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Dual selective sensor for exosomes in serum using magnetic imprinted polymer isolation sandwiched with aptamer/graphene oxide based FRET fluorescent ignition. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 207:114112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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2
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Park R, Jeon S, Jeong J, Park SY, Han DW, Hong SW. Recent Advances of Point-of-Care Devices Integrated with Molecularly Imprinted Polymers-Based Biosensors: From Biomolecule Sensing Design to Intraoral Fluid Testing. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:136. [PMID: 35323406 PMCID: PMC8946830 DOI: 10.3390/bios12030136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments of point-of-care testing (POCT) and in vitro diagnostic medical devices have provided analytical capabilities and reliable diagnostic results for rapid access at or near the patient's location. Nevertheless, the challenges of reliable diagnosis still remain an important factor in actual clinical trials before on-site medical treatment and making clinical decisions. New classes of POCT devices depict precise diagnostic technologies that can detect biomarkers in biofluids such as sweat, tears, saliva or urine. The introduction of a novel molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) system as an artificial bioreceptor for the POCT devices could be one of the emerging candidates to improve the analytical performance along with physicochemical stability when used in harsh environments. Here, we review the potential availability of MIP-based biorecognition systems as custom artificial receptors with high selectivity and chemical affinity for specific molecules. Further developments to the progress of advanced MIP technology for biomolecule recognition are introduced. Finally, to improve the POCT-based diagnostic system, we summarized the perspectives for high expandability to MIP-based periodontal diagnosis and the future directions of MIP-based biosensors as a wearable format.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowoon Park
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (R.P.); (S.J.); (J.J.); (D.-W.H.)
| | - Sangheon Jeon
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (R.P.); (S.J.); (J.J.); (D.-W.H.)
| | - Jeonghwa Jeong
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (R.P.); (S.J.); (J.J.); (D.-W.H.)
| | - Shin-Young Park
- Department of Dental Education and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Dong-Wook Han
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (R.P.); (S.J.); (J.J.); (D.-W.H.)
- Department of Optics and Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Suck Won Hong
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (R.P.); (S.J.); (J.J.); (D.-W.H.)
- Department of Optics and Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
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3
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Pasquardini L, Bossi AM. Molecularly imprinted polymers by epitope imprinting: a journey from molecular interactions to the available bioinformatics resources to scout for epitope templates. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:6101-6115. [PMID: 34018035 PMCID: PMC8440283 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03409-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The molecular imprinting of proteins is the process of forming biomimetics with entailed protein-recognition by means of a template-assisted synthesis. Protein-imprinted polymers (pMIPs) have been successfully employed in separations, assays, sensors, and imaging. From a technical point of view, imprinting a protein is both costly, for protein expression and purification, and challenging, for the preservation of the protein's structural properties. In fact, the imprinting process needs to guarantee the preservation of the same protein three-dimensional conformation that later would be recognized. So far, the captivating idea to imprint just a portion of the protein, i.e., an epitope, instead of the whole, proved successful, offering reduced costs, compatibility with many synthetic conditions (solvents, pH, temperatures), and fine-tuning of the peptide sequence so to target specific physiological and functional conditions of the protein, such as post-translational modifications. Here, protein-protein interactions and the biochemical features of the epitopes are inspected, deriving lessons to prepare more effective pMIPs. Epitopes are categorized in linear or structured, immunogenic or not, located at the protein's surface or buried in its core and the imprinting strategies are discussed. Moreover, attention is given to freely available online bioinformatics resources that might offer key tools to gain further rationale amid the selection process of suitable epitopes templates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandra Maria Bossi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy.
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4
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Bossi AM, Pasquardini L. The Search for Peptide Epitopes for Molecular Imprinting Through Bioinformatics. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2359:269-283. [PMID: 34410676 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1629-1_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Epitope imprinting is an effective strategy to prepare molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for protein recognition. Indeed, the idea to use as a template just a fragment of the protein of interest, called the epitope, instead of the whole protein, presents some key advantages for the imprinting process, in particular: cutting the costs for MIP production and avoiding protein unfolding during the imprinting process, so to ultimately improve the quality of the stamped binding sites. How to select an epitope for the imprinting is the strategic question. Here, the bioinformatics tools to search for suitable epitopes for the imprinting process and rational tools to select the most suitable epitope are briefly introduced along with protocols for their practical use.
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5
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Abstract
Food manufacturers are aiming to manage the levels of cross-contamination of allergens within food processing plants and ultimately move away from precautionary labelling. Hence, the need for rapid methods to detect allergens cross-contamination. A sensitive and selective label-free nanoMIPs based sensor was developed and tested for the detection of β-lactoglobulin (BLG). NanoMIPs were synthesized using solid-phase synthesis and appeared as spherical nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 264–294 nm, using dynamic light scattering (DLS). The nanoMIPs were functionalized with amine groups and attached to the surface of the SPR gold chip via amine-coupling protocol. The SPR nanoMIPs-based sensor demonstrated a detection limit of 3 ng mL−1 (211 pM) over a linear range of 1–5000 ng mL−1, with binding affinity of 7.0 × 10−8 M and specificity towards BLG. With further testing and final optimization, the developed nanosensor can be integrated on-line or at-line cleaning-in-place (CIP) wash systems, allowing to effectively monitor milk protein allergens as a rapid, point-of-source methodology.
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Nicholls IA, Wiklander JG. Towards Peptide and Protein Recognition by Antibody Mimicking Synthetic Polymers – Background, State of the Art, and Future Outlook. Aust J Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/ch20020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Antibody–peptide/protein interactions are instrumental for many processes in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries and as tools for biomedical and biochemical research. The recent development of molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles displaying antibody-like recognition of peptides and proteins offers the possibility for substituting antibodies with these robust materials for applications where the structural integrity and function of antibodies is compromised by temperature, pH, solvent, etc. The background to the development of this class of antibody-mimicking material and the state-of-the-art in their synthesis and application is presented in this review.
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7
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Jetzschmann KJ, Zhang X, Yarman A, Wollenberger U, Scheller FW. Label-Free MIP Sensors for Protein Biomarkers. SPRINGER SERIES ON CHEMICAL SENSORS AND BIOSENSORS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/5346_2017_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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8
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Vasilescu A, Nunes G, Hayat A, Latif U, Marty JL. Electrochemical Affinity Biosensors Based on Disposable Screen-Printed Electrodes for Detection of Food Allergens. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2016; 16:E1863. [PMID: 27827963 PMCID: PMC5134522 DOI: 10.3390/s16111863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Food allergens are proteins from nuts and tree nuts, fish, shellfish, wheat, soy, eggs or milk which trigger severe adverse reactions in the human body, involving IgE-type antibodies. Sensitive detection of allergens in a large variety of food matrices has become increasingly important considering the emergence of functional foods and new food manufacturing technologies. For example, proteins such as casein from milk or lysozyme and ovalbumin from eggs are sometimes used as fining agents in the wine industry. Nonetheless, allergen detection in processed foods is a challenging endeavor, as allergen proteins are degraded during food processing steps involving heating or fermentation. Detection of food allergens was primarily achieved via Enzyme-Linked Immuno Assay (ELISA) or by chromatographic methods. With the advent of biosensors, electrochemical affinity-based biosensors such as those incorporating antibodies and aptamers as biorecognition elements were also reported in the literature. In this review paper, we highlight the success achieved in the design of electrochemical affinity biosensors based on disposable screen-printed electrodes towards detection of protein allergens. We will discuss the analytical figures of merit for various disposable screen-printed affinity sensors in relation to methodologies employed for immobilization of bioreceptors on transducer surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Vasilescu
- International Centre of Biodynamics, 1B Intrarea Portocalelor, sector 6, 060101 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Gilvanda Nunes
- Technological Chemistry Department, Federal University of Maranhão, CCET/UFMA, Av. Portugueses, Cidade Universitária do Canga, 65080-040 São Luis, MA, Brazil.
| | - Akhtar Hayat
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM) COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), 54000 Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Usman Latif
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM) COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), 54000 Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Jean-Louis Marty
- BAE Laboratory, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan, France.
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9
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Artificial Biosensors: How Can Molecular Imprinting Mimic Biorecognition? Trends Biotechnol 2016; 34:922-941. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Cenci L, Guella G, Andreetto E, Ambrosi E, Anesi A, Bossi AM. Guided folding takes a start from the molecular imprinting of structured epitopes. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:15665-70. [PMID: 27524659 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr03467e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A biomimetic route towards assisted folding was explored. Molecularly imprinted polymeric nanoparticles (MIP NPs), i.e. biomimetics with entailed molecular recognition properties made by a template assisted synthesis, were prepared to target a structured epitope: the cystine containing peptide CC9ox, which corresponds to the apical portion of the β-hairpin hormone Hepcidin-25. The structural selection was achieved by the MIP NPs; moreover, the MIP NPs demonstrated favouring the folding of the linear random peptide (CC9red) into the structured one (CC9ox), anticipating the future role of the MIP NPs as in situ nanomachines to counteract folding defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cenci
- University of Verona, Dept. of Biotechnology, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy.
| | - G Guella
- University of Trento, Dept. of Physics, Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - E Andreetto
- University of Verona, Dept. of Biotechnology, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy.
| | - E Ambrosi
- University Cà Foscari Venezia, Dept. of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Centro di Microscopia Elettronica "Giovanni Stevanato", Via Torino 155/b, 30173 Venice, Italy
| | - A Anesi
- University of Trento, Dept. of Physics, Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - A M Bossi
- University of Verona, Dept. of Biotechnology, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy.
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11
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Liu M, Pi J, Wang X, Huang R, Du Y, Yu X, Tan W, Liu F, Shea KJ. A sol-gel derived pH-responsive bovine serum albumin molecularly imprinted poly(ionic liquids) on the surface of multiwall carbon nanotubes. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 932:29-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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12
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Ashley J, Shukor Y, Tothill IE. The use of differential scanning fluorimetry in the rational design of plastic antibodies for protein targets. Analyst 2016; 141:6463-6470. [DOI: 10.1039/c6an01155a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Predicted interactions between acrylic monomers and proteins, and melting profiles using DSF in the rational design of MIP-NPs for proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Ashley
- Cranfield University
- College Road
- Cranfield
- UK
| | - Yunus Shukor
- Dept. of Biochemistry
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences
- Universiti Putra Malaysia
- Selangor
- Malaysia
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13
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Stephenson-Brown A, Acton AL, Preece JA, Fossey JS, Mendes PM. Selective glycoprotein detection through covalent templating and allosteric click-imprinting. Chem Sci 2015; 6:5114-5119. [PMID: 29142730 PMCID: PMC5666680 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc02031j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A hierarchical bottom-up route exploiting reversible covalent interactions with boronic acids and so-called click chemistry for selective glycoprotein detection is described. The self-assembled and imprinted surfaces confer high binding affinities, nanomolar sensitivity, exceptional glycoprotein specificity and selectivity.
Many glycoproteins are intimately linked to the onset and progression of numerous heritable or acquired diseases of humans, including cancer. Indeed the recognition of specific glycoproteins remains a significant challenge in analytical method and diagnostic development. Herein, a hierarchical bottom-up route exploiting reversible covalent interactions with boronic acids and so-called click chemistry for the fabrication of glycoprotein selective surfaces that surmount current antibody constraints is described. The self-assembled and imprinted surfaces, containing specific glycoprotein molecular recognition nanocavities, confer high binding affinities, nanomolar sensitivity, exceptional glycoprotein specificity and selectivity with as high as 30 fold selectivity for prostate specific antigen (PSA) over other glycoproteins. This synthetic, robust and highly selective recognition platform can be used in complex biological media and be recycled multiple times with no performance decrement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Stephenson-Brown
- School of Chemical Engineering , University of Birmingham , Edgbaston , Birmingham , West Midlands B15 2TT , UK .
| | - Aaron L Acton
- School of Chemical Engineering , University of Birmingham , Edgbaston , Birmingham , West Midlands B15 2TT , UK .
| | - Jon A Preece
- School of Chemistry , University of Birmingham , Edgbaston , Birmingham , West Midlands B15 2TT , UK .
| | - John S Fossey
- School of Chemistry , University of Birmingham , Edgbaston , Birmingham , West Midlands B15 2TT , UK .
| | - Paula M Mendes
- School of Chemical Engineering , University of Birmingham , Edgbaston , Birmingham , West Midlands B15 2TT , UK .
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14
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Poma A, Brahmbhatt H, Pendergraff HM, Watts JK, Turner NW. Generation of novel hybrid aptamer-molecularly imprinted polymeric nanoparticles. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:750-758. [PMID: 25413444 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201404235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A strategy to exploit aptamers as recognition elements of molecularly imprinted polymeric nanoparticles (AptaMIP NPs) is presented, via modification of the chemical structure of the DNA. It is demonstrated that the introduction of this modified "aptamer monomer" results in an increase of the affinity of the produced MIP NPs, without altering their physical properties such as size, shape, or dispersibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Poma
- Department of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK
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15
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Whitcombe MJ, Kirsch N, Nicholls IA. Molecular imprinting science and technology: a survey of the literature for the years 2004-2011. J Mol Recognit 2014; 27:297-401. [PMID: 24700625 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we present a survey of the literature covering the development of molecular imprinting science and technology over the years 2004-2011. In total, 3779 references to the original papers, reviews, edited volumes and monographs from this period are included, along with recently identified uncited materials from prior to 2004, which were omitted in the first instalment of this series covering the years 1930-2003. In the presentation of the assembled references, a section presenting reviews and monographs covering the area is followed by sections describing fundamental aspects of molecular imprinting including the development of novel polymer formats. Thereafter, literature describing efforts to apply these polymeric materials to a range of application areas is presented. Current trends and areas of rapid development are discussed.
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Poma A, Brahmbhatt H, Watts JK, Turner NW. Nucleoside-Tailored Molecularly Imprinted Polymeric Nanoparticles (MIP NPs). Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma501530c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Poma
- Department
of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, United Kingdom
| | - Heli Brahmbhatt
- Department
of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan K. Watts
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas W. Turner
- Department
of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, United Kingdom
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17
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Tiwari MP, Prasad BB. An insulin monitoring device based on hyphenation between molecularly imprinted micro-solid phase extraction and complementary molecularly imprinted polymer-sensor. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1337:22-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2013] [Revised: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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18
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Li L, Lu Y, Bie Z, Chen HY, Liu Z. Photolithographic Boronate Affinity Molecular Imprinting: A General and Facile Approach for Glycoprotein Imprinting. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201207950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Li L, Lu Y, Bie Z, Chen HY, Liu Z. Photolithographic boronate affinity molecular imprinting: a general and facile approach for glycoprotein imprinting. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:7451-4. [PMID: 23765872 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201207950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Better than expected: With a regular boronic acid as the functional monomer, a general and facile approach for glycoprotein imprinting exhibited several highly favorable features that are beyond normal expectation, which make the prepared MIPs feasible for the recognition of trace glycoproteins in complicated real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China
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20
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Bosserdt M, Gajovic-Eichelman N, Scheller FW. Modulation of direct electron transfer of cytochrome c by use of a molecularly imprinted thin film. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:6437-44. [PMID: 23660694 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We describe the preparation of a molecularly imprinted polymer film (MIP) on top of a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) on gold, where the template cytochrome c (cyt c) participates in direct electron transfer (DET) with the underlying electrode. To enable DET, a non-conductive polymer film is electrodeposited from an aqueous solution of scopoletin and cyt c on to the surface of a gold electrode previously modified with MUA. The electroactive surface concentration of cyt c was 0.5 pmol cm(-2). In the absence of the MUA layer, no cyt c DET was observed and the pseudo-peroxidatic activity of the scopoletin-entrapped protein, assessed via oxidation of Ampliflu red in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, was only 30% of that for the MIP on MUA. This result indicates that electrostatic adsorption of cyt c by the MUA-SAM substantially increases the surface concentration of cyt c during the electrodeposition step, and is a prerequisite for the productive orientation required for DET. After template removal by treatment with sulfuric acid, rebinding of cyt c to the MUA-MIP-modified electrode occurred with an affinity constant of 100,000 mol(-1) L, a value three times higher than that determined by use of fluorescence titration for the interaction between scopoletin and cyt c in solution. The DET of cyt c in the presence of myoglobin, lysozyme, and bovine serum albumin (BSA) reveals that the MIP layer suppresses the effect of competing proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bosserdt
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Golm, Germany
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21
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Kryscio DR, Fleming MQ, Peppas NA. Protein conformational studies for macromolecularly imprinted polymers. Macromol Biosci 2012; 12:1137-44. [PMID: 22777744 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201200068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
CD is used to clearly show the negative impact of common ligands on the overall conformation of BSA, a typical protein template in macromolecularly imprinted polymers. This change occurs at concentrations far lower than those generally used in the literature. These findings are important as they offer insight into a potential fundamental reason for the lack of success in protein imprinting to date despite significant interest from the scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Kryscio
- Fletcher Stuckey Pratt Chair in Engineering, Departments of Chemical Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station C0400, Austin, TX 78712-1062, USA
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22
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Verheyen E, Schillemans JP, van Wijk M, Demeniex MA, Hennink WE, van Nostrum CF. Challenges for the effective molecular imprinting of proteins. Biomaterials 2011; 32:3008-20. [PMID: 21288565 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imprinting is a technique that is used to create artificial receptors by the formation of a polymer network around a template molecule. This technique has proven to be particularly effective for molecules with low molecular weight (<1500 Da), and during the past five years the number of research articles on the imprinting of larger (bio)templates is increasing considerably. However, expanding the methodology toward imprinted materials for selective recognition of proteins, DNA, viruses and bacteria appears to be extremely challenging. This paper presents a critical analysis of data presented by several authors and our own experiments, showing that the molecular imprinting of proteins still faces some fundamental challenges. The main topics of concern are proper monomer selection, washing method/template removal, quantification of the rebinding and reproducibility. Use of charged monomers can lead to strong electrostatic interactions between monomers and template but also to undesired high aspecific binding. Up till now, it has not been convincingly shown that electrostatic interactions lead to better imprinting results. The combination of a detergent (SDS) and AcOH, commonly used for template removal, can lead to experimental artifacts, and should ideally be avoided. In many cases template rebinding is unreliably quantified, results are not evaluated critically and lack statistical analysis. Therefore, it can be argued that presently, in numerous publications the scientific evidence of molecular imprinting of proteins is not convincing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Verheyen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.082, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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23
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Tai DF, Ho YF, Wu CH, Lin TC, Lu KH, Lin KS. Artificial-epitope mapping for CK-MB assay. Analyst 2011; 136:2230-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c0an00919a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Whitcombe MJ, Chianella I, Larcombe L, Piletsky SA, Noble J, Porter R, Horgan A. The rational development of molecularly imprinted polymer-based sensors for protein detection. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:1547-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cs00049c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 569] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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25
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Pernites RB, Ponnapati RR, Advincula RC. Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Detection of Theophylline via Electropolymerized Molecularly Imprinted Polythiophenes. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma101868y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roderick B. Pernites
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Ramakrishna R. Ponnapati
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Rigoberto C. Advincula
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
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26
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Wu S, Tan W, Xu H. Protein molecularly imprinted polyacrylamide membrane: for hemoglobin sensing. Analyst 2010; 135:2523-7. [PMID: 20625585 DOI: 10.1039/c0an00191k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A hemoglobin sensor based on a molecularly imprinted polymer-modified electrode has been fabricated by electrochemically induced redox polymerization of acrylamide in the presence of hemoglobin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouguo Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China.
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27
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Organic-inorganic hybrid silica as supporting matrices for selective recognition of bovine hemoglobin via
covalent immobilization. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:3980-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200900295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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28
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Li L, He X, Chen L, Zhang Y. Preparation of novel bovine hemoglobin surface-imprinted polystyrene nanoparticles with magnetic susceptibility. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-009-0182-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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29
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Seifner A, Lieberzeit P, Jungbauer C, Dickert FL. Synthetic receptors for selectively detecting erythrocyte ABO subgroups. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 651:215-9. [PMID: 19782814 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2009] [Revised: 08/12/2009] [Accepted: 08/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Surface imprinting techniques with erythrocytes as templates yield polymer coatings with selective recognition sites towards red blood cells. The resulting cavities in the respective surface exhibit selectivity between blood subgroups as shown by Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) measurements. Mass sensitive effects in the kilohertz range could be observed for concentrations down to 0.5 x 10(8) cells/mL. Frequency response as well as recovery of the sensor took place within a few minutes, indicating that no covalent binding is involved. Linear concentration dependence over a defined region provides ideal conditions for cross selectivity measurements. A1 imprinted sensor coatings resulted in an effect of 40 kHz when exposed to the template blood group, while A2 erythrocytes yielded just 11% of that value on the same layer. Furthermore, A2 imprinted coatings incorporated only one third the amount of A1 erythrocytes as compared to A2 ones. Therefore, imprinted materials depict the entire cell surface and utilize it for recognition, whereas natural antibodies bind on the defined antigen position and thus usually cannot distinguish between cells carrying different amounts of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Seifner
- University of Vienna, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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30
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Li L, He X, Chen L, Zhang Y. Preparation of core-shell magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles for recognition of bovine hemoglobin. Chem Asian J 2009; 4:286-93. [PMID: 19040251 DOI: 10.1002/asia.200800300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Imprinting nanoparticles: Core-shell bovine hemoglobin (BHb) imprinted magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with a mean diameter of 210 nm have been synthesized for the first time. The imprinted magnetic nanoparticles could easily reach the adsorption equilibrium and magnetic separation under an external magnetic field, thus avoiding problems related to the bulk polymer. In this work, the core-shell bovine hemoglobin (BHb) imprinted magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with a mean diameter of 210 nm were synthesized for the first time. In this protocol, the initial step involved co-precipitation of Fe(2+) and Fe(3+) in an ammonia solution. Silica was then coated on the Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles using a sol-gel method to obtain silica shell magnetic nanoparticles. Subsequently, 3-aminophenylboronic acid (APBA), which is the functional and cross-linking monomer, and poly(APBA) thin films were coated onto the silica-modified Fe(3)O(4) surface through oxidation with ammonium persulfate in an aqueous solution in the presence or absence of protein. The morphology, adsorption, and recognition properties of the magnetic molecularly imprinted nanomaterial were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Rebinding experiments were carried out to establish the equilibrium time and to determine the specific binding capacity and selective recognition. The protein adsorption results showed that poly(APBA) MIPs-coated magnetic nanoparticles have high adsorption capacity for template protein BHb and comparatively low non-specific adsorption. The imprinted magnetic nanoparticles could easily reach the adsorption equilibrium and magnetic separation under an external magnetic field, thus avoiding problems related to the bulk polymer. We believe that the imprinted polymer-coated magnetic nanoparticles can be one of the most promising candidates for various applications, which include chemical and biochemical separation, cell sorting, recognition elements in biosensors, and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
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31
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Huang X, Yin Y, Liu Y, Bai X, Zhang Z, Xu J, Shen J, Liu J. Incorporation of glutathione peroxidase active site into polymer based on imprinting strategy. Biosens Bioelectron 2009; 25:657-60. [PMID: 19250815 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2009.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2008] [Revised: 01/14/2009] [Accepted: 01/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione peroxidase (GPx, EC 1.11.1.9) is a key enzyme involved in scavenging of reactive oxygen species in biological system. For developing an efficient GPx-like antioxidant, catalytically necessary amino acid derivatives which located near the GPx active center were prepared as functional monomers. Via predetermined imprinting with substrate glutathione (GSH), a polymer-based GPx mimic with a similar structure of catalytic center of natural GPx was developed, and it demonstrated high-catalytic efficiency and substrate specificity. The imprinting polymer (I-PEM) exhibits GPx-like activity about three times higher than that of 2-SeCD, a cyclodextrin-based GPx mimic. The detailed studies on kinetics revealed that not only the substrate binding but also positional arrangement of reacting groups contribute significantly to the catalytic efficiency of the peroxidase model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
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32
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Huang X, Liu Y, Liang K, Tang Y, Liu J. Construction of the Active Site of Glutathione Peroxidase on Polymer-Based Nanoparticles. Biomacromolecules 2008; 9:1467-73. [DOI: 10.1021/bm701386b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junqiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China
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33
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Takeuchi T, Hishiya T. Molecular imprinting of proteins emerging as a tool for protein recognition. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:2459-67. [PMID: 18600264 DOI: 10.1039/b715737c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This article gives the recent developments in molecular imprinting for proteins. Currently bio-macromolecules such as antibodies and enzymes are mainly employed for protein recognition purposes. However, such bio-macromolecules are sometimes difficult to find and/or produce, therefore, receptor-like synthetic materials such as protein-imprinted polymers have been intensively studied as substitutes for natural receptors. Recent advances in protein imprinting shown here demonstrate the possibility of this technique as a future technology of protein recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Takeuchi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
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