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Zhang N, Hu J, Liu Z, Liang W, Song L. Sir2-mediated cytoplasmic deacetylation facilitates pathogenic fungi infection in host plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:1732-1746. [PMID: 38037458 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Lysine acetylation is an evolutionarily conserved and widespread post-translational modification implicated in the regulation of multiple metabolic processes, but its function remains largely unknown in plant pathogenic fungi. A comprehensive analysis combined with proteomic, molecular and cellular approaches was presented to explore the roles of cytoplasmic acetylation in Fusarium oxsysporum f.sp. lycopersici (Fol). The divergent cytoplasmic deacetylase FolSir2 was biochemically characterized, which is contributing to fungal virulence. Based on this, a total of 1752 acetylated sites in 897 proteins were identified in Fol via LC-MS/MS analysis. Further analyses of the quantitative acetylome revealed that 115 proteins representing two major pathways, translational and ribosome biogenesis, were hyperacetylated in the ∆Folsir2 strain. We experimentally examined the regulatory roles of FolSir2 on K271 deacetylation of FolGsk3, a serine/tyrosine kinase implicated in a variety of cellular functions, which was found to be crucial for the activation of FolGsk3 and thus modulated Fol pathogenicity. Cytoplasmic deacetylation by FolSir2 homologues has a similar function in Botrytis cinerea and likely other fungal pathogens. These findings reveal a conserved mechanism of silent information regulator 2-mediated cytoplasmic deacetylation that is involved in plant-fungal pathogenicity, providing a candidate target for designing broad-spectrum fungicides to control plant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Engineering Research Center for Precision Pest Management for Fruits and Vegetables of Qingdao, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Jicheng Hu
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Engineering Research Center for Precision Pest Management for Fruits and Vegetables of Qingdao, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Zhishan Liu
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Engineering Research Center for Precision Pest Management for Fruits and Vegetables of Qingdao, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Wenxing Liang
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Engineering Research Center for Precision Pest Management for Fruits and Vegetables of Qingdao, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Limin Song
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Engineering Research Center for Precision Pest Management for Fruits and Vegetables of Qingdao, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
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2
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Sun HH, Wang ZZ, Gao YY, Hao GF, Yang GF. Protein Kinases as Potential Targets Contribute to the Development of Agrochemicals. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:52-64. [PMID: 36592042 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Using agrochemicals against pest insects, fungi, and weeds plays a major part in maintaining and improving crop yields, which helps to solve the issue of food security. Due to the limited targets and resistance of agrochemicals, protein kinases are regarded as attractive potential targets to develop new agrochemicals. Recently, a lot of investigations have shown the extension of agrochemicals by targeting protein kinases, implying an increasing concern for this kind of method. However, few people have summarized and discussed the targetability of protein kinases contributing to the development of agrochemicals. In this work, we introduce the research on protein kinases as potential targets used in crop protection and discuss the prospects of protein kinases in the field of agrochemical development. This study may not only provide guidance for the contribution of protein kinases to the development of agrochemicals but also help nonprofessionals such as students learn and understand the role of protein kinases quickly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Han Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Zheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang-Yang Gao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Research and Development Center for Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge-Fei Hao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Research and Development Center for Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
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3
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Vélez N, Monteoliva L, Sánchez-Quitian ZA, Amador-García A, García-Rodas R, Ceballos-Garzón A, Gil C, Escandón P, Zaragoza Ó, Parra-Giraldo CM. The Combination of Iron and Copper Increases Pathogenicity and Induces Proteins Related to the Main Virulence Factors in Clinical Isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8010057. [PMID: 35049997 PMCID: PMC8778102 DOI: 10.3390/jof8010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In fungi, metals are associated with the expression of virulence factors. However, it is unclear whether the uptake of metals affects their pathogenicity. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of iron/copper in modulating pathogenicity and proteomic response in two clinical isolates of C. neoformans with high and low pathogenicity. Methods: In both isolates, the effect of 50 µM iron and 500 µM copper on pathogenicity, capsule induction, and melanin production was evaluated. We then performed a quantitative proteomic analysis of cytoplasmic extracts exposed to that combination. Finally, the effect on pathogenicity by iron and copper was evaluated in eight additional isolates. Results: In both isolates, the combination of iron and copper increased pathogenicity, capsule size, and melanin production. Regarding proteomic data, proteins with increased levels after iron and copper exposure were related to biological processes such as cell stress, vesicular traffic (Ap1, Vps35), cell wall structure (Och1, Ccr4, Gsk3), melanin biosynthesis (Hem15, Mln2), DNA repair (Chk1), protein transport (Mms2), SUMOylation (Uba2), and mitochondrial transport (Atm1). Increased pathogenicity by exposure to metal combination was also confirmed in 90% of the eight isolates. Conclusions: The combination of these metals enhances pathogenicity and increases the abundance of proteins related to the main virulence factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nórida Vélez
- Unidad de Proteómica y Micosis Humanas, Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (N.V.); (Z.-A.S.-Q.); (A.C.-G.)
| | - Lucía Monteoliva
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.M.); (A.A.-G.); (C.G.)
| | - Zilpa-Adriana Sánchez-Quitian
- Unidad de Proteómica y Micosis Humanas, Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (N.V.); (Z.-A.S.-Q.); (A.C.-G.)
| | - Ahinara Amador-García
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.M.); (A.A.-G.); (C.G.)
| | - Rocío García-Rodas
- Mycology Reference Laboratory, National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Carretera Majadahonda-Pozuelo, 28013 Madrid, Spain; (R.G.-R.); (Ó.Z.)
| | - Andrés Ceballos-Garzón
- Unidad de Proteómica y Micosis Humanas, Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (N.V.); (Z.-A.S.-Q.); (A.C.-G.)
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Mycology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Nantes, 44200 Nantes, France
| | - Concha Gil
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.M.); (A.A.-G.); (C.G.)
| | - Patricia Escandón
- Grupo de Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá 111321, Colombia;
| | - Óscar Zaragoza
- Mycology Reference Laboratory, National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Carretera Majadahonda-Pozuelo, 28013 Madrid, Spain; (R.G.-R.); (Ó.Z.)
| | - Claudia-Marcela Parra-Giraldo
- Unidad de Proteómica y Micosis Humanas, Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (N.V.); (Z.-A.S.-Q.); (A.C.-G.)
- Correspondence:
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4
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Davies MP, Benitez R, Perez C, Jakupovic S, Welsby P, Rzepecka K, Alder J, Davidson C, Martinez A, Hayes JM. Structure-Based Design of Potent Selective Nanomolar Type-II Inhibitors of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β. J Med Chem 2021; 64:1497-1509. [PMID: 33499592 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
For the first time, the in silico design, screening, and in vitro validation of potent GSK-3β type-II inhibitors are presented. In the absence of crystallographic evidence for a DFG-out GSK-3β activation loop conformation, computational models were designed using an adapted DOLPHIN approach and a method consisting of Prime loop refinement, induced-fit docking, and molecular dynamics. Virtual screening of the Biogenics subset from the ZINC database led to an initial selection of 20 Phase I compounds revealing two low micromolar inhibitors in an isolated enzyme assay. Twenty more analogues (Phase II compounds) related to the hit [pyrimidin-2-yl]amino-furo[3,2-b]furyl-urea scaffold were selected for structure-activity relationship analysis. The Phase II studies led to five highly potent nanomolar inhibitors, with compound 23 (IC50 =0.087 μM) > 100 times more potent than the best Phase I inhibitor, and selectivity for GSK-3β inhibition compared to homologous kinases was observed. Ex vivo experiments (SH-SY5Y cell lines) for tau hyperphosphorylation revealed promising neuroprotective effects at low micromolar concentrations. The type-II inhibitor design has been unraveled as a potential route toward more clinically effective GSK-3β inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Davies
- School of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
| | - Rocio Benitez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas, CSIC, Avenida Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Concepción Perez
- Instituto de Quimica Medica, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sven Jakupovic
- AnalytiCon Discovery GmbH, Hermannswerder Haus 17, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Philip Welsby
- School of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
| | - Klaudia Rzepecka
- School of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Alder
- School of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
| | - Colin Davidson
- School of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Martinez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas, CSIC, Avenida Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joseph M Hayes
- School of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
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5
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Wagner FF, Benajiba L, Campbell AJ, Weïwer M, Sacher JR, Gale JP, Ross L, Puissant A, Alexe G, Conway A, Back M, Pikman Y, Galinsky I, DeAngelo DJ, Stone RM, Kaya T, Shi X, Robers MB, Machleidt T, Wilkinson J, Hermine O, Kung A, Stein AJ, Lakshminarasimhan D, Hemann MT, Scolnick E, Zhang YL, Pan JQ, Stegmaier K, Holson EB. Exploiting an Asp-Glu "switch" in glycogen synthase kinase 3 to design paralog-selective inhibitors for use in acute myeloid leukemia. Sci Transl Med 2019. [PMID: 29515000 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aam8460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), a key regulatory kinase in the wingless-type MMTV integration site family (WNT) pathway, is a therapeutic target of interest in many diseases. Although dual GSK3α/β inhibitors have entered clinical trials, none has successfully translated to clinical application. Mechanism-based toxicities, driven in part by the inhibition of both GSK3 paralogs and subsequent β-catenin stabilization, are a concern in the translation of this target class because mutations and overexpression of β-catenin are associated with many cancers. Knockdown of GSK3α or GSK3β individually does not increase β-catenin and offers a conceptual resolution to targeting GSK3: paralog-selective inhibition. However, inadequate chemical tools exist. The design of selective adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-competitive inhibitors poses a drug discovery challenge due to the high homology (95% identity and 100% similarity) in this binding domain. Taking advantage of an Asp133→Glu196 "switch" in their kinase hinge, we present a rational design strategy toward the discovery of paralog-selective GSK3 inhibitors. These GSK3α- and GSK3β-selective inhibitors provide insights into GSK3 targeting in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), where GSK3α was identified as a therapeutic target using genetic approaches. The GSK3α-selective compound BRD0705 inhibits kinase function and does not stabilize β-catenin, mitigating potential neoplastic concerns. BRD0705 induces myeloid differentiation and impairs colony formation in AML cells, with no apparent effect on normal hematopoietic cells. Moreover, BRD0705 impairs leukemia initiation and prolongs survival in AML mouse models. These studies demonstrate feasibility of paralog-selective GSK3α inhibition, offering a promising therapeutic approach in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence F Wagner
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Lina Benajiba
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,INSERM U1163 and CNRS 8254, Imagine Institute, Université Paris Saclay, 91190 Paris, France
| | - Arthur J Campbell
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Michel Weïwer
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Joshua R Sacher
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jennifer P Gale
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Linda Ross
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alexandre Puissant
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,INSERM U944, Institute of Hematology, St. Louis Hospital, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Gabriela Alexe
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Bioinformatics Graduate Program, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Amy Conway
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Morgan Back
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yana Pikman
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ilene Galinsky
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Daniel J DeAngelo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Richard M Stone
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Taner Kaya
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Xi Shi
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Matthew B Robers
- Promega Corporation, 2800 Woods Hollow Road, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Thomas Machleidt
- Promega Corporation, 2800 Woods Hollow Road, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | | | - Olivier Hermine
- INSERM U1163 and CNRS 8254, Imagine Institute, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Department of Hematology, Hôpital Necker, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Descartes, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Andrew Kung
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | | | | | - Michael T Hemann
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Edward Scolnick
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Yan-Ling Zhang
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jen Q Pan
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Kimberly Stegmaier
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. .,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Edward B Holson
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
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6
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Protein Phosphatase Ppz1 Is Not Regulated by a Hal3-Like Protein in Plant Pathogen Ustilago maydis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153817. [PMID: 31387236 PMCID: PMC6695811 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ppz enzymes are type-1 related Ser/Thr protein phosphatases that are restricted to fungi. In S. cerevisiae and other fungi, Ppz1 is involved in cation homeostasis and is regulated by two structurally-related inhibitory subunits, Hal3 and Vhs3, with Hal3 being the most physiologically relevant. Remarkably, Hal3 and Vhs3 have moonlighting properties, as they participate in an atypical heterotrimeric phosphopantothenoyl cysteine decarboxylase (PPCDC), a key enzyme for Coenzyme A biosynthesis. Here we identify and functionally characterize Ppz1 phosphatase (UmPpz1) and its presumed regulatory subunit (UmHal3) in the plant pathogen fungus Ustilago maydis. UmPpz1 is not an essential protein in U. maydis and, although possibly related to the cell wall integrity pathway, is not involved in monovalent cation homeostasis. The expression of UmPpz1 in S. cerevisiae Ppz1-deficient cells partially mimics the functions of the endogenous enzyme. In contrast to what was found in C. albicans and A. fumigatus, UmPpz1 is not a virulence determinant. UmHal3, an unusually large protein, is the only functional PPCDC in U. maydis and, therefore, an essential protein. However, when overexpressed in U. maydis or S. cerevisiae, UmHal3 does not reproduce Ppz1-inhibitory phenotypes. Indeed, UmHal3 does not inhibit UmPpz1 in vitro (although ScHal3 does). Therefore, UmHal3 might not be a moonlighting protein.
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7
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Halder V, Oeljeklaus J, Heilmann G, Krahn JH, Liu Y, Xiong Y, Schlicht M, Schillinger J, Kracher B, Ehrmann M, Kombrink E, Kaschani F, Kaiser M. Identification of the Natural Product Rotihibin A as a TOR Kinase Signaling Inhibitor by Unbiased Transcriptional Profiling. Chemistry 2018; 24:12500-12504. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Halder
- Chemical Biology, Zentrum für Medizinische Biotechnologie; Universität Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstrasse 2 45117 Essen Germany
- Chemical Biology Laboratory; Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research; Carl-von-Linnè-Weg 10 50829 Köln Germany
| | - Julian Oeljeklaus
- Chemical Biology, Zentrum für Medizinische Biotechnologie; Universität Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstrasse 2 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Geronimo Heilmann
- Chemical Biology, Zentrum für Medizinische Biotechnologie; Universität Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstrasse 2 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Jan H. Krahn
- Chemical Biology, Zentrum für Medizinische Biotechnologie; Universität Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstrasse 2 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Yanlin Liu
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center; Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University; Fujian Province 350002 P.R. China
| | - Yan Xiong
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center; Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University; Fujian Province 350002 P.R. China
| | - Markus Schlicht
- Chemical Biology Laboratory; Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research; Carl-von-Linnè-Weg 10 50829 Köln Germany
| | - Jasmin Schillinger
- Microbiology, Zentrum für Medizinische Biotechnologie; Universität Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstrasse 2 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Barbara Kracher
- Bioinformatics, Department of Plant Microbe Interactions; Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research; Carl-von-Linnè-Weg 10 50829 Köln Germany
| | - Michael Ehrmann
- Microbiology, Zentrum für Medizinische Biotechnologie; Universität Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstrasse 2 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Erich Kombrink
- Chemical Biology Laboratory; Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research; Carl-von-Linnè-Weg 10 50829 Köln Germany
| | - Farnusch Kaschani
- Chemical Biology, Zentrum für Medizinische Biotechnologie; Universität Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstrasse 2 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Markus Kaiser
- Chemical Biology, Zentrum für Medizinische Biotechnologie; Universität Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstrasse 2 45117 Essen Germany
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8
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Tesch R, Becker C, Müller MP, Beck ME, Quambusch L, Getlik M, Lategahn J, Uhlenbrock N, Costa FN, Polêto MD, Pinheiro PDSM, Rodrigues DA, Sant'Anna CMR, Ferreira FF, Verli H, Fraga CAM, Rauh D. Eine ungewöhnliche intramolekulare Halogenbindung führt zu konformationeller Selektion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201804917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Tesch
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas, (LASSBio); Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CEP 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro Brasilien
| | - Christian Becker
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Matthias Philipp Müller
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Michael Edmund Beck
- Bayer AG; division Crop Science; Alfred-Nobel-Straße 50 40789 Monheim am Rhein Deutschland
| | - Lena Quambusch
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Matthäus Getlik
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Jonas Lategahn
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Niklas Uhlenbrock
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | | | - Marcelo D. Polêto
- Centro de Biotecnologia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500 Porto Alegre Brasilien
| | - Pedro de Sena Murteira Pinheiro
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas, (LASSBio); Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CEP 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro Brasilien
| | - Daniel Alencar Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas, (LASSBio); Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CEP 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro Brasilien
| | - Carlos Mauricio R. Sant'Anna
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas, (LASSBio); Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CEP 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro Brasilien
- Departamento de Química; Instituto de Ciências Exatas Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro; Seropédica Brasilien
| | - Fabio Furlan Ferreira
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas; Universidade Federal do ABC; São Paulo Brasilien
| | - Hugo Verli
- Centro de Biotecnologia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500 Porto Alegre Brasilien
| | - Carlos Alberto Manssour Fraga
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas, (LASSBio); Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CEP 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro Brasilien
| | - Daniel Rauh
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
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9
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Tesch R, Becker C, Müller MP, Beck ME, Quambusch L, Getlik M, Lategahn J, Uhlenbrock N, Costa FN, Polêto MD, Pinheiro PDSM, Rodrigues DA, Sant'Anna CMR, Ferreira FF, Verli H, Fraga CAM, Rauh D. An Unusual Intramolecular Halogen Bond Guides Conformational Selection. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:9970-9975. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201804917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Tesch
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; TU Dortmund University; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CEP 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Christian Becker
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; TU Dortmund University; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Matthias Philipp Müller
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; TU Dortmund University; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Michael Edmund Beck
- Bayer AG; division Crop Science; Alfred-Nobel-Strasse 50 40789 Monheim am Rhein Germany
| | - Lena Quambusch
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; TU Dortmund University; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Matthäus Getlik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; TU Dortmund University; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Jonas Lategahn
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; TU Dortmund University; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Niklas Uhlenbrock
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; TU Dortmund University; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | | | - Marcelo D. Polêto
- Centro de Biotecnologia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500 Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Pedro de Sena Murteira Pinheiro
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CEP 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Daniel Alencar Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CEP 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Carlos Mauricio R. Sant'Anna
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CEP 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Departamento de Química; Instituto de Ciências Exatas Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro; Seropédica Brazil
| | - Fabio Furlan Ferreira
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas; Universidade Federal do ABC; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Hugo Verli
- Centro de Biotecnologia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500 Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Manssour Fraga
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CEP 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Daniel Rauh
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; TU Dortmund University; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a 44227 Dortmund Germany
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10
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Knoepfel T, Furet P, Mah R, Buschmann N, Leblanc C, Ripoche S, Graus-Porta D, Wartmann M, Galuba I, Fairhurst RA. 2-Formylpyridyl Ureas as Highly Selective Reversible-Covalent Inhibitors of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4. ACS Med Chem Lett 2018. [PMID: 29541363 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As part of a project to identify FGFR4 selective inhibitors, scaffold morphing of a 2-formylquinoline amide hit identified series of 2-formylpyridine ureas (2-FPUs) with improved potency and physicochemical properties. In particular, tetrahydronaphthyridine urea analogues with cellular activities below 30 nM have been identified. Consistent with the hypothesized reversible-covalent mechanism of inhibition, the 2-FPUs exhibited slow binding kinetics, and the aldehyde, as the putative electrophile, could be demonstrated to be a key structural element for activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Knoepfel
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Furet
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robert Mah
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Buschmann
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Leblanc
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sebastien Ripoche
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Diana Graus-Porta
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Wartmann
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Inga Galuba
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
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Kilani J, Fillinger S. Phenylpyrroles: 30 Years, Two Molecules and (Nearly) No Resistance. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:2014. [PMID: 28018333 PMCID: PMC5159414 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.02014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenylpyrroles are chemical analogs of the natural antifungal compound pyrrolnitrin. Fenpiclonil, but mainly fludioxonil are registered against multiple fungal crop diseases since over 25 years for seed or foliar treatment. They have severe physiological impacts on the pathogen, including membrane hyperpolarization, changes in carbon metabolism and the accumulation of metabolites leading to hyphal swelling and burst. The selection and characterization of mutants resistant to phenylpyrroles have revealed that these fungicides activate the fungal osmotic signal transduction pathway through their perception by a typical fungal hybrid histidine kinase (HHK). The HHK is prone to point mutations that confer fungicide resistance and affect its sensor domain, composed of tandem repeats of HAMP motifs. Fludioxonil resistant mutants have been selected in many fungal species under laboratory conditions. Generally they present severe impacts on fitness parameters. Since only few cases of field resistance specific to phenylpyrroles have been reported one may suspect that the fitness penalty of phenylpyrrole resistance is the reason for the lack of field resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaafar Kilani
- UMR BIOGER, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Université Paris SaclayThiverval-Grignon, France
- Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-SaclayOrsay, France
| | - Sabine Fillinger
- UMR BIOGER, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Université Paris SaclayThiverval-Grignon, France
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Arfeen M, Bhagat S, Patel R, Prasad S, Roy I, Chakraborti AK, Bharatam PV. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 5-benzylidene-2-iminothiazolidin-4-ones as selective GSK-3β inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 121:727-736. [PMID: 27423119 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, iminothiazolidin-4-one derivatives were explored as selective GSK-3β inhibitors. Molecular docking analysis was carried to design a series of compounds, which were synthesized using substituted thiourea, 2-bromoacetophenones and benzaldehydes. Out of the twenty five compounds synthesized during this work, the in vitro evaluation against GSK-3 led to the identification of nine compounds with activity in lower nano-molar range (2-85 nM). Further, in vitro evaluation against CDK-2 showed five compounds to be selective towards GSK-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhajul Arfeen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Shweta Bhagat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Rahul Patel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Shivcharan Prasad
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Ipsita Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Asit K Chakraborti
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Prasad V Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, 160062, Punjab, India.
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13
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Sebastián-Pérez V, Manoli MT, Pérez DI, Gil C, Mellado E, Martínez A, Espeso EA, Campillo NE. New applications for known drugs: Human glycogen synthase kinase 3 inhibitors as modulators of Aspergillus fumigatus growth. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 116:281-289. [PMID: 27131621 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is one of the most severe forms of fungi infection. IA disease is mainly due to Aspergillus fumigatus, an air-borne opportunistic pathogen. Mortality rate caused by IA is still very high (50-95%), because of difficulty in early diagnostics and reduced antifungal treatment options, thus new and efficient drugs are necessary. The aim of this work is, using Aspergillus nidulans as non-pathogen model, to develop efficient drugs to treat IA. The recent discovered role of glycogen synthase kinase-3 homologue, GskA, in A. fumigatus human infection and our previous experience on human GSK-3 inhibitors focus our attention on this kinase as a target for the development of antifungal drugs. With the aim to identify effective inhibitors of colonial growth of A. fumigatus we use A. nidulans as an accurate model for in vivo and in silico studies. Several well-known human GSK-3β inhibitors were tested for inhibition of A. nidulans colony growth. Computational tools as docking studies and binding site prediction was used to explain the different biological profile of the tested inhibitors. Three of the five tested hGSK3β inhibitors are able to reduce completely the colonial growth by covalent bind to the enzyme. Therefore these compounds may be useful in different applications to eradicate IA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Sebastián-Pérez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB, CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria-Tsampika Manoli
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB, CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel I Pérez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB, CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Gil
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB, CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilia Mellado
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB, CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo A Espeso
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB, CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria E Campillo
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB, CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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14
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Qin J, Wang G, Jiang C, Xu JR, Wang C. Fgk3 glycogen synthase kinase is important for development, pathogenesis, and stress responses in Fusarium graminearum. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8504. [PMID: 25703795 PMCID: PMC4336942 DOI: 10.1038/srep08504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheat scab caused by Fusarium graminearum is an important disease. In a previous study, the FGK3 glycogen synthase kinase gene orthologous to mammalian GSK3 was identified as an important virulence factor. Although GSK3 orthologs are well-conserved, none of them have been functionally characterized in fungal pathogens. In this study, we further characterized the roles of FGK3 gene. The Δfgk3 mutant had pleiotropic defects in growth rate, conidium morphology, germination, and perithecium formation. It was non-pathogenic in infection assays and blocked in DON production. Glycogen accumulation was increased in the Δfgk3 mutant, confirming the inhibitory role of Fgk3 on glycogen synthase. In FGK3-GFP transformants, GFP signals mainly localized to the cytoplasm in conidia but to the cytoplasm and nucleus in hyphae. Moreover, the expression level of FGK3 increased in response to cold, H2O2, and SDS stresses. In the Δfgk3 mutant, cold, heat, and salt stresses failed to induce the expression of the stress response-related genes FgGRE2, FgGPD1, FgCTT1, and FgMSN2. In the presence of 80 mM LiCl, a GSK3 kinase inhibitor, the wild type displayed similar defects to the Δfgk3 mutant. Overall, our results indicate that FGK3 is important for growth, conidiogenesis, DON production, pathogenicity, and stress responses in F. graminearum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jin-Rong Xu
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, USA
| | - Chenfang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Turrà D, Segorbe D, Di Pietro A. Protein kinases in plant-pathogenic fungi: conserved regulators of infection. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2014; 52:267-88. [PMID: 25090477 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-102313-050143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Phytopathogenic fungi have evolved an amazing diversity of infection modes and nutritional strategies, yet the signaling pathways that govern pathogenicity are remarkably conserved. Protein kinases (PKs) catalyze the reversible phosphorylation of proteins, regulating a variety of cellular processes. Here, we present an overview of our current understanding of the different classes of PKs that contribute to fungal pathogenicity on plants and of the mechanisms that regulate and coordinate PK activity during infection-related development. In addition to the well-studied PK modules, such as MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) and cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate)-PKA (protein kinase A) cascades, we also discuss new PK pathways that have emerged in recent years as key players of pathogenic development and disease. Understanding how conserved PK signaling networks have been recruited during the evolution of fungal pathogenicity not only advances our knowledge of the highly elaborate infection process but may also lead to the development of novel strategies for the control of plant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Turrà
- Departamento de Genética and Campus de Excelencia Agroalimentario (ceiA3), Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; , ,
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16
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Simard JR, Rauh D. FLiK: a direct-binding assay for the identification and kinetic characterization of stabilizers of inactive kinase conformations. Methods Enzymol 2014; 548:147-71. [PMID: 25399645 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-397918-6.00006-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite the hundreds of kinase inhibitors currently in discovery and preclinical phases, the number of FDA-approved kinase inhibitors remains very low by comparison, a discrepancy which reflects the challenges which accompanies kinase inhibitor development. Targeting protein kinases with ATP-competitive inhibitors has been the classical approach to inhibit kinase activity, but the highly conserved nature of the ATP-binding site often contributes to the poor inhibitor selectivity. To address this problem, we developed a high-throughput screening technology that can discriminate for inhibitors, which stabilize inactive kinase conformations by binding within allosteric pockets in the kinase domain. Here, we describe how to use the Fluorescence Labels in Kinases approach to measure the K(d) of ligands as well as how to kinetically characterize the binding and dissociation of ligands to the kinase. We also describe how this technology can be used to rapidly screen small molecule libraries in high throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R Simard
- Chemical Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Daniel Rauh
- Chemical Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society, Dortmund, Germany; Fakultät Chemie, Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany.
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17
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Grütter C, Sreeramulu S, Sessa G, Rauh D. Structural characterization of the RLCK family member BSK8: a pseudokinase with an unprecedented architecture. J Mol Biol 2013; 425:4455-67. [PMID: 23911552 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2013.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Revised: 07/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Brassinosteroid signaling kinases (BSKs) are plant-specific receptor-like cytoplasmic protein kinases involved in the brassinosteroid signaling pathway. Unlike common protein kinases, they possess a naturally occurring alanine residue at the "gatekeeper" position, as well as other sequence variations. How BSKs activate downstream proteins such as BSU1, as well as the structural consequences of their unusual sequential features, was unclear. We crystallized the catalytic domain of BSK8 and solved its structure by multiple-wavelength anomalous dispersion phasing methods to a resolution of 1.5Å. In addition, a co-crystal structure of BSK8 with 5-adenylyl imidodiphosphate (AMP-PNP) revealed unusual conformational arrangements of the nucleotide phosphate groups and catalytic key motifs, typically not observed for active protein kinases. Sequential analysis and comparisons with known pseudokinase structures suggest that BSKs represent constitutively inactive protein kinases that regulate brassinosteroid signal transfer through an allosteric mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Grütter
- Technische Universität Dortmund Fakultät Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
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