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Rao MA, Del Gaudio S, Scelza R, Gianfreda L. Formation and properties of organo-phosphatase complexes by abiotic and biotic polymerization of pyrogallol-phosphatase mixtures. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:5017-5025. [PMID: 20302357 DOI: 10.1021/jf100080u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the catalytic efficacy of peroxidase and manganese oxide, both commonly present in soil, to catalyze the formation of pyrogallol-phosphatase complexes was compared. The influence of several factors (e.g., the concentration of pyrogallol, the amount of catalysts, the nature of manganese oxide, birnessite, or pyrolusite, the incubation time, and the pH) on the transformation of pyrogallol and the characteristics and properties of the pyrogallol-phosphatase interaction products were investigated. The pyrogallol transformation mediated by both catalysts was very fast and increased by increasing the catalyst concentration. The nature of the catalyst also influenced the size and the molecular mass of the formed complexes. When polymerization of pyrogallol occurred with high intensity, a loss of phosphatase activity occurred, and it strongly depended on the pH at which the process was carried out and the catalyst. In particular, with peroxidase, the phosphatase activity was much lower in either suspensions or supernatants and not measurable in the insoluble complexes as compared to that measured in the presence of manganese oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Rao
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta, dell'Ambiente e delle Produzioni Animali, Universita di Napoli Federico II, Via Universita 100, 80055 Portici, Napoli, Italy
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2
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Paizs C, Diemer T, Rétey J. The putative coenzyme B12-dependent methylmalonyl-CoA mutase from potatoes is a phosphatase. Bioorg Chem 2008; 36:261-4. [PMID: 18667222 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2008.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2008] [Revised: 06/06/2008] [Accepted: 06/10/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The reported presence of a coenzyme B12-dependent methylmalonyl-CoA mutase in potatoes has been reexamined. The enzyme converting methylmalonyl-CoA was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity. Examination of the reaction product by 1H, 31P NMR and mass spectrometry revealed that it was methylmalonyl-3'-dephospho-CoA. The phosphatase enzyme needs neither coenzyme B12 nor S-adenosylmethionine as a cofactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Paizs
- Department of Biochemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 400028-Arany János 11, Cluj-Napoca (Kolozsvár), Romania
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3
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Folk JE, Chung SI. Molecular and catalytic properties of transglutaminases. ADVANCES IN ENZYMOLOGY AND RELATED AREAS OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2006; 38:109-91. [PMID: 4151471 DOI: 10.1002/9780470122839.ch3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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4
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Gianfreda L, Rao M, Sannino F, Saccomandi F, Violante A. Enzymes in soil: Properties, behavior and potential applications. DEVELOPMENTS IN SOIL SCIENCE 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0166-2481(02)80027-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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5
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Jackson MD, Denu JM. Molecular reactions of protein phosphatases--insights from structure and chemistry. Chem Rev 2001; 101:2313-40. [PMID: 11749375 DOI: 10.1021/cr000247e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M D Jackson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health Sciences University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA
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6
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Toscano G, Pirozzi D, Maremonti M, Gianfreda L, Greco G. Kinetics of enzyme deactivation: a case study. Catal Today 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0920-5861(94)80119-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Trembacz H, Jezewska MM. The route of non-enzymic and enzymic breakdown of 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate to ribose 1-phosphate. Biochem J 1990; 271:621-5. [PMID: 1700897 PMCID: PMC1149607 DOI: 10.1042/bj2710621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous decomposition of 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate at pH 5.5 was established to occur as follows: 5-Phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate----5-phosphoribosyl 1,2-(cyclic)phosphate----ribose 1-phosphate----ribose Enzymic degradation of 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate by alkaline phosphatase from calf intestine and by acid phosphatases from potato and Aspergillus niger was found to proceed according to this pathway within the pH range 2.5-7.4 with accumulation of ribose 1-phosphate. In the case of alkaline phosphatase, Mg2+ ions inhibit the pyrophosphorolysis of 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate and stimulate the hydrolysis of ribose 1-phosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Trembacz
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa
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8
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Panara F, Pasqualini S, Antonielli M. Multiple forms of barley root acid phosphatase: purification and some characteristics of the major cytoplasmic isoenzyme. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1990; 1037:73-80. [PMID: 2294973 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4838(90)90103-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The major acid phosphatase form (orthophosphoric-monoester phosphohydrolase (acid optimum), EC 3.1.3.2) was purified from the soluble extract of barley roots. The enzyme is homogeneous on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and moves as a single band of Mr approximately 38,000 in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate. The molecular weight of the native enzyme was Mr 77,600 and 79,000 as determined, respectively, by gel filtration on a Sephadex G-100 column and by density gradient ultracentrifugation. The isoelectric point was about 6.28. The enzyme is competitively inhibited by molybdate (Ki = 9 x 10(-7) M). NaF, Ag(+), Hg(2+), Pb(2+) and Zn(2+) are also inhibitors, while other cations showed no effect. The enzyme hydrolyzes a wide variety of natural and synthetic phosphate esters. In particular, the enzyme seems to be active on ATP, o-phosphotyrosine, o-phosphoserine and glucose 1-phosphate. The pH dependence studies between pH 4-8 using p-nitrophenylphosphate as substrate and diethylpyrocarbonate inactivation indicate the presence of essential histidine residue at the active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Panara
- Istituto de Biologia Cellulara, Università di Perugia, Italy
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9
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Blake RC, Vassall RF, Blake DA. The Michaelis constants of a nonchromogenic substrate may be determined using a chromogenic substrate. Arch Biochem Biophys 1989; 272:52-68. [PMID: 2500064 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(89)90194-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A general method is presented for the determination of the KM and Vmax for a nonchromogenic substrate in an experimental system where a chromogenic and a nonchromogenic substrate compete for the active site of a single enzyme. Entire progress curves of absorbance versus time for the transformation of the chromogenic substrate must be obtained in the absence and presence of the nonchromgenic substrate. Two quantities may then be extracted from the entire kinetic curves: the value of a delta Area, the area bounded by the kinetic traces of absorbance versus time in the presence and absence of the nonchromogenic substrate; and the value of delta t(5%), the time required to transform 5% of the chromogenic substrate in the presence of the nonchromogenic substrate minus the corresponding time required in its absence. The values of KM and Vmax for the nonchromogenic substrate may be obtained from the dependencies of delta Area and delta t(5%) upon the concentration of the nonchromogenic substrate. The ability of this procedure to yield the correct values of KM and Vmax was demonstrated using beta-lactamase, beta-galactosidase, alkaline phosphatase, and 19 chromogenic/nonchromogenic substrate pairs. This method is equally valid in the absence or presence of competitive product inhibition and should be applicable to any enzyme-catalyzed, strongly exergonic reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Blake
- Department of Biochemistry, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208
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Ishikawa T, Otsuki M, Iwatsuki T. Enzymatic Esterolysis of Polymers Containing 2-Biphenylyl Ester Bonds in Side Chains. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1986. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.59.3621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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11
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Mechanistic aspects of the low-molecular-weight phosphatase activity of the calmodulin-activated phosphatase, calcineurin. J Biol Chem 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)66904-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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12
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Martin B, Pallen CJ, Wang JH, Graves DJ. Use of fluorinated tyrosine phosphates to probe the substrate specificity of the low molecular weight phosphatase activity of calcineurin. J Biol Chem 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)95682-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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13
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Ishikawa T, Tanaka Y. Preparation and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Polymers Anchoring Biphenyl-2-ol. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1985. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.58.1182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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14
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Kamenan A, Diopoh J. Purification and physicochemical properties of an acid phosphatase from Dioscorea cayenensis cytoplasm. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/0304-4211(82)90190-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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15
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Ricard J, Noat G, Crasnier M, Job D. Ionic control of immobilized enzymes. Kinetics of acid phosphatase bound to plant cell walls. Biochem J 1981; 195:357-67. [PMID: 7316956 PMCID: PMC1162898 DOI: 10.1042/bj1950357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
When an enzyme is bound to an insoluble polyelectrolyte it may acquire novel kinetic properties generated by Donnan effects. It the enzyme is homogeneously distributed within the matrix, a variation of the electrostatic partition coefficient, when substrate concentration is varied, mimics either positive or negative co-operativity. This type of non-hyperbolic behaviour may be distinguished from true co-operativity by an analysis of the Hill plots. If the enzyme is heterogeneously distributed within the polyelectrolyte matrix, an apparent negative co-operativity occurs, even if the electrostatic partition coefficient does not vary when substrate concentration is varied in the bulk phase. If the partition coefficient varies, mixed positive and negative co-operativities may occur. All these effects must be suppressed by raising the ionic strength in the bulk phase. Attraction of cations by fixed negative charges of the polyanionic matrix may be associated with a significant decrease of the local pH. The magnitude of this effect is controlled by the pK of the fixed charges groups of the Donnan phase. The local pH cannot be much lower than the value of this pK. This effect may be considered as a regulatory device of the local pH. Acid phosphatase of sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) cell walls is a monomeric enzyme that displays classical Michaelis-Menten kinetics in free solution. However, when bound to small cell-wall fragments or to intact cells, it has an apparent negative co-operativity at low ionic strength. Moreover a slight increase of ionic strength apparently activates the bound enzymes and tends to suppress the apparent co-operativity. At I0.1, or higher, the bound enzyme has a kinetic behavior indistinguishable from that of the purified enzyme in free solution. These results are interpreted in the light of the Donnan theory. Owing to the repulsion of the substrate by the negative charges of cell-wall polygalacturonates, the local substrate concentration in the vicinity of the bound enzyme is smaller than the corresponding concentration in bulk solution. The kinetic results obtained are consistent with the view that there exist at least three populations of bound enzyme with different ionic environments: a first population with enzyme molecules not submitted to electrostatic effects, and two other populations with molecules differently submitted to these effects. The theory allows one to estimate the proportions of enzyme belonging to these populations, as well as the local pH values and the partition coefficients within the cell walls.
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Lynn K, Chuaqui CA. A spectrophotometric kinetic assay for acid phosphatases with aromatic phosphates. Anal Chim Acta 1979. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(01)83546-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Woods MJ, Findlater JD, Orsi BA. Kinetic mechanism of the aliphatic amidase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1979; 567:225-37. [PMID: 110350 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(79)90189-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The kinetic constants for hydrolysis and transfer (with hydroxylamine as the alternate acceptor) of the aliphatic amidase (acylamide amidohydrolase, EC 3.5.1.4) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa were determined for a variety of acetyl and propionyl derivatives. The results obtained were consistent with a ping-pong or substitution mechanism. Product inhibition, which was pH dependent, implicated an acyl-enzyme compound as a compulsory intermediate and indicated that ammonia combined additionally with the free enzyme in a dead-end manner. The uncompetitive activation of acetamide hydrolysis by hydroxylamine and the observation that the partitioning of products between acetic acid and acetohydroxamate was linearly dependent on the hydroxylamine concentration substantiated these conclusions and indicated that deacylation was at least partially rate limiting. With propionamide as the acyl donor apparently anomalous results, which included inequalities in certain kinetic constants and a hyperbolic dependence of the partition ratio on the hydroxylamine concentration, could be explained by postulating a compulsory isomerisation of the acyl-enzyme intermediate prior to the transfer reaction.
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19
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McTigue JJ, Van Etten RL. An essential active-site histidine residue in human prostatic acid phosphatase. Ethoxyformylation by diethyl pyrocarbonate and phosphorylation by a substrate. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1978; 523:407-21. [PMID: 656435 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(78)90043-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Human prostatic acid phosphatase (orthophosphoric-monoester phosphohydrolase (acid optimum), EC 3.1.3.2) is a dimeric (alpha 2) protein that catalyses the hydrolysis of phosphomonoesters. Several reports suggest that a phosphoenzyme intermediate is involved in the mechanism of acid phosphatase. Chemical modification studies and trapping experiments were therefore undertaken in order to ascertain the identity of the amino acid residue(s) involved in the formation of this intermediate. Human prostatic acid phosphatase is inactivated by diethyl pyrocarbonate (second-order rate constant of 7 M-1. min-1 at pH 6.2) with an accompanying increase in absorbance at 242 nm due to formation of ethoxyformylhistidyl derivatives. In the presence of competive inhibitors the rate of inactivation is decreased. Inactivation can be partially reversed by hydroxylamine. The pH curve of inactivation indicates the involvement of a residue having a pK alpha of 6.5. Direct evidence for the involvement of a histidine residue in the mechanism was obtained by trapping a covalent phosphohistidyl-enzyme intermediate. Incubation of the enzyme with p-nitrophenyl [32 P] phosphate leads to incorporation of 0.44 mol 32P/mol enzyme. The denatured phosphoenzyme,which was acid labile but base stable, was hydrolyzed in 3 M KOH and the radioactivity was found to cochromatograph with synthetic tau-phosphohistidine on Dowex-1 ion-exchange resin. These results are consistent with a catalytic mechanism involving histidine as a nucleophile in the formation of a covalents phosphoenzyme intermediate.
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Tanizaki MM, Bittencourt HM, Chaimovich H. Activation of low molecular weight acid phosphatase from bovine brain by purines and glycerol. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1977; 485:116-23. [PMID: 199263 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(77)90198-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Low molecular weight acid phosphatase (orthophosphoric monoester phosphophydrolase (acid optimum), EC 3.1.3.2) from bovine brain is activated up to 4-fold by guanosine, guanine, adenine, adenosine, and 6-ethylmercapto-purine. Several pyrimidines and other purines were tested and did not show any activation effect. The rate enhancement induced by purines is uncompetitive and not caused by transphosphorylation to the activator. Using transphosphorylation to glycerol as a probe, it is proposed that the activator binds to one of the phosphorylated intermediates in the reaction pathway. These findings are discussed in terms of the catalytic mechanism of low molecular weight acid phosphatase.
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22
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Van Etten RL, McTigue JJ. pH dependence and solvent isotope effects in the hydrolysis of phosphomonoesters by human prostatic acid phosphatase. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1977; 484:386-97. [PMID: 20964 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(77)90094-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The pH dependence of the human prostatic acid phosphatase-catalyzed hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl phosphate and beta-glyceryl phosphate has been studied over a wide range of pH and the values of Km and V calculated with the aid of the Cleland HYPER program. The pH dependence of Km shows the effect of substrate ionization: pK values of 5.6 and 6.4 are observed as for the respective values of free substrates. The pH dependence of both Km and V for each substrate reveals the involvement of an ionizable group in the ES complex which is ascribed to a phosphohistidine-enzyme intermediate. The small deuterium solvent isotope effects which are observed on V are consistent with values observed for solvolysis of phosphoramidates. The measured data for Km indicates limits on burst-titration experiments of prostatic acid phosphatase (orthophosphoric-monoester phosphohydrolase, EC 3.1.3.2).
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23
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Van Etten RL, Hickey ME. Phosphohistidine as a stoichiometric intermediate in reactions catalyzed by isoenzymes of wheat germ acid phosphatase. Arch Biochem Biophys 1977; 183:250-9. [PMID: 20847 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(77)90438-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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24
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Duggleby RG, Morrison JF. The analysis of progress curves for enzyme-catalysed reactions by non-linear regression. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1977; 481:297-312. [PMID: 870047 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(77)90264-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A procedure, based on the Gauss-Newton method for non-linear regression, has been developed to obtain enzyme kinetic constants from the analysis of progress curve data. Rules are presented which greatly simplify the derivation of the necessary equations. The method has been applied to the reactions catalysed by prephenate dehydratase, acid phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase and has yielded values for kinetic parameters which agree well with those obtained from steady-state rate measurements.
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SCHUBER F, TRAVO P, PASCAL M. Calf-Spleen Nicotinamide-Adenine Dinucleotide Glycohydrolase Kinetic Mechanism. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1976. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1976.tb10945.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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26
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Bittencourt HM, Chaimovich H. Effect of salts on the kinetic parameters and thermal stability of bovine brain acid phosphatase. GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY 1976; 7:173-6. [PMID: 10222 DOI: 10.1016/0306-3623(76)90057-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bovine brain acid phosphatase is inhibited, at any pH, by an increase in ionic strength. The rate decrease is associated at pH 5, with a marked decrease in Km and, at pH 8, with a noticeable decrease in Vm. The rate of thermal inactivation of the enzyme is unaffected by increasing ionic strength up to 300 mM. These results are discussed in terms of interactions at the active site of the enzyme.
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27
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Thompson GA, Meister A. Hydrolysis and transfer reactions catalyzed by gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; evidence for separate substrate sites and for high affinity of L-cystine. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1976; 71:32-6. [PMID: 9080 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(76)90245-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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28
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Bingham EW, Farrell HM. Removal of phosphate groups from casein with potato acid phosphatase. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1976; 429:448-60. [PMID: 4132 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(76)90293-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Potato acid phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.2) was used to remove the eight phosphate groups from alphas1-casein. Unlike most acid phosphatases, which are active at pH 6.0 or below, potato acid phosphatase can catalyze the dephosphorylation of alphas1-casein at pH 7.0. Although phosphate inhibition is considerable (K1=0.42 mM phosphate), the phosphate ions produced by the dephosphorylation of casein can be removed by dialysis, allowing the reaction to go to completion. The dephosphorylated alphas1-casein is homogeneous on gel electrophoresis with a slower mobility than native alphas1-casein and has an amino acid composition which is identical to native alphas1-casein. Thus the removal of phosphate groups from casein does not alter its primary structure. Potato acid phosphatase also removed the phosphate groups from other phosphoproteins, such as beta-casein, riboflavin binding protein, pepsinogen, ovalbumin, and phosvitin.
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29
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Hickey ME, Waymack PP, van Etten RL. pH-dependent leaving group effects on hydrolysis reactions of phosphate and phophonate esters catalyzed by wheat germ acid phosphatase. Arch Biochem Biophys 1976; 172:439-48. [PMID: 4017 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(76)90096-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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30
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Baldijao CE, Guija E, Bittencourt HM, Chaimovich H. Steady state kinetics and effect of SH inhibitors on acid phosphatase from bovine brain. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1975; 391:316-25. [PMID: 1148213 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(75)90255-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
1. Product inhibition studies and transphosphorylation to methanol using two different substrates indicate that acid phosphatase from bovine brain forms a phosphoryl enzyme and that the phosphorylation step can not be rate limiting. 2. Acid phosphatase from bovine brain is inhibited by 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid); this inhibition can be counteracted by inorganic phosphate. Incubation of the enzyme with p-nitrophenyl phosphate in the presence of p-chloromercuribenzoate leads, initially, to a higher degree of inhibition than that found with the same concentration of inhibitor in the absence of substrate. Both the titration by 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) and inhibition by p-chloromercuribenzoate are consistant with the presence of 2 SH groups per mol of enzyme.
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31
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Terada S, Kato T, Izumiya N. Synthesis and hydrolysis by pepsin and trypsin of a cyclic hexapeptide containing lysine and phenylalanine. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1975; 52:273-82. [PMID: 240680 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1975.tb03995.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
1. A cyclic hexapeptide, cyclo(-Gly2-Phe2-Gly-Lys-), and the corresponding open-chain hexapeptides, Gly2-Phe2-Gly-Lys and Phe-Gly-Lys-Gly2-Phe, have been synthesized and their susceptibilities to the hydrolytic action of pepsin and trypsin were determined. 2. The cyclic peptide was hydrolyzed slowly by trypsin to a hexapeptide Gly2-Phe2-Gly-Lys, the value of the Michaelis constant for this reaction being Km equals 0.00022 M. 3. The cyclic peptide was not cleaved by pepsin at all, but Gly2-Phe2-Gly-Lys was hydrolyzed rapidly at a Phe-Phe bond; Km equals 0.0091 M. 4. The cyclic peptide inhibits the hydrolysis of Gly2-Phe2-Gly-Lys by pepsin in a linear non-competitive manner, the value of the inhibition constant being Ki equals 0.004 M.
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32
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Higashino K, Hashinotsume M, Yamamura Y. Kinetic studies of a hepatoma alkaline phosphatase. Arch Biochem Biophys 1973; 158:792-8. [PMID: 4361109 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(73)90573-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Orsi BA, McFerran N, Hill A, Bingham A. Kinetics and the mechanism of action of adenosine aminohydrolase. Biochemistry 1972; 11:3386-92. [PMID: 5066438 DOI: 10.1021/bi00768a011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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35
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The pathway of pepsin-catalysed transpeptidation. Evidence for the reactive species being the anion of the acceptor molecule. Biochem J 1971; 122:249-56. [PMID: 4940609 PMCID: PMC1176769 DOI: 10.1042/bj1220249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
1. The inhibition of pepsin-catalysed hydrolysis of N-acetyl-l-phenylalanyl-l-phenylalanylglycine by the acyl product and product analogues was studied at pH4.3. 2. The acyl product, N-acetyl-l-phenylalanine, gives rise to linear competitive inhibition at pH4.3, whereas at pH2.1 it shows linear non-competitive behaviour. 3. The extent of transpeptidation to N-acetyl-l-[(3)H]phenylalanine during the pepsin-catalysed hydrolysis of N-acetyl-l-phenylalanyl-l-phenylalanyl-glycine is significant at pH4.7, but is undetectable at pH1.3. 4. Both the inhibition and transpeptidation experiments are consistent with the anion of the acceptor molecule being the substrate in pepsin-catalysed transpeptidation. This conclusion supports the formulation of pepsin-catalysed reactions put forward by Knowles et al. (1970).
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The inhibition of pepsin-catalysed reactions by structural and stereochemical product analogues. Biochem J 1971; 122:241-7. [PMID: 4940608 PMCID: PMC1176768 DOI: 10.1042/bj1220241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
1. The inhibition of pepsin-catalysed hydrolysis of N-acetyl-l-phenylalanyl-l-phenylalanylglycine by products and product analogues was studied. 2. Inhibitors of the l-configuration give rise to linear non-competitive inhibition, whereas those of the d-configuration show linear competitive behaviour. 3. Non-competitive inhibition by the product N-acetyl-l-phenylalanine indicates an ordered release of products, which supports a common mechanism (involving an ;amino-enzyme') for pepsin-catalysed transpeptidation and hydrolysis reactions. 4. The differences in the types of inhibition caused by product analogues of the l- and d-series emphasize the stereospecificity of the binding of these inhibitors to free enzyme and to the putative amino-enzyme intermediate. 5. The results suggest that it is the anion of the acyl product that is released first in the hydrolytic reaction (see Kitson & Knowles, 1971).
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Felenbok B. Acid phosphomonoesterase from Phaseolus mungo. Purification and characterization. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1970; 17:165-70. [PMID: 5486578 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1970.tb01149.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Robinson JD. Reaction sequence of the K plus-dependent phosphatase. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1970; 212:509-11. [PMID: 4318597 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(70)90259-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Belfield A, Goldberg DM. Hydrolysis of adenosine monophosphates by acid phosphatases as measured by a continuous spectrophotometric assay. BIOCHEMICAL MEDICINE 1970; 4:135-48. [PMID: 5167444 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2944(70)90090-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Hexum T, Samson FE, Himes RH. Kinetic studies of membrane (Na+-K+-Mg2+)-ATPase. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1970; 212:322-31. [PMID: 4247636 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(70)90213-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Robinson JD. Phosphatase activity stimulated by Na+ plus K+: implications for the (Na+ plus K+)-dependent adenosine triphosphatase. Arch Biochem Biophys 1970; 139:164-71. [PMID: 4319458 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(70)90057-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Tveit B, Svenneby G, Kvamme E. Kinetic properties of glutaminase from pig renal cortex. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1970; 14:337-44. [PMID: 5506174 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1970.tb00294.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Unemoto T, Takahashi F, Hayashi M. Relationship between the active sites of 2',3'-cyclic phosphodiesterase with 3'-nucleotidase activity purified from Vibrio alginolyticus. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1969; 185:134-42. [PMID: 4307679 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(69)90289-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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The inhibition of pepsin-catalysed reactions by products and product analogues. Kinetic evidence for ordered release of products. Biochem J 1969; 113:363-8. [PMID: 4897199 PMCID: PMC1184643 DOI: 10.1042/bj1130363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
1. The inhibition of pepsin-catalysed hydrolysis of N-acetyl-l-phenylalanyl-l-phenylalanylglycine by products and product analogues was studied. 2. The non-competitive nature of the inhibition by the product N-acetyl-l-phenylalanine confirms an ordered release of products, and points to a common mechanism (involving an amino-enzyme) for pepsin-catalysed transpeptidation and hydrolysis reactions. 3. N-Acetyl-l-phenylalanine ethyl ester is also a non-competitive inhibitor, but here the inhibition is of the ;dead-end' type. No ethanol is detectable in reaction mixtures, indicating that this ester cannot act as an amino group acceptor in a transpeptidation process. 4. The same is true for N-methanesulphonyl-l-phenylalanine methyl and methyl thiol esters. No methanethiol is liberated when the methyl thiol ester is present as an inhibitor of the hydrolytic reaction, and the hope that such a thiol ester would effectively trap the amino-enzyme was not fulfilled.
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Peck EJ, Kirkpatrick DS, Ray WJ. Thermodynamics of phosphate transfer in the phosphoglucomutase system. Biochemistry 1968; 7:152-62. [PMID: 4320436 DOI: 10.1021/bi00841a020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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