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Aktas B, Ozgun A, Kilickap BD, Garipcan B. Cell adhesion molecule immobilized gold surfaces for enhanced neuron-electrode interfaces. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2024; 112:e35310. [PMID: 37950592 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
To provide a long-term solution for increasing the biocompatibility of neuroprosthetics, approaches to reduce the side effects of invasive neuro-implantable devices are still in need of improvement. Physical, chemical, and bioactive design aspects of the biomaterials are proven to be important for providing proper cell-to-cell, cell-to-material interactions. Particularly, modification of implant surfaces with bioactive cues, especially cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that capitalize on native neural adhesion mechanisms, are promising candidates in favor of providing efficient interfaces. Within this concept, this study utilized specific CAMs, namely N-Cadherin (Neural cadherin, N-Cad) and neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), to enhance neuron-electrode contact by mimicking the cell-to-ECM interactions for improving the survival of cells and promoting neurite outgrowth. For this purpose, representative gold electrode surfaces were modified with N-Cadherin, NCAM, and the mixture (1:1) of these molecules. Modifications were characterized, and the effect of surface modification on both differentiated and undifferentiated neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell lines were compared. The findings demonstrated the successful modification of these molecules which subsequently exhibited biocompatible properties as evidenced by the cell viability results. In cell culture experiments, the CAMs displayed promising results in promoting neurite outgrowth compared to conventional poly-l-lysine coated surfaces, especially NCAM and N-Cad/NCAM modified surfaces clearly showed significant improvement. Overall, this optimized approach is expected to provide an insight into the action mechanisms of cells against the local environment and advance processes for the fabrication of alternative neural interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bengu Aktas
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alp Ozgun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Bora Garipcan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
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2
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Liu W, Xu B, Xue W, Yang B, Fan Y, Chen B, Xiao Z, Xue X, Sun Z, Shu M, Zhang Q, Shi Y, Zhao Y, Dai J. A functional scaffold to promote the migration and neuronal differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells for spinal cord injury repair. Biomaterials 2020; 243:119941. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.119941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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3
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Qin EC, Kandel ME, Liamas E, Shah TB, Kim C, Kaufman CD, Zhang ZJ, Popescu G, Gillette MU, Leckband DE, Kong H. Graphene oxide substrates with N-cadherin stimulates neuronal growth and intracellular transport. Acta Biomater 2019; 90:412-423. [PMID: 30951897 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular transport is fundamental for neuronal function and development and is dependent on the formation of stable actin filaments. N-cadherin, a cell-cell adhesion protein, is actively involved in neuronal growth and actin cytoskeleton organization. Various groups have explored how neurons behaved on substrates engineered to present N-cadherin; however, few efforts have been made to examine how these surfaces modulate neuronal intracellular transport. To address this issue, we assembled a substrate to which recombinant N-cadherin molecules are physiosorbed using graphene oxide (GO) or reduced graphene oxide (rGO). N-cadherin physisorbed on GO and rGO led to a substantial enhancement of intracellular mass transport along neurites relative to N-cadherin on glass, due to increased neuronal adhesion, neurite extensions, dendritic arborization and glial cell adhesion. This study will be broadly useful for recreating active neural tissues in vitro and for improving our understanding of the development, homeostasis, and physiology of neurons. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Intracellular transport of proteins and chemical cues is extremely important for culturing neurons in vitro, as they replenish materials within and facilitate communication between neurons. Various studies have shown that intracellular transport is dependent on the formation of stable actin filaments. However, the extent to which cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion modulates intracellular transport is not heavily explored. In this study, N-cadherin was adsorbed onto graphene oxide-based substrates to understand the role of cadherin at a molecular level and the intracellular transport within cells was examined using spatial light interference microscopy. As such, the results of this study will serve to better understand and harness the role of cell-cell adhesion in neuron development and regeneration.
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4
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Modulation of cell-cell interactions for neural tissue engineering: Potential therapeutic applications of cell adhesion molecules in nerve regeneration. Biomaterials 2019; 197:327-344. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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5
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Tsui C, Koss K, Churchward MA, Todd KG. Biomaterials and glia: Progress on designs to modulate neuroinflammation. Acta Biomater 2019; 83:13-28. [PMID: 30414483 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microglia are multi-functional cells that play a vital role in establishing and maintaining the function of the nervous system and determining the fate of neurons following injury or neuropathology. The roles of microglia are diverse and essential to the capacity of the nervous system to recover from injury, however sustained inflammation can limit recovery and drive chronic disease processes such as neurodegenerative disorders. When assessing implantable therapeutic devices in the central nervous system, an improved lifetime of the implant is considered achievable through the attenuation of microglial inflammation. Consequently, there is a tremendous underexplored potential in biomaterial and engineered design to modulate neuroinflammation for therapeutic benefit. Several strategies for improving device compatibility reviewed here include: biocompatible coatings, improved designs in finer and flexible shapes to reduce tissue shear-related scarring, and loading of anti-inflammatory drugs. Studies about microglial cell cultures in 3D hydrogels and nanoscaffolds to assess various injuries and disorders are also discussed. A variety of other microglia-targeting treatments are also reviewed, including nanoparticulate systems, cellular backpacks, and gold plinths, with the intention of delivering anti-inflammatory drugs by targeting the phagocytic nature of microglia. Overall, this review highlights recent advances in biomaterials targeting microglia and inflammatory function with the potential for improving implant rejection and biocompatibility studies. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, and thus play a central role in the neuroinflammatory response against conditions than span acute injuries, neuropsychiatric disorders, and neurodegenerative disorders. This review article presents a summary of biomaterials research that target microglia and other glial cells in order to attenuate neuroinflammation, including but not limited to: design of mechanically compliant and biocompatible stimulation electrodes, hydrogels for high-throughput 3D modelling of nervous tissue, and uptake of nanoparticle drug delivery systems. The goal of this paper is to identify strengths and gaps in the relevant literature, and to promote further consideration of microglia behaviour and neuroinflammation in biomaterial design.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Tsui
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - K Koss
- Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - M A Churchward
- Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - K G Todd
- Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada.
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6
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Kwon MY, Vega SL, Gramlich WM, Kim M, Mauck RL, Burdick JA. Dose and Timing of N-Cadherin Mimetic Peptides Regulate MSC Chondrogenesis within Hydrogels. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701199. [PMID: 29359863 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The transmembrane glycoprotein N-cadherin (NCad) mediates cell-cell interactions found during mesenchymal condensation and chondrogenesis. Here, NCad-derived peptides (i.e., HAV) are incorporated into hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels with encapsulated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Since the dose and timing of NCad signaling are dynamic, HAV peptide presentation is tuned via alterations in peptide concentration and incorporation of an ADAM10-cleavable domain between the hydrogel and the HAV motif, respectively. HA hydrogels functionalized with HAV result in dose-dependent increases in early chondrogenesis of encapsulated MSCs and resultant cartilage matrix production. For example, type II collagen and glycosaminoglycan production increase ≈9- and 2-fold with the highest dose of HAV (i.e., 2 × 10-3 m), respectively, when compared to unmodified hydrogels, while incorporation of an efficient ADAM10-cleavable domain between the HAV peptide and hydrogel abolishes increases in chondrogenesis and matrix production. Treatment with a small-molecule ADAM10 inhibitor restores the functional effect of the HAV peptide, indicating that timing and duration of HAV peptide presentation is crucial for robust chondrogenesis. This study demonstrates a nuanced approach to the biofunctionalization of hydrogels to better emulate the complex cell microenvironment during embryogenesis toward stem-cell-based cartilage production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Y. Kwon
- Department of Bioengineering University of Pennsylvania 240 Skirkanich Hall, 210 S. 33rd St Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Sebastián L. Vega
- Department of Bioengineering University of Pennsylvania 240 Skirkanich Hall, 210 S. 33rd St Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | | | - Minwook Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Robert L. Mauck
- Department of Bioengineering University of Pennsylvania 240 Skirkanich Hall, 210 S. 33rd St Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Jason A. Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering University of Pennsylvania 240 Skirkanich Hall, 210 S. 33rd St Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
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Li X, Huang W, He B, Zhou L, Huang X, Yao B. Role of blocking ADAM10 hydrolysis site on N-cadherin by single-chain antibody in ventricular remodeling. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:4215-4223. [PMID: 29067106 PMCID: PMC5647691 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the roles of the hydrolytic process of N-cadherin by A disintegrin and metalloproteases 10 (ADAM10) in sustaining myocardial structure and integrity, and discuss the mechanisms of ventricular remodeling in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Single chain variable fragment antibody (ScFv) with the ability to specifically block the ADAM10 hydrolysis site of N-cadherin was designed and constructed. Western blot analysis and flow cytometry were used to detect the expression of N-cadherin and its C-terminal fragment 1 (CTF1) on cardiomyocytes, and cells were also subjected to a cell adhesion assay. Furthermore, in a rat model of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), the effects of intracardiac injection of the recombinant adenovirus on cardiac structure and contractile function were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining and color Doppler echocardiography. The recombinant ScFv-expressing adenoviral plasmid with the ability to block the ADAM10 hydrolysis site on N-cadherin was successfully constructed and efficiently transfected into H9C2 cells. After transfection, N-cadherin protein expression was significantly increased, CTF1 protein was significantly decreased and the adhesion capability of myocardial cells was significantly improved. In the in vivo experiment, N-cadherin expression was significantly increased in the treatment group compared with that in the model group, and the structure and function of the heart were significantly improved. In conclusion, blocking of the ADAM10 hydrolysis site on N-cadherin by ScFv increased N-cadherin expression and improved ventricular remodeling. The present study provided experimental evidence for a novel approach for the treatment and prevention of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoou Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Preclinical Medicine, Wuhan Institute of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Bing He
- Department of Pediatrics, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Lirong Zhou
- Department of Preclinical Medicine, Wuhan Institute of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Xiaogang Huang
- Department of Preclinical Medicine, Wuhan Institute of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Baozhen Yao
- Department of Pediatrics, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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8
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Lim HJ, Mosley MC, Kurosu Y, Smith Callahan LA. Concentration dependent survival and neural differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells cultured on polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate hydrogels possessing a continuous concentration gradient of n-cadherin derived peptide His-Ala-Val-Asp-Lle. Acta Biomater 2017; 56:153-160. [PMID: 27915022 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
N-cadherin cell-cell signaling plays a key role in the structure and function of the nervous system. However, few studies have incorporated bioactive signaling from n-cadherin into tissue engineering matrices. The present study uses a continuous gradient approach in polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate hydrogels to identify concentration dependent effects of n-cadherin peptide, His-Ala-Val-Asp-Lle (HAVDI), on murine embryonic stem cell survival and neural differentiation. The n-cadherin peptide was found to affect the expression of pluripotency marker, alkaline phosphatase, in murine embryonic stem cells cultured on n-cadherin peptide containing hydrogels in a concentration dependent manner. Increasing n-cadherin peptide concentrations in the hydrogels elicited a biphasic response in neurite extension length and mRNA expression of neural differentiation marker, neuron-specific class III β-tubulin, in murine embryonic stem cells cultured on the hydrogels. High concentrations of n-cadherin peptide in the hydrogels were found to increase the expression of apoptotic marker, caspase 3/7, in murine embryonic stem cells compared to that of murine embryonic stem cell cultures on hydrogels containing lower concentrations of n-cadherin peptide. Increasing the n-cadherin peptide concentration in the hydrogels facilitated greater survival of murine embryonic stem cells exposed to increasing oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide exposure. The combinatorial approach presented in this work demonstrates concentration dependent effects of n-cadherin signaling on mouse embryonic stem cell behavior, underscoring the need for the greater use of systematic approaches in tissue engineering matrix design in order to understand and optimize bioactive signaling in the matrix for tissue formation. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Single cell encapsulation is common in tissue engineering matrices. This eliminates cellular access to cell-cell signaling. N-cadherin, a cell-cell signaling molecule, plays a vital role in the development of neural tissues, but has not been well studied as a bioactive signaling element in neural tissue engineering matrices. The present study uses a systematic continuous gradient approach to identify concentration dependent effects of n-cadherin derived peptide, HAVDI, on the survival and neural differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells. This work underscores the need for greater use to combinatorial strategies to understand the effect complex bioactive signaling, such as n-cadherin, and the need to optimize the concentration of such bioactive signaling within tissue engineering matrices for maximal cellular response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ju Lim
- The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States; Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States
| | - Matthew C Mosley
- The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States; Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States
| | - Yuki Kurosu
- The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States; Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States
| | - Laura A Smith Callahan
- The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States; Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States; The Department of Nanomedicine and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States; The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States.
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9
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Lee JW, An H, Lee KY. Introduction of N-cadherin-binding motif to alginate hydrogels for controlled stem cell differentiation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 155:229-237. [PMID: 28432956 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Control of stem cell fate and phenotype using biomimetic synthetic extracellular matrices (ECMs) is an important tissue engineering approach. Many studies have focused on improving cell-matrix interactions. However, proper control of cell-cell interactions using synthetic ECMs could be critical for tissue engineering, especially with undifferentiated stem cells. In this study, alginate hydrogels were modified with a peptide derived from the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5), which is known to bind to N-cadherin, as a cell-cell interaction motif. In vitro changes in the morphology and differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (D1 stem cells) cultured in LRP5-alginate hydrogels were investigated. LRP5-alginate gels successfully induced stem cell aggregation and enhanced chondrogenic differentiation of D1 stem cells, compared to RGD-alginate gels, at low cell density. This approach to tailoring synthetic biomimetic ECMs using cell-cell interaction motifs may be critical in tissue engineering approaches using stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Won Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoseok An
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Kuen Yong Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Ruprecht V, Monzo P, Ravasio A, Yue Z, Makhija E, Strale PO, Gauthier N, Shivashankar GV, Studer V, Albiges-Rizo C, Viasnoff V. How cells respond to environmental cues - insights from bio-functionalized substrates. J Cell Sci 2016; 130:51-61. [PMID: 27856508 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.196162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomimetic materials have long been the (he)art of bioengineering. They usually aim at mimicking in vivo conditions to allow in vitro culture, differentiation and expansion of cells. The past decade has witnessed a considerable amount of progress in soft lithography, bio-inspired micro-fabrication and biochemistry, allowing the design of sophisticated and physiologically relevant micro- and nano-environments. These systems now provide an exquisite toolbox with which we can control a large set of physicochemical environmental parameters that determine cell behavior. Bio-functionalized surfaces have evolved from simple protein-coated solid surfaces or cellular extracts into nano-textured 3D surfaces with controlled rheological and topographical properties. The mechanobiological molecular processes by which cells interact and sense their environment can now be unambiguously understood down to the single-molecule level. This Commentary highlights recent successful examples where bio-functionalized substrates have contributed in raising and answering new questions in the area of extracellular matrix sensing by cells, cell-cell adhesion and cell migration. The use, the availability, the impact and the challenges of such approaches in the field of biology are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Ruprecht
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Andrea Ravasio
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 117411, Singapore
| | - Zhang Yue
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 117411, Singapore
| | - Ekta Makhija
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 117411, Singapore
| | - Pierre Olivier Strale
- CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, Bordeaux F-33000, France
| | | | - G V Shivashankar
- IFOM, Via Adamello, 16, Milano 20139, Italy.,Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 117411, Singapore
| | - Vincent Studer
- CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, Bordeaux F-33000, France
| | - Corinne Albiges-Rizo
- INSERM, U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Institute Albert Bonniot, University Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche F-38700, France
| | - Virgile Viasnoff
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 117411, Singapore .,CNRS UMI 3639, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 117411 Singapore
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11
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Eles JR, Vazquez AL, Snyder NR, Lagenaur C, Murphy MC, Kozai TDY, Cui XT. Neuroadhesive L1 coating attenuates acute microglial attachment to neural electrodes as revealed by live two-photon microscopy. Biomaterials 2016; 113:279-292. [PMID: 27837661 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Implantable neural electrode technologies for chronic neural recordings can restore functional control to paralysis and limb loss victims through brain-machine interfaces. These probes, however, have high failure rates partly due to the biological responses to the probe which generate an inflammatory scar and subsequent neuronal cell death. L1 is a neuronal specific cell adhesion molecule and has been shown to minimize glial scar formation and promote electrode-neuron integration when covalently attached to the surface of neural probes. In this work, the acute microglial response to L1-coated neural probes was evaluated in vivo by implanting coated devices into the cortex of mice with fluorescently labeled microglia, and tracking microglial dynamics with multi-photon microscopy for the ensuing 6 h in order to understand L1's cellular mechanisms of action. Microglia became activated immediately after implantation, extending processes towards both L1-coated and uncoated control probes at similar velocities. After the processes made contact with the probes, microglial processes expanded to cover 47.7% of the control probes' surfaces. For L1-coated probes, however, there was a statistically significant 83% reduction in microglial surface coverage. This effect was sustained through the experiment. At 6 h post-implant, the radius of microglia activation was reduced for the L1 probes by 20%, shifting from 130.0 to 103.5 μm with the coating. Microglia as far as 270 μm from the implant site displayed significantly lower morphological characteristics of activation for the L1 group. These results suggest that the L1 surface treatment works in an acute setting by microglial mediated mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Eles
- Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, United States; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University, United States
| | - Alberto L Vazquez
- Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, United States; Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, United States; Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Noah R Snyder
- Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, United States; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University, United States
| | - Carl Lagenaur
- Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, United States
| | | | - Takashi D Y Kozai
- Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, United States; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University, United States; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, United States; NeuroTech Center of the University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, United States.
| | - X Tracy Cui
- Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, United States; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University, United States; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, United States.
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12
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Ge Y, Lin YH, Lautscham LA, Goldmann WH, Fabry B, Naumann CA. N-cadherin-functionalized polymer-tethered multi-bilayer: a cell surface-mimicking substrate to probe cellular mechanosensitivity. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:8274-8284. [PMID: 27731476 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm01673a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Fate and function of anchorage-dependent cells depend on a variety of environmental cues, including those of mechanical nature. Previous progress in the understanding of cellular mechanosensitivity has been closely linked to the availability of artificial cell substrates of adjustable viscoelasticity, allowing for a direct correlation between substrate stiffness and cell response. Exemplary, polymeric gel substrates with polymer-conjugated cell-substrate linkers provided valuable insight into the role of mechanical signals during cell migration in an extracellular matrix environment. In contrast, less is known about the role of external mechanical signals across cell-cell interfaces, in part, due to the limitations of traditional polymeric substrates to mimic the remarkable dynamics of cell-cell linkages. To overcome this shortcoming, we introduce a cell surface-mimicking cell substrate of adjustable stiffness, which is comprised of a polymer-tethered lipid multi-bilayer stack with N-cadherin linkers. Unlike traditional polymeric cell substrates with polymer-conjugated linkers, this novel artificial cell substrate is able to replicate the dynamic assembly/disassembly of cadherin linkers into linker clusters and the long-range movements of cadherin-based cell-substrate linkages observed at cell-cell interfaces. Moreover, substrate stiffness can be changed by adjusting the number of bilayers in the multi-bilayer stack, thus enabling the analysis of cellular mechanosensitivity in the presence of artificial cell-cell linkages. The presented biomembrane-mimicking cell substrate provides a valuable tool to explore the functional role of mechanical cues from neighboring cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ge
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, 46202 USA.
| | - Y H Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, 46202 USA.
| | - L A Lautscham
- Department of Biophysics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, 91052, Germany
| | - W H Goldmann
- Department of Biophysics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, 91052, Germany
| | - B Fabry
- Department of Biophysics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, 91052, Germany
| | - C A Naumann
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, 46202 USA.
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13
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Vega L JCM, Lee MK, Qin EC, Rich M, Lee KY, Kim DH, Chung HJ, Leckband DE, Kong H. Three Dimensional Conjugation of Recombinant N-Cadherin to a Hydrogel for In Vitro Anisotropic Neural Growth. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:6803-6811. [PMID: 28503305 DOI: 10.1039/c6tb01814a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Living cells are extensively being studied to build functional tissues that are useful for both fundamental and applied bioscience studies. Increasing evidence suggests that cell-cell adhesion controlled by intercellular cadherin junction plays important roles in the quality of the resulting engineered tissue. These findings prompted efforts to interrogate biological effects of cadherin at a molecular scale; however, few efforts were made to harness the effects of cadherin on cells cultured in an in vivo-like three dimensional matrix. To this end, this study reports a hydrogel matrix three dimensionally functionalized with a controlled number of Fc-tagged recombinant N-cadherins (N-Cad-Fc). To retain the desired conformation of N-Cad, these cadherins were immobilized and oriented to the gel by anti-Fc-antibodies chemically coupled to gels. The gels were processed to present N-Cad-Fc in uniaxially aligned microchannels or randomly oriented micropores. Culturing cortical cells in the functionalized gels generated a large fraction of neurons that are functional as indicated by increased intracellular calcium ion concentrations with the microchanneled gel. In contrast, direct N-Cad-Fc immobilization to microchannel or micropore walls of the gel limited the growth of neurons and increased the glial to neuron ratio. The results of this study will be highly useful to organize a wide array of cadherin molecules in a series of biomaterials used for three-dimensional cell culture and to regulate phenotypic activities of tissue-forming cells in an elaborate manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johana C M Vega L
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Min Kyung Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Ellen C Qin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Max Rich
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Kwan Young Lee
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Human and Culture Convergence Technology R&BD Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Ansan-si Gyeonggi-do, 426-910 South Korea
| | - Hee Jung Chung
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Deborah E Leckband
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Hyunjoon Kong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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