1
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Zhao T, Terracciano R, Becker J, Monaco A, Yilmaz G, Becer CR. Hierarchy of Complex Glycomacromolecules: From Controlled Topologies to Biomedical Applications. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:543-575. [PMID: 34982551 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates bearing a distinct complexity use a special code (Glycocode) to communicate with carbohydrate-binding proteins at a high precision to manipulate biological activities in complex biological environments. The level of complexity in carbohydrate-containing macromolecules controls the amount and specificity of information that can be stored in biomacromolecules. Therefore, a better understanding of the glycocode is crucial to open new areas of biomedical applications by controlling or manipulating the interaction between immune cells and pathogens in terms of trafficking and signaling, which would become a powerful tool to prevent infectious diseases. Even though a certain level of progress has been achieved over the past decade, synthetic glycomacromolecules are still lagging far behind naturally existing glycans in terms of complexity and precision because of insufficient and inefficient synthetic techniques. Currently, specific targeting at a cellular level using synthetic glycomacromolecules is still challenging. It is obvious that multidisciplinary collaborations are essential between different specialized disciplines to enhance the carbohydrate receptor-targeting paradigm for new biomedical applications. In this Perspective, recent developments in the synthesis of sophisticated glycomacromolecules are highlighted, and their biological and biomedical applications are also discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tieshuai Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto Terracciano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Jonas Becker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandra Monaco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Gokhan Yilmaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - C Remzi Becer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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2
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Clauss ZS, Kramer JR. Design, synthesis and biological applications of glycopolypeptides. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 169:152-167. [PMID: 33352223 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates play essential structural and biochemical roles in all living organisms. Glycopolymers are attractive as well-defined biomimetic analogs to study carbohydrate-dependent processes, and are widely applicable biocompatible materials in their own right. Glycopolypeptides have shown great promise in this area since they are closer structural mimics of natural glycoproteins than other synthetic glycopolymers and can serve as carriers for biologically active carbohydrates. This review highlights advances in the area of design and synthesis of such materials, and their biomedical applications in therapeutic delivery, tissue engineering, and beyond.
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3
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Liu B, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Gao S, Zhao Y, Ren L, Shi W, Yuan X. Membrane Stabilization of Poly(ethylene glycol)-b-polypeptide-g-trehalose Assists Cryopreservation of Red Blood Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:3294-3303. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lingyue Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Qifa Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Shuhui Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yunhui Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lixia Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Wenxiong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
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4
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Xiong W, Zhang C, Lyu X, Zhou H, Chang W, Bo Y, Chen E, Shen Z, Lu H. Synthesis of modifiable photo-responsive polypeptides bearing allyloxyazobenzene side-chains. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01106d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A photo-responsive and modifiable polypeptide with stable helical conformation was synthesized. The self-assembly and liquid crystalline phase structure were subsequently studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
| | - Chong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
| | - Xiaolin Lyu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
| | - Hantao Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
| | - Wenying Chang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
| | - Yu Bo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
| | - Erqiang Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
| | - Zhihao Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
| | - Hua Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
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5
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Dang J, Ye H, Li Y, Liang Q, Li X, Yin L. Multivalency-assisted membrane-penetrating siRNA delivery sensitizes photothermal ablation via inhibition of tumor glycolysis metabolism. Biomaterials 2019; 223:119463. [PMID: 31521887 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The success of photothermal therapy (PTT) is often hampered by the thermo-resistance of tumor cells mediated by over-expressed heat shock proteins (HSPs). Herein, we developed a guanidine-rich, spherical helical polypeptide (DPP) with multivalency-assisted strong membrane penetrating capability, which mediated effective RNAi against tumor glycolysis metabolism to sensitize PTT. ICG was loaded into the internal cavity of DPP, and siRNA against pyruvate kinase M2 (siPKM2) was condensed by DPP to form positively charged nanocomplexes (NCs). The NCs were further coated with human serum albumin to enhance serum stability, prolong blood circulation, and improve tumor targeting. Due to its multivalent topology, DPP exhibited stronger membrane activity yet lower cytotoxicity than its linear analogue (LPP), thus enabling efficient PKM2 silencing in MCF-7 cells in vitro (~75%) and in vivo (~70%). The PKM2 silencing inhibited tumor glycolysis metabolism and further depleted the energy supply for HSPs production, thus overcoming the heat endurance of tumor cells to strengthen ICG-mediated photothermal ablation. Additionally, siPKM2-mediated energy depletion led to tumor cell starvation, which imparted synergistic anti-cancer effect with PTT. This study therefore provides a promising strategy for designing membrane-penetrating siRNA delivery materials, and it renders a unique RNAi-mediated anti-metabolic mechanism in sensitizing PTT and enabling starvation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Dang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science & Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Huan Ye
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science & Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yongjuan Li
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science & Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Qiujun Liang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science & Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xudong Li
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science & Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Lichen Yin
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science & Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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6
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Ma Z, Zhu XX. Copolymers containing carbohydrates and other biomolecules: design, synthesis and applications. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:1361-1378. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb03162b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights recent progress in random and block copolymers containing sugar and other biocompounds, including their design, synthesis, properties and selected applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Ma
- Département de Chimie
- Université de Montréal
- Montreal
- Canada
| | - X. X. Zhu
- Département de Chimie
- Université de Montréal
- Montreal
- Canada
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7
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Wang, J, Shen, C, Tang, S, Yao, Y. Study of Charge-Conjugated Self-Assembly Behavior of Amphiphilic Block Copolypeptides/Helicene. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc201904038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Abstract
Synthetic peptide-based polymers can fold into different secondary structures in the same way as do proteins. This review article presents how tuning the polypeptide secondary structure could be a key step to modulate various properties in advanced polymeric materials (size, rigidity, self-assembly,etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Bonduelle
- CNRS
- LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination (UPR8241))
- F-31077 Toulouse
- France
- Université de Toulouse
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9
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Poulie CBM, Bunch L. Tetrabutylammonium Fluoride as a Mild and Versatile Reagent for Cleaving Boroxazolidones to Their Corresponding Free α-Amino Acids. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian B. M. Poulie
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Denmark
| | - Lennart Bunch
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Denmark
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10
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Liu Y, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Wang J, Wei K, Chen G, Jiang M. Building Nanowires from Micelles: Hierarchical Self-Assembly of Alternating Amphiphilic Glycopolypeptide Brushes with Pendants of High-Mannose Glycodendron and Oligophenylalanine. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:12387-94. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b05044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yijiang Liu
- The State Key Laboratory
of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular
Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory
of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular
Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zheyu Wang
- The State Key Laboratory
of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular
Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jue Wang
- The State Key Laboratory
of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular
Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Kongchang Wei
- The State Key Laboratory
of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular
Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Guosong Chen
- The State Key Laboratory
of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular
Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ming Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory
of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular
Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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11
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He XP, Zeng YL, Zang Y, Li J, Field RA, Chen GR. Carbohydrate CuAAC click chemistry for therapy and diagnosis. Carbohydr Res 2016; 429:1-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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Dhasaiyan P, Parekh N, Vijai Kumar Reddy T, Sandhya Rani G, Prabhavathi Devi BLA, Prasad BLV. Self-assembly of isomannide-based monoesters of C 18-fatty acids and their cellular uptake studies. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra05608c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The self-assembling behavior of oleic, elaidic and stearic acid-isomannide glycolipids is revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhu Dhasaiyan
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune – 411008
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Nimisha Parekh
- Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune – 411008
- India
| | - T. Vijai Kumar Reddy
- Centre for Lipid Research
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad – 500007
- India
| | - G. Sandhya Rani
- Centre for Lipid Research
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad – 500007
- India
| | | | - B. L. V. Prasad
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune – 411008
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
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13
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Zhao W, Gnanou Y, Hadjichristidis N. Well-defined (co)polypeptides bearing pendant alkyne groups. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py00365f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A novel metal-free strategy, using hydrogen-bonding catalytic ring opening polymerization of alkyne-functionalized N-carboxy anhydrites of α-amino acids, was developed for the synthesis of well-defined polypeptides bearing pendant alkyne groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE)
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)
- Polymer Synthesis Laboratory
- Thuwal 23955
| | - Yves Gnanou
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE)
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Nikos Hadjichristidis
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE)
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)
- Polymer Synthesis Laboratory
- Thuwal 23955
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14
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Sun Y, Hou Y, Zhou X, Yuan J, Wang J, Lu H. Controlled Synthesis and Enzyme-Induced Hydrogelation of Poly(l-phosphotyrosine)s via Ring-Opening Polymerization of α-Amino Acid N-Carboxyanhydride. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:1000-1003. [PMID: 35596435 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosine phosphorylation is an important post-translational modification (PTM) that governs numerous cellular processes. Constructing synthetic phosphotyrosine polypeptides helps expand the horizon of our understanding regarding the fundamental aspects and biological consequences of this PTM. Here, we report the synthesis of a novel monomer, O-diethylphospho l-tyrosine N-carboxyanhydride (pOEt TyrNCA), whose ring-opening polymerization (ROP) mediated by hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) leads to poly(l-phosphotyrosine) (P(pTyr)) derivatives with controllable molecular weights and narrow molecular-weight distributions. Moreover, P(pTyr)15-b-PEG-b-P(pTyr)15 triblock copolymer (TBP15) undergo sol-gel transition in the presence of alkaline phosphatase. The stiffness of the gel is reinforced by the addition of horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide. These phosphotyrosine-mimicking polymers are realized for the first time by NCA polymerization and are promising materials for a variety of biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering,
Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingqin Hou
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering,
Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuhao Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering,
Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingsong Yuan
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering,
Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering,
Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering,
Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J. Deming
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, 5121 Engineering 5, Los
Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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16
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Ankner T, Norberg T, Kihlberg J. Mild Oxidative Cleavage of 9-BBN-Protected Amino Acid Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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17
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Islam M, Shaikh AY, Hotha S. Transition Metals for the Synthesis of Glycopolymers and Glycopolypeptides. Isr J Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201400202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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18
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Guven S, Chen P, Inci F, Tasoglu S, Erkmen B, Demirci U. Multiscale assembly for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Trends Biotechnol 2015; 33:269-279. [PMID: 25796488 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Our understanding of cell biology and its integration with materials science has led to technological innovations in the bioengineering of tissue-mimicking grafts that can be utilized in clinical and pharmaceutical applications. Bioengineering of native-like multiscale building blocks provides refined control over the cellular microenvironment, thus enabling functional tissues. In this review, we focus on assembling building blocks from the biomolecular level to the millimeter scale. We also provide an overview of techniques for assembling molecules, cells, spheroids, and microgels and achieving bottom-up tissue engineering. Additionally, we discuss driving mechanisms for self- and guided assembly to create micro-to-macro scale tissue structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Guven
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Pu Chen
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Fatih Inci
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Savas Tasoglu
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Burcu Erkmen
- BAMM Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- BAMM Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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19
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Rao BV, Manmode S, Hotha S. Propargyl 1,2-Orthoesters for a Catalytic and Stereoselective Synthesis of Pyrimidine Nucleosides. J Org Chem 2015; 80:1499-505. [DOI: 10.1021/jo502413z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Boddu Venkateswara Rao
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education & Research, Pune 411 021, India
| | - Sujit Manmode
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education & Research, Pune 411 021, India
| | - Srinivas Hotha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education & Research, Pune 411 021, India
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