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Krajewska B. Chitosan Membrane-Immobilized Urease. Kinetic Behavior in Phosphate Buffer in the pH Range 5.76-8.19. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/088391150001500204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The effect of phosphate buffer on the kinetic behavior of jack bean urease covalently immobilized on chitosan membrane was studied in the pH range 5.76-8.19, and compared with that of the free enzyme in an attempt to elucidate the effects of heterogeneity of the system on its kinetics. The chemical inhibition by the buffer, occurring between pH 5.76 and 7.50, was found to consist of two antagonistic effects: a decrease in the intrinsic enzyme activity and a reduction in the degree of environment-related inhibition. The apparent kinetic constants of the immobilized urease: v xmax., K x M and K i,buffer exhibited both pH- and buffer concentration-dependence, anomalous as compared to the free enzyme: the optimum pH and the pK i,buffer values were displaced toward more acidic pH values, and the p K x M values were leveled off. The anomalies were gradually suppressed by increasing the buffer concentration. The anomalous behavior of chitosan membrane-immobilized urease was accounted for by a combined effect of: a) the increase in local pH on the membrane produced by both the enzymatic reaction and the electric charge of the support, and b) diffusional limitations imposed on substrate and product in the external solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Krajewska
- Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Chemistry, 30-060 Krakow, Ingardena 3, Poland
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Holland-Nell K, Beck-Sickinger AG. Specifically Immobilised Aldo/Keto Reductase AKR1A1 Shows a Dramatic Increase in Activity Relative to the Randomly Immobilised Enzyme. Chembiochem 2007; 8:1071-6. [PMID: 17508367 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200700056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The difference between site-specific and random immobilisation of the aldo/keto reductase AKR1A1 was explored. AKR1A1 was recombinantly expressed as a thioester by the intein strategy. The thioester was selectively modified with a biotin label by the expressed protein ligation method, and subsequent immobilisation on streptavidin templates was performed. Adsorption of wild-type AKR1A1 to streptavidin templates and of biotinylated AKR1A1 to uncoated templates was used to study randomly immobilised enzymes. Investigation of the kinetic parameters revealed remarkably improved activity for the site-specifically immobilised enzyme, which was comparable to that of the wild-type enzyme in solution and 60-300-fold greater than that of the randomly immobilized enzymes. Furthermore, the enzyme was surprisingly stable. No loss of activity was observed for over a week, and even after 50 days more than 35% of activity was maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Holland-Nell
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Brüderstrasse 34, 04103 Leipzig
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Katchalski E, Silman I, Goldman R. Effect of the microenvironment on the mode of action of immobilized enzymes. ADVANCES IN ENZYMOLOGY AND RELATED AREAS OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2006; 34:445-536. [PMID: 4947344 DOI: 10.1002/9780470122792.ch7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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4
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Kovba GV, Egorov AM. Chemiluminescent biosensors based on porous supports with immobilized peroxidase. Biosens Bioelectron 1998; 13:75-85. [PMID: 9519452 DOI: 10.1016/s0956-5663(97)00072-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Combining a sensitive and fast chemiluminescence detection method with novel immobilization methods for horseradish peroxidase (HRP) has enabled us to develop sensitive sensors for hydrogen peroxide and the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). HRP biospecific immobilization was shown to have well-defined advantages in terms of a higher specific activity of the enzyme of the surface and a greater sensitivity in the enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) reaction. The lower detection limit for hydrogen peroxide was 0.025 nmol with HRP immobilized on nitrocellulose membrane through avidin-biotin linkage. An immunosensor for the detection of 2,4-D provides a lower detection limit of 0.2 microgram/l with specific antibodies covalently immobilized on photoactivated nylon. The assay with chemiluminescent detection was also characterized with a wider concentration range when compared with the colorimetric assay.
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5
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Ephraim Katchalski-Katzir. Macromolecules 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/ma960265r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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6
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Hanazato Y, Shiono S, Maeda M. Response characteristics of the glucose-sensitive field-effect transistor. Computer simulation of the effect of gluconolactonase coimmobilization in a glucose oxidase membrane. Anal Chim Acta 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(00)86419-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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7
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Otto PP, Rousseau I, Schmedding DJ, Visser MA. Bio-organic production of chiral ester acids, enzymatic pH control. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1987; 501:188-92. [PMID: 3475014 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb45706.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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8
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A novel procedure for the preparation and characterization of catalytically active fatty acid synthetase immobilized on sepharose beads. J Biol Chem 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)75672-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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9
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Roig MG, Estevez FB, Velasco FG, Cachaza JM. Biotechnology and applied biology section. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0307-4412(87)90147-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Wong JM, Johnston KP. Solubilization of Biomolecules in Carbon Dioxide Based Supercritical Fluids. Biotechnol Prog 1986; 2:29-39. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.5420020107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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11
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Schafer MA, Wilson GS. Spectral and electron transfer properties of Sepharose 6MB-immobilized cytochrome c. J Biol Chem 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)44046-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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12
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Miki M, Kobayashi K, Hayashi K, Tamura M. Immobilization of hemoglobin by radiation-induced polymerization. Biotechnol Bioeng 1982; 24:2587-90. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260241121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
The concentration dependence of the self-association of hen egg-white lysozyme was studied spectrophotometrically at pH 6, 25 degrees C, and low ionic strength within a concentration range of 2.5-50 micrograms/ml. Of several possible mathematical models, an ideal or nearly ideal two-stage model representing an equilibrium between monomers and dimers and between dimers and trimers best describes the data. The dimerization and trimerization constants were found to be 2.5 x 10(-2) and 38 x 10(-2). Dialysis experiments confirmed that the mechanism involves three associating species. A "head-to-tail" contact between the associating sites was inferred from dialysis studies of the effect of indole and imidazole derivatives on lysozyme self-association.
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Arrio-Dupont M, Coulet PR. Role of diffusion of substrates on the apparent behaviour of immobilized malate dehydrogenase. FEBS Lett 1982; 143:279-82. [PMID: 7117533 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(82)80116-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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15
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Ishikawa T, Tamura M, Yamazaki I. A kinetic study on the diffusion-coupled reaction of a basic horseradish peroxidase adsorbed on the carboxymethylcellulose membrane. J Biol Chem 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)70373-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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16
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D'Angiuro L, Cremonesi P, Mazzola G, Focher B, Vecchio G. Preparation and characterization of enzymes immobilized by graft copolymerization to different polysaccharides. Biotechnol Bioeng 1980. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260221105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Lee SB, Ryu DD. External diffusion effects on the kinetic constants of immobilized enzyme systems. J Theor Biol 1980; 84:259-79. [PMID: 7412328 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5193(80)80007-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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18
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Sugar transport in enzymatically active proteinaceous membranes and the application of a sorption theory. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1979. [DOI: 10.1016/0304-5102(79)80057-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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19
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Engasser JM. A fast evaluation of diffusion effects on bound enzyme activity. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1978; 526:301-10. [PMID: 718939 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(78)90122-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
As the kinetic behavior of bound enzymes is frequently affected by substrate diffusion between the bulk solution and the catalytic sites, a fast and simple method is proposed to detect and, subsequently, to remove diffusion effects on measured enzymic activities. The procedure makes use of the effectiveness factor concept and essentially involves the direct determination on two diagrams of the magnitude of both external and internal diffusion limitations. It requires a prior estimation of the volume and external surface area of the matrix, of the substrate external transport coefficient and internal diffusivity, and of the intrinsic Michaelis constant of the bound enzyme. However, it does not necessitate the knowledge of the quantity of bound enzyme. The two basic graphs have been calculated for Michaelis-Menten kinetics. They can also be used to evaluate diffusional effects on two-substrate reactions, as illustrated with previously published data.
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Cho YK, Bailey JE. Immobilization of enzymes on activated carbon: Properties of immobilized glucoamylase, glucose oxidase, and gluconolactonase. Biotechnol Bioeng 1978. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260201011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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21
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Kupriyanov VV, Pobochin AS. Steady-state kinetics of electron transfer through cytochrome chain of uncoupled submitochondrial particles. II. Influence of pH on kinetics of electron transfer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1978; 501:330-48. [PMID: 23159 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(78)90038-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
pH Dependences of steady-state kinetic parameters of cytochrome chains of submitochondrial particles have been studies. It has been shown that the lifetimes of activated states (tau) of the pairs of cytochromes b leads to c1 and a leads to a3 have different pH dependences; those for the c1 leads to c and c leads to a cytochrome pairs being similar. The rate constants for the non-activated state of the respiratory chains decreased for the b leads to c1 pair and increased for the a leads to a3 pair when the pH value was increased. The values of pK calculated from these dependences for the pairs b leads to c1 and a leads to a3 were 7.2 and 8.9, respectively. It has been supposed that the ratio of activated to non-activated electron carriers may be controlled by the local pH value in the mitochondrial membrane, the latter being dependent upon the rate of electron transfer. The kinetic model based on this assumption allows one to explain the experimental dependences on pH of the rate constants for cytochromes b leads to c, and a leads to a3. The values of the diffusion rate constants for H+ and OH- ions in the mitochondrial membrane estimated from these kinetic data obtained in this study were 10(4)--10(5) s-1 and 10(2)--10(3) s-1, respectively.
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22
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[23] Immobilization of bacterial luciferase and oxidoreductase and assays using immobilized enzymes. Methods Enzymol 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/0076-6879(78)57025-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
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23
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Engasser JM, Coulet PR. Comparison of intrinsic stabilities of free and bound enzymes by graphical removal of diffusional effects. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1977; 485:29-36. [PMID: 911865 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(77)90190-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The enhanced stability usually exhibited by enzymes after immobilization may be attributed either to a stabilization effect of the solid matrix on the bound enzyme molecule or to the influences of diffusional limitations on the observed activity. To allow the comparison of the intrinsic statilities of free and bound enzymes a simple graphical procedure for the removal of external diffusional effects of stability curves is described. It is based on the determination of substrate concentration differences between the enzyme micro- and macroenvironment. Application of the method to aspartate aminotransferase bound to collagen membranes indicates that diffusional limitations for oxaloacetate are partly responsible for the observed stability enhancement. Comparison of the graphically obtained intrinsic profile with the stability curve of the soluble enzyme further demonstrate that the binding itself greatly increases the stability of aspartate aminotransferase.
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Malthe-Sorenssen D. Choline acetyltransferase--evidence for acetyl transfer by a histidine residue. J Neurochem 1976; 27:873-81. [PMID: 9488 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1976.tb05149.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Bourdillon C, Barbotin JN, Thomas D. Kinetic studies of an allosteric enzyme under artificial conformational constraints imposed by a tight immobilization into proteic membranes. FEBS Lett 1976; 68:27-30. [PMID: 964376 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(76)80396-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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26
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Amneus H, Gabel D, Kasche V. Resolution in affinity chromatography. The effect of the heterogeneity of immobilized soybean trypsin inhibitor on the separation of pancreatic proteases. J Chromatogr A 1976; 120:391-7. [PMID: 5462 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(76)80016-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
By affinity chromatography, trypsins and chymotrypsins from mouse pancreas homogenates have been separated using soybean trypsin inhibitor immobilized on Sepharose. The effects of the functional heterogeneity of the adsorbent have been investigated in terms of the resolution obtained. Heterogeneity of the adsorbent have been investigated in terms of the resolution obtained. Heterogeneity has been found to originate from the following sources: heterogeneity of the ligand before immobilization; alteration of the ligand by immobilization; and modification of the ligand after immobilization by molecules to be fractionated. Only when the heterogeneity of the adsorbent was minimized could the resolution of closely related enzyme species be achieved. The elution conditions for different enzymes depended on the amount of enzyme applied, as no complete homogeneity could be obtained. In addition, it was found that the adsorbent was partly degraded by the pancreas extract, reducing its fractionating capacity.
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Chantler PD, Gratzer WB. The interaction of actin monomers with myosin heads and other muscle proteins. Biochemistry 1976; 15:2219-25. [PMID: 132185 DOI: 10.1021/bi00655a030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The simplest interacting unit of actomyosin, viz., single myosin heads (subfragment 1) with actin monomers, has been studied at physiological ionic strength, by isolating the actin molecules from each other on a solid support. The interaction is characterized by a binding constant of 10(5) to 10(6) M-1 in the temperature range 4-30degrees C. It is endothermic with a standard enthalpy of 24 +/- 10 kcal mol-1, and a standard entropy of 110 +/- 40 eu. It is thus, like many protein-protein association processes, entropy-driven. Despite the high affinity of the association, which is comparable in its binding constant to that of subfragment 1 with F-actin, there is only very small activation of myosin ATPase. The ionic-strength dependence of the interaction shows unusual features. Binding of the proteins of the relaxing system to the monomeric actin was also examined: troponin binds both in the presence and absence of calcium ions, but neither tropomyosin nor the tropomyosin-troponin complex was found to bind significantly. Monomeric actin has also been examined as a function of ionic strength by spectroscopic methods; it appears that conformational differences between the G and the F state are the consequence of polymerization, and not of the change in ionic strength required to being the conversion about.
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Hung SC, Melnykovych G. Alkaline phosphatase in HeLa cells. Stimulation by phospholipase A2 and lysophosphatidylcholine. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1976; 429:409-20. [PMID: 1260035 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(76)90289-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of homogenates and plasma membrane preparations from HeLa cells with phospholipase A2 (EC 3.1.1.4) caused a 50% increase in activity of membrane-associated alkaline phosphatase. Lysophosphatidylcholine, dispersed in 0.15 M KCl, affected alkaline phosphatase in a similar fashion by releasing the enzyme from particulate fractions into the incubation medium and by elevating its specific activity. Higher concentrations of lysophosphatidylcholine solubilized additional protein from particulate fractions but did not further increase the specific activity of the released alkaline phosphatase. Particulate fractions from HeLa cells were exposed to the effects of liposomes prepared from lysophosphatidylcholine and cholesterol. The ratio of particulate protein/lysophosphatidylcholine (by weight) required for optimal activation of alkaline phosphatase was one. Kinetic studies indicated that phospholipase A2 and lysophosphatidylcholine enhanced the apparent V of the enzyme but did not significantly alter its apparent Km. The increased release of alkaline phosphatase from the particulate matrix by lysophosphatidylcholine was confirmed by disc electrophoresis. The release of the enzyme by either phospholipase A2 or by lysophosphatidylcholine appeared to be followed by the formation of micelles that contained lysophosphatidylcholine. The new complexes had relatively less cholesterol and more lysophosphatidylcholine than the native membranes. The possibility that lysophosphatidylcholine formed a lipoprotein complex with the solubilized alkaline phosphatase was indicated by a break point in the Arrhenius plot which was evident only in the lysophosphatidylcholine-solubilized enzyme but could not be demonstrated in alkaline phosphatase that had been released with 0.15 M KCl alone.
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Engasser JM, Horvath C. Diffusion and Kinetics with Immobilized Enzymes1 1The authors' research and the preparation of this chapter were supported by Grants No. GM 20993 and CA 17245 from the National Institutes of Health, U.S. Public Health Service. IMMOBILIZED ENZYME PRINCIPLES 1976. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-041101-6.50009-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Immobilized Enzymes—A Survey1 1The authors dedicate this article to Georg Manecke on his sixtieth birthday. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1976. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-041101-6.50007-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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Fielding CJ, Higgins JM. Lipoprotein lipase: comparative properties of the membrane-supported and solubilized enzyme species. Biochemistry 1974; 13:4324-30. [PMID: 4370169 DOI: 10.1021/bi00718a013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Bailey JE, Chow MT. Immobilized enzyme catalysis with reaction-generated pH change. Biotechnol Bioeng 1974; 16:1345-57. [PMID: 4429793 DOI: 10.1002/bit.260161004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Thomas D, Bourdillon C, Broun G, Kernevez JP. Kinetic behavior of enzymes in artificial membranes. Inhibition and reversibility effects. Biochemistry 1974; 13:2995-3000. [PMID: 4210192 DOI: 10.1021/bi00711a032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Horvath C, Engasser JM. External and internal diffusion in heterogeneous enzymes systems. Biotechnol Bioeng 1974; 16:909-23. [PMID: 4413393 DOI: 10.1002/bit.260160705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Hinberg I, Korus R, O'Driscoll KF. Gel entrapped enzymes: kinetic studies of immobilized beta-galactosidase. Biotechnol Bioeng 1974; 16:943-63. [PMID: 4606578 DOI: 10.1002/bit.260160708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Kobayashi T, Laidler KJ. Theory of the kinetics of reactions catalyzed by enzymes attached to membranes. Biotechnol Bioeng 1974; 16:77-97. [PMID: 4813165 DOI: 10.1002/bit.260160107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Lasch J. Theoretical and experimental analysis of continous flow enzyme reactor kinetics. II. Diffusion controlled systems. Sphere-like enzyme carrying particles. Mol Cell Biochem 1973; 2:79-86. [PMID: 4764471 DOI: 10.1007/bf01738681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Goldman R, Kaplan A. Rupture of rat liver lysosomes mediated by L-amino acid esters. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1973; 318:205-16. [PMID: 4745318 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(73)90114-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Abstract
From the discussion of electrodes and enzymes herein, and from the accounts of enzyme electrodes that have appeared in the literature, clinical determinations of certain metabolites and soluble enzymes by means of enzyme electrodes seem quite feasible. Such devices may be made highly specific by the use of appropriate enzymes and a high degree of accuracy can be obtained. Instantaneous and continuous determinations can be made from physiological fluids, and undesirable physiologic responses can theoretically be minimized, thus making long-term clinical monitoring a possibility. Enzyme electrodes may also have a useful lifetime and meet other practical requirements.
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Kobayashi T, Laidler KJ. Kinetic analysis for solid-supported enzymes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1973; 302:1-12. [PMID: 4692654 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(73)90002-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Broun G, Thomas D, Gellf G, Domurado D, Berjonneau AM, Guillon C. New methods for binding enzyme molecules into a water-insoluble matrix: Properties after insolubilization. Biotechnol Bioeng 1973. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260150211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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