOI: 10.3390/s140814472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME) is a major thick-bone disease of dog caused by Ehrlichia canis. Detection of this causal agent outside the laboratory using conventional methods is not effective enough. Thus an assay for E. canis detection based on the p30 outer membrane protein gene was developed. It was based on the p30 gene amplification using loop-mediated isothermal DNA amplification (LAMP). The primer set specific to six areas within the target gene were designed and tested for their sensitivity and specificity. Detection of DNA signals was based on modulation of gold nanoparticles' surface properties and performing DNA/DNA hybridization using an oligonucleotide probe. Presence of target DNA affected the gold colloid nanoparticles in terms of particle aggregation with a plasmonic color change of the gold colloids from ruby red to purple, visible by the naked eye. All the assay steps were completed within 90 min including DNA extraction without relying on standard laboratory facilities. This method was very specific to target bacteria. Its sensitivity with probe hybridization was sufficient to detect 50 copies of target DNA. This method should provide an alternative choice for point of care control and management of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajima Muangchuen
- Laboratory of Plant Transgenic Technology and Biosensor, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Piyasak Chaumpluk
- Laboratory of Plant Transgenic Technology and Biosensor, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Annop Suriyasomboon
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Sanong Ekgasit
- Sensor Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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20
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Gasser G. Preparation of metal-containing peptide nucleic acid bioconjugates on the solid phase. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1050:55-72. [PMID: 24297350 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-553-8_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are a class of artificial DNA/RNA analogues that have unique physicochemical properties, which include a high chemical stability, resistance to nucleases and proteases, and higher mismatch sensitivity than DNA. PNAs were initially anticipated to be useful for application in antisense and antigene therapies; however, their poor cellular uptake has limited their use for such purposes in the "real world." Recently, it has been shown that the addition of metal complexes to these oligonucleotide analogues could open up new avenues for their utilization in various research fields. Such metallo-constructs have shown great promise, for a diverse range of applications, most notably in the biosensing area. In this book chapter, we report on the recent synthetic advances towards the preparation of these "(multi-)metallic PNAs" on the solid phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Gasser
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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21
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Stephan H, Foerster C, Gasser G. Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of radiometal-containing peptide nucleic acids. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1050:37-54. [PMID: 24297349 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-553-8_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) have very attractive properties for applications in nuclear medicine. Because PNAs have high selectivity for DNA/RNA recognition, resistance to nuclease/protease degradation, and high thermal and radiolytic stabilities, PNA bioconjugates could transform the areas of diagnostic and therapeutic nuclear medicine. In this book chapter, we report on the current developments towards the preparation of radiometal-containing PNA constructs and summarize the protocols for labeling these probes with (99m)Tc, (111)In, (64)Cu, (90)Y, and (177)Lu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Stephan
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz- Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
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22
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Jain DR, Ganesh KN. Clickable Cγ-azido(methylene/butylene) peptide nucleic acids and their clicked fluorescent derivatives: synthesis, DNA hybridization properties, and cell penetration studies. J Org Chem 2014; 79:6708-14. [PMID: 24941399 DOI: 10.1021/jo500834u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis, characterization, and DNA complementation studies of clickable C(γ)-substituted methylene (azm)/butylene (azb) azido PNAs show that these analogues enhance the stability of the derived PNA:DNA duplexes. The fluorescent PNA oligomers synthesized by their click reaction with propyne carboxyfluorescein are seen to accumulate around the nuclear membrane in 3T3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak R Jain
- Chemical Biology Unit, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
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23
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Synthesis, anti-migration and burning rate catalytic mechanism of ferrocene-based compounds. Appl Organomet Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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24
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Recent research progress in the synthesis and properties of burning rate catalysts based on ferrocene-containing polymers and derivatives. J Organomet Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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25
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Moore A, Shufelt K, Janesko BG, Green KN. Ligand effects on the redox behavior of bimetallic tungsten(0)/ferrocene(II) complexes. Polyhedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2014.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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26
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Duprey JLHA, Tucker JHR. Metal–Carbon Bonds in Biopolymer Conjugates: Bioorganometallic Nucleic Acid Chemistry. CHEM LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.131019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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27
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Albada HB, Prochnow P, Bobersky S, Bandow JE, Metzler-Nolte N. Highly active antibacterial ferrocenoylated or ruthenocenoylated Arg-Trp peptides can be discovered by anl-to-dsubstitution scan. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4sc01822b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
By taking a systematic approach several short organometallic AMP conjugates were discovered which have very low hemolytic activity but virtually the same antimicrobial activity against MRSA as that of vancomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Bauke Albada
- Inorganic Chemistry I – Bioinorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Ruhr University Bochum
- Bochum, Germany
| | - Pascal Prochnow
- Applied Microbiology
- Faculty for Biology and Biotechnology
- Ruhr University Bochum
- Bochum, Germany
| | - Sandra Bobersky
- Inorganic Chemistry I – Bioinorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Ruhr University Bochum
- Bochum, Germany
| | - Julia E. Bandow
- Applied Microbiology
- Faculty for Biology and Biotechnology
- Ruhr University Bochum
- Bochum, Germany
| | - Nils Metzler-Nolte
- Inorganic Chemistry I – Bioinorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Ruhr University Bochum
- Bochum, Germany
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28
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Deepthi SB, Trivedi R, Giribabu L, Sujitha P, Ganesh Kumar C, Sridhar B. (4-Ferrocenylphenyl)propargyl ether derived carbohydrate triazoles: influence of a hydrophobic linker on the electrochemical and cytotoxic properties. NEW J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3nj01022h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Strack M, Metzler-Nolte N, Albada HB. C-Terminal Acetylene Derivatized Peptides via Silyl-Based Alkyne Immobilization. Org Lett 2013; 15:3126-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol401332r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Strack
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Bioinorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Nils Metzler-Nolte
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Bioinorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - H. Bauke Albada
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Bioinorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
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30
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Anstaett P, Zheng Y, Thai T, Funston AM, Bach U, Gasser G. Synthesis of stable peptide nucleic acid-modified gold nanoparticles and their assembly onto gold surfaces. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:4217-20. [PMID: 23460137 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201209684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Anstaett
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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31
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Anstaett P, Zheng Y, Thai T, Funston AM, Bach U, Gasser G. Synthesis of Stable Peptide Nucleic Acid-Modified Gold Nanoparticles and their Assembly onto Gold Surfaces. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201209684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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32
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Chai JH, Wu QS. Electrospinning preparation and electrical and biological properties of ferrocene/poly(vinylpyrrolidone) composite nanofibers. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 4:189-97. [PMID: 23616938 PMCID: PMC3628987 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.4.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Nanofibers containing ferrocene (Fc) have been prepared for the first time by electrospinning. In this paper, Fc was dispersed uniformly throughout the poly(vinypyrrolidone) (PVP) matrix for the purpose of combining the properties of PVP and Fc. The effects of solvents and Fc concentration on the morphologies and diameters of nanofibers were investigated. In the DMF/ethanol solvent, the morphologies of the obtained nanofibers significantly changed with the increase of Fc concentration. The results demonstrated that the morphologies of the nanofibers could be controlled through adjusting solvents and Fc concentration. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the diameters of the obtained composite fibers were about 30-200 nm at different Fc concentrations. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results confirmed the presence of ferrocene within the PVP nanofibers. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that the crystalline structure of Fc in the fibers was amorphous after the electrospinning process. A biological evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of Fc/PVP nanofibers was carried out by using Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) as model organisms. The nanofibers fabricated by this method showed obvious antibacterial activity. Electrochemical properties were characterized based on cyclic voltammetry measurements. The CV results showed redox peaks corresponding to the Fc(+)/Fc couple, which suggested that Fc molecules encapsulated inside PVP nanofibers retian their electrochemical activity. The properties and facile preparation method make the Fc/PVP nanofibers promising for antibacterial and sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hong Chai
- Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Qing-Sheng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200092, PR China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
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33
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Deepthi SB, Trivedi R, Giribabu L, Sujitha P, Kumar CG. Effect of amide-triazole linkers on the electrochemical and biological properties of ferrocene-carbohydrate conjugates. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:1180-90. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt31927f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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34
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Joshi T, Patra M, Spiccia L, Gasser G. Di-heterometalation of thiol-functionalized peptide nucleic acids. ARTIFICIAL DNA, PNA & XNA 2013; 4:11-8. [PMID: 23422249 PMCID: PMC3654725 DOI: 10.4161/adna.24019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2012] [Revised: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
As a proof-of-principle, two hetero-bimetallic PNA oligomers containing a ruthenium(II) polypyridyl and a cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl complex have been prepared by serial combination of solid-phase peptide coupling and in-solution thiol chemistry. Solid-phase N-terminus attachment of Ru(II)-polypyridyl carboxylic acid derivative, C1, onto the thiol-functionalized PNA backbone (H-a-a-g-t-c-t-g-c-linker-cys-NH 2) has been performed by standard peptide coupling method. As two parallel approaches, the strong affinity of thiols for maleimide and haloacetyl group has been exploited for subsequent post-SPPS addition of cymantrene-based organometallic cores, C2 and C3. Michael-like addition and thioether ligation of thiol functionalized PNA1 (H-gly-a-a-g-t-c-t-g-c-linker-cys-NH 2) and PNA2 (C1-a-a-g-t-c-t-g-c-linker-cys-NH 2) to cymantrene maleimide and chloroacetyl derivatives, C2 and C3, respectively, has been performed. The synthesized ruthenium(II)-cymantrenyl PNA oligomers have been characterized by mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and IR spectroscopy. The distinct Mn-CO vibrational IR stretches, between 1,924-2,074 cm (-1) , have been used as markers to confirm the presence of cymantrenyl units in the PNA sequences and the purity of the HPLC-purified PNA thioethers assessed using LC-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmaya Joshi
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; University of Zurich; Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Malay Patra
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; University of Zurich; Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Leone Spiccia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science and School of Chemistry; Monash University; Clayton, VIC Australia
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; University of Zurich; Zurich, Switzerland
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35
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Maschke M, Lieb M, Metzler-Nolte N. Biologically Active Trifluoromethyl-Substituted Metallocene Triazoles: Characterization, Electrochemistry, Lipophilicity, and Cytotoxicity. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201200798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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36
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Gross A, Hüsken N, Schur J, Raszeja Ł, Ott I, Metzler-Nolte N. A ruthenocene-PNA bioconjugate--synthesis, characterization, cytotoxicity, and AAS-detected cellular uptake. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:1764-74. [PMID: 22823488 DOI: 10.1021/bc200692g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Labeling of peptide nucleic acids (PNA) with metallocene complexes is explored herein for the modulation of the analytical characteristics, as well as biological properties of PNA. The synthesis of the first ruthenocene-PNA conjugate with a dodecamer, mixed-sequence PNA is described, and its properties are compared to a ferrocene-labeled analogue as well as an acetylated, metal-free derivative. The synthetic characteristics, chemical stability, analytical and thermodynamic properties, and the interaction with cDNA were investigated. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of the PNA conjugates is determined on HeLa, HepG2, and PT45 cell lines. Finally, the cellular uptake of the metal-containing PNAs was quantified by high-resolution continuum source atomic absorption spectrometry (HR-CS AAS). An unexpectedly high cellular uptake to final concentrations of 4.2 mM was observed upon incubation with 50 μM solutions of the ruthenocene-PNA conjugate. The ruthenocene label was shown to be an excellent label in all respects, which is also more stable than its ferrocene analogue. Because of its high stability, low toxicity, and the lack of a natural background of ruthenium, it is an ideal choice for bioanalytical purposes and possible medicinal and biological applications like, e.g., the development of gene-targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Gross
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Bioinorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
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37
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Joshi T, Barbante GJ, Francis PS, Hogan CF, Bond AM, Gasser G, Spiccia L. Electrochemiluminescent monomers for solid support syntheses of Ru(II)-PNA bioconjugates: multimodal biosensing tools with enhanced duplex stability. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:3302-15. [PMID: 22339152 DOI: 10.1021/ic202761w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of devising a solid support mediated approach to multimodal Ru(II)-peptide nucleic acid (PNA) oligomers is explored. Three Ru(II)-PNA-like monomers, [Ru(bpy)(2)(Cpp-L-PNA-OH)](2+) (M1), [Ru(phen)(2)(Cpp-L-PNA-OH)](2+) (M2), and [Ru(dppz)(2)(Cpp-L-PNA-OH)](2+) (M3) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, dppz = dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine, Cpp-L-PNA-OH = [2-(N-9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl)aminoethyl]-N-[6-(2-(pyridin-2yl)pyrimidine-4-carboxamido)hexanoyl]-glycine), have been synthesized as building blocks for Ru(II)-PNA oligomers and characterized by IR and (1)H NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, electrochemistry and elemental analysis. As a proof of principle, M1 was incorporated on the solid phase within the PNA sequences H-g-c-a-a-t-a-a-a-a-Lys-NH(2) (PNA1) and H-P-K-K-K-R-K-V-g-c-a-a-t-a-a-a-a-lys-NH(2) (PNA4) to give PNA2 (H-g-c-a-a-t-a-a-a-a-M1-lys-NH(2)) and PNA3 (H-P-K-K-K-R-K-V-g-c-a-a-t-a-a-a-a-M1-lys-NH(2)), respectively. The two Ru(II)-PNA oligomers, PNA2 and PNA3, displayed a metal to ligand charge transfer (MLCT) transition band centered around 445 nm and an emission maximum at about 680 nm following 450 nm excitation in aqueous solutions (10 mM PBS, pH 7.4). The absorption and emission response of the duplexes formed with the cDNA strand (DNA: 5'-T-T-T-T-T-T-T-A-T-T-G-C-T-T-T-3') showed no major variations, suggesting that the electronic properties of the Ru(II) complexes are largely unaffected by hybridization. The thermal stability of the PNA·DNA duplexes, as evaluated from UV melting experiments, is enhanced compared to the corresponding nonmetalated duplexes. The melting temperature (T(m)) was almost 8 °C higher for PNA2·DNA duplex, and 4 °C for PNA3·DNA duplex, with the stabilization attributed to the electrostatic interaction between the cationic residues (Ru(II) unit and positively charged lysine/arginine) and the polyanionic DNA backbone. In presence of tripropylamine (TPA) as co-reactant, PNA2, PNA3, PNA2·DNA and PNA3·DNA displayed strong electrochemiluminescence (ECL) signals even at submicromolar concentrations. Importantly, the combination of spectrochemical, thermal and ECL properties possessed by the Ru(II)-PNA sequences offer an elegant approach for the design of highly sensitive multimodal biosensing tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmaya Joshi
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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Crowley JD, McMorran DA. “Click-Triazole” Coordination Chemistry: Exploiting 1,4-Disubstituted-1,2,3-Triazoles as Ligands. TOPICS IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/7081_2011_67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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39
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Joshi T, Gasser G, Martin LL, Spiccia L. Specific uptake and interactions of peptide nucleic acid derivatives with biomimetic membranes. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra20462b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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40
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Abstract
Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) is a non-cyclic pseudopeptide-nucleic acid structural mimic with promising applications within diagnostics and drug discovery. This review focuses on metal complex derivatives of PNA. Metal ions and their complexes display unique physical and chemical properties and offer the opportunity to introduce new labels and probes for bioanalytical and diagnostic applications of PNA, but also to modulate or to introduce new (for example catalytic) functions and biological activities.
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41
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Gasser G, Pinto A, Neumann S, Sosniak AM, Seitz M, Merz K, Heumann R, Metzler-Nolte N. Synthesis, characterisation and bioimaging of a fluorescent rhenium-containing PNA bioconjugate. Dalton Trans 2011; 41:2304-13. [PMID: 22183093 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt12114j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A new rhenium tricarbonyl complex of a bis(quinoline)-derived ligand (2-azido-N,N-bis((quinolin-2-yl)methyl)ethanamine, L-N(3)), namely [Re(CO)(3)(L-N(3))]Br was synthesized and characterized in-depth, including by X-ray crystallography. [Re(CO)(3)(L-N(3))]Br exhibits a strong UV absorbance in the range 300-400 nm with a maximum at 322 nm, and upon photoexcitation, shows two distinct emission bands at about 430 and 560 nm in various solvents (water, ethylene glycol). [Re(CO)(3)(L-N(3))]Br could be conjugated, on a solid phase, to a peptide nucleic acid (PNA) oligomer using the copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (Cu-AAC, "click" chemistry) and an alkyne-containing PNA building block to give Re-PNA. It was demonstrated that upon hybridisation with a complementary DNA strand (DNA), the position of the maxima and emission intensity for the hybrid Re-PNA·DNA remained mainly unchanged compared to those of the single strand Re-PNA. The rhenium-containing PNA oligomer Re-PNA could be then mediated in living cells where they have been shown to be non-toxic contrary to the general notion that organometallic compounds are usually unstable under physiological conditions and/or cytotoxic. Furthermore, Re-PNA could be detected in living cells using fluorescent microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Gasser
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Howarth NM, Ricci (née Goujon) J. Synthesis of N-propynyl analogues of peptide nucleic acid (PNA) monomers and their use in the click reaction to prepare N-functionalized PNAs. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.09.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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43
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Gasser G, Neumann S, Ott I, Seitz M, Heumann R, Metzler-Nolte N. Preparation and Biological Evaluation of Di-Hetero-Organometallic-Containing PNA Bioconjugates. Eur J Inorg Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201100734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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44
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Vergnaud J, Faugeras PA, Chaleix V, Champavier Y, Zerrouki R. Design of a new oligotriazole peptide nucleic acid analogue (oT-PNA). Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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45
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Joshi T, Barbante GJ, Francis PS, Hogan CF, Bond AM, Spiccia L. Electrochemiluminescent peptide nucleic acid-like monomers containing Ru(II)-dipyridoquinoxaline and Ru(II)-dipyridophenazine complexes. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:12172-83. [PMID: 22040143 DOI: 10.1021/ic201911f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A series of Ru(II)-peptide nucleic acid (PNA)-like monomers, [Ru(bpy)(2)(dpq-L-PNA-OH)](2+) (M1), [Ru(phen)(2)(dpq-L-PNA-OH)](2+) (M2), [Ru(bpy)(2)(dppz-L-PNA-OH)](2+) (M3), and [Ru(phen)(2)(dppz-L-PNA-OH)](2+) (M4) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, dpq-L-PNA-OH = 2-(N-(2-(((9H-fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonylamino)ethyl)-6-(dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine-11-carboxamido)hexanamido)acetic acid, dppz-L-PNA-OH = 2-(N-(2-(((9H-fluoren-9-yl) methoxy)carbonylamino)ethyl)-6-(dipyrido[3,2-f:2',3'-h]quinoxaline-2-carboxamido)acetic acid) have been synthesized and characterized by IR and (1)H NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. As is typical for Ru(II)-tris(diimine) complexes, acetonitrile solutions of these complexes (M1-M4) show MLCT transitions in the 443-455 nm region and emission maxima at 618, 613, 658, and 660 nm, respectively, upon photoexcitation at 450 nm. Changes in the ligand environment around the Ru(II) center are reflected in the luminescence and electrochemical response obtained from these monomers. The emission intensity and quantum yield for M1 and M2 were found to be higher than for M3 and M4. Electrochemical studies in acetonitrile show the Ru(II)-PNA monomers to undergo a one-electron redox process associated with Ru(II) to Ru(III) oxidation. A positive shift was observed in the reversible redox potentials for M1-M4 (962, 951, 936, and 938 mV, respectively, vs Fc(0/+) (Fc = ferrocene)) in comparison with [Ru(bpy)(3)](2+) (888 mV vs Fc(0/+)). The ability of the Ru(II)-PNA monomers to generate electrochemiluminescence (ECL) was assessed in acetonitrile solutions containing tripropylamine (TPA) as a coreactant. Intense ECL signals were observed with emission maxima for M1-M4 at 622, 616, 673, and 675 nm, respectively. At an applied potential sufficiently positive to oxidize the ruthenium center, the integrated intensity for ECL from the PNA monomers was found to vary in the order M1 (62%) > M3 (60%) > M4 (46%) > M2 (44%) with respect to [Ru(bpy)(3)](2+) (100%). These findings indicate that such Ru(II)-PNA bioconjugates could be investigated as multimodal labels for biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmaya Joshi
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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46
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Patra M, Metzler-Nolte N. Azidomethyl-ruthenocene: facile synthesis of a useful metallocene derivative and its application in the 'click' labelling of biomolecules. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:11444-6. [PMID: 21935541 DOI: 10.1039/c1cc14537a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A convenient synthesis of azidomethyl-ruthenocene and its use in the covalent labelling of amino acids, peptides and a peptide nucleic acid (PNA) monomer derivative by Cu(I) catalyzed azide-alkyne coupling (Cu-AAC, "click chemistry") are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malay Patra
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Bioanorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
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47
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Hüsken N, Gębala M, Battistel A, La Mantia F, Schuhmann W, Metzler-Nolte N. Impact of single basepair mismatches on electron-transfer processes at Fc-PNA⋅DNA modified gold surfaces. Chemphyschem 2011; 13:131-9. [PMID: 21932268 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201100578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Gold-surface grafted peptide nucleic acid (PNA) strands, which carry a redox-active ferrocene tag, present unique tools to electrochemically investigate their mechanical bending elasticity based on the kinetics of electron-transfer (ET) processes. A comparative study of the mechanical bending properties and the thermodynamic stability of a series of 12-mer Fc-PNA⋅DNA duplexes was carried out. A single basepair mismatch was integrated at all possible strand positions to provide nanoscopic insights into the physicochemical changes provoked by the presence of a single basepair mismatch with regard to its position within the strand. The ET processes at single mismatch Fc-PNA⋅DNA modified surfaces were found to proceed with increasing diffusion limitation and decreasing standard ET rate constants k(0) when the single basepair mismatch was dislocated along the strand towards its free-dangling Fc-modified end. The observed ET characteristics are considered to be due to a punctual increase in the strand elasticity at the mismatch position. The kinetic mismatch discrimination with respect to the fully-complementary duplex presents a basis for an electrochemical DNA sensing strategy based on the Fc-PNA⋅DNA bending dynamics for loosely packed monolayers. In a general sense, the strand elasticity presents a further physicochemical property which is affected by a single basepair mismatch which may possibly be used as a basis for future DNA sensing concepts for the specific detection of single basepair mismatches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Hüsken
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Bioinorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
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Ganesh V, Sudhir VS, Kundu T, Chandrasekaran S. 10 Years of Click Chemistry: Synthesis and Applications of Ferrocene-Derived Triazoles. Chem Asian J 2011; 6:2670-94. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201100408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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49
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Hüsken N, Gębala M, La Mantia F, Schuhmann W, Metzler-Nolte N. Mechanistic studies of Fc-PNA(⋅DNA) surface dynamics based on the kinetics of electron-transfer processes. Chemistry 2011; 17:9678-90. [PMID: 21735492 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201003764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2010] [Revised: 03/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
N-Terminally ferrocenylated and C-terminally gold-surface-grafted peptide nucleic acid (PNA) strands were exploited as unique tools for the electrochemical investigation of the strand dynamics of short PNA(⋅DNA) duplexes. On the basis of the quantitative analysis of the kinetics and the diffusional characteristics of the electron-transfer process, a nanoscopic view of the Fc-PNA(⋅DNA) surface dynamics was obtained. Loosely packed, surface-confined Fc-PNA single strands were found to render the charge-transfer process of the tethered Fc moiety diffusion-limited, whereas surfaces modified with Fc-PNA⋅DNA duplexes exhibited a charge-transfer process with characteristics between the two extremes of diffusion and surface limitation. The interplay between the inherent strand elasticity and effects exerted by the electric field are supposed to dictate the probability of a sufficient approach of the Fc head group to the electrode surface, as reflected in the measured values of the electron-transfer rate constant, k(0). An in-depth understanding of the dynamics of surface-bound PNA and PNA⋅DNA strands is of utmost importance for the development of DNA biosensors using (Fc-)PNA recognition layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Hüsken
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Bioinorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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50
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Gale N, Kocalka P, Mardle C, Brown T. PNA HyBeacons for analysis of human mutations related to statin-induced myopathy. ARTIFICIAL DNA, PNA & XNA 2011; 2:79-89. [PMID: 22567191 PMCID: PMC3324338 DOI: 10.4161/adna.18179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Aminoalkyl and alkyne-tagged PNA HyBeacons have been synthesized, labeled with fluorescein via conventional amide bond or triazole formation (click chemistry) and used to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) implicated in statin-induced myopathy. The PNA HyBeacons gave much better mismatch/mutant discrimination than conventional DNA HyBeacons but smaller fluorescence changes on melting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nittaya Gale
- ATDBio Ltd., School of Chemistry, University of Southampton; Southampton, UK
| | - Petr Kocalka
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton; Southampton, UK
| | | | - Tom Brown
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton; Southampton, UK
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