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Niman CM, Sukenik N, Dang T, Nwachukwu J, Thirumurthy MA, Jones AK, Naaman R, Santra K, Das TK, Paltiel Y, Baczewski LT, El-Naggar MY. Bacterial extracellular electron transfer components are spin selective. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:145101. [PMID: 37811828 DOI: 10.1063/5.0154211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal-reducing bacteria have adapted the ability to respire extracellular solid surfaces instead of soluble oxidants. This process requires an electron transport pathway that spans from the inner membrane, across the periplasm, through the outer membrane, and to an external surface. Multiheme cytochromes are the primary machinery for moving electrons through this pathway. Recent studies show that the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect is observable in some of these proteins extracted from the model metal-reducing bacteria, Shewanella oneidensis MR-1. It was hypothesized that the CISS effect facilitates efficient electron transport in these proteins by coupling electron velocity to spin, thus reducing the probability of backscattering. However, these studies focused exclusively on the cell surface electron conduits, and thus, CISS has not been investigated in upstream electron transfer components such as the membrane-associated MtrA, or periplasmic proteins such as small tetraheme cytochrome (STC). By using conductive probe atomic force microscopy measurements of protein monolayers adsorbed onto ferromagnetic substrates, we show that electron transport is spin selective in both MtrA and STC. Moreover, we have determined the spin polarization of MtrA to be ∼77% and STC to be ∼35%. This disparity in spin polarizations could indicate that spin selectivity is length dependent in heme proteins, given that MtrA is approximately two times longer than STC. Most significantly, our study indicates that spin-dependent interactions affect the entire extracellular electron transport pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Niman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Nir Sukenik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Tram Dang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 91030, USA
| | - Justus Nwachukwu
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - Miyuki A Thirumurthy
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - Anne K Jones
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Kakali Santra
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Tapan K Das
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Institute of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | | | - Mohamed Y El-Naggar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 91030, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
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2
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Low-Energy Electron Generation for Biomolecular Damage Inquiry: Instrumentation and Methods. BIOPHYSICA 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/biophysica2040041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Technological advancement has produced a variety of instruments and methods to generate electron beams that have greatly assisted in the extensive theoretical and experimental efforts devoted to investigating the effect of secondary electrons with energies approximately less than 100 eV, which are referred as low-energy electrons (LEEs). In the past two decades, LEE studies have focused on biomolecular systems, which mainly consist of DNA and proteins and their constituents as primary cellular targets of ionizing radiation. These studies have revealed that compared to other reactive species produced by high-energy radiation, LEEs have distinctive pathways and considerable efficiency in inducing lethal DNA lesions. The present work aims to briefly discuss the current state of LEE production technology and to motivate further studies and improvements of LEE generation techniques in relation to biological electron-driven processes associated with such medical applications as radiation therapy and cancer treatment.
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Liu C, Zheng Y, Sanche L. Damage Induced to DNA and Its Constituents by 0-3 eV UV Photoelectrons †. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 98:546-563. [PMID: 34767635 DOI: 10.1111/php.13559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The complex physical and chemical interactions between DNA and 0-3 eV electrons released by UV photoionization can lead to the formation of various lesions such as base modifications and cleavage, crosslinks and single strand breaks. Furthermore, in the presence of platinum chemotherapeutic agents, these electrons can cause clustered lesions, including double strand breaks. We explain the mechanisms responsible for these damages via the production 0-3 eV electrons by UVC radiation, and by UV photons of any wavelengths, when they are produced by photoemission from nanoparticles lying within about 10 nm from DNA. We review experimental evidence showing that a single 0-3 eV electron can produce these damages. The foreseen benefits UV-irradiation of nanoparticles targeted to the cell nucleus are mentioned in the context of cancer therapy, as well as the potential hazards to human health when they are present in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaochao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Léon Sanche
- Département de Médecine Nucléaire et Radiobiologie et Centre de Recherche Clinique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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Cardona-Serra S, Rosaleny LE, Giménez-Santamarina S, Martínez-Gil L, Gaita-Ariño A. Towards peptide-based tunable multistate memristive materials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:1802-1810. [PMID: 33434247 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05236a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Development of new memristive hardware is a technological requirement towards widespread neuromorphic computing. Molecular spintronics seems to be a fertile field for the design and preparation of this hardware. Within molecular spintronics, recent results on metallopeptides demonstrating the interaction between paramagnetic ions and the chirality induced spin selectivity effect hold particular promise for developing fast (ns-μs) operation times. [R. Torres-Cavanillas et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2020, DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07531]. Among the challenges in the field, a major highlight is the difficulty in modelling the spin dynamics in these complex systems, but at the same time the use of inexpensive methods has already allowed progress in that direction. Finally, we discuss the unique potential of biomolecules for the design of multistate memristors with a controlled- and indeed, programmable-nanostructure, allowing going beyond anything that is conceivable by employing conventional coordination chemistry.
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Dong Y, Liao H, Gao Y, Cloutier P, Zheng Y, Sanche L. Early Events in Radiobiology: Isolated and Cluster DNA Damage Induced by Initial Cations and Nonionizing Secondary Electrons. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:717-723. [PMID: 33400538 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Radiobiological damage is principally triggered by an initial cation and a secondary electron (SE). We address the fundamental questions: What lesions are first produced in DNA by this cation or nonionizing SE? What are their relative contributions to isolated and potentially lethal cluster lesions? Five monolayer films of dry plasmid DNA deposited on graphite or tantalum substrates are bombarded by 0.1-100 eV electrons in a vacuum. From measurements of the current transmitted through the films, 3.5 and 4.5 cations per incident 60 and 100 eV electrons, respectively, are estimated to be produced and stabilized within DNA. Damage analysis at 6, 10, 20, 30, 60, and 100 eV indicates that essentially all lesions, but preferentially cluster damages, are produced by non-ionizing or weakly ionizing electrons of energies below 12 eV. Most of these lesions are induced within femtosecond times, via transient anions and electron transfer within DNA, with little contributions from the numerous cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
| | - Hong Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
| | - Yingxia Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
| | - Pierre Cloutier
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology and Clinical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada J1H 5N4
| | - Yi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
| | - Léon Sanche
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology and Clinical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada J1H 5N4
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Torres-Cavanillas R, Escorcia-Ariza G, Brotons-Alcázar I, Sanchis-Gual R, Mondal PC, Rosaleny LE, Giménez-Santamarina S, Sessolo M, Galbiati M, Tatay S, Gaita-Ariño A, Forment-Aliaga A, Cardona-Serra S. Reinforced Room-Temperature Spin Filtering in Chiral Paramagnetic Metallopeptides. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:17572-17580. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Torres-Cavanillas
- ICMol, Universitat de València, C/Catedrático José Beltrán no. 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain
| | - Garin Escorcia-Ariza
- ICMol, Universitat de València, C/Catedrático José Beltrán no. 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain
| | - Isaac Brotons-Alcázar
- ICMol, Universitat de València, C/Catedrático José Beltrán no. 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain
| | - Roger Sanchis-Gual
- ICMol, Universitat de València, C/Catedrático José Beltrán no. 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain
| | - Prakash Chandra Mondal
- ICMol, Universitat de València, C/Catedrático José Beltrán no. 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain
| | - Lorena E. Rosaleny
- ICMol, Universitat de València, C/Catedrático José Beltrán no. 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain
| | | | - Michele Sessolo
- ICMol, Universitat de València, C/Catedrático José Beltrán no. 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain
| | - Marta Galbiati
- ICMol, Universitat de València, C/Catedrático José Beltrán no. 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain
| | - Sergio Tatay
- ICMol, Universitat de València, C/Catedrático José Beltrán no. 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain
| | - Alejandro Gaita-Ariño
- ICMol, Universitat de València, C/Catedrático José Beltrán no. 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain
| | - Alicia Forment-Aliaga
- ICMol, Universitat de València, C/Catedrático José Beltrán no. 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain
| | - Salvador Cardona-Serra
- ICMol, Universitat de València, C/Catedrático José Beltrán no. 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain
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Abstract
Intriguing properties of photoemission from free, unsupported particles and droplets were predicted nearly 50 years ago, though experiments were a technical challenge. The last few decades have seen a surge of research in the field, due to advances in aerosol technology (generation, characterization, and transfer into vacuum), the development of photoelectron imaging spectrometers, and advances in vacuum ultraviolet and ultrafast light sources. Particles and droplets offer several advantages for photoemission studies. For example, photoemission spectra are dependent on the particle's size, shape, and composition, providing a wealth of information that allows for the retrieval of genuine electronic properties of condensed phase. In this review, with a focus on submicrometer-sized, dielectric particles and droplets, we explain the utility of photoemission from such systems, summarize several applications from the literature, and present some thoughts on future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loren Ban
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland;
| | - Bruce L Yoder
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland;
| | - Ruth Signorell
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland;
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9
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Bespalov I, Zhang Y, Haitjema J, Tromp RM, van der Molen SJ, Brouwer AM, Jobst J, Castellanos S. Key Role of Very Low Energy Electrons in Tin-Based Molecular Resists for Extreme Ultraviolet Nanolithography. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:9881-9889. [PMID: 32019303 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b19004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography (13.5 nm) is the newest technology that allows high-throughput fabrication of electronic circuitry in the sub-20 nm scale. It is commonly assumed that low-energy electrons (LEEs) generated in the resist materials by EUV photons are mostly responsible for the solubility switch that leads to nanopattern formation. Yet, reliable quantitative information on this electron-induced process is scarce. In this work, we combine LEE microscopy (LEEM), electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) to study changes induced by electrons in the 0-40 eV range in thin films of a state-of-the-art molecular organometallic EUV resist known as tin-oxo cage. LEEM-EELS uniquely allows to correct for surface charging and thus to accurately determine the electron landing energy. AFM postexposure analyses revealed that irradiation of the resist with LEEs leads to the densification of the resist layer because of carbon loss. Remarkably, electrons with energies as low as 1.2 eV can induce chemical reactions in the Sn-based resist. Electrons with higher energies are expected to cause electronic excitation or ionization, opening up more pathways to enhanced conversion. However, we do not observe a substantial increase of chemical conversion (densification) with the electron energy increase in the 2-40 eV range. Based on the dose-dependent thickness profiles, a simplified reaction model is proposed where the resist undergoes sequential chemical reactions, first yielding a sparsely cross-linked network and then a more densely cross-linked network. This model allows us to estimate a maximum reaction volume on the initial material of 0.15 nm3 per incident electron in the energy range studied, which means that about 10 LEEs per molecule on average are needed to turn the material insoluble and thus render a pattern. Our observations are consistent with the observed EUV sensitivity of tin-oxo cages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Bespalov
- Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography , Science Park 104 , 1098XG Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Yu Zhang
- Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography , Science Park 104 , 1098XG Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Jarich Haitjema
- Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography , Science Park 104 , 1098XG Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Rudolf M Tromp
- Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory , Leiden University , Niels Bohrweg 2 , 2333 CA Leiden , The Netherlands
- IBM T. J. Watson Research Center , 1101 Kitchawan Road , P.O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights , 10598 New York , United States
| | - Sense Jan van der Molen
- Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory , Leiden University , Niels Bohrweg 2 , 2333 CA Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - Albert M Brouwer
- Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography , Science Park 104 , 1098XG Amsterdam , The Netherlands
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences , University of Amsterdam , P.O. Box 94157, 1090 GD Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Johannes Jobst
- Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory , Leiden University , Niels Bohrweg 2 , 2333 CA Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - Sonia Castellanos
- Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography , Science Park 104 , 1098XG Amsterdam , The Netherlands
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10
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Ban L, Gartmann TE, Yoder BL, Signorell R. Low-Energy Electron Escape from Liquid Interfaces: Charge and Quantum Effects. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:013402. [PMID: 31976689 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.013402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The high surface sensitivity and controlled surface charge state of submicron sized droplets is exploited to study low-energy electron transport through liquid interfaces using photoelectron imaging. Already a few charges on a droplet are found to modify the photoelectron images significantly. For narrow escape barriers, the comparison with an electron scattering model reveals pronounced quantum effects in the form of above-barrier reflections at electron kinetic energies below about 1 eV. The observed susceptibility to the characteristics of the electron escape barrier might provide access to these properties for liquid interfaces, which are generally difficult to investigate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loren Ban
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas E Gartmann
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Bruce L Yoder
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - R Signorell
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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11
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Kostko O, Jacobs MI, Xu B, Wilson KR, Ahmed M. Velocity map imaging of inelastic and elastic low energy electron scattering in organic nanoparticles. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:184702. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5126343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- O. Kostko
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M. I. Jacobs
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B. Xu
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K. R. Wilson
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M. Ahmed
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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12
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Geelen D, Jobst J, Krasovskii EE, van der Molen SJ, Tromp RM. Nonuniversal Transverse Electron Mean Free Path through Few-layer Graphene. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:086802. [PMID: 31491219 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.086802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to the in-plane transport electron mean-free path in graphene, the transverse mean-free path has received little attention and is often assumed to follow the "universal" mean-free path (MFP) curve broadly adopted in surface and interface science. Here we directly measure transverse electron scattering through graphene from 0 to 25 eV above the vacuum level both in reflection using low energy electron microscopy and in transmission using electronvolt transmission electron microscopy. From these data, we obtain quantitative MFPs for both elastic and inelastic scattering. Even at the lowest energies, the total MFP is just a few graphene layers and the elastic MFP oscillates with graphene layer number, both refuting the universal curve. A full theoretical calculation taking the graphene band structure into consideration agrees well with experiment, while the key experimental results are reproduced even by a simple optical toy model.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Geelen
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratorium, Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, P.O. Box 9504, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands
| | - J Jobst
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratorium, Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, P.O. Box 9504, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands
| | - E E Krasovskii
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad del Pais Vasco UPV/EHU, 20080 San Sebastián/Donostia, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, E-48013 Bilbao, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), E-20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - S J van der Molen
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratorium, Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, P.O. Box 9504, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands
| | - R M Tromp
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratorium, Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, P.O. Box 9504, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands
- IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, 1101 Kitchawan Road, P.O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, New York, New York 10598, USA
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13
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McKee AD, Schaible MJ, Rosenberg RA, Kundu S, Orlando TM. Low energy secondary electron induced damage of condensed nucleotides. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:204709. [PMID: 31153208 DOI: 10.1063/1.5090491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation damage and stimulated desorption of nucleotides 2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-monophosphate (dAMP), adenosine 5'-monophosphate (rAMP), 2'-deoxycytidine 5'-monophosphate (dCMP), and cytidine 5'-monophosphate (rCMP) deposited on Au have been measured using x-rays as both the probe and source of low energy secondary electrons. The fluence dependent behavior of the O-1s, C-1s, and N-1s photoelectron transitions was analyzed to obtain phosphate, sugar, and nucleobase damage cross sections. Although x-ray induced reactions in nucleotides involve both direct ionization and excitation, the observed bonding changes were likely dominated by the inelastic energy-loss channels associated with secondary electron capture and transient negative ion decay. Growth of the integrated peak area for the O-1s component at 531.3 eV, corresponding to cleavage of the C-O-P phosphodiester bond, yielded effective damage cross sections of about 23 Mb and 32 Mb (1 Mb = 10-18 cm2) for AMP and CMP molecules, respectively. The cross sections for sugar damage, as determined from the decay of the C-1s component at 286.4 eV and the glycosidic carbon at 289.0 eV, were slightly lower (about 20 Mb) and statistically similar for the r- and d- forms of the nucleotides. The C-1s component at 287.6 eV, corresponding to carbons in the nucleobase ring, showed a small initial increase and then decayed slowly, yielding a low damage cross section (∼5 Mb). Although there is no statistical difference between the sugar forms, changing the nucleobase from adenine to cytidine has a slight effect on the damage cross section, possibly due to differing electron capture and transfer probabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D McKee
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - M J Schaible
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - R A Rosenberg
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S Kundu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - T M Orlando
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
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14
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Pshenichnyuk SA, Modelli A, Komolov AS. Interconnections between dissociative electron attachment and electron-driven biological processes. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2018.1461347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav A. Pshenichnyuk
- Institute of Molecule and Crystal Physics – Subdivision of the Ufa Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | - Alberto Modelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica ‘G. Ciamician’, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca in Scienze Ambientali, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Alexei S. Komolov
- Department of Solid State Electronics, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
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15
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Amanatidis S, Yoder BL, Signorell R. Low-energy photoelectron transmission through aerosol overlayers. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:224204. [PMID: 29166077 PMCID: PMC5469680 DOI: 10.1063/1.4983995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The transmission of low-energy (<1.8 eV) photoelectrons through the shell of core-shell aerosol particles is studied for liquid squalane, squalene, and di-ethyl-hexyl-sebacate shells. The photoelectrons are exclusively formed in the core of the particles by two-photon ionization. The total photoelectron yield recorded as a function of shell thicknesses (1-80 nm) shows a bi-exponential attenuation. For all substances, the damping parameter for shell thicknesses below 15 nm lies around 8 to 9 nm and is tentatively assigned to the electron attenuation length at electron kinetic energies of ≲1 eV. The significantly larger damping parameters for thick shells (>20 nm) are presumably a consequence of distorted core-shell structures. A first comparison of aerosol and traditional thin film overlayer methods is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavros Amanatidis
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Bruce L Yoder
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ruth Signorell
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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16
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Jacobs MI, Kostko O, Ahmed M, Wilson KR. Low energy electron attenuation lengths in core–shell nanoparticles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:13372-13378. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp00663b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A velocity map imaging spectrometer is used to measure photoemission from free core–shell nanoparticles, where a salt core is coated with a liquid hydrocarbon shell (i.e. squalane).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael I. Jacobs
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
- Berkeley
- USA
- Chemical Sciences Division
| | - Oleg Kostko
- Chemical Sciences Division
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley
- USA
| | - Musahid Ahmed
- Chemical Sciences Division
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley
- USA
| | - Kevin R. Wilson
- Chemical Sciences Division
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley
- USA
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17
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Black PJ, Miller AS, Hayes JJ. Radioresistance of GGG sequences to prompt strand break formation from direct-type radiation damage. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2016; 55:411-422. [PMID: 27349757 PMCID: PMC5093048 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-016-0660-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
As humans, we are constantly exposed to ionizing radiation from natural, man-made and cosmic sources which can damage DNA, leading to deleterious effects including cancer incidence. In this work, we introduce a method to monitor strand breaks resulting from damage due to the direct effect of ionizing radiation and provide evidence for sequence-dependent effects leading to strand breaks. To analyze only DNA strand breaks caused by radiation damage due to the direct effect of ionizing radiation, we combined an established technique to generate dehydrated DNA samples with a technique to analyze single-strand breaks on short oligonucleotide sequences via denaturing gel electrophoresis. We find that direct damage primarily results in a reduced number of strand breaks in guanine triplet regions (GGG) when compared to isolated guanine (G) bases with identical flanking base context. In addition, we observe strand break behavior possibly indicative of protection of guanine bases when flanked by pyrimidines and sensitization of guanine to strand break when flanked by adenine (A) bases in both isolated G and GGG cases. These observations provide insight into the strand break behavior in GGG regions damaged via the direct effect of ionizing radiation. In addition, this could be indicative of DNA sequences that are naturally more susceptible to strand break due to the direct effect of ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Black
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Adam S Miller
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
| | - Jeffrey J Hayes
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
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18
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Geelen D, Thete A, Schaff O, Kaiser A, van der Molen SJ, Tromp R. eV-TEM: Transmission electron microscopy in a low energy cathode lens instrument. Ultramicroscopy 2015; 159 Pt 3:482-7. [PMID: 26165485 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2015.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We are developing a transmission electron microscope that operates at extremely low electron energies, 0-40 eV. We call this technique eV-TEM. Its feasibility is based on the fact that at very low electron energies the number of energy loss pathways decreases. Hence, the electron inelastic mean free path increases dramatically. eV-TEM will enable us to study elastic and inelastic interactions of electrons with thin samples. With the recent development of aberration correction in cathode lens instruments, a spatial resolution of a few nm appears within range, even for these very low electron energies. Such resolution will be highly relevant to study biological samples such as proteins and cell membranes. The low electron energies minimize adverse effects due to radiation damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniël Geelen
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Aniket Thete
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Sense Jan van der Molen
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rudolf Tromp
- IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 1101 Kitchawan Road, P.O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
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19
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Rosenberg RA, Mishra D, Naaman R. Chiral Selective Chemistry Induced by Natural Selection of Spin-Polarized Electrons. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:7295-8. [PMID: 25950284 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201501678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The search to understand the origin of homochirality in nature has been ongoing since the time of Pasteur. Previous work has shown that DNA can act as a spin filter for low-energy electrons and that spin-polarized secondary electrons produced by X-ray irradiation of a magnetic substrate can induce chiral selective chemistry. In the present work it is demonstrated that secondary electrons from a substrate that are transmitted through a chiral overlayer cause enantiomeric selective chemistry in an adsorbed adlayer. We determine the quantum yields (QYs) for dissociation of (R)- or (S)-epichlorohydrin adsorbed on a chiral self-assembled layer of DNA on gold and on bare gold (for control). The results show that there is a significant difference in the QYs between the two enantiomers when adsorbed on DNA, but none when they are adsorbed on bare Au. We propose that the effect results from natural spin filtering effects cause by the chiral monolayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Rosenberg
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439 (USA).
| | - Debabrata Mishra
- Department of Chemical Physics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100 (Israel)
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical Physics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100 (Israel)
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20
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Rosenberg RA, Mishra D, Naaman R. Chiral Selective Chemistry Induced by Natural Selection of Spin-Polarized Electrons. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201501678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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21
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Regeta K, Bannwarth C, Grimme S, Allan M. Free electrons and ionic liquids: study of excited states by means of electron-energy loss spectroscopy and the density functional theory multireference configuration interaction method. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:15771-80. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp01417d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Collisions of slow electrons with ionic liquids and DFT/MRCI calculations reveal triplet states and interesting physics at low energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khrystyna Regeta
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Fribourg
- Fribourg
- Switzerland
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie
- Universität Bonn
- 53115 Bonn
- Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie
- Universität Bonn
- 53115 Bonn
- Germany
| | - Michael Allan
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Fribourg
- Fribourg
- Switzerland
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22
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Gu J, Xie Y, Schaefer HF. Benchmarking the Electron Affinity of Uracil. J Chem Theory Comput 2014; 10:609-12. [DOI: 10.1021/ct400958d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiande Gu
- Drug Design & Discovery Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, CAS, Shanghai 201203, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaoming Xie
- Center for Computational
Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2525, United States
| | - Henry F. Schaefer
- Center for Computational
Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2525, United States
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23
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Rosenberg RA, Symonds JM, Vijayalakshmi K, Mishra D, Orlando TM, Naaman R. The relationship between interfacial bonding and radiation damage in adsorbed DNA. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:15319-25. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp01649a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Illustration showing that secondary electrons have a higher damage probability for thiolated DNA as opposed to unthiolated DNA, due to the former's higher density of LUMO states, which leads to more efficient capture of the low energy electrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. A. Rosenberg
- Advanced Photon Source
- Argonne National Laboratory
- Argonne, USA
| | - J. M. Symonds
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and School of Physics
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta, USA
| | | | - Debabrata Mishra
- Department of Chemical Physics
- Weizmann Institute
- Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - T. M. Orlando
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and School of Physics
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta, USA
| | - R. Naaman
- Department of Chemical Physics
- Weizmann Institute
- Rehovot 76100, Israel
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24
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Rezaee M, Cloutier P, Bass AD, Michaud M, Hunting DJ, Sanche L. Absolute cross section for low-energy-electron damage to condensed macromolecules: a case study of DNA. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2012; 86:031913. [PMID: 23030950 PMCID: PMC3815646 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.86.031913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Revised: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Cross sections (CSs) for the interaction of low-energy electrons (LEE) with condensed macromolecules are essential parameters for accurate modeling of radiation-induced molecular decomposition and chemical synthesis. Electron irradiation of dry nanometer-scale macromolecular solid films has often been employed to measure CSs and other quantitative parameters for LEE interactions. Since such films have thicknesses comparable with electron thermalization distances, energy deposition varies throughout the film. Moreover, charge accumulation occurring inside the films shields a proportion of the macromolecules from electron irradiation. Such effects complicate the quantitative comparison of the CSs obtained in films of different thicknesses and limit the applicability of such measurements. Here, we develop a simple mathematical model, termed the molecular survival model, that employs a CS for a particular damage process together with an attenuation length related to the total CS, to investigate how a measured CS might be expected to vary with experimental conditions. As a case study, we measure the absolute CS for the formation of DNA strand breaks (SBs) by electron irradiation at 10 and 100 eV of lyophilized plasmid DNA films with thicknesses between 10 and 30 nm. The measurements are shown to depend strongly on the thickness and charging condition of the nanometer-scale films. Such behaviors are in accord with the model and support its validity. Via this analysis, the CS obtained for SB damage is nearly independent of film thickness and charging effects. In principle, this model can be adapted to provide absolute CSs for electron-induced damage or reactions occurring in other molecular solids across a wider range of experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rezaee
- Groupe en Sciences des Radiations, Départment de Médecine Nucléaire et Radiobiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1H 5N4.
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25
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Abstract
The chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect was recently established experimentally and theoretically. Here, we review some of the new findings and discuss applications that can result from special properties of this effect, like the reduction of the elastic backscattering in electron transfer through chiral molecules. The CISS effect opens the possibility of using chiral molecules in spintronics applications and for providing a deeper understanding of spin-selective processes in biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Naaman
- Department of Chemical Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - David H Waldeck
- Department of Chemical Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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26
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Kumar SVK, Pota T, Peri D, Dongre AD, Rao BJ. Low energy electron induced damage to plasmid DNA pQE30. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:045101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4737182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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27
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Alizadeh E, Sanche L. Precursors of solvated electrons in radiobiological physics and chemistry. Chem Rev 2012; 112:5578-602. [PMID: 22724633 DOI: 10.1021/cr300063r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Alizadeh
- Groupe en Sciences des Radiations, Département de Médecine Nucléaire et Radiobiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada
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28
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Gu J, Leszczynski J, Schaefer HF. Interactions of electrons with bare and hydrated biomolecules: from nucleic acid bases to DNA segments. Chem Rev 2012; 112:5603-40. [PMID: 22694487 DOI: 10.1021/cr3000219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiande Gu
- Drug Design & Discovery Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, CAS, PR China.
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29
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Kopyra J. Low energy electron attachment to the nucleotide deoxycytidine monophosphate: direct evidence for the molecular mechanisms of electron-induced DNA strand breaks. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:8287-9. [PMID: 22573242 DOI: 10.1039/c2cp40847c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reactions induced by the attachment of low energy electrons to an entire gas phase nucleotide (2'-deoxycytidine 5'-monophosphate) are reported for the first time. From the resonant attachment profiles information on the site of initial electron localization and from the observed ionic fragments information on final bond cleavage can be extracted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Kopyra
- Department of Chemistry, Siedlce University, 3 Maja 54, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland.
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30
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Horowitz Y, Asscher M. Low energy charged particles interacting with amorphous solid water layers. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:134701. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3697870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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31
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32
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Balog R, Cicman P, Field D, Feketeová L, Hoydalsvik K, Jones NC, Field TA, Ziesel JP. Transmission and Trapping of Cold Electrons in Water Ice. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:6820-4. [DOI: 10.1021/jp110475q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Balog
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Aarhus, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Peter Cicman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Aarhus, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - David Field
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Aarhus, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Linda Feketeová
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Aarhus, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Kristin Hoydalsvik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Aarhus, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Nykola C. Jones
- Institute for Storage Ring Facilities at Aarhus, University of Aarhus, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Thomas A. Field
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Pierre Ziesel
- Laboratoire Collisions Agrégats Réactivité-IRSAMC, Université Paul Sabatier and CNRS-UMR 5589, 31062 Toulouse Cedex, France
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33
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Markus TZ, Daube SS, Naaman R. Cooperative effect in the electronic properties of human telomere sequence. J Phys Chem B 2011; 114:13897-903. [PMID: 20942452 DOI: 10.1021/jp1064038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The contribution of sequence elements of human telomere DNA to the interaction of DNA with electrons has been analyzed. By applying wavelength dependent low-energy photoelectron transmission and two-photon photoemission spectroscopy, we investigated the density of states of DNA oligomers with partial sequence elements of the human telomere assembled as monolayers on gold. The findings demonstrate the role of the resonance states in the DNA in accepting electrons and the effect of the sequence on these states. When guanine (G) bases are clustered together, the resonance negative ion state is stabilized, as compared to oligomers containing the same number of G bases but distributed within the sequence. The electron-capturing probability of the human telomere-like oligomer, a sequence with an additional single adenine (A) base adjacent to the G cluster, is dramatically enhanced compared to the other oligomers studied, most likely due to the enhancement of the density of states near the highest occupied molecular orbital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Z Markus
- Department of Chemical Physics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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34
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Solomun T, Seitz H, Sturm H. DNA damage by low-energy electron impact: dependence on guanine content. J Phys Chem B 2010; 113:11557-9. [PMID: 19645513 DOI: 10.1021/jp905263x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides (33-mers) containing different numbers of guanines (n=1-4) were tethered to a gold surface and exposed to 1 eV electrons. The electrons induced DNA damage, which was analyzed with fluorescence and infrared spectroscopy methods. The damage was identified as strand breaks and found to correlate linearly with the number of guanines in the sequence. This sequence dependence indicates that the electron capture by the DNA bases plays an important role in the damage reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Solomun
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Free University Berlin, Takustrasse 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
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35
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Ben-Moshe V, Beratan DN, Nitzan A, Skourtis SS. Chiral Control of Current Transfer in Molecules. ELECTRONIC AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF CHIRAL MOLECULES AND SUPRAMOLECULAR ARCHITECTURES 2010; 298:259-78. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2010_101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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36
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Sherratt PAJ, Cohen H, Seideman T. The information content of electron flow through adsorbed molecular monolayers. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:234701. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3273452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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37
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Sanche L. Role of secondary low energy electrons in radiobiology and chemoradiation therapy of cancer. Chem Phys Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2009.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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38
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Markus TZ, Daube SS, Naaman R, Fleming AM, Muller JG, Burrows CJ. Electronic structure of DNA--unique properties of 8-oxoguanosine. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:89-95. [PMID: 19128174 DOI: 10.1021/ja804177j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
8-Oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine (8-oxoG) is among the most common forms of oxidative DNA damage found in human cells. The question of damage recognition by the repair machinery is a long standing one, and it is intriguing to suggest that the mechanism of efficiently locating damage within the entire genome might be related to modulations in the electronic properties of lesions compared to regular bases. Using laser-based methods combined with organizing various oligomers self-assembled monolayers on gold substrates, we show that indeed 8-oxoG has special electronic properties. By using oligomers containing 8-oxoG and guanine bases which were inserted in an all thymine sequences, we were able to determine the energy of the HOMO and LUMO states and the relative density of electronic states below the vacuum level. Specifically, it was found that when 8-oxoG is placed in the oligomer, the HOMO state is at higher energy than in the other oligomers studied. In contrast, the weakly mutagenic 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroadenosine (8-oxoA) has little or no effect on the electronic properties of DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Z Markus
- Department of Chemical Physics, Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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39
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Wyer JA, Cederquist H, Haag N, Huber BA, Hvelplund P, Johansson HAB, Maisonny R, Brøndsted Nielsen S, Rangama J, Rousseau P, Schmidt HT. On the hydrogen loss from protonated nucleobases after electronic excitation or collisional electron capture. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2009; 15:681-688. [PMID: 19940334 DOI: 10.1255/ejms.1039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we have subjected protonated nucleobases MH(+) (M = guanine, adenine, thymine, uracil and cytosine) to a range of experiments that involve high-energy (50 keV) collision induced dissociation and electron capture induced dissociation. In the latter case, both neutralisation reionisation and charge reversal were done. For the collision induced dissociation experiments, the ions interacted with O(2). In neutral reionisation, caesium atoms were used as the target gas and the protonated nucleobases captured electrons to give neutrals. These were reionised to cations a microsecond later in collisions with O(2). In choosing Cs as the target gas, we have assured that the first electron transfer process is favourable (by about 0.1-0.8 eV depending on the base). In the case of protonated adenine, charge reversal experiments (two Cs collisions) were also carried out, with the results corroborating those from the neutralisation reionisation experiments. We find that while collisional excitation of protonated nucleobases in O(2) may lead to hydrogen loss with limited probabilities, this channel becomes dominant for electron capture events. Indeed, when sampling reionised neutrals on a microsecond timescale, we see that the ratio between MH(+) and M(+) is 0.2-0.4 when one electron is captured from Cs. There are differences in these ratios between the bases but no obvious correlation with recombination energies was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Ann Wyer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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40
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Kukhta AV, Kukhta IN, Zavilopulo AN, Agafonova AS, Shpenik OB. Ionization of 4,4'-bis(phenylethynyl) anthracene by electron impact. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2009; 15:563-570. [PMID: 19679936 DOI: 10.1255/ejms.1018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Ionization of a 4,4'-bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene (C(30)H(18), BPEA) molecule is studied for the first time at different energies of bombarding electrons in crossed electron and molecular beams. The relative cross-section of single ionization of a BPEA molecule in the energy range of 5-55 eV is measured. The ionization potential, E(I) = 7.62 +/- 0.2 eV, is determined using the threshold region of C(30)H(18)(+) ion yield energy dependence. A scheme of the BPEA molecule fragmentation is proposed. Experimental results are in reasonable accordance with calculations made in the framework of the density functional theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Kukhta
- B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Nezalezhnastsi Ave. 68, 220072 Minsk, Belarus.
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41
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Jensen ET, Sanche L. Electron transfer reactions for image and image-derived states in dielectric thin films. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:074703. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2969105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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42
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Vilar MR, Botelho do Rego AM, Ferraria AM, Jugnet Y, Noguès C, Peled D, Naaman R. Interaction of Self-Assembled Monolayers of DNA with Electrons: HREELS and XPS Studies. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:6957-64. [DOI: 10.1021/jp8008207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Rei Vilar
- ITODYS-CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, F-75005 Paris, France, CQFM, IST, Technical University of Lisbon, P-1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal, IRCELYON-CNRS, 2, avenue A. Einstein F-69626 Villeurbanne cedex, France, and Department of Chemical Physics, The Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ana M. Botelho do Rego
- ITODYS-CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, F-75005 Paris, France, CQFM, IST, Technical University of Lisbon, P-1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal, IRCELYON-CNRS, 2, avenue A. Einstein F-69626 Villeurbanne cedex, France, and Department of Chemical Physics, The Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ana M. Ferraria
- ITODYS-CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, F-75005 Paris, France, CQFM, IST, Technical University of Lisbon, P-1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal, IRCELYON-CNRS, 2, avenue A. Einstein F-69626 Villeurbanne cedex, France, and Department of Chemical Physics, The Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yvette Jugnet
- ITODYS-CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, F-75005 Paris, France, CQFM, IST, Technical University of Lisbon, P-1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal, IRCELYON-CNRS, 2, avenue A. Einstein F-69626 Villeurbanne cedex, France, and Department of Chemical Physics, The Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Claude Noguès
- ITODYS-CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, F-75005 Paris, France, CQFM, IST, Technical University of Lisbon, P-1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal, IRCELYON-CNRS, 2, avenue A. Einstein F-69626 Villeurbanne cedex, France, and Department of Chemical Physics, The Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Dana Peled
- ITODYS-CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, F-75005 Paris, France, CQFM, IST, Technical University of Lisbon, P-1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal, IRCELYON-CNRS, 2, avenue A. Einstein F-69626 Villeurbanne cedex, France, and Department of Chemical Physics, The Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ron Naaman
- ITODYS-CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, F-75005 Paris, France, CQFM, IST, Technical University of Lisbon, P-1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal, IRCELYON-CNRS, 2, avenue A. Einstein F-69626 Villeurbanne cedex, France, and Department of Chemical Physics, The Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Stokes ST, Grubisic A, Li X, Ko YJ, Bowen KH. Photoelectron spectroscopy of the parent anions of the nucleotides, adenosine-5'-monophosphate and 2'deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:044314. [PMID: 18247956 DOI: 10.1063/1.2823001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The parent anions of the nucleotides, adenosine-5(')-monophosphate (AMPH) and 2(')deoxyadenosine-5(')-monophosphate (dAMPH) were generated in a novel source and their photoelectron spectra recorded with 3.49 eV photons. Vertical detachment energy (VDE) and the adiabatic electron affinity (EA(a)) values were extracted from each of the two spectra. Concurrently, Kobylecka et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 128, 044315 (2008)] conducted calculations which explored electron attachment to dAMPH. Based on the agreement between their calculated and our measured VDE and EA(a) values, we conclude that the dAMPH(-) anions studied in these experiments were formed by electron-induced, intramolecular, (barrier-free) proton-transfer as predicted by the calculations. Given the similarities between the photoelectron spectra of dAMPH(-) and AMPH(-), it is likely that AMPH(-) can be described in the same manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah T Stokes
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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Kumar A, Sevilla MD, Suhai S. Microhydration of the guanine-cytosine (GC) base pair in the neutral and anionic radical states: a density functional study. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:5189-98. [PMID: 18380501 DOI: 10.1021/jp710957p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A density functional study of the effects of microhydration on the guanine-cytosine (GC) base pair and its anion radical is presented. Geometries of the GC base pair in the presence of 6 and 11 water molecules were fully optimized in the neutral (GC-nH2O) and anion radical [(GC-nH2O)*-] (n = 6 and 11) states using the B3LYP method and the 6-31+G** basis set. Further, vibrational frequency analysis at the same level of theory (B3LYP/6-31+G**) was also performed to ensure the existence of local minima in these hydrated structures. It was found that water molecules surrounding the GC base pair have significant effects on the geometry of the GC base pair and promote nonplanarity in the GC base pair. The calculated structures were found to be in good agreement with those observed experimentally and obtained in molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies. The water molecules in neutral GC-nH2O complexes lie near the ring plane of the GC base pair where they undergo hydrogen bonding with both GC and each other. However, in the GC anion radical complexes (GC-nH2O, n = 6, 11), the water molecules are displaced substantially from the GC ring plane. For GC-11H2O*-, a water molecule is hydrogen-bonded with the C6 atom of the cytosine base. We found that the hydration shell initially destabilizes the GC base pair toward electron capture as a transient anion. Energetically unstable diffuse states in the hydration shell are suggested to provide an intermediate state for the excess electron before molecular reorganization of the water molecules and the base pair results in a stable anion formation. The singly occupied molecular orbital (SOMO) in the anion radical complexes clearly shows that an excess electron localizes into a pi orbital of cytosine. The zero-point-energy (ZPE-) corrected adiabatic electron affinities (AEAs) of the GC-6H2O and GC-11H2O complexes, at the B3LYP/6-31+G** level of theory, were found to be 0.74 and 0.95 eV, respectively. However, the incorporation of bulk water as a solvent using the polarized continuum model (PCM) increases the EAs of these complexes to 1.77 eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, USA
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