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Condello A, Piacentini E, Giorno L. Insights into the preparation of zein nanoparticles by continuous membrane nanoprecipitation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130935. [PMID: 38493815 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) preparation is limited to an exclusive use in batch processes and small-scale formulations. The use of membranes as high-performance micromixers is expected to open new scenarios to overcome limitations of conventional nanoprecipitation system such as stirred tank (ST) nanoprecipitation. The ability of the porous membrane to add uniformly one phase to another and govern their mixing at the membrane interface seems to be an important parameter for obtaining uniform NPs. Inorganic membranes (pore size of 1 μm) were used to carry out membrane nanoprecipitation (MN) to form Zein nanoparticles (ZNPs) at pores level by non-solvent induced phase separation. A systematic study of the preparation of ZNPs in the ST and MN systems was carried out to establish the Ouzo diagram. The influence of zein concentration and solvent to non-solvent ratio on the size and size distribution of ZNPs was also investigated. A wider stable Ouzo zone was obtained with MN than with the ST process. ZNPs size increased from 100 nm up to 700 nm, while maintaining low polydispersity index (PDI < 0.2). The results demonstrate the suitability of MN for the continuous production of ZNPs and open the possibility of scaling up the nanoprecipitation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Condello
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute on Membrane Technology (CNR-ITM), Via P. Bucci 17/C, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy; Physics Department, University of Calabria, Ponte P. Bucci 33B, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy.
| | - E Piacentini
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute on Membrane Technology (CNR-ITM), Via P. Bucci 17/C, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy.
| | - L Giorno
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute on Membrane Technology (CNR-ITM), Via P. Bucci 17/C, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy.
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2
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Luo X, Wu S, Xiao M, Gu H, Zhang H, Chen J, Liu Y, Zhang C, Zhang J. Advances and Prospects of Prolamine Corn Protein Zein as Promising Multifunctional Drug Delivery System for Cancer Treatment. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:2589-2621. [PMID: 37213352 PMCID: PMC10198181 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s402891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Zein is a type of prolamine protein that is derived from corn, and it has been recognized by the US FDA as one of the safest biological materials available. Zein possesses valuable characteristics that have made it a popular choice for the preparation of drug carriers, which can be administered through various routes to improve the therapeutic effect of antitumor drugs. Additionally, zein contains free hydroxyl and amino groups that offer numerous modification sites, enabling it to be hybridized with other materials to create functionalized drug delivery systems. However, despite its potential, the clinical translation of drug-loaded zein-based carriers remains challenging due to insufficient basic research and relatively strong hydrophobicity. In this paper, we aim to systematically introduce the main interactions between loaded drugs and zein, administration routes, and the functionalization of zein-based antitumor drug delivery systems, in order to demonstrate its development potential and promote their further application. We also provide perspectives and future directions for this promising area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sudan Wu
- Blood Purification Center, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianping Chen
- Lika Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, the University of Hong KOng, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yang Liu, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 37, Shierqiao Road, Jinniu District, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China, Email
| | - Chen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Jinming Zhang, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China, Email
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3
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Liu H, Chiou BS, Ma Y, Corke H, Liu F. Reducing synthetic colorants release from alginate-based liquid-core beads with a zein shell. Food Chem 2022; 384:132493. [PMID: 35247775 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
An innovative method to reduce hydrophilic synthetic colorant release at interface was presented in this work, based on the anti-solvent effect at the membrane outside surface of liquid-core beads manufactured by reverse spherification between alginate and calcium ion. Zein, a hydrophobic protein which formed precipitation shell ensured the stability of colorant. Acidification of solvent made zein particles more kinetically stable, allowed zein stretching and collated more orderly secondary structures even in high polarity solvents. Colorants that hydrogen bonded or electrostatically interacted with zein could have optimized release properties. The zein/erythrosine samples had the most orderly secondary structure from circular dichroism and had the highest stability among all zein/colorant systems. The release rate of erythrosine was only 2.76% after 48 h storage after soaking in zein shell solution. This study demonstrated a promising clean and scalable strategy to encapsulate hydrophilic compounds in zein-based shells of liquid-core beads for food, supplement and pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Biotechnology and Food Engineering Program, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China; Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Bor-Sen Chiou
- Western Regional Research Center, ARS, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, United States
| | - Yun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Harold Corke
- Biotechnology and Food Engineering Program, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China; Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Fei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Biotechnology and Food Engineering Program, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China.
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4
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Salinas F, Astete CE, Waldvogel JH, Navarro S, White JC, Elmer W, Tamez C, Davis JA, Sabliov CM. Effects of engineered lignin-graft-PLGA and zein-based nanoparticles on soybean health. NANOIMPACT 2021; 23:100329. [PMID: 35559830 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2021.100329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The majority of published research on the effect of engineered nanoparticles on terrestrial plant species is focused on inorganic nanoparticles, with the effects of organic polymeric nanoparticles (NP) on plants remaining largely unexplored. It is critical to understand the impact of polymeric NPs on plants if these particles are to be used as agrochemical delivery systems. This study investigates the effect of biodegradable polymeric lignin-based nanoparticles (LNPs) and zein nanoparticles (ZNP) on soybean plant health. The LNPs (114 ± 3.4 nm, -53.8 ± 6.9 mV) were synthesized by emulsion evaporation from lignin-graft-poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid, and ZNPs (142 ± 3.9 nm and + 64.5 ± 4.7 mV) were synthesized by nanoprecipitation. Soybeans were grown hydroponically and treated with 0.02, 0.2, and 2 mg/ml of LNPs or ZNPs at 28 days after germination. Plants were harvested after 1, 3, 7 and 14 days of particle exposure and analyzed for root and stem length, chlorophyll concentration, dry biomass of roots and stem, nutrient uptake and plant ROS. Root and stem length, chlorophyll and stem biomass did not differ significantly between treatments and controls for LNPs-treated plants at all concentrations, and at low doses of ZNPs. At 2 mg/ml ZNPs, the highest concentration tested, after 7 days of treatment chlorophyll levels and root biomass increased and stem length was reduced in comparison to the control. Nutrient uptake was largely unaffected at 0.02 and 0.2 mg/ml NPs. A concentration-dependent increase in the oxidative stresss was detected, especially in the ZNP treated plants. Overall, LNPs and ZNPs had a minimum impact on soybean health especially at low and medium doses. To our knowledge this is the first study to show the effect of zein and lignin based polymeric NPs designed for agrochemical delivery on soybean plant health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fallon Salinas
- Biological & Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University and LSU Ag Center, United States of America
| | - Carlos E Astete
- Biological & Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University and LSU Ag Center, United States of America
| | - John H Waldvogel
- Biological & Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University and LSU Ag Center, United States of America
| | - Sara Navarro
- Biological & Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University and LSU Ag Center, United States of America
| | - Jason C White
- Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, United States of America
| | - Wade Elmer
- Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, United States of America
| | - Carlos Tamez
- Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey A Davis
- Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, United States of America
| | - Cristina M Sabliov
- Biological & Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University and LSU Ag Center, United States of America.
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5
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Gao Z, Chen G, Lu W, Wu Y, Hu B, Xu L, Fang Y, Nishinari K, Phillips GO. Interfacial and emulsion-stabilizing properties of zein nanoparticles: differences among zein fractions (α-, β-, and γ-zein). Food Funct 2021; 12:1361-1370. [PMID: 33449061 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02536d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
According to the solubility in the binary solvent of ethanol water, zein can be classified into α-, β-, γ-, and δ-zein, and the difference in amino acid compositions of these fractions is believed to affect their physicochemical properties and functionalities. This research comparatively analyzed main zein fractions, namely the α-zein fraction, β-zein fraction, and γ-zein fraction, on the formation, surface adsorption, and emulsifying properties of their anti-solvent-induced particles. Results showed that all zein fractions were able to form spherical particles through an anti-solvent procedure, and formed particles possessed different surface charge and surface hydrophobicity. γ-Zein fraction particles had the biggest size and lowest surface hydrophobicity, the highest interfacial adsorption speed, and formed the strongest viscoelastic interfacial film, as analyzed through the interfacial rheology results, while β-zein fraction particles exhibited the poorest interfacial activity. These physicochemical differences were reflected in their emulsifying properties, whereby the γ-zein fraction particle-stabilized emulsion had the maximum tolerance to salt (50, 100, and 200 mM NaCl) and pH (4.0, 7.0, and 9.0). The excellent interfacial properties of the γ-zein fraction presented in this research would afford a new strategy for the effective application of zein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Gao
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Nanli Road, Wuhan 430068, P. R. China.
| | - Gaiting Chen
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Nanli Road, Wuhan 430068, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Lu
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Nanli Road, Wuhan 430068, P. R. China.
| | - Yuehan Wu
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Nanli Road, Wuhan 430068, P. R. China.
| | - Bing Hu
- Key Lab of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, P. R. China
| | - Longquan Xu
- China Tobacco Guizhou Industrial Co., Ltd., Kaifa Avenue, Guiyang, 550000, P. R. China
| | - Yapeng Fang
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Nanli Road, Wuhan 430068, P. R. China. and Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Katsuyoshi Nishinari
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Nanli Road, Wuhan 430068, P. R. China.
| | - Glyn O Phillips
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Nanli Road, Wuhan 430068, P. R. China.
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6
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Zein film as a novel natural biopolymer membrane in electrochemical detections. J Solid State Electrochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-021-04910-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Sun C, Xiong Z, Zhang J, Fang Y. Environmental parameters-dependent self-assembling behaviors of α-zein in aqueous ethanol solution studied by atomic force microscopy. Food Chem 2020; 331:127349. [PMID: 32593041 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy was applied to characterize the self-assembling behaviors of α-zein molecules in 70% (v/v) aqueous ethanol solution under different parameters including α-zein concentration (0.001%-0.1%, w/v), pH (2.0-8.0) and the thermal treatment (90 ℃, 2-24 h). α-Zein (0.1% and 0.01%, w/v) at pH 7.0 formed globules while α-zein assemblies (0.001%, w/v) exhibited the co-existence of worm-like strings, bundles of fibers, and rod-like fibers. Heating the aqueous ethanol solutions containing 0.001% (w/v) α-zein at 90 °C and pH 4.0 converted the irregular aggregates into regular spherical particles (100-120 nm), followed by fibrils (15-50 nm) at a prolonged times (8 h). Besides, fibrils were formed after heating aqueous ethanol solutions containing α-zein (0.001%, w/v) at pH 2.0 for 8 h. A two-step mechanism was proposed to explain such findings, which involved the aggregation of α-zein molecules to form aggregates, and followed by the rearrangement of α-zein molecules to form fibrils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuixia Sun
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zheqiang Xiong
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Junwei Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yapeng Fang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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8
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9
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Alcântara ACS, Darder M, Aranda P, Ruiz-Hitzky E. Zein-layered hydroxide biohybrids: strategies of synthesis and characterization. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13040825. [PMID: 32054135 PMCID: PMC7079599 DOI: 10.3390/ma13040825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This work constitutes a basic study about the first exploration on the preparation of biohybrids based on the corn protein zein and layered metal hydroxides, such as layered double hydroxides (LDH) and layered single hydroxides (LSHs). For this purpose, MgAl layered double hydroxide and the Co2(OH)3 layered single hydroxide were selected as hosts, and various synthetic approaches were explored to achieve the formation of the zein-layered hydroxide biohybrids, profiting from the presence of negatively charged groups in zein in basic medium. Zein-based layered hydroxide biohybrids were characterized by diverse physicochemical techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA), solid state 13C cross-polarization magical angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (CP-MAS NMR), field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), etc., which suggest that the different synthesis procedures employed and the anion located in the interlayer region of the inorganic host material seem to have a strong influence on the final features of the biohybrids, resulting in mixed, single intercalated, or highly exfoliated intercalated phases. Thus, the resulting biohybrids based on zein and layered hydroxides could have interest in applications in biomedicine, biosensing, materials for electronic devices, catalysis, and photocatalysis.
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Effect of contact surface, plasticized and crosslinked zein films are cast on, on the distribution of dispersive and polar surface energy using the Van Oss method of deconvolution. J FOOD ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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11
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Lau HC, Jeong S, Kim A. Gelatin-alginate coacervates for circumventing proteolysis and probing intermolecular interactions by SPR. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 117:427-434. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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12
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Bisharat L, Berardi A, Perinelli DR, Bonacucina G, Casettari L, Cespi M, AlKhatib HS, Palmieri GF. Aggregation of zein in aqueous ethanol dispersions: Effect on cast film properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 106:360-368. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Characterization of physicochemical and structural properties of atmospheric cold plasma (ACP) modified zein. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2017.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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14
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Dong SR, Xu HH, Tan JY, Xie MM, Yu GP. The structure and amphipathy characteristics of modified γ-zeins by SDS or alkali in conjunction with heating treatment. Food Chem 2017; 233:361-368. [PMID: 28530585 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.04.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
γ-Zein was modified by SDS or alkali combined with heating treatments in water and in 70% ethanol to change its amphipathic properties and explore the relationship between amphipathic characteristic and structure. γ-Zein water-dispersibility was dramatically increased via alkali or SDS combined with heating treatments, but their ethanol-dispersibilities were significantly different during ethanol evaporation. High both water-dispersibility and ethanol-dispersibility were found from alkali modified γ-zein while high water-dispersibility but low ethanol-dispersibility were obtained from SDS modified γ-zein, indicating that alkali modified γ-zein had better amphipathic characteristic compared with SDS modified γ-zein. Alkali modified γ-zein with higher amphipathic characteristic possessed higher structural inversion ability since it was easy to recover its native state as solvent changing from water to ethanol, contrary to SDS modified γ-zeins whose amphipathic characteristic was not improved. Moreover, the higher structural inversion ability of alkali modified γ-zein depended on the recovery capability of α-helix structure as solvent altering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Rong Dong
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030 Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Hua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030 Harbin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun-Yan Tan
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030 Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Ming Xie
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030 Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Ping Yu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030 Harbin, People's Republic of China
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15
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Berardi A, Bisharat L, Cespi M, Basheti IA, Bonacucina G, Pavoni L, AlKhatib HS. Controlled release properties of zein powder filled into hard gelatin capsules. POWDER TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2017.07.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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16
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Turasan H, Kokini JL. Advances in Understanding the Molecular Structures and Functionalities of Biodegradable Zein-Based Materials Using Spectroscopic Techniques: A Review. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:331-354. [PMID: 27966349 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b01455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hazal Turasan
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jozef L. Kokini
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette Indiana 47907, United States
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17
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Dong S, Gao A, Xu H, Chen Y. Effects of Dielectric Barrier Discharges (DBD) Cold Plasma Treatment on Physicochemical and Structural Properties of Zein Powders. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-016-1814-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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18
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Zhang Y, Cui L, Li F, Shi N, Li C, Yu X, Chen Y, Kong W. Design, fabrication and biomedical applications of zein-based nano/micro-carrier systems. Int J Pharm 2016; 513:191-210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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19
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Cui H, Liu GL, Padua GW. Cell spreading and viability on zein films may be facilitated by transglutaminase. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 145:839-844. [PMID: 27315332 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Zein is a biocompatible corn protein potentially useful in the development of biomaterials. In this study, the deposition of zein on oxygen plasma treated glass cover slips significantly enhanced cell spreading and viability. The mechanism for cellular response to zein coated surfaces was thought to involve the polyglutamine peptides on the zein structure. We hypothesized that zein was a substrate for tissue transglutaminase (tTG), an extracellular enzyme involved in cell-surface interactions. SDS-PAGE results suggested an interaction between zein and tTG, where zein was the glutamine donor. Cross-linking between zein and tTG may be the first step in successful cell adhesion and spreading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemiao Cui
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Gang L Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Graciela W Padua
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States.
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Modification of the hydrophilic/hydrophobic characteristic of zein film surfaces by contact with oxygen plasma treated PDMS and oleic acid content. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 135:433-440. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Zhang Y, Cui L, Che X, Zhang H, Shi N, Li C, Chen Y, Kong W. Zein-based films and their usage for controlled delivery: Origin, classes and current landscape. J Control Release 2015; 206:206-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Corradini E, Curti PS, Meniqueti AB, Martins AF, Rubira AF, Muniz EC. Recent advances in food-packing, pharmaceutical and biomedical applications of zein and zein-based materials. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:22438-70. [PMID: 25486057 PMCID: PMC4284718 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151222438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Zein is a biodegradable and biocompatible material extracted from renewable resources; it comprises almost 80% of the whole protein content in corn. This review highlights and describes some zein and zein-based materials, focusing on biomedical applications. It was demonstrated in this review that the biodegradation and biocompatibility of zein are key parameters for its uses in the food-packing, biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. Furthermore, it was pointed out that the presence of hydrophilic-hydrophobic groups in zein chains is a very important aspect for obtaining material with different hydrophobicities by mixing with other moieties (polymeric or not), but also for obtaining derivatives with different properties. The physical and chemical characteristics and special structure (at the molecular, nano and micro scales) make zein molecules inherently superior to many other polymers from natural sources and synthetic ones. The film-forming property of zein and zein-based materials is important for several applications. The good electrospinnability of zein is important for producing zein and zein-based nanofibers for applications in tissue engineering and drug delivery. The use of zein's hydrolysate peptides for reducing blood pressure is another important issue related to the application of derivatives of zein in the biomedical field. It is pointed out that the biodegradability and biocompatibility of zein and other inherent properties associated with zein's structure allow a myriad of applications of such materials with great potential in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisângela Corradini
- Departmento de Engenharia de Materiais, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR-LD), Avenida dos Pioneiros, 3131, 86036-370 Londrina-PR, Brazil.
| | - Priscila S Curti
- Departmento de Química, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR-LD), Avenida dos Pioneiros, 3131, 86036-370 Londrina-PR, Brazil.
| | - Adriano B Meniqueti
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agricultura, Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR), 87502-210 Umuarama-PR, Brazil.
| | - Alessandro F Martins
- Coordenação do Curso de Agronomia, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR-DV), Estrada para Boa Esperança, 85660-000 Dois Vizinhos-PR, Brazil.
| | - Adley F Rubira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá-PR, Brazil.
| | - Edvani Curti Muniz
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agricultura, Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR), 87502-210 Umuarama-PR, Brazil.
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23
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Kafirin adsorption on ion-exchange resins: Isotherm and kinetic studies. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1356:105-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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24
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Yin YC, Yin SW, Yang XQ, Tang CH, Wen SH, Chen Z, Xiao BJ, Wu LY. Surface modification of sodium caseinate films by zein coatings. Food Hydrocoll 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2013.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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25
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Nonthanum P, Lee Y, Padua GW. Effect of pH and ethanol content of solvent on rheology of zein solutions. J Cereal Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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26
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Regier MC, Taylor JD, Borcyk T, Yang Y, Pannier AK. Fabrication and characterization of DNA-loaded zein nanospheres. J Nanobiotechnology 2012. [PMID: 23199119 PMCID: PMC3524772 DOI: 10.1186/1477-3155-10-44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Particulates incorporating DNA are promising vehicles for gene delivery, with the ability to protect DNA and provide for controlled, localized, and sustained release and transfection. Zein, a hydrophobic protein from corn, is biocompatible and has properties that make it a promising candidate material for particulate delivery, including its ability to form nanospheres through coacervation and its insolubility under physiological conditions, making it capable of sustained release of encapsulated compounds. Due to the promise of this natural biomaterial for drug delivery, the objective of this study was to formulate zein nanospheres encapsulating DNA as the therapeutic compound, and to characterize size, charge, sustained release, cell cytotoxicity and cellular internalization of these particles. Results Zein nanospheres encapsulating DNA were fabricated using a coacervation technique, without the use of harsh solvents or temperatures, resulting in the preservation of DNA integrity and particles with diameters that ranged from 157.8 ± 3.9 nm to 396.8 ± 16.1 nm, depending on zein to DNA ratio. DNA encapsulation efficiencies were maximized to 65.3 ± 1.9% with a maximum loading of 6.1 ± 0.2 mg DNA/g zein. The spheres protected encapsulated DNA from DNase I degradation and exhibited sustained plasmid release for at least 7 days, with minimal burst during the initial phase of release. Zein/DNA nanospheres demonstrated robust biocompatibility, cellular association, and internalization. Conclusions This study represents the first report on the formation of zein particles encapsulating plasmid DNA, using simple fabrication techniques resulting in preservation of plasmid integrity and tunable sizes. DNA encapsulation efficiencies were maximized to acceptable levels at higher zein to DNA ratios, while loading was comparable to that of other hydrophilic compounds encapsulated in zein and that of DNA incorporated into PLGA nano- and microspheres. The hydrophobic nature of zein resulted in spheres capable of sustained release of plasmid DNA. Zein particles may be an excellent potential tool for the delivery of DNA with the ability to be fine-tuned for specific applications including oral gene delivery, intramuscular delivery, and in the fabrication of tissue engineering scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary C Regier
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 231 Chase Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583-0726, USA
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27
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Quercetin loaded biopolymeric colloidal particles prepared by simultaneous precipitation of quercetin with hydrophobic protein in aqueous medium. Food Chem 2012; 133:423-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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28
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Nedi I, Di Maio E, Iannace S. The role of protein-plasticizer-clay interactions on processing and properties of thermoplastic zein bionanocomposites. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.36860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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29
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Oliviero M, Verdolotti L, Di Maio E, Aurilia M, Iannace S. Effect of supramolecular structures on thermoplastic zein-lignin bionanocomposites. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:10062-70. [PMID: 21834554 DOI: 10.1021/jf201728p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The effect of alkaline lignin (AL) and sodium lignosulfonate (LSS) on the structure of thermoplastic zein (TPZ) was studied. Protein structural changes and the nature of the physical interaction between lignin and zein were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and correlated with physical properties. Most relevant protein structural changes were observed at low AL concentration, where strong H-bondings between the functional groups of AL and the amino acids in zein induced a destructuring of inter- and intramolecular interactions in α-helix, β-sheet, and β-turn secondary structures. This destructuring allowed for an extensive protein conformational modification which, in turn, resulted in a strong improvement of the physical properties of the bionanocomposite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Oliviero
- Institute for Composite and Biomedical Materials (IMCB), CNR, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
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30
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Liao L, Liu TX, Zhao MM, Zhao HF, Cui C. Aggregation behavior of wheat gluten during carboxylic acid deamidation upon hydrothermal treatment. J Cereal Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2011.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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31
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Dixit CK, Vashist SK, MacCraith BD, O'Kennedy R. Evaluation of apparent non-specific protein loss due to adsorption on sample tube surfaces and/or altered immunogenicity. Analyst 2011; 136:1406-11. [DOI: 10.1039/c0an00689k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Zhou G, Ma C, Zhang G. Synthesis of polyurethane-g-poly(ethylene glycol) copolymers by macroiniferter and their protein resistance. Polym Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1py00016k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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John MJ, Bellmann C, Anandjiwala RD. Kenaf–polypropylene composites: Effect of amphiphilic coupling agent on surface properties of fibres and composites. Carbohydr Polym 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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34
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Ma C, Zhou G, Zhang G. Protein resistance of polyurethane with hydrophilic and hydrophobic soft segments. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.22077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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35
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Wang Y, Padua GW. Formation of zein microphases in ethanol-water. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:12897-901. [PMID: 20617833 DOI: 10.1021/la101688v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Zein, a major protein of corn, is soluble in binary mixtures of ethanol and water. It has an amphiphilic character and is capable of self-assembly into nano- and microsized rods, spheres, and films upon solvent evaporation. The formation of microspheres is of particular interest for the development of delivery systems. Control over structure formation requires a better understanding of zein behavior in solution. The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of zein concentration and the effect of ethanol-water ratio on the microphase behavior of zein solutions, believed to govern the morphology of microstructures after solvent evaporation. The Flory-Huggins solution theory was applied to model boundary lines between microphases in solution. The study generated information on the zein concentration-ethanol/water ratio conditions where microspheres are formed and provided insight into the microphase behavior of zein ethanolic solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 West Pennsylvania Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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36
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Xia
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China, and Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi Hou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China, and Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - To Ngai
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China, and Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Guangzhao Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China, and Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
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37
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Ma C, Hou Y, Liu S, Zhang G. Effect of microphase separation on the protein resistance of a polymeric surface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:9467-9472. [PMID: 19371047 DOI: 10.1021/la900669p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Segmented polyurethanes (PUs) containing poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), poly(propylene glycol), or poly(dimethylsiloxane) soft segments have been prepared by two-step condensation polymerization. Atom force microscopy observation in air and solution indicates that the segmented PU forms a microphase separation on the surface. By use of quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation and surface plasmon resonance, we have investigated the adsorption of fibrinogen, bovine serum albumin, and lysozyme on a surface constructed by such a PU in aqueous solution in real time. Our results reveal that the protein resistance of the PUs arises from the hydrated PEG segments instead of microphase separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfeng Ma
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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38
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Singh N, Georget DMR, Belton PS, Barker SA. Zein-iodine complex studied by FTIR spectroscopy and dielectric and dynamic rheometry in films and precipitates. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:4334-4341. [PMID: 19368387 DOI: 10.1021/jf900436q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In the present study the effect of iodine on properties of zein films and zein precipitates obtained after hydrophobic aggregation was evaluated. Zein films were cast with and without glycerol (as plasticizer) after incorporation of iodine at different levels (2-8%, zein wt basis). Zein films were characterized by secondary structure (determined by infrared spectroscopy) and dielectric and mechanical properties. The rheological properties of zein precipitates as a function of frequency and temperature were evaluated using a dynamic rheometer. Inclusion of iodine changed the secondary structure of zein films and decreased their tensile strength as well as strain at failure. In aggregates, changes in G' (elastic modulus) and G'' (viscous modulus) during heating were affected by the presence of iodine due to the inhibition of aggregation. The water-holding capacity of precipitates precipitated in the presence of iodine was higher than that of those without iodine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narpinder Singh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India.
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39
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Wang Q, Xian W, Li S, Liu C, Padua GW. Topography and biocompatibility of patterned hydrophobic/hydrophilic zein layers. Acta Biomater 2008; 4:844-51. [PMID: 18325861 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2008.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2007] [Revised: 01/08/2008] [Accepted: 01/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The topography and biocompatibility of zein layers adsorbed on patterned templates containing hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions were investigated. Nanopatterned templates consisting of hydrophilic lines on a hydrophobic background were drawn by dip-pen nanolithography (DPN) on gold-coated surfaces. 16-Mercaptohexadecanoic acid (COOH(CH(2))(15)SH, MHA) was used as primary ink to generate hydrophilic lines. Unpatterned surfaces were backfilled with 18-octadecanethiol (CH(3)(CH(2))(17)SH, ODT), which generated hydrophobic regions. Zein was allowed to adsorb on patterned surfaces from alcohol-water solutions. The topography of zein deposits was observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Height profiles from AFM measurements revealed that zein deposits followed closely the nanopatterned templates. The biocompatibility of zein layers assembled over hydrophilic/hydrophobic micropatterned templates was investigated. Templates containing MHA lines and ODT regions were generated by micro-contact printing (microCP). Mouse fibroblasts seeded on patterned zein layers proliferated on zein deposited over MHA lines, but not on zein over ODT. The experiment indicated that fibroblast cells were able to respond to variations in the underlying surface chemistry, transmitted by the different orientation adopted by zein on the different substrates. This property may be useful in controlling the spatial distribution of cells on patterned protein layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 382/D AESB, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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40
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Kim S. Processing and properties of gluten/zein composite. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2008; 99:2032-6. [PMID: 17482808 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2006] [Revised: 02/27/2007] [Accepted: 02/27/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Polymer composites have been formed by mixing component materials in extruders or compression molds. Agricultural biopolymers are usually mixtures of several compounds; however, high-temperature processing can cause unwanted consequences such as decomposition, gas generation, and phase-separation. This report introduces a new technology to form biodegradable polymer composites that can replace existing petroleum-based polymers. With this newly developed process, polymer composites are produced at room temperature. During the process, micrometer-scale raw materials are coated with zein, which has strong adhesive properties, and are then compressed to form a rigid coherent material. Since this technique does not require purification of the raw materials, various types of compounds can be used as component materials. In this report, wheat protein, gluten, was used as a matrix material. The compressive yield strength of the product formed from gluten is ca. 40 MPa, comparable to that of polypropylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghoon Kim
- National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604, USA.
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41
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Wang Q, Yin L, Padua GW. Effect of Hydrophilic and Lipophilic Compounds on Zein Microstructures. FOOD BIOPHYS 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11483-008-9080-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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42
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Kruger Woods K, Selling GW. Melt reaction of zein with glyoxal to improve tensile strength and reduce solubility. J Appl Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/app.28334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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43
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44
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Hou Y, Chen J, Sun P, Gan Z, Zhang G. In situ investigations on enzymatic degradation of poly(ɛ-caprolactone). POLYMER 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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45
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Subramanian S, Sampath S. Adsorption of Zein on Surfaces with Controlled Wettability and Thermal Stability of Adsorbed Zein Films. Biomacromolecules 2007; 8:2120-8. [PMID: 17567169 DOI: 10.1021/bm0701999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Adsorption characteristics of zein protein on hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces have been investigated to understand the orientation changes associated with the protein structure on a surface. The protein is adsorbed by a self-assembly procedure on a monolayer-modified gold surface. It is observed that zein shows higher affinity toward hydrophilic than hydrophobic surfaces on the basis of the initial adsorption rate followed by quartz crystal microbalance studies. Reflection absorption infrared (RAIR) spectroscopic studies reveal the orientation changes associated with the adsorbed zein films. Upon adsorption, the protein is found to be denatured and the transformation of alpha-helix to beta-sheet form is inferred. This transformation is pronounced when the protein is adsorbed on hydrophobic surfaces as compared to hydrophilic surfaces. Electrochemical techniques (cyclic voltammetry and impedance techniques) are very useful in assessing the permeability of zein film. It is observed that the zein moieties adsorbed on hydrophilic surfaces are highly impermeable in nature and act as a barrier for small molecules. The topographical features of the deposits before and after adsorption are analyzed by atomic force microscopy. The protein adsorbed on hydrophilic surface shows rod- and disclike features that are likely to be the base units for the growth of cylindrical structures of zein. The thermal stability of the adsorbed zein film has been followed by variable-temperature RAIR measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Subramanian
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
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46
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Selling GW, Hamaker SAH, Sessa DJ. Effect of Solvent and Temperature on Secondary and Tertiary Structure of Zein by Circular Dichroism. Cereal Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-84-3-0265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gordon W. Selling
- Plant Polymer Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL 61604-3902. Names are necessary to report factually on available data; however, the USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standards of the product, and the use of the name by the USDA implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Sharon A. H. Hamaker
- Plant Polymer Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL 61604-3902. Names are necessary to report factually on available data; however, the USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standards of the product, and the use of the name by the USDA implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable
| | - David J. Sessa
- Plant Polymer Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL 61604-3902. Names are necessary to report factually on available data; however, the USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standards of the product, and the use of the name by the USDA implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable
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47
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Lakshmanan M, Dhathathreyan A. Langmuir and Langmuir–Blodgett films of proline-rich N-terminal domain peptide of γ-zein. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2007; 55:185-91. [PMID: 17207974 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2006.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2006] [Revised: 11/20/2006] [Accepted: 11/30/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The proline-rich N-Terminal domain peptides of gamma-zein (VHLPPP)(n) with n=1 and 3 (peptides I and II) are shown to form stable Langmuir films at air/water interface and the films have been characterized using surface pressure-molecular area (pi-A), surface potential-molecular area (DeltaV-A) isotherms, respectively. The longer peptide sequence does not show dramatic increase in surface or interfacial properties suggesting that the minimum length of n=1 is sufficient to achieve the necessary surface properties. Brewster angle micrographs also agreed with these results. The high surface-active nature of the peptide suggests a fairly non-polar character at air/water interface and at solid/air interface when coated expresses a high surface energy. Additives such as isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with the peptides showed more homogenous films at the air/water interface and also improved mechanical and tensile properties. The organized assembly of peptide I at the air/water and solid/air interface suggests that even thin layer of the peptide could play an important role in coating the inner surface of protein body membrane in storage proteins. Composite films of such short peptides with biocompatible polymers may find applications as surface coatings and in biomaterials.
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48
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Xiang J, Guo J, Zhou F. Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy Combined with Surface Plasmon Resonance: Studies of Localized Film Thickness Variations and Molecular Conformation Changes. Anal Chem 2006; 78:1418-24. [PMID: 16503589 DOI: 10.1021/ac051601h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The combination of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is described. By oxidizing ferrocenylalkanethiol self-assembled monolayer (SAM) with SECM-generated Ce4+, the coupled technique, SECM-SPR, is shown to be viable for determining local variations in thin film thickness. Factors (tip/substrate distance, tip potential scan rate, and solution composition change) affecting the SECM-SPR response and operation are also discussed. The approach was further extended to the determination of conformational changes of cytochrome c molecules attached electrostatically onto a negatively charged SAM during its reduction by the tip-generated methyl viologen monocation. The high sensitivity of the SPR equipped with a bicell detector facilitates the measurement of infinitesimal film thickness changes accompanying redox reactions, while the SECM provides a means to obviate the necessity of applying a potential to the SPR substrate, which tends to cause unwanted interferences and complications. The approach also affords an avenue for determining film thickness variations that are not subject to certain effects, such as the surface charge, the heterogeneity of the substrate, and the distance between the redox center of the immobilized molecule and the underlying substrate electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Xiang
- Institute of Surface Analysis and Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
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49
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Wang Q, Wang Q, Wang X, Padua GW. Zein dynamic adsorption to carboxylic and alkyl coated surfaces. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2006; 54:517-22. [PMID: 16417314 DOI: 10.1021/jf051545l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption of a commercial zein sample on carboxylic (COOH) and alkyl (CH(3)) surfaces was monitored by high time resolution surface plasmon resonance. Zein showed higher affinity and higher mass adsorption on carboxylic than alkyl surfaces. A zein layer specific for each surface was obtained after flushing off loosely bound zein with 75% 2-propanol solutions. Zein deposits were examined under atomic force microscopy. Differences in layer thickness between carboxylic and alkyl surfaces were explained in terms of zein adsorption footprint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, 382/D AESB, 1304 West Pennsylvania Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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Wang Y, Filho FL, Geil P, Padua GW. Effects of Processing on the Structure of Zein/Oleic Acid Films Investigated by X-Ray Diffraction. Macromol Biosci 2005; 5:1200-8. [PMID: 16315186 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200500140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Zein films plasticized with oleic acid were formed by solution casting, by the stretching of moldable resins, and by blown film extrusion. The effects of the forming process on film structure were investigated by X-ray diffraction. Wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) patterns showed d-spacings at 4.5 and 10 A, which were attributed to the zein alpha-helix backbone and inter-helix packing, respectively. The 4.5 A d-spacing remained stable under processing while the 10 A d-spacing varied with processing treatment. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) detected a long-range periodicity for the formed films but not for unprocessed zein, which suggests that the forming process-promoted film structure development is possibly aided by oleic acid. The SAXS d-spacing varied among the samples (130-238 A) according to zein origin and film-forming method. X-ray scattering data suggest that the zein molecular structure resists processing but the zein supramolecular arrangements in the formed films are dependent on processing methods. Structural model for a zein molecular aggregate (based on Matsushima et al.10). Rectangular prisms of individual zein molecules are hexagonally aligned parallel to each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 W. Pennsylvania Ave., AESB, 382/D, Urbana, IL61801, USA
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