1
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Sardar S, Caferri R, Camargo FVA, Capaldi S, Ghezzi A, Dall'Osto L, D'Andrea C, Cerullo G, Bassi R. Site-Directed Mutagenesis of the Chlorophyll-Binding Sites Modulates Excited-State Lifetime and Chlorophyll-Xanthophyll Energy Transfer in the Monomeric Light-Harvesting Complex CP29. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:3149-3158. [PMID: 38478725 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
We combine site-directed mutagenesis with picosecond time-resolved fluorescence and femtosecond transient absorption (TA) spectroscopies to identify excitation energy transfer (EET) processes between chlorophylls (Chls) and xanthophylls (Xant) in the minor antenna complex CP29 assembled inside nanodiscs, which result in quenching. When compared to WT CP29, a longer lifetime was observed in the A2 mutant, missing Chl a612, which closely interacts with Xant Lutein in site L1. Conversely, a shorter lifetime was obtained in the A5 mutant, in which the interaction between Chl a603 and Chl a609 is strengthened, shifting absorption to lower energy and enhancing Chl-Xant EET. Global analysis of TA data indicated that EET from Chl a Qy to a Car dark state S* is active in both the A2 and A5 mutants and that their rate constants are modulated by mutations. Our study provides experimental evidence that multiple Chl-Xant interactions are involved in the quenching activity of CP29.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samim Sardar
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Rubattino 81, 20134 Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Caferri
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Franco V A Camargo
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Capaldi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Alberto Ghezzi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Dall'Osto
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Cosimo D'Andrea
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Rubattino 81, 20134 Milan, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Giulio Cerullo
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Bassi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
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2
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Dai J, Zheng M, He Y, Zhou Y, Wang M, Chen B. Real-time response counterattack strategy of tolerant microalgae Chlorella vulgaris MBFJNU-1 in original swine wastewater and free ammonia. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 377:128945. [PMID: 36958682 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This work was the first time to systematically clarify the potential tolerance mechanism of an indigenous Chlorella vulgaris MBFJNU-1 towards the free ammonia (FA) during the original swine wastewater (OSW) treatment by transcriptome analysis using C. vulgaris UETX395 as the control group. The obtained results showed that C. vulgaris MBFJNU-1 was found to be more resistant to the high levels of FA (115 mg/L) and OSW in comparison to C. vulgaris UETX395 (38 mg/L). Moreover, the transcriptomic results stated that some key pathways from arginine biosynthesis, electron generation and transmission, ATP synthesis in chloroplasts, and glutathione synthesis of C. vulgaris MBFJNU-1 were greatly related with the OSW and FA. Additionally, C. vulgaris MBFJNU-1 in OSW and FA performed similar results in the common differentially expressed genes from these mentioned pathways. Overall, these obtained results deliver essential details in microalgal biotechnology to treat swine wastewater and high free ammonia wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxuan Dai
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Mingmin Zheng
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
| | - Yongjin He
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Youcai Zhou
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Mingzi Wang
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Bilian Chen
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
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3
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Sardar S, Caferri R, Camargo FVA, Pamos Serrano J, Ghezzi A, Capaldi S, Dall’Osto L, Bassi R, D’Andrea C, Cerullo G. Molecular mechanisms of light harvesting in the minor antenna CP29 in near-native membrane lipidic environment. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:205101. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0087898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CP29, a chlorophyll a/ b-xanthophyll binding protein, bridges energy transfer between the major LHCII antenna complexes and photosystem II reaction centers. It hosts one of the two identified quenching sites, making it crucial for regulated photoprotection mechanisms. Until now, the photophysics of CP29 has been studied on the purified protein in detergent solutions since spectrally overlapping signals affect in vivo measurements. However, the protein in detergent assumes non-native conformations compared to its physiological state in the thylakoid membrane. Here, we report a detailed photophysical study on CP29 inserted in discoidal lipid bilayers, known as nanodiscs, which mimic the native membrane environment. Using picosecond time-resolved fluorescence and femtosecond transient absorption (TA), we observed shortening of the Chl fluorescence lifetime with a decrease of the carotenoid triplet formation yield for CP29 in nanodiscs as compared to the protein in detergent. Global analysis of TA data suggests a 1Chl* quenching mechanism dependent on excitation energy transfer to a carotenoid dark state, likely the proposed S*, which is believed to be formed due to a carotenoid conformational change affecting the S1 state. We suggest that the accessibility of the S* state in different local environments plays a key role in determining the quenching of Chl excited states. In vivo, non-photochemical quenching is activated by de-epoxidation of violaxanthin into zeaxanthin. CP29-zeaxanthin in nanodiscs further shortens the Chl lifetime, which underlines the critical role of zeaxanthin in modulating photoprotection activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samim Sardar
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Caferri
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Franco V. A. Camargo
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Javier Pamos Serrano
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Alberto Ghezzi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Capaldi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Luca Dall’Osto
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Roberto Bassi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Cosimo D’Andrea
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Giulio Cerullo
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
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4
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Reinot T, Jassas M, Kell A, Casazza AP, Santabarbara S, Jankowiak R. On wavelength-dependent exciton lifetime distributions in reconstituted CP29 antenna of the photosystem II and its site-directed mutants. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:085101. [PMID: 33639775 DOI: 10.1063/5.0038217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To provide more insight into the excitonic structure and exciton lifetimes of the wild type (WT) CP29 complex of photosystem II, we measured high-resolution (low temperature) absorption, emission, and hole burned spectra for the A2 and B3 mutants, which lack chlorophylls a612 and b614 (Chls), respectively. Experimental and modeling results obtained for the WT CP29 and A2/B3 mutants provide new insight on the mutation-induced changes at the molecular level and shed more light on energy transfer dynamics. Simulations of the A2 and B3 optical spectra, using the second-order non-Markovian theory, and comparison with improved fits of WT CP29 optical spectra provide more insight into their excitonic structure, mutation induced changes, and frequency-dependent distributions of exciton lifetimes (T1). A new Hamiltonian obtained for WT CP29 reveals that deletion of Chls a612 or b614 induces changes in the site energies of all remaining Chls. Hamiltonians obtained for A2 and B3 mutants are discussed in the context of the energy landscape of chlorophylls, excitonic structure, and transfer kinetics. Our data suggest that the lowest exciton states in A2 and B3 mutants are contributed by a611(57%), a610(17%), a615(15%) and a615(58%), a611(20%), a612(15%) Chls, respectively, although other compositions of lowest energy states are also discussed. Finally, we argue that the calculated exciton decay times are consistent with both the hole-burning and recent transient absorption measurements. Wavelength-dependent T1 distributions offer more insight into the interpretation of kinetic traces commonly described by discrete exponentials in global analysis/global fitting of transient absorption experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonu Reinot
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Mahboobe Jassas
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Adam Kell
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Anna Paola Casazza
- Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria, C.N.R., Via Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Santabarbara
- Photosynthesis Research Unit, Centro Studi sulla Biologia Cellulare e Molecolare delle Piante, C.N.R., Milano, Italy
| | - Ryszard Jankowiak
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
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5
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Bag P, Chukhutsina V, Zhang Z, Paul S, Ivanov AG, Shutova T, Croce R, Holzwarth AR, Jansson S. Direct energy transfer from photosystem II to photosystem I confers winter sustainability in Scots Pine. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6388. [PMID: 33319777 PMCID: PMC7738668 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20137-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Evergreen conifers in boreal forests can survive extremely cold (freezing) temperatures during long dark winter and fully recover during summer. A phenomenon called "sustained quenching" putatively provides photoprotection and enables their survival, but its precise molecular and physiological mechanisms are not understood. To unveil them, here we have analyzed seasonal adjustment of the photosynthetic machinery of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) trees by monitoring multi-year changes in weather, chlorophyll fluorescence, chloroplast ultrastructure, and changes in pigment-protein composition. Analysis of Photosystem II and Photosystem I performance parameters indicate that highly dynamic structural and functional seasonal rearrangements of the photosynthetic apparatus occur. Although several mechanisms might contribute to 'sustained quenching' of winter/early spring pine needles, time-resolved fluorescence analysis shows that extreme down-regulation of photosystem II activity along with direct energy transfer from photosystem II to photosystem I play a major role. This mechanism is enabled by extensive thylakoid destacking allowing for the mixing of PSII with PSI complexes. These two linked phenomena play crucial roles in winter acclimation and protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushan Bag
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Volha Chukhutsina
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Zishan Zhang
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong, China
| | - Suman Paul
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander G Ivanov
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Tatyana Shutova
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Roberta Croce
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alfred R Holzwarth
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Stefan Jansson
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
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6
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Khyasudeen MF, Nowakowski PJ, Nguyen HL, Sim JH, Do TN, Tan HS. Studying the spectral diffusion dynamics of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b using two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy. Chem Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2019.110480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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7
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Jassas M, Chen J, Khmelnitskiy A, Casazza AP, Santabarbara S, Jankowiak R. Structure-Based Exciton Hamiltonian and Dynamics for the Reconstituted Wild-type CP29 Protein Antenna Complex of the Photosystem II. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:4611-4624. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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8
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Liguori N, Novoderezhkin V, Roy LM, van Grondelle R, Croce R. Excitation dynamics and structural implication of the stress-related complex LHCSR3 from the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2016; 1857:1514-1523. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.04.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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9
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Butkus V, Gelzinis A, Augulis R, Gall A, Büchel C, Robert B, Zigmantas D, Valkunas L, Abramavicius D. Coherence and population dynamics of chlorophyll excitations in FCP complex: Two-dimensional spectroscopy study. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:212414. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4914098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vytautas Butkus
- Department of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio Ave. 9-III, 10222 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Savanoriu Ave. 231, 02300 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Andrius Gelzinis
- Department of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio Ave. 9-III, 10222 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Savanoriu Ave. 231, 02300 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ramūnas Augulis
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Savanoriu Ave. 231, 02300 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Andrew Gall
- Institut de Biologie et Technologies de Saclay, Bât 532, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Claudia Büchel
- Institut für Molekulare Biowissenschaften, Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Bruno Robert
- Institut de Biologie et Technologies de Saclay, Bât 532, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Donatas Zigmantas
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Leonas Valkunas
- Department of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio Ave. 9-III, 10222 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Savanoriu Ave. 231, 02300 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Darius Abramavicius
- Department of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio Ave. 9-III, 10222 Vilnius, Lithuania
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10
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Schlau-Cohen GS, Yang HY, Krüger TPJ, Xu P, Gwizdala M, van Grondelle R, Croce R, Moerner WE. Single-Molecule Identification of Quenched and Unquenched States of LHCII. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:860-7. [PMID: 26262664 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In photosynthetic light harvesting, absorbed sunlight is converted to electron flow with near-unity quantum efficiency under low light conditions. Under high light conditions, plants avoid damage to their molecular machinery by activating a set of photoprotective mechanisms to harmlessly dissipate excess energy as heat. To investigate these mechanisms, we study the primary antenna complex in green plants, light-harvesting complex II (LHCII), at the single-complex level. We use a single-molecule technique, the Anti-Brownian Electrokinetic trap, which enables simultaneous measurements of fluorescence intensity, lifetime, and spectra in solution. With this approach, including the first measurements of fluorescence lifetime on single LHCII complexes, we access the intrinsic conformational dynamics. In addition to an unquenched state, we identify two partially quenched states of LHCII. Our results suggest that there are at least two distinct quenching sites with different molecular compositions, meaning multiple dissipative pathways in LHCII. Furthermore, one of the quenched conformations significantly increases in relative population under environmental conditions mimicking high light.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hsiang-Yu Yang
- †Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Tjaart P J Krüger
- ‡Department of Physics, University of Pretoria, Private bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Pengqi Xu
- §Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam and LaserLab Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michal Gwizdala
- §Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam and LaserLab Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rienk van Grondelle
- §Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam and LaserLab Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roberta Croce
- §Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam and LaserLab Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - W E Moerner
- †Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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11
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Müh F, Lindorfer D, Schmidt am Busch M, Renger T. Towards a structure-based exciton Hamiltonian for the CP29 antenna of photosystem II. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:11848-63. [PMID: 24603694 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp55166k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
The exciton Hamiltonian pertaining to the first excited states of chlorophyll (Chl) a and b pigments in the minor light-harvesting complex CP29 of plant photosystem II is determined based on the recent crystal structure at 2.8 Å resolution applying a combined quantum chemical/electrostatic approach as used earlier for the major light-harvesting complex LHCII. Two electrostatic methods for the calculation of the local transition energies (site energies), referred to as the Poisson-Boltzmann/quantum chemical (PBQC) and charge density coupling (CDC) method, which differ in the way the polarizable environment of the pigments is described, are compared and found to yield comparable results, when tested against fits of measured optical spectra (linear absorption, linear dichroism, circular dichroism, and fluorescence). The crystal structure shows a Chl a/b ratio of 2.25, whereas a ratio between 2.25 and 3.0 can be estimated from the simulation of experimental spectra. Thus, it is possible that up to one Chl b is lost in CP29 samples. The lowest site energy is found to be located at Chl a604 close to neoxanthin. This assignment is confirmed by the simulation of wild-type-minus-mutant difference spectra of reconstituted CP29, where a tyrosine residue next to Chl a604 is modified in the mutant. Nonetheless, the terminal emitter domain (TED), i.e. the pigments contributing mostly to the lowest exciton state, is found at the Chl a611-a612-a615 trimer due to strong excitonic coupling between these pigments, with the largest contributions from Chls a611 and a612. A major difference between CP29 and LHCII is that Chl a610 is not the energy sink in CP29, which is presumably to a large extent due to the replacement of a lysine residue with alanine close to the TED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Müh
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Str. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria.
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12
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Murchie EH, Harbinson J. Non-Photochemical Fluorescence Quenching Across Scales: From Chloroplasts to Plants to Communities. ADVANCES IN PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND RESPIRATION 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-9032-1_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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13
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van Amerongen H, Croce R. Light harvesting in photosystem II. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2013; 116:251-63. [PMID: 23595278 PMCID: PMC3824292 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-013-9824-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Water oxidation in photosynthesis takes place in photosystem II (PSII). This photosystem is built around a reaction center (RC) where sunlight-induced charge separation occurs. This RC consists of various polypeptides that bind only a few chromophores or pigments, next to several other cofactors. It can handle far more photons than the ones absorbed by its own pigments and therefore, additional excitations are provided by the surrounding light-harvesting complexes or antennae. The RC is located in the PSII core that also contains the inner light-harvesting complexes CP43 and CP47, harboring 13 and 16 chlorophyll pigments, respectively. The core is surrounded by outer light-harvesting complexes (Lhcs), together forming the so-called supercomplexes, at least in plants. These PSII supercomplexes are complemented by some "extra" Lhcs, but their exact location in the thylakoid membrane is unknown. The whole system consists of many subunits and appears to be modular, i.e., both its composition and organization depend on environmental conditions, especially on the quality and intensity of the light. In this review, we will provide a short overview of the relation between the structure and organization of pigment-protein complexes in PSII, ranging from individual complexes to entire membranes and experimental and theoretical results on excitation energy transfer and charge separation. It will become clear that time-resolved fluorescence data can provide invaluable information about the organization and functioning of thylakoid membranes. At the end, an overview will be given of unanswered questions that should be addressed in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert van Amerongen
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, P. O. Box 8128, 6700 ET, Wageningen, The Netherlands,
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14
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Feng X, Pan X, Li M, Pieper J, Chang W, Jankowiak R. Spectroscopic Study of the Light-Harvesting CP29 Antenna Complex of Photosystem II—Part I. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:6585-92. [DOI: 10.1021/jp4004328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ximao Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United
States
| | - Xiaowei Pan
- National Laboratory
of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Li
- National Laboratory
of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jörg Pieper
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Wenrui Chang
- National Laboratory
of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ryszard Jankowiak
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United
States
- Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk,
Poland
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15
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Işeri Eİ, Albayrak D, Gülen D. Electronic Excited States of the CP29 Antenna Complex of Green Plants: A Model Based on Exciton Calculations. J Biol Phys 2013; 26:321-39. [PMID: 23345730 DOI: 10.1023/a:1010352731838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We have suggested a model for the electronic excited states of the minorplant antenna, CP29, by incorporating a considerable part of the currentinformation offered by structure determination, site-directed mutagenesis,and spectroscopy in the modeling.We have assumed that the electronic excited states of the complex havebeen decided by the chlorophyll-chlorophyll (Chl) and Chl-proteininteractions and have modeled the Coulombic interaction between a pairof Chls in the point-dipole approximation and the Chl-protein interactionsare treated as empirical fit parameters.We have suggested the Q(y) dipole moment orientations and the siteenergies for all the chlorophylls in the complex through a simultaneoussimulation of the absorption and linear dichroism spectra.The assignments proposed have been discussed to yield a satisfactoryreproduction of all prominent features of the absorption, linear and circulardichroism spectra as well as the key spectral and temporal characteristics ofthe energy transfer processes among the chlorophylls.The orientations and the spectral assignments obtained by relatively simpleexciton calculations have been necessary to provide a good point ofdeparture for more detailed treatments of structure-function relationship inCP29. Moreover, it has been discussed that the CP29 model suggested canguide the studies for a better understanding of the structure-functionrelationship in the major plant antenna, LHCII.
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Affiliation(s)
- E İ Işeri
- Physics Department, Middle East Technical University, 06531 Ankara, Turkey
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Marin A, van Stokkum IH, Novoderezhkin VI, van Grondelle R. Excitation-induced polarization decay in the plant light-harvesting complex LHCII. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2011.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Croce R, van Amerongen H. Light-harvesting and structural organization of Photosystem II: From individual complexes to thylakoid membrane. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2011; 104:142-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2011.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2011] [Revised: 02/16/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Marin A, Passarini F, Croce R, van Grondelle R. Energy transfer pathways in the CP24 and CP26 antenna complexes of higher plant photosystem II: a comparative study. Biophys J 2011; 99:4056-65. [PMID: 21156149 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2010.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2010] [Revised: 10/11/2010] [Accepted: 10/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Antenna complexes are key components of plant photosynthesis, the process that converts sunlight, CO2, and water into oxygen and sugars. We report the first (to our knowledge) femtosecond transient absorption study on the light-harvesting pigment-protein complexes CP26 (Lhcb5) and CP24 (Lhcb6) of Photosystem II. The complexes are excited at three different wavelengths in the chlorophyll (Chl) Qy region. Both complexes show a single subpicosecond Chl b to Chl a transfer process. In addition, a reduction in the population of the intermediate states (in the 660-670 nm range) as compared to light-harvesting complex II is correlated in CP26 to the absence of both Chls a604 and b605. However, Chl forms around 670 nm are still present in the Chl a Qy range, which undergoes relaxation with slow rates (10-15 ps). This reduction in intermediate-state amplitude CP24 shows a distinctive narrow band at 670 nm connected with Chls b and decaying to the low-energy Chl a states in 3-5 ps. This 670 nm band, which is fully populated in 0.6 ps together with the Chl a low-energy states, is proposed to originate from Chl 602 or 603. In this study, we monitored the energy flow within two minor complexes, and our results may help elucidate these structures in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Marin
- Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Structural insights into energy regulation of light-harvesting complex CP29 from spinach. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2011; 18:309-15. [PMID: 21297637 DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
CP29, one of the minor light-harvesting complexes of higher-plant photosystem II, absorbs and transfers solar energy for photosynthesis and also has important roles in photoprotection. We have solved the crystal structure of spinach CP29 at 2.80-Å resolution. Each CP29 monomer contains 13 chlorophyll and 3 carotenoid molecules, which differs considerably from the major light-harvesting complex LHCII and the previously proposed CP29 model. The 13 chlorophyll-binding sites are assigned as eight chlorophyll a sites, four chlorophyll b and one putative mixed site occupied by both chlorophylls a and b. Based on the present X-ray structure, an integrated pigment network in CP29 is constructed. Two special clusters of pigment molecules, namely a615-a611-a612-Lut and Vio(Zea)-a603-a609, have been identified and might function as potential energy-quenching centers and as the exit or entrance in energy-transfer pathways.
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Bonente G, Ballottari M, Truong TB, Morosinotto T, Ahn TK, Fleming GR, Niyogi KK, Bassi R. Analysis of LhcSR3, a protein essential for feedback de-excitation in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. PLoS Biol 2011; 9:e1000577. [PMID: 21267060 PMCID: PMC3022525 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1000577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In photosynthetic organisms, feedback dissipation of excess absorbed light energy balances harvesting of light with metabolic energy consumption. This mechanism prevents photodamage caused by reactive oxygen species produced by the reaction of chlorophyll (Chl) triplet states with O₂. Plants have been found to perform the heat dissipation in specific proteins, binding Chls and carotenoids (Cars), that belong to the Lhc family, while triggering of the process is performed by the PsbS subunit, needed for lumenal pH detection. PsbS is not found in algae, suggesting important differences in energy-dependent quenching (qE) machinery. Consistent with this suggestion, a different Lhc-like gene product, called LhcSR3 (formerly known as LI818) has been found to be essential for qE in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. In this work, we report the production of two recombinant LhcSR isoforms from C. reinhardtii and their biochemical and spectroscopic characterization. We found the following: (i) LhcSR isoforms are Chl a/b- and xanthophyll-binding proteins, contrary to higher plant PsbS; (ii) the LhcSR3 isoform, accumulating in high light, is a strong quencher of Chl excited states, exhibiting a very fast fluorescence decay, with lifetimes below 100 ps, capable of dissipating excitation energy from neighbor antenna proteins; (iii) the LhcSR3 isoform is highly active in the transient formation of Car radical cation, a species proposed to act as a quencher in the heat dissipation process. Remarkably, the radical cation signal is detected at wavelengths corresponding to the Car lutein, rather than to zeaxanthin, implying that the latter, predominant in plants, is not essential; (iv) LhcSR3 is responsive to low pH, the trigger of non-photochemical quenching, since it binds the non-photochemical quenching inhibitor dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, and increases its energy dissipation properties upon acidification. This is the first report of an isolated Lhc protein constitutively active in energy dissipation in its purified form, opening the way to detailed molecular analysis. Owing to its protonatable residues and constitutive excitation energy dissipation, this protein appears to merge both pH-sensing and energy-quenching functions, accomplished respectively by PsbS and monomeric Lhcb proteins in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bonente
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Thuy B. Truong
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | | | - Tae K. Ahn
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Graham R. Fleming
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Krishna K. Niyogi
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Roberto Bassi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy
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Berghuis BA, Spruijt RB, Koehorst RBM, van Hoek A, Laptenok SP, van Oort B, van Amerongen H. Exploring the structure of the N-terminal domain of CP29 with ultrafast fluorescence spectroscopy. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2009; 39:631-8. [PMID: 19639311 PMCID: PMC2841283 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-009-0519-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2009] [Revised: 06/26/2009] [Accepted: 07/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A high-throughput Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) study was performed on the approximately 100 amino acids long N-terminal domain of the photosynthetic complex CP29 of higher plants. For this purpose, CP29 was singly mutated along its N-terminal domain, replacing one-by-one native amino acids by a cysteine, which was labeled with a BODIPY fluorescent probe, and reconstituted with the natural pigments of CP9, chlorophylls and xanthophylls. Picosecond fluorescence experiments revealed rapid energy transfer (~20–70 ps) from BODIPY at amino-acid positions 4, 22, 33, 40, 56, 65, 74, 90, and 97 to Chl a molecules in the hydrophobic part of the protein. From the energy transfer times, distances were estimated between label and chlorophyll molecules, using the Förster equation. When the label was attached to amino acids 4, 56, and 97, it was found to be located very close to the protein core (~15 Å), whereas labels at positions 15, 22, 33, 40, 65, 74, and 90 were found at somewhat larger distances. It is concluded that the entire N-terminal domain is in close contact with the hydrophobic core and that there is no loop sticking out into the stroma. Most of the results support a recently proposed topological model for the N-terminus of CP29, which was based on electron-spin-resonance measurements on spin-labeled CP29 with and without its natural pigment content. The present results lead to a slight refinement of that model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojk A Berghuis
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, 6700 ET Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Amarie S, Wilk L, Barros T, Kühlbrandt W, Dreuw A, Wachtveitl J. Properties of zeaxanthin and its radical cation bound to the minor light-harvesting complexes CP24, CP26 and CP29. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2009; 1787:747-52. [PMID: 19248759 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2009.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2008] [Revised: 02/12/2009] [Accepted: 02/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) is a fundamental mechanism in photosynthesis by which plants protect themselves against excess excitation energy and which is thus of crucial importance for plant survival and fitness. Recently, carotenoid radical cation (Car(*+)) formation has been discovered to be a key step in the feedback deexcitation quenching component (qE) of NPQ, whose molecular mechanism and location remains elusive. A recent model for qE suggests that the replacement of violaxanthin (Vio) by zeaxanthin (Zea) in photosynthetic pigment binding pockets can in principle result in qE via the so-called "gear-shift" or electron transfer quenching mechanisms. We performed pump-probe measurements on individual antenna complexes of photosystem II (CP24, CP26 and CP29) upon excitation of the chlorophylls (Chl) into their first excited Q(y) state at 660 nm when either Vio or Zea was bound to those complexes. The Chl lifetime was then probed by measuring the decay kinetics of the Chl excited state absorption (ESA) at 900 nm. The charge-transfer quenching mechanism, which is characterized by a spectral signature of the transiently formed Zea radical cation (Zea(*+)) in the near-IR, has also been addressed, both in solution and in light-harvesting complexes of photosystem II (LHC-II). Applying resonant two-photon two-color ionization (R2P2CI) spectroscopy we show here the formation of beta-Car(*+) in solution, which occurs on a femtosecond time-scale by direct electron transfer to the solvent. The beta-Car(*+) maxima strongly depend on the solvent polarity. Moreover, our two-color two-photon spectroscopy on CP29 reveals the spectral position of Zea(*+) in the near-IR region at 980 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergiu Amarie
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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van Oort B, Murali S, Wientjes E, Koehorst RB, Spruijt RB, van Hoek A, Croce R, van Amerongen H. Ultrafast resonance energy transfer from a site-specifically attached fluorescent chromophore reveals the folding of the N-terminal domain of CP29. Chem Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2008.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Cheng YC, Ahn TK, Avenson TJ, Zigmantas D, Niyogi KK, Ballottari M, Bassi R, Fleming GR. Kinetic modeling of charge-transfer quenching in the CP29 minor complex. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:13418-23. [PMID: 18826191 DOI: 10.1021/jp802730c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We performed transient absorption (TA) measurements on CP29 minor light-harvesting complexes that were reconstituted in vitro with either violaxanthin (Vio) or zeaxanthin (Zea) and demonstrate that the Zea-bound CP29 complexes exhibit charge-transfer (CT) quenching that has been correlated with the energy-dependent quenching (qE) in higher plants. Simulations of the difference TA kinetics reveal two-phase kinetics for intracomplex energy transfer to the CT quenching site in CP29 complexes, with a fast <500 fs component and a approximately 6 ps component. Specific chlorophyll sites within CP29 are identified as likely locations for CT quenching. We also construct a kinetic model for CT quenching during qE in an intact system that incorporates CP29 as a CT trap and show that the model is consistent with previous in vivo measurements on spinach thylakoid membranes. Finally, we compare simulations of CT quenching in thylakoids with those of the individual CP29 complexes and propose that CP29 rather than LHCII is a site of CT quenching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Chung Cheng
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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Broess K, Trinkunas G, van Hoek A, Croce R, van Amerongen H. Determination of the excitation migration time in Photosystem II consequences for the membrane organization and charge separation parameters. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2008; 1777:404-9. [PMID: 18355436 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2008.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2007] [Revised: 02/14/2008] [Accepted: 02/15/2008] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The fluorescence decay kinetics of Photosystem II (PSII) membranes from spinach with open reaction centers (RCs), were compared after exciting at 420 and 484 nm. These wavelengths lead to preferential excitation of chlorophyll (Chl) a and Chl b, respectively, which causes different initial excited-state populations in the inner and outer antenna system. The non-exponential fluorescence decay appears to be 4.3+/-1.8 ps slower upon 484 nm excitation for preparations that contain on average 2.45 LHCII (light-harvesting complex II) trimers per reaction center. Using a recently introduced coarse-grained model it can be concluded that the average migration time of an electronic excitation towards the RC contributes approximately 23% to the overall average trapping time. The migration time appears to be approximately two times faster than expected based on previous ultrafast transient absorption and fluorescence measurements. It is concluded that excitation energy transfer in PSII follows specific energy transfer pathways that require an optimized organization of the antenna complexes with respect to each other. Within the context of the coarse-grained model it can be calculated that the rate of primary charge separation of the RC is (5.5+/-0.4 ps)(-1), the rate of secondary charge separation is (137+/-5 ps)(-1) and the drop in free energy upon primary charge separation is 826+/-30 cm(-1). These parameters are in rather good agreement with recently published results on isolated core complexes [Y. Miloslavina, M. Szczepaniak, M.G. Muller, J. Sander, M. Nowaczyk, M. Rögner, A.R. Holzwarth, Charge separation kinetics in intact Photosystem II core particles is trap-limited. A picosecond fluorescence study, Biochemistry 45 (2006) 2436-2442].
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen Broess
- Wageningen University, Laboratory of Biophysics, PO Box 8128, 6700 ET, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Renger T, Holzwarth AR. Theory of Excitation Energy Transfer and Optical Spectra of Photosynthetic Systems. BIOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUES IN PHOTOSYNTHESIS 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-8250-4_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Rätsep M, Pieper J, Irrgang KD, Freiberg A. Excitation Wavelength-Dependent Electron−Phonon and Electron−Vibrational Coupling in the CP29 Antenna Complex of Green Plants. J Phys Chem B 2007; 112:110-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp075170d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Margus Rätsep
- Institute of Physics, and Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 142, 51014 Tartu, Estonia, Max-Volmer-Laboratories for Biophysical Chemistry, Technical University Berlin, PC14, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany, and Department of Life Science and Technology, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Applied Sciences, Forum Seestrasse, Seestrasse 64, 13347 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Pieper
- Institute of Physics, and Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 142, 51014 Tartu, Estonia, Max-Volmer-Laboratories for Biophysical Chemistry, Technical University Berlin, PC14, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany, and Department of Life Science and Technology, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Applied Sciences, Forum Seestrasse, Seestrasse 64, 13347 Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus-Dieter Irrgang
- Institute of Physics, and Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 142, 51014 Tartu, Estonia, Max-Volmer-Laboratories for Biophysical Chemistry, Technical University Berlin, PC14, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany, and Department of Life Science and Technology, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Applied Sciences, Forum Seestrasse, Seestrasse 64, 13347 Berlin, Germany
| | - Arvi Freiberg
- Institute of Physics, and Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 142, 51014 Tartu, Estonia, Max-Volmer-Laboratories for Biophysical Chemistry, Technical University Berlin, PC14, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany, and Department of Life Science and Technology, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Applied Sciences, Forum Seestrasse, Seestrasse 64, 13347 Berlin, Germany
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Pieper J, Irrgang KD, Rätsep M, Voigt J, Renger G, Small GJ. Assignment of the Lowest QY-state and Spectral Dynamics of the CP29 Chlorophyll a/b Antenna Complex of Green Plants: A Hole-burning Study ‡. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2000)0710574aotlqy2.0.co2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Rivadossi A, Zucchelll G, Gariaschi FM, Jennigns RC. Light Absorption by the Chlorophyll a-b Complexes of Photosystem II in a Leaf with Special Reference to LHCII¶. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2004.tb00120.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Leupold D, Teuchner K, Ehlert J, Irrgang KD, Renger G, Lokstein H. Stepwise Two-photon Excited Fluorescence from Higher Excited States of Chlorophylls in Photosynthetic Antenna Complexes. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:25381-7. [PMID: 16799157 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m600080200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Stepwise two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) spectra of the photosynthetic antenna complexes PCP, CP47, CP29, and light-harvesting complex II (LHC II) were measured. TPEF emitted from higher excited states of chlorophyll (Chl) a and b was elicited via consecutive absorption of two photons in the Chl a/b Qy range induced by tunable 100-fs laser pulses. Global analyses of the TPEF line shapes with a model function for monomeric Chl a in a proteinaceous environment allow distinction between contributions from monomeric Chls a and b, strongly excitonically coupled Chls a, and Chl a/b heterodimers/-oligomers. The analyses indicate that the longest wavelength-absorbing Chl species in the Qy region of LHC II is a Chl a homodimer with additional contributions from adjacent Chl b. Likewise, in CP47 a spectral form at approximately 680 nm (that is, however, not the red-most species) is also due to strongly coupled Chls a. In contrast to LHC II, the red-most Chl subband of CP29 is due to a monomeric Chl a. The two Chls b in CP29 exhibit marked differences: a Chl b absorbing at approximately 650 nm is not excitonically coupled to other Chls. Based on this finding, the refractive index of its microenvironment can be determined to be 1.48. The second Chl b in CP29 (absorbing at approximately 640 nm) is strongly coupled to Chl a. Implications of the findings with respect to excitation energy transfer pathways and rates are discussed. Moreover, the results will be related to most recent structural analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Leupold
- Institut für Physik/Photonik, Universität Potsdam, Postfach 601553, D-14415 Potsdam, Germany
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Melkozernov AN, Kargul J, Lin S, Barber J, Blankenship RE. Spectral and kinetic analysis of the energy coupling in the PS I-LHC I supercomplex from the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii at 77 K. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2005; 86:203-15. [PMID: 16172939 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-005-4118-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2004] [Accepted: 03/18/2005] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Energy transfer processes in the chlorophyll antenna of the PS I-LHCI supercomplexes from the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii have been studied at 77 K using transient absorption spectroscopy with multicolor excitation in the 640-670 nm region. Comparison of the kinetic data obtained at low and room temperatures indicates that the slow approximately approximately 100 ps excitation equilibration phase that is characteristic of energy coupling of the LHCI peripheral antenna to the PS I core at physiological temperatures (Melkozernov AN, Kargul J, Lin S, Barber J and Blankenship RE (2004) J Phys Chem B 108: 10547-10555) is not observed in the excitation dynamics of the PS I-LHCI supercomplex at 77 K. This suggests that at low temperatures the peripheral antenna is energetically uncoupled from the PS I core antenna. Under these conditions the observed kinetic phases on the time scales from subpicoseconds to tens of picoseconds represent the superposition of the processes occurring independently in the PS I core antenna and the Chl a/b containing LHCI antenna. In the PS I-LHCI supercomplex with two uncoupled antennas the excitation is channeled to the excitation sinks formed at low temperature by clusters of red pigments. A better spectral resolution of the transient absorption spectra at 77 K results in detection of two DeltaA bands originating from the rise of photobleaching on the picosecond time scale of two clearly distinguished pools of low energy absorbing Chls in the PS I-LHCI supercomplex. The first pool of low energy pigments absorbing at 687 nm is likely to originate from the red pigments in the LHCI where the Lhca1 protein is most abundant. The second pool at 697 nm is suggested to result either from the structural interaction of the LHCI and the PS I core or from other Lhca proteins in the antenna. The kinetic data are discussed based on recent structural models of the PS I-LHCI. It is proposed that the uncoupling of pigment pools may be a control mechanism that regulates energy flow in Photosystem I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N Melkozernov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for the Study of Early Events in Photosynthesis, Tempe, AZ 85287-1604, USA.
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Rivadossi A, Zucchelli G, Garlaschi FM, Jennings RC. Light Absorption by the Chlorophyll a–b Complexes of Photosystem II in a Leaf with Special Reference to LHCII¶. Photochem Photobiol 2004; 80:492-8. [PMID: 15623336 DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2004)080<0492:labtca>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the light-harvesting properties of the Photosystem II chlorophyll (chl) a-b complexes (major light-harvesting complex of Photosystem II [LHCII], CP24, CP26, CP29) in a mature leaf under natural "daylight" illumination, the absorption spectra of the isolated complexes were converted into the photon absorption spectrum (1-T) within a leaf, using the approach of Rivadossi et al. ([1999] Photosynth. Res. 60, 209-215). In the Qy region, significant enhancement of light harvesting by the chl b electronic transitions, with respect to the absorption spectra (optical density [OD]), as well as a large and generalized increase (between two- and four-fold) associated with the vibrational bands of both chl a and b, was observed, which acquires an important light-harvesting role (approximately 30-40% of total). In the Soret region, a small increase in light harvesting by chl b was indicated. To gain more detailed information on these aspects the light harvesting of LHCII in a leaf was investigated. This required describing the pigment absorption (chl a and b, carotenoids) in the LHCII OD spectrum in terms of spectral subbands, which were subsequently used to estimate the relative light harvesting of each pigment type in LHCII of a leaf. When the entire visible spectral interval between 400 and 730 nm is considered, the chl a light harvesting is essentially unchanged with respect to the absorption spectrum (OD) of isolated LHCII, whereas the chl b contribution is 20% higher and the carotenoids are 33% lower. The relative enhancement of the chl b absorption is principally associated with the Qy electronic transition region, the light-harvesting contribution of which becomes prominent in the leaf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rivadossi
- Istituto di Biofisica del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Sezione di Milano, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
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Croce R, Müller MG, Caffarri S, Bassi R, Holzwarth AR. Energy transfer pathways in the minor antenna complex CP29 of photosystem II: a femtosecond study of carotenoid to chlorophyll transfer on mutant and WT complexes. Biophys J 2003; 84:2517-32. [PMID: 12668460 PMCID: PMC1302818 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(03)75057-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The energy transfer processes between carotenoids and Chls have been studied by femtosecond transient absorption in the CP29-WT complex, which contains only two carotenoids per polypeptide located in the L1 and L2 sites, and in the CP29-E166V mutant in which only the L1 site is occupied. The comparison of these two samples allowed us to discriminate between the energy transfer pathways from the two carotenoid binding sites and thus to obtain detailed information on the Chl organization in CP29 and to assign the acceptor chlorophylls. For both samples, the main transfer occurs from the S(2) state of the carotenoid. In the case of the L1 site the energy acceptor is the Chl a 680 nm (A2), whereas the Chl a 675 nm (A4-A5) and the Chl b 652 nm (B6) are the acceptors from the xanthophyll in the L2 site. These transfers occur with lifetimes of 80-130 fs. Two additional transfers are observed with 700-fs and 8- to 20-ps lifetimes. Both these transfers originate from the carotenoid S(1) states. The faster lifetime is due to energy transfer from a vibrationally unrelaxed S(1) state, whereas the 8- to 20-ps component is due to a transfer from the S(1,0) state of violaxanthin and/or neoxanthin located in site L2. A comparison between the carotenoid to Chl energy transfer pathways in CP29 and LHCII is presented and differences in the structural organization in the two complexes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Croce
- Max-Planck-Institut für Strahlenchemie, Mülheim ad Ruhr, D-45470, Germany
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Croce R, Müller MG, Bassi R, Holzwarth AR. Chlorophyll b to chlorophyll a energy transfer kinetics in the CP29 antenna complex: a comparative femtosecond absorption study between native and reconstituted proteins. Biophys J 2003; 84:2508-16. [PMID: 12668459 PMCID: PMC1302817 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(03)75056-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The energy transfer processes between Chls b and Chls a have been studied in the minor antenna complex CP29 by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. Two samples were analyzed: the native CP29, purified from higher plants, and the recombinant one, reconstituted in vitro with the full pigment complement. The measurements indicate that the transfer kinetics in the two samples are virtually identical, confirming that the reconstituted CP29 has the same spectroscopic properties as the native one. In particular, three lifetimes (150 fs, 1.2 ps, and 5-6 ps) were identified for Chl b-652 nm to Chl a energy transfer and at least one for Chl b-640 nm (600-800 fs). Considering that the complexes bind two Chls b per polypeptide, the observation of more than two lifetimes for the Chl b to Chl a energy transfer, in both samples, clearly indicates the presence of the so-called mixed Chl binding sites--sites which are not selective for Chl a or Chl b, but can accommodate either species. The kinetic components and spectra are assigned to specific Chl binding sites in the complex, which provides further information on the structural organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Croce
- Max-Planck-Institut für Strahlenchemie, Mülheim ad Ruhr, D-45470, Germany.
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35
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Novoderezhkin V, Salverda JM, van Amerongen H, van Grondelle R. Exciton Modeling of Energy-Transfer Dynamics in the LHCII Complex of Higher Plants: A Redfield Theory Approach. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp027003d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Novoderezhkin
- A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119992, Moscow, Russia, and Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jante M. Salverda
- A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119992, Moscow, Russia, and Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Herbert van Amerongen
- A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119992, Moscow, Russia, and Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rienk van Grondelle
- A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119992, Moscow, Russia, and Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Salverda JM, Vengris M, Krueger BP, Scholes GD, Czarnoleski AR, Novoderezhkin V, van Amerongen H, van Grondelle R. Energy transfer in light-harvesting complexes LHCII and CP29 of spinach studied with three pulse echo peak shift and transient grating. Biophys J 2003; 84:450-65. [PMID: 12524298 PMCID: PMC1302626 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(03)74865-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Three pulse echo peak shift and transient grating (TG) measurements on the plant light-harvesting complexes LHCII and CP29 are reported. The LHCII complex is by far the most abundant light-harvesting complex in higher plants and fulfills several important physiological functions such as light-harvesting and photoprotection. Our study is focused on the light-harvesting function of LHCII and the very similar CP29 complex and reveals hitherto unresolved excitation energy transfer processes. All measurements were performed at room temperature using detergent isolated complexes from spinach leaves. Both complexes were excited in their Chl b band at 650 nm and in the blue shoulder of the Chl a band at 670 nm. Exponential fits to the TG and three pulse echo peak shift decay curves were used to estimate the timescales of the observed energy transfer processes. At 650 nm, the TG decay can be described with time constants of 130 fs and 2.2 ps for CP29, and 300 fs and 2.8 ps for LHCII. At 670 nm, the TG shows decay components of 230 fs and 6 ps for LHCII, and 300 fs and 5 ps for CP29. These time constants correspond to well-known energy transfer processes, from Chl b to Chl a for the 650 nm TG and from blue (670 nm) Chl a to red (680 nm) Chl a for the 670 nm TG. The peak shift decay times are entirely different. At 650 nm we find times of 150 fs and 0.5-1 ps for LHCII, and 360 fs and 3 ps for CP29, which we can associate mainly with Chl b <--> Chl b energy transfer. At 670 nm we find times of 140 fs and 3 ps for LHCII, and 3 ps for CP29, which we can associate with fast (only in LHCII) and slow transfer between relatively blue Chls a or Chl a states. From the occurrence of both fast Chl b <--> Chl b and fast Chl b --> Chl a transfer in CP29, we conclude that at least two mixed binding sites are present in this complex. A detailed comparison of our observed rates with exciton calculations on both CP29 and LHCII provides us with more insight in the location of these mixed sites. Most importantly, for CP29, we find that a Chl b pair must be present in some, but not all, complexes, on sites A(3) and B(3). For LHCII, the observed rates can best be understood if the same pair, A(3) and B(3), is involved in both fast Chl b <--> Chl b and fast Chl a <--> Chl a transfer. Hence, it is likely that mixed sites also occur in the native LHCII complex. Such flexibility in chlorophyll binding would agree with the general flexibility in aggregation form and xanthophyll binding of the LHCII complex and could be of use for optimizing the role of LHCII under specific circumstances, for example under high-light conditions. Our study is the first to provide spectroscopic evidence for mixed binding sites, as well as the first to show their existence in native complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jante M Salverda
- Department of Biophysics and Physics of Complex Systems, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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37
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Trissl HW. Modeling the Excitation Energy Capture in Thylakoid Membranes. PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN ALGAE 2003. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-1038-2_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Melkozernov AN, Schmid VHR, Lin S, Paulsen H, Blankenship RE. Excitation Energy Transfer in the Lhca1 Subunit of LHC I-730 Peripheral Antenna of Photosystem I. J Phys Chem B 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp014271n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N. Melkozernov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for the Study of Early Events in Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, and Institut für Allgemeine Botanik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Volkmar H. R. Schmid
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for the Study of Early Events in Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, and Institut für Allgemeine Botanik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Su Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for the Study of Early Events in Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, and Institut für Allgemeine Botanik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Harald Paulsen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for the Study of Early Events in Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, and Institut für Allgemeine Botanik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Robert E. Blankenship
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for the Study of Early Events in Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, and Institut für Allgemeine Botanik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55099 Mainz, Germany
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40
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Leupold D, Teuchner K, Ehlert J, Irrgang KD, Renger G, Lokstein H. Two-photon excited fluorescence from higher electronic states of chlorophylls in photosynthetic antenna complexes: a new approach to detect strong excitonic chlorophyll a/b coupling. Biophys J 2002; 82:1580-5. [PMID: 11867470 PMCID: PMC1301956 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(02)75509-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Stepwise two-photon excitation of chlorophyll a and b in the higher plant main light-harvesting complex (LHC II) and the minor complex CP29 (as well as in organic solution) with 100-fs pulses in the Q(y) region results in a weak blue fluorescence. The dependence of the spectral shape of the blue fluorescence on excitation wavelength offers a new approach to elucidate the long-standing problem of the origin of spectral "chlorophyll forms" in pigment-protein complexes, in particular the characterization of chlorophyll a/b-heterodimers. As a first result we present evidence for the existence of strong chlorophyll a/b-interactions (excitonically coupled transitions at 650 and 680 nm) in LHC II at ambient temperature. In comparison with LHC II, the experiments with CP29 provide further evidence that the lowest energy chlorophyll a transition (at approximately 680 nm) is not excitonically coupled to chlorophyll b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Leupold
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
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41
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Yatskou MM, Koehorst RBM, van Hoek A, Donker H, Schaafsma TJ, Gobets B, van Stokkum I, van Grondelle R. Spectroscopic Properties of a Self-Assembled Zinc Porphyrin Tetramer II. Time-Resolved Fluorescence Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp010411h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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42
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Gobets B, Kennis JTM, Ihalainen JA, Brazzoli M, Croce R, van Stokkum IHM, Bassi R, Dekker JP, van Amerongen H, Fleming GR, van Grondelle R. Excitation Energy Transfer in Dimeric Light Harvesting Complex I: A Combined Streak-Camera/Fluorescence Upconversion Study. J Phys Chem B 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp011901c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bas Gobets
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - John T. M. Kennis
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Janne A. Ihalainen
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Michela Brazzoli
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Roberta Croce
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Ivo H. M. van Stokkum
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Roberto Bassi
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Jan P. Dekker
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Herbert van Amerongen
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Graham R. Fleming
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Rienk van Grondelle
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
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43
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van Amerongen H, van Grondelle R. Understanding the Energy Transfer Function of LHCII, the Major Light-Harvesting Complex of Green Plants. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0028406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 309] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Herbert van Amerongen
- Faculty of Sciences, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biophysics and Physics of Complex Systems, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rienk van Grondelle
- Faculty of Sciences, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biophysics and Physics of Complex Systems, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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44
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Mukamel S. Multidimensional femtosecond correlation spectroscopies of electronic and vibrational excitations. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2000; 51:691-729. [PMID: 11031297 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.physchem.51.1.691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 545] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Femtosecond visible and infrared analogues of multiple-pulse nuclear magnetic resonance techniques provide novel snapshot probes into the structure and electronic and vibrational dynamics of complex molecular assemblies such as photosynthetic antennae, proteins, and hydrogen-bonded liquids. A classical-oscillator description of these spectroscopies in terms of interacting quasiparticles (rather than transitions among global eigenstates) is developed and sets the stage for designing new pulse sequences and inverting the multidimensional signals to yield molecular structures. Considerable computational advantages and a clear physical insight into the origin of the response and the relevant coherence sizes are provided by a real-space analysis of the underlying coherence-transfer pathways in Liouville space.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mukamel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, PO Box 270216, Rochester, New York 14627-0216, USA.
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45
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Cinque G, Croce R, Holzwarth A, Bassi R. Energy transfer among CP29 chlorophylls: calculated Förster rates and experimental transient absorption at room temperature. Biophys J 2000; 79:1706-17. [PMID: 11023879 PMCID: PMC1301065 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(00)76423-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The energy transfer rates between chlorophylls in the light harvesting complex CP29 of higher plants at room temperature were calculated ab initio according to the Förster mechanism (Förster T. 1948, Ann. Physik. 2:55-67). Recently, the transition moment orientation of CP29 chlorophylls was determined by differential linear dichroism and absorption spectroscopy of wild-type versus mutant proteins in which single chromophores were missing (Simonetto R., Crimi M., Sandonà D., Croce R., Cinque G., Breton J., and Bassi R. 1999. Biochemistry. 38:12974-12983). In this way the Q(y) transition energy and chlorophyll a/b affinity of each binding site was obtained and their characteristics supported by reconstruction of steady-state linear dichroism and absorption spectra at room temperature. In this study, the spectral form of individual chlorophyll a and b ligands within the protein environment was experimentally determined, and their extinction coefficients were also used to evaluate the absolute overlap integral between donors and acceptors employing the Stepanov relation for both the emission spectrum and the Stokes shift. This information was used to calculate the time-dependent excitation redistribution among CP29 chlorophylls on solving numerically the Pauli master equation of the complex: transient absorption measurements in the (sub)picosecond time scale were simulated and compared to pump-and-probe experimental data in the Q(y) region on the native CP29 at room temperature upon selective excitation of chlorophylls b at 640 or 650 nm. The kinetic model indicates a bidirectional excitation transfer over all CP29 chlorophylls a species, which is particularly rapid between the pure sites A1-A2 and A4-A5. Chlorophylls b in mixed sites act mostly as energy donors for chlorophylls a, whereas site B5 shows high and bidirectional coupling independent of the pigment hosted.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cinque
- Dipartimento Scientifico e Tecnologico, Università degli Studi di Verona, Facoltà di Scienze, Strada LeGrazie 15, I-37134 Verona, Italy
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46
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Pascal A, Peterman E, Gradinaru C, van Amerongen H, van Grondelle R, Robert B. Structure and Interactions of the Chlorophyll a Molecules in the Higher Plant Lhcb4 Antenna Protein. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp001504m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andy Pascal
- Section de Biophysique des Protéines et des Membranes, DBCM/CEA & URA 2096/CNRS, CE-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erwin Peterman
- Section de Biophysique des Protéines et des Membranes, DBCM/CEA & URA 2096/CNRS, CE-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Claudiu Gradinaru
- Section de Biophysique des Protéines et des Membranes, DBCM/CEA & URA 2096/CNRS, CE-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Herbert van Amerongen
- Section de Biophysique des Protéines et des Membranes, DBCM/CEA & URA 2096/CNRS, CE-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rienk van Grondelle
- Section de Biophysique des Protéines et des Membranes, DBCM/CEA & URA 2096/CNRS, CE-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bruno Robert
- Section de Biophysique des Protéines et des Membranes, DBCM/CEA & URA 2096/CNRS, CE-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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47
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Gradinaru CC, van Stokkum IHM, Pascal AA, van Grondelle R, van Amerongen H. Identifying the Pathways of Energy Transfer between Carotenoids and Chlorophylls in LHCII and CP29. A Multicolor, Femtosecond Pump−Probe Study. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp001752i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu C. Gradinaru
- Faculty of Sciences, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biophysics and Physics of Complex Systems, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Universitá di Verona, Facoltá di Scienze MM.FF.NN., Biotechnologie Vegetali, Strada Le Grazie, I-37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Ivo H. M. van Stokkum
- Faculty of Sciences, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biophysics and Physics of Complex Systems, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Universitá di Verona, Facoltá di Scienze MM.FF.NN., Biotechnologie Vegetali, Strada Le Grazie, I-37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Andy A. Pascal
- Faculty of Sciences, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biophysics and Physics of Complex Systems, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Universitá di Verona, Facoltá di Scienze MM.FF.NN., Biotechnologie Vegetali, Strada Le Grazie, I-37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Rienk van Grondelle
- Faculty of Sciences, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biophysics and Physics of Complex Systems, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Universitá di Verona, Facoltá di Scienze MM.FF.NN., Biotechnologie Vegetali, Strada Le Grazie, I-37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Herbert van Amerongen
- Faculty of Sciences, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biophysics and Physics of Complex Systems, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Universitá di Verona, Facoltá di Scienze MM.FF.NN., Biotechnologie Vegetali, Strada Le Grazie, I-37134 Verona, Italy
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48
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Pieper J, Irrgang KD, Rätsep M, Voigt J, Renger G, Small GJ. Assignment of the lowest Qy-state and spectral dynamics of the CP29 chlorophyll a/b antenna complex of green plants: a hole-burning study. Photochem Photobiol 2000; 71:574-81. [PMID: 10818788 DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2000)071<0574:aotlqy>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Low-temperature absorption, fluorescence and persistent non-photochemical hole-burned spectra are reported for the CP29 chlorophyll (Chl) a/b antenna complex of photosystem II of green plants. The absorption-origin band of the lowest Qy-state lies at 678.2 nm and carries a width of approximately 130 cm-1 that is dominated by inhomogeneous broadening at low temperatures. Its absorption intensity is equivalent to that of one of the six Chl a molecules of CP29. The absence of a significant satellite hole structure produced by hole burning, within the absorption band of the lowest state, indicates that the associated Chl a molecule is weakly coupled to the other Chl and, therefore, that the lowest-energy state is highly localized on a single Chl a molecule. The electron-phonon coupling of the 678.2 nm state is weak with a Huang-Rhys factor S of 0.5 and a peak phonon frequency (omega m) of approximately 20 cm-1. These values give a Stokes shift (2S omega m) in good agreement with the measured positions of the absorption band at 678.2 nm and a fluorescence-origin band at 679.1 nm. Zero-phonon holes associated with the lowest state have a width of approximately 0.05 cm-1 at 4.2 K, corresponding to a total effective dephasing time of approximately 400 ps. The temperature dependence of the zero-phonon holewidth indicates that this time constant is dominated at temperatures below 8 K by pure dephasing/spectral diffusion due to coupling of the optical transition to the glass-like two-level systems of the protein. Zero-phonon hole-widths obtained for the Chl b bands at 638.5 and 650.0 nm, at 4.2 K, lead to lower limits of 900 +/- 150 fs and 4.2 +/- 0.3 ps, respectively, for the Chl b-->Chl a energy-transfer times. Downward energy transfer from the Chl a state(s) at 665.0 nm occurs in 5.3 +/- 0.6 ps at 4.2 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pieper
- Institute of Physics, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
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49
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Melkozernov AN, Lin S, Schmid VH, Paulsen H, Schmidt GW, Blankenship RE. Ultrafast excitation dynamics of low energy pigments in reconstituted peripheral light-harvesting complexes of photosystem I. FEBS Lett 2000; 471:89-92. [PMID: 10760519 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(00)01370-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ultrafast dynamics of a reconstituted Lhca4 subunit from the peripheral LHCI-730 antenna of photosystem I of higher plants were probed by femtosecond absorption spectroscopy at 77 K. Intramonomeric energy transfer from chlorophyll (Chl) b to Chl a and energy equilibration between Chl a molecules observed on the subpicosecond time scale are largely similar to subpicosecond energy equilibration processes within LHCII monomers. However, a 5 ps equilibration process in Lhca4 involves unique low energy Chls in LHCI absorbing at 705 nm. These pigments localize the excitation both in the Lhca4 subunit and in LHCI-730 heterodimers. An additional 30-50 ps equilibration process involving red pigments of Lhca4 in the heterodimer, observed by transient absorption and picosecond fluorescence spectroscopy, was ascribed to intersubunit energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Melkozernov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for the Study of Early Events in Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1604, USA
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50
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Agarwal R, Krueger BP, Scholes GD, Yang M, Yom J, Mets L, Fleming GR. Ultrafast Energy Transfer in LHC-II Revealed by Three-Pulse Photon Echo Peak Shift Measurements. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9915578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, and Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, 1101 E. 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Brent P. Krueger
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, and Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, 1101 E. 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Gregory D. Scholes
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, and Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, 1101 E. 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Mino Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, and Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, 1101 E. 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Jenny Yom
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, and Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, 1101 E. 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Laurens Mets
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, and Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, 1101 E. 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Graham R. Fleming
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, and Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, 1101 E. 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637
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