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Zahirović A, Fetahović S, Feizi-Dehnayebi M, Višnjevac A, Bešta-Gajević R, Kozarić A, Martić L, Topčagić A, Roca S. Dual Antimicrobial-Anticancer Potential, Hydrolysis, and DNA/BSA Binding Affinity of a Novel Water-Soluble Ruthenium-Arene Ethylenediamine Schiff base (RAES) Organometallic. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 318:124528. [PMID: 38801789 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The need for a systematic approach in developing new metal-based drugs with dual anticancer-antimicrobial properties is emphasized by the vulnerability of cancer patients to bacterial infections. In this context, a novel organometallic assembly was designed, featuring ruthenium(II) coordination with p-cymene, one chlorido ligand, and a bidentate neutral Schiff base derived from 4-methoxybenzaldehyde and N,N-dimethylethylenediamine. The compound was extensively characterized in both solid-state and solution, employing single crystal X-ray diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and density functional theory, alongside Hirshfeld surface analysis. The hydrolysis kinetic was thoroughly investigated, revealing the important role of the chloro-aqua equilibrium in the dynamics of binding with deoxyribonucleic acid and bovine serum albumin. Notably, the aqua species exhibited a pronounced affinity for deoxyribonucleic acid, engaging through electrostatic and hydrogen bonding interactions, while the chloro species demonstrated groove-binding properties. Interaction with albumin revealed distinct binding mechanisms. The aqua species displayed covalent binding, contrasting with the ligand-like van der Waals interactions and hydrogen bonding observed with the chloro specie. Molecular docking studies highlighted site-specific interactions with biomolecular targets. Remarkably, the compound exhibited wide spectrum moderate antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans, coupled with low micromolar cytotoxic activity against human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells and significant activity against human leukemic monocyte lymphoma cells. The presented findings encourage further development of this compound, promising avenues for its evolution into a versatile therapeutic agent targeting both infectious diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Zahirović
- Laboratory for Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Selma Fetahović
- Laboratory for Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | | | - Aleksandar Višnjevac
- Laboratory for Chemical and Biological Crystallography, Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Renata Bešta-Gajević
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Amina Kozarić
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, International Burch University, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Lora Martić
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, International Burch University, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Anela Topčagić
- Laboratory for Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Sunčica Roca
- NMR Centre, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia.
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2
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Caković A, Ćoćić D, Živanović M, Janković N, Milivojević N, Delibašić M, Kostić M, Radojević I, Grujović M, Marković KG, Klisurić OR, Vraneš M, Bogojeski J. Enhancing Bioactivity of N,N,N-Chelating Rhodium(III) Complexes with Ionic Liquids: Toward Targeted Cancer Therapy. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 39058952 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the potential of using ionic liquids as cosolvents to enhance the solubility and activity of poorly soluble rhodium(III) complexes, particularly those with diene, pyridine derivatives, and camphor-derived bis-pyrazolylpyridine ligands, in relation to 5'-GMP, CT-DNA, and HSA as well as their biological activity. Findings indicate that ionic liquids significantly increase the substitution activity of these complexes toward 5'-GMP while only marginally affecting DNA/HSA binding affinities with molecular docking, further confirming the experimental results. Lipophilicity assessments indicated good lipophilicity. Notably, cytotoxicity studies show that Rh2 is selectively effective against HeLa cancer cells, with IL1 and IL10 modulating the cytotoxic effects. Redox evaluations indicate that rhodium complexes induce oxidative stress in cancerous cells while maintaining redox balance in noncancerous cells. By elucidating the role of ionic liquids in modulating these effects, the study proposes a promising avenue for augmenting the efficacy and selectivity of cancer treatments, thus opening new horizons in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina Caković
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Dušan Ćoćić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marko Živanović
- University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, Department of Science, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nenad Janković
- University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, Department of Science, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nevena Milivojević
- University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, Department of Science, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marija Delibašić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Center for Forensic and Applied Molecular Genetics, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marina Kostić
- University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, Department of Science, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ivana Radojević
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Grujović
- University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, Department of Science, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Katarina G Marković
- University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, Department of Science, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Olivera R Klisurić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physics, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 4, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Milan Vraneš
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jovana Bogojeski
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
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3
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Vučelj S, Hasić R, Ašanin D, Šmit B, Caković A, Bogojeski J, Serafinović MĆ, Marković BS, Stojanović B, Pavlović S, Stanisavljević I, Ćorović I, Stojanović MD, Jovanović I, Soldatović TV, Stojanović B. Modes of Interactions with DNA/HSA Biomolecules and Comparative Cytotoxic Studies of Newly Synthesized Mononuclear Zinc(II) and Heteronuclear Platinum(II)/Zinc(II) Complexes toward Colorectal Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3027. [PMID: 38474273 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25053027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A series of mono- and heteronuclear platinum(II) and zinc(II) complexes with 4,4',4″-tri-tert-butyl-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine ligand were synthesized and characterized. The DNA and protein binding properties of [ZnCl2(terpytBu)] (C1), [{cis-PtCl(NH3)2(μ-pyrazine)ZnCl(terpytBu)}](ClO4)2 (C2), [{trans-PtCl(NH3)2(μ-pyrazine)ZnCl(terpytBu)}](ClO4)2 (C3), [{cis-PtCl(NH3)2(μ-4,4'-bipyridyl)ZnCl(terpytBu)}](CIO4)2 (C4) and [{trans-PtCl(NH3)2(μ-4,4'-bipyridyl)ZnCl(terpytBu)}](CIO4)2 (C5) (where terpytBu = 4,4',4″-tri-tert-butyl-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine), were investigated by electronic absorption, fluorescence spectroscopic, and molecular docking methods. Complexes featuring transplatin exhibited lower Kb and Ksv constant values compared to cisplatin analogs. The lowest Ksv value belonged to complex C1, while C4 exhibited the highest. Molecular docking studies reveal that the binding of complex C1 to DNA is due to van der Waals forces, while that of C2-C5 is due to conventional hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces. The tested complexes exhibited variable cytotoxicity toward mouse colorectal carcinoma (CT26), human colorectal carcinoma (HCT116 and SW480), and non-cancerous mouse mesenchymal stem cells (mMSC). Particularly, the mononuclear C1 complex showed pronounced selectivity toward cancer cells over non-cancerous mMSC. The C1 complex notably induced apoptosis in CT26 cells, effectively arrested the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase, and selectively down-regulated Cyclin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Vučelj
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Kragujevac, S. Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- General Hospital of Novi Pazar, Department of Internal Medicine, Generala Živkovića 1, 36300 Novi Pazar, Serbia
| | - Rušid Hasić
- Department of Natural-Mathematical Sciences, State University of Novi Pazar, Vuka Karadžića 9, 36300 Novi Pazar, Serbia
| | - Darko Ašanin
- Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Biljana Šmit
- Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Angelina Caković
- Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jovana Bogojeski
- Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | | | - Bojana Simović Marković
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Kragujevac, S. Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Bojan Stojanović
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Kragujevac, S. Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Surgery, University of Kragujevac, S. Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Sladjana Pavlović
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Kragujevac, S. Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Isidora Stanisavljević
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Kragujevac, S. Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Irfan Ćorović
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Kragujevac, S. Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- General Hospital of Novi Pazar, Department of Internal Medicine, Generala Živkovića 1, 36300 Novi Pazar, Serbia
| | - Milica Dimitrijević Stojanović
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Kragujevac, S. Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology, University of Kragujevac, S. Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ivan Jovanović
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Kragujevac, S. Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Tanja V Soldatović
- Department of Natural-Mathematical Sciences, State University of Novi Pazar, Vuka Karadžića 9, 36300 Novi Pazar, Serbia
| | - Bojana Stojanović
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Kragujevac, S. Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, University of Kragujevac, S. Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
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Awaji AA, Rizk MA, Alsaiari RA, Alqahtani NF, Al-Qadri FA, Alkorbi AS, Hafez HS, Elshaarawy RFM. Chemotherapeutic Activity of Imidazolium-Supported Pd(II) o-Vanillylidene Diaminocyclohexane Complexes Immobilized in Nanolipid as Inhibitors for HER2/neu and FGFR2/FGF2 Axis Overexpression in Breast Cancer Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1711. [PMID: 38139837 PMCID: PMC10747766 DOI: 10.3390/ph16121711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Two bis-(imidazolium-vanillylidene)-(R,R)-diaminocyclohexane ligands (H2(VAN)2dach, H2L1,2) and their Pd(II) complexes (PdL1 and PdL2) were successfully synthesized and structurally characterized using microanalytical and spectral methods. Subsequently, to target the development of new effective and safe anti-breast cancer chemotherapeutic agents, these complexes were encapsulated by lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to formulate (PdL1LNP and PdL2LNP), which are physicochemically and morphologically characterized. PdL1LNP and PdL2LNP significantly cause DNA fragmentation in MCF-7 cells, while trastuzumab has a 10% damaging activity. Additionally, the encapsulated Pd1,2LNPs complexes activated the apoptotic mechanisms through the upregulated P53 with p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively. The apoptotic activity may be triggered through the activity mechanism of the Pd1,2LNPs in the inhibitory actions against the FGFR2/FGF2 axis on the gene level with p < 0.001 and the Her2/neu with p < 0.05 and p < 0.01. All these aspects have triggered the activity of the PdL1LNP and PdL2LNP to downregulate TGFβ1 by p < 0.01 for both complexes. In conclusion, LNP-encapsulated Pd(II) complexes can be employed as anti-cancer drugs with additional benefits in regulating the signal mechanisms of the apoptotic mechanisms among breast cancer cells with chemotherapeutic-safe actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aeshah A. Awaji
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University College in Taymaa, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Moustafa A. Rizk
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts at Sharurah, Najran University, Sharurah 68342, Saudi Arabia or (M.A.R.); (R.A.A.); (F.A.A.-Q.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Raiedhah A. Alsaiari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts at Sharurah, Najran University, Sharurah 68342, Saudi Arabia or (M.A.R.); (R.A.A.); (F.A.A.-Q.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Norah F. Alqahtani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fatima A. Al-Qadri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts at Sharurah, Najran University, Sharurah 68342, Saudi Arabia or (M.A.R.); (R.A.A.); (F.A.A.-Q.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Ali S. Alkorbi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts at Sharurah, Najran University, Sharurah 68342, Saudi Arabia or (M.A.R.); (R.A.A.); (F.A.A.-Q.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Hani S. Hafez
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez 43533, Egypt
| | - Reda F. M. Elshaarawy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez 43533, Egypt
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
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5
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Kwon HC, Lee DH, Yoon M, Nayab S, Lee H, Han JH. Novel Cu(II) complexes as DNA-destabilizing agents and their DNA nuclease activity. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:16802-16811. [PMID: 37902974 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02615a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report a series of four novel Cu complexes, namely 2-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)quinoline copper(II) nitrate, [LACu(NO3)2] (Cu1), 4-(quinolin-2-ylmethyl)morpholine copper(II) nitrate, [LBCu(NO3)2] (Cu2), 4-(quinolin-2-ylmethyl)morpholine copper(II) chloride, [LBCuCl2] (Cu3), and 2-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)pyridine copper(II) chloride, [LCCu(μ-Cl)Cl]2 (Cu4). X-ray diffraction studies revealed that the geometry around the Cu(II) center could be best described as distorted octahedral in Cu1 and Cu2, whereas Cu3 and Cu4 showed distorted tetrahedral and square pyramidal geometries, respectively. DNA binding studies showed that Cu complexes Cu1-3 containing quinoline interacted via minor groove binding, whereas the Cu4 complex containing pyridine interacted via intercalation. All Cu complexes containing quinoline and pyridine caused destabilization of DNA at specific homogeneous G-C regions. The Cu1-3 complexes as groove binders destabilized the DNA structure much more than the Cu4 complex as an intercalator. Regarding groove binders, the Cu2 complex containing quinoline and morpholine caused the highest distortion and destabilization of the DNA structure, leading to high DNA cleavage efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Chang Kwon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Andong National University, 1375 Gyeongdong-ro, Andong, Gyeongbuk, Korea, 36729.
| | - Da Hyun Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Andong National University, 1375 Gyeongdong-ro, Andong, Gyeongbuk, Korea, 36729.
| | - Minyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Saira Nayab
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Chemistry, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University (SBBU), Sheringal Upper Dir (18050), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Islamic Republic of Pakistan
| | - Hyosun Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Hoon Han
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Andong National University, 1375 Gyeongdong-ro, Andong, Gyeongbuk, Korea, 36729.
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6
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Odachowski M, Neven R, Perversi G, Romano D, Slabber CA, Hadiji M, Honing M, Zhao Y, Munro OQ, Blom B. Ionic mononuclear [Fe] and heterodinuclear [Fe,Ru] bis(diphenylphosphino)alkane complexes: Synthesis, spectroscopy, DFT structures, cytotoxicity, and biomolecular interactions. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 242:112156. [PMID: 36801621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Iron(II) and Ru(II) half-sandwich compounds encompass some promising pre-clinical anticancer agents whose efficacy may be tuned by structural modification of the coordinated ligands. Here, we combine two such bioactive metal centres in cationic bis(diphenylphosphino)alkane-bridged heterodinuclear [Fe2+, Ru2+] complexes to delineate how ligand structural variations modulate compound cytotoxicity. Specifically, Fe(II) complexes of the type [(η5-C5H5)Fe(CO)2(κ1-PPh2(CH2)nPPh2)]{PF6} (n = 1-5), compounds 1-5, and heterodinuclear [Fe2+, Ru2+] complexes, [(η5-C5H5)Fe(CO)2(μ-PPh2(CH2)nPPh2))(η6-p-cymene)RuCl2]{PF6} (n = 2-5) (compounds 7-10), were synthesized and characterised. The mononuclear complexes were moderately cytotoxic against two ovarian cancer cell lines (A2780 and cisplatin resistant A2780cis) with IC50 values ranging from 2.3 ± 0.5 μM to 9.0 ± 1.4 μM. For 7-10, the cytotoxicity increased with increasing Fe⋅⋅⋅Ru distance, consistent with their DNA affinity. UV-visible spectroscopy suggested the chloride ligands in heterodinuclear 8-10 undergo stepwise substitution by water on the timescale of the DNA interaction experiments, probably affording the species [RuCl(OH2)(η6-p-cymene)(PRPh2)]2+ and [Ru(OH)(OH2)(η6-p-cymene)(PRPh2)]2+ (where PRPh2 has R = [-(CH2)5PPh2-Fe(C5H5)(CO)2]+). One interpretation of the combined DNA-interaction and kinetic data is that the mono(aqua) complex may interact with dsDNA through nucleobase coordination. Heterodinuclear 10 reacts with glutathione (GSH) to form stable mono- and bis(thiolate) adducts, 10-SG and 10-SG2, with no evidence of metal ion reduction (k1 = 1.07 ± 0.17 × 10-1 min-1 and k2 = 6.04 ± 0.59 × 10-3 min-1 at 37 °C). This work highlights the synergistic effect of the Fe2+/Ru2+ centres on both the cytotoxicity and biomolecular interactions of the present heterodinuclear complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matylda Odachowski
- Maastricht Science Programme, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Paul Henri Spaaklaan 1, 6229 EN Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Robin Neven
- Maastricht Science Programme, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Paul Henri Spaaklaan 1, 6229 EN Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Giuditta Perversi
- Maastricht Science Programme, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Paul Henri Spaaklaan 1, 6229 EN Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Dario Romano
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemical Sciences, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Cathryn A Slabber
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, PO WITS 2050 Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Mouna Hadiji
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maarten Honing
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging (M4i) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Yuandi Zhao
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging (M4i) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Orde Q Munro
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, PO WITS 2050 Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Burgert Blom
- Maastricht Science Programme, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Paul Henri Spaaklaan 1, 6229 EN Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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7
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de Araujo-Neto JH, Guedes APM, Leite CM, Moraes CAF, Santos AL, Brito RDS, Rocha TL, Mello-Andrade F, Ellena J, Batista AA. "Half-Sandwich" Ruthenium Complexes with Alizarin as Anticancer Agents: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:6955-6969. [PMID: 37099760 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Upon exploration of the chemistry of the combination of ruthenium/arene with anthraquinone alizarin (L), three new complexes with the general formulas [Ru(L)Cl(η6-p-cymene)] (C1), [Ru(L)(η6-p-cymene)(PPh3)]PF6 (C2), and [Ru(L)(η6-p-cymene)(PEt3)]PF6 (C3) were synthesized and characterized using spectroscopic techniques (mass, IR, and 1D and 2D NMR), molar conductivity, elemental analysis, and X-ray diffraction. Complex C1 exhibited fluorescence, such as free alizarin, while in C2 and C3, the emission was probably quenched by monophosphines and the crystallographic data showed that hydrophobic interactions are predominant in intermolecular contacts. The cytotoxicity of the complexes was evaluated in the MDA-MB-231 (triple-negative breast cancer), MCF-7 (breast cancer), and A549 (lung) tumor cell lines and MCF-10A (breast) and MRC-5 (lung) nontumor cell lines. Complexes C1 and C2 were more selective to the breast tumor cell lines, and C2 was the most cytotoxic (IC50 = 6.5 μM for MDA-MB-231). In addition, compound C1 performs a covalent interaction with DNA, while C2 and C3 present only weak interactions; however, internalization studies by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy showed that complex C1 does not accumulate in viable MDA-MB-231 cells and is detected in the cytoplasm only after cell permeabilization. Investigations of the mechanism of action of the complexes indicate that C2 promotes cell cycle arrest in the Sub-G1 phase in MDA-MB-231, inhibits its colony formation, and has a possible antimetastatic action, impeding cell migration in the wound-healing experiment (13% of wound healing in 24 h). The in vivo toxicological experiments with zebrafish indicate that C1 and C3 exhibit the most zebrafish embryo developmental toxicity (inhibition of spontaneous movements and heartbeats), while C2, the most promising anticancer drug in the in vitro preclinical tests, revealed the lowest toxicity in in vivo preclinical screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Honorato de Araujo-Neto
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, São Paulo 13566-590, Brazil
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Adriana P M Guedes
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Celisnolia M Leite
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, São Paulo 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Carlos André F Moraes
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Andressa L Santos
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás 74605-050, Brazil
| | - Rafaella da S Brito
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás 74605-050, Brazil
| | - Thiago L Rocha
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás 74605-050, Brazil
| | - Francyelli Mello-Andrade
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás 74605-050, Brazil
- Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia (IFG), Goiânia, Goiás 74055-110, Brazil
| | - Javier Ellena
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, São Paulo 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Alzir A Batista
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
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8
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Mészáros JP, Kovács H, Spengler G, Kovács F, Frank É, Enyedy ÉA. A comparative study on the metal complexes of an anticancer estradiol-hydroxamate conjugate and salicylhydroxamic acid. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 244:112223. [PMID: 37084580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxamic acids bearing an (O,O) donor set are well-known metal-chelating compounds with diverse biological activities including anticancer activity. Since steroid conjugation with a pharmacophoric moiety may have the potential to improve this effect, a salicylhydroxamic acid-estradiol hybrid molecule (E2HA) was synthesized. Only minimal effect of the conjugation on the proton dissociation constants was observed in comparison to salicylhydroxamic acid (SHA). The complexation with essential metal ions (iron, copper) was characterized, since E2HA may exert its cytotoxicity through the binding of these ions in cells. UV-visible spectrophotometric and pH-potentiometric titrations revealed the formation of high-stability complexes, while the Fe(III) preference over Fe(II) was proved by cyclic voltammetry and spectroelectrochemical measurements. Complex formation with half-sandwich Rh(III)(η5-Cp*) and Ru(II)(η6-p-cymene) organometallic cations was also studied as it may improve the anticancer effect and the pharmacokinetic profile of the ligand. At equimolar concentration the speciation is complicated because of the presence of mononuclear and binuclear complexes. The complexes readily react with small molecules e.g. glutathione, 1-methylimidazole and nucleosides, having major effect on solution speciation, namely mixed-ligand complex formation and ligand displacement occur. These processes serve as models for the interactions with biomolecules in the body. E2HA exerted moderate anticancer activity (IC50 = 25-59 μM) in the tested three human cancer cell lines (Colo205, Colo320 and MCF-7), while being non-toxic on non-cancerous MRC-5 cells. Meanwhile, SHA was inactive in the same cells. Complexation with half-sandwich Rh(III) and Ru(II) cations had only a minor improvement on the cytotoxic effect of E2HA.
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Affiliation(s)
- János P Mészáros
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Functional Metal Complexes Research Group, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Hilda Kovács
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Functional Metal Complexes Research Group, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Spengler
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Functional Metal Complexes Research Group, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; Department of Medical Microbiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center and Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Kovács
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 8, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Éva Frank
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 8, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Éva A Enyedy
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Functional Metal Complexes Research Group, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
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9
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Sarıdağ T, Buldurun K. New Ruthenium-p-Cymene Complexes Containing o-Vanillin and 4-Benzoxybenzaldehyde Schiff Base Ligands; Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Activity in the Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones. Catal Letters 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-023-04286-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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10
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Yuan F, Liu X, Tan L. Binding and stabilization effect of arene ruthenium(Ⅱ) polypyridyl complexes toward the triple-helical RNA poly(U)•poly(A)⁎poly(U). Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.121140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Murillo MI, Gaiddon C, Le Lagadec R. Targeting of the intracellular redox balance by metal complexes towards anticancer therapy. Front Chem 2022; 10:967337. [PMID: 36034648 PMCID: PMC9405673 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.967337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of cancers is often linked to the alteration of essential redox processes, and therefore, oxidoreductases involved in such mechanisms can be considered as attractive molecular targets for the development of new therapeutic strategies. On the other hand, for more than two decades, transition metals derivatives have been leading the research on drugs as alternatives to platinum-based treatments. The success of such compounds is particularly due to their attractive redox kinetics properties, favorable oxidation states, as well as routes of action different to interactions with DNA, in which redox interactions are crucial. For instance, the activity of oxidoreductases such as PHD2 (prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein) which can regulate angiogenesis in tumors, LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) related to glycolysis, and enzymes, such as catalases, SOD (superoxide dismutase), TRX (thioredoxin) or GSH (glutathione) involved in controlling oxidative stress, can be altered by metal effectors. In this review, we wish to discuss recent results on how transition metal complexes have been rationally designed to impact on redox processes, in search for effective and more specific cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Isabel Murillo
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Christian Gaiddon
- Strasbourg Université, Inserm UMR_S U1113, IRFAC, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ronan Le Lagadec
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Ronan Le Lagadec,
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12
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Bellam R, Jaganyi D, Robinson RS. Heterodinuclear Ru-Pt Complexes Bridged with 2,3-Bis(pyridyl)pyrazinyl Ligands: Studies on Kinetics, Deoxyribonucleic Acid/Bovine Serum Albumin Binding and Cleavage, In Vitro Cytotoxicity, and In Vivo Toxicity on Zebrafish Embryo Activities. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:26226-26245. [PMID: 35936428 PMCID: PMC9352169 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Di- and poly-homo/heteronuclear complexes have great potential as anticancer drugs. Here, we report their reactivity, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)/bovine serum albumin (BSA) binding and cleavage interactions, in vitro cytotoxicity, and in vivo zebrafish embryo toxicity of [(phen)2Ru(μ-L)PtCl2]2+ (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline and L = 2,3-bis(2-pyridyl)pyrazine, bpp, C1 ; 2,3-bis(2-pyridyl)quinoxaline, bpq, C2ial ; 2,3-bis(2-pyridyl)benzo[g]quinoxaline, bbq, C3 ) anticancer prodrugs. The substitution reactivity increases from C1 to C3 owing to an increase in the π-conjugation on the bridging chelate which facilitates π-back bonding. As a result, the electrophilicity index on the C3 complex increases than that on the complex C2 followed by C1 which leads to higher rates of substitution and thus the reactivity order follows C1 < C2 < C3 . The coordination of Ru at one end of each of the complexes enhances water solubility. Moreover, the charge addition of the two metal ions increases their reactivity toward substitution in addition to ensuring electrostatic interactions at target sites such as the DNA/BSA. Spectroscopic (UV-vis absorption and fluorescence quenching) titration and viscosity measurement results of the interactions of C1/2/3 with CT-DNA established the formation of stable, nonconvent C1/2/3 -DNA adducts with DNA most likely via the intercalative binding mode. Furthermore, studies with BSA showed a good binding affinity of these complexes owing to hydrophobic interactions with the coordinated ligands. The interactions of these complexes with DNA/BSA are in line with the reactivity trend, and all these experimental findings were further supported by molecular docking analysis. In vitro MTT cytotoxic activities on human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 revealed that all the complexes have high cytotoxicity activity (IC50 > 9 μM); furthermore, the selectivity index and SI values were higher (>3). Complex C3 showed the highest cytotoxicity with IC50 = 3.1 μM and SI value (5.55) against MCF7 cell lines and these values were comparable to those of the cisplatin (IC50 and SI values are 5.0 μM and 4.02, respectively). In vivo toxicological assessments on zebrafish embryos revealed that all the Ru-Pt complexes (CI/2/3 ) have poor embryo acute toxic effects over 96 h postfertilization, hpf with LC50 > 65.2 μM. The complex C3 has shown the lowest embryo toxicity (LC50 = 148.8 μM), which is comparable to that of commercial cisplatin (LC50 = 181.1 μM). Based on the cytotoxicity results, complexes C2 and C3 could be considered for further development as chemotherapeutic agents against MCF breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Bellam
- School
of Chemistry and Physics, University of
KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
- Reseda
Lifesciences Pvt. Ltd., 11th Main, 46th Cross, 5th Block, Jayanagar, Bangalore 560041, Karnataka, India
| | - Deogratius Jaganyi
- School
of Pure and Applied Sciences, Mount Kenya
University, P. O. Box
342-01000, Thika, Kenya
- Department
of Chemistry, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Ross Stuart Robinson
- School
of Chemistry and Physics, University of
KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
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13
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CORM-3 induces DNA damage through Ru(II) binding to DNA. Biochem J 2022; 479:1429-1439. [PMID: 35726678 PMCID: PMC9342897 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20220254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
When the ‘CO-releasing molecule-3’, CORM-3 (Ru(CO)3Cl(glycinate)), is dissolved in water it forms a range of ruthenium complexes. These are taken up by cells and bind to intracellular ligands, notably thiols such as cysteine and glutathione, where the Ru(II) reaches high intracellular concentrations. Here, we show that the Ru(II) ion also binds to DNA, at exposed guanosine N7 positions. It therefore has a similar cellular target to the anticancer drug cisplatin, but not identical, because Ru(II) shows no evidence of forming intramolecular crossbridges in the DNA. The reaction is slow, and with excess Ru, intermolecular DNA crossbridges are formed. The addition of CORM-3 to human colorectal cancer cells leads to strand breaks in the DNA, as assessed by the alkaline comet assay. DNA damage is inhibited by growth media containing amino acids, which bind to extracellular Ru and prevent its entry into cells. We conclude that the cytotoxicity of Ru(II) is different from that of platinum, making it a promising development target for cancer therapeutics.
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14
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Priya Vadhana KT, Vairam S, Ushadevi B, Parveen S. New Mg(II) and Ca(II) Mixed Strontium Squarates: Structural Characterization, DNA/BSA Interaction, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities. J CLUST SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-021-01989-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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15
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Rasool F, Hussain A, Ayub K, Tariq M, Mahmood K, Yousuf S, Yar M, Khalid M, Samreen HS, Lateef M, Malik A. Experimental and Theoretical investigations on (E)-3-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-1-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)prop‑2-en-1-one and (E)-3-(naphthalen-2-yl)-1-(2-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl)prop‑2-en-1-one: DNA binding, Urease inhibition and Promising NLO response. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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16
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Mensah S, Rosenthal JD, Dagar M, Brown T, Mills JJ, Hamaker CG, Ferrence GM, Webb MI. A Ru( ii)-arene-ferrocene complex with promising antibacterial activity. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:17609-17619. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02696a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The evolution of high virulence bacterial strains has necessitated the development of novel therapeutic agents to treat resistant infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Mensah
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, 61790, USA
| | | | - Mamta Dagar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Tyson Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, 61790, USA
| | - Jonathan J. Mills
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, 61790, USA
| | | | | | - Michael I. Webb
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, 61790, USA
- Department of Chemistry, SUNY Geneseo, Geneseo, NY, 14454, USA
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17
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Ni L, Chang W, Zhu S, Zhang Y, Chen P, Zhang H, Zhao H, Zha J, Jiang S, Tao L, Zhou Z, Wang X, Liu Y, Diao G. Exploring Anticancer Activities and Structure-Activity Relationships of Binuclear Oxidovanadium(IV) Complexes. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:8571-8583. [PMID: 35005923 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c01037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dimeric mixed-ligand oxidovanadium complexes [V2O2(1,3-pdta)(bpy)2]·9H2O (1) and [V2O2(1,3-pdta)(phen)2]·6H2O (2) feature a symmetric binuclear structure bridged by 1,3-pdta, which is different from our previous reported asymmetric binuclear complex [V2O2(edta)(phen)2]·11H2O (3).In this study, a wide range of analytical techniques were carried out to fully characterize the complexes 1 and 2 and further investigate their structural stabilities. Density functional theory calculations of 1 and 2 also suggest that they might have good reactivity with biomolecules as anticancer agents. To assess and screen the antitumor activities of compounds 1-3 together with their four corresponding monomeric complexes [VO(ida)(phen)], [VO(ida)(bpy)], [VO(OH)(phen)2]Cl, and [VO(Hedta)]-, we have performed in vitro experiments with hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cell lines by MTT analyses. Complex 2 was found to have the highest inhibitory potency against the growth of HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells (IC50 = 2.07 ± 0.72 μM for HepG2; 13.00 ± 3.06 μM for SMMC-7721) compared to other compounds. The structure-activity relationship studies showed that the antitumor effect of compound 2 is higher than that of other compounds. After studying the monomeric compounds of 1-3, their effects were also ranked. Moreover, complex 2 displayed stronger binding affinity toward calf thymus DNA (Kb = 5.71 × 104 M-1) and cleavage activities than the other complexes (Kb = 1.34 × 104 M-1 for 1 and 5.22 × 104 M-1 for 3, respectively). We further extended the cellular mechanisms of drug action and found that 2 could block DNA synthesis and cell division of HepG2 and 7721 cells and further induce apoptosis by flow cytometry assays. In short, these results indicate that binuclear oxidovanadium compounds could have potential as simple, effective, and safe antitumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubin Ni
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002 Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Chang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002 Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangshuang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002 Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002 Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanzhi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002 Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002 Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Zha
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002 Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengsheng Jiang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Tao
- College of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiqing Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- College of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Guowang Diao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002 Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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18
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Andrezálová L, Országhová Z. Covalent and noncovalent interactions of coordination compounds with DNA: An overview. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 225:111624. [PMID: 34653826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Deoxyribonucleic acid plays a central role in crucial cellular processes, and many drugs exert their effects through binding to DNA. Since the discovery of cisplatin and its derivatives considerable attention of researchers has been focused on the development of novel anticancer metal-based drugs. Transition metal complexes, due to their great diversity in size and structure, have a big potential to modify DNA through diverse types of interactions, making them the prominent class of compounds for DNA targeted therapy. In this review we describe various binding modes of metal complexes to duplex DNA based on covalent and noncovalent interactions or combination of both. Specific examples of each binding mode as well as possible cytotoxic effects of metal complexes in tumor cells are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Andrezálová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Zuzana Országhová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
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19
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Han T, Wu Y, Han W, Yan K, Zhao J, Sun Y. Antitumor Effect of Organometallic Half-Sandwich Ru(II)-Arene Complexes Bearing a Glutathione S-Transferase Inhibitor. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:13051-13061. [PMID: 34369147 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The facile modification of the ligands in organometallic Ru(II)-arene complexes offers more opportunities to optimize their pharmacological profiles. Herein, three Ru(II)-arene complexes containing a glutathione S-transferase (GST) inhibitor (NBDHEX) in chelate ligand have been designed and synthesized in this study. In vitro results indicated that the ligation with NBDHEX significantly increased the activities and selectivities of the organometallic Ru(II)-arene complexes against tumor cells, especially complex 3, which was the most active compound among the tested compounds. DFT calculations and hydrolysis results demonstrated that complex 3 with more alkyl groups in the arene ligand has increased electron density at the Ru(II) center as compared with complexes 1 and 2, thus resulting in the improved hydrolysis rate, which may be responsible for its higher anticancer activity. Further studies showed that complexes 1-3 can cause the loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential and upregulate the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in A549 cells, suggesting that complexes 1-3-induced cell death may be mediated via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Thus, these findings suggested that simultaneous modification of the chelate ligands and arene rings in the organometallic Ru(II)-arene complexes is an effective way to improve their pharmacological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yuying Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Weinan Han
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Kaiwen Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yanyan Sun
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
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20
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Milić SSJ, Jevtić VV, Avdović EH, Petrović B, Međedović M, Petrović ĐS, Milovanović M, Milovanović J, Arsenijević N, Stojković DL, Radić GP, Stanković MJ. DNA binding, molecular docking study and antitumor activity of [PdCl2(R2-(S,S)-eddtrp)] complexes. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-021-02820-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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21
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Rasool F, Khalid M, Yar M, Ayub K, Tariq M, Hussain A, Lateef M, Kashif M, Iqbal S. Facile synthesis, DNA binding, Urease inhibition, anti-oxidant, molecular docking and DFT studies of 3-(3-Bromo-phenyl)-1-(2-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propenone and 3-(3-Bromo-5 chloro-phenyl)-1-(2-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propenone. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Jovanović-Stević S, Radisavljević S, Scheurer A, Ćoćić D, Šmit B, Petković M, Živanović MN, Virijević K, Petrović B. Bis(triazinyl)pyridine complexes of Pt(II) and Pd(II): studies of the nucleophilic substitution reactions, DNA/HSA interactions, molecular docking and biological activity. J Biol Inorg Chem 2021; 26:625-637. [PMID: 34268603 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-021-01879-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Four new complexes of Pt(II) and Pd(II), [Pd(L1)Cl]Cl 1, [Pd(L2)Cl]Cl 2, [Pt(L1)Cl]Cl 3 and [Pt(L2)Cl]Cl 4 (where L1 = 2,6-bis(5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)pyridine and L2 = 2,6-bis(5,6-dipropyl-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)pyridine), were synthesized. Characterization of the complexes was performed using elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The substitution reactions of 1-4 complexes with L-methionine (L-met), L-cysteine (L-cys) and guanosine-5'-monophosphate (5'-GMP), were studied spectrophotometrically at physiological conditions. Complexes with ligand L1 (1 or 3) were more reactive than those with ligand L2 (2 or 4) by a factor ranging up to 1.57 and 3.71, respectively. The order of reactivity of the nucleophiles was: L-met > L-cys > 5'-GMP. The interactions of complexes with calf thymus-DNA (CT-DNA) and human serum albumin (HSA) were studied by Uv-Vis absorption and fluorescence emission spectroscopy. Competitive binding studies with intercalative agent ethidium bromide (EB) and minor groove binder Hoechst 33258 were performed as well. All studied complexes can interact with DNA through the intercalation and minor groove binding, where the latter was preferred. The binding constants (103 and 104 M-1) for the interaction of complexes with HSA indicate the moderate binding affinity of complexes 1-4 to protein. The trends in the experimental results of binding studies between complexes 3 and 4 with DNA and HSA were compared to those obtained from the molecular docking study. Biological evaluation of cytotoxicity of 1 and 2 on HCT-116 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines showed significant cytotoxic and prooxidative character, while 2 also exerted extraordinary selectivity towards colon cancer in comparison to breast cancer cells. The nucleophilic substitution reactions, DNA/HSA interactions, molecular docking and biological activity of bis(triazinyl)pyridine complexes of Pt(II) and Pd(II) were studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snežana Jovanović-Stević
- Department of Natural Science, University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića Bb, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Snežana Radisavljević
- Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, R. Domanovića 12, P. O. Box 60, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Andreas Scheurer
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dušan Ćoćić
- Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, R. Domanovića 12, P. O. Box 60, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Biljana Šmit
- Department of Natural Science, University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića Bb, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marijana Petković
- "Vinča" Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11001, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko N Živanović
- Department of Natural Science, University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića Bb, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Katarina Virijević
- Department of Natural Science, University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića Bb, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Biljana Petrović
- Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, R. Domanovića 12, P. O. Box 60, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
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23
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Kumar P, Mondal I, Kulshreshtha R, Patra AK. Development of novel ruthenium(II)-arene complexes displaying potent anticancer effects in glioblastoma cells. Dalton Trans 2021; 49:13294-13310. [PMID: 32936191 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02167a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBs) are highly aggressive and malignant brain tumors, which are highly resistant to conventional multimodal treatments, leading to their abysmal prognosis. Herein, we designed two organometallic half-sandwich Ru(ii)-η6-p-cymene complexes containing Schiff bases derived from 3-aminoquinoline and 2-hydroxy-benzaldehyde (L1) and 2-hydroxy-naphthaldehyde (L2), namely [Ru(η6-p-cymene)(L1)Cl] (1) and [Ru(η6-p-cymene)(L2)Cl] (2), respectively, and studied their activity on GB cells. Both complexes were structurally characterized using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, which exhibited their half-sandwich three-legged piano-stool geometry. Furthermore, we studied their physicochemical behavior, solution speciation, aquation kinetics, and photo-substitution reactions using various spectroscopic methods. The complexes exhibited a moderate binding affinity with calf-thymus (CT)-DNA (Kb ∼ 105 M-1). The complexes effectively interacted with human serum albumin (HSA) (K ∼ 105 M-1) with preferential tryptophan binding, as determined via synchronous fluorescence studies. The in vitro studies showed their significant antiproliferative activity against an aggressive human GB cell line, LN-229 (IC50 = 22.8 μM), with moderate selectivity relative to normal mouse fibroblast L929 cells. Notably, [Ru(η6-p-cymene)(L1)Cl] (1) exhibited a higher selectivity index (S.I.) than [Ru(η6-p-cymene)(L2)Cl] (2) and cisplatin. We evaluated the clonogenic potential of the GB cells using a colony formation assay in the presence of complex 1. Excitingly, it showed ∼75% inhibition of the clonogenic potential of GB cells at the IC50 concentration. Complex 1 also effectively lowered the migratory potential of the GB cells, as assessed by the wound healing assay. The studied compound led to the apoptosis of GB cells, as evidenced by nuclear condensation, blebbing, and enhanced caspase 3/7 activity, and thus has anticipated utility in the treatment of GBs using photochemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyaranjan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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24
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Geisler H, Westermayr J, Cseh K, Wenisch D, Fuchs V, Harringer S, Plutzar S, Gajic N, Hejl M, Jakupec MA, Marquetand P, Kandioller W. Tridentate 3-Substituted Naphthoquinone Ruthenium Arene Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, Aqueous Behavior, and Theoretical and Biological Studies. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:9805-9819. [PMID: 34115482 PMCID: PMC8261824 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A series of nine RuII arene complexes bearing tridentate naphthoquinone-based N,O,O-ligands was synthesized and characterized. Aqueous stability and their hydrolysis mechanism were investigated via UV/vis photometry, HPLC-MS, and density functional theory calculations. Substituents with a positive inductive effect improved their stability at physiological pH (7.4) intensely, whereas substituents such as halogens accelerated hydrolysis and formation of dimeric pyrazolate and hydroxido bridged dimers. The observed cytotoxic profile is unusual, as complexes exhibited much higher cytotoxicity in SW480 colon cancer cells than in the broadly chemo- (incl. platinum-) sensitive CH1/PA-1 teratocarcinoma cells. This activity pattern as well as reduced or slightly enhanced ROS generation and the lack of DNA interactions indicate a mode of action different from established or previously investigated classes of metallodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Geisler
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Westermayr
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill, Coventry, CV47AL, United Kingdom
| | - Klaudia Cseh
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dominik Wenisch
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Valentin Fuchs
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sophia Harringer
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah Plutzar
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Natalie Gajic
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michaela Hejl
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael A. Jakupec
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria,Research
Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Marquetand
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 17, A-1090 Vienna, Austria,Vienna
Research Platform on Accelerating Photoreaction Discovery, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 17, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kandioller
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria,Research
Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria,. Phone: +43 1 4277
52609
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25
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Low DNA and high BSA binding affinity of cationic ruthenium(II) organometallic featuring pyridine and 2’-hydroxychalcone ligands. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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26
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DNA-and BSA-Binding Studies of Dinuclear Palladium(II) Complexes with 1,5-Naphtiridine Bridging Ligands. SERBIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/sjecr-2021-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The interactions of metal complexes with important biomolecules such as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or bovine serum albumin (BSA) are responsible for their antitumor activity due to different modes of interaction with DNA and their transport through the blood system to cells and tissues via serum albumin. Therefore, the dinuclear palladium(II) complexes, [{Pd(en)Cl}2(μ-1,5- nphe)](NO3)2 (Pd1) and [{Pd(1,3-pd)Cl}2(μ-1,5-nphe)](NO3)2 (Pd2) (en is ethylenediamine, 1,3-pd is 1,3-propylenediamine and 1,5-nphe is the bridging 1,5-naphthyridine ligand) were synthesized and characterized by different spectroscopic methods. The UV-Vis and fluorescence emission spectroscopy were applied for evaluation of binding modes of Pd1 and Pd2 complexes to DNA as well as their interaction with BSA. The emission spectra indicate that the investigated Pd1 and Pd2 complexes can displace the ethidium bromide intercalator from DNA/EtBr molecules and act as intercalators showing strong interactions with DNA. The fluorescence intensity showes that Pd1 and Pd2 complexes can bind to BSA and then be transported to the cell.
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27
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Zanda E, Busto N, Biancalana L, Zacchini S, Biver T, Garcia B, Marchetti F. Anticancer and antibacterial potential of robust Ruthenium(II) arene complexes regulated by choice of α-diimine and halide ligands. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 344:109522. [PMID: 34029541 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Several complexes of general formula [Ru(halide)(η6-p-cymene)(α-diimine)]+, in the form of nitrate, triflate and hexafluorophosphate salts, including a newly synthesized iodide compound, were investigated as potential anticancer drugs and bactericides. NMR and UV-Vis studies evidenced remarkable stability of the complexes in water and cell culture medium. In general, the complexes displayed strong cytotoxicity against A2780 and A549 cancer cell lines with IC50 values in the low micromolar range, and one complex (RUCYN) emerged as the most promising one, with a significant selectivity compared to the non-cancerous HEK293 cell line. A variable affinity of the complexes for BSA and DNA binding was ascertained by spectrophotometry/fluorimetry, circular dichroism, electrophoresis and viscometry. The performance of RUCYN appears associated to enhanced cell internalization, favored by two cyclohexyl substituents, rather than to specific interaction with the evaluated biomolecules. The chloride/iodide replacement, in one case, led to increased cellular uptake and cytotoxicity at the expense of selectivity, and tuned DNA binding towards intercalation. Complexes with iodide or a valproate bioactive fragment exhibited the best antimicrobial profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Zanda
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Natalia Busto
- Universidad de Burgos, Departamento de Química, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain.
| | - Lorenzo Biancalana
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Stefano Zacchini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Tarita Biver
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Begoña Garcia
- Universidad de Burgos, Departamento de Química, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Fabio Marchetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy.
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28
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Karmakar J, Nandy P, Das S, Bhattacharya D, Karmakar P, Bhattacharya S. Utilization of Guanidine-Based Ancillary Ligands in Arene-Ruthenium Complexes for Selective Cytotoxicity. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:8226-8238. [PMID: 33817481 PMCID: PMC8015125 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c06265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A family of three water-soluble half-sandwich arene-ruthenium complexes, depicted as C 1 -C 3 , having the general formula [Ru(p-cymene)(L)Cl]Cl has been synthesized, where L represents (1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)guanidine (L 1 ) or (benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)guanidine (L 2 ) or (benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)guanidine (L 3 ). The crystal structure of complex C 3 has been determined. The complexes show several absorption bands in the visible and ultraviolet regions, and they also show prominent emission in the visible region while excited near 400 nm. Studies on the interaction of ligands L 1 -L 3 and complexes C 1 -C 3 with calf thymus DNA reveal that the complexes are better DNA binders than the ligands, which is attributable to the imposed planarity of the ruthenium-bound guanidine-based ligand, enabling it to serve as a better intercalator. Molecular docking studies show that the complexes effectively bind with DNA through electrostatic and H-bonding interactions and partial intercalation of the guanidine-based ligands. Cytotoxicity studies carried out on two carcinoma cell lines (PC3 and A549) and on two non-cancer cell lines (BPH1 and WI-38) show a marked improvement in antitumor activity owing to complex formation, which is attributed to improvement in cellular uptake on complex formation. The C 1 complex is found to exhibit the most prominent activity against the PC3 cell line. Inclusion of the guanidine-based ligands in the half-sandwich ruthenium-arene complexes is found to be effective for displaying selective cytotoxicity to cancer cells and also for convenient tracing of the complexes in cells due to their prominent emissive nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jit Karmakar
- Department
of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Promita Nandy
- Department
of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Saurabh Das
- Department
of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Debalina Bhattacharya
- Department
of Microbiology, Maulana Azad College, Kolkata 700 013, India
- Department
of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur
University, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Parimal Karmakar
- Department
of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur
University, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Samaresh Bhattacharya
- Department
of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, India
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29
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Choroba K, Machura B, Szlapa-Kula A, Malecki JG, Raposo L, Roma-Rodrigues C, Cordeiro S, Baptista PV, Fernandes AR. Square planar Au(III), Pt(II) and Cu(II) complexes with quinoline-substituted 2,2':6',2″-terpyridine ligands: From in vitro to in vivo biological properties. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 218:113404. [PMID: 33823390 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Cisplatin has challenged cancer treatment; however, resistance and side effects hamper its use. New agents displaying improved activity and more reduced side effects relative to cisplatin are needed. In this work we present the synthesis, characterization and biological activities of three complexes with quinoline-substituted 2,2':6',2″-terpyridine ligand: [Pt(4'-(2-quin)-terpy)Cl](SO3CF3) (1), [Au(4'-(2-quin)-terpy)Cl](PF6)2·CH3CN (2) and [Cu(4'-(2-quin)-terpy)Cl](PF6) (3). The three complexes displayed a high antiproliferative activity in ovarian carcinoma cell line (A2780) and even more noticeable in a colorectal carcinoma cell line (HCT116) following the order 3 > 2 > 1. The complexes IC50 are at least 20 × lower than the IC50 displayed by cisplatin (15.4 μM) in HCT116 cell line while displaying at the same time, much reduced cytotoxicity in a normal dermal fibroblast culture. These cytotoxic activities seem to be correlated with the inclination angles of 2-quin unit to the central pyridine. Interestingly, all complexes can interact with calf-thymus DNA (CT-DNA) in vitro via different mechanisms, although intercalation seems to be the preferred mechanism at least for 2 and 3 at higher concentrations of DNA. Moreover, circular dichroism (CD) data seems to indicate that complex 3, more planar, induces a high destabilization of the DNA double helix (shift from B-form to Z-form). Higher the deviation from planar, the lower the cytotoxicity displayed by the complexes. Cellular uptake may be also responsible for the different cytotoxicity exhibited by complexes with 3 > 2 >1. Complex 2 seems to enter cells more passively while complex 1 and 3 might enter cells via energy-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Complexes 1-3 were shown to induce ROS are associated with the increased apoptosis and autophagy. Moreover, all complexes dissipate the mitochondrial membrane potential leading to an increased BAX/BCL-2 ratio that triggered apoptosis. Complexes 2 and 3 were also shown to exhibit an anti-angiogenic effect by significantly reduce the number of newly formed blood vessel in a CAM model with no toxicity in this in vivo model. Our results seem to suggest that the increased cytotoxicity of complex 3 in HCT116 cells and its potential interest for further translation to pre-clinical mice xenografts might be associated with: 1) higher % of internalization of HCT116 cells via energy-dependent and -independent mechanisms; 2) ability to intercalate DNA and due to its planarity induced higher destabilization of DNA; 3) induce intracellular ROS that trigger apoptosis and autophagy; 4) low toxicity in an in vivo model of CAM; 5) potential anti-angiogenic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Choroba
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Barbara Machura
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006, Katowice, Poland
| | - Agata Szlapa-Kula
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006, Katowice, Poland
| | - Jan G Malecki
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006, Katowice, Poland
| | - Luis Raposo
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Catarina Roma-Rodrigues
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Sandra Cordeiro
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Pedro V Baptista
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Alexandra R Fernandes
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.
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30
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Feizi-Dehnayebi M, Dehghanian E, Mansouri-Torshizi H. A novel palladium(II) antitumor agent: Synthesis, characterization, DFT perspective, CT-DNA and BSA interaction studies via in-vitro and in-silico approaches. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 249:119215. [PMID: 33262078 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Since numerous people annually pass away due to cancer, research in this field is essential. Thus a newly made and water like palladium(II) complex of formula [Pd(phen)(acac)]NO3, where phen is 1,10-phenanthroline and acac is acetylacetonato ligand, has been synthesized by the reaction between [Pd(phen)(H2O)2](NO3)2 and sodium salt of acetylacetone in the molar ratio of 1:1. It has been structurally characterized via the methods such as conductivity measurement, elemental analysis and spectroscopic methods (FT-IR, UV-Vis and 1H NMR). The geometry optimization of this complex at the DFT level of theory reveals that Pd(II) atom is situated in a square-planar geometry. The complex has been screened for its antitumor activity against K562 cancer cells which demonstrated efficacious activity. The interaction of above palladium(II) complex with CT-DNA as a target molecule for antitumor agents and BSA as a transport protein was studies by a variety of techniques. The results of UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence emission indicated that the Pd(II) complex interacts with EB + CT-DNA through hydrophobic and with BSA by hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces at very low concentrations. In these processes, the fluorescence quenching mechanism of both the macromolecules seems to be the combined dynamic and static. The interaction was further supported for CT-DNA by carrying out the gel electrophoresis and viscosity measurement and for BSA by the circular dichroism and Förster resonance energy transfer experiments. Furthermore, results of partition coefficient determination showed that the [Pd(phen)(acac)]NO3 complex is more lipophilic than that of cisplatin. Moreover, molecular docking simulation confirms the obtained results from experimental tests and reveals that the complex tends to be located at the intercalation site of DNA and Sudlow's site I of BSA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Effat Dehghanian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.
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31
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Mondal A, Sen U, Roy N, Muthukumar V, Sahoo SK, Bose B, Paira P. DNA targeting half sandwich Ru(II)- p-cymene-N^N complexes as cancer cell imaging and terminating agents: influence of regioisomers in cytotoxicity. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:979-997. [PMID: 33355328 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03107k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
For diagnosing and annihilating cancer in the human body, herein, we have adopted a one pot convenient synthetic protocol to synthesize a library of half sandwich Ru(ii)-p-cymene-N^N complexes under continuous sonication and isolated their regioisomers by preparative thin layer chromatography followed by justification of stability using DFT. The present work has resulted in a library of ruthenium arene complexes and their isolated regioisomers following environmentally benign green processes and their screening of anticancer activity in terms of cytotoxicity and selectivity against cancer cell lines where [(η6-p-cymene)RuCl{2-(5,6-dichloro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-yl)quinolone}] (11j) has been elicited to be significantly more potent as well as selective in Caco-2 and HeLa cell lines than the normal HEK-293 cell line compared to cisplatin and it has even shown marked cytotoxicity against the more aggressive HT-29 colorectal cancer cell line being capable of producing oxidative stress or arresting the cell cycle. Moreover, these types of Ru(ii)-arene complexes exhibited excellent binding efficacy with DNA and the compounds [(η6-p-cymene)RuCl{5-chloro-2-(6-(4-chlorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl)benzo[d]thiazole}]PF6 (8l4), [(η6-p-cymene)Ru-2-(6-(benzofuran-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl)-5-chlorobenzo[d]thiazole (8l9) and [(η6-p-cymene)RuCl{2-(6-nitro-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)quinolone}]Cl (11f') and might be applied for cancer theranostic treatment due to their good fluorescence properties and remarkable potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashaparna Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, School of advanced sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore, 632014, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Utsav Sen
- Department Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Centre, Institution Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya University, University Road, Derlakatte, Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India.
| | - Nilmadhab Roy
- Department of Chemistry, School of advanced sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore, 632014, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Venkatesan Muthukumar
- Department of Chemistry, School of advanced sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore, 632014, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Suban Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, S.V. National Institute of Technology (SVNIT), Ichchanath, Surat, Gujrat-395 007, India.
| | - Bipasha Bose
- Department Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Centre, Institution Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya University, University Road, Derlakatte, Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India.
| | - Priyankar Paira
- Department of Chemistry, School of advanced sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore, 632014, Tamilnadu, India.
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32
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Babu LT, Paira P. 9-Arylacenaphtho[1,2- b]quinoxalines via Suzuki coupling reaction as cancer therapeutic and cellular imaging agents. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03915f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A series of 9-arylacenaphtho[1,2-b]quinoxaline analogues have been synthesized via a Suzuki coupling reaction in a one pot sequence. These are capable of imaging, as well as terminating, cancer cells in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavanya Thilak Babu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Priyankar Paira
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamilnadu, India
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33
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Srivastava P, Verma M, Kumar A, Srivastava P, Mishra R, Sivakumar S, Patra AK. Luminescent naphthalimide-tagged ruthenium(ii)–arene complexes: cellular imaging, photocytotoxicity and transferrin binding. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:3629-3640. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02967j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Two luminescent ruthenium(ii)–arene complexes containing a naphthalimide tagged morpholine moiety were studied for their biomaging, transferrin-binding and phototherapeutic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payal Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur 208016
- India
| | - Madhu Verma
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur 208016
- India
| | - Anmol Kumar
- School of Pharmacy
- Computer-Aided Drug Design Center
- University of Maryland
- Baltimore
- USA
| | - Priyanka Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur 208016
- India
| | - Ramranjan Mishra
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur 208016
- India
| | - Sri Sivakumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur 208016
- India
| | - Ashis K. Patra
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur 208016
- India
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34
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Petrović AZ, Ćoćić DC, Bockfeld D, Živanović M, Milivojević N, Virijević K, Janković N, Scheurer A, Vraneš M, Bogojeski JV. Biological activity of bis(pyrazolylpyridine) and terpiridine Os( ii) complexes in the presence of biocompatible ionic liquids. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi01540g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
New bis(pyrazolylpyridine) Os(ii) complexes showing possible biological activity with diverse modes of action in the presence of biocompatible ionic liquids as non-toxic cosolvents for sparingly soluble complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dušan C. Ćoćić
- University of Kragujevac
- Faculty of Science
- 34000 Kragujevac
- Serbia
| | - Dirk Bockfeld
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
| | - Marko Živanović
- University of Kragujevac
- Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac
- Department of Science
- 34000 Kragujevac
- Serbia
| | - Nevena Milivojević
- University of Kragujevac
- Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac
- Department of Science
- 34000 Kragujevac
- Serbia
| | - Katarina Virijević
- University of Kragujevac
- Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac
- Department of Science
- 34000 Kragujevac
- Serbia
| | - Nenad Janković
- University of Kragujevac
- Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac
- Department of Science
- 34000 Kragujevac
- Serbia
| | - Andreas Scheurer
- Inorganic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- University of Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Milan Vraneš
- Department of Chemistry
- Biochemistry and Environmental Protection University of Novi Sad
- Faculty of Science
- 21000 Novi Sad
- Serbia
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Palermo G, Spinello A, Saha A, Magistrato A. Frontiers of metal-coordinating drug design. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2020; 16:497-511. [PMID: 33874825 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2021.1851188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The occurrence of metal ions in biomolecules is required to exert vital cellular functions. Metal-containing biomolecules can be modulated by small-molecule inhibitors targeting their metal-moiety. As well, the discovery of cisplatin ushered the rational discovery of metal-containing-drugs. The use of both drug types exploiting metal-ligand interactions is well established to treat distinct pathologies. Therefore, characterizing and leveraging metal-coordinating drugs is a pivotal, yet challenging, part of medicinal chemistry.Area covered: Atomic-level simulations are increasingly employed to overcome the challenges met by traditional drug-discovery approaches and to complement wet-lab experiments in elucidating the mechanisms of drugs' action. Multiscale simulations, allow deciphering the mechanism of metal-binding inhibitors and metallo-containing-drugs, enabling a reliable description of metal-complexes in their biological environment. In this compendium, the authors review selected applications exploiting the metal-ligand interactions by focusing on understanding the mechanism and design of (i) inhibitors targeting iron and zinc-enzymes, and (ii) ruthenium and gold-based anticancer agents targeting the nucleosome and aquaporin protein, respectively.Expert opinion: The showcased applications exemplify the current role and the potential of atomic-level simulations and reveal how their synergic use with experiments can contribute to uncover fundamental mechanistic facets and exploit metal-ligand interactions in medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Palermo
- Department of Bioengineering and Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, United States
| | - Angelo Spinello
- National Research Council (CNR) of Italy, Institute of Material (IOM) @ International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
| | - Aakash Saha
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, United States
| | - Alessandra Magistrato
- National Research Council (CNR) of Italy, Institute of Material (IOM) @ International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
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Masternak J, Gilewska A, Barszcz B, Łakomska I, Kazimierczuk K, Sitkowski J, Wietrzyk J, Kamecka A, Milczarek M. Ruthenium(II) and Iridium(III) Complexes as Tested Materials for New Anticancer Agents. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E3491. [PMID: 32784666 PMCID: PMC7475896 DOI: 10.3390/ma13163491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The oncological use of cisplatin is hindered by its severe side effects and a very important resistance problem. To overcome these problems, scientists have attempted to design new generation transition-metal anticancer complexes. In this study, we present new complexes, ruthenium(II) [(η6-p-cymene)RuCl(py2CO)]PF6 (1), iridium(III) [(η5-Cp)IrCl(py2CO)]PF6 (2), and NH4[IrCl4(py2CO)]·H2O (3), based on di-2-pyridylketone (py2CO). The prepared complexes were characterized by FTIR, 1H, 13C, 15N NMR, UV-Vis, PL and elemental analysis techniques. The single-crystal X-ray structure analysis and comparative data revealed pseudo-octahedral half-sandwich 1 and 2 complexes and octahedral tetrachloroiridate(III) 3 with a rare chelating κ2N,O coordination mode of py2CO. The compounds were tested in vitro against three cancer cell lines-colorectal adenoma (LoVo), myelomonocytic leukaemia (MV-4-11), breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), and normal fibroblasts (BALB/3T3). The most promising results were obtained for iridium(III) complex 3 against MV-4-11 (IC50 = 35.8 ± 13.9 µg/mL) without a toxic effect against normal BALB/3T3, which pointed towards its selectivity as a potential anticancer agent. Extensive research into their mode of binding with DNA confirmed for 1 and 2 complexes non-classical binding modes, while the 3D circular dichroism (CD) experiment (ΔTm) suggested that 3 induced the probable formation of covalent bonds with DNA. In addition, the obtained iridium complexes induce ROS, which, in synergy with hydrolysis promoting DNA bonding, may lead to cancer cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Masternak
- Institute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland; (A.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Agnieszka Gilewska
- Institute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland; (A.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Barbara Barszcz
- Institute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland; (A.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Iwona Łakomska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kazimierczuk
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12 G., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Jerzy Sitkowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academic of Science, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland;
- National Medicines Institute, Chełmska 30/34, 00-725 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Joanna Wietrzyk
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (J.W.), (M.M.)
| | - Anna Kamecka
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities in Siedlce, 3 Maja 54, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Milczarek
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (J.W.), (M.M.)
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Ru, Rh and Ir metal complexes of pyridyl chalcone derivatives: Their potent antibacterial activity, comparable cytotoxicity potency and selectivity to cisplatin. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Sonkar C, Malviya N, Ranjan R, Pakhira S, Mukhopadhyay S. Mechanistic Insight for Targeting Biomolecules by Ruthenium(II) NSAID Complexes. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:4600-4612. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chanchal Sonkar
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore 453552, India
| | - Novina Malviya
- Discipline of Chemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore 453552, India
| | - Rishi Ranjan
- Discipline of Chemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore 453552, India
| | - Srimanta Pakhira
- Discipline of Physics, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore 453552, India
- Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science (MEMS), School of Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore 453552, India
| | - Suman Mukhopadhyay
- Discipline of Chemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore 453552, India
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore 453552, India
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Petrović A, Živanović M, Puchta R, Ćoćić D, Scheurer A, Milivojevic N, Bogojeski J. Experimental and quantum chemical study оn the DNA/protein binding and the biological activity of a rhodium(iii) complex with 1,2,4-triazole as an inert ligand. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:9070-9085. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01343a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A rhodium(iii) complex with 1,2,4-triazole and a pincer type nitrogen-donor ligand was synthesized, and its interaction with biomolecules was examined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marko Živanović
- University of Kragujevac
- Institute of Information Technologies Kragujevac
- 34000 Kragujevac
- Serbia
| | - Ralph Puchta
- Inorganic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- University of Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Dušan Ćoćić
- University of Kragujevac
- Faculty of Science
- 34000 Kragujevac
- Serbia
| | - Andreas Scheurer
- Inorganic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- University of Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Nevena Milivojevic
- University of Kragujevac
- Institute of Information Technologies Kragujevac
- 34000 Kragujevac
- Serbia
| | - Jovana Bogojeski
- University of Kragujevac
- Faculty of Science
- 34000 Kragujevac
- Serbia
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Chemistry and reactivity of ruthenium(II) complexes: DNA/protein binding mode and anticancer activity are related to the complex structure. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Translesion DNA Synthesis Across Lesions Induced by Oxidative Products of Pyrimidines: An Insight into the Mechanism by Microscale Thermophoresis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20205012. [PMID: 31658654 PMCID: PMC6829345 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress in cells can lead to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and oxidation of DNA precursors. Oxidized nucleotides such as 2'-deoxyribo-5-hydroxyuridin (HdU) and 2'-deoxyribo-5-hydroxymethyluridin (HMdU) can be inserted into DNA during replication and repair. HdU and HMdU have attracted particular interest because they have different effects on damaged-DNA processing enzymes that control the downstream effects of the lesions. Herein, we studied the chemically simulated translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) across the lesions formed by HdU or HMdU using microscale thermophoresis (MST). The thermodynamic changes associated with replication across HdU or HMdU show that the HdU paired with the mismatched deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates disturbs DNA duplexes considerably less than thymidine (dT) or HMdU. Moreover, we also demonstrate that TLS by DNA polymerases across the lesion derived from HdU was markedly less extensive and potentially more mutagenic than that across the lesion formed by HMdU. Thus, DNA polymerization by DNA polymerase η (polη), the exonuclease-deficient Klenow fragment of DNA polymerase I (KF-), and reverse transcriptase from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1 RT) across these pyrimidine lesions correlated with the different stabilization effects of the HdU and HMdU in DNA duplexes revealed by MST. The equilibrium thermodynamic data obtained by MST can explain the influence of the thermodynamic alterations on the ability of DNA polymerases to bypass lesions induced by oxidative products of pyrimidines. The results also highlighted the usefulness of MST in evaluating the impact of oxidative products of pyrimidines on the processing of these lesions by damaged DNA processing enzymes.
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Bellam R, Jaganyi D, Mambanda A, Robinson R, BalaKumaran MD. Seven membered chelate Pt(ii) complexes with 2,3-di(2-pyridyl)quinoxaline ligands: studies of substitution kinetics by sulfur donor nucleophiles, interactions with CT-DNA, BSA and in vitro cytotoxicity activities. RSC Adv 2019; 9:31877-31894. [PMID: 35530785 PMCID: PMC9072748 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06488e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dichloro platinum(ii) complexes coordinated with 2,3-di(2-pyridyl)quinoxaline ligands which form seven-membered chelates namely, bpqPtCl2, dmbpqPtCl2 and bbqPtCl2 (where bpq, dmbpq and bbq are 2,3-di(2-pyridyl)quinoxaline, 6,7-dimethyl-2,3-di(2-pyridyl)quinoxaline and 2,3-bis(2'pyriyl)benzo[g]quinoxaline, respectively) were synthesized, characterised and their respective hydrated product complexes namely, bpqPt(OH2)2 2+, dmbpqPt(OH2)2 2+ and bbqPt(OH2)2 2+ were prepared by chloride metathesis. The substitution kinetics of the aquated cations by thiourea nucleophiles indicated that the two aqua ligands are substituted simultaneously according to the rate law: k obs = k 2[Nu]. This is followed by a forced dechelation of the ligands from the Pt (II) to form Pt(Nu)4 2+ species. The dechelation step is considerably slow to be monitored reliably. The rate of substitution is marginally enhanced by introducing two methyl groups and by extending the π-conjugation on the bpq core ligand. The reactivity order increased as bpqPt(OH2)2 2+ < dmbpqPt(OH2)2 2+ < bbqPt(OH2)2 2+. Reactivity trends were well supported by theoretical computed DFT electronic descriptors. The interactions of the Pt(ii) complexes with CT-DNA and BSA were also examined spectroscopically in tris buffers at pH 7.2. Spectroscopic and viscosity measurements suggested strong associative interactions between the Pt(ii) complexes and CT-DNA, most likely through groove binding. In silico theoretical binding studies showed energetically stable poses through associative non-covalent interactions. In vitro MTT cytotoxicity IC50 values of the Pt(ii) complexes on human liver carcinoma cells (HepG2) cancer cell lines revealed bbqPtCl2 as the least active. The fluorescence staining assays revealed the morphological changes suggested early apoptotic induction as well as non-specific necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Bellam
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal Private Bag X01, Scottsville Pietermaritzburg 3209 South Africa
| | - Deogratius Jaganyi
- School of Science, College of Science and Technology, University of Rwanda P.O. Box 4285 Kigali Rwanda
- Department of Chemistry, Durban University of Technology P.O. Box 1334 Durban 4000 South Africa
| | - Allen Mambanda
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal Private Bag X01, Scottsville Pietermaritzburg 3209 South Africa
| | - Ross Robinson
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal Private Bag X01, Scottsville Pietermaritzburg 3209 South Africa
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Synthesis, characterization, DFT study, DNA/BSA-binding affinity, and cytotoxicity of some dinuclear and trinuclear gold(III) complexes. J Biol Inorg Chem 2019; 24:1057-1076. [PMID: 31489480 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-019-01716-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we have synthesized a series of dinuclear and trinuclear gold(III) complexes of the general formula [Au2(N-N)Cl6] (1-3) for dinuclear and [Au3(N-N)2Cl8]+ (4-6) for trinuclear compounds, respectively, in which N-N is a bidentate ligand (1,4-diaminobutane; 1,6-diaminohexane or 1,8-diaminooctane). These complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, and spectroscopic techniques (IR, UV-Vis, 1H NMR, ESI-MS). We performed DFT calculations to get insight into the geometry of the studies complexes. DNA-binding studies were performed by UV-Vis spectrophotometry and fluorescence spectroscopy. The results of competitive reactions between gold(III) complexes and ethidium bromide (EB) towards DNA have shown that selected complexes can displace EB from DNA-EB adduct. In addition, these experiments confirm that polynuclear gold(III) complexes interact with DNA covalently or via intercalation. Furthermore, high values of binding constants of gold(III) complexes towards bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein indicate good binding affinity. In addition, redox stability of complexes in the presence of DNA/BSA was confirmed by cyclic voltammetry. Results of the interactions between gold(III) complexes with DNA/BSA were discussed in reference to molecular docking data obtain by Molegro virtual docker. The cytotoxic activity of synthesized gold(III) complexes was evaluated on human breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231), human colorectal cancer cell line (HCT-116), and normal human lung fibroblast cell line (MRC-5). All complexes dose-dependently reduced cancer and normal cells viabilities, with significant cytotoxic effects (IC50 < 25 μM) for trinuclear gold(III) complexes (4, 5) on HCT-116 cells.
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Kumar B, Ghosh R, Mora AK, Nath S. Anthryl Benzothiazolium Molecular Rotor-Based Turn-On DNA Probe: Detailed Mechanistic Studies. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:7518-7527. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b05570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bhupesh Kumar
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Rajib Ghosh
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Aruna K. Mora
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Sukhendu Nath
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400085, India
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Development and future prospects of selective organometallic compounds as anticancer drug candidates exhibiting novel modes of action. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 175:269-286. [PMID: 31096151 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Dömötör O, Enyedy ÉA. Binding mechanisms of half-sandwich Rh(III) and Ru(II) arene complexes on human serum albumin: a comparative study. J Biol Inorg Chem 2019; 24:703-719. [PMID: 31300922 PMCID: PMC6682546 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-019-01683-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Various half-sandwich ruthenium(II) arene complexes and rhodium(III) arene complexes have been intensively investigated due to their prominent anticancer activity. The interaction of the organometallic complexes of Ru(η6-p-cymene) and Rh(η5-C5Me5) with human serum albumin (HSA) was studied in detail by a combination of various methods such as ultrafiltration, capillary electrophoresis, 1H NMR spectroscopy, fluorometry and UV–visible spectrophotometry in the presence of 100 mM chloride ions. Binding characteristics of the organometallic ions and their complexes with deferiprone, 2-picolinic acid, maltol, 6-methyl-2-picolinic acid and 2-quinaldic acid were evaluated. Kinetic aspects and reversibility of the albumin binding are also discussed. The effect of low-molecular-mass blood components on the protein binding was studied in addition to the interaction of organorhodium complexes with cell culture medium components. The organometallic ions were found to bind to HSA to a high extent via a coordination bond. Release of the bound metal ions was kinetically hindered and could not be induced by the denaturation of the protein. Binding of the Ru(η6-p-cymene) triaqua cation was much slower (ca. 24 h) compared to the rhodium congener (few min), while their complexes interacted with the protein relatively fast (1–2 h). The studied complexes were bound to HSA coordinatively. The highly stable and kinetically inert 2-picolinate Ru(η6-p-cymene) complex bound in an associative manner preserving its original entity, while lower stability complexes decomposed partly or completely upon binding to HSA. Fast, non-specific and high-affinity binding of the complexes on HSA highlights their coordinative interaction with various types of proteins possibly decreasing effective drug concentration. Graphic abstract ![]()
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00775-019-01683-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orsolya Dömötör
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, 6720, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Éva A Enyedy
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, 6720, Szeged, Hungary.
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Yuan JM, Wei K, Zhang GH, Chen NY, Wei XW, Pan CX, Mo DL, Su GF. Cryptolepine and aromathecin based mimics as potent G-quadruplex-binding, DNA-cleavage and anticancer agents: Design, synthesis and DNA targeting-induced apoptosis. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 169:144-158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.02.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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