1
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Lima MRN, Le KPN, Chakhalian D, Mao Y, Kohn J, Devore DI. Tyrosine-derived polymeric surfactant nanospheres insert cholesterol in cell membranes. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 644:264-274. [PMID: 37120875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The design of biodegradable tyrosine-derived polymeric surfactants (TyPS) through the use of calculated thermodynamic parameters could lead to phospholipid membrane surface modifiers capable of controlling cellular properties such as viability. Delivery of cholesterol by TyPS nanospheres into membrane phospholipid domains could provide further controlled modulation of membrane physical and biological properties. EXPERIMENT Calculated Hansen solubility parameters (∂T) and hydrophile:lipophile balances (HLB) were applied to design and synthesize a small family of diblock and triblock TyPS with different hydrophobic blocks and PEG hydrophilic blocks. Self-assembled TyPS/cholesterol nanospheres were prepared in aqueous media via co-precipitation. Cholesterol loading and Langmuir film balance surface pressures of phospholipid monolayers were obtained. TyPS and TyPS/cholesterol nanosphere effects on human dermal cell viability were evaluated by cell culture using poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and Poloxamer 188 as controls. FINDINGS Stable TyPS nanospheres incorporated between 1% and 5% cholesterol. Triblock TyPS formed nanosphere with dimensions significantly smaller than diblock TyPS nanospheres. In accord calculated thermodynamic parameters, cholesterol binding increased with increasing TyPS hydrophobicity. TyPS inserted into phospholipid monolayer films in a manner consistent with their thermodynamic properties and TyPS/cholesterol nanospheres delivered cholesterol into the films. Triblock TyPS/cholesterol nanospheres increased human dermal cell viability, which was indicative of potentially beneficial TyPS effects on cell membrane surface properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana R N Lima
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, 123 Bevier Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
| | - Kim-Phuong N Le
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, 123 Bevier Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
| | - Daniel Chakhalian
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, 123 Bevier Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
| | - Yong Mao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, 123 Bevier Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
| | - Joachim Kohn
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, 123 Bevier Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
| | - David I Devore
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, 123 Bevier Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, 599 Taylor Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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2
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Jain S, John A, George CE, Johnson RP. Tyrosine-Derived Polymers as Potential Biomaterials: Synthesis Strategies, Properties, and Applications. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:531-565. [PMID: 36702743 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Peptide-based polymers are evolving as promising materials for various biomedical applications. Among peptide-based polymers, polytyrosine (PTyr)-based and l-tyrosine (Tyr)-derived polymers are unique, due to their excellent biocompatibility, degradability, and functional as well as engineering properties. To date, different polymerization techniques (ring-opening polymerization, enzymatic polymerization, condensation polymerization, solution-interfacial polymerization, and electropolymerization) have been used to synthesize various PTyr-based and Tyr-derived polymers. Even though the synthesis starts from Tyr, different synthesis routes yield different polymers (polypeptides, polyarylates, polyurethanes, polycarbonates, polyiminocarbonate, and polyphosphates) with unique functional characteristics, and these polymers have been successfully used for various biomedical applications in the past decades. This Review comprehensively describes the synthesis approaches, classification, and properties of various PTyr-based and Tyr-derived polymers employed in drug delivery, tissue engineering, and biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Jain
- Polymer Nanobiomaterial Research Laboratory, Nanoscience and Microfluidics Division, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka 575018, India
| | - Alona John
- Polymer Nanobiomaterial Research Laboratory, Nanoscience and Microfluidics Division, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka 575018, India
| | - Christina Elizhabeth George
- Polymer Nanobiomaterial Research Laboratory, Nanoscience and Microfluidics Division, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka 575018, India
| | - Renjith P Johnson
- Polymer Nanobiomaterial Research Laboratory, Nanoscience and Microfluidics Division, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka 575018, India
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3
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Zhang M, Hong S, Sun X, Zhou Y, Luo Y, Liu L, Wang J, Wang C, Lin N, Li X. Exploration of and insights into advanced topical nanocarrier systems for the treatment of psoriasis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1017126. [PMID: 36590975 PMCID: PMC9797688 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1017126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with an underlying autoimmune pathogenesis that has brought great distress to patients. Current treatment options include topical therapy, systemic therapy, and phototherapy. By disrupting the stratum corneum, nanocarriers have unique advantages in allowing drug carriers to be tailored to achieve targeted drug delivery, improve efficacy, and minimize adverse effects. Furthermore, despite their limited success in market translatability, nanocarriers have been extensively studied for psoriasis, owing to their excellent preclinical results. As topical formulations are the first line of treatment, utilize the safest route, and facilitate a targeted approach, this study, we specifically describes the management of psoriasis using topical agents in conjunction with novel drug delivery systems. The characteristics, advantages, weaknesses, and mechanisms of individual nanocarriers, when applied as topical anti-psoriatic agents, were reviewed to distinguish each nanocarrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Seokgyeong Hong
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoying Sun
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaqiong Zhou
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liu Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxiao Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Naixuan Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Xin Li,
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Chandra Joshi D, Ashokan A, Jayakannan M. l-Amino Acid Based Phenol- and Catechol-Functionalized Poly(ester-urethane)s for Aromatic π-Interaction Driven Drug Stabilization and Their Enzyme-Responsive Delivery in Cancer Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:5432-5444. [PMID: 36318654 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Exploiting aromatic π-interaction for the stabilization of polyaromatic anticancer drugs at the core of the polymer nanoassemblies is an elegant approach for drug delivery in cancer research. To demonstrate this concept, here we report one of the first attempts on enzyme-responsive polymers from aryl-unit containing amino acid bioresources such as l-tyrosine and 3,4-dihydroxy-l-phenylalanine (l-DOPA). A silyl ether protection strategy was adopted to make melt polymerizable monomers, which were subjected to solvent free melt polycondensation to produce silyl-protected poly(ester-urethane)s. Postpolymerization deprotection yielded phenol- and catechol-functionalized poly(ester-urethane)s with appropriate amphiphilicity and produced 100 ± 10 nm size nanoparticles in an aqueous solution. The aromatic π-core in the nanoparticle turns out to be the main driving force for the successful encapsulation of anticancer drugs such as doxorubicin (DOX) and topotecan (TPT). The electron-rich catechol aromatic unit in l-DOPA was found to be unique in stabilizing the DOX and TPT, whereas its l-tyrosine counterpart was found to exhibit limited success. Aromatic π-interactions between l-DOPA and anticancer drug molecules were established by probing the fluorescence characteristics of the drug-polymer chain interactions. Lysosomal enzymatic biodegradation of the poly(ester-urethane) backbone disassembled the nanoparticles and released the loaded drugs at the cellular level. The nascent polymer was nontoxic in breast cancer (MCF7) and WT-MEF cell lines, whereas its DOX and TPT loaded nanoparticles showed remarkable cell growth inhibition. A LysoTracker-assisted confocal microscopic imaging study directly evidenced the polymer nanoparticles' biodegradation at the intracellular level. The present investigation gives an opportunity to design aromatic π-interaction driven drug stabilization in l-amino acid based polymer nanocarriers for drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dheeraj Chandra Joshi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER Pune), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Akash Ashokan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER Pune), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Manickam Jayakannan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER Pune), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
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5
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Nanosphere size control by varying the ratio of poly(ester amide) block copolymer blends. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 623:247-256. [PMID: 35588632 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.03.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Blending amphiphilic triblock (A-B-A) and diblock (A-B) copolymers comprised of the same hydrophobic tyrosine-derived oligomeric B-block and hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether (mPEG) A-block can provide highly tunable self-assembled nanosphere particle sizes suitable for biomedical applications. EXPERIMENT Triblock and diblock copolymers were synthesized via carbodiimide chemistry and were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The amount of free PEG present in the purified copolymers was determined using a standard addition calibration curve and GPC peak deconvolution methods. Nanospheres were prepared by co-precipitation of each copolymer and of copolymer blends over a range of mole ratios. Nanospheres were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and % polymer recovery post-preparation. FINDING Precise synthesis control produced triblock and diblock copolymers with narrow molecular weight distributions and minimal residual reactants. Self-assembled nanosphere particle sizes were 33 nm for the triblock and 129 nm for the diblock, and the size of their blends increased continuously as a function of mole ratio within that biomedically relevant range. Addition of unreacted PEG had minimal impact on either triblock or diblock nanosphere particle sizes whereas addition of unreacted oligomeric B-block increased nanosphere sizes.
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6
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Miles CE, Gwin C, Zubris KAV, Gormley AJ, Kohn J. Tyrosol Derived Poly(ester-arylate)s for Sustained Drug Delivery from Microparticles. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:2580-2591. [PMID: 34010557 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
New biodegradable polymers are needed for use in drug delivery systems to overcome the high burst release, lack of sustained drug release, and acidic degradation products frequently observed in current formulations. Commercially available poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) is often used for particle drug release formulations; however, it is often limited by its large burst release and acidic degradation products. Therefore, a biocompatible and biodegradable tyrosol-derived poly(ester-arylate) library has been used to prepare a microparticle drug delivery system which shows sustained delivery of hydrophobic drugs. Studies were performed using polymers with varying hydrophilicity and thermal properties and compared to PLGA. Various drug solubilizing cosolvents were used to load model drugs curcumin, dexamethasone, nicotinamide, and acyclovir. Hydrophobic drugs curcumin and dexamethasone were successfully loaded up to 50 weight percent (wt %), and a linear correlation between drug wt % loaded and the particle glass transition temperature (Tg) was observed. Both curcumin and dexamethasone were visible on the particle surface at 20 wt % loading and higher. By adjusting the polymer concentration during particle formation, release rates were able to be controlled. Release studies of dexamethasone loaded particles with a lower polymer concentration showed a biphasic release profile and complete release after 47 days. Particles prepared using a higher polymer concentration showed sustained release for up to 77 days. Comparably, PLGA showed a traditional triphasic release profile and complete release after 63 days. This novel tyrosol-derived poly(ester-arylate) library can be used to develop injectable, long-term release formulations capable of providing sustained drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E Miles
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Christine Gwin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Kimberly Ann V Zubris
- Lubrizol Life Science Health, 3894 Courtney Street, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18017, United States
| | - Adam J Gormley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Joachim Kohn
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
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7
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Cohen J, Shultz RB, Mullaghy A, Gwin C, Kohn J. Bioresorbable
tyrosol‐derived
poly(ester‐arylate)s with tunable properties. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jarrod Cohen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Rutgers – The State University of New Jersey Piscataway New Jersey USA
| | - Robert B. Shultz
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Rutgers – The State University of New Jersey Piscataway New Jersey USA
- Department of Neurosurgery University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Andrew Mullaghy
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Rutgers – The State University of New Jersey Piscataway New Jersey USA
| | - Christine Gwin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Rutgers – The State University of New Jersey Piscataway New Jersey USA
| | - Joachim Kohn
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Rutgers – The State University of New Jersey Piscataway New Jersey USA
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8
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Ramanunny AK, Wadhwa S, Gulati M, Singh SK, Kapoor B, Dureja H, Chellappan DK, Anand K, Dua K, Khursheed R, Awasthi A, Kumar R, Kaur J, Corrie L, Pandey NK. Nanocarriers for treatment of dermatological diseases: Principle, perspective and practices. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 890:173691. [PMID: 33129787 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Skin diseases are the fourth leading non-fatal skin conditions that act as a burden and affect the world economy globally. This condition affects the quality of a patient's life and has a pronounced impact on both their physical and mental state. Treatment of these skin conditions with conventional approaches shows a lack of efficacy, long treatment duration, recurrence of conditions, systemic side effects, etc., due to improper drug delivery. However, these pitfalls can be overcome with the applications of nanomedicine-based approaches that provide efficient site-specific drug delivery at the target site. These nanomedicine-based strategies are evolved as potential treatment opportunities in the form of nanocarriers such as polymeric and lipidic nanocarriers, nanoemulsions along with emerging others viz. carbon nanotubes for dermatological treatment. The current review focuses on challenges faced by the existing conventional treatments along with the topical therapeutic perspective of nanocarriers in treating various skin diseases. A total of 213 articles have been reviewed and the application of different nanocarriers in treating various skin diseases has been explained in detail through case studies of previously published research works. The toxicity related aspects of nanocarriers are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sheetu Wadhwa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India.
| | - Bhupinder Kapoor
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Harish Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Krishnan Anand
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences and National Health Laboratory Service, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Rubiya Khursheed
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Ankit Awasthi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Rajan Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Jaskiran Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Leander Corrie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Narendra Kumar Pandey
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
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9
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Chakhalian D, Shultz RB, Miles CE, Kohn J. Opportunities for biomaterials to address the challenges of COVID-19. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 108:1974-1990. [PMID: 32662571 PMCID: PMC7405498 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has revealed major shortcomings in our ability to mitigate transmission of infectious viral disease and provide treatment to patients, resulting in a public health crisis. Within months of the first reported case in China, the virus has spread worldwide at an unprecedented rate. COVID-19 illustrates that the biomaterials community was engaged in significant research efforts against bacteria and fungi with relatively little effort devoted to viruses. Accordingly, biomaterials scientists and engineers will have to participate in multidisciplinary antiviral research over the coming years. Although tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have historically dominated the field of biomaterials, current research holds promise for providing transformative solutions to viral outbreaks. To facilitate collaboration, it is imperative to establish a mutual language and adequate understanding between clinicians, industry partners, and research scientists. In this article, clinical perspectives are shared to clearly define emerging healthcare needs that can be met by biomaterials solutions. Strategies and opportunities for novel biomaterials intervention spanning diagnostics, treatment strategies, vaccines, and virus-deactivating surface coatings are discussed. Ultimately this review serves as a call for the biomaterials community to become a leading contributor to the prevention and management of the current and future viral outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Chakhalian
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyRutgers – The State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA
| | - Robert B. Shultz
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyRutgers – The State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Catherine E. Miles
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyRutgers – The State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA
| | - Joachim Kohn
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyRutgers – The State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA
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10
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Gama AR, Ng ZY, Shanmugarajah K, Mastroianni M, Randolph MA, Lellouch AG, Kohn J, Cetrulo CL. Local Immunosuppression for Vascularized Composite Allografts: Application of Topical FK506-TyroSpheres in a Nonhuman Primate Model. J Burn Care Res 2020; 41:1172-1178. [DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/iraa062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Transplantation of vascularized composite allografts (VCAs) provides a means of restoring complex anatomical and functional units following burns and other disfigurement otherwise not amenable to conventional autologous reconstructive surgery. While short- to intermediate-term VCA survival is largely dependent on patient compliance with medication, the myriad of side effects resulting from lifelong systemic immunosuppression continue to pose a significant challenge. Topical immunosuppression is therefore a logical and attractive alternative for VCA. Current formulations are limited though, by poor skin penetration but this may be mitigated by conjugation of immunosuppressive drugs to TyroSpheres for enhanced delivery. Therefore, we investigated the topical application of FK506-TyroSpheres (in the form of a gel dressing) in a clinically relevant nonhuman primate VCA model to determine if allograft survival could be prolonged at reduced levels of maintenance systemic immunosuppression. Six Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)-mismatched cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) served as reciprocal donors and recipients of radial forearm fasciocutaneous flaps. Standard Bacitracin ointment and FK506-TyroSpheres were applied every other day to the VCAs of animals in groups 1 (controls, n = 2) and 2 (experimental, n = 4), respectively, before gradual taper of systemic FK506. Clinical features of VCA rejection still developed when systemic FK506 fell below 10 ng/ml despite application of FK506-TyroSpheres and prolonged VCA survival was not achieved. However, unwanted systemic FK506 absorption was avoided with TyroSphere technology. Further refinement to optimize local drug delivery profiles to achieve and maintain therapeutic delivery of FK506 with TyroSpheres is underway, leveraging significant experience in controlled drug delivery to mitigate acute rejection of VCAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amon-Ra Gama
- Department of Surgery, Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery University, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark
| | - Zhi Yang Ng
- Department of Surgery, Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Kumaran Shanmugarajah
- Department of Surgery, Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Melissa Mastroianni
- Department of Surgery, Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Mark A Randolph
- Department of Surgery, Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Alexandre G Lellouch
- Department of Surgery, Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery. Service de Chirurgie Plastique, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Joachim Kohn
- Department of Life Sciences, The New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers—The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway
| | - Curtis L Cetrulo
- Department of Surgery, Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
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11
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Shi L, Hu W, He Y, Ke Y, Wu G, Xiao M, Huang L, Tan S. Preparation and Characterization of Poly(ethylene glycol)-block-Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)-block-Poly(ethylene glycol) Triblock Copolymers. Macromol Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-020-8005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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12
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Patel A, Lima MRN, Cho HY, Lee KB, Murthy NS, Kohn J. Disassembly of Nanospheres with a PEG Shell upon Adsorption onto PEGylated Substrates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:232-241. [PMID: 31825622 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric nanospheres have the ability to encapsulate drugs and are therefore widely used in drug delivery applications. Structural transformations that affect drug release from nanospheres are governed by the surrounding environment. To understand these effects, we investigated the adsorption behavior of three types of nanospheres onto model surfaces using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) and by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Substrates were prepared from polymers with different degrees of PEGylation (0, 1, and 15%). Nanospheres were prepared via self-assembly of block copolymers. Tyrosine-derived nanospheres are A-B-A triblock copolymers with methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as the A-blocks and an alternating copolymer of desaminotyrosyl-tyrosine octyl ester and suberic acid oligo(DTO-SA) as the B-block. On non-PEGylated substrates, these nanospheres assembled into a close-packed structure; on PEGylated substrates, the adsorbed nanospheres formed a continuous film, thinner than the size of the nanospheres suggesting unraveling of the PEG corona and disassembly of the nanospheres. Also, the adsorption was concentration-dependent, the final thickness being attained at exponentially longer times at lower concentrations. Such substrate- and concentration-dependent behavior was not observed with Pluronic F-127 and PEG-poly(caprolactone) (PCL) nanospheres. Since the essential difference among the three nanospheres is the composition of the core, we conclude that the core influences the adsorption characteristics of the nanospheres as a consequence of their disassembly upon adsorption. These results are expected to be useful in designing nanospheres for their efficient transport across vascular barriers and for delivering drugs to their targets.
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Raj S, Khurana S, Choudhari R, Kesari KK, Kamal MA, Garg N, Ruokolainen J, Das BC, Kumar D. Specific targeting cancer cells with nanoparticles and drug delivery in cancer therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 69:166-177. [PMID: 31715247 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has been the latest approach for diagnosis and treatment for cancer, which opens up a new alternative therapeutic drug delivery option to treat disease. Nanoparticles (NPs) display a broad role in cancer diagnosis and has various advantages over the other conventional chemotherapeutic drug delivery. NPs possess more specific and efficient drug delivery to the targeted tissue, cell, or organs and minimize the risk of side effects. NPs undergo passive and active mode of drug targets to tumor area with less elimination of the drug from the system. Size and surface characteristics of nanoparticles play a crucial role in modulating nanocarrier efficiency and the biodistribution of chemo drugs in the body. Several types of nanocarriers, such as polymers, dendrimers, liposome-based, and carbon-based, are studied widely in cancer therapy. Although FDA approved very few nanotechnology drugs for cancer therapy, a large number of studies are undergoing for the development of novel nanocarriers for potent cancer therapy. In this review, we discuss the details of the nano-based therapeutics and diagnostics strategies, and the potential use of nanomedicines in cancer therapy and cancer drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibi Raj
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201313, India
| | - Sartaj Khurana
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201313, India; Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201313, India
| | - Ramesh Choudhari
- Center of Emphasis in Cancer, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Translation Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX 79905, United States; Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, 586103, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia; Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW, 2770, Australia; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
| | - Neha Garg
- School of Basic Sciences, IIT Mandi, HP, India
| | - Janne Ruokolainen
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| | - Bhudev C Das
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201313, India
| | - Dhruv Kumar
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201313, India.
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Tabet A, Wang C. Gels without Vapor Pressure: Soft, Nonaqueous, and Solvent-Free Supramolecular Biomaterials for Prospective Parenteral Drug Delivery Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1800908. [PMID: 30450824 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The engineering advantages of soft, nonaqueous, solvent-free supramolecular materials have resulted in their emerging transition and adoption from a predominantly food, cosmetics, and paint industry-driven technology to biocompatible matrices for parenteral drug delivery. Factors that have contributed to this trend are the drastic increase of hydrophobic and combination drugs in the pharmaceutical pipeline and the limitations of hydrated drug delivery materials with regard to poorly soluble drugs and biologics. This review highlights examples of nonaqueous, soft supramolecular materials, illustrates molecular engineering principles that may give rise to novel structures and unique properties, and explores emerging opportunities of application of these materials in parenteral drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Tabet
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55414 USA
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer SynthesisDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55414 USA
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Carter P, Narasimhan B, Wang Q. Biocompatible nanoparticles and vesicular systems in transdermal drug delivery for various skin diseases. Int J Pharm 2019; 555:49-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Ramezanli T, Michniak-Kohn BB. Development and Characterization of a Topical Gel Formulation of Adapalene-TyroSpheres and Assessment of Its Clinical Efficacy. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:3813-3822. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tannaz Ramezanli
- Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers—The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
- Center for Dermal Research, Rutgers—The State University of New Jersey, 145 Bevier Roa, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Bozena B. Michniak-Kohn
- Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers—The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
- Center for Dermal Research, Rutgers—The State University of New Jersey, 145 Bevier Roa, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
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18
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Murthy NS, Zhang Z, Borsadia S, Kohn J. Nanospheres with a smectic hydrophobic core and an amorphous PEG hydrophilic shell: structural changes and implications for drug delivery. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:1327-1335. [PMID: 29372231 PMCID: PMC5929128 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm02472j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The structure of nanospheres with a crystalline core and an amorphous diffuse shell was investigated by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), small-, medium-, and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS, MAXS and WAXS), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Nanospheres, 28 to 35 nm in diameter, were prepared from a triblock copolymer with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrophilic end-blocks and oligomers of alternating desaminotyrosyl-tyrosine octyl ester (DTO) and suberic acid (SA) as the central hydrophobic block. In the lyophilized nanospheres, the diffraction patterns show that the PEG shell is ∼10 nm in thickness and crystalline, and the hydrophobic core is ∼10 nm in diameter with a smectic liquid crystalline texture. In aqueous dispersions, the hydrated PEG forms an amorphous shell, but the crystalline phase in the core persists at concentrations down to 1 mg ml-1 as evidenced by the sharp MAXS diffraction peak at a d-spacing of 24.4 Å and a melting endotherm at 40 °C. As the dispersion is diluted (<1 mg ml-1), the core becomes less ordered, and its diameter decreases by 50% even though the overall size of the nanosphere remains essentially unchanged. It is likely that below a critical concentration, intermixing of hydrophobic segments with the PEG segments reduces the size and the crystallinity of the core. At these concentrations, the PEG corona forms a eutectic with water. The mechanisms by which the concentration of the dispersion influences the structure of the nanospheres, and consequently their drug-release characteristics, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sanjeeva Murthy
- New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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19
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Szczeblinska J, Fijalkowski K, Kohn J, El Fray M. Antibiotic loaded microspheres as antimicrobial delivery systems for medical applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 77:69-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Ramezanli T, Kilfoyle BE, Zhang Z, Michniak-Kohn BB. Polymeric nanospheres for topical delivery of vitamin D3. Int J Pharm 2016; 516:196-203. [PMID: 27810351 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.10.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the potential application of polymeric nanospheres (known as TyroSpheres) as a formulation carrier for topical delivery of cholecalciferol (i.e., Vitamin D3, VD3) with the goal to improve the skin delivery and stability of VD3. High drug loading and binding efficiencies were obtained for VD3 when loaded in TyroSpheres. VD3 was released from TyroSpheres in a sustained manner and was delivered across the stratum corneum, which occurred independent of the initial drug loading. An ex vivo skin distribution study showed that TyroSphere formulations delivered 3-10μg of active into the epidermis which was significantly higher than that delivered from Transcutol® (the control vehicle). In addition, an in vitro cytotoxicity assay using keratinocytes confirmed that VD3 encapsulation in the nanoparticles did not alter the drug activity. Photodegradation of VD3 followed zero-order kinetics. TyroSpheres were able to protect the active against hydrolysis and photodegradation, significantly enhancing the stability of VD3 in the topical formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tannaz Ramezanli
- Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Center for Dermal Research, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, 145 Bevier Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Brian E Kilfoyle
- Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; The New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, 145 Bevier Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Zheng Zhang
- The New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, 145 Bevier Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Mosaic Biosciences, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Bozena B Michniak-Kohn
- Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Center for Dermal Research, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, 145 Bevier Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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21
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Goyal R, Macri LK, Kaplan HM, Kohn J. Nanoparticles and nanofibers for topical drug delivery. J Control Release 2016; 240:77-92. [PMID: 26518723 PMCID: PMC4896846 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This review provides the first comprehensive overview of the use of both nanoparticles and nanofibers for topical drug delivery. Researchers have explored the use of nanotechnology, specifically nanoparticles and nanofibers, as drug delivery systems for topical and transdermal applications. This approach employs increased drug concentration in the carrier, in order to increase drug flux into and through the skin. Both nanoparticles and nanofibers can be used to deliver hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs and are capable of controlled release for a prolonged period of time. The examples presented provide significant evidence that this area of research has - and will continue to have - a profound impact on both clinical outcomes and the development of new products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Goyal
- New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 145 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Lauren K Macri
- New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 145 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Hilton M Kaplan
- New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 145 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Joachim Kohn
- New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 145 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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22
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Chudecka-Głaz A, Szczeblińska J, Cymbaluk-Płoska A, Kohn J, El Fray M. New poly(ester-amide) copolymers modified with polyether (PEAE) for anticancer drug encapsulation. J Microencapsul 2016; 33:702-711. [PMID: 27705049 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2016.1228708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
New poly(ester-amide) copolymers modified with polyethers were developed for carboplatin encapsulation. These new copolymers contain hydrophobic blocks made of tyrosine derivative and dimer fatty acid, and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as hydrophilic blocks. Short-term hydrolytic degradation revealed high water absorption, slight increase of pH of simulated body fluid and change of sample shape, which indicated the erosive mechanism of polymers degradation. Poly(ester-amide)-PEG copolymers were used for microspheres preparation and carboplatin encapsulation. A double emulsification process was used to produce microspheres with an average diameter of 20-30 μm. It was found that the amount of drug released was controlled by the molecular mass of PEG used for microspheres preparation. Mathematical models were used to elucidate the release mechanism of the carboplatin from the microspheres. The results demonstrate that poly(ester-amide)-PEG copolymers may be used for targeted carboplatin encapsulation and release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Chudecka-Głaz
- a Chair and Department of Gynaecological Surgery and Gynaecological Oncology of Adults and Adolescents , Pomeranian Medical University , Szczecin , Poland
| | - Joanna Szczeblińska
- b Division of Biomaterials and Microbiological Technologies , West Pomeranian University of Technology, Nanotechnology Centre for Research and Education , Szczecin , Poland
| | - Aneta Cymbaluk-Płoska
- a Chair and Department of Gynaecological Surgery and Gynaecological Oncology of Adults and Adolescents , Pomeranian Medical University , Szczecin , Poland
| | - Joachim Kohn
- c Department of Chemistry, New Jersey Centre for Biomaterials , Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway , NJ , USA
| | - Miroslawa El Fray
- b Division of Biomaterials and Microbiological Technologies , West Pomeranian University of Technology, Nanotechnology Centre for Research and Education , Szczecin , Poland
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23
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Aydin F, Chu X, Uppaladadium G, Devore D, Goyal R, Murthy NS, Zhang Z, Kohn J, Dutt M. Self-Assembly and Critical Aggregation Concentration Measurements of ABA Triblock Copolymers with Varying B Block Types: Model Development, Prediction, and Validation. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:3666-76. [PMID: 27031284 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b12594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulation technique is a coarse-grained (CG) molecular dynamics-based approach that can effectively capture the hydrodynamics of complex systems while retaining essential information about the structural properties of the molecular species. An advantageous feature of DPD is that it utilizes soft repulsive interactions between the beads, which are CG representation of groups of atoms or molecules. In this study, we used the DPD simulation technique to study the aggregation characteristics of ABA triblock copolymers in aqueous medium. Pluronic polymers (PEG-PPO-PEG) were modeled as two segments of hydrophilic beads and one segment of hydrophobic beads. Tyrosine-derived PEG5K-b-oligo(desaminotyrosyl tyrosine octyl ester-suberate)-b-PEG5K (PEG5K-oligo(DTO-SA)-PEG5K) block copolymers possess alternate rigid and flexible components along the hydrophobic oligo(DTO-SA) chain, and were modeled as two segments of hydrophilic beads and one segment of hydrophobic, alternate soft and hard beads. The formation, structure, and morphology of the initial aggregation of the polymer molecules in aqueous medium were investigated by following the aggregation dynamics. The dimensions of the aggregates predicted by the computational approach were in good agreement with corresponding results from experiments, for the Pluronic and PEG5K-oligo(DTO-SA)-PEG5K block copolymers. In addition, DPD simulations were utilized to determine the critical aggregation concentration (CAC), which was compared with corresponding results from an experimental approach. For Pluronic polymers F68, F88, F108, and F127, the computational results agreed well with experimental measurements of the CAC measurements. For PEG5K-b-oligo(DTO-SA)-b-PEG5K block polymers, the complexity in polymer structure made it difficult to directly determine their CAC values via the CG scheme. Therefore, we determined CAC values of a series of triblock copolymers with 3-8 DTO-SA units using DPD simulations, and used these results to predict the CAC values of triblock copolymers with higher molecular weights by extrapolation. In parallel, a PEG5K-b-oligo(DTO-SA)-b-PEG5K block copolymer was synthesized, and the CAC value was determined experimentally using the pyrene method. The experimental CAC value agreed well with the CAC value predicted by simulation. These results validate our CG models, and demonstrate an avenue to simulate and predict aggregation characteristics of ABA amphiphilic triblock copolymers with complex structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fikret Aydin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway 08854, New Jersey, United States
| | - Xiaolei Chu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway 08854, New Jersey, United States
| | - Geetartha Uppaladadium
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway 08854, New Jersey, United States
| | - David Devore
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway 08854, New Jersey, United States
| | - Ritu Goyal
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway 08854, New Jersey, United States
| | - N Sanjeeva Murthy
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway 08854, New Jersey, United States
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway 08854, New Jersey, United States
| | - Joachim Kohn
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway 08854, New Jersey, United States
| | - Meenakshi Dutt
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway 08854, New Jersey, United States
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Formulation Strategy for the Delivery of Cyclosporine A: Comparison of Two Polymeric Nanospheres. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13065. [PMID: 26268451 PMCID: PMC4535033 DOI: 10.1038/srep13065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A wide range of nanoparticles has been explored for the delivery of highly hydrophobic drugs, but very few publications provide comparative data of the performance of different nanoparticles. To address this need, this publication compares poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles and nanospheres made from tyrosine-derived tri-block copolymers (termed TyroSpheres) for their respective performance as carriers for cyclosporine A (CSA). Using previously reported data on PLGA, we followed similar experimental protocols to evaluate the in vitro characteristics of TyroSpheres. Although there are some similarities between the two particle systems for the delivery of CSA, such as effective encapsulation and epidermal skin penetration, several differences were notable. First, the methods of preparation were different, i.e., self-assembly and emulsion-diffusion-evaporation process for TyroSpheres and PLGA, respectively. Second, TyroSpheres provided 7-day diffusion-controlled release, whereas PLGA nanoparticles provided >21-day erosion-controlled release. Third, the size of TyroSpheres was measured to be ~60–70 nm irrespective of drug loading, whereas the size of PLGA nanoparticles (~100–250 nm) was dependent on drug loading and the method of preparation. Overall, this publication provides a direct comparison between two different types of nanoparticles and illuminates the respective advantages and disadvantages, using CSA as a model for the release of highly hydrophobic drugs.
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Gajowy J, Bolikal D, Kohn J, Fray ME. Synthesis and characterization of Fatty acid/amino Acid self-assemblies. J Funct Biomater 2014; 5:211-31. [PMID: 25347356 PMCID: PMC4285403 DOI: 10.3390/jfb5040211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we discuss the synthesis and self-assembling behavior of new copolymers derived from fatty acid/amino acid components, namely dimers of linoleic acid (DLA) and tyrosine derived diphenols containing alkyl ester pendent chains, designated as "R" (DTR). Specific pendent chains were ethyl (E) and hexyl (H). These poly(aliphatic/aromatic-ester-amide)s were further reacted with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(ethylene glycol methyl ether) of different molecular masses, thus resulting in ABA type (hydrophilic-hydrophobic-hydrophilic) triblock copolymers. We used Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies to evaluate the chemical structure of the final materials. The molecular masses were estimated by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) measurements. The self-organization of these new polymeric systems into micellar/nanospheric structures in aqueous environment was evaluated using ultraviolet/visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The polymers were found to spontaneously self-assemble into nanoparticles with sizes in the range 196-239 nm and critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 0.125-0.250 mg/mL. The results are quite promising and these materials are capable of self-organizing into well-defined micelles/nanospheres encapsulating bioactive molecules, e.g., vitamins or antibacterial peptides for antibacterial coatings on medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Gajowy
- Department of Biomaterials and Microbiological Technologies, The West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Al. Piastow 45, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Durgadas Bolikal
- New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 145 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
| | - Joachim Kohn
- New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 145 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
| | - Miroslawa El Fray
- Department of Biomaterials and Microbiological Technologies, The West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Al. Piastow 45, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland.
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Yi N, Lee M. Peptide Micelles for Anti-cancer Drug Delivery in an Intracranial Glioblastoma Animal Model. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2014. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2014.35.10.3030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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27
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Functionalized nanospheres for targeted delivery of paclitaxel. J Control Release 2013; 171:315-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Revised: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Hetzer M, Schmidt BVKJ, Barner‐Kowollik C, Ritter H. Limitations of cyclodextrin‐mediated RAFT homopolymerization and block copolymer formation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Hetzer
- Lehrstuhl für Präparative PolymerchemieInstitut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare ChemieHeinrich‐Heine UniversitätUniversitätsstraße 1Geb. 26.33.0040225Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Bernhard V. K. J. Schmidt
- Preparative Macromolecular ChemistryInstitut für Technische Chemie und PolymerchemieKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraße 1876128Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Christopher Barner‐Kowollik
- Preparative Macromolecular ChemistryInstitut für Technische Chemie und PolymerchemieKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraße 1876128Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Helmut Ritter
- Lehrstuhl für Präparative PolymerchemieInstitut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare ChemieHeinrich‐Heine UniversitätUniversitätsstraße 1Geb. 26.33.0040225Düsseldorf Germany
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Development of paclitaxel-TyroSpheres for topical skin treatment. J Control Release 2012; 163:18-24. [PMID: 22732474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Revised: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 06/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A potential topical psoriasis therapy has been developed consisting of tyrosine-derived nanospheres (TyroSpheres) with encapsulated anti-proliferative paclitaxel. TyroSpheres provide enhancement of paclitaxel solubility (almost 4000 times greater than PBS) by effective encapsulation and enable sustained, dose-controlled release over 72 h under conditions mimicking skin permeation. TyroSpheres offer potential in the treatment of psoriasis, a disease resulting from over-proliferation of keratinocytes in the basal layer of the epidermis, by (a) enabling delivery of paclitaxel into the epidermis at concentrations >100 ng/cm(2) of skin surface area and (b) enhancing the cytotoxicity of loaded paclitaxel to human keratinocytes (IC(50) of paclitaxel-TyroSpheres was approximately 45% lower than that of free paclitaxel). TyroSpheres were incorporated into a gel-like viscous formulation to improve their flow characteristics with no impact on homogeneity, release or skin distribution of the payload. The findings reported here confirm that the TyroSpheres provide a platform for paclitaxel topical administration allowing skin drug localization and minimal systemic escape.
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Sheihet L, Garbuzenko OB, Bushman J, Gounder MK, Minko T, Kohn J. Paclitaxel in tyrosine-derived nanospheres as a potential anti-cancer agent: in vivo evaluation of toxicity and efficacy in comparison with paclitaxel in Cremophor. Eur J Pharm Sci 2012; 45:320-9. [PMID: 22155544 PMCID: PMC5953571 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2011.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Revised: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) has gained widespread clinical use yet its administration is associated with significant toxicity. In the present study, the toxicity and anti-tumor efficacy of tyrosine-derived nanospheres (NSP) for the delivery of PTX was compared to a clinical formulation of PTX in PBS-diluted Cremophor® EL (PTX-CrEL-D). Maximum tolerated dose was determined using a concentration series of PTX in NSP and CrEL-D, with toxicity assessed by measuring changes in body weight. Healthy mice administered PTX-NSP continued to gain weight normally while treatment with PTX-CrEL-D resulted in significant weight loss that failed to recover following treatment. Even at the dose of 50mg/kg, PTX-NSP showed better tolerance than 25mg/kg of PTX-CrEL-D. Xenograft studies of breast cancer revealed that the anti-tumor efficacy of PTX-NSP was equal to that of PTX-CrEL-D in tumors originating from both MDA-MB-435 and ZR-75-1 cancer lines. Larger volume of distribution and longer half-life were measured for PTX-NSP administration compared to those reported in the literature for a CrEL formulation. This trend suggests the potential for improved therapeutic index of PTX when administered via NSP. The findings reported here confirm that the NSP formulation is an efficient method for PTX administration with significant increase in maximum tolerated dose, offering possible clinical implications in the treatment of breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Sheihet
- New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 145 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
| | - Olga B. Garbuzenko
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
| | - Jared Bushman
- New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 145 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
| | - Murugesan K. Gounder
- The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, UMDNJ–Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States
| | - Tamara Minko
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
- The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, UMDNJ–Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States
| | - Joachim Kohn
- New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 145 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
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Dexamethasone-loaded peptide micelles for delivery of the heme oxygenase-1 gene to ischemic brain. J Control Release 2012; 158:131-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Revised: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Kumar S, Dory YL, Lepage M, Zhao Y. Surface-Grafted Stimuli-Responsive Block Copolymer Brushes for the Thermo-, Photo- and pH-Sensitive Release of Dye Molecules. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma2010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Surjith Kumar
- Département de chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
- Département de médecine nucléaire et de radiobiologie and Centre d’imagerie moléculaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Yves L. Dory
- Département de chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Martin Lepage
- Département de médecine nucléaire et de radiobiologie and Centre d’imagerie moléculaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Yue Zhao
- Département de chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
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McMillan J, Batrakova E, Gendelman HE. Cell delivery of therapeutic nanoparticles. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2011; 104:563-601. [PMID: 22093229 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-416020-0.00014-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanomedicine seeks to manufacture drugs and other biologically relevant molecules that are packaged into nanoscale systems for improved delivery. This includes known drugs, proteins, enzymes, and antibodies that have limited clinical efficacy based on delivery, circulating half-lives, or toxicity profiles. The <100 nm nanoscale physical properties afford them a unique biologic potential for biomedical applications. Hence they are attractive systems for treatment of cancer, heart and lung, blood, inflammatory, and infectious diseases. Proposed clinical applications include tissue regeneration, cochlear and retinal implants, cartilage and joint repair, skin regeneration, antimicrobial therapy, correction of metabolic disorders, and targeted drug delivery to diseased sites including the central nervous system. The potential for cell and immune side effects has necessitated new methods for determining formulation toxicities. To realize the potential of nanomedicine from the bench to the patient bedside, our laboratories have embarked on developing cell-based carriage of drug nanoparticles to improve clinical outcomes in infectious and degenerative diseases. The past half decade has seen the development and use of cells of mononuclear phagocyte lineage, including dendritic cells, monocytes, and macrophages, as Trojan horses for carriage of anti-inflammatory and anti-infective medicines. The promise of this new technology and the perils in translating it for clinical use are developed and discussed in this chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- JoEllyn McMillan
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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Topical drug delivery by a polymeric nanosphere gel: Formulation optimization and in vitro and in vivo skin distribution studies. J Control Release 2010; 149:159-67. [PMID: 20950659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2010.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2010] [Revised: 08/26/2010] [Accepted: 10/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosine-derived nanospheres have demonstrated potential as effective carriers for the topical delivery of lipophilic molecules. In this investigation, a gel formulation containing nanospheres was developed for effective skin application and enhanced permeation. Carbopol and HPMC hydrophilic gels were evaluated for dispersion of these nanospheres. Sparingly water soluble diclofenac sodium (DS) and lipophilic Nile Red were used as model compounds. DS was used to determine the optimum polymer type, viscosity and release properties of the gel while fluorescent Nile Red was used in in vitro and in vivo skin distribution studies. In addition, the effect of a penetration enhancer, Azone, on the skin delivery was investigated. Dispersion of Nile Red-loaded nanospheres in 1% w/v HPMC gel produced a uniform and stable dispersion with suitable rheological properties for topical application, without any short-term cellular toxicity or tissue irritation. In vitro permeation studies using human cadaver skin revealed that the deposition of Nile Red via the nanosphere gel in the upper and lower dermis was 1.4 and 1.8 fold higher, respectively, than the amount of Nile Red deposited via an aqueous nanosphere formulation. In vivo, the HPMC gel containing Nile Red-loaded nanospheres significantly enhanced (1.4 fold) the permeation of Nile Red to the porcine stratum corneum/epidermis compared to the aqueous Nile Red-loaded nanospheres. An additional increase (1.4 fold) of Nile Red deposition in porcine stratum corneum/epidermis was achieved by incorporation of Azone (0.2M) into the nanosphere gel formulation. Therefore, tyrosine-derived nanospheres dispersed in gels offer promise for the topical delivery of lipophilic drugs and personal care agents to skin for treatment of cancers, psoriasis, eczema, and microbial infections.
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Aamer KA, Genson KL, Kohn J, Becker ML. Impact of polymer-bound iodine on fibronectin adsorption and osteoblast cell morphology in radiopaque medical polymers: tyrosine-derived polycarbonate blends as a model system. Biomacromolecules 2009; 10:2418-26. [PMID: 19645443 DOI: 10.1021/bm900327b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Imaging of polymer implants during surgical implantations is challenging in that most materials lack sufficient X-ray contrast. Synthetic derivatization with iodine serves to increase the scattering contrast but results in distinct physicochemical properties in the material which influence subsequent protein adsorption and cell morphology behavior. Herein we report the impact of increasing iodine inclusion on the cell morphology (cell area and shape) of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts on a series of homopolymers and discrete blend thin films of poly(desaminotyrosyl tyrosine ethyl ester carbonate), poly(DTE carbonate), and an iodinated analogue poly(I(2)-DTE carbonate). Cell morphology is correlated to film chemical composition via measuring fibronectin (FN) adhesion protein adsorption profile on these films. FN exhibits up to 2-fold greater adsorption affinity for poly(I(2)-DTE carbonate) than (poly(DTE carbonate)). A correlation was established between cell area, roundness, and the measured FN adsorption profile on the blend films up to 75% by mass poly(I(2)-DTE carbonate). Data suggest that incorporation of iodine within the polymer backbone has a distinct impact on the way FN proteins adsorb to the surface and within the studied blend systems; the effect is composition dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled A Aamer
- Polymers Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA.
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36
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Lam R, Ho D. Nanodiamonds as vehicles for systemic and localized drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2009; 6:883-95. [DOI: 10.1517/17425240903156382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Chen M, Pierstorff ED, Lam R, Li SY, Huang H, Osawa E, Ho D. Nanodiamond-mediated delivery of water-insoluble therapeutics. ACS NANO 2009; 3:2016-2022. [PMID: 19534485 DOI: 10.1021/nn900480m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A broad array of water-insoluble compounds has displayed therapeutically relevant properties toward a spectrum of medical and physiological disorders, including cancer and inflammation. However, the continued search for scalable, facile, and biocompatible routes toward mediating the dispersal of these compounds in water has limited their widespread application in medicine. Here we demonstrate a platform approach of water-dispersible, nanodiamond cluster-mediated interactions with several therapeutics to enhance their suspension in water with preserved functionality, thereby enabling novel treatment paradigms that were previously unrealized. These therapeutics include Purvalanol A, a highly promising compound for hepatocarcinoma (liver cancer) treatment, 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT), an emerging drug for the treatment of breast cancer, as well as dexamethasone, a clinically relevant anti-inflammatory that has addressed an entire spectrum of diseases that span complications from blood and brain cancers to rheumatic and renal disorders. Given the scalability of nanodiamond processing and functionalization, this novel approach serves as a facile, broadly impacting and significant route to translate water-insoluble compounds toward treatment-relevant scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Chen
- Departments of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences
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38
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Han SC, He WD, Li J, Li LY, Sun XL, Zhang BY, Pan TT. Reducible polyethylenimine hydrogels with disulfide crosslinkers prepared by michael addition chemistry as drug delivery carriers: Synthesis, properties, and in vitro
release. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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39
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Huang H, Chen M, Bruno P, Lam R, Robinson E, Gruen D, Ho D. Ultrananocrystalline Diamond Thin Films Functionalized with Therapeutically Active Collagen Networks. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:2966-71. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9004086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Houjin Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Departments of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Mark Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Departments of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Paola Bruno
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Departments of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Robert Lam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Departments of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Erik Robinson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Departments of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Dieter Gruen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Departments of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Dean Ho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Departments of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
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40
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Aamer KA, Stafford CM, Richter LJ, Kohn J, Becker ML. Thin Film Elastic Modulus of Degradable Tyrosine-Derived Polycarbonate Biomaterials and Their Blends. Macromolecules 2009; 42:1212-1218. [PMID: 21572899 DOI: 10.1021/ma802115b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The integrity, function, and performance of biomedical devices having thin polymeric coatings are critically dependent on the mechanical properties of the film, including the elastic modulus. In this report, the elastic moduli of several tyrosine-derived polycarbonate thin films, specifically desaminotyrosyl ethyl tyrosine polycarbonates p(DTE carbonate), an iodinated derivative p(I(2)-DTE carbonate), and several discrete blends are measured using a method based on surface wrinkling. The data shows that the elastic modulus does not vary significantly with the blend composition as the weight percentage of p(I(2)-DTE carbonate) increases for films of uniform thickness in the range of 67 to 200 nm. As a function of film thickness, the observed elastic moduli of p(DTE carbonate), p(I(2)-DTE carbonate) and their 50:50 by mass blend show little variation over the range 30 to 200 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled A Aamer
- Polymers Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-854
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41
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Synthesis of amphiphilic diblock copolymers poly[2-(N, N-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-b-poly(stearyl methacrylate) and their self-assembly in mixed solvent. Colloid Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-008-1951-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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42
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Siegwart DJ, Oh JK, Gao H, Bencherif SA, Perineau F, Bohaty AK, Hollinger JO, Matyjaszewski K. Biotin-, Pyrene-, and GRGDS-Functionalized Polymers and Nanogels via ATRP and End Group Modification. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.200800337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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43
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Schmidt HT, Kroczynski M, Maddox J, Chen Y, Josephs R, Ostafin AE. Antibody-conjugated soybean oil-filled calcium phosphate nanoshells for targetted delivery of hydrophobic molecules. J Microencapsul 2007; 23:769-81. [PMID: 17123921 DOI: 10.1080/09687860600945792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Hollow calcium phosphate nanoparticles capable of encapsulating poorly water-soluble molecules were produced by self-assembly. Previously reported were solid calcium phosphate nanoparticles and water-filled calcium phosphate nanocapsules suited for encapsulating mostly hydrophilic, but not hydrophobic compounds. Here, calcium phosphate was deposited around 100 nm diameter, 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate stabilized soybean oil nanoemulsions using either calcium chloride or NaOH titrations to achieve shell thickness between 20-70 nm. The surface was functionalized with carboxylic acid via the addition of carboxyethylphosphonic acid to attach Molecular Probes AB-594C antibody using sulpho-n-hydroxysuccinimide and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride with an efficiency of approximately 70%, while retaining near complete antibody function. Hydrophobic pyrene was encapsulated with an efficiency of 95%, at concentrations much higher than its water solubility limit, and exhibited spectral features characteristic of a hydrophobic environment. These materials can be used in the targeted delivery of many useful, yet poorly water-soluble pharmaceutical and nutraceutical compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- H T Schmidt
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Center for Molecularly Engineered Materials, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
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44
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Abstract
Here we describe the first example of 2 nm gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) covalently functionalized with a chemotherapeutic drug, paclitaxel. The synthetic strategy involves the attachment of a flexible hexaethylene glycol linker at the C-7 position of paclitaxel followed by coupling of the resulting linear analogue to phenol-terminated gold nanocrystals. The reaction proceeds under mild esterification conditions and yields the product with a high molecular weight, while exhibiting an extremely low polydispersity index (1.02, relative to linear polystyrene standards). TGA analysis of the hybrid nanoparticles reveals the content of the covalently attached organic shell as nearly 67% by weight, which corresponds to approximately 70 molecules of paclitaxel per 1 nanoparticle. The presence of a paclitaxel shell with a high grafting density renders the product soluble in organic solvents and allows for detailed (1)H NMR analysis and, therefore, definitive confirmation of its chemical structure. High-resolution TEM was employed for direct visualization of the inorganic core of hybrid nanoparticles, which were found to retain their average size, shape, and high crystallinity after multiple synthetic steps and purifications. The interparticle distance substantially increases after the attachment of paclitaxel as revealed by low-magnification TEM, suggesting the presence of a larger organic shell. The method described here demonstrates that organic molecules with exceedingly complex structures can be covalently attached to gold nanocrystals in a controlled manner and fully characterized by traditional analytical techniques. In addition, this approach gives a rare opportunity to prepare hybrid particles with a well-defined amount of drug and offers a new alternative for the design of nanosized drug-delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob D Gibson
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
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45
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Sheihet L, Chandra P, Batheja P, Devore D, Kohn J, Michniak B. Tyrosine-derived nanospheres for enhanced topical skin penetration. Int J Pharm 2007; 350:312-9. [PMID: 17897801 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2007.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2007] [Revised: 08/14/2007] [Accepted: 08/15/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the passive skin penetration of lipophilic model agents encapsulated within tyrosine-derived nanospheres. The nanospheres were formed by the self-assembly of a biodegradable, non-cytotoxic ABA triblock copolymer. The A-blocks were poly(ethylene glycol) and the hydrophobic B-blocks were oligomers of suberic acid and desaminotyrosyl-tyrosine alkyl esters. These nanospheres had an average hydrodynamic diameter of about 50nm and formed strong complexes with fluorescent dyes, 5-dodecanoylaminofluorescein (DAF, LogD=7.54) and Nile Red (NR, LogD=3.10). These dyes have been used here as models for lipophilic drugs. The distribution of topically applied nanosphere-dye formulations was studied in human cadaver skin using cryosectioning and fluorescence microscopy. Permeation analysis (quantified fluorescence) over a 24h period revealed that the nanospheres delivered nine times more NR to the lower dermis than a control formulation using propylene glycol. For DAF, the nanosphere formulation was 2.5 times more effective than the propylene glycol based control formulation. We conclude that tyrosine-derived nanospheres facilitate the transport of lipophilic substances to deeper layers of the skin, and hence may be useful in topical delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Sheihet
- New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers - The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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46
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Oh JK, Siegwart DJ, Lee HI, Sherwood G, Peteanu L, Hollinger JO, Kataoka K, Matyjaszewski K. Biodegradable Nanogels Prepared by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization as Potential Drug Delivery Carriers: Synthesis, Biodegradation, in Vitro Release, and Bioconjugation. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:5939-45. [PMID: 17439215 DOI: 10.1021/ja069150l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 348] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Stable biodegradable nanogels cross-linked with disulfide linkages were prepared by inverse miniemulsion atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). These nanogels could be used for targeted drug delivery scaffolds for biomedical applications. The nanogels had a uniformly cross-linked network, which can improve control over the release of encapsulated agents, and the nanogels biodegraded into water-soluble polymers in the presence of a biocompatible glutathione tripeptide, which is commonly found in cells. The biodegradation of nanogels can trigger the release of encapsulated molecules including rhodamine 6G, a fluorescent dye, and Doxorubicin (Dox), an anticancer drug, as well as facilitate the removal of empty vehicles. Results obtained from optical fluorescence microscope images and live/dead cytotoxicity assays of HeLa cancer cells suggested that the released Dox molecules penetrated cell membranes and therefore could suppress the growth of cancer cells. Further, OH-functionalized nanogels were prepared to demonstrate facile applicability toward bioconjugation with biotin. The number of biotin molecules in each nanogel was determined to be 142,000, and the formation of bioconjugates of nanogels with avidin was confirmed using optical fluorescence microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Kwon Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
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47
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Sheihet L, Piotrowska K, Dubin RA, Kohn J, Devore D. Effect of Tyrosine-Derived Triblock Copolymer Compositions on Nanosphere Self-Assembly and Drug Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2007; 8:998-1003. [PMID: 17274654 DOI: 10.1021/bm060860t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have obtained structure-activity relations for nanosphere drug delivery as a function of the chemical properties of a tunable family of self-assembling triblock copolymers. These block copolymers are synthesized with hydrophobic oligomers of a desaminotyrosyl tyrosine ester and diacid and hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol). We have calculated the thermodynamic interaction parameters for the copolymers with anti-tumor drugs to provide an understanding of the drug binding by the nanospheres. We find that there is an optimum ester chain length, C8, for nanospheres in terms of their drug loading capacities. The nanospheres release the drugs under dialysis conditions, with release rates strongly influenced by solution pH. The nanospheres, which are themselves non-cytotoxic, deliver the hydrophobic drugs very effectively to tumor cells as measured by cell killing activity in vitro and thus offer the potential for effective parentarel in vivo delivery of many hydrophobic therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Sheihet
- New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 145 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
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48
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Park TG, Yoo HS. Dexamethasone nano-aggregates composed of PEG–PLA–PEG triblock copolymers for anti-proliferation of smooth muscle cells. Int J Pharm 2006; 326:169-73. [PMID: 16889913 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2006] [Revised: 06/01/2006] [Accepted: 06/28/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Dexamethasone nano-aggregate was prepared for the treatment of intimal hyperplasia caused by abnormal proliferation of smooth muscle cells. Triblock copolymers composed of poly(ethylene glycol) [PEG] and poly(D,L-lactic acid) [PLA] were synthesized with different chain lengths of PEG. Triblock copolymers in organic phase were mixed with dexamethasone and dexamethasone nano-aggregates was prepared by dispersing the organic phase into water. The average diameter of the nano-aggregates ranged from 200 to 300 nm. Dexamethasone was released out from the nano-aggregates and the release profile was dependent on PEG chain lengths. The dexamethasone nano-aggregates showed superior anti-proliferation effects on smooth muscle cells compared to dexamethasone. Flow cytometry showed that smooth muscle cells treated with dexamethasone nano-aggregates was arrested at a dormant phase in a dose-dependent manner. The dexamethasone nano-aggregates are expected to be a potent candidate for anti-proliferating smooth muscle tissues after a balloon-catheter treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Gwan Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
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