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Lee J, Hahm SC, Yoo H, Yoon YW, Kim J. Protection of the Vascular System by Polyethylene Glycol Reduces Secondary Injury Following Spinal Cord Injury in Rats. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2023; 20:1191-1204. [PMID: 37698812 PMCID: PMC10646076 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-023-00566-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a hydrophilic polymer, which has been known to have a neuroprotective effect by sealing the ruptured cell membrane, but PEG effects on the vascular systems and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we showed the neuroprotective effect of PEG by preventing damage to the vascular system. METHODS A spinal contusion was made at the T11 segment in male Sprague-Dawley rats. PEG was injected into the subdural space immediately after SCI. Vascular permeability was assessed for 24 h after SCI using intraperitoneally injected Evans blue dye. Junctional complexes were stained with CD31 and ZO-1. Infarct size was analyzed using triphenyltetrazolium chloride, and blood vessels were counted in the epicenter. Behavioral tests for motor and sensory function were performed for 6 weeks. And then the tissue-sparing area was assessed. RESULTS Immediately applied PEG significantly reduced the vascular permeability at 6, 12, and 24 h after SCI when it compared to saline, and infarct size was also reduced at 0, 6, and 24 h after SCI. In addition, a great number of blood vessels were observed in PEG group at 6 and 24 h after SCI compared to those of the saline group. The PEG group also showed a significant improvement in motor function. And tissue-sparing areas in the PEG were greater than those of the saline group. CONCLUSION The present results provide preclinical evidence for the neuroprotective effects of PEG as a promising therapeutic agent for reducing secondary injury following SCI through vascular protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinseung Lee
- Rehabilitation Science Program, Department of Health Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
- Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health Systems, Department of Healthcare Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
- Department of Physical Therapy, Undergraduate School, Korea University College of Health Science, Anam-dong, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Suk-Chan Hahm
- Graduate School of Integrative Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam, 13488, Korea
| | - Heayeon Yoo
- Rehabilitation Science Program, Department of Health Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
- Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health Systems, Department of Healthcare Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Young Wook Yoon
- Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Junesun Kim
- Rehabilitation Science Program, Department of Health Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea.
- Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health Systems, Department of Healthcare Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea.
- Department of Physical Therapy, Undergraduate School, Korea University College of Health Science, Anam-dong, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Korea.
- Department of Health and Environmental Science, Undergraduate School, Korea University College of Health Science, Seoul, 02841, Korea.
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Motameni A, Çardaklı İS, Gürbüz R, Alshemary AZ, Razavi M, Farukoğlu ÖC. Bioglass-polymer composite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration: a review of current trends. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2023.2186864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Motameni
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Çankaya University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İsmail Seçkin Çardaklı
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Rıza Gürbüz
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ammar Z. Alshemary
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Iraq
| | - Mehdi Razavi
- Biionix™ (Bionic Materials, Implants & Interfaces) Cluster, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
- Department of Material Sciences and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Ömer Can Farukoğlu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Çankaya University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Prajapati DG, Kandasubramanian B. Biodegradable Polymeric Solid Framework-Based Organic Phase-Change Materials for Thermal Energy Storage. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b01693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deepak G. Prajapati
- Nano Texturing Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune-411025, India
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Nano Texturing Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune-411025, India
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Lukas K, Thomas U, Gessner A, Wehner D, Schmid T, Schmid C, Lehle K. Plasma functionalization of polycarbonaturethane to improve endothelialization—Effect of shear stress as a critical factor for biocompatibility control. J Biomater Appl 2016; 30:1417-28. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328215626072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Medical devices made of polycarbonaturethane (PCU) combine excellent mechanical properties and little biological degradation, but restricted hemocompatibility. Modifications of PCU might reduce platelet adhesion and promote stable endothelialization. PCU was modified using gas plasma treatment, binding of hydrogels, and coupling of cell-active molecules (modified heparin, anti-thrombin III (ATIII), argatroban, fibronectin, laminin-nonapeptide, peptides with integrin-binding arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) motif). Biocompatibility was verified with static and dynamic cell culture techniques. Blinded analysis focused on improvement in endothelial cell (EC) adhesion/proliferation, anti-thrombogenicity, reproducible manufacturing process, and shear stress tolerance of ECs. EC adhesion and antithrombogenicity were achieved with 9/35 modifications. Additionally, 6/9 stimulated EC proliferation and 3/6 modification processes were highly reproducible for endothelialization. The latter modifications comprised immobilization of ATIII (A), polyethyleneglycole-diamine-hydrogel (E) and polyethylenimine-hydrogel connected with modified heparin (IH). Under sheer stress, only the IH modification improved EC adhesion within the graft. However, ECs did not arrange in flow direction and cell anchorage was restricted. Despite large variation in surface modification chemistry and improved EC adhesion under static culture conditions, additional introduction of shear stress foiled promising preliminary data. Therefore, biocompatibility testing required not only static tests but also usage of physiological conditions such as shear stress in the case of vascular grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Lukas
- IMHR, Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - André Gessner
- IMHR, Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Christof Schmid
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Karla Lehle
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Radiation-induced graft polymerization of chitosan onto poly(3-hydroxybutyrate). Carbohydr Polym 2015; 133:482-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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6
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Li Z, Shen H, Shuai K, Hu X. Effect of composition on morphology structure and cell affinity of poly(caprolactone-co-glycolide)-co-poly(ethylene glycol) microspheres. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology; Beijing 100190 China
- Department of urology; Meitan General Hospital; Beijing 100021 China
| | - Hong Shen
- BNLMS, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Kegang Shuai
- Department of urology; Meitan General Hospital; Beijing 100021 China
| | - Xixue Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology; Beijing 100190 China
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Torres MG, Rodríguez JR, Vargas S, González ME, Carreón-Castro MDP, Calzada GL, Brostow W, Hnatchuk N. Tribological and Mechanical Properties of Poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid] Grafted with Vinyl Compounds: Insight into Possible Application. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/1023666x.2015.1036225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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8
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Li Z, Loh XJ. Water soluble polyhydroxyalkanoates: future materials for therapeutic applications. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:2865-79. [PMID: 25788317 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00089k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are excellent candidate biomaterials due to their exceptional biodegradability and biocompatibility. However, PHAs need to have tunable hydrophilicity, chemical functionalities, and appropriate hydrolytic stability to expand their therapeutic applications towards more advanced areas. In this Tutorial Review, we present the most recent progress in the synthetic strategies of PHA-based water soluble polymers, including the functionalisation of PHAs with polar functional groups and the block/graft copolymerization of PHAs with hydrophilic components in various polymeric architectures. These chemically modified water soluble PHAs have significant impact on materials engineering and show great value in the fulfilment of smart biomaterials in emerging areas. The applications of water soluble PHAs in controlled drug release, cancer therapy, DNA/siRNA delivery and tissue engineering in new aspects are discussed. In addition, water soluble PHA monomer production will be briefly introduced, with emphasis on its bio-significance in medical physiology and the therapeutic effect in the treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zibiao Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602, Singapore.
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9
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Optimization and purification of anticancer enzyme L-glutaminase from Alcaligenes faecalis KLU102. Biologia (Bratisl) 2015. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-014-0486-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Crystallization behaviors of poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate]/poly(ethylene glycol) graft TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber blends. Polym Degrad Stab 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2014.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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PEG-PHB-glutaminase nanoparticle inhibits cancer cell proliferation in vitro through glutamine deprivation. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2014; 51:372-80. [PMID: 25424834 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-014-9840-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrate that L-glutaminase, a marine bacterial enzyme with a molecular weight of 37 kDa, inhibits cancer cell proliferation in vitro through glutamine deprivation. The concentration of the enzyme reducing the viability of HeLa cells to 50% was determined to be 12.5 μg/mL; the function of L-glutaminase in controlling cell proliferation was further analysed by BrdU assays. To increase its stability and bioavailability, the enzyme was immobilized on polyethyleneglycol (PEG)-polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) nanoparticles. A dented anatomy of the HeLa cells was observed under fluorescence and confocal microscopy when they were incubated with L-glutaminase and in glutamine-free medium, as also a 3-fold increase in caspase-3 activity was observed under the same conditions. Blebbed cytoplasm and shrunken nuclei were observed in treated cells under transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Finally, the influence of the enzyme on cell cycle and DNA damage was evaluated using flow cytometry and DNA fragmentation assays. The results confirmed significant damage to the DNA of HeLa cells incubated with L-glutaminase and in glutamine-free medium. These studies attest to the significant role played by L-glutaminase against proliferation in cancer cells through glutamine deprivation.
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13
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Qing G, Shan X, Chen W, Lv Z, Xiong P, Sun T. Solvent-Driven Chiral-Interaction Reversion for Organogel Formation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:2124-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201308554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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14
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15
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Chan RTH, Russell RA, Marçal H, Lee TH, Holden PJ, Foster LJR. BioPEGylation of Polyhydroxybutyrate Promotes Nerve Cell Health and Migration. Biomacromolecules 2013; 15:339-49. [DOI: 10.1021/bm401572a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert A. Russell
- Australian
Nuclear
Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | - Peter J. Holden
- Australian
Nuclear
Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, New South Wales, Australia
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16
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Synthesis and characterization of an environmentally friendly PHBV/PEG copolymer network as a phase change material. Sci China Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-013-4837-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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17
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Chan RTH, Marçal H, Ahmed T, Russell RA, Holden PJ, Foster LJR. Poly(ethylene glycol)-modulated cellular biocompatibility of polyhydroxyalkanoate films. POLYM INT 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rodman TH Chan
- Bio/Polymer Research Group, Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science; University of New South Wales; Sydney; NSW; 2052; Australia
| | - Helder Marçal
- Bio/Polymer Research Group, Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science; University of New South Wales; Sydney; NSW; 2052; Australia
| | - Tania Ahmed
- Bio/Polymer Research Group, Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science; University of New South Wales; Sydney; NSW; 2052; Australia
| | | | - Peter J Holden
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation; Lucas Heights; New South Wales; Australia
| | - L John R Foster
- Bio/Polymer Research Group, Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science; University of New South Wales; Sydney; NSW; 2052; Australia
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Pillai CKS. Challenges for Natural Monomers and Polymers: Novel Design Strategies and Engineering to Develop Advanced Polymers. Des Monomers Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1163/138577210x12634696333190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C. K. S. Pillai
- a Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, Regional Research Laboratory (Now NIIST), Thiruvanananthapuram-695 019, India
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19
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Li Z, Yang X, Wu L, Chen Z, Lin Y, Xu K, Chen GQ. Synthesis, Characterization and Biocompatibility of Biodegradable Elastomeric Poly(ether-ester urethane)s Based on Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) and Poly(ethylene glycol) via Melting Polymerization. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2012; 20:1179-202. [DOI: 10.1163/156856209x452944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zibiao Li
- a Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodi Yang
- b Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, P.R. China
| | - Linping Wu
- c Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, P.R. China
| | - Zhifei Chen
- d Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, P.R. China
| | - Yuting Lin
- e Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, P.R. China
| | - Kaitian Xu
- f Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Qiang Chen
- g Multidisciplinary Research Center, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, P.R. China; Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
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Particular thermal properties of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) oligomers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-011-9756-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Aryal UK, Krochko JE, Ross ARS. Identification of phosphoproteins in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves using polyethylene glycol fractionation, immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. J Proteome Res 2011; 11:425-37. [PMID: 22092075 DOI: 10.1021/pr200917t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Reversible protein phosphorylation is a key regulatory mechanism in cells. Identification and characterization of phosphoproteins requires specialized enrichment methods, due to the relatively low abundance of these proteins, and is further complicated in plants by the high abundance of Rubisco in green tissues. We present a novel method for plant phosphoproteome analysis that depletes Rubisco using polyethylene glycol fractionation and utilizes immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography to enrich phosphoproteins. Subsequent protein separation by one- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis is further improved by extracting the PEG-fractionated protein samples with SDS/phenol and methanol/chloroform to remove interfering compounds. Using this approach, we identified 132 phosphorylated proteins in a partial Arabidopsis leaf extract. These proteins are involved in a range of biological processes, including CO(2) fixation, protein assembly and folding, stress response, redox regulation, and cellular metabolism. Both large and small subunits of Rubisco were phosphorylated at multiple sites, and depletion of Rubisco enhanced detection of less abundant phosphoproteins, including those associated with state transitions between photosystems I and II. The discovery of a phosphorylated form of AtGRP7, a self-regulating RNA-binding protein that affects floral transition, as well as several previously uncharacterized ribosomal proteins confirm the utility of this approach for phosphoproteome analysis and its potential to increase our understanding of growth and development in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uma K Aryal
- Plant Biotechnology Institute, National Research Council, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0W9.
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Abstract
The phenomena of molecular self-assembly have inspired interesting development of novel functional materials. We have been focusing on developing novel polymers with the ability to self-assemble into novel supramolecular structures, which can function as biomaterials for potential drug/gene delivery and tissue engineering applications. The key components in our macromolecular self-assembling structures include the biodegradable and biocompatible microbial biopolyesters, poly (β-hydroxyalkanoates), and the macrocyclic polysaccharides, cyclodextrins. A series of novel block copolymers and interlocked supramolecular architectures were designed and synthesized. They were characterized in terms of their molecular and supramolecular structures, as well as their properties and functions as biomaterials for potential drug and gene delivery, and tissue engineering applications. Amphiphilic block copolymers of different chain architectures composed of poly [(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate] as hydrophobic segments, and poly (ethylene glycol), poly (propylene glycol), or poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) as hydrophilic segments were synthesized. They could self-assemble to form stable micelles, nanopatterning thin films, and thermo-sensitive hydrogels, which were demonstrated to be promising potential biomaterials for controlled and sustained delivery of drugs and tissue engineering scaffolding materials. The self-assembly of block copolymers with cyclodextrins resulted in supramolecular hydrogels and cationic supramolecules, which were used as injectable drug delivery systems, and novel polymeric gene delivery vectors.
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Application of Polyethylene Glycol to Promote Cellular Biocompatibility of Polyhydroxybutyrate Films. INT J POLYM SCI 2011. [DOI: 10.1155/2011/473045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a biomaterial with potential for applications in biomedical and tissue engineering; however, its brittle nature and high crystallinity limit its potential. Blending PHB with a variety of PEGs produced natural-synthetic composite films composed of FDA-approved polymers with significant reductions in crystallinity, from 70.1% for PHB films to 41.5% for its composite with a 30% (w/w) loading of PEG2000. Blending also enabled manipulation of the material properties, increasing film flexibility with an extension to break of2.49±1.01%for PHB films and8.32±1.06%for films containing 30% (w/w) PEG106. Significant changes in the film surface properties, as measured by porosity, contact angles, and water uptake, were also determined as a consequence of the blending process, and these supported greater adhesion and proliferation of neural-associated olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs). A growth rate of7.2×105cells per day for PHB films with 30% (w/w) PEG2000 loading compared to2.5×105for PHB films was observed. Furthermore, while cytotoxicity of the films as measured by lactate dehydrogenase release was unaffected, biocompatibility, as measured by mitochondrial activity, was found to increase. It is anticipated that fine control of PEG composition in PHB-based composite biomaterials can be utilised to support their applications in medicinal and tissue engineering applications.
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Liu KL, Choo ESG, Wong SY, Li X, He CB, Wang J, Li J. Designing poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate]-based polyurethane block copolymers for electrospun nanofiber scaffolds with improved mechanical properties and enhanced mineralization capability. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:7489-98. [PMID: 20469884 DOI: 10.1021/jp1018247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Efforts to mineralize electrospun hydrophobic polyester scaffold often require prior surface modification such as plasma or alkaline treatment, which may affect the mechanical integrity of the resultant scaffold. Here through rational design we developed a series of polyurethane block copolymers containing poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate] (PHB) as hard segment and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as soft segment that could be easily fabricated into mineralizable electrospun scaffold without the need of additional surface treatment. To ensure that the block copolymers do not swell excessively in water, PEG content in the polymers was kept below 50 wt %. To obtain good dry and hydrated state mechanical properties with limited PEG, low-molecular-weight PHB-diol with M(n) 1230 and 1790 were used in various molar feed ratios. The macromolecular characteristics of the block copolymers were confirmed by (1)H NMR spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and thermal gravimetric analyses (TGA). With the incorporation of the hydrophilic PEG segments, the surface and bulk hydrophilicity of the block copolymers were significantly improved. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed that the block copolymers had low PHB crystallinity and no PEG crystallinity. This was further confirmed by X-ray diffraction analyses (XRD) in both dry and hydrated states. With short PHB segments and soft PEG coupled together, the block copolymers were no longer brittle. Tensile measurements showed that the block copolymers with higher PEG content or shorter PHB segments were more ductile. Furthermore, their ductility was enhanced in hydrated states with one particular example showing increment in strain at break from 1090 to 1962%. The block copolymers were fabricated into an electrospun fibrous scaffold that was easily mineralized by simple incubation in simulated body fluid. The materials have good potential for bone regeneration application and may be extended to other applications by simply coating them with other biologically active substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerh Li Liu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602
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Li X, Liu KL, Wang M, Wong SY, Tjiu WC, He CB, Goh SH, Li J. Improving hydrophilicity, mechanical properties and biocompatibility of poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-(R)-3-hydroxyvalerate] through blending with poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate]-alt-poly(ethylene oxide). Acta Biomater 2009; 5:2002-12. [PMID: 19251499 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2009.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2008] [Revised: 01/17/2009] [Accepted: 01/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Natural source poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-(R)-3-hydroxyvalerate] (PHBV) with a low hydroxyvalerate (HV) content ( approximately 8wt.%) was modified by blending it with poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate]-alt-poly(ethylene oxide) (HE) alternating block copolymer. We hypothesized that the adjoining PHB segments could improve the miscibility of the poly(ethylene oxide) segments of HE with the PHBV matrix and therefore improve the physical properties of the PHBV/HE blends. A differential scanning calorimetry study revealed the improved miscibility of PEO segments of HE characterized by the interference of the crystallization of PHBV. The decrease in water contact angle and the increase in equilibrium water uptake of the PHBV/HE blends indicated that both the surface and bulk hydrophilicity of PHBV could be improved through blending HE. The mechanical properties of the hydrated PHBV/HE blends were assessed by measuring their tensile strength. In contrast to the hydrated natural source PHBV, which failed in a brittle manner, the hydrated PHBV/HE blends were ductile. Their strain at break increased with increasing HE content, reaching a maximum of 394% at an HE content of 15wt.%. The excellent integrity of the PHBV/HE blends in water is attributed to the strong affinity between the PHB segments of HE and the PHBV matrix. Platelet adhesion on the film surface of the PHBV/HE blends was investigated in vitro to evaluate their blood compatibility. The results demonstrated that the PHBV/HE blends effectively resisted the adhesion of platelets due to the anchored PEO segments from HE on the film surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.
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Shamala TR, Divyashree MS, Davis R, Kumari KSL, Vijayendra SVN, Raj B. Production and characterization of bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymers and evaluation of their blends by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Indian J Microbiol 2009; 49:251-8. [PMID: 23100778 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-009-0031-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2008] [Accepted: 07/23/2008] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizobium meliloti produced a copolymer of short chain length polyhydroxyalkanoate (scl-PHA) on sucrose and rice bran oil as carbon substrates. Recombinant Escherichia coli (JC7623ABC1J4), bearing PHA synthesis genes, was used to synthesize short chain length-co-medium chain length PHA (scl-co-mcl-PHA) on glucose and decanoic acid. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of the PHAs indicated strong characteristic bands at 1282, 1723, and 2934 cm(-1) for scl-PHA and at 2933 and 2976 cm(-1) for scl-co-mcl-PHA polymer. Differentiation of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and polyhydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate-P(HB-co-HV) copolymer was obseverd using FTIR, with absorption bands at 1723 and 1281 for PHB, and at 1738, 1134, 1215 cm(-1) for HV-copolymer. The copolymers were analyzed by GC and (1)H NMR spectroscopy. Films of polymer blends of PHA produced by R. meliloti and recombinant E. coli were prepared using glycerol, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl acetate, individually (1:1 ratio), to modify the mechanical properties of the films and these films were evaluated by FTIR and scanning electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Shamala
- Department of Food Microbiology, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570 020 India
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Synthesis and characterization of AB block copolymers based on polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-009-9285-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Bhatt R, Shah D, Patel KC, Trivedi U. PHA-rubber blends: synthesis, characterization and biodegradation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2008; 99:4615-20. [PMID: 17764931 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2006] [Revised: 04/18/2007] [Accepted: 06/01/2007] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates (mcl-PHA) and different rubbers; namely natural rubber, nitrile rubber and butadiene rubber were blended at room temperature using solution blending technique. Blends constituted 5%, 10% and 15% of mcl-PHA in different rubbers. Thermogravimetric analysis of mcl-PHA showed the melting temperature of the polymer around 50 degrees C. Thermal properties of the synthesized blend were studied by Differential Scanning Calorimetry which confirmed effective blending between the polymers. Blending of mcl-PHA with natural rubber led to the synthesis of a different polymer having the melting point of 90 degrees C. Degradation studies of the blends were carried out using a soil isolate, Pseudomonas sp. 202 for 30 days. Extracellular protein concentration as well as OD660 due to the growth of Pseudomonas sp. 202 was studied. The degradation of blended plastic material, as evidenced by % weight loss after degradation and increase in the growth of organism correlated with the amount of mcl-PHA present in the sample. Growth of Pseudomonas sp. 202 resulted in 14.63%, 16.12% and 3.84% weight loss of PHA:rubber blends (natural, nitrile and butadiene rubber). Scanning electron microscopic studies after 30 days of incubation further confirmed biodegradation of the films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachana Bhatt
- Department of Biosciences, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388 120, Gujarat, India
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Liu KL, Goh SH, Li J. Controlled synthesis and characterizations of amphiphilic poly[(R,S)-3-hydroxybutyrate]-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly[(R,S)-3-hydroxybutyrate] triblock copolymers. POLYMER 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hyun H, Cho JS, Kim BS, Lee JW, Kim MS, Khang G, Park K, Lee HB. Comparison of micelles formed by amphiphilic star block copolymers prepared in the presence of a nonmetallic monomer activator. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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