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Seif Eddine M, Biaso F, Arias‐Cartin R, Pilet E, Rendon J, Lyubenova S, Seduk F, Guigliarelli B, Magalon A, Grimaldi S. Probing the Menasemiquinone Binding Mode to Nitrate Reductase A by Selective2H and15N Labeling, HYSCORE Spectroscopy, and DFT Modeling. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:2704-2714. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201700571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eric Pilet
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, BIP Marseille France
- Faculté de Biologie, University Pierre et Marie Curie Paris France
| | - Julia Rendon
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, BIP Marseille France
| | | | - Farida Seduk
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, LCB Marseille France
| | | | - Axel Magalon
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, LCB Marseille France
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2
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Dikanov SA. Resolving protein-semiquinone interactions by two-dimensional ESEEM spectroscopy. ELECTRON PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849734837-00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. A. Dikanov
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine 190 MSB, 506 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana IL 61801 USA
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3
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Berthold T, Donner von Gromoff E, Santabarbara S, Stehle P, Link G, Poluektov OG, Heathcote P, Beck CF, Thurnauer MC, Kothe G. Exploring the Electron Transfer Pathways in Photosystem I by High-Time-Resolution Electron Paramagnetic Resonance: Observation of the B-Side Radical Pair P700+A1B– in Whole Cells of the Deuterated Green Alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii at Cryogenic Temperatures. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:5563-76. [DOI: 10.1021/ja208806g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Berthold
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104 Freiburg,
Germany
| | | | - Stefano Santabarbara
- School of Biological
and Chemical
Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia Stehle
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104 Freiburg,
Germany
| | - Gerhard Link
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104 Freiburg,
Germany
| | - Oleg G. Poluektov
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering
Division, Argonne National Laboratory,
9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Peter Heathcote
- School of Biological
and Chemical
Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Christoph F. Beck
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestrasse 1, 79104 Freiburg,
Germany
| | - Marion C. Thurnauer
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering
Division, Argonne National Laboratory,
9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Gerd Kothe
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104 Freiburg,
Germany
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4
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Grimaldi S, Arias-Cartin R, Lanciano P, Lyubenova S, Szenes R, Endeward B, Prisner TF, Guigliarelli B, Magalon A. Determination of the proton environment of high stability Menasemiquinone intermediate in Escherichia coli nitrate reductase A by pulsed EPR. J Biol Chem 2011; 287:4662-70. [PMID: 22190684 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.325100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli nitrate reductase A (NarGHI) is a membrane-bound enzyme that couples quinol oxidation at a periplasmically oriented Q-site (Q(D)) to proton release into the periplasm during anaerobic respiration. To elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying such a coupling, endogenous menasemiquinone-8 intermediates stabilized at the Q(D) site (MSQ(D)) of NarGHI have been studied by high-resolution pulsed EPR methods in combination with (1)H2O/2H2O exchange experiments. One of the two non-exchangeable proton hyperfine couplings resolved in hyperfine sublevel correlation (HYSCORE) spectra of the radical displays characteristics typical from quinone methyl protons. However, its unusually small isotropic value reflects a singularly low spin density on the quinone carbon α carrying the methyl group, which is ascribed to a strong asymmetry of the MSQ(D) binding mode and consistent with single-sided hydrogen bonding to the quinone oxygen O1. Furthermore, a single exchangeable proton hyperfine coupling is resolved, both by comparing the HYSCORE spectra of the radical in 1H2O and 2H2O samples and by selective detection of the exchanged deuterons using Q-band 2H Mims electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) spectroscopy. Spectral analysis reveals its peculiar characteristics, i.e. a large anisotropic hyperfine coupling together with an almost zero isotropic contribution. It is assigned to a proton involved in a short ∼1.6 Å in-plane hydrogen bond between the quinone O1 oxygen and the Nδ of the His-66 residue, an axial ligand of the distal heme b(D). Structural and mechanistic implications of these results for the electron-coupled proton translocation mechanism at the Q(D) site are discussed, in light of the unusually high thermodynamic stability of MSQ(D).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Grimaldi
- Unité de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines (UPR9036), Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, CNRS and Aix-Marseille University, 13009 Marseille, France.
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5
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Lin TJ, O’Malley PJ. Binding Site Influence on the Electronic Structure and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Properties of the Phyllosemiquinone Free Radical of Photosystem I. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:9311-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp203484w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Jen Lin
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
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6
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Srinivasan N, Chatterjee R, Milikisiyants S, Golbeck JH, Lakshmi KV. Effect of Hydrogen Bond Strength on the Redox Properties of Phylloquinones: A Two-Dimensional Hyperfine Sublevel Correlation Spectroscopy Study of Photosystem I. Biochemistry 2011; 50:3495-501. [DOI: 10.1021/bi102056q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nithya Srinivasan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Ruchira Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and The Baruch ’60 Center for Biochemical Solar Energy Research, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Sergey Milikisiyants
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and The Baruch ’60 Center for Biochemical Solar Energy Research, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - John H. Golbeck
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - K. V. Lakshmi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and The Baruch ’60 Center for Biochemical Solar Energy Research, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
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7
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MacMillan F, Kacprzak S, Hellwig P, Grimaldi S, Michel H, Kaupp M. Elucidating mechanisms in haemcopperoxidases: The high-affinity QHbinding site in quinol oxidase as studied by DONUT-HYSCOREspectroscopy and density functional theory. Faraday Discuss 2011; 148:315-44; discussion 421-41. [DOI: 10.1039/c005149g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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8
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Santabarbara S, Galuppini L, Casazza AP. Bidirectional electron transfer in the reaction centre of photosystem I. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2010; 52:735-749. [PMID: 20666929 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2010.00977.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade light-induced electron transfer reactions in photosystem I have been the subject of intensive investigations that have led to the elucidation of some unique characteristics, the most striking of which is the existence of two parallel, functional, redox active cofactors chains. This process is generally referred to as bidirectional electron transfer. Here we present a review of the principal evidences that have led to the uncovering of bidirectionality in the reaction centre of photosystem I. A special focus is dedicated to the results obtained combining time-resolved spectroscopic techniques, either difference absorption or electron paramagnetic resonance, with molecular genetics, which allows, through modification of the binding of redox active cofactors with the reaction centre subunits, an effect on their physical-chemical properties.
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Niklas J, Gopta O, Epel B, Lubitz W, Antonkine ML. Investigation of the Stationary and Transient A(1) Radical in Trp --> Phe Mutants of Photosystem I. APPLIED MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2010; 38:187-203. [PMID: 20495604 PMCID: PMC2860100 DOI: 10.1007/s00723-009-0112-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2009] [Revised: 11/25/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem I (PS I) contains two symmetric branches of electron transfer cofactors. In both the A- and B-branches, the phylloquinone in the A(1) site is pi-stacked with a tryptophan residue and is H-bonded to the backbone nitrogen of a leucine residue. In this work, we use optical and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopies to investigate cyanobacterial PS I complexes, where these tryptophan residues are changed to phenylalanine. The time-resolved optical data show that backward electron transfer from the terminal electron acceptors to P(700) (.+) is affected in the A- and B-branch mutants, both at ambient and cryogenic temperatures. These results suggest that the quinones in both branches take part in electron transport at all temperatures. The electron-nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) spectra of the spin-correlated radical pair P(700) (.+)A(1) (.-) and the photoaccumulated radical anion A(1) (.-), recorded at cryogenic temperature, allowed the identification of characteristic resonances belonging to protons of the methyl group, some of the ring protons and the proton hydrogen-bonded to phylloquinone in the wild type and both mutants. Significant changes in PS I isolated from the A-branch mutant are detected, while PS I isolated from the B-branch mutant shows the spectral characteristics of wild-type PS I. A possible short-lived B-branch radical pair cannot be detected by EPR due to the available time resolution; therefore, only the A-branch quinone is observed under conditions typically employed for EPR and ENDOR spectroscopies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Niklas
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Oxana Gopta
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Vorob’evi Gori, 119899 Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris Epel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lubitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Mikhail L. Antonkine
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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10
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Yi SM, Narasimhulu KV, Samoilova RI, Gennis RB, Dikanov SA. Characterization of the semiquinone radical stabilized by the cytochrome aa3-600 menaquinol oxidase of Bacillus subtilis. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:18241-51. [PMID: 20351111 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.116186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome aa(3)-600 is one of the principle respiratory oxidases from Bacillus subtilis and is a member of the heme-copper superfamily of oxygen reductases. This enzyme catalyzes the two-electron oxidation of menaquinol and the four-electron reduction of O(2) to 2H(2)O. Cytochrome aa(3)-600 is of interest because it is a very close homologue of the cytochrome bo(3) ubiquinol oxidase from Escherichia coli, except that it uses menaquinol instead of ubiquinol as a substrate. One question of interest is how the proteins differ in response to the differences in structure and electrochemical properties between ubiquinol and menaquinol. Cytochrome bo(3) has a high affinity binding site for ubiquinol that stabilizes a ubi-semiquinone. This has permitted the use of pulsed EPR techniques to investigate the protein interaction with the ubiquinone. The current work initiates studies to characterize the equivalent site in cytochrome aa(3)-600. Cytochrome aa(3)-600 has been cloned and expressed in a His-tagged form in B. subtilis. After isolation of the enzyme in dodecylmaltoside, it is shown that the pure enzyme contains 1 eq of menaquinone-7 and that the enzyme stabilizes a mena-semiquinone. Pulsed EPR studies have shown that there are both similarities as well as significant differences in the interactions of the mena-semiquinone with cytochrome aa(3)-600 in comparison with the ubi-semiquinone in cytochrome bo(3). Our data indicate weaker hydrogen bonds of the menaquinone in cytochrome aa(3)-600 in comparison with ubiquinone in cytochrome bo(3). In addition, the electronic structure of the semiquinone cyt aa(3)-600 is more shifted toward the anionic form from the neutral state in cyt bo(3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia M Yi
- Departments of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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11
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Srinivasan N, Golbeck JH. Protein–cofactor interactions in bioenergetic complexes: The role of the A1A and A1B phylloquinones in Photosystem I. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2009; 1787:1057-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2009.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2009] [Revised: 04/14/2009] [Accepted: 04/22/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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12
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Niklas J, Epel B, Antonkine ML, Sinnecker S, Pandelia ME, Lubitz W. Electronic Structure of the Quinone Radical Anion A1•− of Photosystem I Investigated by Advanced Pulse EPR and ENDOR Techniques. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:10367-79. [DOI: 10.1021/jp901890z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Niklas
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany, and Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Boris Epel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany, and Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mikhail L. Antonkine
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany, and Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Sinnecker
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany, and Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria-Eirini Pandelia
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany, and Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lubitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany, and Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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13
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Rappaport F, Diner BA, Redding K. Optical Measurements of Secondary Electron Transfer in Photosystem I. PHOTOSYSTEM I 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-4256-0_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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14
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Santabarbara S, Heathcote P, Evans MCW. Modelling of the electron transfer reactions in Photosystem I by electron tunnelling theory: The phylloquinones bound to the PsaA and the PsaB reaction centre subunits of PS I are almost isoenergetic to the iron–sulfur cluster FX. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2005; 1708:283-310. [PMID: 15975545 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2005.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2004] [Revised: 04/12/2005] [Accepted: 05/03/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Photosystem I is a large macromolecular complex located in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts and in cyanobacteria that catalyses the light driven reduction of ferredoxin and oxidation of plastocyanin. Due to the very negative redox potential of the primary electron transfer cofactors accepting electrons, direct estimation by redox titration of the energetics of the system is hampered. However, the rates of electron transfer reactions are related to the thermodynamic properties of the system. Hence, several spectroscopic and biochemical techniques have been employed, in combination with the classical Marcus theory for electron transfer tunnelling, in order to access these parameters. Nevertheless, the values which have been presented are very variable. In particular, for the case of the tightly bound phylloquinone molecule A(1), the values of the redox potentials reported in the literature vary over a range of about 350 mV. Previous models of Photosystem I have assumed a unidirectional electron transfer model. In the present study, experimental evidence obtained by means of time resolved absorption, photovoltage, and electron paramagnetic resonance measurements are reviewed and analysed in terms of a bi-directional kinetic model for electron transfer reactions. This model takes into consideration the thermodynamic equilibrium between the iron-sulfur centre F(X) and the phylloquinone bound to either the PsaA (A(1A)) or the PsaB (A(1B)) subunit of the reaction centre and the equilibrium between the iron-sulfur centres F(A) and F(B). The experimentally determined decay lifetimes in the range of sub-picosecond to the microsecond time domains can be satisfactorily simulated, taking into consideration the edge-to-edge distances between redox cofactors and driving forces reported in the literature. The only exception to this general behaviour is the case of phylloquinone (A(1)) reoxidation. In order to describe the reported rates of the biphasic decay, of about 20 and 200 ns, associated with this electron transfer step, the redox potentials of the quinones are estimated to be almost isoenergetic with that of the iron sulfur centre F(X). A driving force in the range of 5 to 15 meV is estimated for these reactions, being slightly exergonic in the case of the A(1B) quinone and slightly endergonic, in the case of the A(1A) quinone. The simulation presented in this analysis not only describes the kinetic data obtained for the wild type samples at room temperature and is consistent with estimates of activation energy by the analysis of temperature dependence, but can also explain the effect of the mutations around the PsaB quinone binding pocket. A model of the overall energetics of the system is derived, which suggests that the only substantially irreversible electron transfer reactions are the reoxidation of A(0) on both electron transfer branches and the reduction of F(A) by F(X).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Santabarbara
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
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Pushkar YN, Karyagina I, Stehlik D, Brown S, van der Est A. Recruitment of a Foreign Quinone into the A1 Site of Photosystem I. J Biol Chem 2005; 280:12382-90. [PMID: 15640524 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m412940200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In photosystem I (PS I), phylloquinone (PhQ) acts as a low potential electron acceptor during light-induced electron transfer (ET). The origin of the very low midpoint potential of the quinone is investigated by introducing anthraquinone (AQ) into PS I in the presence and absence of the iron-sulfur clusters. Solvent extraction and reincubation is used to obtain PS I particles containing AQ and the iron-sulfur clusters, whereas incubation of the menB rubA double mutant yields PS I with AQ in the PhQ site but no iron-sulfur clusters. Transient electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy is used to investigate the orientation of AQ in the binding site and the ET kinetics. The low temperature spectra suggest that the orientation of AQ in all samples is the same as that of PhQ in native PS I. In PS I containing the iron sulfur clusters, (i) the rate of forward electron transfer from the AQ*- to F(X) is found to be faster than from PhQ*- to F(X), and (ii) the spin polarization patterns provide indirect evidence that the preceding ET step from A0*- to quinone is slower than in the native system. The changes in the kinetics are in accordance with the more negative reduction midpoint potential of AQ. Moreover, a comparison of the spectra in the presence and absence of the iron-sulfur clusters suggests that the midpoint potential of AQ is more negative in the presence of F(X). The electron transfer from the AQ- to F(X) is found to be thermally activated with a lower apparent activation energy than for PhQ in native PS I. The spin polarization patterns show that the triplet character in the initial state of P700)*+AQ*- increases with temperature. This behavior is rationalized in terms of a model involving a distribution of lifetimes/redox potentials for A0 and related competition between charge recombination and forward electron transfer from the radical pair P700*+A0*-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia N Pushkar
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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16
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An EPR/ENDOR study of the asymmetric hydrogen bond between the quinone electron acceptor and the protein backbone in Photosystem I. J Mol Struct 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2004.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Photo- and chemically-produced phylloquinone biradicals: EPR and ENDOR study. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nainr.2003.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Ishikita H, Knapp EW. Redox potential of quinones in both electron transfer branches of photosystem I. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:52002-11. [PMID: 12972408 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m306434200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The redox potentials of the two electron transfer (ET) active quinones in the central part of photosystem I (PSI) were determined by evaluating the electrostatic energies from the solution of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation based on the crystal structure. The calculated redox potentials are -531 mV for A1A and -686 mV for A1B. From these results we conclude the following. (i) Both branches are active with a much faster ET in the B-branch than in the A-branch. (ii) The measured lifetime of 200-290 ns of reduced quinones agrees with the estimate for the A-branch and corroborates with an uphill ET from this quinone to the iron-sulfur cluster as observed in recent kinetic measurements. (iii) The electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopic data refer to the A-branch quinone where the corresponding ET is uphill in energy. The negative redox potential of A1 in PSI is primarily because of the influence from the negatively charged FX, in contrast to the positive shift on the quinone redox potential in bacterial reaction center and PSII that is attributed to the positively charged non-heme iron atom. The conserved residue Asp-B575 changes its protonation state after quinone reduction. The difference of 155 mV in the quinone redox potentials of the two branches were attributed to the conformation of the backbone with a large contribution from Ser-A692 and Ser-B672 and to the side chain of Asp-B575, whose protonation state couples differently with the formation of the quinone radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ishikita
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, Institute of Chemistry, Free University of Berlin, Takustrasse 6, Berlin D-14195, Germany
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19
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Golbeck JH. The binding of cofactors to photosystem I analyzed by spectroscopic and mutagenic methods. ANNUAL REVIEW OF BIOPHYSICS AND BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE 2003; 32:237-56. [PMID: 12524325 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.biophys.32.110601.142356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on cofactor-ligand and protein-protein interactions within the photosystem I reaction center. The topics include a description of the electron transfer cofactors, the mode of binding of the cofactors to protein-bound ligands, and a description of intraprotein contacts that ultimately allow photosystem I to be assembled (in cyanobacteria) from 96 chlorophylls, 22 carotenoids, 2 phylloquinones, 3 [4Fe-4S] clusters, and 12 polypeptides. During the 15 years that have elapsed from the first report of crystals to the atomic-resolution X-ray crystal structure, cofactor-ligand interactions and protein-protein interactions were systematically being explored by spectroscopic and genetic methods. This article charts the interplay between these disciplines and assesses how good the early insights were in light of the current structure of photosystem I.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H Golbeck
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
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20
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Proton ENDOR spectroscopy of the anion radicals of the chlorophyll primary electron acceptors in type I photosynthetic reaction centres. Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0104(03)00284-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Fairclough WV, Forsyth A, Evans MCW, Rigby SEJ, Purton S, Heathcote P. Bidirectional electron transfer in photosystem I: electron transfer on the PsaA side is not essential for phototrophic growth in Chlamydomonas. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2003; 1606:43-55. [PMID: 14507426 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(03)00083-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We have used pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements of the electron spin polarised (ESP) signals arising from the geminate radical pair P700(z.rad;+)/A(1)(z.rad;-) to detect electron transfer on both the PsaA and PsaB branches of redox cofactors in the photosystem I (PSI) reaction centre of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. We have also used electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) spectroscopy to monitor the electronic structure of the bound phyllosemiquinones on both the PsaA and PsaB polypeptides. Both these spectroscopic assays have been used to analyse the effects of site-directed mutations to the axial ligands of the primary chlorophyll electron acceptor(s) A(0) and the conserved tryptophan in the PsaB phylloquinone (A(1)) binding pocket. Substitution of histidine for the axial ligand methionine on the PsaA branch (PsaA-M684H) blocks electron transfer to the PsaA-branch phylloquinone, and blocks photoaccumulation of the PsaA-branch phyllosemiquinone. However, this does not prevent photoautotrophic growth, indicating that electron transfer via the PsaB branch must take place and is alone sufficient to support growth. The corresponding substitution on the PsaB branch (PsaB-M664H) blocks kinetic electron transfer to the PsaB phylloquinone at 100 K, but does not block the photoaccumulation of the phyllosemiquinone. This transformant is unable to grow photoautotrophically although PsaA-branch electron transfer to and from the phyllosemiquinone is functional, indicating that the B branch of electron transfer may be essential for photoautotrophic growth. Mutation of the conserved tryptophan PsaB-W673 to leucine affects the electronic structure of the PsaB phyllosemiquinone, and also prevents photoautotrophic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy V Fairclough
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
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Heathcote P, Jones MR, Fyfe PK. Type I photosynthetic reaction centres: structure and function. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2003; 358:231-43. [PMID: 12594931 PMCID: PMC1693109 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2002.1178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We review recent advances in the study of the photosystem I reaction centre, following the determination of a spectacular 2.5 A resolution crystal structure for this complex of Synechococcus elongatus. Photosystem I is proving different to type II reaction centres in structure and organization, and the mechanism of transmembrane electron transfer, and is providing insights into the control of function in reaction centres that operate at very low redox potentials. The photosystem I complex of oxygenic organisms has a counterpart in non-oxygenic bacteria, the strictly anaerobic phototrophic green sulphur bacteria and heliobacteria. The most distinctive feature of these type I reaction centres is that they contain two copies of a large core polypeptide (i.e. a homodimer), rather than a heterodimeric arrangement of two related, but different, polypeptides as in the photosystem I complex. To compare the structural organization of the two forms of type I reaction centre, we have modelled the structure of the central region of the reaction centre from green sulphur bacteria, using sequence alignments and the structural coordinates of the S. elongatus Photosystem I complex. The outcome of these modelling studies is described, concentrating on regions of the type I reaction centre where important structure-function relationships have been demonstrated or inferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Heathcote
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
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Rigby SEJ, Muhiuddin IP, Evans MCW, Purton S, Heathcote P. Photoaccumulation of the PsaB phyllosemiquinone in photosystem I of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2002; 1556:13-20. [PMID: 12351214 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(02)00281-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Photoaccumulation of membrane preparations of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii at pH 8 and 220 K reduces the primary and secondary electron acceptors in the Photosystem I (PSI) reaction centre, and produces a maximum of two spins per P700(z.rad;+). Proton electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) spectra demonstrate that the phyllosemiquinone produced is that attributed to the PsaA branch of electron transfer. Photoaccumulation at pH 10 and 220 K produces a maximum of four spins per P700(z.rad;+), and proton ENDOR spectra indicate that a second phyllosemiquinone is being photoaccumulated, with markedly different proton hyperfine couplings (hfcs). This phyllosemiquinone is unaffected by mutation of PsaAW693, confirming that it does not arise from the PsaA branch of electron transfer, and we therefore attribute it to the PsaB phyllosemiquinone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen E J Rigby
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, E1 4NS, London, UK
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24
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Fursman CE, Teutloff C, Bittl R. Pulsed ENDOR Studies of Short-Lived Spin-Correlated Radical Pairs in Photosynthetic Reaction Centers. J Phys Chem B 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0257202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E. Fursman
- Max-Volmer-Laboratorium, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Teutloff
- Max-Volmer-Laboratorium, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Bittl
- Max-Volmer-Laboratorium, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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SALIKHOV KEVM, ZECH STEPHANG, STEHLIK DIETMAR. Light induced radical pair intermediates in photosynthetic reaction centres in contact with an observer spin label: spin dynamics and effects on transient EPR spectra. Mol Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970110112336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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26
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van der Est A. Light-induced spin polarization in type I photosynthetic reaction centres. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2001; 1507:212-25. [PMID: 11687216 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(01)00204-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The use of light-induced spin polarization to study the structure and function of type I reaction centres is reviewed. The absorption of light by these systems generates a series of sequential radical pairs, which exhibit spin polarization as a result of the correlation of the unpaired electron spins. A description of how the polarization patterns can be used to deduce the relative orientation of the radicals is given and the most important structural results from such studies on photosystem I (PS I) are summarized. Quinone exchange experiments which demonstrate the influence of protein-cofactor interactions on the polarization patterns are discussed. The results show that there are significant differences between the binding sites of the primary quinone acceptors in PS I and purple bacterial reaction centres and suggest that pi-pi interactions probably play a more important role in PS I. Studies using spin-polarized EPR transients and spectra to investigate the electron transfer pathway and kinetics are also reviewed. The results from PS I, green-sulphur bacteria and Heliobacteria are compared and the controversy surrounding the role of a quinone in the electron transfer in the latter two systems is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A van der Est
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 500 Glenridge Avenue, L2S 3A1, St. Catharines, ON, Canada.
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27
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Rigby SE, Evans MC, Heathcote P. Electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) spectroscopy of radicals in photosystem I and related Type 1 photosynthetic reaction centres. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2001; 1507:247-59. [PMID: 11687218 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(01)00211-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S E Rigby
- School of Biological Sciences, University of London, UK.
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28
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Bittl R, Zech SG. Pulsed EPR spectroscopy on short-lived intermediates in Photosystem I. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2001; 1507:194-211. [PMID: 11687215 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(01)00210-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The application of pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy on short-lived intermediates in Photosystem I is reviewed. The spin polarization in light-induced radical pairs gives rise to a phase shifted 'out-of-phase' electron spin echo signal. This echo signal shows a prominent modulation of its intensity as a function of the spacing between the two microwave pulses. Its modulation frequency is determined by the electron-electron spin couplings within the radical pair. Thereby, the measurement of the dipolar coupling gives direct information about the spin-spin distance and can therefore be used to determine cofactor distances with high precision. Application of this technique to the radical pair P(*+)(700)A(*-)(1) in Photosystem I is discussed. Moreover, if oriented samples (e.g. single crystals) are used, the angular dependence of the dipolar coupling can be used to derive the orientation of the axis connecting donor and acceptor with respect to an external (crystal) axes system. Using out-of-phase electron spin echo envelope modulation spectroscopy, the localization of the secondary acceptor quinone A(1) has become possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bittl
- Max-Volmer-Institut, Technische Universität Berlin, Germany.
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Abstract
In plants and cyanobacteria, the primary step in oxygenic photosynthesis, the light induced charge separation, is driven by two large membrane intrinsic protein complexes, the photosystems I and II. Photosystem I catalyses the light driven electron transfer from plastocyanin/cytochrome c(6) on the lumenal side of the membrane to ferredoxin/flavodoxin at the stromal side by a chain of electron carriers. Photosystem I of Synechococcus elongatus consists of 12 protein subunits, 96 chlorophyll a molecules, 22 carotenoids, three [4Fe4S] clusters and two phylloquinones. Furthermore, it has been discovered that four lipids are intrinsic components of photosystem I. Photosystem I exists as a trimer in the native membrane with a molecular mass of 1068 kDa for the whole complex. The X-ray structure of photosystem I at a resolution of 2.5 A shows the location of the individual subunits and cofactors and provides new information on the protein-cofactor interactions. [P. Jordan, P. Fromme, H.T. Witt, O. Klukas, W. Saenger, N. Krauss, Nature 411 (2001) 909-917]. In this review, biochemical data and results of biophysical investigations are discussed with respect to the X-ray crystallographic structure in order to give an overview of the structure and function of this large membrane protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Fromme
- Max Volmer Laboratorium für Biophysikalische Chemie Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Germany.
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Boudreaux B, MacMillan F, Teutloff C, Agalarov R, Gu F, Grimaldi S, Bittl R, Brettel K, Redding K. Mutations in both sides of the photosystem I reaction center identify the phylloquinone observed by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:37299-306. [PMID: 11489879 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m102327200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The core of photosystem I (PS1) is composed of the two related integral membrane polypeptides, PsaA and PsaB, which bind two symmetrical branches of cofactors, each consisting of two chlorophylls and a phylloquinone, that potentially link the primary electron donor and the tertiary acceptor. In an effort to identify amino acid residues near the phylloquinone binding sites, all tryptophans and histidines that are conserved between PsaA and PsaB in the region of the 10th and 11th transmembrane alpha-helices were mutated in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The mutant PS1 reaction centers appear to assemble normally and possess photochemical activity. An electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signal attributed to the phylloquinone anion radical (A(1)(-)) can be observed either transiently or after illumination of reaction centers with pre-reduced iron-sulfur clusters. Mutation of PsaA-Trp(693) to Phe resulted in an inability to photo-accumulate A(1)(-), whereas mutation of the analogous tryptophan in PsaB (PsaB-Trp(673)) did not produce this effect. The PsaA-W693F mutation also produced spectral changes in the time-resolved EPR spectrum of the P(700)(+) A(1)(-) radical pair, whereas the analogous mutation in PsaB had no observable effect. These observations indicate that the A(1)(-) phylloquinone radical observed by EPR occupies the phylloquinone-binding site containing PsaA-Trp(693). However, mutation of either tryptophan accelerated charge recombination from the terminal Fe-S clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Boudreaux
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
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31
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Zech SG, Hofbauer W, Kamlowski A, Fromme P, Stehlik D, Lubitz W, Bittl R. A Structural Model for the Charge Separated State in Photosystem I from the Orientation of the Magnetic Interaction Tensors. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp002125w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan G. Zech
- Max-Volmer-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17, Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany, and Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wulf Hofbauer
- Max-Volmer-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17, Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany, and Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Kamlowski
- Max-Volmer-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17, Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany, and Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Fromme
- Max-Volmer-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17, Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany, and Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Stehlik
- Max-Volmer-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17, Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany, and Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lubitz
- Max-Volmer-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17, Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany, and Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Bittl
- Max-Volmer-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17, Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany, and Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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32
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Hastings SF, Heathcote P, Ingledew WJ, Rigby SE. ENDOR spectroscopic studies of stable semiquinone radicals bound to the Escherichia coli cytochrome bo3 quinol oxidase. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 2000; 267:5638-45. [PMID: 10951225 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.01643.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The putative oxidation of ubiquinol by the cytochrome bo3 terminal oxidase of Escherichia coli in sequential one-electron steps requires stabilization of the semiquinone. ENDOR spectroscopy has recently been used to study the native ubisemiquinone radical formed in the cytochrome bo3 quinone-binding site [Veselov, A.V., Osborne, J.P., Gennis, R.B. & Scholes, C.P. (2000) Biochemistry 39, 3169-3175]. Comparison of these spectra with those from the decyl-ubisemiquinone radical in vitro indicated that the protein induced large changes in the electronic structure of the ubisemiquinone radical. We have used quinone-substitution experiments to obtain ENDOR spectra of ubisemiquinone, phyllosemiquinone and plastosemiquinone anion radicals bound at the cytochrome bo3 quinone-binding site. Large changes in the electronic structures of these semiquinone anion radicals are induced on binding to the cytochrome bo3 oxidase. The changes in electronic structure are, however, independent of the electronic structures of these semiquinones in vitro. Thus it is shown to be the structure of this binding site in the protein, not the covalent structure of the bound quinone, that determines the electronic structure of the protein-bound semiquinone.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Hastings
- School of Biological Sciences, University of St Andrews, Fife, UK
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33
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Zybailov B, van der Est A, Zech SG, Teutloff C, Johnson TW, Shen G, Bittl R, Stehlik D, Chitnis PR, Golbeck JH. Recruitment of a foreign quinone into the A(1) site of photosystem I. II. Structural and functional characterization of phylloquinone biosynthetic pathway mutants by electron paramagnetic resonance and electron-nuclear double resonance spectroscopy. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:8531-9. [PMID: 10722691 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.275.12.8531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and electron-nuclear double resonance studies of the photosystem (PS) I quinone acceptor, A(1), in phylloquinone biosynthetic pathway mutants are described. Room temperature continuous wave EPR measurements at X-band of whole cells of menA and menB interruption mutants show a transient reduction and oxidation of an organic radical with a g-value and anisotropy characteristic of a quinone. In PS I complexes, the continuous wave EPR spectrum of the photoaccumulated Q(-) radical, measured at Q-band, and the electron spin-polarized transient EPR spectra of the radical pair P700(+) Q(-), measured at X-, Q-, and W-bands, show three prominent features: (i) Q(-) has a larger g-anisotropy than native phylloquinone, (ii) Q(-) does not display the prominent methyl hyperfine couplings attributed to the 2-methyl group of phylloquinone, and (iii) the orientation of Q(-) in the A(1) site as derived from the spin polarization is that of native phylloquinone in the wild type. Electron spin echo modulation experiments on P700(+) Q(-) show that the dipolar coupling in the radical pair is the same as in native PS I, i.e. the distance between P700(+) and Q(-) (25.3 +/- 0.3 A) is the same as between P700(+) and A(1)(-) in the wild type. Pulsed electron-nuclear double resonance studies show two sets of resolved spectral features with nearly axially symmetric hyperfine couplings. They are tentatively assigned to the two methyl groups of the recruited plastoquinone-9, and their difference indicates a strong inequivalence among the two groups when in the A(1) site. These results show that Q (i) functions in accepting an electron from A(0)(-) and in passing the electron forward to the iron-sulfur clusters, (ii) occupies the A(1) site with an orientation similar to that of phylloquinone in the wild type, and (iii) has spectroscopic properties consistent with its identity as plastoquinone-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Zybailov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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Density functional calculated spin densities and hyperfine couplings for hydrogen bonded 1,4-naphthosemiquinone and phyllosemiquinone anion radicals: a model for the A1 free radical formed in photosystem I. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1999; 1411:101-13. [PMID: 10216156 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(99)00036-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The B3LYP hybrid density functional method is used to calculate spin densities and hyperfine couplings for the 1,4-naphthosemiquinone anion radical and a model of the phyllosemiquinone anion radical. The effect of hydrogen bonding on the spin density distribution is shown to lead to a redistribution of pi spin density from the semiquinone carbonyl oxygens to the carbonyl carbon atoms. The effect of in plane and out of plane hydrogen bonding is examined. Out of plane hydrogen bonding is shown to give rise to a significant delocalisation of spin density on to the hydrogen bond donor heavy atom. Excellent agreement is observed between calculated and experimental hyperfine couplings. Comparison of calculated hyperfine couplings with experimental determinations for the A1 phyllosemiquinone anion radical present in Photosystem I (PS I) of higher plant photosynthesis indicates that the in vivo radical may have a hydrogen bond to the O4 atom only as opposed to hydrogen bonds to each oxygen atom in alcohol solvents. The hydrogen bonding situation appears to be the reverse of that observed for QA in the bacterial type II reaction centres where the strong hydrogen bond occurs to the quinone O1 oxygen atom. For different types of reaction centre the presence or absence of the non-heme Fe(II) atom may well determine which type of hydrogen bonding situation prevails at the primary quinone site which in turn may influence the direction of subsequent electron transfer.
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Kamlowski A, Zech SG, Fromme P, Bittl R, Lubitz W, Witt HT, Stehlik D. The Radical Pair State in Photosystem I Single Crystals: Orientation Dependence of the Transient Spin-Polarized EPR Spectra. J Phys Chem B 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9817022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Kamlowski
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany, and Max-Volmer-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17 Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan G. Zech
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany, and Max-Volmer-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17 Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Fromme
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany, and Max-Volmer-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17 Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Bittl
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany, and Max-Volmer-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17 Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lubitz
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany, and Max-Volmer-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17 Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Horst T. Witt
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany, and Max-Volmer-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17 Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Stehlik
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany, and Max-Volmer-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17 Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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Kamlowski A, Altenberg-Greulich B, van der Est A, Zech SG, Bittl R, Fromme P, Lubitz W, Stehlik D. The Quinone Acceptor A1 in Photosystem I: Binding Site, and Comparison to QA in Purple Bacteria Reaction Centers. J Phys Chem B 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9824611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Kamlowski
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Abt. Biocomputing, Meyerhofstr. 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany; and Max-Volmer-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Brigitte Altenberg-Greulich
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Abt. Biocomputing, Meyerhofstr. 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany; and Max-Volmer-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Arthur van der Est
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Abt. Biocomputing, Meyerhofstr. 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany; and Max-Volmer-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan G. Zech
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Abt. Biocomputing, Meyerhofstr. 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany; and Max-Volmer-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Bittl
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Abt. Biocomputing, Meyerhofstr. 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany; and Max-Volmer-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Fromme
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Abt. Biocomputing, Meyerhofstr. 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany; and Max-Volmer-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lubitz
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Abt. Biocomputing, Meyerhofstr. 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany; and Max-Volmer-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Stehlik
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Abt. Biocomputing, Meyerhofstr. 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany; and Max-Volmer-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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Yang F, Shen G, Schluchter WM, Zybailov BL, Ganago AO, Vassiliev IR, Bryant DA, Golbeck JH. Deletion of the PsaF Polypeptide Modifies the Environment of the Redox-Active Phylloquinone (A1). Evidence for Unidirectionality of Electron Transfer in Photosystem I. J Phys Chem B 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp981952i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Gaozhong Shen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Wendy M. Schluchter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Boris L. Zybailov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Alexander O. Ganago
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Ilya R. Vassiliev
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Donald A. Bryant
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - John H. Golbeck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
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Pulsed EPR detection of light-generated nuclear coherences in photosynthetic reaction centers. Chem Phys Lett 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(97)01331-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Hanley J, Deligiannakis Y, MacMillan F, Bottin H, Rutherford AW. ESEEM study of the phyllosemiquinone radical A1.- in 14N- and 15N-labeled photosystem I. Biochemistry 1997; 36:11543-9. [PMID: 9340006 DOI: 10.1021/bi971360a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The phyllosemiquinone radical of the photosystem I reaction center has been studied by electron spin echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) spectroscopy. A comparative analysis of ESEEM data of the semiquinone in 14N- and 15N-labeled PSI and numerical simulations demonstrate the existence of two protein nitrogen nuclei coupled to the semiquinone. One of the 14N couplings is characterized by a quadrupolar coupling constant e2qQ/4h of 0.77 MHz, an asymmetry parameter eta of 0.18, and a hyperfine coupling tensor with an almost pure isotropic hyperfine coupling, i.e. (Axx, Ayy, Azz) = (1.3, 1.3, 1.5 MHz). The second nitrogen coupling is characterized by a quadrupolar coupling constant e2qQ/4h of 0.45 MHz, an asymmetry parameter eta of 0.85, and a weak hyperfine coupling tensor with a dominant anisotropic part, i.e. (Axx, Ayy, Azz) = (-0.2, -0.2, 1.5 MHz). On the basis of a comparison of the 14N-ESEEM data with 14N-NQR and 14N-ESEEM data from the literature, the first coupled nitrogen is assigned to the indole nitrogen of a tryptophan residue. The coupling of the second nitrogen is much weaker and therefore more difficult to assign. However, the simulated spectrum best describes an amino nitrogen of a histidine, although the amide group of an asparagine or glutamine cannot be ruled out. The possible origins of teh nitrogen hyperfine coupling are discussed in terms of the amino acid residues thought to be close to the semiquinone in PSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hanley
- Section de Bioénergétique (URA CNRS 2096), Département de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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MacMillan F, Hanley J, van der Weerd L, Knüpling M, Un S, Rutherford AW. Orientation of the phylloquinone electron acceptor anion radical in photosystem I. Biochemistry 1997; 36:9297-303. [PMID: 9280439 DOI: 10.1021/bi971097d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The photosynthetic reaction center of photosystem I (PS I) contains a phylloquinone molecule (A1) which acts as a transient electron acceptor. In PS I form the cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC 6803 under reducing conditions, we have photoaccumulated an EPR signal assigned to the phylloquinone radical anion. The phylloquinone EPR spectrum has been studied in oriented multilayers of PS I using EPR at 9 GHz. In addition, the phyllosemiquinone spectrum has been obtained at 283 GHz using high-field, high-frequency EPR spectroscopy. From the orientation dependence of the spectrum at 9 GHz and the resolved g values obtained at 283 GHz, the phyllosemiquinone ring plane was determined to be almost perpendicular to the membrane (76 degrees) while the oxygen-oxygen (O-O) axis of the quinone was found to make an approximate 63 degrees angle to the membrane plane. The orientation of the ring plane is similar to that determined for the quinone electron acceptor (QA) in the purple bacterial reaction center, while the orientation of the O-O axis is significantly different. The new orientation information, when taken with data in the literature, allows the position of the phylloquinone in the reaction center to be better defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- F MacMillan
- Département de Biologie Cellulaire et Molécularie, CNRS URA 2096, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Ostafin AE, Weber S. Quinone exchange at the A1 site in Photosystem I in spinach and cyanobacteria. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(97)00023-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Electron transfer and arrangement of the redox cofactors in photosystem I. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(96)00112-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 380] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Klughammer C, Pace RJ. Photoreduction of the secondary Photosystem I electron acceptor vitamin K1 in intact spinach chloroplasts and Cyanobacteria in vivo. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(96)00129-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Levanon H, Möbius K. Advanced EPR spectroscopy on electron transfer processes in photosynthesis and biomimetic model systems. ANNUAL REVIEW OF BIOPHYSICS AND BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE 1997; 26:495-540. [PMID: 9241428 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.biophys.26.1.495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This review focuses on the recent advances in EPR spectroscopy as they are applied both to photoinduced electron transfer in the photosynthetic apparatus and to biomimetic systems. The review deals with time-resolved direct-detection cw and pulsed EPR and ENDOR methods, both at conventional bands [X-(9.5 GHz), K-(24 GHz), and Q-(35 GHz)(] and at high frequency bands (W-band, 95 GHz, and even higher frequency bands). EPR studies on photosynthetic and model systems in their doublet, triplet and radical pair states are surveyed, including their static and dynamic properties. APplications of time-resolved EPR in studying photoinduced electron and energy transfer in isotropic and anisotropic environments, and the concepts of electron spin polarization and magnetic field effects in photochemical reactions are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Levanon
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
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