1
|
Alper P, Betschart C, André C, Boulay T, Cheng D, Deane J, Faller M, Feifel R, Glatthar R, Han D, Hemmig R, Jiang T, Knoepfel T, Maginnis J, Mutnick D, Pei W, Ruzzante G, Syka P, Zhang G, Zhang Y, Zink F, Zipfel G, Hawtin S, Junt T, Michellys PY. Discovery of the TLR7/8 Antagonist MHV370 for Treatment of Systemic Autoimmune Diseases. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:1054-1062. [PMID: 37583811 PMCID: PMC10424326 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 and TLR8 are endosomal sensors of the innate immune system that are activated by GU-rich single stranded RNA (ssRNA). Multiple genetic and functional lines of evidence link chronic activation of TLR7/8 to the pathogenesis of systemic autoimmune diseases (sAID) such as Sjögren's syndrome (SjS) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This makes targeting TLR7/8-induced inflammation with small-molecule inhibitors an attractive approach for the treatment of patients suffering from systemic autoimmune diseases. Here, we describe how structure-based optimization of compound 2 resulted in the discovery of 34 (MHV370, (S)-N-(4-((5-(1,6-dimethyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-3-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-1-yl)methyl)bicyclo[2.2.2]octan-1-yl)morpholine-3-carboxamide). Its in vivo activity allows for further profiling toward clinical trials in patients with autoimmune disorders, and a Phase 2 proof of concept study of MHV370 has been initiated, testing its safety and efficacy in patients with Sjögren's syndrome and mixed connective tissue disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phil Alper
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Claudia Betschart
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, Fabrikstrasse 2, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cédric André
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, Fabrikstrasse 2, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Boulay
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, Fabrikstrasse 2, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dai Cheng
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jonathan Deane
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Michael Faller
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, Fabrikstrasse 2, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roland Feifel
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, Fabrikstrasse 2, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ralf Glatthar
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, Fabrikstrasse 2, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dong Han
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Rene Hemmig
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, Fabrikstrasse 2, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tao Jiang
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Thomas Knoepfel
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, Fabrikstrasse 2, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jillian Maginnis
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Daniel Mutnick
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Wei Pei
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Giulia Ruzzante
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, Fabrikstrasse 2, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Syka
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Guobao Zhang
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Yi Zhang
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Florence Zink
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, Fabrikstrasse 2, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Géraldine Zipfel
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, Fabrikstrasse 2, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stuart Hawtin
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, Fabrikstrasse 2, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Junt
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, Fabrikstrasse 2, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pierre-Yves Michellys
- Novartis
Institutes for Biomedical Research, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Betschart C, Faller M, Zink F, Hemmig R, Blank J, Vangrevelinghe E, Bourrel M, Glatthar R, Behnke D, Barker K, Heizmann A, Angst D, Nimsgern P, Jacquier S, Junt T, Zipfel G, Ruzzante G, Loetscher P, Limonta S, Hawtin S, Andre CB, Boulay T, Feifel R, Knoepfel T. Structure-Based Optimization of a Fragment-like TLR8 Binding Screening Hit to an In Vivo Efficacious TLR7/8 Antagonist. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:658-664. [PMID: 35450354 PMCID: PMC9014506 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Inappropriate activation of TLR7 and TLR8 is linked to several autoimmune diseases, such as lupus erythematosus. Here we report on the efficient structure-based optimization of the inhibition of TLR8, starting from a co-crystal structure of a small screening hit. Further optimization of the physicochemical properties for cellular potency and expansion of the structure-activity relationship for dual potency finally resulted in a highly potent TLR7/8 antagonist with demonstrated in vivo efficacy after oral dosing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Betschart
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Faller
- Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florence Zink
- Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - René Hemmig
- Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jutta Blank
- Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eric Vangrevelinghe
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marjorie Bourrel
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ralf Glatthar
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Behnke
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kerstin Barker
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Heizmann
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Angst
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Nimsgern
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sébastien Jacquier
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Junt
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Géraldine Zipfel
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Giulia Ruzzante
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pius Loetscher
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Limonta
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stuart Hawtin
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cedric Bernard Andre
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Boulay
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roland Feifel
- Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Knoepfel
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Affiliation(s)
- Hansjoerg Lehmann
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Ruppen
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Knoepfel
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Knoepfel T, Furet P, Mah R, Buschmann N, Leblanc C, Ripoche S, Graus-Porta D, Wartmann M, Galuba I, Fairhurst RA. Correction to "2-Formylpyridyl Ureas as Highly Selective Reversible-Covalent Inhibitors of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4". ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:2341. [PMID: 33214851 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00485.].
Collapse
|
5
|
Fairhurst RA, Knoepfel T, Buschmann N, Leblanc C, Mah R, Todorov M, Nimsgern P, Ripoche S, Niklaus M, Warin N, Luu VH, Madoerin M, Wirth J, Graus-Porta D, Weiss A, Kiffe M, Wartmann M, Kinyamu-Akunda J, Sterker D, Stamm C, Adler F, Buhles A, Schadt H, Couttet P, Blank J, Galuba I, Trappe J, Voshol J, Ostermann N, Zou C, Berghausen J, Del Rio Espinola A, Jahnke W, Furet P. Discovery of Roblitinib (FGF401) as a Reversible-Covalent Inhibitor of the Kinase Activity of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4. J Med Chem 2020; 63:12542-12573. [PMID: 32930584 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
FGF19 signaling through the FGFR4/β-klotho receptor complex has been shown to be a key driver of growth and survival in a subset of hepatocellular carcinomas, making selective FGFR4 inhibition an attractive treatment opportunity. A kinome-wide sequence alignment highlighted a poorly conserved cysteine residue within the FGFR4 ATP-binding site at position 552, two positions beyond the gate-keeper residue. Several strategies for targeting this cysteine to identify FGFR4 selective inhibitor starting points are summarized which made use of both rational and unbiased screening approaches. The optimization of a 2-formylquinoline amide hit series is described in which the aldehyde makes a hemithioacetal reversible-covalent interaction with cysteine 552. Key challenges addressed during the optimization are improving the FGFR4 potency, metabolic stability, and solubility leading ultimately to the highly selective first-in-class clinical candidate roblitinib.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin A Fairhurst
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Knoepfel
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Buschmann
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Leblanc
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robert Mah
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Milen Todorov
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Nimsgern
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sebastien Ripoche
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michel Niklaus
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Warin
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Van Huy Luu
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mario Madoerin
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jasmin Wirth
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Diana Graus-Porta
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Weiss
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Kiffe
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Wartmann
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Dario Sterker
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christelle Stamm
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Flavia Adler
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Buhles
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Heiko Schadt
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Couttet
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jutta Blank
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Inga Galuba
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Trappe
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Voshol
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nils Ostermann
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Chao Zou
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Berghausen
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Wolfgang Jahnke
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Furet
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Alper PB, Deane J, Betschart C, Buffet D, Collignon Zipfel G, Gordon P, Hampton J, Hawtin S, Ibanez M, Jiang T, Junt T, Knoepfel T, Liu B, Maginnis J, McKeever U, Michellys PY, Mutnick D, Nayak B, Niwa S, Richmond W, Rush JS, Syka P, Zhang Y, Zhu X. Discovery of potent, orally bioavailable in vivo efficacious antagonists of the TLR7/8 pathway. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127366. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
7
|
Knoepfel T, Nimsgern P, Jacquier S, Bourrel M, Vangrevelinghe E, Glatthar R, Behnke D, Alper PB, Michellys PY, Deane J, Junt T, Zipfel G, Limonta S, Hawtin S, Andre C, Boulay T, Loetscher P, Faller M, Blank J, Feifel R, Betschart C. Target-Based Identification and Optimization of 5-Indazol-5-yl Pyridones as Toll-like Receptor 7 and 8 Antagonists Using a Biochemical TLR8 Antagonist Competition Assay. J Med Chem 2020; 63:8276-8295. [PMID: 32786235 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inappropriate activation of endosomal TLR7 and TLR8 occurs in several autoimmune diseases, in particular systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Herein, the development of a TLR8 antagonist competition assay and its application for hit generation of dual TLR7/8 antagonists are reported. The structure-guided optimization of the pyridone hit 3 using this biochemical assay in combination with cellular and TLR8 cocrystal structural data resulted in the identification of a highly potent and selective TLR7/8 antagonist (27) with in vivo efficacy. The two key steps for optimization were (i) a core morph guided by a TLR7 sequence alignment to achieve a dual TLR7/8 antagonism profile and (ii) introduction of a fluorine in the piperidine ring to reduce its basicity, resulting in attractive oral pharmacokinetic (PK) properties and improved TLR8 binding affinity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Phil B Alper
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Pierre-Yves Michellys
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jonathan Deane
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Weiss A, Adler F, Buhles A, Stamm C, Fairhurst RA, Kiffe M, Sterker D, Centeleghe M, Wartmann M, Kinyamu-Akunda J, Schadt HS, Couttet P, Wolf A, Wang Y, Barzaghi-Rinaudo P, Murakami M, Kauffmann A, Knoepfel T, Buschmann N, Leblanc C, Mah R, Furet P, Blank J, Hofmann F, Sellers WR, Graus Porta D. FGF401, A First-In-Class Highly Selective and Potent FGFR4 Inhibitor for the Treatment of FGF19-Driven Hepatocellular Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:2194-2206. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-1291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
|
9
|
Knoepfel T, Furet P, Mah R, Buschmann N, Leblanc C, Ripoche S, Graus-Porta D, Wartmann M, Galuba I, Fairhurst RA. 2-Formylpyridyl Ureas as Highly Selective Reversible-Covalent Inhibitors of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4. ACS Med Chem Lett 2018. [PMID: 29541363 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As part of a project to identify FGFR4 selective inhibitors, scaffold morphing of a 2-formylquinoline amide hit identified series of 2-formylpyridine ureas (2-FPUs) with improved potency and physicochemical properties. In particular, tetrahydronaphthyridine urea analogues with cellular activities below 30 nM have been identified. Consistent with the hypothesized reversible-covalent mechanism of inhibition, the 2-FPUs exhibited slow binding kinetics, and the aldehyde, as the putative electrophile, could be demonstrated to be a key structural element for activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Knoepfel
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Furet
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robert Mah
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Buschmann
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Leblanc
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sebastien Ripoche
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Diana Graus-Porta
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Wartmann
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Inga Galuba
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fairhurst RA, Knoepfel T, Leblanc C, Buschmann N, Gaul C, Blank J, Galuba I, Trappe J, Zou C, Voshol J, Genick C, Brunet-Lefeuvre P, Bitsch F, Graus-Porta D, Furet P. Approaches to selective fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 inhibition through targeting the ATP-pocket middle-hinge region. Medchemcomm 2017; 8:1604-1613. [PMID: 30108871 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00213k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A diverse range of selective FGFR4 inhibitor hit series were identified using unbiased screening approaches and by the modification of known kinase inhibitor scaffolds. In each case the origin of the selectivity was consistent with an interaction with a poorly conserved cysteine residue within the middle-hinge region of the kinase domain of FGFR4, at position 552. Targeting this region identified a non-covalent diaminopyrimidine series differentiating by size, an irreversible-covalent inhibitor in which Cys552 undergoes an SNAr reaction with a 2-chloropyridine, and a reversible-covalent inhibitor series in which Cys552 forms a hemithioacetal adduct with a 2-formyl naphthalene. In addition, the introduction of an acrylamide into a known FGFR scaffold identified a pan-FGFR inhibitor which reacted with both Cys552 and a second poorly conserved cysteine on the P-loop of FGFR4 at position 477 which is present in all four FGFR family members.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin A Fairhurst
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel , Switzerland .
| | - Thomas Knoepfel
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel , Switzerland .
| | - Catherine Leblanc
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel , Switzerland .
| | - Nicole Buschmann
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel , Switzerland .
| | - Christoph Gaul
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel , Switzerland .
| | - Jutta Blank
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel , Switzerland .
| | - Inga Galuba
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel , Switzerland .
| | - Jörg Trappe
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel , Switzerland .
| | - Chao Zou
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel , Switzerland .
| | - Johannes Voshol
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel , Switzerland .
| | - Christine Genick
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel , Switzerland .
| | | | - Francis Bitsch
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel , Switzerland .
| | - Diana Graus-Porta
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel , Switzerland .
| | - Pascal Furet
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , CH-4002 Basel , Switzerland .
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fenollar-Ferrer C, Patti M, Werner A, Knoepfel T, Forster IC, Forrest LR. The Na1 Binding Site in the Human Sodium-Phosphate Cotransporter NaPi-IIa. Biophys J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2014.11.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
|
12
|
Fenollar-Ferrer MC, Patti M, Knoepfel T, Werner A, Forster IC, Forrest LR. Structural Model of the Human Sodium-Phosphate Cotransporter NaPi-II. Biophys J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.11.1335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
13
|
Sansig G, Bushell TJ, Clarke VR, Rozov A, Burnashev N, Portet C, Gasparini F, Schmutz M, Klebs K, Shigemoto R, Flor PJ, Kuhn R, Knoepfel T, Schroeder M, Hampson DR, Collett VJ, Zhang C, Duvoisin RM, Collingridge GL, van Der Putten H. Increased seizure susceptibility in mice lacking metabotropic glutamate receptor 7. J Neurosci 2001; 21:8734-45. [PMID: 11698585 PMCID: PMC6762269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
To study the role of mGlu7 receptors (mGluR7), we used homologous recombination to generate mice lacking this metabotropic receptor subtype (mGluR7(-/-)). After the serendipitous discovery of a sensory stimulus-evoked epileptic phenotype, we tested two convulsant drugs, pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) and bicuculline. In animals aged 12 weeks and older, subthreshold doses of these drugs induced seizures in mGluR7(-/-), but not in mGluR7(+/-), mice. PTZ-induced seizures were inhibited by three standard anticonvulsant drugs, but not by the group III selective mGluR agonist (R,S)-4-phosphonophenylglycine (PPG). Consistent with the lack of signs of epileptic activity in the absence of specific stimuli, mGluR7(-/-) mice showed no major changes in synaptic properties in two slice preparations. However, slightly increased excitability was evident in hippocampal slices. In addition, there was slower recovery from frequency facilitation in cortical slices, suggesting a role for mGluR7 as a frequency-dependent regulator in presynaptic terminals. Our findings suggest that mGluR7 receptors have a unique role in regulating neuronal excitability and that these receptors may be a novel target for the development of anticonvulsant drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Sansig
- Nervous System Department, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bruno V, Copani A, Bonanno L, Knoepfel T, Kuhn R, Roberts PJ, Nicoletti F. Activation of group III metabotropic glutamate receptors is neuroprotective in cortical cultures. Eur J Pharmacol 1996; 310:61-6. [PMID: 8880068 DOI: 10.1016/0014-2999(96)00358-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
(RS)-alpha-Methyl-4-phosphonophenylglycine (MPPG) and (S)-alpha-methyl-3-carboxyphenylalanine (M3CPA), two novel preferential antagonists of group III metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors, antagonized the neuroprotective activity of L-2-amino-4-phosphono-butanoate (L-AP4) or L-serine-O-phosphate in mice cultured cortical cells exposed to a toxic pulse of N-methyl-D-aspartate. In contrast, MPPG did not influence the neuroprotective activity of the selective group II mGlu receptor agonist, (2S,1'R,2'R,3'R)-2-(2,3-dicarboxy-cyclopropyl) glycine (DCG-IV). These results indicate that activation of group III mGu receptors exerts neuroprotective activity against excitotoxic neuronal death. At least one of the two major group III mGlu receptor subtypes, i.e. mGlu4 receptor, is expressed by cultured cortical neurons, as shown by immunocytochemical analysis with specific polyclonal antibodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Bruno
- Instituto Mediterraneo di Neuroscienze Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Grandes P, Mateos J, Azkue J, Sarria R, Benitez R, Ruegg D, Malitschek B, Kuhn R, Knoepfel T. Immunocytochemical localization of the mGluR1b metabotropic glutamate receptor in synaptic terminals of rat hippocampus. Neuropharmacology 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0028-3908(96)84701-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
16
|
Valerio A, Rizzonelli P, Paterlini M, Moretto B, Knoepfel T, Kühn R, Memo M, Spano P. mGluR5 immunolocalization in foetal and adult human spinal cord. Neuropharmacology 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0028-3908(96)84777-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
17
|
Knoepfel T, Batehelor A, Del Principe F, Garthwaite J, Vranesic I. The synaptic potential mediated by metabotropic glutamate receptors is not associated with a substantial elevation of cytosolic free calcium concentration in purkinje cells. Neuropharmacology 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0028-3908(96)84712-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|