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Mandelli AP, Magri G, Tortoli M, Torricelli S, Laera D, Bagnoli F, Finco O, Bensi G, Brazzoli M, Chiarot E. Vaccination with staphylococcal protein A protects mice against systemic complications of skin infection recurrences. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1355764. [PMID: 38529283 PMCID: PMC10961379 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1355764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are the most common diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), which can progress to threatening conditions due to recurrences and systemic complications. Staphylococcal protein A (SpA) is an immunomodulator antigen of S. aureus, which allows bacterial evasion from the immune system by interfering with different types of immune responses to pathogen antigens. Immunization with SpA could potentially unmask the pathogen to the immune system, leading to the production of antibodies that can protect from a second encounter with S. aureus, as it occurs in skin infection recurrences. Here, we describe a study in which mice are immunized with a mutated form of SpA mixed with the Adjuvant System 01 (SpAmut/AS01) before a primary S. aureus skin infection. Although mice are not protected from the infection under these conditions, they are able to mount a broader pathogen-specific functional immune response that results in protection against systemic dissemination of bacteria following an S. aureus second infection (recurrence). We show that this "hidden effect" of SpA can be partially explained by higher functionality of induced anti-SpA antibodies, which promotes better phagocytic activity. Moreover, a broader and stronger humoral response is elicited against several S. aureus antigens that during an infection are masked by SpA activity, which could prevent S. aureus spreading from the skin through the blood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Greta Magri
- Bacterial Vx Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Siena, Italy
| | - Marco Tortoli
- Animal Resource Center, GlaxoSmithKline, Siena, Italy
| | | | | | - Fabio Bagnoli
- Infectious Disease Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, PA, United States
| | - Oretta Finco
- Bacterial Vx Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Siena, Italy
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2
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Tondi S, Siena E, Essaghir A, Bozzetti B, Bechtold V, Scaillet A, Clemente B, Marrocco M, Sammicheli C, Tavarini S, Micoli F, Oldrini D, Pezzicoli A, Di Fede M, Brazzoli M, Ulivieri C, Schiavetti F. Molecular Signature of Monocytes Shaped by the Shigella sonnei 1790-Generalized Modules for Membrane Antigens Vaccine. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1116. [PMID: 38256189 PMCID: PMC10816432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Shigellosis, an acute gastroenteritis infection caused by Shigella species, remains a public health burden in developing countries. Recently, many outbreaks due to Shigella sonnei multidrug-resistant strains have been reported in high-income countries, and the lack of an effective vaccine represents a major hurdle to counteract this bacterial pathogen. Vaccine candidates against Shigella sonnei are under clinical development, including a Generalized Modules for Membrane Antigens (GMMA)-based vaccine. The mechanisms by which GMMA-based vaccines interact and activate human immune cells remain elusive. Our previous study provided the first evidence that both adaptive and innate immune cells are targeted and functionally shaped by the GMMA-based vaccine. Here, flow cytometry and confocal microscopy analysis allowed us to identify monocytes as the main target population interacting with the S. sonnei 1790-GMMA vaccine on human peripheral blood. In addition, transcriptomic analysis of this cell population revealed a molecular signature induced by 1790-GMMA mostly correlated with the inflammatory response and cytokine-induced processes. This also impacts the expression of genes associated with macrophages' differentiation and T cell regulation, suggesting a dual function for this vaccine platform both as an antigen carrier and as a regulator of immune cell activation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Tondi
- Preclinical Research & Development, GSK, 53100 Siena, Italy; (S.T.)
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Emilio Siena
- Preclinical Research & Development, GSK, 53100 Siena, Italy; (S.T.)
| | - Ahmed Essaghir
- Preclinical Research & Development, GSK, 53100 Siena, Italy; (S.T.)
| | - Benoît Bozzetti
- Preclinical Research & Development, GSK, 1330 Rixensart, Belgium
| | - Viviane Bechtold
- Preclinical Research & Development, GSK, 1330 Rixensart, Belgium
| | - Aline Scaillet
- Preclinical Research & Development, GSK, 1330 Rixensart, Belgium
| | - Bruna Clemente
- Preclinical Research & Development, GSK, 53100 Siena, Italy; (S.T.)
| | - Mariateresa Marrocco
- Preclinical Research & Development, GSK, 53100 Siena, Italy; (S.T.)
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | | | - Simona Tavarini
- Preclinical Research & Development, GSK, 53100 Siena, Italy; (S.T.)
| | - Francesca Micoli
- GSK Vaccines Institute for Global Health S.R.L. (GVGH), 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Davide Oldrini
- GSK Vaccines Institute for Global Health S.R.L. (GVGH), 53100 Siena, Italy
| | | | - Martina Di Fede
- Preclinical Research & Development, GSK, 53100 Siena, Italy; (S.T.)
| | - Michela Brazzoli
- Preclinical Research & Development, GSK, 53100 Siena, Italy; (S.T.)
| | - Cristina Ulivieri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
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3
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Clemente B, Denis M, Silveira CP, Schiavetti F, Brazzoli M, Stranges D. Straight to the point: targeted mRNA-delivery to immune cells for improved vaccine design. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1294929. [PMID: 38090568 PMCID: PMC10711611 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1294929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
With the deepening of our understanding of adaptive immunity at the cellular and molecular level, targeting antigens directly to immune cells has proven to be a successful strategy to develop innovative and potent vaccines. Indeed, it offers the potential to increase vaccine potency and/or modulate immune response quality while reducing off-target effects. With mRNA-vaccines establishing themselves as a versatile technology for future applications, in the last years several approaches have been explored to target nanoparticles-enabled mRNA-delivery systems to immune cells, with a focus on dendritic cells. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen presenting cells and key mediators of B- and T-cell immunity, and therefore considered as an ideal target for cell-specific antigen delivery. Indeed, improved potency of DC-targeted vaccines has been proved in vitro and in vivo. This review discusses the potential specific targets for immune system-directed mRNA delivery, as well as the different targeting ligand classes and delivery systems used for this purpose.
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4
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Brazzoli M, Piccioli D, Marchetti F. Challenges in development of vaccines directed toward antimicrobial resistant bacterial species. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2228669. [PMID: 37449650 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2228669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is considered by WHO one of the top ten public health threats. New control strategies involving concerted actions of both public and private sectors need to be developed. Vaccines play a major role in controlling the spread of AMR pathogens by decreasing transmission and limiting the use of antibiotics, reducing at the end the selective pressure for the emergence of new resistant strains. In this review, by using as example some of the most serious AMR pathogens, we highlighted the major hurdles from a research and development point of view. New approaches to better understand the immunological mechanisms of response to both natural infections and vaccines that aimed to identify correlates of protection, together with the application of new technologies for vaccine design and delivery are discussed as potential solutions.
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Siena E, Schiavetti F, Borgogni E, Taccone M, Faenzi E, Brazzoli M, Aprea S, Bardelli M, Volpini G, Buricchi F, Sammicheli C, Tavarini S, Bechtold V, Blohmke CJ, Cardamone D, De Intinis C, Gonzalez-Lopez A, O'Hagan DT, Nuti S, Seidl C, Didierlaurent AM, Bertholet S, D'Oro U, Medini D, Finco O. Systems analysis of human responses to an aluminium hydroxide-adsorbed TLR7 agonist (AS37) adjuvanted vaccine reveals a dose-dependent and specific activation of the interferon-mediated antiviral response. Vaccine 2023; 41:724-734. [PMID: 36564274 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The candidate Adjuvant System AS37 contains a synthetic toll-like receptor agonist (TLR7a) adsorbed to alum. In a phase I study (NCT02639351), healthy adults were randomised to receive one dose of licensed alum-adjuvanted meningococcal serogroup C (MenC-CRM197) conjugate vaccine (control) or MenC-CRM197 conjugate vaccine adjuvanted with AS37 (TLR7a dose 12.5, 25, 50 or 100 µg). A subset of 66 participants consented to characterisation of peripheral whole blood transcriptomic responses, systemic cytokine/chemokine responses and multiple myeloid and lymphoid cell responses as exploratory study endpoints. Blood samples were collected pre-vaccination, 6 and 24 h post-vaccination, and 3, 7, 28 and 180 days post-vaccination. The gene expression profile in whole blood showed an early, AS37-specific transcriptome response that peaked at 24 h, increased with TLR7a dose up to 50 µg and generally resolved within one week. Five clusters of differentially expressed genes were identified, including those involved in the interferon-mediated antiviral response. Evaluation of 30 cytokines/chemokines by multiplex assay showed an increased level of interferon-induced chemokine CXCL10 (IP-10) at 24 h and 3 days post-vaccination in the AS37-adjuvanted vaccine groups. Increases in activated plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) and intermediate monocytes were detected 3 days post-vaccination in the AS37-adjuvanted vaccine groups. T follicular helper (Tfh) cells increased 7 days post-vaccination and were maintained at 28 days post-vaccination, particularly in the AS37-adjuvanted vaccine groups. Moreover, most of the subjects that received vaccine containing 25, 50 and 100 µg TLR7a showed an increased MenC-specific memory B cell responses versus baseline. These data show that the adsorption of TLR7a to alum promotes an immune signature consistent with TLR7 engagement, with up-regulation of interferon-inducible genes, cytokines and frequency of activated pDC, intermediate monocytes, MenC-specific memory B cells and Tfh cells. TLR7a 25-50 µg can be considered the optimal dose for AS37, particularly for the adjuvanted MenC-CRM197 conjugate vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carlo De Intinis
- GSK, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy; University of Turin, Via Verdi 8, 10124 Torino, Italy.
| | | | | | - Sandra Nuti
- GSK, 14200 Shady Grove Rd, Rockville MD, USA.
| | | | | | | | - Ugo D'Oro
- GSK, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy.
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Tondi S, Clemente B, Esposito C, Sammicheli C, Tavarini S, Martin LB, Rossi O, Micoli F, Bartolini E, Brazzoli M, Ulivieri C, Blohmke CJ, Schiavetti F. Dissecting in Vitro the Activation of Human Immune Response Induced by Shigella sonnei GMMA. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:767153. [PMID: 35186786 PMCID: PMC8851470 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.767153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Generalized Modules for Membrane Antigens (GMMA) are outer membrane exosomes purified from Gram-negative bacteria genetically mutated to increase blebbing and reduce risk of reactogenicity. This is commonly achieved through modification of the lipid A portion of lipopolysaccharide. GMMA faithfully resemble the bacterial outer membrane surface, and therefore represent a powerful and flexible platform for vaccine development. Although GMMA-based vaccines have been demonstrated to induce a strong and functional antibody response in animals and humans maintaining an acceptable reactogenicity profile, the overall impact on immune cells and their mode of action are still poorly understood. To characterize the GMMA-induced immune response, we stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) with GMMA from Shigella sonnei. We studied GMMA both with wild-type hexa-acylated lipid A and with the corresponding less reactogenic penta-acylated form. Using multicolor flow cytometry, we assessed the activation of immune cell subsets and we profiled intracellular cytokine production after GMMA stimulation. Moreover, we measured the secretion of thirty cytokines/chemokines in the cell culture supernatants. Our data indicated activation of monocytes, dendritic, NK, B, and γδ T cells. Comparison of the cytokine responses showed that, although the two GMMA have qualitatively similar profiles, GMMA with modified penta-acylated lipid A induced a lower production of pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines compared to GMMA with wild-type lipid A. Intracellular cytokine staining indicated monocytes and dendritic cells as the main source of the cytokines produced. Overall, these data provide new insights into the activation of key immune cells potentially targeted by GMMA-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Tondi
- GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Preclinical Evidence Generation (PEG), Siena, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Bruna Clemente
- GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Preclinical Evidence Generation (PEG), Siena, Italy
| | - Carmen Esposito
- GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Preclinical Evidence Generation (PEG), Siena, Italy
| | - Chiara Sammicheli
- GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Preclinical Evidence Generation (PEG), Siena, Italy
| | - Simona Tavarini
- GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Preclinical Evidence Generation (PEG), Siena, Italy
| | - Laura B. Martin
- GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) Vaccines Institute for Global Health S.R.L. (GVGH), Siena, Italy
| | - Omar Rossi
- GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) Vaccines Institute for Global Health S.R.L. (GVGH), Siena, Italy
| | - Francesca Micoli
- GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) Vaccines Institute for Global Health S.R.L. (GVGH), Siena, Italy
| | - Erika Bartolini
- GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Preclinical Evidence Generation (PEG), Siena, Italy
| | - Michela Brazzoli
- GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Preclinical Evidence Generation (PEG), Siena, Italy
| | | | - Christoph J. Blohmke
- GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning (AIML), London, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Schiavetti
- GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Preclinical Evidence Generation (PEG), Siena, Italy
- *Correspondence: Francesca Schiavetti,
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7
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Anderluzzi G, Lou G, Woods S, Schmidt ST, Gallorini S, Brazzoli M, Johnson R, Roberts CW, O'Hagan DT, Baudner BC, Perrie Y. The role of nanoparticle format and route of administration on self-amplifying mRNA vaccine potency. J Control Release 2022; 342:388-399. [PMID: 34896446 PMCID: PMC8660137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of RNA-based vaccines has been recently demonstrated, leading to the use of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines. The application of self-amplifying mRNA within these formulations may offer further enhancement to these vaccines, as self-amplifying mRNA replicons enable longer expression kinetics and more potent immune responses compared to non-amplifying mRNAs. To investigate the impact of administration route on RNA-vaccine potency, we investigated the immunogenicity of a self-amplifying mRNA encoding the rabies virus glycoprotein encapsulated in different nanoparticle platforms (solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) and lipid nanoparticles (LNPs)). These were administered via three different routes: intramuscular, intradermal and intranasal. Our studies in a mouse model show that the immunogenicity of our 4 different saRNA vaccine formulations after intramuscular or intradermal administration was initially comparable; however, ionizable LNPs gave higher long-term IgG responses. The clearance of all 4 of the nanoparticle formulations from the intramuscular or intradermal administration site was similar. In contrast, immune responses generated after intranasal was low and coupled with rapid clearance for the administration site, irrespective of the formulation. These results demonstrate that both the administration route and delivery system format dictate self-amplifying RNA vaccine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Anderluzzi
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral St., Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland, UK; GSK, Siena, Italy
| | - Gustavo Lou
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral St., Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland, UK; GSK, Siena, Italy
| | - Stuart Woods
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral St., Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland, UK
| | - Signe Tandrup Schmidt
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral St., Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland, UK; Department of Infectious Disease Immunology, Center for Vaccine Research, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Craig W Roberts
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral St., Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland, UK
| | | | | | - Yvonne Perrie
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral St., Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland, UK.
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Lou G, Anderluzzi G, Schmidt ST, Woods S, Gallorini S, Brazzoli M, Giusti F, Ferlenghi I, Johnson RN, Roberts CW, O'Hagan DT, Baudner BC, Perrie Y. Delivery of self-amplifying mRNA vaccines by cationic lipid nanoparticles: The impact of cationic lipid selection. J Control Release 2020; 325:370-379. [PMID: 32619745 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Self-amplifying RNA (SAM) represents a versatile tool that can be used to develop potent vaccines, potentially able to elicit strong antigen-specific humoral and cellular-mediated immune responses to virtually any infectious disease. To protect the SAM from degradation and achieve efficient delivery, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), particularly those based on ionizable amino-lipids, are commonly adopted. Herein, we compared commonly available cationic lipids, which have been broadly used in clinical investigations, as an alternative to ionizable lipids. To this end, a SAM vaccine encoding the rabies virus glycoprotein (RVG) was used. The cationic lipids investigated included 3ß-[N-(N',N'-dimethylaminoethane)-carbamoyl]cholesterol (DC-Chol), dimethyldioctadecylammonium (DDA), 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP), 1,2-dimyristoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DMTAP), 1,2-stearoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DSTAP) and N-(4-carboxybenzyl)-N,N-dimethyl-2,3-bis(oleoyloxy)propan-1-aminium (DOBAQ). Whilst all cationic LNP (cLNP) formulations promoted high association with cells in vitro, those formulations containing the fusogenic lipid 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) in combination with DOTAP or DDA were the most efficient at inducing antigen expression. Therefore, DOTAP and DDA formulations were selected for further in vivo studies and were compared to benchmark ionizable LNPs (iLNPs). Biodistribution studies revealed that DDA-cLNPs remained longer at the injection site compared to DOTAP-cLNPs and iLNPs when administered intramuscularly in mice. Both the cLNP formulations and the iLNPs induced strong humoral and cellular-mediated immune responses in mice that were not significantly different at a 1.5 µg SAM dose. In summary, cLNPs based on DOTAP and DDA are an efficient alternative to iLNPs to deliver SAM vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Lou
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral St., G4 0RE Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom; GSK, Siena, Italy
| | - Giulia Anderluzzi
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral St., G4 0RE Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom; GSK, Siena, Italy
| | - Signe Tandrup Schmidt
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral St., G4 0RE Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom; Department of Infectious Disease Immunology, Center for Vaccine Research, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - Stuart Woods
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral St., G4 0RE Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Craig W Roberts
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral St., G4 0RE Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Yvonne Perrie
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral St., G4 0RE Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
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9
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Goswami R, Chatzikleanthous D, Lou G, Giusti F, Bonci A, Taccone M, Brazzoli M, Gallorini S, Ferlenghi I, Berti F, O’Hagan DT, Pergola C, Baudner BC, Adamo R. Mannosylation of LNP Results in Improved Potency for Self-Amplifying RNA (SAM) Vaccines. ACS Infect Dis 2019; 5:1546-1558. [PMID: 31290323 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Mannosylation of Lipid Nanoparticles (LNP) can potentially enhance uptake by Antigen Presenting Cells, which are highly abundant in dermal tissues, to improve the potency of Self Amplifying mRNA (SAM) vaccines in comparison to the established unmodified LNP delivery system. In the current studies, we evaluated mannosylated LNP (MLNP), which were obtained by incorporation of a stable Mannose-cholesterol amine conjugate, for the delivery of an influenza (hemagglutinin) encoded SAM vaccine in mice, by both intramuscular and intradermal routes of administration. SAM MLNP exhibited in vitro enhanced uptake in comparison to unglycosylated LNP from bone marrow-derived dendritic cells, and in vivo more rapid onset of the antibody response, independent of the route. The increased binding antibody levels also translated into higher functional hemagglutinin inhibition titers, particularly following intradermal administration. T cell assay on splenocytes from immunized mice also showed an increase in antigen specific CD8+ T responses, following intradermal administration of MLNP SAM vaccines. Induction of enhanced antigen specific CD4+ T cells, correlating with higher IgG2a antibody responses, was also observed. Hence, the present work illustrates the benefit of mannosylation of LNPs to achieve a faster immune response with SAM vaccines and these observations could contribute to the development of novel skin delivery systems for SAM vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Derek T. O’Hagan
- GSK, 14200 Shady Grove Road, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
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10
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Manara C, Brazzoli M, Piccioli D, Taccone M, D'Oro U, Maione D, Frigimelica E. Co-administration of GM-CSF expressing RNA is a powerful tool to enhance potency of SAM-based vaccines. Vaccine 2019; 37:4204-4213. [PMID: 31227353 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Self-amplifying mRNAs (SAM)-based vaccines have been shown to induce a robust immune response in various animal species against both viral and bacterial pathogens. Due to their synthetic nature and to the versatility of the manufacturing process, SAM technology may represent an attractive solution for rapidly producing novel vaccines, which is particularly critical in case of pandemic infections or diseases mediated by newly emerging pathogens. Recent published data support the hypothesis that Antigen Presenting Cells (APCs) are responsible for CD8+ T-cell priming after SAM vaccination, suggesting cross-priming as the key mechanism for antigen presentation by SAM vaccines. In our study we investigated the possibility to enhance the immune response induced in mice by a single immunization with SAM by increasing the recruitment of APCs at the site of injection. To enhance SAM immunogenicity, we selected murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as a model chemoattractant for APCs, and developed a SAM-GM-CSF vector. We evaluated whether the use of SAM-GM-CSF in combination with a SAM construct encoding the Influenza A virus nucleoprotein (NP) would lead to an increase of APC recruitment and NP-specific immune response. We indeed observed that the administration of SAM-GM-CSF enhances the recruitment of APCs at the injection site. Consistently with our hypothesis, co-administration of SAM-GM-CSF with SAM-NP significantly improved the magnitude of NP-specific CD8+ T-cell response both in terms of frequency of cytotoxic antigen-specific CD8+ T-cells and their functional activity in vivo. Furthermore, co-immunization with SAM-GM-CSF and SAM-NP provided an increase in protection against a lethal challenge with influenza virus. In conclusion, we demonstrated that increased recruitment of APCs at the site of injection is associated with an enhanced effectiveness of SAM vaccination and might be a powerful tool to potentiate the efficacy of RNA vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Diego Piccioli
- GSK Vaccines S.r.l., Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | | | - Ugo D'Oro
- GSK Vaccines S.r.l., Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
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11
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Zurli V, Gallotta M, Taccone M, Chiarot E, Brazzoli M, Corrente F, Bonci A, Casini D, De Gregorio E, Baudner BC, Bertholet S, Seubert A. Positive Contribution of Adjuvanted Influenza Vaccines to the Resolution of Bacterial Superinfections. J Infect Dis 2016; 213:1876-85. [PMID: 26908732 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiw048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most preclinical studies assess vaccine effectiveness in single-pathogen infection models. This is unrealistic given that humans are continuously exposed to different commensals and pathogens in sequential and mixed infections. Accordingly, complications from secondary bacterial infection are a leading cause of influenza-associated morbidity and mortality. New vaccination strategies are needed to control infections on simultaneous fronts. METHODS We compared different anti-influenza vaccines for their protective potential in a model of viral infection with bacterial superinfection. Mice were immunized with H1N1/A/California/7/2009 subunit vaccines, formulated with different adjuvants inducing either T-helper type 1 (Th1) (MF59 plus CpG)-, Th1/2 (MF59)-, or Th17 (LTK63)-prone immune responses and were sequentially challenged with mouse-adapted influenza virus H1N1/A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 and Staphylococcus aureus USA300, a clonotype emerging as a leading contributor in postinfluenza pneumonia in humans. RESULTS Unadjuvanted vaccine controlled single viral infection, yet mice had considerable morbidity from viral disease and bacterial superinfection. In contrast, all adjuvanted vaccines efficiently protected mice in both conditions. Interestingly, the Th1-inducing formulation was superior to Th1/2 or Th17 inducers. CONCLUSIONS Our studies should help us better understand how differential immunity to influenza skews immune responses toward coinfecting bacteria and discover novel modes to prevent bacterial superinfections in the lungs of persons with influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Zurli
- GSK Vaccines S.r.l., Vaccines Research Center, Siena Department of Biology, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Marilena Gallotta
- GSK Vaccines S.r.l., Vaccines Research Center, Siena Dynavax Technologies, Berkeley, California
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Anja Seubert
- GSK Vaccines S.r.l., Vaccines Research Center, Siena
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12
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Brazzoli M, Magini D, Bonci A, Buccato S, Giovani C, Kratzer R, Zurli V, Mangiavacchi S, Casini D, Brito LM, De Gregorio E, Mason PW, Ulmer JB, Geall AJ, Bertholet S. Induction of Broad-Based Immunity and Protective Efficacy by Self-amplifying mRNA Vaccines Encoding Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin. J Virol 2016; 90:332-44. [PMID: 26468547 PMCID: PMC4702536 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01786-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Seasonal influenza is a vaccine-preventable disease that remains a major health problem worldwide, especially in immunocompromised populations. The impact of influenza disease is even greater when strains drift, and influenza pandemics can result when animal-derived influenza virus strains combine with seasonal strains. In this study, we used the SAM technology and characterized the immunogenicity and efficacy of a self-amplifying mRNA expressing influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) antigen [SAM(HA)] formulated with a novel oil-in-water cationic nanoemulsion. We demonstrated that SAM(HA) was immunogenic in ferrets and facilitated containment of viral replication in the upper respiratory tract of influenza virus-infected animals. In mice, SAM(HA) induced potent functional neutralizing antibody and cellular immune responses, characterized by HA-specific CD4 T helper 1 and CD8 cytotoxic T cells. Furthermore, mice immunized with SAM(HA) derived from the influenza A virus A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) strain (Cal) were protected from a lethal challenge with the heterologous mouse-adapted A/PR/8/1934 (H1N1) virus strain (PR8). Sera derived from SAM(H1-Cal)-immunized animals were not cross-reactive with the PR8 virus, whereas cross-reactivity was observed for HA-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells. Finally, depletion of T cells demonstrated that T-cell responses were essential in mediating heterologous protection. If the SAM vaccine platform proves safe, well tolerated, and effective in humans, the fully synthetic SAM vaccine technology could provide a rapid response platform to control pandemic influenza. IMPORTANCE In this study, we describe protective immune responses in mice and ferrets after vaccination with a novel HA-based influenza vaccine. This novel type of vaccine elicits both humoral and cellular immune responses. Although vaccine-specific antibodies are the key players in mediating protection from homologous influenza virus infections, vaccine-specific T cells contribute to the control of heterologous infections. The rapid production capacity and the synthetic origin of the vaccine antigen make the SAM platform particularly exploitable in case of influenza pandemic.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Cross Protection
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Ferrets
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/genetics
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/immunology
- Influenza Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Influenza Vaccines/genetics
- Influenza Vaccines/immunology
- Leukocyte Reduction Procedures
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/immunology
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/prevention & control
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Respiratory System/virology
- Survival Analysis
- Treatment Outcome
- Vaccines, DNA/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, DNA/genetics
- Vaccines, DNA/immunology
- Viral Load
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diletta Magini
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics S.r.l., Siena, Italy Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Vanessa Zurli
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics S.r.l., Siena, Italy Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | | | | | - Luis M Brito
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Peter W Mason
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jeffrey B Ulmer
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrew J Geall
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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13
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Magini D, Buccato S, Mangiavacchi S, Giovani C, Montomoli E, Brito L, Maione D, Geall A, Brazzoli M, Bertholet S. Characterization of T cell responses induced by Flu SAM(NP)® and SAM(M1)® vaccines (VAC5P.1124). The Journal of Immunology 2015. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.194.supp.73.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Vaccination remains the most cost-effective way to control Influenza outbreaks. However, current Influenza vaccines do not provide efficacious heterosubtypic immunity. Therefore, the development of a successful universal vaccination strategy is urgently needed. To achieve this goal, one approach is focused on the induction of a T cell based response versus more conserved flu antigens, such as the Nucleoprotein (NP) and the Matrix protein 1 (M1). The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunogenicity and protective efficacy conferred by conserved NP and M1 antigens expressed by a self-amplifying RNA-based vaccine (SAM(NP)® and SAM(M1)®). We demonstrate that SAM(NP)® and SAM(M1)® are immunogenic in Balb/c mice. SAM(NP)® formulation induced IFNγ+ and LAMP1+ NP-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T cells as well as multifunctional NP-specific CD4+ T cells. SAM(M1) ® elicited a robust polyfunctional CD4 T helper 1 response. Moreover, we show that SAM(NP)® and SAM(M1)® formulations, when administered separately or in combination, provided differential levels of protection against a lethal challenge with mouse-adapted A/PR/8/1934 (H1N1) Influenza virus. SAM(NP)® and SAM(M1)® formulation induced T cell immune responses, potent mediator of heterosubtypic immunity, therefore, they are promising antigens in the design of a cross-protective flu vaccine. Since the SAM® vaccine technology offers several advantages , it could potentially speed up the development of universal flu vaccine candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Luis Brito
- 3Novartis Vaccine and Diagnostics, Cambridge, MA
| | | | - Andrew Geall
- 3Novartis Vaccine and Diagnostics, Cambridge, MA
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14
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Bianchi A, Crotta S, Brazzoli M, Foung SKH, Merola M. Hepatitis C virus e2 protein ectodomain is essential for assembly of infectious virions. Int J Hepatol 2011; 2011:968161. [PMID: 22007314 PMCID: PMC3172978 DOI: 10.4061/2011/968161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2010] [Accepted: 09/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hepatitis C virus E1 and E2 envelope proteins are the major players in all events required for virus entry into target cells. In addition, the recently developed HCV cell culture system has indicated that E1E2 heterodimer formation is a prerequisite for viral particle production. In this paper, we explored a new genetic approach to construct intergenotypic 2a/1b chimeras, maintaining the structural region of the infectious strain JFH1 and substituting the soluble portion of E1 and/or E2 proteins. This strategy provides useful information on the role of the surface-exposed domain of the envelope proteins in virus morphogenesis and allows comparative analysis of different HCV genotypes. We found that substituting the E2 protein ectodomain region abolishes the production of chimeric infectious particles. Our data indicate that the soluble part of the E2 protein is involved in a genotype-specific interplay with remaining viral proteins that affect the HCV assembly process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Bianchi
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostic, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Stefania Crotta
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostic, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy,Division of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK
| | - Michela Brazzoli
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostic, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | | | - Marcello Merola
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostic, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy,Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Naples “Federico II” at MSA, 80132 Naples, Italy,*Marcello Merola:
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15
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Crotta S, Brazzoli M, Piccioli D, Valiante NM, Wack A. Hepatitis C virions subvert natural killer cell activation to generate a cytokine environment permissive for infection. J Hepatol 2010; 52:183-90. [PMID: 20015567 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2009.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2009] [Revised: 09/15/2009] [Accepted: 09/26/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is remarkably successful in establishing persistent infections due to its ability to evade host immune responses through a combination of mechanisms including modulation of interferon (IFN) signalling in infected cells, interference with effector cell function of the immune system and continual viral genetic variation. We have previously demonstrated that natural killer (NK) cells can be inhibited in vitro by recombinant HCV glycoprotein E2 via cross-linking of CD81, a cellular co-receptor for the virus. METHODS Taking advantage of the recently established tissue-culture system for HCV, we have studied the effects of CD81 engagement by the HCV envelope glycoprotein E2 when the protein is part of complete, infectious viral particles. Specifically, we asked whether exposure to HCV viral particles (HCVcc) affects activation of NK cells and whether altered NK cell activation, in turn, impacts on HCV infectivity. RESULTS We found that immobilized HCVcc, unlike soluble HCVcc, inhibited IFN-gamma production by interleukin (IL)-12 activated NK cells, and that this effect was mediated by engagement of cellular CD81 by HCV-virion displayed E2. In contrast, NK-production of IL-8 was increased in the presence of HCV. The cytokines produced by IL-12 activated NK cells strongly reduced the establishment of productive HCV infection. Importantly, NK-cell derived cytokines secreted in the presence of HCVcc showed a diminished antiviral effect that correlated with IFN-gamma reduction, while IL-8 concentrations had no impact on HCV infectivity. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to HCVcc modulates the pattern of cytokines produced by NK cells, leading to reduced antiviral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Crotta
- Department of Microbial Molecular Biology, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Siena, Italy.
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16
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Brazzoli M, Crotta S, Bianchi A, Bagnoli F, Monaghan P, Wileman T, Abrignani S, Merola M. Intracellular accumulation of hepatitis C virus proteins in a human hepatoma cell line. J Hepatol 2007; 46:53-9. [PMID: 17107733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2006.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2006] [Revised: 09/06/2006] [Accepted: 09/12/2006] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The establishment of HCV replicon systems strongly improved the research on the replication processes but poorly advanced our knowledge on the subcellular localization of the structural glycoproteins, mainly due to their low expression. We sought to verify whether reinforcing E1E2 expression in the context of both HCV genomic and subgenomic replicon from either homologous or heterologous strains leads to formation of supramolecular structures including structural and nonstructural proteins. METHODS Robust expression of HCV glycoproteins was achieved by stable expression of E1E2p7 from genotype 1a and 1b. RESULTS In these cells, E1 and E2 triggered the formation of dot-like structures in which they co-localized with core and the nonstructural proteins NS3 and NS5A. Confocal microscopy analyses suggested that accumulation of HCV proteins occurs in an ER-derived subcompartment. Moreover, by labeling de novo-synthesized HCV RNA, we showed that these structures constitute a site of viral RNA synthesis. CONCLUSIONS Expression in trans of HCV glycoproteins in the context of replicative viral genome or subgenome generates accumulation of structural and nonstructural viral proteins in peculiar cytoplasmic structures. The simultaneous presence of viral RNA, structural and nonstructural protein suggests that these complexes represent not only sites of HCV replication but also potential places of viral pre-budding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Brazzoli
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
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17
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Brazzoli M, Helenius A, Foung SKH, Houghton M, Abrignani S, Merola M. Folding and dimerization of hepatitis C virus E1 and E2 glycoproteins in stably transfected CHO cells. Virology 2005; 332:438-53. [PMID: 15661174 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2004.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2004] [Revised: 11/08/2004] [Accepted: 11/29/2004] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The recombinant E1E2 heterodimer of the hepatitis C virus is a candidate for a subunit vaccine. Folding analysis of E1 and E2 glycoproteins, stably expressed in CHO cells, showed that E1 folding was faster and more efficient than E2. The oxidized DTT-resistant conformation of E1 was completed within 2 h post-synthesis, while E2 not only required up to 6 h but also generated non-native species. Calnexin was found to assist E1 folding, whereas no chaperone association was found with E2. The assembly of E1 and E2 was assessed by co-immunoprecipitation and sedimentation velocity analysis. We found that the formation of native E1E2 heterodimers paralleled E2 oxidation kinetics, suggesting that E2 completed its folding process after association with E1. Once formed, sedimentation of the native E1E2 heterodimers was consistent with the absence of additional associated factors. Taken together, our data strongly suggest that productive folding of the major HCV spike protein E2 is assisted by E1.
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18
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Merola M, Brazzoli M, Cocchiarella F, Heile JM, Helenius A, Weiner AJ, Houghton M, Abrignani S. Folding of hepatitis C virus E1 glycoprotein in a cell-free system. J Virol 2001; 75:11205-17. [PMID: 11602760 PMCID: PMC114700 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.75.22.11205-11217.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) envelope proteins, E1 and E2, form noncovalent heterodimers and are leading candidate antigens for a vaccine against HCV. Studies in mammalian cell expression systems have focused primarily on E2 and its folding, whereas knowledge of E1 folding remains fragmentary. We used a cell-free in vitro translation system to study E1 folding and asked whether the flanking proteins, Core and E2, influence this process. We translated the polyprotein precursor, in which the Core is N-terminal to E1, and E2 is C-terminal, and found that when the core protein was present, oxidation of E1 was a slow, E2-independent process. The half-time for E1 oxidation was about 5 h in the presence or absence of E2. In contrast with previous reports, analysis of three constructs of different lengths revealed that the E2 glycoprotein undergoes slow oxidation as well. Unfolded or partially folded E1 bound to the endoplasmic reticulum chaperones calnexin and (with lower efficiency) calreticulin, whereas no binding to BiP/GRP78 or GRP94 could be detected. Release from calnexin and calreticulin was used to assess formation of mature E1. When E1 was expressed in the absence of Core and E2, its oxidation was impaired. We conclude that E1 folding is a process that is affected not only by E2, as previously shown, but also by the Core. The folding of viral proteins can thus depend on complex interactions between neighboring proteins within the polyprotein precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Merola
- IRIS Research Center, Chiron, 53100 Siena, Italy.
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19
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Gobets B, Kennis JTM, Ihalainen JA, Brazzoli M, Croce R, van Stokkum IHM, Bassi R, Dekker JP, van Amerongen H, Fleming GR, van Grondelle R. Excitation Energy Transfer in Dimeric Light Harvesting Complex I: A Combined Streak-Camera/Fluorescence Upconversion Study. J Phys Chem B 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp011901c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bas Gobets
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - John T. M. Kennis
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Janne A. Ihalainen
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Michela Brazzoli
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Roberta Croce
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Ivo H. M. van Stokkum
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Roberto Bassi
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Jan P. Dekker
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Herbert van Amerongen
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Graham R. Fleming
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Rienk van Grondelle
- Division of Physics and Astronomy of the Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of California, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FIN-40351, Jyväskylä, Finland, and Facoltà di Scienze MM. FF.NN., Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie- Cà Vignal, 37134 Verona, Italy
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20
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Ihalainen JA, Gobets B, Sznee K, Brazzoli M, Croce R, Bassi R, van Grondelle R, Korppi-Tommola JE, Dekker JP. Evidence for two spectroscopically different dimers of light-harvesting complex I from green plants. Biochemistry 2000; 39:8625-31. [PMID: 10913270 DOI: 10.1021/bi0007369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A preparation consisting of isolated dimeric peripheral antenna complexes from green plant photosystem I (light-harvesting complex I or LHCI) has been characterized by means of (polarized) steady-state absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy at low temperatures. We show that this preparation can be described reasonably well by a mixture of two types of dimers. In the first dimer about 10% of all Q(y)() absorption of the chlorophylls arises from two chlorophylls with absorption and emission maxima at about 711 and 733 nm, respectively, whereas in the second about 10% of the absorption arises from two chlorophylls with absorption and emission maxima at about 693 and 702 nm, respectively. The remaining chlorophylls show spectroscopic properties comparable to those of the related peripheral antenna complexes of photosystem II. We attribute the first dimer to a heterodimer of the Lhca1 and Lhca4 proteins and the second to a hetero- or homodimer of the Lhca2 and/or Lhca3 proteins. We suggest that the chlorophylls responsible for the 733 nm emission (F-730) and 702 nm emission (F-702) are excitonically coupled dimers and that F-730 originates from one of the strongest coupled pair of chlorophylls observed in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Ihalainen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
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