1
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Moreno Ravelo RC, Gastl M, Becker T. Characterization of molar mass and conformation of relevant (non-)starch polysaccharides in cereal-based beverages. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129942. [PMID: 38311131 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Arabinoxylans, β-glucans, and dextrins influence the brewing industry's filtration process and product quality. Despite their relevance, only a maximum concentration of β-glucans is recommended. Nevertheless, filtration problems are still present, indicating that although the chemical concentration is essential, other parameters should be investigated. Molar mass and conformation are important polymer physical characteristics often neglected in this industry. Therefore, this research proposes an approach to physically characterize enzymatically isolated beer polysaccharides by asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation coupled to multi-angle light scattering and differential refractive index detector. Based on the obtained molar masses, root-mean-square radius (rrms from MALS), and hydrodynamic radius (rhyd), conformational properties such as apparent density (ρapp) and rrms/rhyd can be calculated based on their molar mass and size. Consequently, the ρapp and rrms/rhyd behavior hints at the different structures within each polysaccharide. The rrms/rhyd 1.2 and high ρapp values on low molar mass dextrins (1-2·105 g/mol) indicate branches, while aggregated structures at high molar masses on arabinoxylans and β-glucans (2·105 -6·106 g/mol) are due to an increase of ρapp and a rrms/rhyd (0.6-1). This methodology provides a new perspective to analyze starch and non-starch polysaccharides in cereal-based beverages since different physical characteristics could influence beer's filtration and sensory characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolando César Moreno Ravelo
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Group Raw Material Based Brewing and Beverage Technology, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Martina Gastl
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Group Raw Material Based Brewing and Beverage Technology, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Thomas Becker
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Group Raw Material Based Brewing and Beverage Technology, Weihenstephaner Steig 20, 85354 Freising, Germany.
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2
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Yan S, Regenstein JM, Qi B, Li Y. Construction of protein-, polysaccharide- and polyphenol-based conjugates as delivery systems. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-19. [PMID: 38108638 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2293253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Natural polymers, such as polysaccharides and proteins, have been used to prepare several delivery systems owing to their abundance, bioactivity, and biodegradability. They are usually modified or combined with small molecules to form the delivery systems needed to meet different needs in food systems. This paper reviews the interactions of proteins, polysaccharides, and polyphenols in the bulk phase and discusses the design strategies, coupling techniques, and their applications as conjugates in emulsion delivery systems, including traditional, Pickering, multilayer, and high internal-phase emulsions. Furthermore, it explores the prospects of the application of conjugates in food preservation, food development, and nanocarrier development. Currently, there are seven methods for composite delivery systems including the Maillard reaction, carbodiimide cross-linking, alkali treatment, enzymatic cross-linking, free radical induction, genipin cross-linking, and Schiff base chemical cross-linking to prepare binary and ternary conjugates of proteins, polysaccharides, and polyphenols. To design an effective target complex and its delivery system, it is helpful to understand the physicochemical properties of these biomolecules and their interactions in the bulk phase. This review summarizes the knowledge on the interaction of biological complexes in the bulk phase, preparation methods, and the preparation of stable emulsion delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhang Yan
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | | | - Baokun Qi
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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3
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Feng J, Xu Z, Jiang L, Sui X. Functional properties of soybean isolate protein as influenced by its critical overlap concentration. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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4
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Gidlöf Z, Pedersen BL, Nilsson L, Teleman A, Wahlgren M, Millqvist-Fureby A. Utilising phase diagram to understand barley starch microsphere preparation in an aqueous two-phase system. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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5
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A hydrodynamic comparisons of two different high-pressure homogenizer valve design principles: A step towards increased efficiency. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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6
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Li L, Kim D, Zhai X, Duhamel J. A Pyrene Excimer Fluorescence (PEF) Study of the Interior of Amylopectin in Dilute Solution. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- Institute for Polymer Research, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Damin Kim
- Institute for Polymer Research, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Xiaofang Zhai
- Institute for Polymer Research, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Jean Duhamel
- Institute for Polymer Research, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
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7
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Study on structure-function of starch by asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation coupled with multiple detectors: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 226:115330. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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8
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Shimizu N, Ushiyama T. Structure of Fine Waxy Rice Starch Prepared Via a Compressed Hot Water Process. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.24.795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Shimizu
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University
- Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University
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9
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The effect of baking and enzymatic treatment on the structural properties of wheat starch. Food Chem 2016; 213:768-774. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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10
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11
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Ennen F, Fenner P, Boye S, Lederer A, Komber H, Voit B, Appelhans D. Sphere-Like Protein–Glycopolymer Nanostructures Tailored by Polyassociation. Biomacromolecules 2015; 17:32-45. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Franka Ennen
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschunng Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Philipp Fenner
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschunng Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanne Boye
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschunng Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Albena Lederer
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschunng Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hartmut Komber
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschunng Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschunng Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Dietmar Appelhans
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschunng Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
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12
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Development and evaluation of methods for starch dissolution using asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation. Part II: Dissolution of amylose. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 408:1399-412. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8894-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Boye S, Ennen F, Scharfenberg L, Appelhans D, Nilsson L, Lederer A. From 1D Rods to 3D Networks: A Biohybrid Topological Diversity Investigated by Asymmetrical Flow Field-Flow Fractionation. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Boye
- Leibniz-Institut
für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Franka Ennen
- Leibniz-Institut
für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität
Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Linda Scharfenberg
- Leibniz-Institut
für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität
Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Dietmar Appelhans
- Leibniz-Institut
für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Lars Nilsson
- Food
Colloids Group and Lund Center for Field-Flow Fractionation, Department
of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Faculty of Engineering
LTH, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Albena Lederer
- Leibniz-Institut
für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität
Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
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14
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Dou H, Jung EC, Lee S. Factors affecting measurement of channel thickness in asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1393:115-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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15
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Perez-Rea D, Bergenståhl B, Nilsson L. Development and evaluation of methods for starch dissolution using asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation. Part I: Dissolution of amylopectin. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:4315-26. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8611-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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16
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Structure, morphology and functionality of acetylated and oxidised barley starches. Food Chem 2015; 168:247-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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17
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Wang J, Xu Y, Wang Y, Liu J, Xu J, Li L, Nguyen HT, Pham DT, Lincoln SF, Guo X. Bridged-cyclodextrin supramolecular hydrogels: host–guest interaction between a cyclodextrin dimer and adamantyl substituted poly(acrylate)s. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra06163f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tunable biocompatible hydrogels are prepared by competitive complexation between a beta-cyclodextrin dimer and adamantyl substituted poly(acrylate)s with various tether lengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Yisheng Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Yiming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Jianjia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Hanh-Trang Nguyen
- School of Chemistry and Physics
- University of Adelaide
- Adelaide
- Australia
| | - Duc-Truc Pham
- School of Chemistry and Physics
- University of Adelaide
- Adelaide
- Australia
| | | | - Xuhong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
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18
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Runyon JR, Nilsson L, Ulmius M, Castro A, Ionescu R, Andersson C, Schmidt C. Characterizing changes in levan physicochemical properties in different pH environments using asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:1597-605. [PMID: 24121433 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7388-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the stability of the polyfructan levan under different pH solution conditions by monitoring changes in the levan physicochemical properties, such as molar mass (M), root mean square radius (r(rms)), hydrodynamic radius (r(h)), structure factor (r(rms)/r(h)), and aggregation state with respect to solution pH and hydrolysis time. A commercial levan produced from Z. Mobilis was characterized using asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) in combination with online multiangle light scattering (MALS) and differential refractive index (dRI) detection. Under neutral pH solution conditions the levan was found to have a M ranging from 10(5) to 5 × 10(7) g/mol, a r(rms) ranging from ~25 to 100 nm and a r(h) from ~3 to 151 nm. Two populations were observed in the sample. One population with a M less than 106 g/mol which represented ~60 % of the sample and a second population with an ultrahigh M up to 5 × 10(7) g/mol, which comprised ~40 % of the sample. The measured r(rms)/r(h) structure factor decreased from 1.8 to 0.65 across the AF4 fractogram indicating that early eluting low M levan species had a random coil configuration and late eluting high M species had more homogeneous spherical structures. The measured apparent density values decreased from 80 to 10 kg/m(3) across the elution profile and suggest that the observed second population also contains aggregates. The stability of levan in different pH conditions ranging from 1.3 to 8.5 was assessed by tracking changes in the average M and r(h), and monitoring the formation of fructose over 1 week. The onset of levan acid hydrolysis was observed to occur sooner at lower pH conditions and no hydrolysis was observed for pH 5.5 and higher.
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19
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Hiller W, Sinha P, Hehn M, Pasch H. Online LC-NMR – From an expensive toy to a powerful tool in polymer analysis. Prog Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2013.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Dou H, Zhou B, Jang HD, Lee S. Study on antidiabetic activity of wheat and barley starch using asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation coupled with multiangle light scattering. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1340:115-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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21
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Ciric J, Petrovic DM, Loos K. Polysaccharide Biocatalysis: From Synthesizing Carbohydrate Standards to Establishing Characterization Methods. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201300801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Ciric
- Department of Polymer Chemistry & Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Dejan M. Petrovic
- Department of Polymer Chemistry & Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Katja Loos
- Department of Polymer Chemistry & Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
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22
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Effect of high-pressure on calorimetric, rheological and dielectric properties of selected starch dispersions. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 103:12-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Revised: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Runyon JR, Ulmius M, Nilsson L. A perspective on the characterization of colloids and macromolecules using asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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24
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Analysis of complex polymers by multidetector field-flow fractionation. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 406:1585-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7308-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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25
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Makan AC, Sinha P, Ngaza N, van Aswegen W, Pasch H. Asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation as a novel technique for the analysis of PS-b-PI copolymers. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:9041-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7225-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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26
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Eliasson AC, Bergenståhl B, Nilsson L, Sjöö M. From Molecules to Products: Some Aspects of Structure–Function Relationships in Cereal Starches. Cereal Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-08-12-0107-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Charlotte Eliasson
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden
- Corresponding author. Phone: +46 46 2229674. Fax: +46 46 2224622. E-mail:
| | - Björn Bergenståhl
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Lars Nilsson
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Malin Sjöö
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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27
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Li J, Zhao K, Liu C. Dielectric relaxations of poly(acrylic acid)-graft-poly(ethylene oxide) aqueous solution: analysis coupled with scaling approach and hydrogen-bonding complex. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2013; 87:042603. [PMID: 23679439 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.87.042603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Dielectric properties of poly(acrylic acid)-graft-poly(ethylene oxide) (PAA-g-PEO) aqueous solution were measured as a function of concentration and temperature over a frequency range of 40 Hz to 110 MHz. After subtracting the contribution of electrode polarization, three relaxation processes were observed at about 20 kHz, 220 kHz, and 4 MHz, and they are named low-, mid- and high-frequency relaxation, respectively. The relaxation parameters of these three relaxations (dielectric increment Δε and relaxation time τ) showed scaling relations with the polyelectrolyte concentration. The mechanisms of the three relaxations were concluded in light of the scaling theory: The relaxations of low- and mid frequency were attributed to the fluctuation of condensed counterions, while the high-frequency relaxation was ascribed to the fluctuation of free counterions. Based on the dielectric measurements of varying temperatures, the thermodynamic parameters (enthalpy change ΔH and entropy change ΔS) of the three relaxations were calculated and these relaxation processes were also discussed from the microscopic thermodynamical view. In addition, the impacts of PEO side chains on the conformation of PAA-g-PEO chains were discussed. PEO side chains greatly strengthen the hydrogen-bonding interactions between PAA-g-PEO chains, resulting in the chains overlapping at a very low concentration and the formation of a hydrogen-bonding complex. Some physicochemical parameters of PAA-g-PEO molecules were calculated, including the overlap concentration, the effective charge of the chain, the friction coefficient, and the diffusion coefficient of hydrogen counterions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingliang Li
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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28
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Separation and characterization of food macromolecules using field-flow fractionation: A review. Food Hydrocoll 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2012.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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29
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Boye S, Appelhans D, Boyko V, Zschoche S, Komber H, Friedel P, Formanek P, Janke A, Voit BI, Lederer A. pH-Triggered Aggregate Shape of Different Generations Lysine-Dendronized Maleimide Copolymers with Maltose Shell. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:4222-35. [DOI: 10.1021/bm301489s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Boye
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01109
Dresden, Germany
| | - D. Appelhans
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01109
Dresden, Germany
| | - V. Boyko
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01109
Dresden, Germany
| | - S. Zschoche
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01109
Dresden, Germany
| | - H. Komber
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01109
Dresden, Germany
| | - P. Friedel
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01109
Dresden, Germany
| | - P. Formanek
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01109
Dresden, Germany
| | - A. Janke
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01109
Dresden, Germany
| | - B. I. Voit
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01109
Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - A. Lederer
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01109
Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
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30
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Rübsam H, Krottenthaler M, Gastl M, Becker T. An overview of separation methods in starch analysis: The importance of size exclusion chromatography and field flow fractionation. STARCH-STARKE 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/star.201100188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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31
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Håkansson A, Ulmius M, Nilsson L. Asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation enables the characterization of molecular and supramolecular properties of cereal β-glucan dispersions. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 87:518-523. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Revised: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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32
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Comparison of molecular and emulsifying properties of gum arabic and mesquite gum using asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation. Food Hydrocoll 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2011.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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33
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Fernandez C, Rojas CC, Nilsson L. Size, structure and scaling relationships in glycogen from various sources investigated with asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation and 1H NMR. Int J Biol Macromol 2011; 49:458-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2011.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2010] [Revised: 05/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Vilaplana F, Gilbert RG. Analytical methodology for multidimensional size/branch-length distributions for branched glucose polymers using off-line 2-dimensional size-exclusion chromatography and enzymatic treatment. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:4434-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2011] [Revised: 03/13/2011] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Yohannes G, Jussila M, Hartonen K, Riekkola ML. Asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation technique for separation and characterization of biopolymers and bioparticles. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:4104-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.12.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2010] [Revised: 12/20/2010] [Accepted: 12/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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36
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Gilbert RG. Size-separation characterization of starch and glycogen for biosynthesis-structure-property relationships. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 399:1425-38. [PMID: 21107973 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4435-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2010] [Revised: 11/07/2010] [Accepted: 11/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Starch and glycogen are highly branched polymers of glucose of great importance to humans in managing and mitigating nutrition-related diseases, especially diabetes and obesity, and in industrial uses, for example in food and paper-making. Size-separation characterization using multiple-detection size-exclusion chromatography (SEC, also known as gel-permeation chromatography, GPC) is able to furnish substantial amounts of information on the relationships between the biosynthesis, processing, structure, and properties of these biopolymers, and achieves superior characterization for use in industrial product and process improvements. Multi-detector SEC is able to give much more information about structure than simple averages such as total molecular weight or size; the detailed information yielded by this technique has already given new information on important biosynthesis-structure-property reactions, and has considerable potential in this field in the future. However, it must be used with care to avoid artifacts arising from incomplete dissolution of the substrate and shear scission during separation. It is also essential in interpreting data to appreciate that this size-separation technique can only ever give size distributions, never true molecular weight distributions. Other size-separation techniques, particularly field-flow fractionation, require substantial technical development to be used on undegraded native starches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert G Gilbert
- Centre for Nutrition & Food Sciences (LCAFS), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
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Bello-Pérez LA, Agama-Acevedo E, Zamudio-Flores PB, Mendez-Montealvo G, Rodriguez-Ambriz SL. Effect of low and high acetylation degree in the morphological, physicochemical and structural characteristics of barley starch. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2010.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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38
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Qureshi RN, Kok WT. Application of flow field-flow fractionation for the characterization of macromolecules of biological interest: a review. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 399:1401-11. [PMID: 20957473 PMCID: PMC3026709 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4278-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Revised: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 09/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An overview is given of the recent literature on (bio) analytical applications of flow field-flow fractionation (FlFFF). FlFFF is a liquid-phase separation technique that can separate macromolecules and particles according to size. The technique is increasingly used on a routine basis in a variety of application fields. In food analysis, FlFFF is applied to determine the molecular size distribution of starches and modified celluloses, or to study protein aggregation during food processing. In industrial analysis, it is applied for the characterization of polysaccharides that are used as thickeners and dispersing agents. In pharmaceutical and biomedical laboratories, FlFFF is used to monitor the refolding of recombinant proteins, to detect aggregates of antibodies, or to determine the size distribution of drug carrier particles. In environmental studies, FlFFF is used to characterize natural colloids in water streams, and especially to study trace metal distributions over colloidal particles. In this review, first a short discussion of the state of the art in instrumentation is given. Developments in the coupling of FlFFF to various detection modes are then highlighted. Finally, application studies are discussed and ordered according to the type of (bio) macromolecules or bioparticles that are fractionated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Nazir Qureshi
- Analytical Chemistry Group, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 94157, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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39
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Vilaplana F, Gilbert RG. Characterization of branched polysaccharides using multiple-detection size separation techniques. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:3537-54. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Revised: 09/06/2010] [Accepted: 09/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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40
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Glantz M, Håkansson A, Lindmark Månsson H, Paulsson M, Nilsson L. Revealing the size, conformation, and shape of casein micelles and aggregates with asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation and multiangle light scattering. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:12585-12591. [PMID: 20666417 DOI: 10.1021/la101892x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Casein (CN) micelles are naturally occurring colloidal protein aggregates present in a dispersed state in milk. In this paper we aim to obtain a detailed description of physicochemical properties of CN micelles over the entire size distribution using asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AsFlFFF) connected to multiangle light scattering (MALS) and refractive index (RI) detection. Conclusions are drawn on the colloidal level regarding shape and conformation by comparison with models of colloidal particles. By using AsFlFFF-MALS-RI, it is concluded that the CN micelles are highly polydisperse with an average rms radius and hydrodynamic radius of 177 and 116 nm, respectively. The results show that the majority of CN micelles have a spherical shape, whereas a low concentration exists of larger and elongated aggregates. By comparison with models of aggregates of colloidal particles, the aggregates are shown to be anisotropic, e.g., aggregating linearly (threadlike) or in a sheet, rather than forming randomly spherical clusters. The results show that the characterization of colloidal dispersions with AsFlFFF-MALS-RI and the comparison with theoretical models are of a general character and, thus, of fundamental importance for colloidal dispersions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Glantz
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
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41
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Cuevas RP, Gilbert RG, Fitzgerald MA. Structural differences between hot-water-soluble and hot-water-insoluble fractions of starch in waxy rice (Oryza sativa L.). Carbohydr Polym 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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42
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Cave RA, Seabrook SA, Gidley MJ, Gilbert RG. Characterization of Starch by Size-Exclusion Chromatography: The Limitations Imposed by Shear Scission. Biomacromolecules 2009; 10:2245-53. [DOI: 10.1021/bm900426n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard A. Cave
- The University of Queensland, Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, LCAFS, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Shane A. Seabrook
- The University of Queensland, Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, LCAFS, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Michael J. Gidley
- The University of Queensland, Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, LCAFS, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Robert G. Gilbert
- The University of Queensland, Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, LCAFS, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
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