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Kuznetsova V, Fuciman M, Polívka T. Relaxation dynamics of high-energy excited states of carotenoids studied by UV excitation and pump-repump-probe transient absorption spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:22336-22344. [PMID: 37580966 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02485g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
The excited states of carotenoids have been a subject of numerous studies. While a majority of these reports target the excited state dynamics initiated by the excitation of the S2 state, the upper excited state(s) absorbing in the UV spectral region (denoted as SUV) has been only scarcely studied. Moreover, the relation between the SUV and Sn, the final state of the well-known S1-Sn transition of carotenoids, remains unknown. To address this yet-unresolved issue, we compared the excited state dynamics of two carotenoids, namely, β-carotene and astaxanthin, after excitation of either the SUV or Sn state. The SUV state was excited directly by UV light, and the excitation of the Sn state was achieved via re-pumping the S1-Sn transition. The results indicated that direct SUV excitation produces an S1-Sn band that is significantly broader than that obtained after S2 excitation, most probably due to the generation of multiple S1 conformations produced by excess energy. No such broadening is observed if the Sn state is excited by the re-pump pulse. This shows that the Sn and SUV states are different, each initializing a specific relaxation pathway. We propose that the Sn state retains the coupled triplet pair character of the S1 state, while the SUV state is the higher state of Bu+ symmetry accessible by one-photon transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentyna Kuznetsova
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Marcel Fuciman
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Tomáš Polívka
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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2
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Yin BW, Wang JL, Xue PJ, Zhang TS, Xie BB, Shen L, Fang WH. Understanding the Excited-State Relaxation Mechanisms of Xanthophyll Lutein by Multi-configurational Electronic Structure Calculations. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:4679-4690. [PMID: 37489739 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c00640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The contradictory behaviors in light harvesting and non-photochemical quenching make xanthophyll lutein the most attractive functional molecule in photosynthesis. Despite several theoretical simulations on the spectral properties and excited-state dynamics, the atomic-level photophysical mechanisms need to be further studied and established, especially for an accurate description of geometric and electronic structures of conical intersections for the lowest several electronic states of lutein. In the present work, semiempirical OM2/MRCI and multi-configurational restricted active space self-consistent field methods were performed to optimize the minima and conical intersections in and between the 1Ag-, 2Ag-, 1Bu+, and 1Bu- states. Meanwhile, the relative energies were refined by MS-CASPT2(10,8)/6-31G*, which can reproduce correct electronic state properties as those in the spectroscopic experiments. Based on the above calculation results, we proposed a possible excited-state relaxation mechanism for lutein from its initially populated 1Bu+ state. Once excited to the optically bright 1Bu+ state, the system will propagate along the key reaction coordinate, i.e., the stretching vibration of the conjugated carbon chain. During this period of time, the 1Bu- state will participate in and forms a resonance state between the 1Bu- and 1Bu+ states. Later, the system will rapidly hop to the 2Ag- state via the 1Bu+/2Ag- conical intersection. Finally, the lutein molecule will survive in the 2Ag- state for a relatively long time before it internally converts to the ground state directly or via a twisted S1/S0 conical intersection. Notably, though the photophysical picture may be very different in solvents and proteins, the current theoretical study proposed a promising calculation protocol and also provided many valuable mechanistic insights for lutein and similar carotenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Wen Yin
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, 1108 Gengwen Road, Hangzhou 311231 Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jie-Lei Wang
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, 1108 Gengwen Road, Hangzhou 311231 Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Pu-Jie Xue
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Teng-Shuo Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Bin-Bin Xie
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, 1108 Gengwen Road, Hangzhou 311231 Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Lin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Hai Fang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
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3
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Khokhlov D, Belov A. Low-Lying Excited States of Natural Carotenoids Viewed by Ab Initio Methods. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:4376-4391. [PMID: 35767689 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c02485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Low-lying excited states of carotenoids (the optically dark 2Ag- and bright 1Bu+) are deeply involved in energy transfer processes in photosynthetic antennas, such as light harvesting and non-photochemical quenching. Though any ab initio modeling of these phenomena has to rely on precise energies of the carotenoid electronic states, the accurate evaluation of these states remains a challenging problem due to their different natures. The paper aims to study the accuracy of the excitation energies of the low-lying excited states of certain open- and closed-chain carotenoids obtained by a state-of-the-art multireference approach for electronic structure calculation. Here, density matrix renormalization group SCF (DMRGSCF) and a perturbative approach based on driven similarity renormalization group second-order multireference perturbation theory (DSRG-MRPT2) were used to treat the static and dynamic correlation, respectively. Nuclear geometries of the electronic states were optimized with DFT-based approaches. It is demonstrated that spin-flip TD-DFT can replace multiconfigurational methods for the geometry optimization of the 2Ag- state but not for the calculation of the excitation energy. Adiabatic excitation energies to the 1Bu+ state were shown to be within a margin of 1000 cm-1 with an appropriate flow parameter value. Adiabatic excitation energies to the 2Ag- state for the open-chain carotenoids lie within a range of experimental values (taking into account the broad range of experimental estimates); for the closed-chain ones, the error does not exceed 2000 cm-1. Ab initio stationary (1Ag- → 1Bu+) and transient (2Ag- → 1Bu+) absorption spectra were modeled for violaxanthin and lycopene, and these spectra showed good agreement with the experimental ones both in terms of the vibronic structure and the transition energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniil Khokhlov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Aleksandr Belov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
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4
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Sutherland GA, Qian P, Hunter CN, Swainsbury DJ, Hitchcock A. Engineering purple bacterial carotenoid biosynthesis to study the roles of carotenoids in light-harvesting complexes. Methods Enzymol 2022; 674:137-184. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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5
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Khokhlov D, Belov A. Ab Initio Study of Low-Lying Excited States of Carotenoid-Derived Polyenes. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:5790-5803. [PMID: 32573233 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c01678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge about excited states of carotenoids is essential for understanding photophysical processes underlying photosynthesis. However, due to the presence of a large number of optically dark states, experimental study of the excited-state manifold is limited to a significant extent. In this paper, we apply high-level ab initio quantum chemical methods to study the low-lying excited states of polyenes containing from 8 to 13 conjugated double bonds, which serve as a model for natural carotenoids. Vertical and adiabatic excitation energies from the ground 1Ag- state to the excited 2Ag-, 1Bu+, and 1Bu- states were evaluated by means of density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) with NEVPT2 perturbative correction. The energies of all excited states are highly sensitive to nuclear geometry, especially the 2Ag- state. Thus, the 2Ag- and 1Bu+ states interchange their relative positions upon geometry relaxation, while the vertical excitation energy to the 2Ag- state is rather high. At the same time, the 1Bu- state energy is shown to be higher than other studied excited states at any geometry. With relaxed geometries of the excited states, absorption and transient absorption spectra were calculated within the Franck-Condon approximation bridging the gap between experimental spectroscopic data and computational results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniil Khokhlov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Aleksandr Belov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
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6
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A photosynthetic antenna complex foregoes unity carotenoid-to-bacteriochlorophyll energy transfer efficiency to ensure photoprotection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:6502-6508. [PMID: 32139606 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1920923117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids play a number of important roles in photosynthesis, primarily providing light-harvesting and photoprotective energy dissipation functions within pigment-protein complexes. The carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) conjugation length of carotenoids (N), generally between 9 and 15, determines the carotenoid-to-(bacterio)chlorophyll [(B)Chl] energy transfer efficiency. Here we purified and spectroscopically characterized light-harvesting complex 2 (LH2) from Rhodobacter sphaeroides containing the N = 7 carotenoid zeta (ζ)-carotene, not previously incorporated within a natural antenna complex. Transient absorption and time-resolved fluorescence show that, relative to the lifetime of the S1 state of ζ-carotene in solvent, the lifetime decreases ∼250-fold when ζ-carotene is incorporated within LH2, due to transfer of excitation energy to the B800 and B850 BChls a These measurements show that energy transfer proceeds with an efficiency of ∼100%, primarily via the S1 → Qx route because the S1 → S0 fluorescence emission of ζ-carotene overlaps almost perfectly with the Qx absorption band of the BChls. However, transient absorption measurements performed on microsecond timescales reveal that, unlike the native N ≥ 9 carotenoids normally utilized in light-harvesting complexes, ζ-carotene does not quench excited triplet states of BChl a, likely due to elevation of the ζ-carotene triplet energy state above that of BChl a These findings provide insights into the coevolution of photosynthetic pigments and pigment-protein complexes. We propose that the N ≥ 9 carotenoids found in light-harvesting antenna complexes represent a vital compromise that retains an acceptable level of energy transfer from carotenoids to (B)Chls while allowing acquisition of a new, essential function, namely, photoprotective quenching of harmful (B)Chl triplets.
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8
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Llansola-Portoles MJ, Redeckas K, Streckaité S, Ilioaia C, Pascal AA, Telfer A, Vengris M, Valkunas L, Robert B. Lycopene crystalloids exhibit singlet exciton fission in tomatoes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018. [PMID: 29537023 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp08460a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Transient absorption studies conducted on in vitro lycopene aggregates, as well as on lycopene crystalloids inside tomato chromoplasts, reveal the appearance of a long-lived excited state, which we unambiguously identified as lycopene triplet. These triplet states must be generated by singlet exciton fission, which occurs from the lycopene 2Ag state. This is the first time the singlet fission process has ever been shown to occur in a biological material. We propose that the formation of carotenoid assemblies in chromoplasts may constitute a photoprotective process during chromoplast maturation, in addition to their function in signaling processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Llansola-Portoles
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, F-91198, France.
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9
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Thyrhaug E, Lincoln CN, Branchi F, Cerullo G, Perlík V, Šanda F, Lokstein H, Hauer J. Carotenoid-to-bacteriochlorophyll energy transfer through vibronic coupling in LH2 from Phaeosprillum molischianum. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2018; 135:45-54. [PMID: 28523607 PMCID: PMC5783993 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-017-0398-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The peripheral light-harvesting antenna complex (LH2) of purple photosynthetic bacteria is an ideal testing ground for models of structure-function relationships due to its well-determined molecular structure and ultrafast energy deactivation. It has been the target for numerous studies in both theory and ultrafast spectroscopy; nevertheless, certain aspects of the convoluted relaxation network of LH2 lack a satisfactory explanation by conventional theories. For example, the initial carotenoid-to-bacteriochlorophyll energy transfer step necessary on visible light excitation was long considered to follow the Förster mechanism, even though transfer times as short as 40 femtoseconds (fs) have been observed. Such transfer times are hard to accommodate by Förster theory, as the moderate coupling strengths found in LH2 suggest much slower transfer within this framework. In this study, we investigate LH2 from Phaeospirillum (Ph.) molischianum in two types of transient absorption experiments-with narrowband pump and white-light probe resulting in 100 fs time resolution, and with degenerate broadband 10 fs pump and probe pulses. With regard to the split Qx band in this system, we show that vibronically mediated transfer explains both the ultrafast carotenoid-to-B850 transfer, and the almost complete lack of transfer to B800. These results are beyond Förster theory, which predicts an almost equal partition between the two channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erling Thyrhaug
- Photonics Institute, TU Wien, Gußhausstraße 27, 1040, Vienna, Austria
| | - Craig N Lincoln
- Photonics Institute, TU Wien, Gußhausstraße 27, 1040, Vienna, Austria
| | - Federico Branchi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, IFN-CNR, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci, 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Cerullo
- Dipartimento di Fisica, IFN-CNR, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci, 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Václav Perlík
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, 12116, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - František Šanda
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, 12116, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Heiko Lokstein
- Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, 12116, Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jürgen Hauer
- Photonics Institute, TU Wien, Gußhausstraße 27, 1040, Vienna, Austria.
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10
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A new energy transfer channel from carotenoids to chlorophylls in purple bacteria. Nat Commun 2017; 8:71. [PMID: 28694423 PMCID: PMC5504074 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00120-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It is unclear whether there is an intermediate dark state between the S2 and S1 states of carotenoids. Previous two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy measurements support its existence and its involvement in the energy transfer from carotenoids to chlorophylls, but there is still considerable debate on the origin of this dark state and how it regulates the energy transfer process. Here we use ab initio calculations on excited-state dynamics and simulated two-dimensional electronic spectrum of carotenoids from purple bacteria to provide evidence supporting that the dark state may be assigned to a new Ag+ state. Our calculations also indicate that groups on the conjugation backbone of carotenoids may substantially affect the excited-state levels and the energy transfer process. These results contribute to a better understanding of carotenoid excited states. Carotenoids harvest energy from light and transfer it to chlorophylls during photosynthesis. Here, Feng et al. perform ab initio calculations on excited-state dynamics and simulated 2D electronic spectrum of carotenoids, supporting the existence of a new excited state in carotenoids.
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11
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Niedzwiedzki DM, Dilbeck PL, Tang Q, Martin EC, Bocian DF, Hunter CN, Holten D. New insights into the photochemistry of carotenoid spheroidenone in light-harvesting complex 2 from the purple bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2017; 131:291-304. [PMID: 27854005 PMCID: PMC5313593 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-016-0322-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Light-harvesting complex 2 (LH2) from the semi-aerobically grown purple phototrophic bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides was studied using optical (static and time-resolved) and resonance Raman spectroscopies. This antenna complex comprises bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) a and the carotenoid spheroidenone, a ketolated derivative of spheroidene. The results indicate that the spheroidenone-LH2 complex contains two spectral forms of the carotenoid: (1) a minor, "blue" form with an S2 (11B u+ ) spectral origin band at 522 nm, shifted from the position in organic media simply by the high polarizability of the binding site, and (2) the major, "red" form with the origin band at 562 nm that is associated with a pool of pigments that more strongly interact with protein residues, most likely via hydrogen bonding. Application of targeted modeling of excited-state decay pathways after carotenoid excitation suggests that the high (92%) carotenoid-to-BChl energy transfer efficiency in this LH2 system, relative to LH2 complexes binding carotenoids with comparable double-bond conjugation lengths, derives mainly from resonance energy transfer from spheroidenone S2 (11B u+ ) state to BChl a via the Qx state of the latter, accounting for 60% of the total transfer. The elevated S2 (11B u+ ) → Qx transfer efficiency is apparently associated with substantially decreased energy gap (increased spectral overlap) between the virtual S2 (11B u+ ) → S0 (11A g- ) carotenoid emission and Qx absorption of BChl a. This reduced energetic gap is the ultimate consequence of strong carotenoid-protein interactions, including the inferred hydrogen bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz M Niedzwiedzki
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
- Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, Campus Box 1138, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
| | - Preston L Dilbeck
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Qun Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Martin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - David F Bocian
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - C Neil Hunter
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Dewey Holten
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
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Dilbeck PL, Tang Q, Mothersole DJ, Martin EC, Hunter CN, Bocian DF, Holten D, Niedzwiedzki DM. Quenching Capabilities of Long-Chain Carotenoids in Light-Harvesting-2 Complexes from Rhodobacter sphaeroides with an Engineered Carotenoid Synthesis Pathway. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:5429-43. [PMID: 27285777 PMCID: PMC4921951 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b03305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Six light-harvesting-2 complexes
(LH2) from genetically modified
strains of the purple photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter
(Rb.) sphaeroides were studied using static and ultrafast
optical methods and resonance Raman spectroscopy. These strains were
engineered to incorporate carotenoids for which the number of conjugated
groups (N = NC=C + NC=O) varies from 9 to 15.
The Rb. sphaeroides strains incorporate their native
carotenoids spheroidene (N = 10) and spheroidenone
(N = 11), as well as longer-chain analogues including
spirilloxanthin (N = 13) and diketospirilloxantion
(N = 15) normally found in Rhodospirillum
rubrum. Measurements of the properties of the carotenoid
first singlet excited state (S1) in antennas from the Rb. sphaeroides set show that carotenoid-bacteriochlorophyll a (BChl a) interactions are similar to
those in LH2 complexes from various other bacterial species and thus
are not significantly impacted by differences in polypeptide composition.
Instead, variations in carotenoid-to-BChl a energy
transfer are primarily regulated by the N-determined
energy of the carotenoid S1 excited state, which for long-chain
(N ≥ 13) carotenoids is not involved in energy
transfer. Furthermore, the role of the long-chain carotenoids switches
from a light-harvesting supporter (via energy transfer to BChl a) to a quencher of the BChl a S1 excited state B850*. This quenching is manifested as a substantial
(∼2-fold) reduction of the B850* lifetime and the B850* fluorescence
quantum yield for LH2 housing the longest carotenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qun Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside , Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - David J Mothersole
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield , Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth C Martin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield , Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - C Neil Hunter
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield , Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - David F Bocian
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside , Riverside, California 92521, United States
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Magdaong NCM, Niedzwiedzki DM, Goodson C, Blankenship RE. Carotenoid-to-Bacteriochlorophyll Energy Transfer in the LH1–RC Core Complex of a Bacteriochlorophyll b Containing Purple Photosynthetic Bacterium Blastochloris viridis. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:5159-71. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b04307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikki Cecil M. Magdaong
- Department
of Biology, Washington University in Saint Louis, One Brookings
Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130 United States
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in Saint Louis, One Brookings Drive, St.
Louis, Missouri 63130 United States
- Photosynthetic
Antenna Research Center, Washington University in Saint Louis, One Brookings
Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130 United States
| | - Dariusz M. Niedzwiedzki
- Photosynthetic
Antenna Research Center, Washington University in Saint Louis, One Brookings
Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130 United States
| | - Carrie Goodson
- Department
of Biology, Washington University in Saint Louis, One Brookings
Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130 United States
| | - Robert E. Blankenship
- Department
of Biology, Washington University in Saint Louis, One Brookings
Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130 United States
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in Saint Louis, One Brookings Drive, St.
Louis, Missouri 63130 United States
- Photosynthetic
Antenna Research Center, Washington University in Saint Louis, One Brookings
Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130 United States
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Bot F, Anese M, Lemos MA, Hungerford G. Use of time-resolved spectroscopy as a method to monitor carotenoids present in tomato extract obtained using ultrasound treatment. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2016; 27:32-40. [PMID: 26289117 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Compounds exhibiting antioxidant activity have received much interest in the food industry because of their potential health benefits. Carotenoids such as lycopene, which in the human diet mainly derives from tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum), have attracted much attention in this aspect and the study of their extraction, processing and storage procedures is of importance. Optical techniques potentially offer advantageous non-invasive and specific methods to monitor them. OBJECTIVES To obtain both fluorescence and Raman information to ascertain if ultrasound assisted extraction from tomato pulp has a detrimental effect on lycopene. METHOD Use of time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy to monitor carotenoids in a hexane extract obtained from tomato pulp with application of ultrasound treatment (583 kHz). The resultant spectra were a combination of scattering and fluorescence. Because of their different timescales, decay associated spectra could be used to separate fluorescence and Raman information. This simultaneous acquisition of two complementary techniques was coupled with a very high time-resolution fluorescence lifetime measurement of the lycopene. RESULTS Spectroscopic data showed the presence of phytofluene and chlorophyll in addition to lycopene in the tomato extract. The time-resolved spectral measurement containing both fluorescence and Raman data, coupled with high resolution time-resolved measurements, where a lifetime of ~5 ps was attributed to lycopene, indicated lycopene appeared unaltered by ultrasound treatment. Detrimental changes were, however, observed in both chlorophyll and phytofluene contributions. CONCLUSION Extracted lycopene appeared unaffected by ultrasound treatment, while other constituents (chlorophyll and phytofluene) were degraded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bot
- Department of Food Science, University of Udine, Via Sondrio 2/A, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Monica Anese
- Department of Food Science, University of Udine, Via Sondrio 2/A, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - M Adília Lemos
- Food and Life Sciences, School of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of Abertay Dundee, Bell Street, Dundee, DD1 1HG, UK
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Lemos MA, Sárniková K, Bot F, Anese M, Hungerford G. Use of Time-Resolved Fluorescence to Monitor Bioactive Compounds in Plant Based Foodstuffs. BIOSENSORS 2015; 5:367-97. [PMID: 26132136 PMCID: PMC4600163 DOI: 10.3390/bios5030367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The study of compounds that exhibit antioxidant activity has recently received much interest in the food industry because of their potential health benefits. Most of these compounds are plant based, such as polyphenolics and carotenoids, and there is a need to monitor them from the field through processing and into the body. Ideally, a monitoring technique should be non-invasive with the potential for remote capabilities. The application of the phenomenon of fluorescence has proved to be well suited, as many plant associated compounds exhibit fluorescence. The photophysical behaviour of fluorescent molecules is also highly dependent on their microenvironment, making them suitable probes to monitor changes in pH, viscosity and polarity, for example. Time-resolved fluorescence techniques have recently come to the fore, as they offer the ability to obtain more information, coupled with the fact that the fluorescence lifetime is an absolute measure, while steady state just provides relative and average information. In this work, we will present illustrative time-resolved measurements, rather than a comprehensive review, to show the potential of time-resolved fluorescence applied to the study of bioactive substances. The aim is to help assess if any changes occur in their form, going from extraction via storage and cooking to the interaction with serum albumin, a principal blood transport protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Adília Lemos
- Food & Life Sciences, School of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of Abertay Dundee, Bell Street, Dundee DD1 1HG, UK.
| | - Katarína Sárniková
- Food & Life Sciences, School of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of Abertay Dundee, Bell Street, Dundee DD1 1HG, UK.
| | - Francesca Bot
- Department of Food Science, University of Udine, Via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Monica Anese
- Department of Food Science, University of Udine, Via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
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16
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Niedzwiedzki DM, Dilbeck PL, Tang Q, Mothersole DJ, Martin EC, Bocian DF, Holten D, Hunter CN. Functional characteristics of spirilloxanthin and keto-bearing Analogues in light-harvesting LH2 complexes from Rhodobacter sphaeroides with a genetically modified carotenoid synthesis pathway. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2015; 1847:640-55. [PMID: 25871644 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Light-harvesting 2 (LH2) complexes from a genetically modified strain of the purple photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter (Rba.) sphaeroides were studied using static and ultrafast optical methods and resonance Raman spectroscopy. Carotenoid synthesis in the Rba. sphaeroides strain was engineered to redirect carotenoid production away from spheroidene into the spirilloxanthin synthesis pathway. The strain assembles LH2 antennas with substantial amounts of spirilloxanthin (total double-bond conjugation length N=13) if grown anaerobically and of keto-bearing long-chain analogs [2-ketoanhydrorhodovibrin (N=13), 2-ketospirilloxanthin (N=14) and 2,2'-diketospirilloxanthin (N=15)] if grown semi-aerobically (with ratios that depend on growth conditions). We present the photophysical, electronic, and vibrational properties of these carotenoids, both isolated in organic media and assembled within LH2 complexes. Measurements of excited-state energy transfer to the array of excitonically coupled bacteriochlorophyll a molecules (B850) show that the mean lifetime of the first singlet excited state (S1) of the long-chain (N≥13) carotenoids does not change appreciably between organic media and the protein environment. In each case, the S1 state appears to lie lower in energy than that of B850. The energy-transfer yield is ~0.4 in LH2 (from the strain grown aerobically or semi-aerobically), which is less than half that achieved for LH2 that contains short-chain (N≤11) analogues. Collectively, the results suggest that the S1 excited state of the long-chain (N≥13) carotenoids participates little if at all in carotenoid-to-BChl a energy transfer, which occurs predominantly via the carotenoid S2 excited state in these antennas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz M Niedzwiedzki
- Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
| | - Preston L Dilbeck
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Qun Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - David J Mothersole
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Elizabeth C Martin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - David F Bocian
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Dewey Holten
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - C Neil Hunter
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
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17
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Fuciman M, Keşan G, LaFountain AM, Frank HA, Polívka T. Tuning the spectroscopic properties of aryl carotenoids by slight changes in structure. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:1457-67. [PMID: 25558974 DOI: 10.1021/jp512354r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Two carotenoids with aryl rings were studied by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy and theoretical computational methods, and the results were compared with those obtained from their nonaryl counterpart, β-carotene. Although isorenieratene has more conjugated C═C bonds than β-carotene, its effective conjugation length, Neff, is shorter than of β-carotene. This is evidenced by a longer S1 lifetime and higher S1 energy of isorenieratene compared to the values for β-carotene. On the other hand, although isorenieratene and renierapurpurin have the same π-electron conjugated chain structure, Neff is different for these two carotenoids. The S1 lifetime of renierapurpurin is shorter than that of isorenieratene, indicating a longer Neff for renierapurpurin. This conclusion is also consistent with a lower S1 energy of renierapurpurin compared to those of the other carotenoids. Density functional theory (DFT) was used to calculate equilibrium geometries of ground and excited states of all studied carotenoids. The terminal ring torsion in the ground state of isorenieratene (41°) is very close to that of β-carotene (45°), but equilibration of the bond lengths within the aryl rings indicates that the each aryl ring forms its own conjugated system. This results in partial detachment of the aryl rings from the overall conjugation making Neff of isorenieratene shorter than that of β-carotene. The different position of the methyl group at the aryl ring of renierapurpurin diminishes the aryl ring torsion to ∼20°. This planarization results in a longer Neff than that of isorenieratene, rationalizing the observed differences in spectroscopic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Fuciman
- Institute of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia , Branišovská 1760, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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18
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Niedzwiedzki DM, Cranston L. Excited state lifetimes and energies of okenone and chlorobactene, exemplary keto and non-keto aryl carotenoids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:13245-56. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp00836k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Photophysical properties of two typical aryl carotenoids, okenone and chlorobactene, were studied with application of femtosecond and microsecond time-resolved absorption spectroscopies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz M. Niedzwiedzki
- Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center and Department of Chemistry
- Washington University in St Louis
- USA
| | - Laura Cranston
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology
- College of Medical
- Veterinary and Life Sciences
- University of Glasgow
- Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre
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Jiang J, Reddy KR, Pavan MP, Lubian E, Harris MA, Jiao J, Niedzwiedzki DM, Kirmaier C, Parkes-Loach PS, Loach PA, Bocian DF, Holten D, Lindsey JS. Amphiphilic, hydrophilic, or hydrophobic synthetic bacteriochlorins in biohybrid light-harvesting architectures: consideration of molecular designs. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2014; 122:187-202. [PMID: 24997120 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-014-0021-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Biohybrid light-harvesting architectures can be constructed that employ native-like bacterial photosynthetic antenna peptides as a scaffold to which synthetic chromophores are attached to augment overall spectral coverage. Synthetic bacteriochlorins are attractive to enhance capture of solar radiation in the photon-rich near-infrared spectral region. The effect of the polarity of the bacteriochlorin substituents on the antenna self-assembly process was explored by the preparation of a bacteriochlorin-peptide conjugate using a synthetic amphiphilic bacteriochlorin (B1) to complement prior studies using hydrophilic (B2, four carboxylic acids) or hydrophobic (B3) bacteriochlorins. The amphiphilic bioconjugatable bacteriochlorin B1 with a polar ammonium-terminated tail was synthesized by sequential Pd-mediated reactions of a 3,13-dibromo-5-methoxybacteriochlorin. Each bacteriochlorin bears a maleimido-terminated tether for attachment to a cysteine-containing analog of the Rhodobacter sphaeroides antenna β-peptide to give conjugates β-B1, β-B2, and β-B3. Given the hydrophobic nature of the β-peptide, the polarity of B1 and B2 facilitated purification of the respective conjugate compared to the hydrophobic B3. Bacteriochlorophyll a (BChl a) associates with each conjugate in aqueous micellar media to form a dyad containing two β-peptides, two covalently attached synthetic bacteriochlorins, and a datively bonded BChl-a pair, albeit to a limited extent for β-B2. The reversible assembly/disassembly of dyad (β-B2/BChl)2 was examined in aqueous detergent (octyl glucoside) solution by temperature variation (15-35 °C). The energy-transfer efficiency from the synthetic bacteriochlorin to the BChl-a dimer was found to be 0.85 for (β-B1/BChl)2, 0.40 for (β-B2/BChl)2, and 0.85 for (β-B3/BChl)2. Thus, in terms of handling, assembly and energy-transfer efficiency taken together, the amphiphilic design examined herein is more attractive than the prior hydrophilic or hydrophobic designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbing Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-8204, USA
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20
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Chi SC, Mothersole DJ, Dilbeck P, Niedzwiedzki DM, Zhang H, Qian P, Vasilev C, Grayson KJ, Jackson PJ, Martin EC, Li Y, Holten D, Neil Hunter C. Assembly of functional photosystem complexes in Rhodobacter sphaeroides incorporating carotenoids from the spirilloxanthin pathway. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2014; 1847:189-201. [PMID: 25449968 PMCID: PMC4331045 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Carotenoids protect the photosynthetic apparatus against harmful radicals arising from the presence of both light and oxygen. They also act as accessory pigments for harvesting solar energy, and are required for stable assembly of many light-harvesting complexes. In the phototrophic bacterium Rhodobacter (Rba.) sphaeroides phytoene desaturase (CrtI) catalyses three sequential desaturations of the colourless carotenoid phytoene, extending the number of conjugated carbon–carbon double bonds, N, from three to nine and producing the yellow carotenoid neurosporene; subsequent modifications produce the yellow/red carotenoids spheroidene/spheroidenone (N = 10/11). Genomic crtI replacements were used to swap the native three-step Rba. sphaeroides CrtI for the four-step Pantoea agglomerans enzyme, which re-routed carotenoid biosynthesis and culminated in the production of 2,2′-diketo-spirilloxanthin under semi-aerobic conditions. The new carotenoid pathway was elucidated using a combination of HPLC and mass spectrometry. Premature termination of this new pathway by inactivating crtC or crtD produced strains with lycopene or rhodopin as major carotenoids. All of the spirilloxanthin series carotenoids are accepted by the assembly pathways for LH2 and RC–LH1–PufX complexes. The efficiency of carotenoid-to-bacteriochlorophyll energy transfer for 2,2′-diketo-spirilloxanthin (15 conjugated C
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
]]>C bonds; N = 15) in LH2 complexes is low, at 35%. High energy transfer efficiencies were obtained for neurosporene (N = 9; 94%), spheroidene (N = 10; 96%) and spheroidenone (N = 11; 95%), whereas intermediate values were measured for lycopene (N = 11; 64%), rhodopin (N = 11; 62%) and spirilloxanthin (N = 13; 39%). The variety and stability of these novel Rba. sphaeroides antenna complexes make them useful experimental models for investigating the energy transfer dynamics of carotenoids in bacterial photosynthesis. The spirilloxanthin biosynthetic pathway has been constructed in Rba. sphaeroides. The new carotenoids are accepted by the photosystem assembly pathways. These pigments are efficiently integrated into LH2 and RC–LH1–PufX complexes. Carotenoid–BChl energy transfer drops with the number of conjugated CC bonds (N). The lowest efficiency, 35%, is for the N = 15 carotenoid 2,2′ diketospirilloxanthin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang C Chi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - David J Mothersole
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Preston Dilbeck
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130-4889, USA
| | | | - Hao Zhang
- Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA
| | - Pu Qian
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Cvetelin Vasilev
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Katie J Grayson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Philip J Jackson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom; ChELSI Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth C Martin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dewey Holten
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130-4889, USA
| | - C Neil Hunter
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom.
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21
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Christensen RL, Enriquez MM, Wagner NL, Peacock-Villada AY, Scriban C, Schrock RR, Polívka T, Frank HA, Birge RR. Energetics and dynamics of the low-lying electronic states of constrained polyenes: implications for infinite polyenes. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:1449-65. [PMID: 23330819 DOI: 10.1021/jp310592s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Steady-state and ultrafast transient absorption spectra were obtained for a series of conformationally constrained, isomerically pure polyenes with 5-23 conjugated double bonds (N). These data and fluorescence spectra of the shorter polyenes reveal the N dependence of the energies of six (1)B(u)(+) and two (1)A(g)(-) excited states. The (1)B(u)(+) states converge to a common infinite polyene limit of 15,900 ± 100 cm(-1). The two excited (1)A(g)(-) states, however, exhibit a large (~9000 cm(-1)) energy difference in the infinite polyene limit, in contrast to the common value previously predicted by theory. EOM-CCSD ab initio and MNDO-PSDCI semiempirical MO theories account for the experimental transition energies and intensities. The complex, multistep dynamics of the 1(1)B(u)(+) → 2(1)A(g)(-) → 1(1)A(g)(-) excited state decay pathways as a function of N are compared with kinetic data from several natural and synthetic carotenoids. Distinctive transient absorption signals in the visible region, previously identified with S* states in carotenoids, also are observed for the longer polyenes. Analysis of the lifetimes of the 2(1)A(g)(-) states, using the energy gap law for nonradiative decay, reveals remarkable similarities in the N dependence of the 2(1)A(g)(-) decay kinetics of the carotenoid and polyene systems. These findings are important for understanding the mechanisms by which carotenoids carry out their roles as light-harvesting molecules and photoprotective agents in biological systems.
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22
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Photoprotection in a purple phototrophic bacterium mediated by oxygen-dependent alteration of carotenoid excited-state properties. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:8570-5. [PMID: 22586075 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1201413109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids are known to offer protection against the potentially damaging combination of light and oxygen encountered by purple phototrophic bacteria, but the efficiency of such protection depends on the type of carotenoid. Rhodobacter sphaeroides synthesizes spheroidene as the main carotenoid under anaerobic conditions whereas, in the presence of oxygen, the enzyme spheroidene monooxygenase catalyses the incorporation of a keto group forming spheroidenone. We performed ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy on membranes containing reaction center-light-harvesting 1-PufX (RC-LH1-PufX) complexes and showed that when oxygen is present the incorporation of the keto group into spheroidene, forming spheroidenone, reconfigures the energy transfer pathway in the LH1, but not the LH2, antenna. The spheroidene/spheroidenone transition acts as a molecular switch that is suggested to twist spheroidenone into an s-trans configuration increasing its conjugation length and lowering the energy of the lowest triplet state so it can act as an effective quencher of singlet oxygen. The other consequence of converting carotenoids in RC-LH1-PufX complexes is that S(2)/S(1)/triplet pathways for spheroidene is replaced with a new pathway for spheroidenone involving an activated intramolecular charge-transfer (ICT) state. This strategy for RC-LH1-PufX-spheroidenone complexes maintains the light-harvesting cross-section of the antenna by opening an active, ultrafast S(1)/ICT channel for energy transfer to LH1 Bchls while optimizing the triplet energy for singlet oxygen quenching. We propose that spheroidene/spheroidenone switching represents a simple and effective photoprotective mechanism of likely importance for phototrophic bacteria that encounter light and oxygen.
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Alster J, Polívka T, Arellano JB, Hříbek P, Vácha F, Hála J, Pšenčík J. Self-assembly and energy transfer in artificial light-harvesting complexes of bacteriochlorophyll c with astaxanthin. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2012; 111:193-204. [PMID: 21833799 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-011-9670-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Chlorosomes, the light-harvesting antennae of green photosynthetic bacteria, are based on large aggregates of bacteriochlorophyll molecules. Aggregates with similar properties to those in chlorosomes can also be prepared in vitro. Several agents were shown to induce aggregation of bacteriochlorophyll c in aqueous environments, including certain lipids, carotenes, and quinones. A key distinguishing feature of bacteriochlorophyll c aggregates, both in vitro and in chlorosomes, is a large (>60 nm) red shift of their Q(y) absorption band compared with that of the monomers. In this study, we investigate the self-assembly of bacteriochlorophyll c with the xanthophyll astaxanthin, which leads to the formation of a new type of complexes. Our results indicate that, due to its specific structure, astaxanthin molecules competes with bacteriochlorophylls for the bonds involved in the aggregation, thus preventing the formation of any significant red shift compared with pure bacteriochlorophyll c in aqueous buffer. A strong interaction between both the types of pigments in the developed assemblies, is manifested by a rather efficient (~40%) excitation energy transfer from astaxanthin to bacteriochlorophyll c, as revealed by fluorescence excitation spectroscopy. Results of transient absorption spectroscopy show that the energy transfer is very fast (<500 fs) and proceeds through the S(2) state of astaxanthin.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Alster
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, 121 16, Praha, Czech Republic
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24
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Niedzwiedzki DM, Fuciman M, Kobayashi M, Frank HA, Blankenship RE. Ultrafast time-resolved spectroscopy of the light-harvesting complex 2 (LH2) from the photosynthetic bacterium Thermochromatium tepidum. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2011; 110:49-60. [PMID: 21984346 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-011-9692-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The light-harvesting complex 2 from the thermophilic purple bacterium Thermochromatium tepidum was purified and studied by steady-state absorption and fluorescence, sub-nanosecond-time-resolved fluorescence and femtosecond time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy. The measurements were performed at room temperature and at 10 K. The combination of both ultrafast and steady-state optical spectroscopy methods at ambient and cryogenic temperatures allowed the detailed study of carotenoid (Car)-to-bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) as well BChl-to-BChl excitation energy transfer in the complex. The studies show that the dominant Cars rhodopin (N=11) and spirilloxanthin (N=13) do not play a significant role as supportive energy donors for BChl a. This is related with their photophysical properties regulated by long π-electron conjugation. On the other hand, such properties favor some of the Cars, particularly spirilloxanthin (N=13) to play the role of the direct quencher of the excited singlet state of BChl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz M Niedzwiedzki
- Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, Campus Box 1138, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
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25
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You ZQ, Hsu CP. Ab inito study on triplet excitation energy transfer in photosynthetic light-harvesting complexes. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:4092-100. [PMID: 21410281 DOI: 10.1021/jp200200x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have studied the triplet energy transfer (TET) for photosynthetic light-harvesting complexes, the bacterial light-harvesting complex II (LH2) of Rhodospirillum molischianum and Rhodopseudomonas acidophila, and the peridinin-chlorophyll a protein (PCP) from Amphidinium carterae. The electronic coupling factor was calculated with the recently developed fragment spin difference scheme (You and Hsu, J. Chem. Phys. 2010, 133, 074105), which is a general computational scheme that yields the overall coupling under the Hamiltonian employed. The TET rates were estimated based on the couplings obtained. For all light-harvesting complexes studied, there exist nanosecond triplet energy transfer from the chlorophylls to the carotenoids. This result supports a direct triplet quenching mechanism for the photoprotection function of carotenoids. The TET rates are similar for a broad range of carotenoid triplet state energy, which implies a general and robust TET quenching role for carotenoids in photosynthesis. This result is also consistent with the weak dependence of TET kinetics on the type or the number of π conjugation lengths in the carotenoids and their analogues reported in the literature. We have also explored the possibility of forming triplet excitons in these complexes. In B850 of LH2 or the peridinin cluster in PCP, it is unlikely to have triplet exciton since the energy differences of any two neighboring molecules are likely to be much larger than their TET couplings. Our results provide theoretical limits to the possible photophysics in the light-harvesting complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qiang You
- Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, 128 Section 2 Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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Bao Y, Yan H, Liu L, Xu Q. Efficient Extraction of Lycopene from Rhodopseudomonas palustris with n-Hexane and Methanol after Alkaline Wash. Chem Eng Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201000033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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27
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Niedzwiedzki DM, Enriquez MM, LaFountain AM, Frank HA. Ultrafast Time-resolved Absorption Spectroscopy of Geometric Isomers of Xanthophylls. Chem Phys 2010; 373:80-89. [PMID: 20689726 PMCID: PMC2913875 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2010.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents an ultrafast optical spectroscopic investigation of the excited state energies, lifetimes and spectra of specific geometric isomers of neoxanthin, violaxanthin, lutein, and zeaxanthin. All-trans- and 15,15'-cis-beta-carotene were also examined. The spectroscopy was done on molecules purified by HPLC frozen immediately to inhibit isomerization. The spectra were taken at 77 K to maintain the configurations and to provide better spectral resolution than seen at room temperature. The kinetics reveal that for all of the molecules except neoxanthin, the S(1) state lifetime of the cis-isomers is shorter than that of the all-trans isomers. The S(1) excited state energies of all the isomers were determined by recording S(1) --> S(2) transient absorption spectra. The results obtained in this manner at cryogenic temperatures provide an unprecedented level of precision in the measurement of the S(1) energies of these xanthophylls, which are critical components in light-harvesting pigment-protein complexes of green plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miriam M. Enriquez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3060, USA
| | - Amy M. LaFountain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3060, USA
| | - Harry A. Frank
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3060, USA
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28
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Cong H, Niedzwiedzki DM, Gibson GN, LaFountain AM, Kelsh RM, Gardiner AT, Cogdell RJ, Frank HA. Ultrafast time-resolved carotenoid to-bacteriochlorophyll energy transfer in LH2 complexes from photosynthetic bacteria. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:10689-703. [PMID: 18671366 PMCID: PMC3628606 DOI: 10.1021/jp711946w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Steady-state and ultrafast time-resolved optical spectroscopic investigations have been carried out at 293 and 10 K on LH2 pigment-protein complexes isolated from three different strains of photosynthetic bacteria: Rhodobacter (Rb.) sphaeroides G1C, Rb. sphaeroides 2.4.1 (anaerobically and aerobically grown), and Rps. acidophila 10050. The LH2 complexes obtained from these strains contain the carotenoids, neurosporene, spheroidene, spheroidenone, and rhodopin glucoside, respectively. These molecules have a systematically increasing number of pi-electron conjugated carbon-carbon double bonds. Steady-state absorption and fluorescence excitation experiments have revealed that the total efficiency of energy transfer from the carotenoids to bacteriochlorophyll is independent of temperature and nearly constant at approximately 90% for the LH2 complexes containing neurosporene, spheroidene, spheroidenone, but drops to approximately 53% for the complex containing rhodopin glucoside. Ultrafast transient absorption spectra in the near-infrared (NIR) region of the purified carotenoids in solution have revealed the energies of the S1 (2(1)Ag-)-->S2 (1(1)Bu+) excited-state transitions which, when subtracted from the energies of the S0 (1(1)Ag-)-->S2 (1(1)Bu+) transitions determined by steady-state absorption measurements, give precise values for the positions of the S1 (2(1)Ag-) states of the carotenoids. Global fitting of the ultrafast spectral and temporal data sets have revealed the dynamics of the pathways of de-excitation of the carotenoid excited states. The pathways include energy transfer to bacteriochlorophyll, population of the so-called S* state of the carotenoids, and formation of carotenoid radical cations (Car*+). The investigation has found that excitation energy transfer to bacteriochlorophyll is partitioned through the S1 (1(1)Ag-), S2 (1(1)Bu+), and S* states of the different carotenoids to varying degrees. This is understood through a consideration of the energies of the states and the spectral profiles of the molecules. A significant finding is that, due to the low S1 (2(1)Ag-) energy of rhodopin glucoside, energy transfer from this state to the bacteriochlorophylls is significantly less probable compared to the other complexes. This work resolves a long-standing question regarding the cause of the precipitous drop in energy transfer efficiency when the extent of pi-electron conjugation of the carotenoid is extended from ten to eleven conjugated carbon-carbon double bonds in LH2 complexes from purple photosynthetic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Cong
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, U-3046, 2152 Hillside Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3046
| | - Dariusz M. Niedzwiedzki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, U-3060, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060
| | - George N. Gibson
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, U-3046, 2152 Hillside Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3046
| | - Amy M. LaFountain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, U-3060, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060
| | - Rhiannon M. Kelsh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, U-3060, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060
| | - Alastair T. Gardiner
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Richard J. Cogdell
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Harry A. Frank
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, U-3060, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060
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Polívka T, Niedzwiedzki D, Fuciman M, Sundström V, Frank HA. Role of B800 in Carotenoid−Bacteriochlorophyll Energy and Electron Transfer in LH2 Complexes from the Purple BacteriumRhodobactersphaeroides. J Phys Chem B 2007; 111:7422-31. [PMID: 17547450 DOI: 10.1021/jp071395c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The role of the B800 in energy and electron transfer in LH2 complexes has been studied using femtosecond time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy. The B800 site was perturbed by application of lithium dodecyl sulfate (LDS), and comparison of treated and untreated LH2 complexes from Rhodobacter sphaeroides incorporating carotenoids neurosporene, spheroidene, and spheroidenone was used to explore the role of B800 in carotenoid to bacteriochlorophyll-a (BChla) energy transfer and carotenoid radical formation. Efficiencies of the S1-mediated energy transfer in the LDS-treated complexes were 86, 61, and 57% in the LH2 complexes containing neurosporene, spheroidene, and spheroidenone, respectively. Analysis of the carotenoid S1 lifetimes in solution, LDS-treated, and untreated LH2 complexes allowed determination of B800/B850 branching ratio in the S1-mediated energy transfer. It is shown that B800 is a major acceptor, as approximately 60% of the energy from the carotenoid S1 state is accepted by B800. This value is nearly independent of conjugation length of the carotenoid. In addition to its role in energy transfer, the B800 BChla is the only electron acceptor in the event of charge separation between carotenoid and BChla in LH2 complexes, which is demonstrated by prevention of carotenoid radical formation in the LDS-treated LH2 complexes. In the untreated complexes containing neurosporene and spheroidene, the carotenoid radical is formed with a time constant of 300-400 fs. Application of different excitation wavelengths and intensity dependence of the carotenoid radical formation showed that the carotenoid radical can be formed only after excitation of the S2 state of carotenoid, although the S2 state itself is not a precursor of the charge-separated state. Instead, either a hot S1 state or a charge-transfer state lying between S2 and S1 states of the carotenoid are discussed as potential precursors of the charge-separated state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Polívka
- Institute of Physical Biology, University of South Bohemia, Nove Hrady, Czech Republic.
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30
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Han RM, Wul YS, Feng J, Ai XC, Zhang JP, Skibsted LH. Radical Cation Generation from Singlet and Triplet Excited States of All-trans-Lycopene in Chloroform¶. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2004.tb00091.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Niedzwiedzki D, Koscielecki JF, Cong H, Sullivan JO, Gibson GN, Birge RR, Frank HA. Ultrafast dynamics and excited state spectra of open-chain carotenoids at room and low temperatures. J Phys Chem B 2007; 111:5984-98. [PMID: 17441762 DOI: 10.1021/jp070500f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Many of the spectroscopic features and photophysical properties of carotenoids are explained using a three-state model in which the strong visible absorption of the molecules is associated with an S0 (1(1)Ag-) --> S2 (1(1)Bu+) transition, and the lowest lying singlet state, S1 (2(1)Ag-), is a state into which absorption from the ground state is forbidden by symmetry. However, semiempirical and ab initio quantum calculations have suggested additional excited singlet states may lie either between or in the vicinity of S1 (2(1)Ag-) and S2 (1(1)Bu+), and some ultrafast spectroscopic studies have reported evidence for these states. One such state, denoted S*, has been implicated as an intermediate in the depopulation of S2 (1(1)Bu+) and as a pathway for the formation of carotenoid triplet states in light-harvesting complexes. In this work, we present the results of an ultrafast, time-resolved spectroscopic investigation of a series of open-chain carotenoids derived from photosynthetic bacteria and systematically increasing in their number of pi-electron carbon-carbon double bonds (n). The molecules are neurosporene (n = 9), spheroidene (n = 10), rhodopin glucoside (n = 11), rhodovibrin (n = 12), and spirilloxanthin (n = 13). The molecules were studied in acetone and CS2 solvents at room temperature. These experiments explore the effect of solvent polarity and polarizability on the spectroscopic and kinetic behavior of the molecules. The molecules were also studied in ether/isopentane/ethanol (EPA) glasses at 77 K, in which the spectral resolution is greatly enhanced. Analysis of the data using global fitting techniques has revealed the ultrafast dynamics of the excited states and spectral changes associated with their decay, including spectroscopic features not previously reported. The data are consistent with S* being identified with a twisted conformational structure, the yield of which is increased in molecules having longer pi-electron conjugations. In particular, for the longest molecule in the series, spirilloxanthin, the experiments and a detailed quantum computational analysis reveal the presence of two S* states associated with relaxed S1 (2(1)Ag-) conformations involving nearly planar 6-s-cis and 6-s-trans geometries. We propose that in polar solvents, the ground state of spirilloxanthin takes on a corkscrew conformation that generates a net solute dipole moment while decreasing the cavity formation energy. Upon excitation and relaxation into the S1 (2(1)Ag-) state, the polyene unravels and flattens into a more planar geometry with comparable populations of 6-s-trans and 6-s-cis conformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Niedzwiedzki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, USA
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32
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Polívka T, Pullerits T, Frank HA, Cogdell RJ, Sundström V. Ultrafast Formation of a Carotenoid Radical in LH2 Antenna Complexes of Purple Bacteria. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0483019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Polívka
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden, Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, and Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Tõnu Pullerits
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden, Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, and Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Harry A. Frank
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden, Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, and Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Richard J. Cogdell
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden, Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, and Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Villy Sundström
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden, Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, and Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
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33
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Herek JL, Wendling M, He Z, Polívka T, Garcia-Asua G, Cogdell RJ, Hunter CN, van Grondelle R, Sundström V, Pullerits T. Ultrafast Carotenoid Band Shifts: Experiment and Theory. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp040094p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. L. Herek
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden, Krebs Institute and Robert Hill Institute for Photosynthesis, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U. K., Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U. K., and FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan
| | - M. Wendling
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden, Krebs Institute and Robert Hill Institute for Photosynthesis, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U. K., Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U. K., and FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan
| | - Z. He
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden, Krebs Institute and Robert Hill Institute for Photosynthesis, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U. K., Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U. K., and FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan
| | - T. Polívka
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden, Krebs Institute and Robert Hill Institute for Photosynthesis, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U. K., Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U. K., and FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan
| | - G. Garcia-Asua
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden, Krebs Institute and Robert Hill Institute for Photosynthesis, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U. K., Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U. K., and FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan
| | - R. J. Cogdell
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden, Krebs Institute and Robert Hill Institute for Photosynthesis, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U. K., Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U. K., and FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan
| | - C. N. Hunter
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden, Krebs Institute and Robert Hill Institute for Photosynthesis, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U. K., Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U. K., and FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan
| | - R. van Grondelle
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden, Krebs Institute and Robert Hill Institute for Photosynthesis, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U. K., Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U. K., and FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan
| | - V. Sundström
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden, Krebs Institute and Robert Hill Institute for Photosynthesis, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U. K., Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U. K., and FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan
| | - T. Pullerits
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden, Krebs Institute and Robert Hill Institute for Photosynthesis, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U. K., Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U. K., and FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan
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34
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Polívka T, Sundström V. Ultrafast dynamics of carotenoid excited States-from solution to natural and artificial systems. Chem Rev 2004; 104:2021-71. [PMID: 15080720 DOI: 10.1021/cr020674n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 642] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Polívka
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
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35
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Zigmantas D, Hiller RG, Sharples FP, Frank HA, Sundström V, Polívka T. Effect of a conjugated carbonyl group on the photophysical properties of carotenoids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2004. [DOI: 10.1039/b315786e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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36
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Polívka T, Zigmantas D, Herek JL, He Z, Pascher T, Pullerits T, Cogdell RJ, Frank HA, Sundström V. The Carotenoid S1 State in LH2 Complexes from Purple Bacteria Rhodobacter sphaeroides and Rhodopseudomonas acidophila: S1 Energies, Dynamics, and Carotenoid Radical Formation. J Phys Chem B 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp025752p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Polívka
- Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden, Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, U.K., and Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 0629−3060
| | - Donatas Zigmantas
- Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden, Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, U.K., and Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 0629−3060
| | - Jennifer L. Herek
- Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden, Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, U.K., and Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 0629−3060
| | - Zhi He
- Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden, Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, U.K., and Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 0629−3060
| | - Torbjörn Pascher
- Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden, Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, U.K., and Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 0629−3060
| | - Tõnu Pullerits
- Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden, Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, U.K., and Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 0629−3060
| | - Richard J. Cogdell
- Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden, Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, U.K., and Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 0629−3060
| | - Harry A. Frank
- Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden, Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, U.K., and Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 0629−3060
| | - Villy Sundström
- Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden, Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, U.K., and Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 0629−3060
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