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Hill R, Phipps J, Greenwood R, Skuse D, Zhang ZJ. The effect of pre-treatment and process conditions on the gas barrier properties of fibrillated cellulose films and coatings: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 337:122085. [PMID: 38710579 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) is a bio-material produced by disintegrating cellulose fibres into fibrillar components. MFC could offer a sustainable solution to packaging needs since it can form an excellent barrier to oxygen. However, a comprehensive understanding of how MFC characteristics impact barrier properties of MFC films or coatings is required. This article critically reviews how the extent of separation of fibres into fibrils-and any resulting changes to the crystallinity and degree of polymerisation of cellulose-influences gas barrier properties of MFC films or coatings. Findings from publications investigating the barrier performance of MFC prepared through different processes intending to increase the effectiveness of fibrillation are evaluated and compared. The effects of processing conditions or chemical pre-treatments on barrier properties of MFC films or coatings are then discussed. A comparison of reported results showed that morphology and size polydispersity of the cellulose strongly influence the barrier properties of MFC. However, changing the MFC production process to decrease fibril diameter and polydispersity can result in changes to cellulose crystallinity; reduction in fibril length; introduction of bulky functional groups; or increased fibril surface charge: all of which could have a negative impact on the barrier properties of the final films or coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn Hill
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; FiberLean Technologies, Par Moor Road, Par PL24 2SQ, UK.
| | - Jon Phipps
- FiberLean Technologies, Par Moor Road, Par PL24 2SQ, UK.
| | - Richard Greenwood
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - David Skuse
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; FiberLean Technologies, Par Moor Road, Par PL24 2SQ, UK.
| | - Zhenyu Jason Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
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2
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Jiang N, Hu Y, Cheng Y. TEMPO-Oxidized Nanocellulose Films Modified by Tea Saponin Derived from Camellia oleifera: Physicochemical, Mechanical, and Antibacterial Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1016. [PMID: 38611274 PMCID: PMC11014315 DOI: 10.3390/polym16071016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanocellulose materials have been widely used in biomedicine, food packaging, aerospace, composite material, and other fields. In this work, cellulose obtained from Camellia shells through alkali boiling and subbleaching was micro-dissolved and regenerated using the DMAc (N,N-Dimethylacetamide)/LiCl system, and TOCNs (TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers) with different degrees of oxidation. The membrane was prepared by filtration of polytetrafluoroethylene (pore size 0.1 μm), and the oxidized nanocellulose film was obtained after drying, Then, the crystallinity, mechanical properties and oxygen barrier properties of the TOCN film were investigated. Furthermore, based on TS (tea saponin) from Camellia oleifera seed cake and TOCNs, TS-TOCN film was prepared by the heterogeneous reaction. The TS-TOCN film not only shows excellent oxygen barrier properties (the oxygen permeability is 2.88 cc·m-2·d-1) but also has good antibacterial effects on both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The antibacterial property is comparable to ZnO-TOCN with the same antibacterial content prepared by the in-situ deposition method. Antioxidant activity tests in vitro showed that TS-TOCN had a significant scavenging effect on DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radicals. This design strategy makes it possible for inexpensive and abundant Camellia oleifera remainders to be widely used in the field of biobased materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China; (Y.H.); (Y.C.)
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3
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Patterson GD, McManus JD, Orts WJ, Hsieh YL. Protonation of Surface Carboxyls on Rice Straw Cellulose Nanofibrils: Effect on the Aerogel Structure, Modulus, Strength, and Wet Resiliency. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:2052-2062. [PMID: 37040473 PMCID: PMC10170510 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Rice straw cellulose nanofibrils from the optimal 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl oxidation/blending process carrying 1.17 mmol/g surface carboxyls were protonated to varying charged (COO-Na+) and uncharged (COOH) surfaces. Reducing the electrostatic repulsion of surface charges by protonation with hydrochloric acid from 11 to 45 and 100% surface carboxylic acid most prominently reduced the aerogel densities from 8.0 to 6.6 and 5.2 mg/cm3 while increasing the mostly open cell pore volumes from 125 to 152 and 196 mL/g. Irrespective of charge levels, all aerogels were amphiphilic, super-absorptive, stable at pH 2 for up to 30 days, and resilient for up to 10 repetitive squeezing-absorption cycles. While these aerogels exhibited density-dependent dry [11.3 to 1.5 kPa/(mg/cm3)] and reduced wet [3.3 to 1.4 kPa/(mg/cm3)] moduli, the absorption of organic liquids stiffened the saturated aerogels. These data support protonation as a critical yet simple approach toward precise control of aerogels' dry and wet properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel D Patterson
- Bioproducts Research Unit, WRRC, ARS-USDA, Albany, California 94710, United States
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - James D McManus
- Bioproducts Research Unit, WRRC, ARS-USDA, Albany, California 94710, United States
| | - William J Orts
- Bioproducts Research Unit, WRRC, ARS-USDA, Albany, California 94710, United States
| | - You-Lo Hsieh
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
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Jin B, Wang H, Xu H, Wu H, Wu W, Yuan Z, Huang Z, Wang Y, Wu J. Bio-inspired nacre-like composites with excellent mechanical properties, gas-barrier function and fire-retardant performances based on self-assembly between hyperbranched poly(amido amine)s and montmorillonite. RSC Adv 2023; 13:3661-3668. [PMID: 36756571 PMCID: PMC9890961 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07647k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The fabrication of mechanically robust multifunctional nanocomposite (NC) films using simple but effective strategies is a long-term challenge. Inspired by natural nacre, we designed and fabricated high-performance nacre-like NC films (Na-MTM/HBP) through the self-assembly of the hyperbranched poly(amido amine) (HBP) and montmorillonite (Na-MTM) using a vacuum filtration approach. The optimal Na-MTM/HBP NC film shows excellent mechanical strength (106 MPa), which can be attributed to the formation of numerous hydrogen bonds and the electrostatic interactions between hyperbranched HBP and Na-MTM nanosheets. Such films also exhibit excellent gas barrier and fire-fire-retardant owing to the high aspect ratio of the Na-MTM nanosheets. In this work, a class of high-performance NC films exhibiting good mechanical, gas barrier, and flame retardancy properties have been developed. These NC films have great potential in packing or coating materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biqiang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China .,College of Science, Xichang University Xichang 615000 China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Hu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Haitao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Wenqiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Zhaoyang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Zhendong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Yinghan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Jinrong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
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5
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Amorphous cellulose nanofiber supercapacitors with voltage-charging performance. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5619. [PMID: 35379886 PMCID: PMC8980078 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09649-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The electric charge storage properties of amorphous cellulose nanofiber (ACF) supercapacitors with different metal carboxylate radicals (COOM; M: Na(I), Ca(II), Al(III)) was investigated in terms of charging/discharging behaviours, alternating current impedance analysis, and plane-wave-based first-principles density functional calculations. Na-ACF exhibited a higher storage effect than Ca- and Al-ACFs. The charge storage mechanism for an Na-ACF supercapacitor was proposed using an electric double layer model in a C12H17O11Na electrolyte with an electrical resistivity of 6.8 × 103 Ω cm, based on the migration of protonic soliton. The supercapacitor, which demonstrated fast charging upon voltage application, could illuminate a white LED for 7 s after charging with 10 mA at 18.5 V.
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Das R, Lindström T, Sharma PR, Chi K, Hsiao BS. Nanocellulose for Sustainable Water Purification. Chem Rev 2022; 122:8936-9031. [PMID: 35330990 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanocelluloses (NC) are nature-based sustainable biomaterials, which not only possess cellulosic properties but also have the important hallmarks of nanomaterials, such as large surface area, versatile reactive sites or functionalities, and scaffolding stability to host inorganic nanoparticles. This class of nanomaterials offers new opportunities for a broad spectrum of applications for clean water production that were once thought impractical. This Review covers substantial discussions based on evaluative judgments of the recent literature and technical advancements in the fields of coagulation/flocculation, adsorption, photocatalysis, and membrane filtration for water decontamination through proper understanding of fundamental knowledge of NC, such as purity, crystallinity, surface chemistry and charge, suspension rheology, morphology, mechanical properties, and film stability. To supplement these, discussions on low-cost and scalable NC extraction, new characterizations including solution small-angle X-ray scattering evaluation, and structure-property relationships of NC are also reviewed. Identifying knowledge gaps and drawing perspectives could generate guidance to overcome uncertainties associated with the adaptation of NC-enabled water purification technologies. Furthermore, the topics of simultaneous removal of multipollutants disposal and proper handling of post/spent NC are discussed. We believe NC-enabled remediation nanomaterials can be integrated into a broad range of water treatments, greatly improving the cost-effectiveness and sustainability of water purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasel Das
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Tom Lindström
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States.,KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden
| | - Priyanka R Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Kai Chi
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Benjamin S Hsiao
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
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The porosity of carbohydrate-based spray-dried microparticles containing limonene stabilized by pea protein: Correlation between porosity and oxidative stability. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:878-885. [PMID: 35647558 PMCID: PMC9136181 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Du L, Yu H, Zhang B, Tang R, Zhang Y, Qi C, Wolcott MP, Yu Z, Wang J. Transparent oxygen barrier nanocellulose composite films with a sandwich structure. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 268:118206. [PMID: 34127230 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Transparent gas barrier materials have extensive applications in packaging, pharmaceutical preservation, and electronics. Herein, we designed transparent films with a symmetric sandwich structure using layer-by-layer assembly of biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) and acrylic resin (AR) followed by a cellulose nanoparticle (CNP) layer. The BOPP as a substrate created a barrier to hinder the transmission of water molecules to the adhesive AR layer and gas barrier functional CNP layer. The aspect ratio of the CNPs was shown to affect the film microstructure, resulting in different values for the oxygen transmission rate (OTR). The well-organized CNP layer exhibited lower OTR when compared with the network layer. The thickness, density, and porosity of the CNP layer exhibited correlations with OTR. The water molecules were able to flow in through an additional pathway, thus increasing the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR). Moreover, these sandwiched cellulose composite films showed excellent light transmittance and tensile strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanxing Du
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agriculture University, Baoding 071000, China; College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Composite Materials and Engineering Center, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163, USA.
| | - Haonan Yu
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agriculture University, Baoding 071000, China.
| | - Bohan Zhang
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agriculture University, Baoding 071000, China.
| | - Ruilin Tang
- College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yang Zhang
- College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Chusheng Qi
- College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Michael P Wolcott
- Composite Materials and Engineering Center, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163, USA.
| | - Zhiming Yu
- College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jinwu Wang
- Forest Products Laboratory, U. S. Forest Service, Madison, WI 53726, USA.
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9
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Ventura-Cruz S, Tecante A. Nanocellulose and microcrystalline cellulose from agricultural waste: Review on isolation and application as reinforcement in polymeric matrices. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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10
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Htira T, Zid S, Zinet M, Espuche E. Finite Element Analysis of Gas Diffusion in Polymer Nanocomposite Systems Containing Rod-like Nanofillers. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13162615. [PMID: 34451155 PMCID: PMC8399843 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymer-based films with improved gas barrier properties are of great interest for a large range of applications, including packaging and coatings. The barrier effect is generally obtained via the addition of a sufficient amount of impermeable nanofillers within the polymer matrix. Due to their low environmental footprint, bio-based nanocomposites such as poly(lactic acid)-cellulose nanocrystal (PLA-CNC) nanocomposites seem to be an interesting alternative to synthetic-polymer-based nanocomposites. The morphology of such systems consists of the dispersion of impermeable rod-like fillers of finite length in a more permeable matrix. The aim of this work is to analyze, through finite element modeling (FEM), the diffusion behavior of 3D systems representative of PLA-CNC nanocomposites, allowing the determination of the nanocomposites' effective diffusivity. Parametric studies are carried out to evaluate the effects of various parameters, such as the filler volume fraction, aspect ratio, polydispersity, and agglomeration, on the improvement of the barrier properties. The role of the filler-matrix interfacial area (or interphase) is also investigated and is shown to be particularly critical to the overall barrier effect for highly diffusive interphases.
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Isogai A. Emerging Nanocellulose Technologies: Recent Developments. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2000630. [PMID: 32686197 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202000630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Nanocelluloses have unique morphologies, characteristics, and surface nanostructures, and are prepared from abundant and renewable plant biomass resources. Therefore, expansion of the use of CO2 -accumulating nanocelluloses is expected to partly contribute to the establishment of a sustainable society and help overcome current global environmental issues. Nanocelluloses can be categorized into cellulose nanonetworks, cellulose nanofibrils, and cellulose nanocrystals, depending on their morphologies. All of these materials are first obtained as aqueous dispersions. In particular, cellulose nanofibrils have homogeneous ≈3 nm widths and average lengths of >500 nm, and significant amounts of charged groups are present on their surfaces. Such charged groups are formed by carboxymethylation, C6-carboxylation, phosphorylation, phosphite esterification, xanthation, sulfate esterification, and C2/C3 dicarboxylation during the pretreatment of plant cellulose fibers before their conversion into cellulose nanofibrils via mechanical disintegration in water. These surface-charged groups in nanocelluloses can be stoichiometrically counterion-exchanged into diverse metal and alkylammonium ions, resulting in surface-modified nanocelluloses with various new functions including hydrophobic, water-resistant, catalytic, superdeodorant, and gas-separation properties. However, many fundamental and application-related issues facing nanocelluloses must first be overcome to enable their further expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Isogai
- Department of Biomaterial Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
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Wu Z, Tang S, Deng W, Luo J, Wang X. Antibacterial chitosan composite films with food-inspired carbon spheres immobilized AgNPs. Food Chem 2021; 363:130342. [PMID: 34144414 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The cumulative toxicity of AgNPs has limited their application in food packaging. As such, the quest for AgNPs should focus on controlling their release to reduce the cumulative toxicity. Here, two kinds of green hydrothermal carbonized methods were used to treat sulfhydryl-modified chitosan to obtain two kinds of carbon spheres/AgNPs (Glutinous rice sesameballs-like AgNPs-SMCS and dragon fruit-like SMCS-Ag), which exhibited good stability and high immobilization efficiency for AgNPs, and the release of total Ag from AgNPs-SMCS and SMCS-Ag were only about 5.63% and 3.59% after 14 days, respectively. Subsequently, they were added into chitosan separately to prepare chitosan-based films. Two carbon spheres/AgNPs regulated the microstructure of chitosan-based films because of the electrostatic interaction and the micro-nanometer filling behavior, thus further immobilized the AgNPs. Importantly, the films presented good antibacterial activity and excellent safety. These results will provide a theoretical basis for the green and safe design of AgNPs antibacterial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengguo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Shuwei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Weijie Deng
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiwen Luo
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Lazić V, Vivod V, Peršin Z, Stoiljković M, Ratnayake IS, Ahrenkiel PS, Nedeljković JM, Kokol V. Dextran-coated silver nanoparticles for improved barrier and controlled antimicrobial properties of nanocellulose films used in food packaging. Food Packag Shelf Life 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2020.100575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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14
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Mianehrow H, Lo Re G, Carosio F, Fina A, Larsson PT, Chen P, Berglund LA. Strong Reinforcement Effects in 2D Cellulose Nanofibril-Graphene Oxide (CNF-GO) Nanocomposites due to GO-Induced CNF Ordering. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. A 2020; 8:17608-17620. [PMID: 33796318 PMCID: PMC8009442 DOI: 10.1039/d0ta04406g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanocomposites from native cellulose with low 2D nanoplatelet content are of interest as sustainable materials combining functional and structural performance. Cellulose nanofibril-graphene oxide (CNF-GO) nanocomposite films are prepared by a physical mixing-drying method, with focus on low GO content, the use of very large GO platelets (2-45μm) and nanostructural characterization using synchrotron x-ray source for WAXS and SAXS. These nanocomposites can be used as transparent coatings, strong films or membranes, as gas barriers or in laminated form. CNF nanofibrils with random in-plane orientation, form a continuous non-porous matrix with GO platelets oriented in-plane. GO reinforcement mechanisms in CNF are investigated, and relationships between nanostructure and suspension rheology, mechanical properties, optical transmittance and oxygen barrier properties are investigated as a function of GO content. A much higher modulus reinforcement efficency is observed than in previous polymer-GO studies. The absolute values for modulus and ultimate strength are as high as 17 GPa and 250 MPa at a GO content as small as 0.07 vol%. The remarkable reinforcement efficiency is due to improved organization of the CNF matrix; and this GO-induced mechanism is of general interest for nanostructural tailoring of CNF-2D nanoplatelet composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Mianehrow
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Giada Lo Re
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Industrial and Materials Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Rännvägen 2, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Federico Carosio
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino, Alessandria Campus, Via Teresa Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Alberto Fina
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino, Alessandria Campus, Via Teresa Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Per Tomas Larsson
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- RISE Bioeconomy, Drottning Kristinas Väg 61, SE-11486 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pan Chen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Cellulose and its Derivatives, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lars A Berglund
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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Araki J, Miyayama M. Wet spinning of cellulose nanowhiskers; fiber yarns obtained only from colloidal cellulose crystals. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.122116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
Cellulose widely existed in plants and bacteria, which takes important effect on the synthesis of macromolecule polymer material. Because of its great material properties, the cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) showed its necessary prospect in various industrial applications. As a renewable future material, the preparation methods of the CNC were reviewed in this paper. Meanwhile, the important applications of CNC in the field of composites, barrier film, electronics, and energy consumption were also mentioned with brief introductions. The summarized preparations and considerable applications provided operable ideas and methods for the future high-end and eco-friendly functional composites. Suggestions for potential applications were also discussed.
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17
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Zhu J, Sun Y, Sun W, Meng Z, Shi Q, Zhu X, Gan H, Gu R, Wu Z, Dou G. Calcium ion–exchange cross-linked porous starch microparticles with improved hemostatic properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 134:435-444. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.05.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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18
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Xing Y, Li W, Wang Q, Li X, Xu Q, Guo X, Bi X, Liu X, Shui Y, Lin H, Yang H. Antimicrobial Nanoparticles Incorporated in Edible Coatings and Films for the Preservation of Fruits and Vegetables. Molecules 2019; 24:E1695. [PMID: 31052263 PMCID: PMC6539459 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Edible coatings and films (ECF) are employed as matrixes for incorporating antimicrobial nanoparticles (NPs), and then they are applied on the fruits and vegetables to prolong shelf life and enhance storage quality. This paper provides a comprehensive review on the preparation, antimicrobial properties and mechanisms, surface and physical qualities of ECF containing antimicrobial NPs, and its efficient application to vegetables and fruits as well. Following an introduction on the properties of the main edible coating materials, the preparation technologies of ECF with NPs are summarized. The antimicrobial activity of ECF with NPs against the tested microorganism was observed by many researchers. This might be mainly due to the electrostatic interaction between the cationic polymer or free metal ions and the charged cell membrane, the photocatalytic reaction of NPs, the detachment of free metal ion, and partly due to the antimicrobial activity of edible materials. Moreover, their physical, mechanical and releasing properties are discussed in detail, which might be influenced by the concentration of NPs. The preservation potential on the quality of fruits and vegetables indicates that various ECF with NPs might be used as the ideal materials for food application. Following the introduction on these characteristics, an attempt is made to predict future trends in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yage Xing
- Key Laboratory of Grain and Oil Processing and Food Safety of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China.
| | - Wenxiu Li
- Key Laboratory of Grain and Oil Processing and Food Safety of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China.
| | - Qin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Grain and Oil Processing and Food Safety of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China.
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Maryland University, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Xuanlin Li
- Key Laboratory of Grain and Oil Processing and Food Safety of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China.
- Key Laboratory of Food Non-Thermal Processing, Engineering Technology Research Center of Food Non-Thermal Processing, Yibin Xihua University Research Institute, Yibin 644004, China.
| | - Qinglian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Grain and Oil Processing and Food Safety of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China.
| | - Xunlian Guo
- Key Laboratory of Grain and Oil Processing and Food Safety of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China.
| | - Xiufang Bi
- Key Laboratory of Grain and Oil Processing and Food Safety of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China.
| | - Xiaocui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Grain and Oil Processing and Food Safety of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China.
| | - Yuru Shui
- Key Laboratory of Grain and Oil Processing and Food Safety of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China.
- Key Laboratory of Food Non-Thermal Processing, Engineering Technology Research Center of Food Non-Thermal Processing, Yibin Xihua University Research Institute, Yibin 644004, China.
| | - Hongbin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Grain and Oil Processing and Food Safety of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China.
| | - Hua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Grain and Oil Processing and Food Safety of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China.
- Key Laboratory of Food Non-Thermal Processing, Engineering Technology Research Center of Food Non-Thermal Processing, Yibin Xihua University Research Institute, Yibin 644004, China.
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Kubo R, Saito T, Isogai A. Dual Counterion Systems of Carboxylated Nanocellulose Films with Tunable Mechanical, Hydrophilic, and Gas-Barrier Properties. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:1691-1698. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryuji Kubo
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Tsuguyuki Saito
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Akira Isogai
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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20
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Multifunctional nano-cellulose composite films with grape seed extracts and immobilized silver nanoparticles. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 205:447-455. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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21
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Szymańska-Chargot M, Chylińska M, Pieczywek PM, Zdunek A. Tailored nanocellulose structure depending on the origin. Example of apple parenchyma and carrot root celluloses. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 210:186-195. [PMID: 30732753 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose is the major polysaccharide of cell walls in every plant, making it one of the most abundant natural polymers on Earth. However, despite many decades of investigations, the supramolecular structure of cellulose and especially its variation in the cell walls of different plants have still not been fully revealed. In the present study, cellulose from the parenchymatic tissue of apple fruits and carrot roots was isolated, and nanocellulose was further prepared by high-intensity ultrasonication. AFM revealed that the obtained nanocellulose differed in dimension between the two plant species. Compared with carrot cellulose, whose nanocellulose was obtained in the form of whiskers, apple cellulose had longer and thinner nanofibrils. Both nanocellulose types also differed in terms of their crystalline structure. XRD data indicated that, compared with the apple cellulose, the carrot cellulose had a higher degree of crystallinity and larger crystallites. Moreover, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy revealed differences between the cellulose types in terms of their methine environment, hydroxymethyl conformations and skeletal vibrations. Additionally, with respect to their mechanical properties, the less crystalline apple cellulose and nanocellulose films were more elastic than the stiffer carrot cellulose and nanocellulose films. The possible reason for such differences between the two cellulose types is related to differences in plant tissue morphology and function. During development, apple fruit cell walls must withstand increasing turgor, probably higher that in the case of carrot tissue; therefore, the cellulose scaffolding must be elastic and strong. On the other hand, carrot, a root vegetable, also has to be strong enough to penetrate the soil as well as for its own growth; thus, the cell wall and cellulose scaffold have to be stiff and tough. Thus the structure of nanocellulose depends not only on the treatment but also on the cellulose source.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Monika Chylińska
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doswiadczalna 4, 20-290, Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr M Pieczywek
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doswiadczalna 4, 20-290, Lublin, Poland
| | - Artur Zdunek
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doswiadczalna 4, 20-290, Lublin, Poland
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23
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Börjesson M, Larsson A, Westman G, Ström A. Periodate oxidation of xylan-based hemicelluloses and its effect on their thermal properties. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 202:280-287. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.08.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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24
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Cheng G, Zhu P, Li J, Cheng F, Lin Y, Zhou M. All-cellulose films with excellent strength and toughness via a facile approach of dissolution-regeneration. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Geng Cheng
- Textile Institute, College of Light Industry, Textile and Food Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Puxin Zhu
- Textile Institute, College of Light Industry, Textile and Food Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Jiali Li
- Textile Institute, College of Light Industry, Textile and Food Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Fei Cheng
- Textile Institute, College of Light Industry, Textile and Food Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Yi Lin
- Textile Institute, College of Light Industry, Textile and Food Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Mi Zhou
- Textile Institute, College of Light Industry, Textile and Food Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
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25
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Ilves M, Vilske S, Aimonen K, Lindberg HK, Pesonen S, Wedin I, Nuopponen M, Vanhala E, Højgaard C, Winther JR, Willemoës M, Vogel U, Wolff H, Norppa H, Savolainen K, Alenius H. Nanofibrillated cellulose causes acute pulmonary inflammation that subsides within a month. Nanotoxicology 2018; 12:729-746. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2018.1472312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marit Ilves
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sara Vilske
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kukka Aimonen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Saila Pesonen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Esa Vanhala
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Casper Højgaard
- Liderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob R. Winther
- Liderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Willemoës
- Liderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Wolff
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannu Norppa
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kai Savolainen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Harri Alenius
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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26
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Torstensen JØ, Liu M, Jin SA, Deng L, Hawari AI, Syverud K, Spontak RJ, Gregersen ØW. Swelling and Free-Volume Characteristics of TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibril Films. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:1016-1025. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Ø. Torstensen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Soo-Ah Jin
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Liyuan Deng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ayman I. Hawari
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Kristin Syverud
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
- RISE PFI AS, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Richard J. Spontak
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Øyvind W. Gregersen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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27
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Wu Y, Wang F, Huang Y. Comparative Evaluation of Biological Performance, Biosecurity, and Availability of Cellulose-Based Absorbable Hemostats. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2018; 24:566-574. [PMID: 29363998 PMCID: PMC6714697 DOI: 10.1177/1076029617751177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhage remains a leading cause of death after trauma, and developing a hemostat with excellent performance and good biosecurity is an extremely active area of research and commercial product development. Although oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC) has been developed to address these problems, it is not always efficient and its biosecurity is not perfect. We aimed to refine ORC via a simple and mild neutralization method. The prepared neutralized oxidized regenerated cellulose (NORC) showed a superior gel property due to its chemical structure. The biological performance of both ORC and NORC was systematically evaluated; the results showed that ORC would induce erythema and edema in the irritation test, whereas NORC did not cause any adverse inflammation, indicating NORC had desirable biocompatibility. We further demonstrated that NORC confirmed to the toxicity requirements of International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards; however, ORC showed an unacceptable cytotoxicity. The rabbit hepatic defect model stated that NORC exhibited better ability of hemostasis, which was attributed to its significant gel performance in physiological environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Wu
- 1 MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Fang Wang
- 1 MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yudong Huang
- 1 MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
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28
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Positronium probes free volume to identify para- and meta-aramid fibers and correlation with mechanical strength. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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29
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Cellulose nanofibers as excipient for the delivery of poorly soluble drugs. Int J Pharm 2017; 533:285-297. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.09.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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31
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Partitioned airs at microscale and nanoscale: thermal diffusivity in ultrahigh porosity solids of nanocellulose. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20434. [PMID: 26830144 PMCID: PMC4735846 DOI: 10.1038/srep20434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
High porosity solids, such as plastic foams and aerogels, are thermally insulating. Their insulation performance strongly depends on their pore structure, which dictates the heat transfer process in the material. Understanding such a relationship is essential to realizing highly efficient thermal insulators. Herein, we compare the heat transfer properties of foams and aerogels that have very high porosities (97.3-99.7%) and an identical composition (nanocellulose). The foams feature rather closed, microscale pores formed with a thin film-like solid phase, whereas the aerogels feature nanoscale open pores formed with a nanofibrous network-like solid skeleton. Unlike the aerogel samples, the thermal diffusivity of the foam decreases considerably with a slight increase in the solid fraction. The results indicate that for suppressing the thermal diffusion of air within high porosity solids, creating microscale spaces with distinct partitions is more effective than directly blocking the free path of air molecules at the nanoscale.
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32
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Svagan A, Bender Koch C, Hedenqvist M, Nilsson F, Glasser G, Baluschev S, Andersen M. Liquid-core nanocellulose-shell capsules with tunable oxygen permeability. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 136:292-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Revised: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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33
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Orsolini P, Michen B, Huch A, Tingaut P, Caseri WR, Zimmermann T. Characterization of Pores in Dense Nanopapers and Nanofibrillated Cellulose Membranes: A Critical Assessment of Established Methods. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:25884-25897. [PMID: 26516781 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b08308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) is a natural fibrous material that can be readily processed into membranes. NFC membranes for fluid separation work in aqueous medium, thus in their swollen state. The present study is devoted to a critical investigation of porosity, pore volume, specific surface area, and pore size distribution of dry and wet NFC nanopapers, also known as membranes, with various established techniques, such as electron microscopy, helium pycnometry, mercury intrusion, gas adsorption (N2 and Kr), and thermoporometry. Although these techniques can be successfully applied to inorganic materials (e.g., mesoporous silica), it is necessary to appraise them for organic and hydrophilic products such as NFC membranes. This is due to different phenomena occurring at the materials interfaces with the probing fluids. Mercury intrusion and gas adsorption are often used for the characterization of porosity-related properties; nevertheless, both techniques characterize materials in the dry state. In parallel, thermoporometry was employed to monitor the structure changes upon swelling, and a water permeance test was run to show the accessibility of the membranes to fluids. For the first time, the methods were systematically screened, and we highlighted the need of uniform sample treatments prior to the measurements (i.e., sample cutting and outgassing protocols) in order to harmonize results from the literature. The need for revising the applicability range of mercury intrusion and the inappropriateness of nitrogen adsorption were pointed out. We finally present a table for selecting the most appropriate method to determine a desired property and propose guidelines for results interpretation from which future users could profit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Orsolini
- Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, Applied Wood Materials Laboratory , CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Michen
- Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, Applied Wood Materials Laboratory , CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Anja Huch
- Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, Applied Wood Materials Laboratory , CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Tingaut
- Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, Applied Wood Materials Laboratory , CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Tanja Zimmermann
- Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, Applied Wood Materials Laboratory , CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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34
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Seantier B, Bendahou D, Bendahou A, Grohens Y, Kaddami H. Multi-scale cellulose based new bio-aerogel composites with thermal super-insulating and tunable mechanical properties. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 138:335-48. [PMID: 26794770 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Bio-composite aerogels based on bleached cellulose fibers (BCF) and cellulose nanoparticles having various morphological and physico-chemical characteristics are prepared by a freeze-drying technique and characterized. The various composite aerogels obtained were compared to a BCF aerogel used as the reference. Severe changes in the material morphology were observed by SEM and AFM due to a variation of the cellulose nanoparticle properties such as the aspect ratio, the crystalline index and the surface charge density. BCF fibers form a 3D network and they are surrounded by the cellulose nanoparticle thin films inducing a significant reduction of the size of the pores in comparison with a neat BCF based aerogel. BET analyses confirm the appearance of a new organization structure with pores of nanometric sizes. As a consequence, a decrease of the thermal conductivities is observed from 28mWm(-1)K(-1) (BCF aerogel) to 23mWm(-1)K(-1) (bio-composite aerogel), which is below the air conductivity (25mWm(-1)K(-1)). This improvement of the insulation properties for composite materials is more pronounced for aerogels based on cellulose nanoparticles having a low crystalline index and high surface charge (NFC-2h). The significant improvement of their insulation properties allows the bio-composite aerogels to enter the super-insulating materials family. The characteristics of cellulose nanoparticles also influence the mechanical properties of the bio-composite aerogels. A significant improvement of the mechanical properties under compression is obtained by self-organization, yielding a multi-scale architecture of the cellulose nanoparticles in the bio-composite aerogels. In this case, the mechanical property is more dependent on the morphology of the composite aerogel rather than the intrinsic characteristics of the cellulose nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastien Seantier
- Université de Bretagne Sud, Laboratoire Ingénierie des Matériaux de Bretagne, BP 92116, 56321 Lorient Cedex, France
| | - Dounia Bendahou
- Université de Bretagne Sud, Laboratoire Ingénierie des Matériaux de Bretagne, BP 92116, 56321 Lorient Cedex, France; Cadi Ayyad University, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Laboratory of Organometallic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Avenue AbdelkrimElkhattabi, B.P. 549, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Abdelkader Bendahou
- Université de Bretagne Sud, Laboratoire Ingénierie des Matériaux de Bretagne, BP 92116, 56321 Lorient Cedex, France
| | - Yves Grohens
- Université de Bretagne Sud, Laboratoire Ingénierie des Matériaux de Bretagne, BP 92116, 56321 Lorient Cedex, France.
| | - Hamid Kaddami
- Cadi Ayyad University, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Laboratory of Organometallic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Avenue AbdelkrimElkhattabi, B.P. 549, Marrakech, Morocco.
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35
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Yang Q, Saito T, Berglund LA, Isogai A. Cellulose nanofibrils improve the properties of all-cellulose composites by the nano-reinforcement mechanism and nanofibril-induced crystallization. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:17957-17963. [PMID: 26465589 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr05511c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
All-cellulose nanocomposite films containing crystalline TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (TOCNs) of 0-1 wt% were fabricated by mixing aqueous TOCN dispersions with alkali/urea/cellulose (AUC) solutions at room temperature. The mixtures were cast on glass plates, soaked in an acid solution, and the regenerated gel-like films were washed with water and then dried. The TOCN did not form agglomerates in the composites, and had the structure of TOCN-COOH, forming hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl groups of the regenerated cellulose molecules. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the matrix cellulose molecules increased the cellulose II crystal size upon incorporation of TOCN. As a result, the TOCN/AUC composite films had high Young's modulus, tensile strength, thermal stability and oxygen-barrier properties. The TOCN/AUC composite films are promising all-cellulose nanocomposites for versatile applications as new bio-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanling Yang
- Department of Biomaterials Science, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
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36
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Shimizu M, Saito T, Fukuzumi H, Isogai A. Hydrophobic, Ductile, and Transparent Nanocellulose Films with Quaternary Alkylammonium Carboxylates on Nanofibril Surfaces. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:4320-5. [DOI: 10.1021/bm501329v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Shimizu
- Department
of Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life
Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Tsuguyuki Saito
- Department
of Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life
Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Hayaka Fukuzumi
- Department
of Chemistry and Material Science, Graduate School of Science and
Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Akira Isogai
- Department
of Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life
Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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37
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Svagan AJ, Busko D, Avlasevich Y, Glasser G, Baluschev S, Landfester K. Photon energy upconverting nanopaper: a bioinspired oxygen protection strategy. ACS NANO 2014; 8:8198-8207. [PMID: 25019338 DOI: 10.1021/nn502496a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of solid materials which are able to upconvert optical radiation into photons of higher energy is attractive for many applications such as photocatalytic cells and photovoltaic devices. However, to fully exploit triplet-triplet annihilation photon energy upconversion (TTA-UC), oxygen protection is imperative because molecular oxygen is an ultimate quencher of the photon upconversion process. So far, reported solid TTA-UC materials have focused mainly on elastomeric matrices with low barrier properties because the TTA-UC efficiency generally drops significantly in glassy and semicrystalline matrices. To overcome this limit, for example, combine effective and sustainable annihilation upconversion with exhaustive oxygen protection of dyes, we prepare a sustainable solid-state-like material based on nanocellulose. Inspired by the structural buildup of leaves in Nature, we compartmentalize the dyes in the liquid core of nanocellulose-based capsules which are then further embedded in a cellulose nanofibers (NFC) matrix. Using pristine cellulose nanofibers, a sustainable and environmentally friendly functional nanomaterial with ultrahigh barrier properties is achieved. Also, an ensemble of sensitizers and emitter compounds are encapsulated, which allow harvesting of the energy of the whole deep-red sunlight region. The films demonstrate excellent lifetime in synthetic air (20.5/79.5, O2/N2)-even after 1 h operation, the intensity of the TTA-UC signal decreased only 7.8% for the film with 8.8 μm thick NFC coating. The lifetime can be further modulated by the thickness of the protective NFC coating. For comparison, the lifetime of TTA-UC in liquids exposed to air is on the level of seconds to minutes due to fast oxygen quenching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna J Svagan
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Kobayashi Y, Kazama S, Inoue K, Toyama T, Nagai Y, Haraya K, Mohamed HFM, O'Rouke BE, Oshima N, Kinomura A, Suzuki R. Positron annihilation in cardo-based polymer membranes. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:6007-14. [PMID: 24815092 DOI: 10.1021/jp501706d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) is applied to a series of bis(aniline)fluorene and bis(xylidine)fluorene-based cardo polyimide and bis(phenol)fluorene-based polysulfone membranes. It was found that favorable amounts of positronium (Ps, the positron-electron bound state) form in cardo polyimides with the 2,2-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane dianhydride (6FDA) moiety and bis(phenol)fluorene-based cardo polysulfone, but no Ps forms in most of the polyimides with pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA) moieties. A bis(xylidine)fluorene-based polyimide membrane containing PMDA and BTDA moieties exhibits a little Ps formation but the ortho-positronium (o-Ps, the triplet state of Ps) lifetime of this membrane anomalously shortens with increasing temperature, which we attribute to chemical reaction of o-Ps. Correlation between the hole size (V(h)) deduced from the o-Ps lifetime and diffusion coefficients of O2 and N2 for polyimides with the 6FDA moiety and cardo polysulfone showing favorable Ps formation is discussed based on free volume theory of gas diffusion. It is suggested that o-Ps has a strong tendency to probe larger holes in rigid chain polymers with wide hole size distributions such as those containing cardo moieties, resulting in deviations from the previously reported correlations for common polymers such as polystyrene, polycarbonate, polysulfone, and so forth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kobayashi
- Research Institute of Instrumentation Frontier, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology , Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
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Larsson PA, Berglund LA, Wågberg L. Ductile All-Cellulose Nanocomposite Films Fabricated from Core–Shell Structured Cellulose Nanofibrils. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:2218-23. [DOI: 10.1021/bm500360c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Per A. Larsson
- KTH
Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- BiMaC
Innovation, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars A. Berglund
- KTH
Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- BiMaC
Innovation, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Wågberg
- KTH
Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- BiMaC
Innovation, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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40
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Lavoine N, Desloges I, Bras J. Microfibrillated cellulose coatings as new release systems for active packaging. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 103:528-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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41
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Benítez AJ, Torres-Rendon J, Poutanen M, Walther A. Humidity and Multiscale Structure Govern Mechanical Properties and Deformation Modes in Films of Native Cellulose Nanofibrils. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:4497-506. [DOI: 10.1021/bm401451m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro J. Benítez
- DWI at RWTH Aachen University − Institute for Interactive Materials Research, Forckenbeckstr. 50, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jose Torres-Rendon
- DWI at RWTH Aachen University − Institute for Interactive Materials Research, Forckenbeckstr. 50, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Mikko Poutanen
- DWI at RWTH Aachen University − Institute for Interactive Materials Research, Forckenbeckstr. 50, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Walther
- DWI at RWTH Aachen University − Institute for Interactive Materials Research, Forckenbeckstr. 50, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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42
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Puangsin B, Yang Q, Saito T, Isogai A. Comparative characterization of TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibril films prepared from non-wood resources. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 59:208-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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43
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Preparation and characterization of TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils with ammonium carboxylate groups. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 59:99-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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44
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Fukuzumi H, Fujisawa S, Saito T, Isogai A. Selective Permeation of Hydrogen Gas Using Cellulose Nanofibril Film. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:1705-9. [DOI: 10.1021/bm400377e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hayaka Fukuzumi
- Department of Biomaterials Sciences, Graduate School
of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Shuji Fujisawa
- Department of Biomaterials Sciences, Graduate School
of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Tsuguyuki Saito
- Department of Biomaterials Sciences, Graduate School
of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Akira Isogai
- Department of Biomaterials Sciences, Graduate School
of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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45
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Influence of TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibril length on film properties. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 93:172-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Revised: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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46
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Lavoine N, Desloges I, Dufresne A, Bras J. Microfibrillated cellulose – Its barrier properties and applications in cellulosic materials: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 90:735-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 875] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2012] [Revised: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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47
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Cellulose nanofibrils prepared from softwood cellulose by TEMPO/NaClO/NaClO₂ systems in water at pH 4.8 or 6.8. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 51:228-34. [PMID: 22617623 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Revised: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic oxidation of softwood cellulose using NaClO and either 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (4-H-TEMPO) or 4-acetamido-TEMPO (4-AcNH-TEMPO) was applied with NaClO(2) used as a primary oxidant in an aqueous buffer at pH 4.8 or 6.8. When the 4-AcNH-TEMPO-mediated oxidation was applied to softwood cellulose in water at pH 4.8 and 40 °C, the carboxylate content rose to ∼1.3 mmol/g after reaction for 48 h and the DP(v) value was more than 1100. This 4-AcNH-TEMPO-oxidized softwood cellulose was mostly converted to individual nanofibrils by mechanical disintegration in water, with uniform widths of 3-4 nm and lengths greater than 1 μm.
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48
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Wu CN, Saito T, Fujisawa S, Fukuzumi H, Isogai A. Ultrastrong and High Gas-Barrier Nanocellulose/Clay-Layered Composites. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:1927-32. [DOI: 10.1021/bm300465d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Nan Wu
- Department of Biomaterials Sciences,
Graduate School
of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Tsuguyuki Saito
- Department of Biomaterials Sciences,
Graduate School
of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Shuji Fujisawa
- Department of Biomaterials Sciences,
Graduate School
of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Hayaka Fukuzumi
- Department of Biomaterials Sciences,
Graduate School
of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Akira Isogai
- Department of Biomaterials Sciences,
Graduate School
of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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49
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Shinoda R, Saito T, Okita Y, Isogai A. Relationship between Length and Degree of Polymerization of TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibrils. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:842-9. [DOI: 10.1021/bm2017542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 339] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryuji Shinoda
- Department of Biomaterials Sciences, Graduate School
of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Tsuguyuki Saito
- Department of Biomaterials Sciences, Graduate School
of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yusuke Okita
- Department of Biomaterials Sciences, Graduate School
of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Akira Isogai
- Department of Biomaterials Sciences, Graduate School
of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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50
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Qi ZD, Saito T, Fan Y, Isogai A. Multifunctional Coating Films by Layer-by-Layer Deposition of Cellulose and Chitin Nanofibrils. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:553-8. [DOI: 10.1021/bm201659b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Dong Qi
- Graduate School of Agricultural and
Life Science, The University of Tokyo,
1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo
113-8657, Japan
| | - Tsuguyuki Saito
- Graduate School of Agricultural and
Life Science, The University of Tokyo,
1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo
113-8657, Japan
| | - Yimin Fan
- Graduate School of Agricultural and
Life Science, The University of Tokyo,
1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo
113-8657, Japan
| | - Akira Isogai
- Graduate School of Agricultural and
Life Science, The University of Tokyo,
1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo
113-8657, Japan
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