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Ebrey T. Brighter than the sun: Rajni Govindjee at 80 and her fifty years in photobiology. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2015; 124:1-5. [PMID: 25739899 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-015-0106-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We celebrate distinguished photobiologist Rajni Govindjee for her pioneering research in photosynthesis and retinal proteins on the occasion of her 80th birthday.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Ebrey
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA,
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Smolensky Koganov E, Hirshfeld A, Sheves M. Retinal β-ionone ring-salinixanthin interactions in xanthorhodopsin: a study using artificial pigments. Biochemistry 2013; 52:1290-301. [PMID: 23331279 DOI: 10.1021/bi301318n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Xanthorhodopsin (xR) is a retinal protein that contains, in addition to the retinal chromophore, a carotenoid (salinixanthin) that functions as a light-harvesting antenna [Balashov, S. P., et al. (2005) Science 309, 2061-2064]. The center-center distance between the two polyene chains is 12-13 Å, but the distance between the two rings of retinal and salinixanthin is surprisingly small (~5 Å) with an angle of ~45° [Luecke, H., et al. (2008) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105, 16561-16565]. We aimed to clarify the role of the β-ionone ring in the binding of retinal to apo-xR, as well as a possible role that the β-ionone ring plays in fixation of the salinixanthin 4-keto ring. The binding of native retinal and series of synthetic retinal analogues modified in the β-ionone ring to apo-xR was monitored by absorption and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopies. The results indicate that the β-ionone ring modification significantly affected formation of the retinal-protein covalent bond as well as the pigment absorption and CD spectra. It was observed that several retinal analogues, modified in the retinal β-ionone ring, did not bind to apo-xR and did not form the pigment. Also, none of these analogues induced the fixation of the salinixanthin 4-keto ring. In addition, we show that the native retinal within its binding site adopts exclusively the 6-s-trans ring-chain conformation.
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Smolensky E, Sheves M. Retinal−Salinixanthin Interactions in Xanthorodopsin: A Circular Dichroism (CD) Spectroscopy Study with Artificial Pigments. Biochemistry 2009; 48:8179-88. [DOI: 10.1021/bi900572b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Smolensky
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Mordechai Sheves
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Singh AK, Manjula D. Bacteriorhodopsin Analogs from Diphenylpolyene Chromophores¶. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2003)0780503bafdc2.0.co2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Singh AK, Hota PK. Development of Bacteriorhodopsin Analogues and Studies of Charge Separated Excited States in the Photoprocesses of Linear Polyenes†. Photochem Photobiol 2007; 83:50-62. [PMID: 16872254 DOI: 10.1562/2006-03-11-ir-844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Development of bacteriorhodopsin (bR) analogues employing chromophore substitution technique for the purpose of characterizing the binding site of bR and generating bR analogues with novel opto-electronic properties for applications as photoactive element in nanotechnical devices are described. Additionally, the photophysical and photochemical properties of variously substituted diarylpolyenes as models of photobiologically relevant linear polyenes are discussed. The role of charge separated dipolar excited states in the photoprocesses of linear polyenes is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil K Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India.
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Karnaukhova E, Vasileiou C, Wang A, Berova N, Nakanishi K, Borhan B. Circular dichroism of heterochromophoric and partially regenerated purple membrane: Search for exciton coupling. Chirality 2005; 18:72-83. [PMID: 16385624 DOI: 10.1002/chir.20222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In order to determine the origin of the bisignate CD spectra of native purple membrane, heterochromophoric analogues containing bacteriorhodopsin regenerated with native all-trans-retinal and retinal analogues were investigated. The data collected for the purple membrane samples containing two different chromophores suggest the additive character of the CD spectra. This conclusion was supported by a series of spectra using 5,6-dihydroretinal and 3-dehydroretinal and by using 33% regenerated PM in buffer and in presence of osmolytes. Our results support the idea of conformational heterogeneity of the chromophores in the bR in the trimer, suggesting that the three bR subunits in the trimer are not conformationally equal, and therefore, the bisignate CD spectrum of bR in the purple membrane occurs rather due to a superposition of the CD spectra from variously distorted bR subunits in the trimer than interchromophoric exciton-coupling interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Karnaukhova
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Abstract
Chromophore-modified bacteriorhodopsin (bR) analogs are prepared, to study the nature of chromophore-protein interaction as well as to develop new bR analogs that can find applications as photoactive element in molecular electronic devices. This article describes the preparation and characterization of hitherto unknown bR analogs based on diphenylpolyene chromophores. Diphenylpolyene compounds, namely, 4-[(E)-2-phenylvinyl]benzaldehyde (1), 3-methyl-5-[4-[(E)-2-phenylvinyl]phenyl]penta-2E,4E-dienal (2), 4-[4-phenylbuta-1E,3E-dienyl]benzaldehyde (3) and 3-methyl-5-[4-[4-phenylbuta-lE,3E-dienyl]phenyl]penta-2E,4E-dienal (4), have been synthesized, and their interaction with bacterioopsin (bOP) has been studied. Whereas aldehydes 2 and 4 interact with bOP and yield bR analogs bR-2 and bR-4, aldehydes 1 and 3 do not yield any pigment. Analogs bR-2 and bR-4 have been characterized for their opsin shift, competitive binding, photochemical properties and fluorescence spectral behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil K Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India.
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Houjou H, Inoue Y, Sakurai M. Physical Origin of the Opsin Shift of Bacteriorhodopsin. Comprehensive Analysis Based on Medium Effect Theory of Absorption Spectra. J Am Chem Soc 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ja973941t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hirohiko Houjou
- Contribution from the Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 2268501, Japan
| | - Yoshio Inoue
- Contribution from the Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 2268501, Japan
| | - Minoru Sakurai
- Contribution from the Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 2268501, Japan
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Brown L, Chamorovsky S. Light adaptation blockage in dehydrated purple membrane does not result from retinal isomerization inhibition. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/1011-1344(93)80053-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lazarova T. Properties of apomembranes treated with sodium borohydride. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(89)87302-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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McCain DA, Amici LA, Spudich JL. Kinetically resolved states of the Halobacterium halobium flagellar motor switch and modulation of the switch by sensory rhodopsin I. J Bacteriol 1987; 169:4750-8. [PMID: 3654583 PMCID: PMC213850 DOI: 10.1128/jb.169.10.4750-4758.1987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous switching of the rotation sense of the flagellar motor of the archaebacterium Halobacterium halobium and modulation of the switch by attractant and repellent photostimuli were analyzed by using a computerized cell-tracking system with 67-ms resolution coupled to electronic shutters. The data fit a three-state model of the switch, in which a Poisson process governs the transition from state N (nonreversing) to state R (reversing). After a reversal, the switch returns to state N, passing through an intermediate state I (inactive), which produces a ca. 2-s period of low reversal frequency before the state N Poisson rate is restored. The stochastic nature of the H. halobium switch reveals a close similarity to Escherichia coli flagellar motor properties as elucidated previously. Sensory modulation of the switch by both photoattractant and photorepellent signals can be interpreted in terms of modulation of the single forward rate constant of the N to R transition. Insight into the mechanism of modulation by the phototaxis receptor sensory rhodopsin I (SR-I) was gained by increasing the lifetime of the principal photointermediate of the SR-I photochemical reaction cycle, S373, by replacing the native chromophore, all-trans-retinal, with the acyclic analog, 3,7,11-trimethyl-2,4,6,8-dodecapentaenal. Flash photolysis of analog-containing cells revealed an eightfold decrease in the rate of thermal decay of S373, and behavioral analysis showed longer periods of reversal suppression than that of cells with the native chromophore over similar ranges of illumination intensities. This indicates that attractant signaling is governed by the lifetime of the S373 intermediate rather than by the frequency of photocycling. In this sense, SR-I is similar to rhodopsin, whose function depends on an active photoproduct (Meta-II).
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Affiliation(s)
- D A McCain
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461
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Hiraki K, Hamanaka T, Yoshihara K, Kito Y. Bacteriorhodopsin analogues regenerated with enantiomers of 5,6-epoxyretinal. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(87)90010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Schiffmiller R, Callender RH, Waddell WH, Govindjee R, Ebrey TG, Kakitani H, Honig B, Nakanishi K. Resonance Raman studies of bacteriorhodopsin analogues. Photochem Photobiol 1985; 41:563-7. [PMID: 4011709 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1985.tb03527.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Muradin-Szweykowska M, Pardoen JA, Dobbelstein D, Van Amsterdam LJ, Lugtenburg J. Bacteriorhodopsins with chromophores modified at the beta-ionone site. Formation and light-driven action of the proton pump. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1984; 140:173-6. [PMID: 6323178 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1984.tb08082.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The binding to bacterioopsin of the all-trans isomers of retinal analogues lacking the six-membered ring and differing in length of the conjugated chain, as well as the light-driven action of the proton pump of the resulting bacteriorhodopsin analogues, were studied. The 'opsin shifts' in these modified bacteriorhodopsins are all around 2700 cm-1 and do not depend on the number of double bonds in the chromophore. These experimental results suggest that the 4800 cm-1 'opsin shift' in unmodified bacteriorhodopsin consists of a contribution of about 2700 cm-1 due to the interaction of the protonated Schiff-base with the counterion. The extra 2100 cm-1 shift in bacteriorhodopsin is due to the specific interaction of the cyclohexene ring and the protein. Only the bacteriorhodopsin analogue with the same number of conjugated double bonds in the chromophore as bacteriorhodopsin itself shows light-driven proton pump action.
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Lanyi JK. Chapter 11 Bacteriorhodopsin and related light-energy converters. NEW COMPREHENSIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-7306(08)60321-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Umadevi P, SHEVES M, Rosenbach V, Ottolenghi M. PHOTOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF ARTIFICIAL BACTERIORHODOPSINS. Photochem Photobiol 1983. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1983.tb03862.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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