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Kumar M, Kumar N, Gurawa A, Kashyap S. Protecting group enabled stereocontrolled approach for rare-sugars talose/gulose via dual-ruthenium catalysis. Carbohydr Res 2023; 523:108705. [PMID: 36370626 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2022.108705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We herein report a convenient and highly stereocontrolled approach for rare and vital ᴅ-talo and ᴅ-gulo sugars directly from economical ᴅ-galactal through dual ruthenium-catalysis. The stereo-divergent strategy involves Ru(III)Cl3-catalyzed Ferrier glycosylation of ᴅ-galactal to give 2,3-unsaturated ᴅ-galactopyranoside, further selective functionalization of C-4 and C-6 position with diverse protecting groups and dihydroxylation with Ru(VIII)O4 generated in situ providing access to talo/gulo isomers. The α-anomeric stereoselectivity and syn-diastereoselectivity in glycosylation-dihydroxylation steps have been predominantly achieved by judicious selection of stereoelectronically diverse protecting groups. The synthetic utility of the dual-ruthenium catalysis was demonstrated for efficiently assembling the ᴅ-talose and/or ᴅ-gulose sugars in natural products and bioactive scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Carbohydrate Chemistry Research Laboratory (CCRL), Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology (MNIT), Jaipur, 302017, India
| | - Nitin Kumar
- Carbohydrate Chemistry Research Laboratory (CCRL), Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology (MNIT), Jaipur, 302017, India
| | - Aakanksha Gurawa
- Carbohydrate Chemistry Research Laboratory (CCRL), Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology (MNIT), Jaipur, 302017, India
| | - Sudhir Kashyap
- Carbohydrate Chemistry Research Laboratory (CCRL), Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology (MNIT), Jaipur, 302017, India.
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2
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Converting Galactose into the Rare Sugar Talose with Cellobiose 2-Epimerase as Biocatalyst. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102519. [PMID: 30275414 PMCID: PMC6222537 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellobiose 2-epimerase from Rhodothermus marinus (RmCE) reversibly converts a glucose residue to a mannose residue at the reducing end of β-1,4-linked oligosaccharides. In this study, the monosaccharide specificity of RmCE has been mapped and the synthesis of d-talose from d-galactose was discovered, a reaction not yet known to occur in nature. Moreover, the conversion is industrially relevant, as talose and its derivatives have been reported to possess important antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. As the enzyme also catalyzes the keto-aldo isomerization of galactose to tagatose as a minor side reaction, the purity of talose was found to decrease over time. After process optimization, 23 g/L of talose could be obtained with a product purity of 86% and a yield of 8.5% (starting from 4 g (24 mmol) of galactose). However, higher purities and concentrations can be reached by decreasing and increasing the reaction time, respectively. In addition, two engineering attempts have also been performed. First, a mutant library of RmCE was created to try and increase the activity on monosaccharide substrates. Next, two residues from RmCE were introduced in the cellobiose 2-epimerase from Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus (CsCE) (S99M/Q371F), increasing the kcat twofold.
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Tahoun A, Masutani H, El-Sharkawy H, Gillespie T, Honda RP, Kuwata K, Inagaki M, Yabe T, Nomura I, Suzuki T. Capsular polysaccharide inhibits adhesion of Bifidobacterium longum 105-A to enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells and phagocytosis by macrophages. Gut Pathog 2017; 9:27. [PMID: 28469711 PMCID: PMC5412050 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-017-0177-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bifidobacterium longum 105-A produces markedly high amounts of capsular polysaccharides (CPS) and exopolysaccharides (EPS) that should play distinct roles in bacterial–host interactions. To identify the biological function of B. longum 105-A CPS/EPS, we carried out an informatics survey of the genome and identified the EPS-encoding genetic locus of B. longum 105-A that is responsible for the production of CPS/EPS. The role of CPS/EPS in the adaptation to gut tract environment and bacteria-gut cell interactions was investigated using the ΔcpsD mutant. Results A putative B. longum 105-A CPS/EPS gene cluster was shown to consist of 24 putative genes encoding a priming glycosyltransferase (cpsD), 7 glycosyltransferases, 4 CPS/EPS synthesis machinery proteins, and 3 dTDP-L-rhamnose synthesis enzymes. These enzymes should form a complex system that is involved in the biogenesis of CPS and/or EPS. To confirm this, we constructed a knockout mutant (ΔcpsD) by a double cross-over homologous recombination. Compared to wild-type, the ∆cpsD mutant showed a similar growth rate. However, it showed quicker sedimentation and formation of cell clusters in liquid culture. EPS was secreted by the ∆cpsD mutant, but had altered monosaccharide composition and molecular weight. Comparison of the morphology of B. longum 105-A wild-type and ∆cpsD by negative staining in light and electron microscopy revealed that the formation of fimbriae is drastically enhanced in the ∆cpsD mutant while the B. longum 105-A wild-type was coated by a thick capsule. The fimbriae expression in the ∆cpsD was closely associated with the disappearance of the CPS layer. The wild-type showed low pH tolerance, adaptation, and bile salt tolerance, but the ∆cpsD mutant had lost this survivability in gastric and duodenal environments. The ∆cpsD mutant was extensively able to bind to the human colon carcinoma Caco-2 cell line and was phagocytosed by murine macrophage RAW 264.7, whereas the wild-type did not bind to epithelial cells and totally resisted internalization by macrophages. Conclusions Our results suggest that CPS/EPS production and fimbriae formation are negatively correlated and play key roles in the survival, attachment, and colonization of B. longum 105-A in the gut. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13099-017-0177-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Tahoun
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516 Egypt
| | - Hisayoshi Masutani
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan
| | - Hanem El-Sharkawy
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516 Egypt.,Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan
| | - Trudi Gillespie
- CALM_live Imaging Facility, Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, 47 EH16 4TJ UK
| | - Ryo P Honda
- Department of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan
| | - Kazuo Kuwata
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan.,Department of Gene and Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan.,Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences, Gifu University (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan
| | - Mizuho Inagaki
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan.,United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan
| | - Tomio Yabe
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan.,Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences, Gifu University (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan.,United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan
| | - Izumi Nomura
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan
| | - Tohru Suzuki
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan.,United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan
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Altmann F, Kosma P, O’Callaghan A, Leahy S, Bottacini F, Molloy E, Plattner S, Schiavi E, Gleinser M, Groeger D, Grant R, Rodriguez Perez N, Healy S, Svehla E, Windwarder M, Hofinger A, O’Connell Motherway M, Akdis CA, Xu J, Roper J, van Sinderen D, O’Mahony L. Genome Analysis and Characterisation of the Exopolysaccharide Produced by Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum 35624™. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162983. [PMID: 27656878 PMCID: PMC5033381 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Bifibobacterium longum subsp. longum35624™ strain (formerly named Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis) is a well described probiotic with clinical efficacy in Irritable Bowel Syndrome clinical trials and induces immunoregulatory effects in mice and in humans. This paper presents (a) the genome sequence of the organism allowing the assignment to its correct subspeciation longum; (b) a comparative genome assessment with other B. longum strains and (c) the molecular structure of the 35624 exopolysaccharide (EPS624). Comparative genome analysis of the 35624 strain with other B. longum strains determined that the sub-speciation of the strain is longum and revealed the presence of a 35624-specific gene cluster, predicted to encode the biosynthetic machinery for EPS624. Following isolation and acid treatment of the EPS, its chemical structure was determined using gas and liquid chromatography for sugar constituent and linkage analysis, electrospray and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry for sequencing and NMR. The EPS consists of a branched hexasaccharide repeating unit containing two galactose and two glucose moieties, galacturonic acid and the unusual sugar 6-deoxy-L-talose. These data demonstrate that the B. longum35624 strain has specific genetic features, one of which leads to the generation of a characteristic exopolysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Kosma
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Amy O’Callaghan
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sinead Leahy
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Francesca Bottacini
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Evelyn Molloy
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Elisa Schiavi
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
- Alimentary Health Pharma Davos, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Marita Gleinser
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Ray Grant
- Alimentary Health Pharma Davos, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Noelia Rodriguez Perez
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
| | | | - Elisabeth Svehla
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Andreas Hofinger
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Cezmi A. Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Jun Xu
- Procter & Gamble, Cincinnati, United States of America
| | | | - Douwe van Sinderen
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Liam O’Mahony
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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Sigida EN, Fedonenko YP, Shashkov AS, Arbatsky NP, Zdorovenko EL, Konnova SA, Ignatov VV, Knirel YA. Elucidation of a masked repeating structure of the O-specific polysaccharide of the halotolerant soil bacteria Azospirillum halopraeferens Au4. Beilstein J Org Chem 2016; 12:636-42. [PMID: 27340454 PMCID: PMC4902059 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.12.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
An O-specific polysaccharide was obtained by mild acid hydrolysis of the lipopolysaccharide isolated by the phenol-water extraction from the halotolerant soil bacteria Azospirillum halopraeferens type strain Au4. The polysaccharide was studied by sugar and methylation analyses, selective cleavages by Smith degradation and solvolysis with trifluoroacetic acid, one- and two-dimensional (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy. The following masked repeating structure of the O-specific polysaccharide was established: →3)-α-L-Rhap2Me-(1→3)-[β-D-Glcp-(1→4)]-α-D-Fucp-(1→2)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, where non-stoichiometric substituents, an O-methyl group (~45%) and a side-chain glucose residue (~65%), are shown in italics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena N Sigida
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Entuziastov 13, Saratov 410049, Russia
| | - Yuliya P Fedonenko
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Entuziastov 13, Saratov 410049, Russia
| | - Alexander S Shashkov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Nikolay P Arbatsky
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Evelina L Zdorovenko
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Svetlana A Konnova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Entuziastov 13, Saratov 410049, Russia
- Chernyshevsky Saratov State University, Ulitsa Astrakhanskaya 83, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Ignatov
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Entuziastov 13, Saratov 410049, Russia
| | - Yuriy A Knirel
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
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Abrahamovich E, López AC, Alippi AM. [Agrobacterium rubi strains from blueberry plants are highly diverse]. Rev Argent Microbiol 2014; 46:237-41. [PMID: 25444133 DOI: 10.1016/s0325-7541(14)70078-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The diversity of a collection of Agrobacterium rubi strains isolated from blueberries from different regions of Argentina was studied by conventional microbiological tests and molecular techniques. Results from biochemical and physiological reactions, as well as from rep-PCR and RFLP analysis of PCR-amplified 23S rDNA showed high phenotypic and genotypic intraspecific variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Abrahamovich
- Centro de Investigaciones de Fitopatología (CIDEFI), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Ana C López
- Centro de Investigaciones de Fitopatología (CIDEFI), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Adriana M Alippi
- Centro de Investigaciones de Fitopatología (CIDEFI), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.
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Role for Rhizobium rhizogenes K84 cell envelope polysaccharides in surface interactions. Appl Environ Microbiol 2011; 78:1644-51. [PMID: 22210213 DOI: 10.1128/aem.07117-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizobium rhizogenes strain K84 is a commercial biocontrol agent used worldwide to control crown gall disease. The organism binds tightly to polypropylene substrate and efficiently colonizes root surfaces as complex, multilayered biofilms. A genetic screen identified two mutants in which these surface interactions were affected. One of these mutants failed to attach and form biofilms on the abiotic surface although, interestingly, it exhibited normal biofilm formation on the biological root tip surface. This mutant is disrupted in a wcbD ortholog gene, which is part of a large locus predicted to encode functions for the biosynthesis and export of a group II capsular polysaccharide (CPS). Expression of a functional copy of wcbD in the mutant background restored the ability of the bacteria to attach and form normal biofilms on the abiotic surface. The second identified mutant attached and formed visibly denser biofilms on both abiotic and root tip surfaces. This mutant is disrupted in the rkpK gene, which is predicted to encode a UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase required for O-antigen lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and K-antigen capsular polysaccharide (KPS) biosynthesis in rhizobia. The rkpK mutant from strain K84 was deficient in O-antigen synthesis and exclusively produced rough LPS. We also show that strain K84 does not synthesize the KPS typical of some other rhizobia strains. In addition, we identified a putative type II CPS, distinct from KPS, that mediates cell-surface interactions, and we show that O antigen of strain K84 is necessary for normal cell-cell interactions in the biofilms.
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Yoo HG, Kwon SY, Karki S, Kwon HJ. A new route to dTDP-6-deoxy-l-talose and dTDP-L-rhamnose: dTDP-L-rhamnose 4-epimerase in Burkholderia thailandensis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:3914-7. [PMID: 21640586 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2011] [Revised: 05/09/2011] [Accepted: 05/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
dTDP-L-rhamnose (dTDP-Rha)-synthesizing dTDP-6-deoxy-L-lyxo-4-hexulose reductase (4-KR) and dTDP-Rha 4-epimerase were characterized from Burkholderia thailandensis E264 by utilizing rmlD(Bth) (BTH_I1472) and wbiB(Bth) (BTH_I1476), respectively. Incubation of the recombinant WbiB(Bth) with RmlA/RmlB/RmlC/Tal, which has previously been shown to generate dTDP-6-deoxy-L-talose (dTDP-6dTal) from α-D-glucose-1-phosphate, dTTP, and NADPH, produced dTDP-Rha. (1)H NMR measurements confirmed that both RmlA/RmlB/RmlC/Tal/WbiB(Bth) and RmlA/RmlB/RmlC/RmlD produced dTDP-Rha. WbiB(Bth) alone produced dTDP-Rha when incubated with dTDP-6dTal. This is the first report to demonstrate epimerase activity interconverting between dTDP-Rha and dTDP-6dTal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Gyeong Yoo
- Department of Biological Science, Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Myongji University, Yongin 449-728, Republic of Korea
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Karki S, Yoo HG, Kwon SY, Suh JW, Kwon HJ. Cloning and in vitro characterization of dTDP-6-deoxy-L-talose biosynthetic genes from Kitasatospora kifunensis featuring the dTDP-6-deoxy-L-lyxo-4-hexulose reductase that synthesizes dTDP-6-deoxy-L-talose. Carbohydr Res 2010; 345:1958-62. [PMID: 20667525 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2010.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2010] [Revised: 06/25/2010] [Accepted: 07/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Kitasatospora kifunensis, the talosin producer, was used as a source for the dTDP-6-deoxy-l-talose (dTDP-6dTal) biosynthetic gene cluster, serving as a template for four recombinant proteins of RmlA(Kkf), RmlB(Kkf), RmlC(Kkf), and Tal, which complete the biosynthesis of dTDP-6dTal from dTTP, alpha-d-glucose-1-phosphate, and NAD(P)H. The identity of dTDP-6dTal was validated using (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy. K. kifunensistal and tll, the known dTDP-6dTal synthase gene of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans origin, have low sequence similarity and are distantly related within the NDP-6-deoxy-4-ketohexose reductase family, providing an example of the genetic diversity within the dTDP-6dTal biosynthetic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Karki
- Department of Biological Science, Myongji University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
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Cai X, Zong G, Xu Y, Zhang J, Liang X, Wang D. Efficient synthesis of a 6-deoxytalose tetrasaccharide related to the antigenic O-polysaccharide produced by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans serotype c. Carbohydr Res 2010; 345:1230-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2010.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2010] [Revised: 03/31/2010] [Accepted: 04/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Yan S, Liang X, Diao P, Yang Y, Zhang J, Wang D, Kong F. Synthesis of the 6-deoxytalose-containing tetrasaccharide of the glycopeptidolipid from Mycobacterium intracellare serotype 7. Carbohydr Res 2008; 343:3107-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2008.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2008] [Revised: 09/04/2008] [Accepted: 09/15/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Gargiulo V, Garozzo D, Lanzetta R, Molinaro A, Sturiale L, De Castro C, Parrilli M. Rhizobium rubiT: A Gram‐Negative Phytopathogenic Bacterium Expressing the Lewis B Epitope on the Outer Core of its Lipooligosaccharide Fraction. Chembiochem 2008; 9:1830-5. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200800191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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14
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De Castro C, Fregolino E, Gargiulo V, Lanzetta R, Parrilli M. A novel capsular polysaccharide from Rhizobium rubi strain DSM 30149. Carbohydr Res 2008; 343:1482-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2008.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2008] [Revised: 04/15/2008] [Accepted: 04/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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