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Mussini A, Uriati E, Bianchini P, Diaspro A, Cavanna L, Abbruzzetti S, Viappiani C. Targeted photoimmunotherapy for cancer. Biomol Concepts 2022; 13:126-147. [PMID: 35304984 DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2022-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically approved procedure that can exert a curative action against malignant cells. The treatment implies the administration of a photoactive molecular species that, upon absorption of visible or near infrared light, sensitizes the formation of reactive oxygen species. These species are cytotoxic and lead to tumor cell death, damage vasculature, and induce inflammation. Clinical investigations demonstrated that PDT is curative and does not compromise other treatment options. One of the major limitations of the original method was the low selectivity of the photoactive compounds for malignant over healthy tissues. The development of conjugates with antibodies has endowed photosensitizing molecules with targeting capability, so that the compounds are delivered with unprecedented precision to the site of action. Given their fluorescence emission capability, these supramolecular species are intrinsically theranostic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mussini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università Degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Eleonora Uriati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università Degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy.,Department of Nanophysics, Nanoscopy, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Paolo Bianchini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università Degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy.,Department of Nanophysics, Nanoscopy, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.,DIFILAB, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università Degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Alberto Diaspro
- Department of Nanophysics, Nanoscopy, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.,DIFILAB, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università Degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Luigi Cavanna
- Dipartimento di Oncologia-Ematologia, Azienda USL di Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Stefania Abbruzzetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università Degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Cristiano Viappiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università Degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
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2
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Liang BJ, Lusvarghi S, Ambudkar SV, Huang HC. Use of photoimmunoconjugates to characterize ABCB1 in cancer cells. NANOPHOTONICS 2021; 10:3049-3061. [PMID: 35070633 PMCID: PMC8773461 DOI: 10.1515/nanoph-2021-0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Accurate detection of ATP-binding cassette drug transporter ABCB1 expression is imperative for precise identification of drug-resistant tumors. Existing detection methods fail to provide the necessary molecular details regarding the functional state of the transporter. Photo-immunoconjugates are a unique class of antibody-dye conjugates for molecular diagnosis and therapeutic treatment. However, conjugating hydrophobic photosensitizers to hydrophilic antibodies is quite challenging. Here, we devise a photoimmunoconjugate that combines a clinically approved benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD) photosensitizer and the conformational-sensitive UIC2 monoclonal antibody to target functionally active human ABCB1 (i.e., ABCB1 in the inward-open conformation). We show that PEGylation of UIC2 enhances the BPD conjugation efficiency and reduces the amount of non-covalently conjugated BPD molecules by 17%. Size exclusion chromatography effectively separates the different molecular weight species found in the UIC2-BPD sample. The binding of UIC2-BPD to ABCB1 was demonstrated in lipidic nanodiscs and ABCB1-overexpressing triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. UIC2-BPD was found to retain the conformation sensitivity of UIC2, as the addition of ABCB1 modulators increases the antibody reactivity in vitro. Thus, the inherent fluorescence capability of BPD can be used to label ABCB1-overexpressing TNBC cells using UIC2-BPD. Our findings provide insight into conjugation of hydrophobic photosensitizers to conformation-sensitive antibodies to target proteins expressed on the surface of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry J. Liang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; and Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sabrina Lusvarghi
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Suresh V. Ambudkar
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Room 2120, Bldg 37, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-4256, USA
| | - Huang-Chiao Huang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD 20742-5031, USA; and Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201-1595, USA
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3
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Li J, Chen T. Transition metal complexes as photosensitizers for integrated cancer theranostic applications. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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4
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Wang Y, Qin W, Shi H, Chen H, Chai X, Liu J, Zhang P, Li Z, Zhang Q. A HCBP1 peptide conjugated ruthenium complex for targeted therapy of hepatoma. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:972-976. [PMID: 31894797 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt03856f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An HCBP1 peptide-ruthenium conjugate (Ru-β-Ala-FQHPSFI) as a potential candidate for targeted therapy of hepatoma was synthesized. Ru-β-Ala-FQHPSFI shows drastically enhanced cytotoxicity and high selectivity for hepatoma cells versus noncancer liver cells. Raman imaging shows that this peptide-based drug can be taken up well by the hepatoma cells compared with the bare ruthenium complex (Ru) and the opposite sequence peptide-ruthenium conjugate (Ru-β-Ala-IFSPHQF). This study presents a new strategy for the construction of tumor-targeting metal-based anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials of MOE, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China.
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5
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Richardson MB, Gabriel KN, Garcia JA, Ashby SN, Dyer RP, Kim JK, Lau CJ, Hong J, Le Tourneau RJ, Sen S, Narel DL, Katz BB, Ziller JW, Majumdar S, Collins PG, Weiss GA. Pyrocinchonimides Conjugate to Amine Groups on Proteins via Imide Transfer. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:1449-1462. [PMID: 32302483 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Advances in bioconjugation, the ability to link biomolecules to each other, small molecules, surfaces, and more, can spur the development of advanced materials and therapeutics. We have discovered that pyrocinchonimide, the dimethylated analogue of maleimide, undergoes a surprising transformation with biomolecules. The reaction targets amines and involves an imide transfer, which has not been previously reported for bioconjugation purposes. Despite their similarity to maleimides, pyrocinchonimides do not react with free thiols. Though both lysine residues and the N-termini of proteins can receive the transferred imide, the reaction also exhibits a marked preference for certain amines that cannot solely be ascribed to solvent accessibility. This property is peculiar among amine-targeting reactions and can reduce combinatorial diversity when many available reactive amines are available, such as in the formation of antibody-drug conjugates. Unlike amides, the modification undergoes very slow reversion under high pH conditions. The reaction offers a thermodynamically controlled route to single or multiple modifications of proteins for a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark B Richardson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Kristin N Gabriel
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Joseph A Garcia
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Shareen N Ashby
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Rebekah P Dyer
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Joshua K Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Calvin J Lau
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - John Hong
- School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Ryan J Le Tourneau
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Sanjana Sen
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - David L Narel
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Benjamin B Katz
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Joseph W Ziller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Sudipta Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Philip G Collins
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Gregory A Weiss
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States.,Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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6
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Zhao YM, Lu QQ, Yao S, Su HF, Liu HJ, Wang ZJ, Wu FS, Wang K. N-Methylpyridylporphyrin tailed with folate conjugate as a potential lysosomal-targeted photosensitizer: Synthesis, DNA interaction, singlet oxygen and subcellular localization. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2019. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424619500445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, great interest has been focused on the use of photosensitizers (PS) for photodynamic therapy (PDT) as safe and effective anti-tumor drugs. As a good lysosomal-targeted drug, folic acid (FA) is highly interesting as well. [Formula: see text]-methylpyridylporphyrin tailed with folate conjugate (Me-Por-FA) was newly designed and synthesized and the structure was confirmed by UV-vis, IR, 1H NMR, MS and elemental analysis. The interaction of this porphyrin with calf thymus DNA was the intercalative binding mode, which was confirmed by ultraviolet and fluorescence spectra, and the binding constants [Formula: see text] was 6.24 × 104 L/mol. The singlet oxygen (1O[Formula: see text] generated by Me-Por-FA was determined by 1, 3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) method using tetrapyridylporphyrin (H[Formula: see text]TMPyP) as a comparison with the following order: H2TMPyP > Me-Por-FA. Stained with LysoTracker[Formula: see text] Green DND-26, Me-Por-FA was mainly distributed over the lysosomes during 4 h, but H[Formula: see text]TMPyP was not. This suggests that Me-Por-FA could be developed as a targeted photosensitizer for precise photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Mei Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P.R. China
| | - Qian-Qian Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P.R. China
| | - Si Yao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Fang Su
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Jian Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Ze-Jiang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Feng-Shou Wu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P.R. China
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7
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Sandland J, Boyle RW. Photosensitizer Antibody–Drug Conjugates: Past, Present, and Future. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:975-993. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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8
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Jakubaszek M, Goud B, Ferrari S, Gasser G. Mechanisms of action of Ru(ii) polypyridyl complexes in living cells upon light irradiation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:13040-13059. [PMID: 30398487 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc05928d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The unique photophysical properties of Ru(ii) polypyridyl complexes make them very attractive candidates as photosensitisers in Photodynamic Therapy (PDT). However, to date, there are not many studies exploring in detail the mechanism(s) of action of such compounds in living systems upon light irradiation. This feature article provides an overview of the most in-depth biological studies on such compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Jakubaszek
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, Paris, France.
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9
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Uno BE, Deibler KK, Villa C, Raghuraman A, Scheidt KA. Conjugate Additions of Amines to Maleimides via Cooperative Catalysis. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brice E. Uno
- Department of Chemistry; Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery; Chemistry of Life Processes Institute; Northwestern University; 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston, IL 60208 USA
| | - Kristine K. Deibler
- Department of Chemistry; Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery; Chemistry of Life Processes Institute; Northwestern University; 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston, IL 60208 USA
| | | | | | - Karl A. Scheidt
- Department of Chemistry; Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery; Chemistry of Life Processes Institute; Northwestern University; 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston, IL 60208 USA
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10
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Almeida-Marrero V, van de Winckel E, Anaya-Plaza E, Torres T, de la Escosura A. Porphyrinoid biohybrid materials as an emerging toolbox for biomedical light management. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:7369-7400. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00554g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The present article reviews the most important developing strategies in light-induced nanomedicine, based on the combination of porphyrinoid photosensitizers with a wide variety of biomolecules and biomolecular assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eduardo Anaya-Plaza
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- Cantoblanco 28049
- Spain
| | - Tomás Torres
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- Cantoblanco 28049
- Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemistry (IAdChem)
| | - Andrés de la Escosura
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- Cantoblanco 28049
- Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemistry (IAdChem)
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11
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Cressiot B, Greive SJ, Si W, Pascoa TC, Mojtabavi M, Chechik M, Jenkins HT, Lu X, Zhang K, Aksimentiev A, Antson AA, Wanunu M. Porphyrin-Assisted Docking of a Thermophage Portal Protein into Lipid Bilayers: Nanopore Engineering and Characterization. ACS NANO 2017; 11:11931-11945. [PMID: 29120602 PMCID: PMC5963890 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b06980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanopore-based sensors for nucleic acid sequencing and single-molecule detection typically employ pore-forming membrane proteins with hydrophobic external surfaces, suitable for insertion into a lipid bilayer. In contrast, hydrophilic pore-containing molecules, such as DNA origami, have been shown to require chemical modification to favor insertion into a lipid environment. In this work, we describe a strategy for inserting polar proteins with an inner pore into lipid membranes, focusing here on a circular 12-subunit assembly of the thermophage G20c portal protein. X-ray crystallography, electron microscopy, molecular dynamics, and thermal/chaotrope denaturation experiments all find the G20c portal protein to have a highly stable structure, favorable for nanopore sensing applications. Porphyrin conjugation to a cysteine mutant in the protein facilitates the protein's insertion into lipid bilayers, allowing us to probe ion transport through the pore. Finally, we probed the portal interior size and shape using a series of cyclodextrins of varying sizes, revealing asymmetric transport that possibly originates from the portal's DNA-ratchet function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Cressiot
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Sandra J. Greive
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Si
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments and School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Tomas C. Pascoa
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Mehrnaz Mojtabavi
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Maria Chechik
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Huw T. Jenkins
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Xueguang Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Aleksei Aksimentiev
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Alfred A. Antson
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Meni Wanunu
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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12
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Dondi R, Yaghini E, Tewari KM, Wang L, Giuntini F, Loizidou M, MacRobert AJ, Eggleston IM. Flexible synthesis of cationic peptide-porphyrin derivatives for light-triggered drug delivery and photodynamic therapy. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:11488-11501. [PMID: 27886311 PMCID: PMC5166568 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02135b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Efficient syntheses of cell-penetrating peptide-porphyrin conjugates are described using a variety of bioconjugation chemistries. This provides a flexible means to convert essentially hydrophobic tetrapyrolle photosensitisers into amphiphilic derivatives which are well-suited for use in light-triggered drug delivery by photochemical internalisation (PCI) and targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT).
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Affiliation(s)
- R Dondi
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - E Yaghini
- UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - K M Tewari
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - L Wang
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - F Giuntini
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - M Loizidou
- UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - A J MacRobert
- UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - I M Eggleston
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
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13
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Wang T, Zabarska N, Wu Y, Lamla M, Fischer S, Monczak K, Ng DYW, Rau S, Weil T. Receptor selective ruthenium-somatostatin photosensitizer for cancer targeted photodynamic applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 51:12552-5. [PMID: 26153573 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc03473f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The efficient conjugation of a ruthenium complex and the peptide hormone somatostatin is presented. The resultant biohybrid offers valuable features for photodynamic therapy such as remarkable cellular selectivity, rapid cell uptake by receptor-mediated endocytosis, efficient generation of (1)O2 upon irradiation, potent phototoxicity as well as low cytotoxicity in the "off"-state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
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14
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Li Y, Wang J, Zhang X, Guo W, Li F, Yu M, Kong X, Wu W, Hong Z. Highly water-soluble and tumor-targeted photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 13:7681-94. [PMID: 26082999 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01035g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Biological uses of photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy (PDT) often suffer from a lack of tumor selectivity; a strategy based on molecule-targeted cancer therapies could provide a promising solution. To synthesize new water-soluble phthalocyanines (Pcs) for bio-conjugation with peptides or antibodies, we developed a method to synthesize asymmetrically substituted Pcs with both high water solubility and one monoamino group for conjugation with biological agents for tumor homing, using folic acid as the ligand model to direct the modified Pcs into target cells. Here, we report studies on the syntheses and characterization of these Pcs. In vitro and in vivo assays prove that the high solubility characteristic can greatly increase the tumor targeting capability of Pcs by reducing non-specific uptake. This newly designed photosensitizer accumulated almost completely in tumor regions, with a negligible signal found in other tissues in the xenograft tumor model. These initial data provide strong evidence of the high specificity tumor targeting of Pcs with folate and tri-glycerol substitutions. Theoretically, the synthesized Pcs could be conveniently conjugated to many other ligands, endorsing the broad applicability of this method for tumor-targeted PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Li
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China.
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15
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Li F, Liu Q, Liang Z, Wang J, Pang M, Huang W, Wu W, Hong Z. Synthesis and biological evaluation of peptide-conjugated phthalocyanine photosensitizers with highly hydrophilic modifications. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:3409-22. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00122j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Highly hydrophilic modification enhances the selectivity of targeted photosensitizer delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Li
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
- Tianjin 300457
- P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology
- College of Life Sciences
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhen Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology
- College of Life Sciences
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- P. R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology
- College of Life Sciences
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- P. R. China
| | - Mingpei Pang
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
- Tianjin 300457
- P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology
| | | | - Wenjie Wu
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
- Tianjin 300457
- P. R. China
| | - Zhangyong Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology
- College of Life Sciences
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- P. R. China
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16
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Pereira PMR, Korsak B, Sarmento B, Schneider RJ, Fernandes R, Tomé JPC. Antibodies armed with photosensitizers: from chemical synthesis to photobiological applications. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:2518-29. [PMID: 25612113 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02334j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Targeting photosensitizers to cancer cells by conjugating them with specific antibodies, able to recognize and bind to tumor-associated antigens, is today one of the most attractive strategies in photodynamic therapy (PDT). This comprehensive review updates on chemical routes available for the preparation of photo-immunoconjugates (PICs), which show dual chemical and biological functionalities: photo-properties of the photosensitizer and the immunoreactivity of the antibody. Moreover, photobiological results obtained with such photo-immunoconjugates using in vitro and in vivo cancer models are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia M R Pereira
- QOPNA and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Huang H, Song W, Rieffel J, Lovell JF. Emerging applications of porphyrins in photomedicine. FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS 2015; 3:23. [PMID: 28553633 PMCID: PMC5445930 DOI: 10.3389/fphy.2015.00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Biomedical applications of porphyrins and related molecules have been extensively pursued in the context of photodynamic therapy. Recent advances in nanoscale engineering have opened the door for new ways that porphyrins stand to potentially benefit human health. Metalloporphyrins are inherently suitable for many types of medical imaging and therapy. Traditional nanocarriers such as liposomes, dendrimers and silica nanoparticles have been explored for photosensitizer delivery. Concurrently, entirely new classes of porphyrin nanostructures are being developed, such as smart materials that are activated by specific biochemicals encountered at disease sites. Techniques have been developed that improve treatments by combining biomaterials with photosensitizers and functional moieties such as peptides, DNA and antibodies. Compared to simpler structures, these more complex and functional designs can potentially decrease side effects and lead to safer and more efficient phototherapies. This review examines recent research on porphyrin-derived materials in multimodal imaging, drug delivery, bio-sensing, phototherapy and probe design, demonstrating their bright future for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyuan Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Wentao Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - James Rieffel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan F Lovell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Zhang FL, Huang Q, Liu JY, Huang MD, Xue JP. Molecular-Target-Based Anticancer Photosensitizer: Synthesis and in vitro Photodynamic Activity of Erlotinib-Zinc(II) Phthalocyanine Conjugates. ChemMedChem 2014; 10:312-20. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201402373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bryden F, Maruani A, Savoie H, Chudasama V, Smith MEB, Caddick S, Boyle RW. Regioselective and stoichiometrically controlled conjugation of photodynamic sensitizers to a HER2 targeting antibody fragment. Bioconjug Chem 2014; 25:611-7. [PMID: 24564170 DOI: 10.1021/bc5000324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The rapidly increasing interest in the synthesis of antibody-drug conjugates as powerful targeted anticancer agents demonstrates the growing appreciation of the power of antibodies and antibody fragments as highly selective targeting moieties. This targeting ability is of particular interest in the area of photodynamic therapy, as the applicability of current clinical photosensitizers is limited by their relatively poor accumulation in target tissue in comparison to healthy tissue. Although synthesis of porphyrin-antibody conjugates has been previously demonstrated, existing work in this area has been hindered by the limitations of conventional antibody conjugation methods. This work describes the attachment of azide-functionalized, water-soluble porphyrins to a tratuzumab Fab fragment via a novel conjugation methodology. This method allows for the synthesis of a homogeneous product without the loss of structural stability associated with conventional methods of disulfide modification. Biological evaluation of the synthesized conjugates demonstrates excellent selectivity for a HER2 positive cell line over the control, with no dark toxicity observed in either case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bryden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hull , Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
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20
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Synthesis, bioanalysis and biodistribution of photosensitizer conjugates for photodynamic therapy. Bioanalysis 2014; 5:1099-114. [PMID: 23641699 DOI: 10.4155/bio.13.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) was discovered in 1900 by Raab, and has since emerged as a promising tool for treating diseases characterized by unwanted cells or hyperproliferating tissue (e.g., cancer or infectious disease). PDT consists of the light excitation of a photosensitizer (PS) in the presence of O(2) to yield highly reactive oxygen species. In recent years, PDT has been improved by the synthesis of targeted bioconjugates between monoclonal antibodies and PS, and by investigating PS biodistribution and PD. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of major developments in PS-immunoconjugate-based PDT and the bioanalysis of these agents, with a specific emphasis on anticancer and antimicrobial PDT.
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Giuntini F, Bryden F, Daly R, Scanlan EM, Boyle RW. Huisgen-based conjugation of water-soluble porphyrins to deprotected sugars: towards mild strategies for the labelling of glycans. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:1203-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob42306a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Fully deprotected alkynyl-functionalised mono- and oligosaccharides undergo CuAAC-based conjugation with water-soluble porphyrin azides in aqueous environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robin Daly
- School of Chemistry
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute
- Trinity College
- Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- School of Chemistry
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute
- Trinity College
- Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Ross W. Boyle
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Hull
- Kingston-upon-Hull, UK
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22
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Sack JT, Stephanopoulos N, Austin DC, Francis MB, Trimmer JS. Antibody-guided photoablation of voltage-gated potassium currents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 142:315-24. [PMID: 23940262 PMCID: PMC3753605 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201311023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A family of 40 mammalian voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels control membrane excitability in electrically excitable cells. The contribution of individual Kv channel types to electrophysiological signaling has been difficult to assign, as few selective inhibitors exist for individual Kv subunits. Guided by the exquisite selectivity of immune system interactions, we find potential for antibody conjugates as selective Kv inhibitors. Here, functionally benign anti-Kv channel monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were chemically modified to facilitate photoablation of K currents. Antibodies were conjugated to porphyrin compounds that upon photostimulation inflict localized oxidative damage. Anti-Kv4.2 mAb–porphyrin conjugates facilitated photoablation of Kv4.2 currents. The degree of K current ablation was dependent on photon dose and conjugate concentration. Kv channel photoablation was selective for Kv4.2 over Kv4.3 or Kv2.1, yielding specificity not present in existing neurotoxins or other Kv channel inhibitors. We conclude that antibody–porphyrin conjugates are capable of selective photoablation of Kv currents. These findings demonstrate that subtype-specific mAbs that in themselves do not modulate ion channel function are capable of delivering functional payloads to specific ion channel targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon T Sack
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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24
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Palanki MSS, Bhat A, Lappe RW, Liu B, Oates B, Rizzo J, Stankovic N, Bradshaw C. Development of novel linkers to conjugate pharmacophores to a carrier antibody. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:4249-53. [PMID: 22664129 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have developed modified maleimide novel linkers with improved chemical stability that could potentially be used in conjugating various pharmacophores such as oligo nucleotides, peptides, and proteins to antibodies to afford novel biologics with well-defined therapeutic benefits and improved pharmacokinetic properties. These linkers expand the array of tools available for bioconjugation of pharmacophores to antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moorthy S S Palanki
- CovX Research, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 9381 Judicial Drive, Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
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Bernardes GJL, Casi G, Trüssel S, Hartmann I, Schwager K, Scheuermann J, Neri D. A Traceless Vascular-Targeting Antibody-Drug Conjugate for Cancer Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 51:941-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201106527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Bernardes GJL, Casi G, Trüssel S, Hartmann I, Schwager K, Scheuermann J, Neri D. A Traceless Vascular-Targeting Antibody-Drug Conjugate for Cancer Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201106527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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27
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Bullous AJ, Alonso CMA, Boyle RW. Photosensitiser–antibody conjugates for photodynamic therapy. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2011; 10:721-50. [DOI: 10.1039/c0pp00266f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Li J, Raabe G, Yang GM, Duan MY, Mele G, Zhang FX. Regiospecific naphthyl nitration of 5,10,15,20-tetranaphthylporphyrin. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.1822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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29
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Zorlu Y, Dumoulin F, Bouchu D, Ahsen V, Lafont D. Monoglycoconjugated water-soluble phthalocyanines. Design and synthesis of potential selectively targeting PDT photosensitisers. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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