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Hao JF, Qi CH, Yu BY, Wang HY, Gao RY, Yamano N, Ma F, Wang P, Xin YY, Zhang CF, Yu LJ, Zhang JP. Light-Quality-Adapted Carotenoid Photoprotection in the Photosystem of Roseiflexus castenholzii. J Phys Chem Lett 2024:3470-3477. [PMID: 38512331 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The photosystem of filamentous anoxygenic phototroph Roseiflexus (Rfl.) castenholzii comprises a light-harvesting (LH) complex encircling a reaction center (RC), which intensely absorbs blue-green light by carotenoid (Car) and near-infrared light by bacteriochlorophyll (BChl). To explore the influence of light quality (color) on the photosynthetic activity, we compared the pigment compositions and triplet excitation dynamics of the LH-RCs from Rfl. castenholzii was adapted to blue-green light (bg-LH-RC) and to near-infrared light (nir-LH-RC). Both LH-RCs bind γ-carotene derivatives; however, compared to that of nir-LH-RC (12%), bg-LH-RC contains substantially higher keto-γ-carotene content (43%) and shows considerably faster BChl-to-Car triplet excitation transfer (10.9 ns vs 15.0 ns). For bg-LH-RC, but not nir-LH-RC, selective photoexcitation of Car and the 800 nm-absorbing BChl led to Car-to-Car triplet transfer and BChl-Car singlet fission reactions, respectively. The unique excitation dynamics of bg-LH-RC enhances its photoprotection, which is crucial for the survival of aquatic anoxygenic phototrophs from photooxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Fang Hao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Chen-Hui Qi
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, P. R. China
| | - Bu-Yang Yu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures & School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Hao-Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Rong-Yao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Nami Yamano
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Fei Ma
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, P. R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Yong Xin
- Hangzhou Normal University, 2318 Yuhangtang Road, Cangqian, Yuhang District, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chun-Feng Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures & School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Long-Jiang Yu
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Ping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
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2
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Gardiner AT, Mujakić I, Bína D, Gardian Z, Kopejtka K, Nupur, Qian P, Koblížek M. Characterisation of the photosynthetic complexes from the marine gammaproteobacterium Congregibacter litoralis KT71. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2023; 1864:148946. [PMID: 36455648 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2022.148946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Possibly the most abundant group of anoxygenic phototrophs are marine photoheterotrophic Gammaproteobacteria belonging to the NOR5/OM60 clade. As little is known about their photosynthetic apparatus, the photosynthetic complexes from the marine phototrophic bacterium Congregibacter litoralis KT71 were purified and spectroscopically characterised. The intra-cytoplasmic membranes contain a smaller amount of photosynthetic complexes when compared with anaerobic purple bacteria. Moreover, the intra-cytoplasmic membranes contain only a minimum amount of peripheral LH2 complexes. The complexes are populated by bacteriochlorophyll a, spirilloxanthin and two novel ketocarotenoids, with biophysical and biochemical properties similar to previously characterised complexes from purple bacteria. The organization of the RC-LH1 complex has been further characterised using cryo-electron microscopy. The overall organisation is similar to the complex from the gammaproteobacterium Thermochromatium tepidum, with the type-II reaction centre surrounded by a slightly elliptical LH1 antenna ring composed of 16 αβ-subunits with no discernible gap or pore. The RC-LH1 and LH2 apoproteins are phylogenetically related to other halophilic species but LH2 also to some alphaproteobacterial species. It seems that the reduction of light-harvesting apparatus and acquisition of novel ketocarotenoids in Congregibacter litoralis KT71 represent specific adaptations for operating the anoxygenic photosynthesis under aerobic conditions at sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alastair T Gardiner
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Izabela Mujakić
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - David Bína
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Branišovská 1760, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenko Gardian
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Parasitology, Branišovská 1760, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Kopejtka
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Nupur
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Pu Qian
- Materials and Structure Analysis, Thermofisher Scientific, Achtseweg Noord 5, 5651 GG Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Michal Koblížek
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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Zbyradowski M, Duda M, Wisniewska-Becker A, Heriyanto, Rajwa W, Fiedor J, Cvetkovic D, Pilch M, Fiedor L. Triplet-driven chemical reactivity of β-carotene and its biological implications. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2474. [PMID: 35513374 PMCID: PMC9072317 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30095-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoperoxides of β-carotene (βCar-EPOs) are regarded as main products of the chemical deactivation of 1O2 by β-carotene, one of the most important antioxidants, following a concerted singlet-singlet reaction. Here we challenge this view by showing that βCar-EPOs are formed in the absence of 1O2 in a non-concerted triplet-triplet reaction: 3O2 + 3β-carotene → βCar-EPOs, in which 3β-carotene manifests a strong biradical character. Thus, the reactivity of β-carotene towards oxygen is governed by its excited triplet state. βCar-EPOs, while being stable in the dark, are photochemically labile, and are a rare example of nonaromatic endoperoxides that release 1O2, again not in a concerted reaction. Their light-induced breakdown triggers an avalanche of free radicals, which accounts for the pro-oxidant activity of β-carotene and the puzzling swap from its anti- to pro-oxidant features. Furthermore, we show that βCar-EPOs, and carotenoids in general, weakly sensitize 1O2. These findings underlie the key role of the triplet state in determining the chemical and photophysical features of β-carotene. They shake up the prevailing models of carotenoid photophysics, the anti-oxidant functioning of β-carotene, and the role of 1O2 in chemical signaling in biological photosynthetic systems. βCar-EPOs and their degradation products are not markers of 1O2 and oxidative stress but of the overproduction of extremely hazardous chlorophyll triplets in photosystems. Hence, the chemical signaling of overexcitation of the photosynthetic apparatus is based on a 3chlorophyll-3β-carotene relay, rather than on extremely short-lived 1O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Zbyradowski
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Cracow, Poland
| | - Mariusz Duda
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Cracow, Poland
| | - Anna Wisniewska-Becker
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Cracow, Poland
| | - Heriyanto
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Cracow, Poland.,Ma Chung Research Center for Photosynthetic Pigments, Ma Chung University, Villa Puncak Tidar N-01, Malang, 65151, Indonesia
| | - Weronika Rajwa
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Cracow, Poland
| | - Joanna Fiedor
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH-University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Cracow, Poland
| | - Dragan Cvetkovic
- Faculty of Technology, University of Niš, 16000, Leskovac, Serbia
| | - Mariusz Pilch
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Cracow, Poland.,Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Leszek Fiedor
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Cracow, Poland.
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Effects of low-molecular-weight polyols on the hydration status of the light-harvesting complex 2 from Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2021; 20:627-637. [PMID: 33913116 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-021-00046-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Low-molecular-weight (MW) polyols are organic osmolytes influencing water activity. We have investigated the effects of polyol molecules (glycerol and sorbitol) on the optical and triplet excitation dynamics of light-harvesting complex 2 (LH2) from Rhodobacter (Rba.) sphaeroides in buffer-detergent solutions. The resonance Raman spectroscopy demonstrated that, on increasing glycerol and sorbitol volume fractions ranging from 0 to 80% (v/v) (accompanied by the decreasing water activities), the planar and all-trans conformation of carotenoids (Crts) remained unchanged, and the bacteriochlorophyll a (BChl) Qy absorption intensity decreased. The B850 fluorescence amplitude elevated in the 20-80% v/v sorbitol and 20-40% v/v glycerol solution, but decreased in 80% v/v glycerol solution. The change of 3[Crt*-BChl] interaction bands caused by 3Crt*-BChl interaction had no obvious correlation with water activities against polyol volume fractions, which are rationalized by the water activity sensitive of C- and N-termini of protein which binding with BChls. The results suggest that Rba. sphaeroides LH2 is more sensitive to low-molecular-weight polyols compared with that of the thermophiles purple bacterium Thermochromatium (Tch.) tepidum we had investigated before.
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5
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Uragami C, Sato H, Yukihira N, Fujiwara M, Kosumi D, Gardiner AT, Cogdell RJ, Hashimoto H. Photoprotective mechanisms in the core LH1 antenna pigment-protein complex from the purple photosynthetic bacterium, Rhodospirillum rubrum. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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6
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Niedzwiedzki DM, Swainsbury DJK, Hunter CN. Carotenoid-to-(bacterio)chlorophyll energy transfer in LH2 antenna complexes from Rba. sphaeroides reconstituted with non-native (bacterio)chlorophylls. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2020; 144:155-169. [PMID: 31350671 PMCID: PMC7203092 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-019-00661-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Six variants of the LH2 antenna complex from Rba. sphaeroides, comprising the native B800-B850, B800-free LH2 (B850) and four LH2s with various (bacterio)chlorophylls reconstituted into the B800 site, have been investigated with static and time-resolved optical spectroscopies at room temperature and at 77 K. The study particularly focused on how reconstitution of a non-native (bacterio)chlorophylls affects excitation energy transfer between the naturally bound carotenoid spheroidene and artificially substituted pigments in the B800 site. Results demonstrate there is no apparent trend in the overall energy transfer rate from spheroidene to B850 bacteriochlorophyll a; however, a trend in energy transfer rate from the spheroidene S1 state to Qy of the B800 (bacterio)chlorophylls is noticeable. These outcomes were applied to test the validity of previously proposed energy values of the spheroidene S1 state, supporting a value in the vicinity of 13,400 cm-1 (746 nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz M Niedzwiedzki
- Center for Solar Energy and Energy Storage, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
| | - David J K Swainsbury
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - C Neil Hunter
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
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7
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A photosynthetic antenna complex foregoes unity carotenoid-to-bacteriochlorophyll energy transfer efficiency to ensure photoprotection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:6502-6508. [PMID: 32139606 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1920923117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids play a number of important roles in photosynthesis, primarily providing light-harvesting and photoprotective energy dissipation functions within pigment-protein complexes. The carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) conjugation length of carotenoids (N), generally between 9 and 15, determines the carotenoid-to-(bacterio)chlorophyll [(B)Chl] energy transfer efficiency. Here we purified and spectroscopically characterized light-harvesting complex 2 (LH2) from Rhodobacter sphaeroides containing the N = 7 carotenoid zeta (ζ)-carotene, not previously incorporated within a natural antenna complex. Transient absorption and time-resolved fluorescence show that, relative to the lifetime of the S1 state of ζ-carotene in solvent, the lifetime decreases ∼250-fold when ζ-carotene is incorporated within LH2, due to transfer of excitation energy to the B800 and B850 BChls a These measurements show that energy transfer proceeds with an efficiency of ∼100%, primarily via the S1 → Qx route because the S1 → S0 fluorescence emission of ζ-carotene overlaps almost perfectly with the Qx absorption band of the BChls. However, transient absorption measurements performed on microsecond timescales reveal that, unlike the native N ≥ 9 carotenoids normally utilized in light-harvesting complexes, ζ-carotene does not quench excited triplet states of BChl a, likely due to elevation of the ζ-carotene triplet energy state above that of BChl a These findings provide insights into the coevolution of photosynthetic pigments and pigment-protein complexes. We propose that the N ≥ 9 carotenoids found in light-harvesting antenna complexes represent a vital compromise that retains an acceptable level of energy transfer from carotenoids to (B)Chls while allowing acquisition of a new, essential function, namely, photoprotective quenching of harmful (B)Chl triplets.
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8
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Yukihira N, Sugai Y, Fujiwara M, Kosumi D, Iha M, Sakaguchi K, Katsumura S, Gardiner AT, Cogdell RJ, Hashimoto H. Strategies to enhance the excitation energy-transfer efficiency in a light-harvesting system using the intra-molecular charge transfer character of carotenoids. Faraday Discuss 2019; 198:59-71. [PMID: 28294216 DOI: 10.1039/c6fd00211k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fucoxanthin is a carotenoid that is mainly found in light-harvesting complexes from brown algae and diatoms. Due to the presence of a carbonyl group attached to polyene chains in polar environments, excitation produces an excited intra-molecular charge transfer. This intra-molecular charge transfer state plays a key role in the highly efficient (∼95%) energy-transfer from fucoxanthin to chlorophyll a in the light-harvesting complexes from brown algae. In purple bacterial light-harvesting systems the efficiency of excitation energy-transfer from carotenoids to bacteriochlorophylls depends on the extent of conjugation of the carotenoids. In this study we were successful, for the first time, in incorporating fucoxanthin into a light-harvesting complex 1 from the purple photosynthetic bacterium, Rhodospirillum rubrum G9+ (a carotenoidless strain). Femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy was applied to this reconstituted light-harvesting complex in order to determine the efficiency of excitation energy-transfer from fucoxanthin to bacteriochlorophyll a when they are bound to the light-harvesting 1 apo-proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nao Yukihira
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, 669-1337, Japan.
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9
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Yu J, Tan LM, Kawakami T, Wang P, Fu LM, Wang-Otomo ZY, Zhang JP. Cooperative Photoprotection by Multicompositional Carotenoids in the LH1 Antenna from a Mutant Strain of Rhodobacter sphaeroides. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:8028-8036. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b06080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Li-Ming Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | | | - Peng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Li-Min Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | | | - Jian-Ping Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
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10
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Sipka G, Maróti P. Photoprotection in intact cells of photosynthetic bacteria: quenching of bacteriochlorophyll fluorescence by carotenoid triplets. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2018; 136:17-30. [PMID: 29064080 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-017-0434-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Upon high light excitation in photosynthetic bacteria, various triplet states of pigments can accumulate leading to harmful effects. Here, the generation and lifetime of flash-induced carotenoid triplets (3Car) have been studied by observation of the quenching of bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) fluorescence in different strains of photosynthetic bacteria including Rvx. gelatinosus (anaerobic and semianaerobic), Rsp. rubrum, Thio. roseopersicina, Rba. sphaeroides 2.4.1 and carotenoid- and cytochrome-deficient mutants Rba. sphaeroides Ga, R-26, and cycA, respectively. The following results were obtained: (1) 3Car quenching is observed during and not exclusively after the photochemical rise of the fluorescence yield of BChl indicating that the charge separation in the reaction center (RC) and the carotenoid triplet formation are not consecutive but parallel processes. (2) The photoprotective function of 3Car is not limited to the RC only and can be described by a model in which the carotenoids are distributed in the lake of the BChl pigments. (3) The observed lifetime of 3Car in intact cells is the weighted average of the lifetimes of the carotenoids with various numbers of conjugated double bonds in the bacterial strain. (4) The lifetime of 3Car measured in the light is significantly shorter (1-2 μs) than that measured in the dark (2-10 μs). The difference reveals the importance of the dynamics of 3Car before relaxation. The results will be discussed not only in terms of energy levels of the 3Car but also in terms of the kinetics of transitions among different sublevels in the excited triplet state of the carotenoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Sipka
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Péter Maróti
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1, Szeged, 6720, Hungary.
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Yu J, Fu LM, Yu LJ, Shi Y, Wang P, Wang-Otomo ZY, Zhang JP. Carotenoid Singlet Fission Reactions in Bacterial Light Harvesting Complexes As Revealed by Triplet Excitation Profiles. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:15984-15993. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b09809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yu
- Department
of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Li-Min Fu
- Department
of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Long-Jiang Yu
- Faculty
of Science, Ibaraki University, Mito 310-8512, Japan
- Department
of Biology, Faculty of Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Ying Shi
- Department
of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | | | - Jian-Ping Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
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12
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Niedzwiedzki DM, Swainsbury DJK, Martin EC, Hunter CN, Blankenship RE. Origin of the S* Excited State Feature of Carotenoids in Light-Harvesting Complex 1 from Purple Photosynthetic Bacteria. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:7571-7585. [PMID: 28719215 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b04251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This spectroscopic study investigates the origin of the transient feature of the S* excited state of carotenoids bound in LH1 complexes from purple bacteria. The studies were performed on two RC-LH1 complexes from Rba. sphaeroides strains that bound carotenoids with different carbon-carbon double bond conjugation N, neurosporene (N = 9) and spirilloxanthin (N = 13). The S* transient spectral feature, originally associated with an elusive and optically silent excited state of spirilloxanthin in the LH1 complex, may be successfully explained and mimicked without involving any unknown electronic state. The spectral and temporal characteristics of the S* feature suggest that it is associated with triplet-triplet annihilation of carotenoid triplets formed after direct excitation of the molecule via a singlet fission mechanism. Depending on pigment homogeneity and carotenoid assembly in the LH1 complex, the spectro-temporal component associated with triplet-triplet annihilation may simply resolve a pure T-S spectrum of a carotenoid. In some cases (like spirilloxanthin), the T-S feature will also be accompanied by a carotenoid Stark spectrum and/or residual transient absorption of minor carotenoid species bound into LH1 antenna complex.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David J K Swainsbury
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield , Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth C Martin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield , Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - C Neil Hunter
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield , Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
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13
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Shi Y, Yu J, Yu LJ, Wang P, Fu LM, Zhang JP, Wang-Otomo ZY. Dependence of the hydration status of bacterial light-harvesting complex 2 on polyol cosolvents. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2017; 16:795-807. [DOI: 10.1039/c6pp00270f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tch. tepidumLH2 hydration correlates with water activity in water–polyol binary solvents as sensitively probed by near infrared electronic spectra and characteristic triplet carotenoid–bacteriochlorophyll interaction bands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shi
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 1000872
- P. R. China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 1000872
- P. R. China
| | - Long-Jiang Yu
- Faculty of Science
- Ibaraki University
- Mito 310-8512
- Japan
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 1000872
- P. R. China
| | - Li-Min Fu
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 1000872
- P. R. China
| | - Jian-Ping Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 1000872
- P. R. China
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14
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Białek R, Burdziński G, Jones MR, Gibasiewicz K. Bacteriopheophytin triplet state in Rhodobacter sphaeroides reaction centers. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2016; 129:205-216. [PMID: 27368166 PMCID: PMC4935742 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-016-0290-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that photoexcitation of Rhodobacter sphaeroides reaction centers (RC) with reduced quinone acceptors results in the formation of a triplet state localized on the primary electron donor P with a significant yield. The energy of this long-lived and therefore potentially damaging excited state is then efficiently quenched by energy transfer to the RC spheroidenone carotenoid, with its subsequent decay to the ground state by intersystem crossing. In this contribution, we present a detailed transient absorption study of triplet states in a set of mutated RCs characterized by different efficiencies of triplet formation that correlate with lifetimes of the initial charge-separated state P(+)H A (-) . On a microsecond time scale, two types of triplet state were detected: in addition to the well-known spheroidenone triplet state with a lifetime of ~4 μs, in some RCs we discovered a bacteriopheophytin triplet state with a lifetime of ~40 μs. As expected, the yield of the carotenoid triplet increased approximately linearly with the lifetime of P(+)H A (-) , reaching the value of 42 % for one of the mutants. However, surprisingly, the yield of the bacteriopheophytin triplet was the highest in RCs with the shortest P(+)H A (-) lifetime and the smallest yield of carotenoid triplet. For these the estimated yield of bacteriopheophytin triplet was comparable with the yield of the carotenoid triplet, reaching a value of ~7 %. Possible mechanisms of formation of the bacteriopheophytin triplet state are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Białek
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, ul. Umultowska 85, 61-614, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Gotard Burdziński
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, ul. Umultowska 85, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Michael R Jones
- School of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Krzysztof Gibasiewicz
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, ul. Umultowska 85, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
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15
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Magdaong NCM, Niedzwiedzki DM, Goodson C, Blankenship RE. Carotenoid-to-Bacteriochlorophyll Energy Transfer in the LH1–RC Core Complex of a Bacteriochlorophyll b Containing Purple Photosynthetic Bacterium Blastochloris viridis. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:5159-71. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b04307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikki Cecil M. Magdaong
- Department
of Biology, Washington University in Saint Louis, One Brookings
Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130 United States
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in Saint Louis, One Brookings Drive, St.
Louis, Missouri 63130 United States
- Photosynthetic
Antenna Research Center, Washington University in Saint Louis, One Brookings
Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130 United States
| | - Dariusz M. Niedzwiedzki
- Photosynthetic
Antenna Research Center, Washington University in Saint Louis, One Brookings
Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130 United States
| | - Carrie Goodson
- Department
of Biology, Washington University in Saint Louis, One Brookings
Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130 United States
| | - Robert E. Blankenship
- Department
of Biology, Washington University in Saint Louis, One Brookings
Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130 United States
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in Saint Louis, One Brookings Drive, St.
Louis, Missouri 63130 United States
- Photosynthetic
Antenna Research Center, Washington University in Saint Louis, One Brookings
Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130 United States
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16
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Magdaong NM, LaFountain AM, Hacking K, Niedzwiedzki DM, Gibson GN, Cogdell RJ, Frank HA. Spectral heterogeneity and carotenoid-to-bacteriochlorophyll energy transfer in LH2 light-harvesting complexes from Allochromatium vinosum. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2016; 127:171-187. [PMID: 26048106 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-015-0165-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic organisms produce a vast array of spectral forms of antenna pigment-protein complexes to harvest solar energy and also to adapt to growth under the variable environmental conditions of light intensity, temperature, and nutrient availability. This behavior is exemplified by Allochromatium (Alc.) vinosum, a photosynthetic purple sulfur bacterium that produces different types of LH2 light-harvesting complexes in response to variations in growth conditions. In the present work, three different spectral forms of LH2 from Alc. vinosum, B800-820, B800-840, and B800-850, were isolated, purified, and examined using steady-state absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy, and ultrafast time-resolved absorption spectroscopy. The pigment composition of the LH2 complexes was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography, and all were found to contain five carotenoids: lycopene, anhydrorhodovibrin, spirilloxanthin, rhodopin, and rhodovibrin. Spectral reconstructions of the absorption and fluorescence excitation spectra based on the pigment composition revealed significantly more spectral heterogeneity in these systems compared to LH2 complexes isolated from other species of purple bacteria. The data also revealed the individual carotenoid-to-bacteriochlorophyll energy transfer efficiencies which were correlated with the kinetic data from the ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopic experiments. This series of LH2 complexes allows a systematic exploration of the factors that determine the spectral properties of the bound pigments and control the rate and efficiency of carotenoid-to-bacteriochlorophyll energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki M Magdaong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT, 06269-3060, USA
| | - Amy M LaFountain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT, 06269-3060, USA
| | - Kirsty Hacking
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Dariusz M Niedzwiedzki
- Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - George N Gibson
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, 2152 Hillside Road, Storrs, CT, 06269-3046, USA
| | - Richard J Cogdell
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Harry A Frank
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT, 06269-3060, USA.
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Natural and artificial light-harvesting systems utilizing the functions of carotenoids. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2015.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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18
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Niedzwiedzki DM, Dilbeck PL, Tang Q, Mothersole DJ, Martin EC, Bocian DF, Holten D, Hunter CN. Functional characteristics of spirilloxanthin and keto-bearing Analogues in light-harvesting LH2 complexes from Rhodobacter sphaeroides with a genetically modified carotenoid synthesis pathway. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2015; 1847:640-55. [PMID: 25871644 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Light-harvesting 2 (LH2) complexes from a genetically modified strain of the purple photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter (Rba.) sphaeroides were studied using static and ultrafast optical methods and resonance Raman spectroscopy. Carotenoid synthesis in the Rba. sphaeroides strain was engineered to redirect carotenoid production away from spheroidene into the spirilloxanthin synthesis pathway. The strain assembles LH2 antennas with substantial amounts of spirilloxanthin (total double-bond conjugation length N=13) if grown anaerobically and of keto-bearing long-chain analogs [2-ketoanhydrorhodovibrin (N=13), 2-ketospirilloxanthin (N=14) and 2,2'-diketospirilloxanthin (N=15)] if grown semi-aerobically (with ratios that depend on growth conditions). We present the photophysical, electronic, and vibrational properties of these carotenoids, both isolated in organic media and assembled within LH2 complexes. Measurements of excited-state energy transfer to the array of excitonically coupled bacteriochlorophyll a molecules (B850) show that the mean lifetime of the first singlet excited state (S1) of the long-chain (N≥13) carotenoids does not change appreciably between organic media and the protein environment. In each case, the S1 state appears to lie lower in energy than that of B850. The energy-transfer yield is ~0.4 in LH2 (from the strain grown aerobically or semi-aerobically), which is less than half that achieved for LH2 that contains short-chain (N≤11) analogues. Collectively, the results suggest that the S1 excited state of the long-chain (N≥13) carotenoids participates little if at all in carotenoid-to-BChl a energy transfer, which occurs predominantly via the carotenoid S2 excited state in these antennas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz M Niedzwiedzki
- Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
| | - Preston L Dilbeck
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Qun Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - David J Mothersole
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Elizabeth C Martin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - David F Bocian
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Dewey Holten
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - C Neil Hunter
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
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Beyer SR, Müller L, Southall J, Cogdell RJ, Ullmann GM, Köhler J. The open, the closed, and the empty: time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy and computational analysis of RC-LH1 complexes from Rhodopseudomonas palustris. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:1362-73. [PMID: 25526393 DOI: 10.1021/jp510822k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We studied the time-resolved fluorescence of isolated RC-LH1 complexes from Rhodopseudomonas palustris as a function of the photon fluence and the repetition rate of the excitation laser. Both parameters were varied systematically over 3 orders of magnitude. On the basis of a microstate description we developed a quantitative model for RC-LH1 and obtained very good agreement between experiments and elaborate simulations based on a global master equation approach. The model allows us to predict the relative population of RC-LH1 complexes with the special pair in the neutral state or in the oxidized state P(+) and those complexes that lack a reaction center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian R Beyer
- Experimental Physics IV and Bayreuther Institut für Makromolekülforschung (BIMF), University of Bayreuth , 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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20
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Niedzwiedzki DM, Cranston L. Excited state lifetimes and energies of okenone and chlorobactene, exemplary keto and non-keto aryl carotenoids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:13245-56. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp00836k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Photophysical properties of two typical aryl carotenoids, okenone and chlorobactene, were studied with application of femtosecond and microsecond time-resolved absorption spectroscopies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz M. Niedzwiedzki
- Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center and Department of Chemistry
- Washington University in St Louis
- USA
| | - Laura Cranston
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology
- College of Medical
- Veterinary and Life Sciences
- University of Glasgow
- Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre
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21
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Álvarez R, Vaz B, Gronemeyer H, de Lera ÁR. Functions, therapeutic applications, and synthesis of retinoids and carotenoids. Chem Rev 2013; 114:1-125. [PMID: 24266866 DOI: 10.1021/cr400126u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosana Álvarez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CINBIO), and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Vigo (IBIV), Universidade de Vigo , 36310 Vigo, Spain
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22
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Šlouf V, Fuciman M, Dulebo A, Kaftan D, Koblížek M, Frank HA, Polívka T. Carotenoid charge transfer states and their role in energy transfer processes in LH1-RC complexes from aerobic anoxygenic phototrophs. J Phys Chem B 2012; 117:10987-99. [PMID: 23130956 DOI: 10.1021/jp309278y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Light-harvesting complexes ensure necessary flow of excitation energy into photosynthetic reaction centers. In the present work, transient absorption measurements were performed on LH1-RC complexes isolated from two aerobic anoxygenic phototrophs (AAPs), Roseobacter sp. COL2P containing the carotenoid spheroidenone, and Erythrobacter sp. NAP1 which contains the carotenoids zeaxanthin and bacteriorubixanthinal. We show that the spectroscopic data from the LH1-RC complex of Roseobacter sp. COL2P are very similar to those previously reported for Rhodobacter sphaeroides, including the transient absorption spectrum originating from the intramolecular charge-transfer (ICT) state of spheroidenone. Although the ICT state is also populated in LH1-RC complexes of Erythrobacter sp. NAP1, its appearance is probably related to the polarity of the bacteriorubixanthinal environment rather than to the specific configuration of the carotenoid, which we hypothesize is responsible for populating the ICT state of spheroidenone in LH1-RC of Roseobacter sp. COL2P. The population of the ICT state enables efficient S1/ICT-to-bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) energy transfer which would otherwise be largely inhibited for spheroidenone and bacteriorubixanthinal due to their low energy S1 states. In addition, the triplet states of these carotenoids appear well-tuned for efficient quenching of singlet oxygen or BChl-a triplets, which is of vital importance for oxygen-dependent organisms such as AAPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Václav Šlouf
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia , Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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23
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High-level production of the industrial product lycopene by the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum. Appl Environ Microbiol 2012; 78:7205-15. [PMID: 22865070 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00545-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The biosynthesis of the major carotenoid spirilloxanthin by the purple nonsulfur bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum is thought to occur via a linear pathway proceeding through phytoene and, later, lycopene as intermediates. This assumption is based solely on early chemical evidence (B. H. Davies, Biochem. J. 116:93-99, 1970). In most purple bacteria, the desaturation of phytoene, catalyzed by the enzyme phytoene desaturase (CrtI), leads to neurosporene, involving only three dehydrogenation steps and not four as in the case of lycopene. We show here that the chromosomal insertion of a kanamycin resistance cassette into the crtC-crtD region of the partial carotenoid gene cluster, whose gene products are responsible for the downstream processing of lycopene, leads to the accumulation of the latter as the major carotenoid. We provide spectroscopic and biochemical evidence that in vivo, lycopene is incorporated into the light-harvesting complex 1 as efficiently as the methoxylated carotenoids spirilloxanthin (in the wild type) and 3,4,3',4'-tetrahydrospirilloxanthin (in a crtD mutant), both under semiaerobic, chemoheterotrophic, and photosynthetic, anaerobic conditions. Quantitative growth experiments conducted in dark, semiaerobic conditions, using a growth medium for high cell density and high intracellular membrane levels, which are suitable for the conventional industrial production in the absence of light, yielded lycopene at up to 2 mg/g (dry weight) of cells or up to 15 mg/liter of culture. These values are comparable to those of many previously described Escherichia coli strains engineered for lycopene production. This study provides the first genetic proof that the R. rubrum CrtI produces lycopene exclusively as an end product.
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Harvey PD, Stern C, Gros CP, Guilard R. Through space singlet energy transfers in light-harvesting systems and cofacial bisporphyrin dyads. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424610001702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent discoveries from our research groups on the photophysics of a few cofacial bisporphyrin dyads for through space singlet and triplet energy transfers raised several important investigations about the mechanism of energy transfers and energy migration in light-harvesting devices, notably LH II, in the heavily investigated purple photosynthetic bacteria. The key feature is that for face-to-face and slipped dyads with controlled structure using rigid spacers or spacers with limited flexibilities, our fastest rates for singlet energy transfer are in the 10 × 109 s -1 (i.e. 100 ps time scale) for donor-acceptor distances of ~3.5–3.6 Å. The time scale for energy transfers between different bacteriochlorophylls, notably B800*→B850, is in the ps despite the long Mg ⋯ Mg separation (~18 Å). This short rate drastically contrasts with the well-accepted Förster theory. This review focuses on the photophysical processes and dynamics in LH II and compares these parameters with our investigated model dyads build upon octa-etio-porphyrin chromophores and rigid and semi-rigid spacers. The recently discovered role of the rhodopin glucoside (carotenoid) will be analyzed as possible relay for energy transfers, including the possibility of uphill processes at room temperature. In this context the concept of energy migration may be complemented by parallel relays and uphill processes. It is also becoming more obvious that the irreversible electron transfer at the reaction center (electron transfer from the special pair to the phaeophytin) renders the rates for energy transfer and migration faster precluding all possibility of back transfers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre D. Harvey
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke J1K 2R1, Québec, Canada
| | - Christine Stern
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB, UMR 5260), 9 Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Claude P. Gros
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB, UMR 5260), 9 Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Roger Guilard
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB, UMR 5260), 9 Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon Cedex, France
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Sakai S, Hiro A, Sumino A, Mizuno T, Tanaka T, Hashimoto H, Dewa T, Nango M. Reconstitution and Organization of Photosynthetic Antenna Protein Complex Bearing Functional Hydrophilic Domains. CHEM LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2011.1280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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26
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Niedzwiedzki DM, Fuciman M, Frank HA, Blankenship RE. Energy transfer in an LH4-like light harvesting complex from the aerobic purple photosynthetic bacterium Roseobacter denitrificans. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2011; 1807:518-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2011.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Revised: 03/08/2011] [Accepted: 03/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Niedzwiedzki DM, Kobayashi M, Blankenship RE. Triplet excited state spectra and dynamics of carotenoids from the thermophilic purple photosynthetic bacterium Thermochromatium tepidum. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2011; 107:177-186. [PMID: 21229315 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-011-9620-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2010] [Accepted: 12/31/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Light-harvesting complex 2 from the anoxygenic phototrophic purple bacterium Thermochromatium tepidum was purified and studied by steady-state absorption, fluorescence and flash photolysis spectroscopy. Steady-state absorption and fluorescence measurements show that carotenoids play a negligible role as supportive energy donors and transfer excitation to bacteriochlorophyll-a with low energy transfer efficiency of ~30%. HPLC analysis determined that the dominant carotenoids in the complex are rhodopin and spirilloxanthin. Carotenoid excited triplet state formation upon direct (carotenoid) or indirect (bacteriochlorophyll-a Q(x) band) excitation shows that carotenoid triplets are mostly localized on spirilloxanthin. In addition, no triplet excitation transfer between carotenoids was observed. Such specific carotenoid composition and spectroscopic results strongly suggest that this organism optimized carotenoid composition in the light-harvesting complex 2 in order to maximize photoprotective capabilities of carotenoids but subsequently drastically suppressed their supporting role in light-harvesting process.
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Antognazza MR, Lüer L, Polli D, Christensen RL, Schrock RR, Lanzani G, Cerullo G. Ultrafast excited state relaxation in long-chain polyenes. Chem Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2010.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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NAKAGAWA K, SAKAI S, KONDO M, DEWA T, HORIBE T, HASHIMOTO H, NANGO M. Structural Forming of Photosynthetic Polypeptide Supramolecule Complexes and Functional Analysis of Carotenoids in These Complexes. KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 2010. [DOI: 10.1295/koron.67.574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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30
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Nakagawa K, Suzuki S, Fujii R, Gardiner AT, Cogdell RJ, Nango M, Hashimoto H. Probing the effect of the binding site on the electrostatic behavior of a series of carotenoids reconstituted into the light-harvesting 1 complex from purple photosynthetic bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum detected by stark spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:9467-75. [PMID: 18613723 DOI: 10.1021/jp801773j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Reconstitutions of the LH1 complexes from the purple photosynthetic bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum S1 were performed with a range of carotenoid molecules having different numbers of C=C conjugated double bonds. Since, as we showed previously, some of the added carotenoids tended to aggregate and then to remain with the reconstituted LH1 complexes (Nakagawa, K.; Suzuki, S.; Fujii, R.; Gardiner, A.T.; Cogdell, R.J.; Nango, M.; Hashimoto, H. Photosynth. Res. 2008, 95, 339-344), a further purification step using a sucrose density gradient centrifugation was introduced to improve purity of the final reconstituted sample. The measured absorption, fluorescence-excitation, and Stark spectra of the LH1 complex reconstituted with spirilloxanthin were identical with those obtained with the native, spirilloxanthin-containing, LH1 complex of Rs. rubrum S1. This shows that the electrostatic environments surrounding the carotenoid and bacteriochlorophyll a (BChl a) molecules in both of these LH1 complexes were essentially the same. In the LH1 complexes reconstituted with either rhodopin or spheroidene, however, the wavelength maximum at the BChl a Qy absorption band was slightly different to that of the native LH1 complexes. These differences in the transition energy of the BChl a Qy absorption band can be explained using the values of the nonlinear optical parameters of this absorption band, i.e., the polarizability change Tr(Deltaalpha) and the static dipole-moment change |Deltamu| upon photoexcitation, as determined using Stark spectroscopy. The local electric field around the BChl a in the native LH1 complex (ES) was determined to be approximately 3.0x10(6) V/cm. Furthermore, on the basis of the values of the nonlinear optical parameters of the carotenoids in the reconstituted LH1 complexes, it is possible to suggest that the conformations of carotenoids, anhydrorhodovibrin and spheroidene, in the LH1 complex were similar to that of rhodopin glucoside in crystal structure of the LH2 complex from Rhodopseudomonas acidophila 10050.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsunori Nakagawa
- Department of Life and Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan
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31
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Nakagawa K, Suzuki S, Fujii R, Gardiner AT, Cogdell RJ, Nango M, Hashimoto H. Probing binding site of bacteriochlorophyll a and carotenoid in the reconstituted LH1 complex from Rhodospirillum rubrum S1 by Stark spectroscopy. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2008; 95:339-44. [PMID: 17912603 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-007-9261-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2007] [Accepted: 09/10/2007] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Stark spectroscopy is a powerful technique to investigate the electrostatic interactions between pigments as well as between the pigments and the proteins in photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes. In this study, Stark spectroscopy has been used to determine two nonlinear optical parameters (polarizability change Tr(Deltaalpha) and static dipole-moment change |Deltamu| upon photoexcitation) of isolated and of reconstituted LH1 complexes from the purple photosynthetic bacterium, Rhodospirillum (Rs.) rubrum. The integral LH1 complex was prepared from Rs. rubrum S1, while the reconstituted complex was assembled by addition of purified carotenoid (all-trans-spirilloxanthin) to the monomeric subunit of LH1 from Rs. rubrum S1. The reconstituted LH1 complex has its Q(y) absorption maximum at 878 nm. This is shifted to the blue by 3 nm in comparison to the isolated LH1 complex. The energy transfer efficiency from carotenoid to bacteriochlorophyll a (BChl a), which was determined by fluorescence excitation spectroscopy of the reconstituted LH1 complex, is increased to 40%, while the efficiency in the isolated LH1 complex is only 28%. Based on the differences in the values of Tr(Deltaalpha) and |Deltamu|, between these two preparations, we can calculate the change in the electric field around the BChl a molecules in the two situations to be E (Delta) approximately 3.4 x 10(5) [V/cm]. This change can explain the 3 nm wavelength shift of the Q(y) absorption band in the reconstituted LH1 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsunori Nakagawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
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Harvey PD, Stern C, Gros CP, Guilard R. Comments on the through-space singlet energy transfers and energy migration (exciton) in the light harvesting systems. J Inorg Biochem 2007; 102:395-405. [PMID: 18160130 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2007.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2007] [Revised: 09/20/2007] [Accepted: 09/30/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent findings on the photophysical investigations of several cofacial bisporphyrin dyads for through space singlet and triplet energy transfers raised several serious questions about the mechanism of the energy transfers and energy migration in the light harvesting devices, notably LH II, in the heavily studied purple photosynthetic bacteria. The key issue is that for simple cofacial or slipped dyads with controlled geometry using rigid spacers or spacers with limited flexibilities, the fastest possible rates for singlet energy transfer for three examples are in the 10 x 10(9)s(-1) (i.e. just in the 100 ps time scale) for donor-acceptor distances approaching 3.5-3.6 A. The reported time scale for energy transfers between different bacteriochlorophylls, notably B800*-->B850, is in the picosecond time scale despite the long Mg...Mg separation of approximately 18 A. Such a short rate drastically contrasts with the well accepted Förster theory. This article reviews the modern knowledge of the structure, bacteriochlorophyll a transition moments, and photophysical processes and dynamics in LH II, and compares these parameters with the recently investigated model bisporphyrin dyads build upon octa-etio-porphyrin chromophores and rigid and semi-rigid spacers. The recently discovered role of the rhodopin glucoside residue called carotenoid will be commented as the possible relay for energy transfer, including the possibility of uphill processes at room temperature. In this context, the concept of energy migration, called exciton, may also be affected by relays and uphill processes. Also, it is becoming more and more apparent that the presence of an irreversible electron transfer reaction at the reaction center, i.e. electron transfer from the special pair to the phyophytin macrocycle and so on, renders the rates for energy transfer and migration more rapid precluding all possibility of back transfers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre D Harvey
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, PQ, Canada J1K 2R1.
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