1
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Jiang D, Pan Y, Yao H, Sun J, Xiong W, Li L, Zheng F, Sun S, Zhu JJ. Synthesis of Renal-Clearable Multicolor Fluorescent Silicon Nanodots for Tumor Imaging and In Vivo H 2O 2 Profiling. Anal Chem 2022; 94:9074-9080. [PMID: 35694855 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent silicon nanodots have shown great prospects for bioimaging and biosensing applications. Although various fluorescent silicon-containing nanodots (SiNDs) have been developed, there are few reports about renal-clearable multicolor SiNDs. Herein, renal-clearable multicolor fluorescent SiNDs are synthesized by using silane molecules and organic dyes through a facile one-step hydrothermal method. The fluorescence of the resulting SiNDs can be tuned to blue (bSiNDs), green (gSiNDs), and red (rSiNDs) by simply changing the categories of silane reagents or dye molecules. The as-prepared SiNDs exhibit strong fluorescence with a quantum yield up to 72%, excellent photostability, and good biocompatibility with 12 h renal clearance rate as high as 86% ID. These properties enabled the SiNDs for tumor fluorescence imaging and H2O2 imaging in living cells and tissue through in situ reduction reaction-lighted fluorescence of the nanoprobe. Our results provide an invaluable methodology for the synthesis of renal-clearable multicolor SiNDs and their potential applications for fluorescence imaging and biomarker sensing. These SiNDs are also promising for various biological and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Difei Jiang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Changhui Rd. 666, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, China
| | - Yifan Pan
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Changhui Rd. 666, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, China
| | - Haiyang Yao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Changhui Rd. 666, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, China
| | - Jiamin Sun
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Changhui Rd. 666, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, China
| | - Weiwei Xiong
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Changhui Rd. 666, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, China
| | - Lingling Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Longmian Ave 101, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Fenfen Zheng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Changhui Rd. 666, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, China
| | - Shasha Sun
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Changhui Rd. 666, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Xianlin Ave 163, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
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2
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Choi D, Kim JH, Kwon DC, Shin CH, Ryu H, Yoon E, Lee HC. Crystalline silicon nanoparticle formation by tailored plasma irradiation: self-structurization, nucleation and growth acceleration, and size control. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:10356-10364. [PMID: 34105564 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr00628b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Crystalline silicon nanoparticles at the nanometer scale have been attracting great interest in many different optoelectronic applications such as photovoltaic and light-emitting-diode devices. Formation, crystallization, and size control of silicon nanoparticles in nonharsh and nontoxic environments are highly required to achieve outstanding optoelectronic characteristics. The existing methods require high temperature, use of HF solution, and an additional process for the uniform redistribution of nanoparticles on the substrate and there are difficulties in controlling the size. Herein, we report a new self-assembly method that applies the controlled extremely low plasma ion energy near the sputtering threshold energy in rare gas environments as nonharsh and nontoxic environments. This method produces silicon nanoparticles by crystallization nucleation directly at the surface of the amorphous film via plasma surface interactions. It is evidently observed that the nucleation and growth rates of the crystalline silicon nanoparticles are promoted by the enhanced plasma ion energy. The crystalline silicon nanoparticle size is tailored to the nanometer scale by the plasma ion energy control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daehan Choi
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, South Korea. and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Jung Hyung Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, South Korea.
| | - Deuk Chul Kwon
- Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, Gunsan 54004, South Korea
| | - Chae Ho Shin
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, South Korea.
| | - Hyun Ryu
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, South Korea.
| | - Euijoon Yoon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Chang Lee
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, South Korea. and Department of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea
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3
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Robidillo CJT, Veinot JGC. Functional Bio-inorganic Hybrids from Silicon Quantum Dots and Biological Molecules. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:52251-52270. [PMID: 33155802 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c14199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are semiconductor nanoparticles that exhibit photoluminescent properties useful for applications in the field of diagnostics and medicine. Successful implementation of these QDs for bio-imaging and bio/chemical sensing typically involves conjugation to biologically active molecules for recognition and signal generation. Unfortunately, traditional and widely studied QDs are based upon heavy metals and other toxic elements (e.g., Cd- and Pb-based QDs), which precludes their safe use in actual biological systems. Silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) offer the same advantages as these heavy-metal-based QDs with the added benefits of nontoxicity and abundance. The preparation of functional bio-inorganic hybrids from SiQDs and biomolecules has lagged significantly compared to their traditional toxic counterparts because of the challenges associated with the synthesis of water-soluble SiQDs and their relative instability in aqueous environments. Advances in SiQD synthesis and surface functionalization, however, have made possible the preparation of functional bio-inorganic hybrids from SiQDs and biological molecules through different bioconjugation reactions. In this contribution, we review the various bioconjugate reactions by which SiQDs have been linked to biomolecules and implemented as platforms for bio-imaging and bio/chemical sensing. We also highlight the challenges that need to be addressed and overcome for these materials to reach their full potential. Lastly, we give prospective applications where this unique class of nontoxic and biocompatible materials can be of great utility in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Jay T Robidillo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
- Department of Physical Sciences and Mathematics, University of the Philippines Manila, Ermita, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Jonathan G C Veinot
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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4
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Fujii M, Minami A, Sugimoto H. Precise size separation of water-soluble red-to-near-infrared-luminescent silicon quantum dots by gel electrophoresis. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:9266-9271. [PMID: 32313916 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr02764b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Gel electrophoresis, which is a standard method for separation and analysis of macromolecules such as DNA, RNA and proteins, is applied for the first time to silicon (Si) quantum dots (QDs) for size separation. In the Si QDs studied, boron (B) and phosphorus (P) are simultaneously doped. Codoping induces a negative potential on the surface of a Si QD and makes it dispersible in water. Si QDs with different B and P concentrations and grown at different temperatures (950 °C-1200 °C) are studied. It is shown that native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis can separate codoped Si QDs by size. The capability of gel electrophoresis to immobilize size-separated QDs in a solid matrix makes detailed analyses of size-purified Si QDs possible. For example, the photoluminescence (PL) studies of the dried gel of Si QDs grown at 1100 °C demonstrate that a PL spectrum of a Si QD solution with the PL maximum around 1.4 eV can be separated into more than 15 spectra with the PL maximum changing from 1.2 to 1.8 eV depending on the migration distance. It is found that the relationship between the PL peak energy and the migration distance depends on the growth temperature of Si QDs as well as the B and P concentration. For all the samples with different impurity concentrations and grown at different temperatures, a clear trend is observed in the relationship between the full width at half maximum (FWHM) and the peak energy of the PL spectra in a wide energy range. The FWHM increases with the increasing peak energy and it is nearly twice larger than those observed for undoped Si QDs. The large PL FWHM of codoped Si QDs suggests that excitons are further localized in codoped Si QDs due to the existence of charged impurities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Fujii
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Kobe University, 657-8501 Kobe, Japan.
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5
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Marcelo GA, Lodeiro C, Capelo JL, Lorenzo J, Oliveira E. Magnetic, fluorescent and hybrid nanoparticles: From synthesis to application in biosystems. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 106:110104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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6
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Canham L. Introductory lecture: origins and applications of efficient visible photoluminescence from silicon-based nanostructures. Faraday Discuss 2020; 222:10-81. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fd00018c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights many spectroscopy-based studies and selected phenomenological studies of silicon-based nanostructures that provide insight into their likely PL mechanisms, and also covers six application areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh Canham
- School of Physics and Astronomy
- University of Birmingham
- Birmingham
- UK
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7
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8
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You Y, Tong X, Wang W, Sun J, Yu P, Ji H, Niu X, Wang ZM. Eco-Friendly Colloidal Quantum Dot-Based Luminescent Solar Concentrators. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1801967. [PMID: 31065522 PMCID: PMC6498128 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201801967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) have attracted significant attention as promising solar energy conversion devices for building integrated photovoltaic (PV) systems due to their simple architecture and cost-effective fabrication. Conventional LSCs are generally comprised of an optical waveguide slab with embedded emissive species and coupled PV cells. Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have been demonstrated as efficient emissive species for high-performance LSCs because of their outstanding optical properties including tunable absorption and emission spectra covering the ultraviolet/visible to near-infrared region, high photoluminescence quantum yield, large absorption cross sections, and considerable photostability. However, current commonly used QDs for high-performance LSCs consist of highly toxic heavy metals (i.e., cadmium and lead), which are fatal to human health and the environment. In this regard, it is highly desired that heavy metal-free and environmentally friendly QD-based LSCs are comprehensively studied. Here, notable advances and developments of LSCs based on unary, binary, and ternary eco-friendly QDs are presented. The synthetic approaches, optical properties of these eco-friendly QDs, and consequent device performance of QD-based LSCs are discussed in detail. A brief outlook pointing out the existing challenges and prospective developments of eco-friendly QD-based LSCs is provided, offering guidelines for future device optimizations and commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin You
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
| | - Xin Tong
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
| | - Wenhao Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
| | - Jiachen Sun
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
| | - Peng Yu
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
| | - Haining Ji
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
- School of Materials and EnergyState Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated DevicesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
| | - Xiaobin Niu
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
- School of Materials and EnergyState Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated DevicesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
| | - Zhiming M. Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
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9
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d’Amora M, Rodio M, Sancataldo G, Diaspro A, Intartaglia R. Laser-Fabricated Fluorescent, Ligand-Free Silicon Nanoparticles: Scale-up, Biosafety, and 3D Live Imaging of Zebrafish under Development. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2018; 2:321-329. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta d’Amora
- Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genoa 16163, Italy
| | - Marina Rodio
- Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
- Physical Chemistry, Hamburg University, Martin-Luther-King Platz 6, Hamburg 20146, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Sancataldo
- Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genoa 16163, Italy
- European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence 50121, Italy
| | - Alberto Diaspro
- Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genoa 16163, Italy
| | - Romuald Intartaglia
- Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genoa 16163, Italy
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10
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Fujii M, Sugimoto H, Kano S. Silicon quantum dots with heavily boron and phosphorus codoped shell. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:4375-4389. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc01612g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Heavily boron and phosphorus codoped silicon quantum dots (QDs) are dispersible in water without organic ligands and exhibit near infrared luminescence. We summarize the fundamental properties and demonstrate the formation of a variety of nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Fujii
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kobe University
- Kobe 657-8501
- Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sugimoto
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kobe University
- Kobe 657-8501
- Japan
| | - Shinya Kano
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kobe University
- Kobe 657-8501
- Japan
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11
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Zhang Y, Li C, Fan Y, Wang C, Yang R, Liu X, Zhou L. A self-quenching-resistant carbon nanodot powder with multicolored solid-state fluorescence for ultra-fast staining of various representative bacterial species within one minute. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:19744-19753. [PMID: 27874136 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr06553h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we prepared self-quenching-resistant solid-state fluorescent carbon nanodots (SFCDs) without any other solid matrices. The SFCDs were prepared using a one-step microwave synthesis method through precise control of the heating power and time. The resulting SFCD powder showed excitation-dependent emission behavior with a maximum fluorescence quantum yield of 40%. The multicolored SFCDs were successfully used as fluorescent agents for rapid staining of 14 representative bacterial species, including Gram-negative, Gram-positive, and acid-fast bacteria. Moreover, some pathogenic bacteria, including Bacillus anthracis (vegetative cells and endospores), Yersinia pestis, Vibrio cholera O1, Listeria monocytogenes, Neisseria meningitidis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, could all be stained within just 1 min by the smear staining method without any incubation, which was also applicable by using the liquid incubation method. Moreover, excellent staining quality, superior resistance to photobleaching, high stability in solutions of different pH values, and low toxicity were also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunfeng Li
- Laboratory of Analytical Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China. and Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China and Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Yi Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China.
| | - Chengbin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ruifu Yang
- Laboratory of Analytical Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China.
| | - Xingyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China.
| | - Lei Zhou
- Laboratory of Analytical Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China.
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12
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Chandra S, Ghosh B, Beaune G, Nagarajan U, Yasui T, Nakamura J, Tsuruoka T, Baba Y, Shirahata N, Winnik FM. Functional double-shelled silicon nanocrystals for two-photon fluorescence cell imaging: spectral evolution and tuning. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:9009-19. [PMID: 27076260 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr01437b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Functional near-IR (NIR) emitting nanoparticles (NPs) adapted for two-photon excitation fluorescence cell imaging were obtained starting from octadecyl-terminated silicon nanocrystals (ncSi-OD) of narrow photoluminescence (PL) spectra having no long emission tails, continuously tunable over the 700-1000 nm window, PL quantum yields exceeding 30%, and PL lifetimes of 300 μs or longer. These NPs, consisting of a Pluronic F127 shell and a core made up of assembled ncSi-OD kept apart by an octadecyl (OD) layer, were readily internalized into the cytosol, but not the nucleus, of NIH3T3 cells and were non-toxic. Asymmetrical field-flow fractionation (AF4) analysis was carried out to determine the size of the NPs in water. HiLyte Fluor 750 amine was linked via an amide link to NPs prepared with Pluronic-F127-COOH, as a first demonstration of functional NIR-emitting water dispersible ncSi-based nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourov Chandra
- WPI International Centre for Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan.
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13
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Enhanced photothermal effect of surface oxidized silicon nanocrystals anchored to reduced graphene oxide nanosheets. Chem Phys Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2016.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Rodio M, Brescia R, Diaspro A, Intartaglia R. Direct surface modification of ligand-free silicon quantum dots prepared by femtosecond laser ablation in deionized water. J Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 465:242-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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15
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Abstract
Semiconductor nanocrystals, or quantum dots (QDs), are candidates for biological sensing, photovoltaics, and catalysis due to their unique photophysical properties. The most studied QDs are composed of heavy metals like cadmium and lead. However, this engenders concerns over heavy metal toxicity. To address this issue, numerous studies have explored the development of nontoxic (or more accurately less toxic) quantum dots. In this Review, we select three major classes of nontoxic quantum dots composed of carbon, silicon and Group I-III-VI elements and discuss the myriad of synthetic strategies and surface modification methods to synthesize quantum dots composed of these material systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adita Das
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor St. Rm. 4500, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Preston T Snee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor St. Rm. 4500, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
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16
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Malumbres A, Martínez G, Hueso JL, Gracia J, Mallada R, Ibarra A, Santamaría J. Facile production of stable silicon nanoparticles: laser chemistry coupled to in situ stabilization via room temperature hydrosilylation. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:8566-8573. [PMID: 25898392 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr01031d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Stable, alkyl-terminated, light-emitting silicon nanoparticles have been synthesized in a continuous process by laser pyrolysis of a liquid trialkyl-silane precursor selected as a safer alternative to gas silane (SiH4). Stabilization was achieved by in situ reaction using a liquid collection system instead of the usual solid state filtration. The alkene contained in the collection liquid (1-dodecene) reacted with the newly formed silicon nanoparticles in an unusual room-temperature hydrosilylation process. It was achieved by the presence of fluoride species, also produced during laser pyrolysis from the decomposition of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) selected as a laser sensitizer. This process directly rendered alkyl-passivated silicon nanoparticles with consistent morphology and size (<3 nm), avoiding the use of costly post-synthetic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Malumbres
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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17
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Miyano M, Nakanishi T, Wada S, Kitagawa Y, Kawashima A, Fushimi K, Morisaki Y, Chujo Y, Hasegawa Y. Luminescent Silicon Nanoparticles Surface-Modified with Chiral Molecules. J PHOTOPOLYM SCI TEC 2015. [DOI: 10.2494/photopolymer.28.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yasuhiro Morisaki
- School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
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18
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Dasog M, De los Reyes GB, Titova LV, Hegmann FA, Veinot JGC. Size vs surface: tuning the photoluminescence of freestanding silicon nanocrystals across the visible spectrum via surface groups. ACS NANO 2014; 8:9636-48. [PMID: 25183018 DOI: 10.1021/nn504109a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The syntheses of colloidal silicon nanocrystals (Si-NCs) with dimensions in the 3-4 nm size regime as well as effective methodologies for their functionalization with alkyl, amine, phosphine, and acetal functional groups are reported. Through rational variation in the surface moieties we demonstrate that the photoluminescence of Si-NCs can be effectively tuned across the entire visible spectral region without changing particle size. The surface-state dependent emission exhibited short-lived excited-states and higher relative photoluminescence quantum yields compared to Si-NCs of equivalent size exhibiting emission originating from the band gap transition. The Si-NCs were exhaustively characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and their optical properties were thoroughly investigated using fluorescence spectroscopy, excited-state lifetime measurements, photobleaching experiments, and solvatochromism studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mita Dasog
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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19
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Das P, Jana NR. Highly colloidally stable hyperbranched polyglycerol grafted red fluorescent silicon nanoparticle as bioimaging probe. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:4301-4309. [PMID: 24555917 DOI: 10.1021/am406061x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Here we report a surface modification approach for fluorescent silicon nanoparticle that transforms hydrophobic nanoparticle into water-soluble nanoparticle of high colloidal stability. The approach involves ring-opening polymerization of glycidol at the hydroxyl-terminated nanoparticle surface that results in a hyperbranched polyglycerol grafted silicon nanoparticle (Si-HPG). The resultant Si-HPG has 25 nm hydrodynamic diameter, low surface charge, and broad emission in the range of 450-700 nm with a fluorescence quantum yield of 6-9%. The Si-HPG has been transformed into cyclic RGD peptide functionalized nanoprobe using the conventional bioconjugation chemistry and used for specific targeting to αvβ3 integrin overexpressed cervical cancer cells and glioblastoma cells. Result shows that a silicon nanoparticle-based red fluorescent nanoprobe can be developed for in vitro/in vivo bioimaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradip Das
- Centre for Advanced Materials, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata-700032, India
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20
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Cheng X, Lowe SB, Reece PJ, Gooding JJ. Colloidal silicon quantum dots: from preparation to the modification of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) for bio-applications. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:2680-700. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60353a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 326] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Summarizes recent advances in the preparation, surface modification and bio-applications of silicon quantum dots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Cheng
- School of Chemistry
- The University of New South Wales
- Sydney, Australia
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine
- The University of New South Wales
| | - Stuart B. Lowe
- School of Chemistry
- The University of New South Wales
- Sydney, Australia
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine
- The University of New South Wales
| | - Peter J. Reece
- School of Physics
- The University of New South Wales
- Sydney, Australia
| | - J. Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry
- The University of New South Wales
- Sydney, Australia
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine
- The University of New South Wales
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21
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Das P, Saha A, Maity AR, Ray SC, Jana NR. Silicon nanoparticle based fluorescent biological label via low temperature thermal degradation of chloroalkylsilane. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:5732-7. [PMID: 23715596 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr00932g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A simple low temperature colloid-chemical synthetic method is reported for size controlled synthesis of hydrophobic silicon nanoparticles in the 1-10 nm range. These silicon nanoparticles show size dependent tunable visible emission from blue to red with fluorescence quantum yield in the range of 6-13%. These silicon nanoparticles can be subjected to extensive surface chemistry without significant loss of their fluorescence properties. The as-synthesized red emitting nanoparticles have been transformed into water soluble functional nanoprobes of 18 nm hydrodynamic diameter and 5% fluorescence quantum yield and used as fluorescent biological labels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradip Das
- Centre for Advanced Materials, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
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22
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Shirahata N, Hirakawa D, Masuda Y, Sakka Y. Size-dependent color tuning of efficiently luminescent germanium nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:7401-7410. [PMID: 23057603 DOI: 10.1021/la303482s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
It is revealed that rigorous control of the size and surface of germanium nanoparticles allows fine color tuning of efficient fluorescence emission in the visible region. The spectral line widths of each emission were very narrow (<500 meV). Furthermore, the absolute fluorescence quantum yields of each emission were estimated to be 4-15%, which are high enough to be used as fluorescent labeling tags. In this study, a violet-light-emitting nanoparticle is demonstrated to be a new family of luminescent Ge. Such superior properties of fluorescence were observed from the fractions separated from one mother Ge nanoparticle sample by the fluorescent color using our developed combinatorial column technique. It is commonly believed that a broad spectral line width frequently observed from Ge nanoparticle appears because of an indirect band gap nature inherited even in nanostructures, but the present study argues that such a broad luminescence spectrum is expressed as an ensemble of different spectral lines and can be separated into the fractions emitting light in each wavelength region by the appropriate postsynthesis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Shirahata
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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23
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Liu J, Liang C, Tian Z, Zhang S, Shao G. Spontaneous Growth and Chemical Reduction Ability of Ge Nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2013. [PMCID: PMC3638158 DOI: 10.1038/srep01741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Forming colloidal solutions containing semiconductor quantum-sized nanoparticles (NPs) with clean surface has been a long-standing scientific challenge. In this contribution, we report a “top-down” method for the fabrication of Ge NPs by laser ablation of a Ge target in deionized water without adding any stabilizing reagents. The initial Ge NPs in amorphous structure showed spontaneous growth behavior by aging Ge colloids in deionized water under ambient temperature, which gradually evolved into a metastable tetragonal structure as an intermediate phase and then transformed into the stable cubic structure, being consistent with the Ostwald's rule of stages for the growth in a metastable system. The laser-induced initial Ge NPs demonstrate a unique and prominent size-dependent chemical reductive ability, which is evidenced by the rapid degradation of organic molecules such as chlorinated aromatic compounds, organic dyes, and reduction of heavy metal Cr(VI) ions.
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24
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Ghosh B, Ogawara M, Sakka Y, Shirahata N. White-light-emitting Liquefiable Silicon Nanocrystals. CHEM LETT 2012. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2012.1157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Batu Ghosh
- World Premier International Research Center Initiative for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)
| | - Makoto Ogawara
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba
- NIMS
| | - Yoshio Sakka
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba
- NIMS
| | - Naoto Shirahata
- World Premier International Research Center Initiative for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)
- NIMS
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
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25
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Singh MP, Atkins TM, Muthuswamy E, Kamali S, Tu C, Louie AY, Kauzlarich SM. Development of iron-doped silicon nanoparticles as bimodal imaging agents. ACS NANO 2012; 6:5596-604. [PMID: 22616623 PMCID: PMC3383901 DOI: 10.1021/nn301536n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the synthesis of water-soluble allylamine-terminated Fe-doped Si (Si(xFe)) nanoparticles as bimodal agents for optical and magnetic imaging. The preparation involves the synthesis of a single-source iron-containing precursor, Na(4)Si(4) with x% Fe (x = 1, 5, 10), and its subsequent reaction with NH(4)Br to produce hydrogen-terminated Si(xFe) nanoparticles. The hydrogen-capped nanoparticles are further terminated with allylamine via thermal hydrosilylation. Transmission electron microscopy indicates that the average particle diameter is ∼3.0 ± 1.0 nm. The Si(5Fe) nanoparticles show strong photoluminescence quantum yield in water (∼10%) with significant T(2) contrast (r(2)/r(1) value of 4.31). Electron paramagnetic resonance and Mössbauer spectroscopies indicate that iron in the nanoparticles is in the +3 oxidation state. Analysis of cytotoxicity using the resazurin assay on HepG2 liver cells indicates that the particles have minimal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani P. Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Tonya M. Atkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Elayaraja Muthuswamy
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Saeed Kamali
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Chuqiao Tu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Angelique Y. Louie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Susan M. Kauzlarich
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616
- To whom correspondence should be addressed.Tel: 530-752-4756; Fax: 530-752-8995.
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26
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Tan D, Xu B, Chen P, Dai Y, Zhou S, Ma G, Qiu J. One-pot synthesis of luminescent hydrophilic silicon nanocrystals. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra21044d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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27
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Atkins TM, Thibert A, Larsen DS, Dey S, Browning ND, Kauzlarich SM. Femtosecond ligand/core dynamics of microwave-assisted synthesized silicon quantum dots in aqueous solution. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:20664-7. [PMID: 22103236 DOI: 10.1021/ja207344u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A microwave-assisted reaction has been developed to produce hydrogen-terminated silicon quantum dots (QDs). The Si QDs were passivated for water solubility via two different methods: hydrosilylation produced 3-aminopropenyl-terminated Si QDs, and a modified Stöber process produced silica-encapsulated Si QDs. Both methods produce water-soluble QDs with maximum emission at 414 nm, and after purification, the QDs exhibit intrinsic fluorescence quantum yield efficiencies of 15 and 23%, respectively. Even though the QDs have different surfaces, they exhibit nearly identical absorption and fluorescence spectra. Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy was used for temporal resolution of the photoexcited carrier dynamics between the QDs and ligand. The transient dynamics of the 3-aminopropenyl-terminated Si QDs is interpreted as a formation and decay of a charge-transfer (CT) excited state between the delocalized π electrons of the carbon linker and the Si core excitons. This CT state is stable for ~4 ns before reverting back to a more stable, long-living species. The silica-encapsulated Si QDs show a simpler spectrum without CT dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonya M Atkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
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