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Capeillere-Blandin C, Ohnishi T. Investigation of the iron-sulfur clusters in some mitochondrial mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A possible correlation between Rieske's iron-sulfur cluster and cytochrome b. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1982; 122:403-13. [PMID: 6277636 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1982.tb05895.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Niederman RA, Mallon DE, Parks LC. Membranes of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides. VI. Isolation of a fraction enriched in newly synthesized bacteriochlorophyll alpha-protein complexes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1979; 555:210-20. [PMID: 314307 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(79)90161-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Radioactivity eventually destined for the chromatophore membrane of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides was shown in pulse-chase studies to appear first in a distinct pigmented fraction. The material formed an upper pigmented band which sedimented more slowly than chromatophores when cell-free extracts were subjected directly to rate-zone sedimentation on sucrose density gradients. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated that the purified fraction contained polypeptide bands of the same mobility as light-harvesting bacteriochlorophyll alpha and reaction center-associated protein components of chromatophores; these were superimposed upon cytoplasmic membrane polypeptides. The pulse-chase relation was confined mainly to the polypeptide components of these pigment-protein complexes. It is suggested that the isolated fraction may be derived from sites at which new membrane invagination is initiated.
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Bussey H, Saville D, Chevallier MR, Rank GH. Yeast plasma membrane ghosts. An analysis of proteins by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1979; 553:185-96. [PMID: 375979 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(79)90224-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We have examined yeast cell ghost preparations to assess their value in obtaining plasma membrane proteins. Ghosts prepared by two methods involving stabilization of spheroplast envelopes had similar protein patterns by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and approximately 200 proteins were resolved. Spheroplasts were lactoperoxidase iodinated, and recovery of label in ghost preparations was greater than 60%. Spheroplasts appeared to be impermeable to the lactoperoxidase reagents as judged by an examination of two-dimensional gel electrophoretic patterns of ghost proteins that had been iodinated in spheroplasts or in unsealed ghosts. Spheroplasts were also impermeable to pronase proteases. Surface iodination and surface proteolysis allowed us to identify exposed ghost proteins; the major ghost glycoprotein was exposed in spheroplasts. Two-dimensional patterns of ghost proteins were not heavily contaminated (less than or equal to 25% of all proteins) by proteins present in soluble or promitochondrial fractions, and estimates of surface label and total cell protein recovery suggested that the ghost fraction represents a cell envelope enrichment of 8--10 fold over whole cells. Resolution of ghost proteins by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis appears to be a powerful aid toward identifying membrane proteins.
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Satav JG, Katyare SS, Fatterparker P, Sreenivasan A. Study of protein synthesis in rat liver mitochondria use of cycloheximide. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1977; 73:287-96. [PMID: 837942 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1977.tb11318.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
1. The effects of short-term and long-term administration of cyclohexidine on rat liver mitochondrial protein synthesis have been examined and were found to be different. 2. Long-term administration of cycloheximide resulted in inhibition of total cellular protein synthesis including that of mitochondria while, at short-term intervals, 8-10% of mitochondrial protein synthesis was cycloheximide-resistant. 3. The inhibitory effect was also reflected in terms of protein synthesizing ability of mitochondria in vitro, the inhibition becoming apparent at 40 min and showing progressive increase with time. 4. The observed inhibition of mitochondrial protein synthesis by cycloheximide was not due to either inhibition of energy metabolism or alteration of amino-acid pool. 5. Cycloheximide did not enter mitochondria or sonic preparation under conditions in vitro. On the other hand, after administration of [3H]cycloheximide, significant quantities of the label were found to be associated with mitochondria and mitoribosomes. 6. These results indicated that cycloheximide reached the site of action in mitochondria under conditions in vivo but was unable to do so in vitro. 7. The results are discussed to elucidate the possible mechanisms involved in the inhibition of truly mitochondrial protein synthesis by cyclohexamide.
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Skipper N, Bussey H. Mode of action of yeast toxins: energy requirement for Saccharomyces cerevisiae killer toxin. J Bacteriol 1977; 129:668-77. [PMID: 320190 PMCID: PMC234996 DOI: 10.1128/jb.129.2.668-677.1977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the energy status of the yeast cell in the sensitivity of cultures to two yeast toxins was examined by using 12K release from cells as a measure of toxin action. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae killer toxin bound to sensitive cells in the presence of drugs that interfered with the generation or use of energy, but it was unable to efflux 12K from the cells under these conditions. In direct contrast, the Torulopsis glabrata pool efflux-stimulating toxin induced efflux of the yeast 42K pool was insensitive to the presence of energy poisons in cultures. The results indicate that an energized state, maintained at the expense of adenosine 5'-triphosphate from either glycolytic or mitochondrial reactions, is required for the action of the killer toxin on the yeast cell.
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Brown GE, Preston JF. Changes in mitochondrial density and succinic dehydrogenase activity in Euglena gracilis as a function of the dependency on light for growth. Arch Microbiol 1975; 104:233-6. [PMID: 811187 DOI: 10.1007/bf00447329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria from Euglena gracilis strain z grown under strictly heterotrophic conditions have higher equilibrium densities and higher succinate dehydrogenase activities than those grown in the presence of light. There is a consistent trend toward lower mitochondrial density with increasing time of exposure to light. Experiments reported here indicate that the development of dependency upon light for the provision of energy results in the repression of mitochondrial development with respect to both density and enzymatic activity.
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Koritz SB, Wiesner R. Mitochondrial protein synthesis and the stimulation of steroidogenesis by cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate in isolated rat adrenal cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1975; 383:86-92. [PMID: 164244 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(75)90248-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The stimulation by cyclic AMP of steroidogenesis in rat adrenal cells isolated by trypsin treatment was inhibited by D-threo-chloramphenicol and by its L-threo-isomer. The former is an inhibitor of mitochondrial protein synthesis while the latter is not. Both substances, at concentrations which inhibit steroidogenesis, inhibit amino acid incorporation into the proteins of microsomes. Inhibition in other subcellular fractions also occurs depending on the isomer and its concentration. In no case was there a preferential inhibition of amino acid incorporation into mitochondrial proteins. Carbomycin, another inhibitor of mitochondrial protein synthesis, gave similar results. In addition, subfractionation of mitochondria in these experiments revealed no preferential inhibition of amino acid incorporation into the proteins of either the soluble of membrane fractions of this organelle. The above results were obtained at several concentrations of the inhibitors when only partial inhibition of steroidogenesis was present. Both isomers of chloramphenicol inhibited steroidogenesis in a cell-free system to an extent equal to that found with cyclic AMP-stimulated steroidogenesis in intact cells. It is concluded that these inhibitors of mitochondrial protein synthesis have multiple metabolic effects in adrenal cells.
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Gleason FK, Ooka MP, Cunningham WP, Hooper AB. Effect of chloramphenicol on replication of mitochondria in Tetrahymena. J Cell Physiol 1975; 85:59-72. [PMID: 803271 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.1040850108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tetrahymena pyriformis ST (3 X 10-4 cells/ml) was treated with 0.1 mg/ml chloramphenicol (CAP). Cell division ceased after 1.5 divisions with no decreased viability. Total mitochondrial volume and succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) activity/liter increased 1.7-fold and 3-fold, respectively. SDH activity/cell decreased whereas malate dehydrogenase activity/cell and respiratory control ratios and P:O ratios of isolated mitochondria were unchanged in treated cells. During 12 hours of growth in CAP the total surface area of mitochondrial inner and outer membrane was essentially unchanged or increased 4-fold, respectively. Mitochondria from cells treated with chloramphenicol had decreased size, buoyant density and protein:lipid ratio in the membranes. The membrane ubiquinone:protein ratio was unchanged. Tetrahymena cells contained 3.6 X 10-minus 12 g of mitochondrial DNA and 6,800 mitochondria in a volume of 41,000 mu-3. A 4-hour treatment with CAP caused a 4-fold increase in the number of mitochondria/cell and a 10-fold increase in mitochondria/liter in contrast to a 4-fold increase in number of mitochondria/liter in control cells. Thus CAP stimulated division of mitochondria. Individual mitochondria of treated cells had one-tenth the volume of control mitochondria. The rate of increase of mitochondrial DNA/liter was the same in control and CAP-treated cultures. The amount of DNA/mitochondrion decreased 75% in CAP-treated cells due to the rapid division of mitochondria. The cell volume, cell protein content and mitochondrial DNA content/cell decreased with growth of control cultures.
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Linnane AW, Lukins HB. Isolation of mitochondria and techniques for studying mitochondrial biogenesis in yeasts. Methods Cell Biol 1975; 12:285-309. [PMID: 1105068 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-679x(08)60961-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Perlman PS, Mahler HR. Derepression of mitochondria and their enzymes in yeast: regulatory aspects. Arch Biochem Biophys 1974; 162:248-71. [PMID: 4151576 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(74)90125-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Thompson E, Bailey R, Parks L. Subcellular location of S-adenosylmethionine:Δ24 sterol methyltransferase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1974. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(74)90155-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Goffeau A, Landry Y, Foury F, Briquet M, Colson AM. Oligomycin Resistance of Mitochondrial Adenosine Triphosphatase in a Pleiotropic Chromosomal Mutant of a “Petite-Negative” Yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe. J Biol Chem 1973. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)43366-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Tzagoloff A, Rubin MS, Sierra MF. Biosynthesis of mitochondrial enzymes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1973; 301:71-104. [PMID: 4350388 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4173(73)90013-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Gambetti P, Autilio-Gambetti LA, Gonatas NK, Shafer B. Protein synthesis in synaptosomal fractions. Ultrastructural radioautographic study. J Cell Biol 1972; 52:526-35. [PMID: 5009517 PMCID: PMC2108663 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.52.3.526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A quantitative ultrastructural radioautographic study of in vitro protein synthesis has been carried out in rat synaptosomal fractions incubated with tritiated leucine or a tritiated amino acid mixture. Analysis of grain density distribution demonstrated that presynaptic endings are labeled. 30-50% of the developed grains, representing tritiated amino acids incorporated into proteins, were related to presynaptic endings which accounted for 75-77% of the total processes. 34-45% of the grains were related to processes containing ribosomes which accounted for only 4-7% of the total processes. The relative specific activity of these ribosome-containing processes, some of which could be identified as postsynaptic elements, was up to ten times higher than that of the presynaptic ending. These findings indicate that protein synthesis takes place in vitro in presynaptic terminals although to a significantly lesser degree than that occurring in ribosome-containing processes, which, with other nonpresynaptic processes, are at the present time unavoidable contaminants of synaptosomal fractions. Presynaptic endings that in radioautographs contained no mitochondria were labeled. Also, presynaptic endings were labeled after incubation in the presence of chloramphenical which inhibited 20% of the protein synthesis of the synaptosomal fraction. It is concluded that besides mitochondrial protein synthesis, another protein synthesizing system operates in presynaptic endings in vitro.
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Shakespeare PG, Mahler H. Purification and Some Properties of Cytochrome c Oxidase from the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 1971. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)45825-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Luzikov VN, Zubatov AS, Rainina EI, Bakeyeva LE. Degradation and restoration of mitochondria upon deaeration and subsequent aeration of aerobically grown Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1971; 245:321-34. [PMID: 4334349 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(71)90151-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Flavell RB, Woodward DO. Selective inhibition of enzyme synthesis under conditions of respiratory inhibition. J Bacteriol 1971; 107:853-63. [PMID: 5095292 PMCID: PMC247011 DOI: 10.1128/jb.107.3.853-863.1971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
When Neurospora mycelium is transferred from a medium containing sucrose to one containing acetate as sole source of carbon, a preferential synthesis of many Krebs cycle, glyoxylate cycle, and associated enzymes occurs. Respiration was inhibited during preferential enzyme synthesis in the following ways. (i) The amount of aeration (shaking) was reduced, (ii) cyanide was added to the culture, (iii) the carbon source, acetate, was removed, (iv) a mutant strain was starved of its Krebs cycle intermediates, and (v) respiration was inhibited by mutation. The effect of this respiratory inhibition on the synthesis of a number of enzymes was measured. It was found that the synthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-linked glutamate dehydrogenase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase was significantly less inhibited under conditions of respiratory inhibition than was the synthesis of Krebs cycle, glyoxylate cycle, and most other cell proteins synthesized during the adaptation period. This differential inhibition of enzyme synthesis was almost certainly not due to differential repression by regulatory metabolic end product effectors. Inhibition of mitochondrial respiration under these conditions most likely results in a limitation of the energy supply of the cell. Thus, it is suggested that the inhibition of synthesis of most proteins after inhibition of mitochondrial respiration results from a lack of energy in a utilizable form. Possible reasons to account for the relative insensitivity of NAD-linked glutamate dehydrogenase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase to inhibition under these conditions are discussed.
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Kadebach B. Isolation and characterization of a peptide synthesized in mitochondria. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1971; 44:724-30. [PMID: 5123210 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(71)80143-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Jakovcic S, Getz GS, Rabinowitz M, Jakob H, Swift H. Cardiolipin content of wild type and mutant yeasts in relation to mitochondrial function and development. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 1971; 48:490-502. [PMID: 4322761 PMCID: PMC2108117 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.48.3.490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The phospholipid composition of various strains of the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and several of their derived mitochondrial mutants grown under conditions designed to induce variations in the complement of mitochondrial membranes has been examined. Wild type and petite (cytoplasmic respiratory deficient) yeasts were fractionated into various subcellular fractions, which were monitored by electron microscopy and analyzed for cytochrome oxidase (in wild type) and phospholipid composition. 90% or more of the phospholipid, cardiolipin was found in the mitochondrial membranes of wild type and petite yeast. Cardiolipin content differed markedly under various growth conditions. Stationary yeast grown in glucose had better developed mitochondria and more cardiolipin than repressed log phase yeast. Aerobic yeast contained more cardiolipin than anaerobic yeast. Respiration-deficient cytoplasmic mitochondrial mutants, both suppressive and neutral, contained less cardiolipin than corresponding wild types. A chromosomal mutant lacking respiratory function had normal cardiolipin content. Log phase cells grown in galactose and lactate, which do not readily repress the development of mitochondrial membranes, contained as much cardiolipin as stationary phase cells grown in glucose. Cytoplasmic mitochondrial mutants respond to changes in the glucose concentration of the growth medium by variations in their cardiolipin content in the same way as wild type yeast does under similar growth conditions. It is concluded that cardiolipin content of yeast is correlated with, and is a good indicator of, the state of development of mitochondrial membrane.
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Vary MJ, Stewart PR, Linnane AW. Biogenesis of mitochondria. XVII. The role of mitochondrial and cytoplasmic ribosomal protein synthesis in the oxygen-induced formation of yeast mitochondrial enzymes. Arch Biochem Biophys 1970; 141:430-9. [PMID: 4322285 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(70)90159-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Beattie DS, Stuchell RN. Studies on the induction of hepatic delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase in rat liver mitochondria. Arch Biochem Biophys 1970; 139:291-7. [PMID: 5501628 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(70)90480-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Perlman PS, Mahler HR. Formation of yeast mitochondria. 3. Biochemical properties of mitochondria isolated from a cytoplasmic petite mutant. JOURNAL OF BIOENERGETICS 1970; 1:113-38. [PMID: 4274113 DOI: 10.1007/bf01515977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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González-Cadavid NF, Avil Bello EM, Ramírez JL. Differential long-term effects of D-chloramphenicol on the biogenesis of mitochondria in normal and regenerating rat liver. Biochem J 1970; 118:577-86. [PMID: 5488686 PMCID: PMC1179254 DOI: 10.1042/bj1180577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
1. Normal and partially hepatectomized rats (150g) were injected daily with d-chloramphenicol (20mg) for a period of 4 weeks, in order to investigate whether defective mitochondria could be induced in vivo in higher organisms as in yeast, and to measure the degree of inhibition of the mitochondrial function thus obtained. 2. The antibiotic did not affect growth and increased the amount of liver protein without changing the mitochondrial yield. 3. The respiration of isolated mitochondria from regenerated liver (regeneration completed) with succinate, alpha-oxo-glutarate, isocitrate and malate, was decreased in the chloramphenicol-treated rats, whereas in normal liver the antibiotic increased the mitochondrial oxygen consumption with succinate and did not significantly change the respiration with other substrates. 4. Mitochondrial cytochromes and respiratory enzymes were also decreased in amount in regenerated liver from the treated rats and enhanced in normal liver. 5. The protein specific radioactivities of most mitochondrial and microsomal subfractions, 30min after an injection of [(14)C]leucine, were decreased in regenerated liver under the action of chloramphenicol. Conversely, the incorporation of [(14)C]leucine into proteins of most subfractions in incubations of liver slices was enhanced in the case of normal rats treated with the antibiotic. 6. It is concluded that in regenerated liver chloramphenicol induces functionally defective mitochondria by inhibiting their biogenesis, whereas in normal liver the stimulation of respiration and protein synthesis is probably a secondary detoxication response.
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Flavell RB, Woodward DO. The regulation of synthesis of Krebs cycle enzymes in Neurospora by catabolite and end product repression. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1970; 13:548-53. [PMID: 5444160 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1970.tb00959.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Abstract
The mechanism of cytochrome induction in human cells was investigated. Cultured fibroblasts grown in low oxygen had markedly reduced contents of cytochromes A + A(3), B, and C + C(1) as measured by absorption spectra. Chloramphenicol but not cycloheximide or actinomycin blocked the initial increase in cytochrome oxidase activity in cells shifted from low to ambient oxygen, suggesting that initiation of enzyme induction requires mitochondrial but not cytoplasmic protein synthesis or transcription of nuclear genes. Turnover of cytochrome oxidase was demonstrated in cells in stationary phase.
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Beattie DS, Patton GM, Stuchell RN. Studies in Vitro on Amino Acid Incorporation into Purified Components of Rat Liver Mitochondria. J Biol Chem 1970. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)63221-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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36
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Krymkiewicz N, González-Cadavid N. The significance of the incorporation of [14C] leucine into different protein fractions by isolated ox heart mitochondria. Biochem J 1970; 116:269-76. [PMID: 5414100 PMCID: PMC1185355 DOI: 10.1042/bj1160269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The problem of whether isolated mitochondria are able to synthesize specific proteins was investigated, particular consideration being paid to the possible contribution of micro-organisms to this activity. With ox heart mitochondria it was shown that: (1) The medium used for the incubations inhibits the exponential phase of bacterial growth for at least 8h either in the absence or the presence of fresh mitochondria, but the inhibition disappears after 4h when mitochondria damaged by freezing and thawing are used. (2) The incorporation of [(14)C]leucine into total proteins is linear up to at least 8h, although part of the radioactivity at the later periods might be due to some incorporation by resting-phase bacteria. (3) A contamination by as little as 800 cells/mg of mitochondrial protein is enough to contribute substantially to the total radioactivity incorporated by the mitochondrial preparations. (4) Purified cytochrome b and cytochrome oxidase are labelled even under conditions of minimal contamination by micro-organisms (less than 60 cells/mg of mitochondrial protein) and the contribution of bacterial proteins to the radioactivity found in cytochromes is negligible, as shown by double-labelling experiments. (5) At 4h the specific radioactivities of cytochrome b and cytochrome oxidase are seven- and 16-fold lower respectively than that of a structural protein-rich fraction, suggesting that the labelling of cytochromes is due to a residual contamination by these proteins.
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LINNANE ANTHONYW, HASLAM J. The Biogenesis of Yeast Mitochondria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1970. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-152802-7.50010-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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38
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Beattie DS. The relationship of protein and lipid synthesis during the biogenesis of mitochondrial membranes. J Membr Biol 1969; 1:383-401. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01869789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/1969] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Davidian N, Penniall R, Elliott WB. Origin of mitochondrial enzymes. 3. Distribution and synthesis of cytochrome c in rat liver tissue. Arch Biochem Biophys 1969; 133:345-58. [PMID: 5820992 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(69)90463-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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40
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Schatz G, Saltzgaber J. Identification of denatured mitochondrial ATPase in "structural protein" from beef heart mitochondria. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1969; 180:186-9. [PMID: 4239609 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(69)90205-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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41
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Hoober JK, Siekevitz P, Palade GE. Formation of Chloroplast Membranes in Chlamydomonas reinhardi y-1. J Biol Chem 1969. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)83445-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Henson CP, Perlman P, Weber CN, Mahler HR. Formation of yeast mitochondria. II. Effects of antibiotics on enzyme activity during derepression. Biochemistry 1968; 7:4445-54. [PMID: 4387340 DOI: 10.1021/bi00852a041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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