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Palacios-Ortega J, Amigot-Sánchez R, García-Montoya C, Gorše A, Heras-Márquez D, García-Linares S, Martínez-del-Pozo Á, Slotte JP. Determination of the boundary lipids of sticholysins using tryptophan quenching. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17328. [PMID: 36243747 PMCID: PMC9569322 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21750-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sticholysins are α-pore-forming toxins produced by the sea-anemone Stichodactyla helianthus. These toxins exert their activity by forming pores on sphingomyelin-containing membranes. Recognition of sphingomyelin by sticholysins is required to start the process of pore formation. Sphingomyelin recognition is coupled with membrane binding and followed by membrane penetration and oligomerization. Many features of these processes are known. However, the extent of contact with each of the different kinds of lipids present in the membrane has received little attention. To delve into this question, we have used a phosphatidylcholine analogue labeled at one of its acyl chains with a doxyl moiety, a known quencher of tryptophan emission. Here we present evidence for the contact of sticholysins with phosphatidylcholine lipids in the sticholysin oligomer, and for how each sticholysin isotoxin is affected differently by the inclusion of cholesterol in the membrane. Furthermore, using phosphatidylcholine analogs that were labeled at different positions of their structure (acyl chains and headgroup) in combination with a variety of sticholysin mutants, we also investigated the depth of the tryptophan residues of sticholysins in the bilayer. Our results indicate that the position of the tryptophan residues relative to the membrane normal is deeper when cholesterol is absent from the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Palacios-Ortega
- grid.13797.3b0000 0001 2235 8415Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland ,grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Amigot-Sánchez
- grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen García-Montoya
- grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Gorše
- grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Heras-Márquez
- grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara García-Linares
- grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro Martínez-del-Pozo
- grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - J. Peter Slotte
- grid.13797.3b0000 0001 2235 8415Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
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2
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Metabolomic Analysis of SCD during Goose Follicular Development: Implications for Lipid Metabolism. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11091001. [PMID: 32858946 PMCID: PMC7565484 DOI: 10.3390/genes11091001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is known to be an important rate-limiting enzyme in the production of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). However, the role of this enzyme in goose follicular development is poorly understood. To investigate the metabolic mechanism of SCD during goose follicular development, we observed its expression patterns in vivo and in vitro using quantitative reverse-transcription (qRT)-PCR. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to determine a cellular model of SCD function in granulosa cells (GCs) via SCD overexpression and knockdown. qRT-PCR analysis showed that SCD was abundantly expressed in the GC layer, and was upregulated in preovulatory follicles. Peak expression was found in F1 and prehierarchal follicles with diameters of 4–6 mm and 8–10 mm, respectively. We further found that mRNA expression and corresponding enzyme activity occur in a time-dependent oscillation pattern in vitro, beginning on the first day of GC culture. By LC-MS/MS, we identified numerous changes in metabolite activation and developed an overview of multiple metabolic pathways, 10 of which were associated with lipid metabolism and enriched in both the overexpressed and knockdown groups. Finally, we confirmed cholesterol and pantothenol or pantothenate as potential metabolite biomarkers to study SCD-related lipid metabolism in goose GCs.
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3
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Landry MR, Rangel JL, Dao VP, MacKenzie MA, Gutierrez FL, Dowell KM, Calkins AL, Fuller AA, Stokes GY. Length and Charge of Water-Soluble Peptoids Impact Binding to Phospholipid Membranes. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:5822-5831. [PMID: 31251622 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b04641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we provide a quantitative description of the adsorption of water-soluble N-substituted glycine oligomers (peptoids) to supported lipid bilayers that mimic mammalian plasma membranes. We prepared a small array of systematically varied peptoid sequences ranging in length from 3 to 15 residues. Using the nonlinear optical method second harmonic generation (SHG), we directly monitored adsorption of aqueous solutions of 3- and 15-residue peptoids to phospholipid membranes of varying physical phase, cholesterol content, and head group charge in physiologically relevant pH buffer conditions without the use of extrinsic labels. Equilibrium binding constants and relative surface coverages of adsorbed peptoids were determined from fits to the Langmuir model. Three- and 15-residue peptoids did not interact with cholesterol-containing lipids or charged lipids in the same manner, suggesting that a peptoid's adsorption mechanism changes with sequence length. In a comparison of four three-residue peptoids, we observed a correlation between equilibrium binding constants and calculated log D7.4 values. Cationic charge modulated surface coverage. Principles governing how peptoid sequence and membrane composition alter peptoid-lipid interactions may be extended to predict physiological effects of peptoids used as therapeutics or as coatings in medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine R Landry
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Santa Clara University , 500 El Camino Real , Santa Clara , California 95053 , United States
| | - Jacenda L Rangel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Santa Clara University , 500 El Camino Real , Santa Clara , California 95053 , United States
| | - Vivian P Dao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Santa Clara University , 500 El Camino Real , Santa Clara , California 95053 , United States
| | - Morgan A MacKenzie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Santa Clara University , 500 El Camino Real , Santa Clara , California 95053 , United States
| | - Fabiola L Gutierrez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Santa Clara University , 500 El Camino Real , Santa Clara , California 95053 , United States
| | - Kalli M Dowell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Santa Clara University , 500 El Camino Real , Santa Clara , California 95053 , United States
| | - Anna L Calkins
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Santa Clara University , 500 El Camino Real , Santa Clara , California 95053 , United States
| | - Amelia A Fuller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Santa Clara University , 500 El Camino Real , Santa Clara , California 95053 , United States
| | - Grace Y Stokes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Santa Clara University , 500 El Camino Real , Santa Clara , California 95053 , United States
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4
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Palacios-Ortega J, García-Linares S, Rivera-de-Torre E, Gavilanes JG, Martínez-Del-Pozo Á, Slotte JP. Sticholysin, Sphingomyelin, and Cholesterol: A Closer Look at a Tripartite Interaction. Biophys J 2019; 116:2253-2265. [PMID: 31146924 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Actinoporins are a group of soluble toxic proteins that bind to membranes containing sphingomyelin (SM) and oligomerize to form pores. Sticholysin II (StnII) is a member of the actinoporin family produced by Stichodactyla helianthus. Cholesterol (Chol) is known to enhance the activity of StnII. However, the molecular mechanisms behind this activation have remained obscure, although the activation is not Chol specific but rather sterol specific. To further explore how bilayer lipids affect or are affected by StnII, we have used a multiprobe approach (fluorescent analogs of both Chol and SM) in combination with a series of StnII tryptophan (Trp) mutants to study StnII/bilayer interactions. First, we compared StnII bilayer permeabilization in the presence of Chol or oleoyl-ceramide (OCer). The comparison was done because both Chol and OCer have a 1-hydroxyl, which helps to orient the molecule in the bilayer (although OCer has additional polar functional groups). Both Chol and OCer also have increased affinity for SM, which StnII may recognize. However, our results show that only Chol was able to activate StnII-induced bilayer permeabilization; OCer failed to activate it. To further examine possible Chol/StnII interactions, we measured Förster resonance energy transfer between Trp in StnII and cholestatrienol, a fluorescent analog of Chol. We could show higher Förster resonance energy transfer efficiency between cholestatrienol and Trps in position 100 and 114 of StnII when compared to three other Trp positions further away from the bilayer binding region of StnII. Taken together, our results suggest that StnII was able to attract Chol to its vicinity, maybe by showing affinity for Chol. SM interactions are known to be important for StnII binding to bilayers, and Chol is known to facilitate subsequent permeabilization of the bilayers by StnII. Our results help to better understand the role of these important membrane lipids for the bilayer properties of StnII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Palacios-Ortega
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain; Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Sara García-Linares
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - José G Gavilanes
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - J Peter Slotte
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
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5
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Selectivity of Antimicrobial Peptides: A Complex Interplay of Multiple Equilibria. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1117:175-214. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-3588-4_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Abdulrahman A, Ghanem A. Recent advances in chromatographic purification of plasmid DNA for gene therapy and DNA vaccines: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1025:41-57. [PMID: 29801607 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The wide spread of infectious diseases have provoked the scientists to develop new types of vaccines. Among the different types of vaccines, the recently discovered plasmid DNA vaccines, have gained tremendous attentions in the last few decades as a modern approach of vaccination. The scientific interest in plasmid DNA vaccines is attributed to their prominent efficacy as they trigger not only the cellular immune response but also the humoral immune responses. Moreover, pDNA vaccines are easily to be stored, shipped and produced. However, the purification of the pDNA vaccines is a crucial step in their production and administration, which is usually conducted by different chromatographic techniques. This review summarizes the most recent chromatographic purification methods provided in the literature during the last five years following our last review in 2013, including affinity chromatography, hydrophobic interaction chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, multimodal chromatography, sample displacement chromatography and miscellaneous chromatographic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdulrahman
- Chirality Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory (ACT), 2617, Australia
| | - Ashraf Ghanem
- Chirality Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory (ACT), 2617, Australia. http://www.chiralitygroup.com
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7
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Darwiche R, Schneiter R. A Ligand-Binding Assay to Measure the Affinity and Specificity of Sterol-Binding Proteins In Vitro. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1645:361-368. [PMID: 28710641 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7183-1_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sterols are major constituents of the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells and serve as a precursor for several classes of signaling molecules, including steroids and hydroxy sterols. They maintain the functionality and permeability barrier of the plasma membrane through lipid-lipid and lipid-protein interactions. The S. cerevisiae pathogen-related yeast proteins 1, 2, and 3 (Pry) belong to a large protein superfamily known as CAP/SCP/TAPS. Members of this superfamily have been implicated in a wide variety of processes, including immune defense in mammals and plants, pathogen virulence, sperm maturation and fertilization, venom toxicity, and prostate and brain cancer. Pry proteins bind and export sterols in vivo and the purified Pry1 protein binds sterols and related small hydrophobic compounds in vitro. Here we describe a method to determine lipid binding of a purified protein in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabih Darwiche
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Roger Schneiter
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland.
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8
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Thibado JK, Martfeld AN, Greathouse DV, Koeppe RE. Influence of High pH and Cholesterol on Single Arginine-Containing Transmembrane Peptide Helices. Biochemistry 2016; 55:6337-6343. [PMID: 27782382 PMCID: PMC5266483 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
![]()
An essential component
of mammalian cells, cholesterol exerts significant
influence on the physical properties of the cell membrane and in turn
its constituents, including membrane proteins. Although sparse, polar
amino acid residues are highly conserved in membrane proteins and
play pivotal roles in determining specific structural and functional
properties. To improve our understanding of particular polar residues
in the membrane environment, we have examined two specific “guest”
Arg residues within a well-defined and deuterium-labeled “host”
framework provided by the transmembrane helical peptide GWALP23 (acetyl-GGALWLALALALALALALWLAGA-amide).
Solid-state 2H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra
from aligned bilayer membrane samples effectively report changes in
the host helix properties because of the incorporation of the guest
residues. The focus of this work is two-pronged. First, GWALP23-R14
was examined over a pH range of 2–13 in 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) ester- or ether-linked
bilayer membranes. Our findings indicate that the Arg guanidinium
side chain remains charged over this entire range, in agreement with
numerous molecular dynamics simulations. Second, GWALP23-R12 and GWALP23-R14
peptides were characterized in DOPC bilayers with varying cholesterol
content. Our findings suggest that 10 or 20% cholesterol content has
minimal impact on the orientation of the R14 peptide. Although the
NMR signals are broader and weaker in the presence of 20% cholesterol,
the deuterium quadrupolar splittings for [2H]Ala residues
in GWALP23-R14 change very little. Conversely, cholesterol appears
to modulate the multistate behavior of GWALP23-R12 and to favor a
major interfacial state for the helix, bound at the bilayer surface.
These results indicate a conditional sensitivity of a complex multistate
transmembrane Arg-containing peptide helix to the presence of cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordana K Thibado
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas , Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Ashley N Martfeld
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas , Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Denise V Greathouse
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas , Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Roger E Koeppe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas , Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
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9
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Santos T, Carvalho J, Corvo MC, Cabrita EJ, Queiroz JA, Cruz C. L-tryptophan and dipeptide derivatives for supercoiled plasmid DNA purification. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 87:385-96. [PMID: 26952704 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.02.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study focus on the preparation of chromatography supports for affinity-based chromatography of supercoiled plasmid purification. Three l-tryptophan based supports are prepared through immobilization on epoxy-activated Sepharose and characterized by HR-MAS NMR. The SPR is employed for a fast screening of l-tryptophan derivatives, as potential ligands for the biorecognition of supercoiled isoform, as well as, to establish the suitable experimental conditions for the chromatography. The results reveal that the overall affinity is high (KD=10(-9) and 10(-8)M) and the conditions tested show that the use of HEPES 100mM enables the separation and purification of supercoiled at T=10°C. The STD-NMR is performed to accomplish the epitope mapping of the 5'-mononucleotides bound to l-tryptophan derivatives supports. The data shows that the interactions between the three supports and the 5'-mononucleotides are mainly hydrophobic and π-π stacking. The chromatography experiments are performed with l-tryptophan support and plasmids pVAX-LacZ and pPH600. The supercoiled isoform separation is achieved at T=10°C by decreasing the concentration of (NH4)2SO4 from 2.7 to 0M in HEPES for pVAX-LacZ and 2.65M to 0M in HEPES for pPH600. Overall, l-tryptophan derivatives can be a promising strategy to purify supercoiled for pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Santos
- CICS-UBI-Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Josué Carvalho
- CICS-UBI-Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Marta C Corvo
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; CENIMAT/I3N, Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Eurico J Cabrita
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - J A Queiroz
- CICS-UBI-Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - C Cruz
- CICS-UBI-Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
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Yu Y, Fan J, Yan X, Xu J, Zhang M. Tilt Behavior of an Octa-Peptide Nanotube in POPE and Affects on the Transport Characteristics of Channel Water. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:4723-34. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b01380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yu
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical
Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianfen Fan
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical
Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiliang Yan
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical
Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Xu
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical
Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical
Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
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Peptide-membrane interactions of arginine-tryptophan peptides probed using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2014; 43:241-53. [PMID: 24743917 PMCID: PMC4053608 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-014-0958-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Membrane-active peptides include peptides that can cross cellular membranes and deliver macromolecular cargo as well as peptides that inhibit bacterial growth. Some of these peptides can act as both transporters and antibacterial agents. It is desirable to combine the knowledge from these two different fields of membrane-active peptides into design of new peptides with tailored actions, as transporters of cargo or as antibacterial substances, targeting specific membranes. We have previously shown that the position of the amino acid tryptophan in the peptide sequence of three arginine-tryptophan peptides affects their uptake and intracellular localization in live mammalian cells, as well as their ability to inhibit bacterial growth. Here, we use quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring to assess the induced changes caused by binding of the three peptides to supported model membranes composed of POPC, POPC/POPG, POPC/POPG/cholesterol or POPC/lactosyl PE. Our results indicate that the tryptophan position in the peptide sequence affects the way these peptides interact with the different model membranes and that the presence of cholesterol in particular seems to affect the membrane interaction of the peptide with an even distribution of tryptophans in the peptide sequence. These results give mechanistic insight into the function of these peptides and may aid in the design of membrane-active peptides with specified cellular targets and actions.
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12
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Song Y, Kenworthy AK, Sanders CR. Cholesterol as a co-solvent and a ligand for membrane proteins. Protein Sci 2013; 23:1-22. [PMID: 24155031 DOI: 10.1002/pro.2385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
As of mid 2013 a Medline search on "cholesterol" yielded over 200,000 hits, reflecting the prominence of this lipid in numerous aspects of animal cell biology and physiology under conditions of health and disease. Aberrations in cholesterol homeostasis underlie both a number of rare genetic disorders and contribute to common sporadic and complex disorders including heart disease, stroke, type II diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease. The corresponding author of this review and his lab stumbled only recently into the sprawling area of cholesterol research when they discovered that the amyloid precursor protein (APP) binds cholesterol, a topic covered by the Hans Neurath Award lecture at the 2013 Protein Society Meeting. Here, we first provide a brief overview of cholesterol-protein interactions and then offer our perspective on how and why binding of cholesterol to APP and its C99 domain (β-CTF) promotes the amyloidogenic pathway, which is closely related to the etiology of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanli Song
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Structural Biology and Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
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13
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Panahi A, Feig M. Dynamic Heterogeneous Dielectric Generalized Born (DHDGB): An implicit membrane model with a dynamically varying bilayer thickness. J Chem Theory Comput 2013; 9:1709-1719. [PMID: 23585740 PMCID: PMC3622271 DOI: 10.1021/ct300975k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
An extension to the heterogeneous dielectric generalized Born (HDGB) implicit membrane formalism is presented to allow dynamic membrane deformations in response to membrane-inserted biomolecules during molecular dynamic simulations. The flexible membrane is implemented through additional degrees of freedom that represent the membrane deformation at the contact points of a membrane-inserted solute with the membrane. The extra degrees of freedom determine the dielectric and non-polar solvation free energy profiles that are used to obtain the solvation free energy in the presence of the membrane and are used to calculate membrane deformation free energies according to an elastic membrane model. With the dynamic HDGB (DHDGB) model the membrane is able to deform in response to the insertion of charged molecules thereby avoiding the overestimation of insertion free energies with static membrane models. The DHDGB model also allows the membrane to respond to the insertion of membrane-spanning solutes with hydrophobic mismatch. The model is tested with the membrane insertion of amino acid side chain analogs, arginine-containing helices, the WALP23 peptide, and the gramicidin A channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afra Panahi
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824
| | - Michael Feig
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824
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14
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de Saint-Jean M, Delfosse V, Douguet D, Chicanne G, Payrastre B, Bourguet W, Antonny B, Drin G. Osh4p exchanges sterols for phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate between lipid bilayers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 195:965-78. [PMID: 22162133 PMCID: PMC3241724 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201104062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 303] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The yeast Kes1p/Osh4p protein functions as a sterol/PI(4)P exchanger between lipid membranes, which suggests the possibility of creating a sterol gradient via phosphoinositide metabolism. Osh/Orp proteins transport sterols between organelles and are involved in phosphoinositide metabolism. The link between these two aspects remains elusive. Using novel assays, we address the influence of membrane composition on the ability of Osh4p/Kes1p to extract, deliver, or transport dehydroergosterol (DHE). Surprisingly, phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI(4)P) specifically inhibited DHE extraction because PI(4)P was itself efficiently extracted by Osh4p. We solve the structure of the Osh4p–PI(4)P complex and reveal how Osh4p selectively substitutes PI(4)P for sterol. Last, we show that Osh4p quickly exchanges DHE for PI(4)P and, thereby, can transport these two lipids between membranes along opposite routes. These results suggest a model in which Osh4p transports sterol from the ER to late compartments pinpointed by PI(4)P and, in turn, transports PI(4)P backward. Coupled to PI(4)P metabolism, this transport cycle would create sterol gradients. Because the residues that recognize PI(4)P are conserved in Osh4p homologues, other Osh/Orp are potential sterol/phosphoinositol phosphate exchangers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud de Saint-Jean
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 06560 Valbonne, France
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Loura LMS, Prieto M. Lateral Membrane Heterogeneity Probed by FRET Spectroscopy and Microscopy. SPRINGER SERIES ON FLUORESCENCE 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/4243_2012_59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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16
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Wan CK, Han W, Wu YD. Parameterization of PACE Force Field for Membrane Environment and Simulation of Helical Peptides and Helix–Helix Association. J Chem Theory Comput 2011; 8:300-13. [DOI: 10.1021/ct2004275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheuk-Kin Wan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yun-Dong Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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17
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Influence of the lipid composition of biomimetic monolayers on the structure and orientation of the gp41 tryptophan-rich peptide from HIV-1. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2011; 1808:2534-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2011.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Revised: 06/03/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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18
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Harris F, Dennison SR, Singh J, Phoenix DA. On the selectivity and efficacy of defense peptides with respect to cancer cells. Med Res Rev 2011; 33:190-234. [PMID: 21922503 DOI: 10.1002/med.20252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Here, we review potential determinants of the anticancer efficacy of innate immune peptides (ACPs) for cancer cells. These determinants include membrane-based factors, such as receptors, phosphatidylserine, sialic acid residues, and sulfated glycans, and peptide-based factors, such as residue composition, sequence length, net charge, hydrophobic arc size, hydrophobicity, and amphiphilicity. Each of these factors may contribute to the anticancer action of ACPs, but no single factor(s) makes an overriding contribution to their overall selectivity and toxicity. Differences between the anticancer actions of ACPs seem to relate to different levels of interplay between these peptide and membrane-based factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick Harris
- School of Forensic and Investigative Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, Lancashire, United Kingdom
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19
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Loura LMS, Prieto M, Fernandes F. Quantification of protein-lipid selectivity using FRET. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL : EBJ 2010; 39:565-78. [PMID: 20238256 PMCID: PMC2841278 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-009-0532-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2009] [Revised: 07/30/2009] [Accepted: 08/04/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Membrane proteins exhibit different affinities for different lipid species, and protein-lipid selectivity regulates the membrane composition in close proximity to the protein, playing an important role in the formation of nanoscale membrane heterogeneities. The sensitivity of Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) for distances of 10 A up to 100 A is particularly useful to retrieve information on the relative distribution of proteins and lipids in the range over which protein-lipid selectivity is expected to influence membrane composition. Several FRET-based methods applied to the quantification of protein-lipid selectivity are described herein, and different formalisms applied to the analysis of FRET data for particular geometries of donor-acceptor distribution are critically assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís M. S. Loura
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Centro de Química de Évora, Rua Romão Ramalho, 59, 7000-671 Evora, Portugal
| | - Manuel Prieto
- Centro de Química Física Molecular and Institute of Nanosciences and Nanotechnologies, Complexo I, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Fábio Fernandes
- Department of Membrane Biophysics, Max-Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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20
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Ramadurai S, Holt A, Krasnikov V, van den Bogaart G, Killian JA, Poolman B. Lateral diffusion of membrane proteins. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:12650-6. [PMID: 19673517 DOI: 10.1021/ja902853g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We measured the lateral mobility of integral membrane proteins reconstituted in giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs), using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Receptor, channel, and transporter proteins with 1-36 transmembrane segments (lateral radii ranging from 0.5 to 4 nm) and a alpha-helical peptide (radius of 0.5 nm) were fluorescently labeled and incorporated into GUVs. At low protein-to-lipid ratios (i.e., 10-100 proteins per microm(2) of membrane surface), the diffusion coefficient D displayed a weak dependence on the hydrodynamic radius (R) of the proteins [D scaled with ln(1/R)], consistent with the Saffman-Delbruck model. At higher protein-to lipid ratios (up to 3000 microm(-2)), the lateral diffusion coefficient of the molecules decreased linearly with increasing the protein concentration in the membrane. The implications of our findings for protein mobility in biological membranes (protein crowding of approximately 25,000 microm(-2)) and use of diffusion measurements for protein geometry (size, oligomerization) determinations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivaramakrishnan Ramadurai
- Department of Biochemistry, Groningen Biomolecular science and Biotechnology Institute & Zernike Institute of Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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21
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Holt A, Killian JA. Orientation and dynamics of transmembrane peptides: the power of simple models. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2009; 39:609-21. [PMID: 20020122 PMCID: PMC2841270 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-009-0567-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2009] [Revised: 11/17/2009] [Accepted: 11/19/2009] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In this review we discuss recent insights obtained from well-characterized model systems into the factors that determine the orientation and tilt angles of transmembrane peptides in lipid bilayers. We will compare tilt angles of synthetic peptides with those of natural peptides and proteins, and we will discuss how tilt can be modulated by hydrophobic mismatch between the thickness of the bilayer and the length of the membrane spanning part of the peptide or protein. In particular, we will focus on results obtained on tryptophan-flanked model peptides (WALP peptides) as a case study to illustrate possible consequences of hydrophobic mismatch in molecular detail and to highlight the importance of peptide dynamics for the experimental determination of tilt angles. We will conclude with discussing some future prospects and challenges concerning the use of simple peptide/lipid model systems as a tool to understand membrane structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Holt
- Biochemistry of Membranes, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, 3584CH Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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22
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Membrane microheterogeneity: Förster resonance energy transfer characterization of lateral membrane domains. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2009; 39:589-607. [DOI: 10.1007/s00249-009-0547-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2009] [Revised: 09/14/2009] [Accepted: 09/24/2009] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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23
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Scarpelli F, Drescher M, Rutters-Meijneke T, Holt A, Rijkers DTS, Killian JA, Huber M. Aggregation of Transmembrane Peptides Studied by Spin-Label EPR. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:12257-64. [DOI: 10.1021/jp901371h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Scarpelli
- Department of Molecular Physics, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemical Biology & Organic Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands, and Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Malte Drescher
- Department of Molecular Physics, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemical Biology & Organic Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands, and Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tania Rutters-Meijneke
- Department of Molecular Physics, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemical Biology & Organic Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands, and Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Holt
- Department of Molecular Physics, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemical Biology & Organic Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands, and Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk T. S. Rijkers
- Department of Molecular Physics, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemical Biology & Organic Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands, and Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J. Antoinette Killian
- Department of Molecular Physics, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemical Biology & Organic Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands, and Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martina Huber
- Department of Molecular Physics, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemical Biology & Organic Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands, and Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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24
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Membrane lipid domains and rafts: current applications of fluorescence lifetime spectroscopy and imaging. Chem Phys Lipids 2009; 157:61-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2008.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2008] [Accepted: 07/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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25
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Loura LM, de Almeida RF, Silva LC, Prieto M. FRET analysis of domain formation and properties in complex membrane systems. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2009; 1788:209-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2008.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2008] [Revised: 10/16/2008] [Accepted: 10/16/2008] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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