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Cankařová N, Krchňák V. Regioselective Cyclic Iminium Formation of Ugi Advanced Intermediates: Rapid Access to 3,4-Dihydropyrazin-2(1H)-ones and Other Diverse Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073062. [PMID: 37049824 PMCID: PMC10095709 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, advanced intermediates were synthesized through Ugi four-component reactions of isocyanides, aldehydes, masked amino aldehyde, and carboxylic acids, including N-protected amino acids. The presence of a masked aldehyde enabled acid-mediated deprotection and subsequent cyclization via the carbonyl carbon and the amide nitrogen. Utilizing N-protected amino acid as a carboxylic acid component, Ugi intermediates could be cyclized from two possible directions to target 3,4-dihydropyrazin-2(1H)-ones. Cyclization to the amino terminus (westbound) and to the carboxyl terminus (eastbound) was demonstrated. Deliberate selection of building blocks drove the reaction regioselectively and yielded diverse heterocycles containing a 3,4-dihydropyrazin-2(1H)-one core, pyrazin-2(1H)-one, and piperazin-2-one, as well as a tricyclic framework with a 3D architecture, 2,3-dihydro-2,6-methanobenzo[h][1,3,6]triazonine-4,7(1H,5H)-dione, from Ugi adducts under mild reaction conditions. The latter bridged heterocycle was achieved diastereoselectively. The reported chemistry represents diversity-oriented synthesis. One common Ugi advanced intermediate was, without isolation, rapidly transformed into various nitrogen-containing heterocycles.
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Schütznerová E, Přibylka A, Medran NS, Krchňák V. Greening Solid-Phase Organic Synthesis: Environmentally Conscious Synthesis of Pharmaceutically Relevant Privileged Structures 5,6-Dihydropyridin-2(1 H)-ones and Quinolin-2(1 H)-ones. J Org Chem 2020; 85:11867-11881. [PMID: 32841557 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Solid-phase organic synthesis (SPOS) is a very efficient methodology for the synthesis of diverse organic molecules, particularly exploited in drug discovery. Here, we present the transformation of the traditional SPOS to an eco-friendlier methodology on examples of pharmacologically relevant privileged structures 5,6-dihydropyridin-2(1H)-ones and quinolin-2(1H)-ones. The green approach is primarily based on the utilization of environmentally friendly solvent 2-MeTHF in all steps of the synthesis. Target heterocycles were synthesized by extending our previously published synthesis of five-membered tetramic acid analogues to six-membered cycles. The crucial step of the synthesis is cyclization via nonclassical Wittig olefination of resin-bound esters. Traditional and green protocols provided comparable results with respect to purity and yield of products, thus opening the way for greener access to a variety of diverse heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Schütznerová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Přibylka
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Noelia S Medran
- Instituto de Quı́mica Rosario-IQUIR (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquı́micas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, Rosario S2002LRK, Argentina
| | - Viktor Krchňák
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 251 Nieuwland Science Center, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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Herbert AJ, Shepherd SA, Cronin VA, Bennett MR, Sung R, Micklefield J. Engineering Orthogonal Methyltransferases to Create Alternative Bioalkylation Pathways. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:14950-14956. [PMID: 32402113 PMCID: PMC7496830 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM)-dependent methyltransferases (MTs) catalyse the methylation of a vast array of small metabolites and biomacromolecules. Recently, rare carboxymethylation pathways have been discovered, including carboxymethyltransferase enzymes that utilise a carboxy-SAM (cxSAM) cofactor generated from SAM by a cxSAM synthase (CmoA). We show how MT enzymes can utilise cxSAM to catalyse carboxymethylation of tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ) and catechol substrates. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to create orthogonal MTs possessing improved catalytic activity and selectivity for cxSAM, with subsequent coupling to CmoA resulting in more efficient and selective carboxymethylation. An enzymatic approach was also developed to generate a previously undescribed co-factor, carboxy-S-adenosyl-l-ethionine (cxSAE), thereby enabling the stereoselective transfer of a chiral 1-carboxyethyl group to the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail J. Herbert
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyThe University of Manchester131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
| | - Sarah A. Shepherd
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyThe University of Manchester131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
| | - Victoria A. Cronin
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyThe University of Manchester131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
| | - Matthew R. Bennett
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyThe University of Manchester131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
| | - Rehana Sung
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyThe University of Manchester131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
| | - Jason Micklefield
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyThe University of Manchester131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK
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Herbert AJ, Shepherd SA, Cronin VA, Bennett MR, Sung R, Micklefield J. Engineering Orthogonal Methyltransferases to Create Alternative Bioalkylation Pathways. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abigail J. Herbert
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology The University of Manchester 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - Sarah A. Shepherd
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology The University of Manchester 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - Victoria A. Cronin
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology The University of Manchester 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - Matthew R. Bennett
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology The University of Manchester 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - Rehana Sung
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology The University of Manchester 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - Jason Micklefield
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology The University of Manchester 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
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Abstract
In this Review, we consider all the publications since the beginning of the century that describe tandem reactions resulting in the formation of five-membered aromatic nitrogen heterocycles (thiazole, imidazole, indole, tetrazole, triazole, and isoxazole). The contents of this review are organized by taxonomy and type of tandem catalysis. It covers orthogonal, auto-, and assisted tandem catalysis, providing an overview of tandem reactions applied tonitrogen heterocycles reported in the literature up to March 2020. We believe that this compilation of data will provide a necessary starting reference to developthe applications of tandem catalysis in medicinal chemistry.
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Tripathi S, Ambule MD, Srivastava AK. Construction of Highly Functionalized Piperazinones via Post-Ugi Cyclization and Diastereoselective Nucleophilic Addition. J Org Chem 2020; 85:6910-6923. [PMID: 32352769 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel method for the generation of uniquely functionalized piperazinones by utilizing post-Ugi functionalization is described. The method involves an Ugi reaction with aminoacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal, followed by acid-mediated cyclization to generate the iminium precursor that was subjected to nucleophilic addition in a diastereoselective manner. The method was also employed to synthesize trans-dragmacidine C and praziquantel-like molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Tripathi
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow 226031, India.,Chemical Sciences Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Mayur D Ambule
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow 226031, India.,Chemical Sciences Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Srivastava
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow 226031, India.,Chemical Sciences Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110025, India
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Okorochenkov S, Krchňák V. Application of Glaser-Hay Diyne Coupling To Constrain N α-Amino Acid Amides via a N-N Bridge. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2019; 21:316-322. [PMID: 30673274 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.8b00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We present the application of a Glaser-Hay diyne coupling for the synthesis of conformationally constrained Nα-amino acid amides with different diyne ring sizes. Twelve-membered rings were the smallest rings that could be prepared by this approach. We observed the formation of triethylammonium adducts in the cases of smaller (10- and 11-membered) rings. Calculation of the conformational barriers for the cyclization reactions of various ring sizes demonstrated that the formation of amino acid-derived smaller rings by this reaction is thermodynamically unfavorable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergii Okorochenkov
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Krchňák
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 251 Nieuwland Science Center, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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Schütznerová E, Oliver AG, Slough GA, Krchňák V. Traceless Solid-Phase Synthesis of Fused Chiral Macrocycles via Conformational Constraint-Assisted Cyclic Iminium Formation. Chemistry 2017; 23:12876-12885. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Schütznerová
- Institute of Molecular and Translation Medicine; Hněvotínská 5 Olomouc 779 00 Czech Republic
| | - Allen G. Oliver
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Notre Dame; Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
| | - Greg A. Slough
- Chemistry Department; Kalamazoo College; 1200 Academy St. Kalamazoo MI 49006 USA
| | - Viktor Krchňák
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Palacký University; 17. listopadu 12 771 46 Olomouc Czech Republic
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Notre Dame; Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
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Schütznerová E, Verdía P, Krchňák V. Fused Ring Molecular Scaffold with 3D Architecture for Constrained Peptidomimetics: Polymer-Supported Stereoselective Synthesis of Tetrahydrobenzo[e]pyrazino[2,1-c][1,2,4]thiadiazinone 6,6-dioxide via N-Acyl Iminiums. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2016; 18:655-659. [PMID: 27623208 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.6b00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
3,4,4a,5-Tetrahydrobenzo[e]pyrazino[2,1-c][1,2,4]thiadiazin-1(2H)-one 6,6-dioxides, molecular scaffolds with 3D architecture, were synthesized on solid supports via tandem N-acyl iminium ion cyclization followed by nucleophilic addition. The modular synthesis proceeded under mild conditions using commercially available building blocks and provided crude products with respectable purity. The synthesized compounds are applicable as fused nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds in drug discovery and as constrained peptidomimetics incorporated into a peptide backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Schütznerová
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine,
Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pedro Verdía
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine,
Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Krchňák
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine,
Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 251 Nieuwland Science Center, University of Notre Dame, Notre
Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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Fülöpová V, Soural M. Mining the Chemical Space: Application of 2/4-Nitrobenzenesulfonamides in Solid-Phase Synthesis. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2015; 17:570-91. [PMID: 26325251 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.5b00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Polymer-supported benzenesulfonamides prepared from various immobilized primary amines and 2/4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride have been used as key intermediates in different chemical transformations, including unusual rearrangements to yield a number of diverse privileged scaffolds. This review summarizes individual strategies in their application to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Fülöpová
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17 listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Soural
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17 listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Ventosa-Andrés P, Barea Ripoll CA, La-Venia A, Krchňák V. Solid-phase synthesis of fused 1,4-diazepanone peptidomimetics via tandem N-iminium ion cyclization–nucleophilic addition. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Ventosa-Andrés P, La-Venia A, Ripoll CAB, Hradilová L, Krchňák V. Synthesis of Nature-Inspired Medium-Sized Fused Heterocycles from Amino Acids. Chemistry 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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13
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La-Venia A, Ventosa-Andrés P, Hradilová L, Krchňák V. From Amino Acids to Nature-Inspired Molecular Scaffolds: Incorporation of Medium-Sized Bridged Heterocycles into a Peptide Backbone. J Org Chem 2014; 79:10378-89. [DOI: 10.1021/jo501983j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Agustina La-Venia
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Institute of Molecular and
Translational Medicine, Palacky University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pilar Ventosa-Andrés
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Institute of Molecular and
Translational Medicine, Palacky University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Hradilová
- Farmak, Na vlčinci
16/3, Klášterní Hradisko, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Krchňák
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Institute of Molecular and
Translational Medicine, Palacky University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland
Science Center, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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