1
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Gharpure SJ, Kalita D, Somani S, Pal J. Deciphering substitution effects on reductive hydroalkoxylation of alkynyl aminols for stereoselective synthesis of morpholines and 1,4-oxazepanes: total synthesis of tridemorph and fenpropimorph. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:5529-5533. [PMID: 38904968 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00855c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Acid catalysed reductive etherification of N-propargyl amino alcohols for the stereoselective synthesis of cis-2,5/2,6-disubstituted morpholines and cis-2,6/2,7-disubstituted oxazepanes has been developed. Mechanistic studies revealed that terminal alkynols gave morpholines via a 6-exo-dig hydroalkoxylation-isomerization-reduction cascade. Interestingly, an alkyne hydration-cyclization-reduction sequence is found to be involved in the formation of oxazepanes from alkyl substituted internal alkynols. The strategy was used as a key step in the total synthesis of fungicides tridemorph and fenpropimorph.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh J Gharpure
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai - 400076, India.
| | - Deepika Kalita
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai - 400076, India.
| | - Shipra Somani
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai - 400076, India.
| | - Juhi Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai - 400076, India.
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2
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Liu H, Xu B. Gold-Catalyzed C-N Cross-Coupling Reactions of Aryl Iodides with Alkyl Nitriles or Silver Cyanate. Org Lett 2024; 26:5430-5435. [PMID: 38912725 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
We have gold-catalyzed C-N cross-couplings of aryl iodides with aliphatic nitriles. Although nitriles are usually challenging nitrogen cross-coupling partners, they could be activated by base-mediated deprotonation and isomerization. The method utilizes widely available substrates in moderate to good yields to provide various N-aryl compounds. In addition, a similar strategy could be extended to the cross-couplings of aryl iodides with silver cyanate. The protocol features high humidity/air tolerance and works inter- and intramolecularly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
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3
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Wu X, Zhang L. Gold-Catalyzed Homo/Heterodimerization of Terminal Alkynes Facilitated by Metal-Ligand Cooperation. Org Lett 2024. [PMID: 38935932 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Gold-catalyzed dimerization of terminal alkynes is achieved under mild reaction conditions and in excellent yields. In addition to homodimerizations, heterodimerizations between TBS acetylene and a range of terminal alkynes were realized using the syringe pump technique. The reaction tolerates various functional groups. The rate acceleration experienced in the reactions is enabled by metal-ligand cooperation. A binaphthyl-2-ylphosphine ligand featuring a 3'-diisopropylphosphoryl group plays a pivotal role in facilitating alkyne attack by accommodating and/or deprotonating its terminal proton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93117, United States
| | - Liming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93117, United States
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4
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Liu LC, Lin S, Xu K, Qian J, Wu R, Li Q, Wang H. NHC-Au-Catalyzed Isomerization of Propargylic B(MIDA)s to Allenes and Double Isomerization of Alkynes to 1,3-Dienes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308710. [PMID: 38477453 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of allenyl boronates is an important yet challenging topic in organic synthesis. Reported herein is an NHC-gold-catalyzed 1,3-H shift toward allenyl boronates synthesis from simple propargylic B(MIDA)s. Mechanistic studies suggest dual roles of the boryl moiety in the reaction: to activate the substrate for isomerization and at the same time, to prevent the allene product from further isomerization. These effects should be a result of α-anion stabilization and α-cation destabilization conferred by the B(MIDA) moiety, respectively. The NHC-Au catalyst, which is commercially available, is also found to be reactive in alkyne-to-1,3-diene isomerization reactions in an atom-economic and base-free manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Cai Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shuang Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Kangwei Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jiasheng Qian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ruibo Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qingjiang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Honggen Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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5
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Rölz M, Butschke B, Breit B. Azobenzene-Integrated NHC Ligands: A Versatile Platform for Visible-Light-Switchable Metal Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:13210-13225. [PMID: 38709955 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
A new class of photoswitchable NHC ligands, named azImBA, has been developed by integrating azobenzene into a previously unreported imidazobenzoxazol-1-ylidene framework. These rigid photochromic carbenes enable precise control over confinement around a metal's coordination sphere. As a model system, gold(I) complexes of these NHCs exhibit efficient bidirectional E-Z isomerization under visible light, offering a versatile platform for reversibly photomodulating the reactivity of organogold species. Comprehensive kinetic studies of the protodeauration reaction reveal rate differences of up to 2 orders of magnitude between the E and Z isomers of the NHCs, resulting in a quasi-complete visible-light-gated ON/OFF switchable system. Such a high level of photomodulation efficiency is unprecedented for gold complexes, challenging the current state-of-the-art in photoswitchable organometallics. Thorough investigations into the ligand properties paired with structure-reactivity correlations underscored the unique ligand's steric features as a key factor for reactivity. This effective photocontrol strategy was further validated in gold(I) catalysis, enabling in situ photoswitching of catalytic activity in the intramolecular hydroalkoxylation and -amination of alkynes. Given the significance of these findings and its potential as a widely applicable, easily customizable photoswitchable ancillary ligand platform, azImBA is poised to stimulate the development of adaptive, multifunctional metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Rölz
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Burkhard Butschke
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Breit
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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6
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Suraj, Swamy KCK. [Au]-Catalyzed Cyclization of Propargyl-Tethered Ene-Amides: Substrate-Dependent Access to Tetrasubstituted Pyrroles, Aminophenols, and Dihydropyridines. J Org Chem 2024; 89:5518-5535. [PMID: 38598775 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
[Au]-catalyzed and substrate-dependent intramolecular cyclization of sulfonyl ene-amides with a pendant propargyl group afford tetrasubstituted pyrroles, o-aminophenols, or 1,6-dihydropyridine carbaldehydes. While the pyrroles and aminophenols are formed when the propargylic alkyne is terminal, dihydropyridines are formed when internal alkyne is present. Internal alkyne substrates with 2-thienyl and 3-thienyl groups give different types of dihydropyridines. The dihydropyridines so obtained can be readily converted to nicotinaldehydes with concomitant sulfonyl migration upon heating in xylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India
| | - K C Kumara Swamy
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India
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7
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Kumar S, Sharma A, Mahala S, Gaatha K, Reddy SR, Rom T, Paul AK, Roy P, Joshi H. Macrocyclic Sulfur Ligand Stabilized Trans-Palladium Dichloride Complex: Syntheses, Structure, Chlorine Rotation, and Application in α-Olefination of Nitriles by Primary Alcohols. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202300935. [PMID: 38116906 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we have reported the synthesis of a macrocyclic organosulfur ligand (L1) having a seventeen-membered macrocyclic ring. Subsequently, the corresponding trans-palladium complex (C1) of bulky macrocyclic organosulfur ligand (L1) was synthesized by reacting it with PdCl2 (CH3 CN)2 salt. The newly synthesized ligand and complex were characterized using various analytical and spectroscopic techniques. The complex showed a square planar geometry with trans orientation of two ligands around the palladium center. The complex possesses intramolecular SCH…Cl interactions of 2.648 Å between the macrocyclic ligand and palladium dichloride. The potential energy surface (PES) for the rotational process of C1 suggested a barrier of ~23.81 kcal/mol for chlorine rotation. Furthermore, the bulky macrocyclic organosulfur ligand stabilized palladium complex (C1) was used as a catalyst (2.5 mol %) for α-olefination of nitriles by primary alcohols. The α,β-unsaturated nitrile compounds were found to be the major product of the reaction (57-78 % yield) with broad substrate scope and large functional group tolerance. Notably, the saturated nitrile product was not observed during the reaction. The mechanistic studies suggested the formation of H2 and H2 O as only by-products of the reaction, thereby making the protocol greener and sustainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- ISC Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Ashutosh Sharma
- ISC Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Suman Mahala
- ISC Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - K Gaatha
- ISC Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - S Rajagopala Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India
| | - Tanmay Rom
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra, Kurukshetra, 136119, India
| | - Avijit Kumar Paul
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra, Kurukshetra, 136119, India
| | - Partha Roy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India
| | - Hemant Joshi
- ISC Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
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8
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Phearman AS, Ardon Y, Goldberg KI. Insertion of Molecular Oxygen into a Gold(III)-Hydride Bond. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:4045-4059. [PMID: 38290523 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The use of molecular oxygen as an oxidant in chemical synthesis has significant environmental and economic benefits, and it is widely used as such in large-scale industrial processes. However, its adoption in highly selective homogeneous catalytic transformations, particularly to produce oxygenated organics, has been hindered by our limited understanding of the mechanisms by which O2 reacts with transition metals. Of particular relevance are the mechanisms of the reactions of oxygen with late transition metal hydrides as these metal centers are better poised to release oxygenated products. Homogeneous catalysis with gold complexes has markedly increased, and herein we report the synthesis and full characterization of a rare AuIII-H, supported by a diphosphine pincer ligand (tBuPCP = 2,6-bis(di-tert-butylphosphinomethyl)benzene). [(tBuPCP)AuIII-H]+ was found to cleanly react with molecular oxygen to yield a stable AuIII-OOH complex that was also fully characterized. Extensive kinetic studies on the reaction via variable temperature NMR spectroscopy have been completed, and the results are consistent with an autoaccelerating radical chain mechanism. The observed kinetic behavior exhibits similarities to that of previously reported PdII-H and PtIV-H reactions with O2 but is not fully consistent with any known O2 insertion mechanism. As such, this study contributes to the nascent fundamental understanding of the mechanisms of aerobic oxidation of late metal hydrides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Phearman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Yotam Ardon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Karen I Goldberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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9
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Li R, Zafar M, Danovich D, Subramaniyan V, Tibika F, Tulchinsky Y. Sulfonium Cation in the Service of π-Acid Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314997. [PMID: 38009835 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
While still rare, cationic ligands offer much promise as tunable electron-withdrawing ligands for π-acid catalysis. Recently, we introduced pincer-type sulfonium cations into the list of available strongly π-acidic ancillary ligands. However, the M-S bond in sulfonium complexes of these ligands was found highly labile, precluding their catalytic applications. Herein we demonstrate that this obstacle can be overcome by increasing the rigidity of the sulfonium pincer scaffold. X-ray analyses confirm that despite bearing a formal positive charge, the sulfur atom of this newly designed sulfonium ligand maintains its coordination to the Pt(II)-center, while DFT calculations indicate that by doing so it strongly enhances the electrophilic character of the metal. Kinetic studies carried out on three model cycloisomerization reactions prove that such a tris-cationic sulfonium-Pt(II) complex is highly reactive, compared to its thioether-based analogue. This proof-of-concept study presents the first example of employing sulfonium-based ligands in homogeneous catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiping Li
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Mohammad Zafar
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - David Danovich
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | | | - Françoise Tibika
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Yuri Tulchinsky
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
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10
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Pérez-Sánchez JC, Herrera RP, Concepción Gimeno M. Unlocking the catalytic potential of gold(II) complexes: a comprehensive reassessment. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:382-393. [PMID: 38088049 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03687a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Gold(II) complexes, unlike their gold(I) and gold(III) counterparts, have been sparsely employed in the field of catalysis. This is primarily due to the challenges associated with isolating and characterising these open-shell species. However, these complexes offer a wide range of possibilities. On one hand, this intermediate oxidation state has proven to be more easily accessible through reduction and oxidation processes compared to the gold(I)/gold(III) redox couple, thereby facilitating potential homo-coupling and cross-coupling reactions. On the other hand, gold(II) exhibits Lewis acid behaviour, bridging the characteristics of the soft acid gold(I) and the hard acid gold(III). In this review, we focus on mono- and dinuclear gold(II) complexes, whether they are isolated and well-studied or proposed as intermediates in cross-coupling reactions induced by the action of oxidants or light. We delve into the unique reactivity and potential applications of these gold(II) species, shedding light on their role in this field. This comprehensive exploration aims to underscore the latent promise of gold(II) complexes in catalysis, offering insights into their structural and mechanistic aspects while highlighting their relevance in contemporary chemical transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Pérez-Sánchez
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Raquel P Herrera
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - M Concepción Gimeno
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
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11
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Zhou B, Bedajna S, Gabbaï FP. Pnictogen bonding at the service of gold catalysis: the case of a phosphinostiborane gold complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 60:192-195. [PMID: 38047406 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04942f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The search for alternative gold catalyst activators has led us to consider the design of platforms in which a phosphine gold chloride moiety could be activated via formation of a pnictogen bond with a neighboring antimony unit. Here, we describe that such a system can be accessed from 4-(diphenylphosphino)-5-(diphenylstibino)-2,7-di-tert-butyl-9,9-dimethylxanthene, by oxidation of the stibine with 3,5-di-tert-butyl-o-benzoquinone and by coordination of an AuCl unit to the phosphine. This strategy affords a complex in which a Lewis acidic or pnictogen-bond donor catecholatostiborane unit flanks the adjacent gold chloride moiety. This design impacts the catalytic reactivity of the gold center, as reflected by the ability of this complex to catalyze propargyl amide cyclization reactions. Comparisons with a phosphinostiborane ferrocene analog and computations point to the formation of an intramolecular Au-Cl → Sb(V) interaction as responsible for the observed catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benyu Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Shantabh Bedajna
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - François P Gabbaï
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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12
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Zhang S, Wei J, Ye X, Perez A, Shi X. Accessing gold p-acid reactivity under electrochemical anode oxidation (EAO) through oxidation relay. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8265. [PMID: 38092735 PMCID: PMC10719393 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44025-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The gold π-acid activation under electrochemical conditions is achieved. While EAO allows easy access to gold(III) intermediates over alternative chemical oxidation under mild conditions, the reported examples so far are limited to coupling reactions due to the rapid AuIII reductive elimination. Using aryl hydrazine-HOTf salt as precursors, the π-activation reaction mode was realized through oxidation relay. Both alkene and alkyne di-functionalization were achieved with excellent functional group compatibility and regioselectivity, which extended the versatility and utility of electrochemical gold redox chemistry for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jingwen Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Xiaohan Ye
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Angel Perez
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Xiaodong Shi
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
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13
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Su Z, Amin PM, Wang S. Gold(I)-Catalyzed Ring-Closing Alkyne-Carbonyl Metathesis for the Synthesis of Butenolides. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302044. [PMID: 37652895 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Alkyne-carbonyl metathesis is a type of carbon-carbon forming reaction involving the construction a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbonyl group in one transformation. Herein, a Au(I)-catalyzed ring-closing alkyne-carbonyl metathesis protocol has been developed to make densely substituted γ-butenolides from propargyl α-ketoesters. It features 100 % atom economy, excellent substrate flexibility and benign functional group tolerance. Mechanistic studies demonstrate that the coordinative interaction between the gold catalyst and the alkyne might initiate the transfer of an oxygen atom and the formation of the carbon-carbon double bond. By using this gold-catalyzed ring-closing alkyne-carbonyl metathesis as a key step reaction, four naturally occurring butenolide-type compounds including decumbic acid (45 % yield for 3 steps), deoxyisosporothric acid (32 % yield for 5 steps), lichesterinic acid (34 % yield for 5 steps) and isomuronic acid (6 % yield for 8 steps) have been synthesized starting from commercially available starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjie Su
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Pathan Mosim Amin
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Shaozhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
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14
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Jang J, Kim H, Shin S. Revised Mechanism of Gold-Catalyzed Thioallylation of Propiolates. J Org Chem 2023; 88:15437-15443. [PMID: 37851405 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Gold-catalyzed enantioselective thioallylation of propiolates proved effective in delivering highly enantio-enriched α-allyl-β-thioacrylates. In this work, we report a revised mechanism for this process based on the new mechanistic experiments and kinetic data in the presence of a competitive inhibitor. The employment of thioethers as nucleophiles inevitably involves their competitive binding to the only catalytic site of the Au(I) catalyst, which may inhibit the activity. We developed a modified Hammett plot in the presence of a dummy thioether inhibitor, which revealed a true kinetic profile, excluding the effect of inhibition. A revised mechanism suggested that the conjugate addition of thioethers to the Au(I)-activated alkynes is the turnover-limiting step, and the subsequent [3,3]-rearrangement occurs quickly, suggesting the efficacy of the sulfonium-based approach in accelerating Claisen rearrangement. In addition, the enantioselectivity was suggested to be determined during the sigmatropic rearrangement by discriminating the prochiral olefin faces of the allyl group in the σ-bound Au(I) complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences and Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNOS), Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Hanbyul Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences and Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNOS), Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Seunghoon Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences and Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNOS), Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
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15
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Wang K, Mao W, Song X, Chen M, Feng W, Peng B, Chen Y. Reactive X (where X = O, N, S, C, Cl, Br, and I) species nanomedicine. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:6957-7035. [PMID: 37743750 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00435f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, carbonyl, chlorine, bromine, and iodine species (RXS, where X = O, N, S, C, Cl, Br, and I) have important roles in various normal physiological processes and act as essential regulators of cell metabolism; their inherent biological activities govern cell signaling, immune balance, and tissue homeostasis. However, an imbalance between RXS production and consumption will induce the occurrence and development of various diseases. Due to the considerable progress of nanomedicine, a variety of nanosystems that can regulate RXS has been rationally designed and engineered for restoring RXS balance to halt the pathological processes of different diseases. The invention of radical-regulating nanomaterials creates the possibility of intriguing projects for disease treatment and promotes advances in nanomedicine. In this comprehensive review, we summarize, discuss, and highlight very-recent advances in RXS-based nanomedicine for versatile disease treatments. This review particularly focuses on the types and pathological effects of these reactive species and explores the biological effects of RXS-based nanomaterials, accompanied by a discussion and the outlook of the challenges faced and future clinical translations of RXS nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyi Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China.
| | - Weipu Mao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Xinran Song
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
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16
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Sancheti SP, Singh Y, Mane MV, Patil NT. Gold-Catalyzed 1,2-Dicarbofunctionalization of Alkynes with Organohalides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310493. [PMID: 37649285 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the first gold-catalyzed 1,2-dicarbofunctionalization of alkynes using organohalides as non-prefunctionalized coupling partners. The mechanism of the reaction involves an oxidative addition/π-activation mechanism in contrast to the migratory insertion/cis-trans isomerization pathway that is predominantly observed with other transition metals yielding products with anti-selectivity. Mechanistic insights include several control experiments, NMR studies, HR-MSMS analyses, and DFT calculations that strongly support the proposed mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank P Sancheti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Yukta Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Manoj V Mane
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be University), Jain Global Campus, Kanakapura, Bangalore, Karnataka, 562112, India
| | - Nitin T Patil
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
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17
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Feng Z, Wang L, Mohammed SNBS, Rao B, Kinjo R. Reactivity of Cyclic (Alkyl)(amino)germylene towards Copper(I) and Gold(I) Complexes. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202300634. [PMID: 37641951 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The reactions of cyclic (alkyl)(amino)germylenes (CAAGe) with copper(I) and gold(I) complexes were investigated. CAAGe (1) reacts with CuBr(SMe2 ) leading to a tetrameric germylene complex [CAAGeCuBr]4 (2), whereas CAAGe (3) undergoes Au-Cl bond insertion with LAuCl (L=phosphine or N-heterocyclic carbene) to afford germanium gold(I) complexes (5 and 6). Chlorine abstraction of 6 gives the cationic germylene gold(I) complex 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongtao Feng
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Liliang Wang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | | | - Bin Rao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Rei Kinjo
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
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18
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Chen G, Xu B. Gold-Catalyzed C-O Cross-Coupling Reactions of Aryl Iodides with Silver Carboxylates. Org Lett 2023; 25:6334-6339. [PMID: 37602793 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a C-O cross-coupling reaction of (hetero)aryl iodides with silver carboxylates via a AuI/AuIII catalytic cycle. The transformation featured exclusive chemoselectivity and moisture/air insensitivity. Aromatic and aliphatic (including primary, secondary, and tertiary) silver carboxylates are all suitable substrates. Moreover, this protocol worked well intermolecularly and intramolecularly. Most importantly, good yields were obtained regardless of the substrates' electronic effect and steric hindrance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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19
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Tsuno H, Shen J, Komatsu H, Arichi N, Inuki S, Ohno H. Gold(I)-Catalyzed Bis-Cyclization of Allenynes for the Synthesis of Strained and Planar Polycyclic Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307532. [PMID: 37401836 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
A gold-catalyzed cascade cyclization of naphthalene-tethered allenynes gave strained fused phenanthrene derivatives. The reaction proceeds through the nucleophilic reaction of an alkyne with the activated allene to generate a vinyl cation intermediate, followed by arylation with a tethered naphthalene ring to form the 4H-cyclopenta[def]phenanthrene (CPP) scaffold. When using aryl-substituted substrates on the alkyne terminus, the gold-catalyzed reaction produced dibenzofluorene derivatives along with the CPP derivatives. Selective formation of CPP and dibenzofluorene derivatives depending on the reaction conditions is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Tsuno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Jingfeng Shen
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroki Komatsu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Norihito Arichi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Inuki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ohno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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20
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Wu X, Sun Y, Zeng Y, Li X. Mechanistic Insights into Oxazolone Synthesis by Bimetallic Au-Pd-Catalyzed Catalysis and Catalyst Design: DFT Investigations. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37449782 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Bimetallic synergistic catalysis is one of the most effective and powerful strategies for the synthesis of oxazolones, an important species in organic synthesis. In this work, the mechanism of AuCl(PMe3)/AgOTf-Pd(0) ([Au-Pd]) bimetallic catalyst-catalyzed oxazolone synthesis using N-alkynyl carbamates as precursors was studied in detail by DFT calculations and the catalytic performances of a series of bimetallic catalysts were evaluated. The results show that the reaction begins from the [Au]-catalyzed cycloisomerization of N-alkynyl carbamates. After the five-membered intermediate is formed, the [Pd(0)]-catalyzed cycle starts, which contains three steps: oxidation addition, transmetalation, and reductive elimination. The whole reaction belongs to a catalyzed catalysis, and the reductive elimination is the rate-determining step. In the transmetalation process, both the [Pd(0)] catalyst and the ionic bridge are necessary. For the [Au-Pd]-catalyzed process, it is Cl- as the bridge, not OTf-. The cheaper metal compound, AgCl(PMe3), can serve as the alternative of AuCl(PMe3) to co-catalyze with the [Pd(0)] catalyst for the title reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueju Wu
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hubei Key Laboratory of Inorganic and Nano-Materials, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hubei Key Laboratory of Inorganic and Nano-Materials, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hubei Key Laboratory of Inorganic and Nano-Materials, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hubei Key Laboratory of Inorganic and Nano-Materials, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, P. R. China
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21
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Shi X, Zhang S, Wei J, Ye X, Perez A. Accessing Gold π-Acid Reactivity under Electrochemical Anode Oxidation (EAO) through Oxidation Relay. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3088453. [PMID: 37461542 PMCID: PMC10350213 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3088453/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
The gold π-acid activation under electrochemical condition is achieved for the first time. While EAO allowing easy access to gold(III) intermediates over alternative chemical oxidation under mild conditions, the reported examples so far limited to coupling reactions due to the rapid AuIII reductive elimination. Using aryl hydrazine-HOTf salt as precursors, the π-activation reaction mode was realized through oxidation relay. Both alkene and alkyne di-functionalization were achieved with excellent functional group compatibility and regioselectivity, which extended the versatility and utility of electrochemical gold redox chemistry for future applications to come.
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22
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Liu J, Bobylev EO, de Bruin B, Reek JNH. A photoresponsive gold catalyst based on azobenzene-functionalized NHC ligands. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023. [PMID: 37377028 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc01726e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
An azobenzene-bearing N-heterocyclic carbene-based gold catalyst is reported of which the reactivity in a cyclization reaction depends on the isomeric state of the azobenzene. The configurations of the catalyst can be reversibly switched by light and are stable during the reaction, effectively leading to a switchable catalyst system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghua Liu
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat), Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, Amsterdam 1098XH, The Netherlands.
| | - Eduard O Bobylev
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat), Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, Amsterdam 1098XH, The Netherlands.
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat), Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, Amsterdam 1098XH, The Netherlands.
| | - Joost N H Reek
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis (HomKat), Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, Amsterdam 1098XH, The Netherlands.
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23
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Ambegave SB, More TR, Patil NT. Gold-based enantioselective bimetallic catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023. [PMID: 37285287 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc01966g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Multimetallic catalysis is a powerful strategy to access complex molecular scaffolds efficiently from easily available starting materials. Numerous reports in the literature have demonstrated the effectiveness of this approach, particularly for capitalizing on enantioselective transformations. Interestingly, gold joined the race of transition metals very late making its use in multimetallic catalysis unthinkable. Recent literature revealed that there is an urgent need to develop gold-based multicatalytic systems based on the combination of gold with other metals for enabling enantioselective transformations that are not possible to capitalize with the use of a single catalyst alone. This review article highlights the progress made in the field of enantioselective gold-based bimetallic catalysis highlighting the power of multicatalysis for accessing new reactivities and selectivities which are beyond the reach of individual catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivhar B Ambegave
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, India.
| | - Tushar R More
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, India.
| | - Nitin T Patil
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, India.
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24
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Sun X, Duan X, Zheng N, Song W. Gold-Catalyzed Anti-Markovnikov Oxidation of Au-Allenylidene to Generate Alkylidene Ketene. Org Lett 2023; 25:2798-2805. [PMID: 37052465 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
It remains a long-standing challenge to directly convert alkynes to carboxylic derivatives. Herein, a unexpectedly anti-Markovnikov oxidation of a unique Au-allenylidene pathway instead of a traditional α-oxo gold carbene routine is disclosed for in situ formation and transformation of highly unsaturated alkylidene ketenes, which are subsequently trapped by broad nucleophiles such as alcohols, phenols, water, amines, and sulfoximines to easily access α,β-unsaturated drugs and natural product derivatives by a multicomponent reaction. Based on this scenario, polyacrylate and polyacrylamide are efficiently afforded by corresponding multicomponent polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhao Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Xuelun Duan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Nan Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Wangze Song
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
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25
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Chromium-catalyzed stereodivergent E- and Z-selective alkyne hydrogenation controlled by cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene ligands. Nat Commun 2023; 14:990. [PMID: 36813784 PMCID: PMC9947122 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36677-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The hydrogenation of alkynes allows the synthesis of olefins, which are important feedstock for the materials, pharmaceutical, and petrochemical industry. Thus, methods that enable this transformation via low-cost metal catalysis are desirable. However, achieving stereochemical control in this reaction is a long-standing challenge. Here, we report on the chromium-catalyzed E- and Z-selective olefin synthesis via hydrogenation of alkynes, controlled by two carbene ligands. A cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene ligand that contains a phosphino anchor enables the hydrogenation of alkynes in a trans-addition manner, selectively forming E-olefins. With an imino anchor-incorporated carbene ligand, the stereoselectivity can be switched, giving mainly Z-isomers. This ligand-enabled geometrical stereoinversion strategy by one metal catalysis overrides common methods in control of the E- and Z-selectivity with two different metal catalysis, allowing for highly efficient and on-demand access to both E- and Z-olefins in a stereo-complementary fashion. Mechanistic studies indicate that the different steric effect between these two carbene ligands may mainly dominate the selective forming E- or Z-olefins in control of the stereochemistry.
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26
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Chen G, Xu B. Hydrogen Bond Donor and Unbalanced Ion Pair Promoter-Assisted Gold-Catalyzed Carbon–Oxygen Cross-Coupling of (Hetero)aryl Iodides with Alcohols. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c05890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guifang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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27
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Sufyan SA, van Devener B, Perez P, Nigra MM. Electronic Tuning of Gold Nanoparticle Active Sites for Reduction Catalysis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:1210-1218. [PMID: 36580656 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Electronic tuning of active sites in heterogeneous catalysis with organic ligands remains challenging since the ligands are often bound to the most active sites on the catalysts' surfaces. In this work, gold nanoparticles, which are on average less than 2 nm in diameter, are synthesized with strongly binding thiol and phosphine ligands and have measurable quantities of accessible sites on their surfaces in both cases. Triphenylphosphine (TPP) is used as the phosphine ligand, while triphenylmethyl mercaptan (TPMT) serves as the thiol ligand. Phosphines are chosen because they are electron-donating ligands when bound to Au, and thiols are selected because they are electron-withdrawing on the Au surface. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results show differences in the Au 4f binding energies between the TPP- and TPMT-bound Au nanoparticles. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) measurements of bound CO indicate that the TPP-bound Au nanoparticles are more electron-rich than the TPMT-bound Au nanoparticles. The number of binding sites on the surface is quantified using 2-naphthalenethiol titration experiments. It is observed that the number of binding sites on the thiol and phosphine-bound Au nanoparticles is similar in both cases. The Au nanoparticles are used for three different reactions: resazurin reduction, CO oxidation, and benzyl alcohol oxidation. For both CO oxidation and benzyl alcohol oxidation, which are performed with the ligands attached, TPP- and TPMT-bound nanoparticles are both catalytically active. However, for resazurin reduction, the TPMT-bound Au nanoparticles are not active, while the TPP-bound Au nanoparticles are catalytically active. These results illustrate that the catalytic activity can be tuned using bound organic ligands with different electronic properties for reduction reactions using Au nanoparticle catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Abu Sufyan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Brian van Devener
- Electron Microscopy and Surface Analysis Laboratory, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Paulo Perez
- Electron Microscopy and Surface Analysis Laboratory, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Michael M Nigra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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28
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Tathe AG, Saswade SS, Patil NT. Gold-catalyzed multicomponent reactions. Org Chem Front 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d3qo00272a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) have emerged as an important branch in organic synthesis for the creation of complex molecular structures. This review is focused on gold-catalyzed MCRs with a special emphasis on the recent developments.
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29
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P. M M, S N, Kulkarni NV, Jagirdar BR, Jones WD. Guerbet upgrading of ethanol to n-butanol using Ru( iii) catalysts under air. NEW J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d3nj00535f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
A series of in situ prepared Ru(iii) complexes supported by easily accessible N-donor organic pincer ligands were used as catalysts in the Guerbet upgrading reaction of ethanol under aerobic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahitha P. M
- Department of Chemistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri 690525, Kerala, India
| | - Nakul S
- Department of Chemistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri 690525, Kerala, India
| | - Naveen V. Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri 690525, Kerala, India
| | - Balaji R. Jagirdar
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - William D. Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14450, USA
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30
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Tanpure SD, Kardile RD, Liu RS. Relay Zn( ii)- and Au( i)-catalyzed aziridination/cyclization/ring expansion sequence to form 3-benzazepine derivatives. Org Chem Front 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d3qo00134b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of 3H-benzo[d]azepine-2-carboxylates from 2-alkynylphenyl aldimines and α-diazo esters using Zn(ii) and Au(i) catalysts is described.
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31
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Paisuwan W, Sukwattanasinitt M, Tobisu M, Ajavakom A. A Dihydropyridine Derivative as a Highly Selective Fluorometric Probe for Quantification of Au 3+ Residue in Gold Nanoparticle Solution. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 23:436. [PMID: 36617034 PMCID: PMC9823494 DOI: 10.3390/s23010436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Novel dihydroquinoline derivatives (DHP and DHP-OH) were synthesized in one pot via a tandem trimerization-cyclization of methylpropiolate. DHP and DHP-OH possess strong blue fluorescence with high quantum efficiencies over 0.70 in aqueous media. DHP-OH displays a remarkable fluorescence quenching selectively to the presence of Au3+ through the oxidation of dihydropyridine to pyridinium ion as confirmed by NMR and HRMS. DHP-OH was used to demonstrate the quantitative analysis of Au3+ in water samples with the limit of detection of 33 ppb and excellent recovery (>95%). This fluorescent probe was also applied for the determination of Au3+ residue in the gold nanoparticle solution and a paper-based sensing strip for the on-site detection of Au3+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waroton Paisuwan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phyathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Mongkol Sukwattanasinitt
- Nanotec-CU Center of Excellence on Food and Agriculture, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phyathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Mamoru Tobisu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Anawat Ajavakom
- Nanotec-CU Center of Excellence on Food and Agriculture, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phyathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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32
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Jing W, Shen H, Qin R, Wu Q, Liu K, Zheng N. Surface and Interface Coordination Chemistry Learned from Model Heterogeneous Metal Nanocatalysts: From Atomically Dispersed Catalysts to Atomically Precise Clusters. Chem Rev 2022; 123:5948-6002. [PMID: 36574336 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The surface and interface coordination structures of heterogeneous metal catalysts are crucial to their catalytic performance. However, the complicated surface and interface structures of heterogeneous catalysts make it challenging to identify the molecular-level structure of their active sites and thus precisely control their performance. To address this challenge, atomically dispersed metal catalysts (ADMCs) and ligand-protected atomically precise metal clusters (APMCs) have been emerging as two important classes of model heterogeneous catalysts in recent years, helping to build bridge between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. This review illustrates how the surface and interface coordination chemistry of these two types of model catalysts determines the catalytic performance from multiple dimensions. The section of ADMCs starts with the local coordination structure of metal sites at the metal-support interface, and then focuses on the effects of coordinating atoms, including their basicity and hardness/softness. Studies are also summarized to discuss the cooperativity achieved by dual metal sites and remote effects. In the section of APMCs, the roles of surface ligands and supports in determining the catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability of APMCs are illustrated. Finally, some personal perspectives on the further development of surface coordination and interface chemistry for model heterogeneous metal catalysts are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentong Jing
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Hui Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Ruixuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Qingyuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Kunlong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Nanfeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen 361102, China
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33
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Recyclable gold(I)-catalyzed oxidative cyclization of 1,4-diyn-3-ols leading to highly substituted 3-formylfurans. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2022.122527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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34
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Liu X, Tang Z, Si Z, Zhang Z, Zhao L, Liu L. Enantioselective
para
‐C(sp
2
)−H Functionalization of Alkyl Benzene Derivatives via Cooperative Catalysis of Gold/Chiral Brønsted Acid**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208874. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xun‐Shen Liu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 500 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200241 P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiong Tang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 500 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200241 P. R. China
| | - Zhi‐Yao Si
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 500 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200241 P. R. China
| | - Zhikun Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 500 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200241 P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 500 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200241 P. R. China
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 500 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200241 P. R. China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development East China Normal University 3663N Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 P. R. China
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35
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Zhang J, Zhang S, Ding Z, Hou A, Fu J, Su H, Cheng M, Lin B, Yang L, Liu Y. Gold(I)-Catalyzed Tandem Intramolecular Methoxylation/Double Aldol Condensation Strategy Yielding 2,2′-Spirobi[indene] Derivatives. Org Lett 2022; 24:6777-6782. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingfu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
- Institute of Drug Research in Medicine Capital of China, Benxi 117000, P.R. China
| | - Sen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
- Institute of Drug Research in Medicine Capital of China, Benxi 117000, P.R. China
| | - Zhixing Ding
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
- Institute of Drug Research in Medicine Capital of China, Benxi 117000, P.R. China
| | - Anbin Hou
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
- Institute of Drug Research in Medicine Capital of China, Benxi 117000, P.R. China
| | - Jiayue Fu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
- Institute of Drug Research in Medicine Capital of China, Benxi 117000, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Su
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
- Institute of Drug Research in Medicine Capital of China, Benxi 117000, P.R. China
| | - Maosheng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
- Institute of Drug Research in Medicine Capital of China, Benxi 117000, P.R. China
| | - Bin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
- Institute of Drug Research in Medicine Capital of China, Benxi 117000, P.R. China
| | - Lu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
- Institute of Drug Research in Medicine Capital of China, Benxi 117000, P.R. China
| | - Yongxiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
- Institute of Drug Research in Medicine Capital of China, Benxi 117000, P.R. China
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36
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Szabo Z, Ben Ahmed S, Nagy Z, Paczal A, Kotschy A. Enantioselective Cyclopropanation Catalyzed by Gold(I)-Carbene Complexes. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185805. [PMID: 36144540 PMCID: PMC9501563 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of polysubstituted cyclopropane derivatives in the gold(I)-catalyzed reaction of olefins and propargylic esters is a potentially useful transformation to generate diversity, therefore any method in which its stereoselectivity could be controlled is of significant interest. We prepared and tested a series of chiral gold(I)-carbene complexes as a catalyst in this transformation. With a systematic optimization of the reaction conditions, we were able to achieve high enantioselectivity in the test reaction while the cis:trans selectivity of the transformation was independent of the catalyst. Using the optimized conditions, we reacted a series of various olefins and acetylene derivatives to find that, although the reactions proceeded smoothly and the products were usually isolated in good yield and with good to exclusive cis selectivity, the observed enantioselectivity varied greatly and was sometimes moderate at best. We were unable to establish any structure-property relationship, which suggests that for any given reagent combination, one has to identify individually the best catalyst.
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37
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Efforts Towards Control of Regioselectivity in the Gold(I) Catalyzed Hydration of Internal Alkynes. Effects of Solvent, Temperature and Substrate on Regioselectivity. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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38
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Epton RG, Unsworth WP, Lynam JM. DFT Studies of Au(I) Catalysed Reactions: Anion Effects and Reaction Selectivity. Isr J Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202200033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan G. Epton
- Department of Chemistry University of York Heslington, York YO10 5DD UK
| | | | - Jason M. Lynam
- Department of Chemistry University of York Heslington, York YO10 5DD UK
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39
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Liu XS, Tang Z, Si ZY, Zhang Z, Zhao L, Liu L. Enantioselective para‐C(sp2)−H Functionalization of Alkyl Benzene Derivatives via Cooperative Catalysis of Gold/Chiral Brønsted Acid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xun-Shen Liu
- East China Normal University School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering CHINA
| | - Zhiqiong Tang
- East China Normal University School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering CHINA
| | - Zhi-Yao Si
- East China Normal University School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering CHINA
| | - Zhikun Zhang
- East China Normal University School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering CHINA
| | - Lei Zhao
- East China Normal University School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering CHINA
| | - Lu Liu
- East China Normal University School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering 500 Dongchuan Road 200241 Shanghai CHINA
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40
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Li Y, Tung CH, Xu Z. Synthesis of Benzofuran Derivates via a Gold-Catalyzed Claisen Rearrangement Cascade. Org Lett 2022; 24:5829-5834. [PMID: 35912957 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A novel method toward a facile synthesis of diverse benzofuran derivates from easily obtained quinols and alkynyl esters has been reported. A gold-catalyzed intermolecular alkoxylation/Claisen rearrangement/condensation cascade was involved. The introduction of difluorodiphenylsilane as a water-trapping reagent in the reaction leads to a higher yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yankun Li
- Key Lab for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Lab for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhenghu Xu
- Key Lab for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan 250100, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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41
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Abstract
Until the year 2000, gold compounds were considered catalytically inert. Subsequently, it was found that they are able to promote the nucleophilic attack on unsaturated substrates by forming an Au–π-system. The main limitation in the use of these catalytic systems is the ease with which they decompose, which is avoided by stabilization with an ancillary ligand. N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs), having interesting s-donor capacities, are able to stabilize the gold complexes (Au (I/III) NHC), favoring the exploration of their catalytic activity. This review reports the state of the art (years 2007–2022) in the nucleophilic addition of amines (hydroamination) and water (hydration) to the terminal and internal alkynes catalyzed by N-heterocyclic carbene gold (I/III) complexes. These reactions are particularly interesting both because they are environmentally sustainable and because they lead to the production of important intermediates in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry. In fact, they have an atom economy of 100%, and lead to the formation of imines and enamines, as well as the formation of ketones and enols, all important scaffolds in the synthesis of bioactive molecules, drugs, heterocycles, polymers, and bulk and fine chemicals.
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42
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Patra SR, Sangma SW, Padhy AK, Bhunia S. Oxidative Addition to the N-C Bond Vs Formation of the Zwitterionic Intermediate in Platinum(II)-Catalyzed Intramolecular Annulation of Alkynes to Form Indoles: Mechanistic Studies and Reaction Scope. J Org Chem 2022; 87:9714-9722. [PMID: 35860990 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, Pt(II)-catalyzed intramolecular translocation annulation of ortho-alkynylamides to the formation of indoles is presented, where a proposed intermediacy of zwitterionic intermediate has been substantiated over the oxidative addition. We focused our attention on Pt(II)-catalyzed aminoacylation of alkynes both theoretically and experimentally using low boiling solvent where the formation of deacylation product was suppressed simultaneously. One-step intramolecular [1,3]-acyl migration from the zwitterionic intermediate is highly unlikely, which imparts a high energy barrier of +99.0 kcal mol-1. Another possible approach involving oxidative addition to the N-C bond, migratory insertion to alkyne, and subsequent reductive elimination is also explored through DFT studies to justify the reaction consequence. However, based on the computational studies, it is suggested that initial zwitterion formation is highly favored over oxidative addition. We suggest the formation of an acylium intermediate, which can further react with indol-3-ylplatinum species in an intramolecular manner, albeit within the same solvent cage to form 3-acyl indoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snigdha Rani Patra
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi 835205, Jharkhand, India
| | - Simon Watre Sangma
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi 835205, Jharkhand, India
| | - Arun Kumar Padhy
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi 835205, Jharkhand, India
| | - Sabyasachi Bhunia
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi 835205, Jharkhand, India
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43
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Bera N, Lenka BS, Bishi S, Samanta S, Sarkar D. Gold(I)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Heterocycles via Allene Oxide from Propargylic Alcohols. J Org Chem 2022; 87:9729-9754. [PMID: 35862550 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new mechanistic pathway of propargylic alcohol activation by gold(I) catalysis has been proposed toward the efficient synthesis of N-protected pyrroles, 5,6-dihydropyridin-3(4H)-ones from N-protected 5-aminopent-2-yn-1-ol, and 5-aminopent-2-yn-1-ol. Control experiments support that the reaction proceeded via the neighboring group participation of the oxygen atom of propargylic alcohol to form an allene oxide intermediate where the nucleophilic heteroatom attacks intramolecularly. Further, this methodology is successfully extrapolated toward the atom-economic synthesis of hydroxyalkyl indoles and benzofurans. The short reaction time of 30 s, low catalyst loading of 0.5 mol %, high yield, variation in the substrate scope, and procedurally simple open-flask reaction conditions make this methodology highly applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabakumar Bera
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela 769008, India
| | - Bhabani Sankar Lenka
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela 769008, India
| | - Sangita Bishi
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela 769008, India
| | - Shantanu Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela 769008, India
| | - Debayan Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela 769008, India.,Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 453552, India
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44
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Muratov K, Gagosz F. Confinement‐Induced Selectivities in Gold(I) Catalysis—The Benefit of Using Bulky Tri‐(
ortho
‐biaryl)phosphine Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203452. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karim Muratov
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences University of Ottawa K1N 6N5 Ottawa Canada
| | - Fabien Gagosz
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences University of Ottawa K1N 6N5 Ottawa Canada
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45
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Wei C, Wu J, Zhang L, Xia Z. Gold(I)-Catalyzed Selective Hydroarylation of Indoles with Haloalkynes. Org Lett 2022; 24:4689-4693. [PMID: 35714368 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A highly regio- and stereoselective synthesis of a Z-alkenyl indole via the gold-catalyzed addition of an indole to a haloalkyne was developed. In the presence of gold catalyst SIPrAuCl and cocatalyst NaBARF, a broad range of indoles react with haloalkynes to afford Z-alkenyl indoles with high selectivity at room temperature. Computational studies suggest that the hydroarylation reaction takes place via a concerted C2 addition pathway of the indole to the activated haloalkyne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunbo Wei
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jiawen Wu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lizhu Zhang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhonghua Xia
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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46
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Zhou Y, Liu H, Jin X, Xing X, Wang X, Wang G, Zhou M. Significant π Bonding in Coinage Metal Complexes OCTMCCO- from Infrared Photodissociation Spectroscopy and Theoretical Calculations. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:014302. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0099789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of coinage metal complexes in the form of TMC(CO)n- (TM=Cu, Ag, Au; n = 0-3) were generated using a laser ablation-supersonic expansion ion source in the gas phase. Mass-selected infrared photodissociation spectroscopy in conjunction with quantum chemical calculations indicated that the TMC(CO)3- complexes contain a linear OCTMCCO- core anion. Bonding analyses suggest that the linear OCTMCCO- anions are better described as the bonding interactions between a singlet ground state TM+ metal cation and the OC/CCO2- ligands in the singlet ground state. Besides the strong ligands to metal σ donation bonding components, the π-bonding components also contribute significantly to the metal-ligands bonding due to the synergetic effects of the CO and CCO2- ligands. The strengths of the bonding of the three metals show a V-shaped trend in which the second-row transition metal Ag exhibits the weakest interactions whereas the third-row transition metal Au has the strongest interactions due to the relativistic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaopeng Xing
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, China
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47
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Liu S, Li J, Hu W, Huang B, Cai M. Recyclable gold(I)-catalyzed hydrohydrazidation of terminal alkynes towards keto-N-acylhydrazones. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2022.122411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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48
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Xie D, Xu X, Long S, Tang XY, Wang L. Synthesis of (2-(Quinolin-2-yl)phenyl)carbamates by a One-Pot Friedel-Crafts Reaction/Oxidative Umpolung Aza-Grob Fragmentation Sequence. J Org Chem 2022; 87:7852-7863. [PMID: 35611951 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Utilizing the easily available isatin-based propargyl amines prepared from isatins, terminal alkynes, and anilines, (2-(quinolin-2-yl)phenyl)carbamates were prepared by a one-pot reaction in sequence, combining the gold-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts cyclization, oxidative umpolung aza-Grob fragmentation, and nucleophilic addition. In this process, gold-catalyzed cyclization of isatin-based propargyl amines gave 1'H-spiro[indoline-3,2'-quinolin]-2-ones, which were oxidized in situ by hypervalent iodine via the aza-Grob fragmentation to afford isocyano intermediates 2-(2-isocyanatophenyl)quinolines. Followed by the nucleophilic addition with alcohol solvents, (2-(quinolin-2-yl)phenyl)carbamates were synthesized. This procedure features easy operation, a wide substrate scope, and mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Xie
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 216 1st Road Optics Valley, East Lake New Technology Development District, Wuhan, Hubei 430205, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Xin Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Sihui Long
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 216 1st Road Optics Valley, East Lake New Technology Development District, Wuhan, Hubei 430205, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Ying Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Long Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
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49
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Rong Wong Z, Schramm TK, Loipersberger M, Head-Gordon M, Toste FD. Revisiting the Bonding Model for Gold(I) Species: The Importance of Pauli Repulsion Revealed in a Gold(I)-Cyclobutadiene Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202019. [PMID: 35261142 PMCID: PMC9173747 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the bonding of gold(I) species has been central to the development of gold(I) catalysis. Herein, we present the synthesis and characterization of the first gold(I)-cyclobutadiene complex, accompanied with bonding analysis by state-of-the-art energy decomposition analysis methods. Analysis of possible coordination modes for the new species not only confirms established characteristics of gold(I) bonding, but also suggests that Pauli repulsion is a key yet hitherto overlooked element. Additionally, we obtain a new perspective on gold(I)-bonding by comparison of the gold(I)-cyclobutadiene to congeners stabilized by p-, d-, and f-block metals. Consequently, we refine the gold(I) bonding model, with a delicate interplay of Pauli repulsion and charge transfer as the key driving force for various coordination motifs. Pauli repulsion is similarly determined as a significant interaction in AuI -alkyne species, corroborating this revised understanding of AuI bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng Rong Wong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley 420 Latimer Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
| | - Tim K. Schramm
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley 420 Latimer Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
- Department of Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1 Aachen, 52074 (Germany)
| | - Matthias Loipersberger
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley 420 Latimer Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
| | - Martin Head-Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley 420 Latimer Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 70A3307, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
| | - F. Dean Toste
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley 420 Latimer Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 70A3307, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
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50
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O'Brien L, Argent SP, Ermanis K, Lam HW. Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Nucleophilic Allylation of Azinium Ions with Allylboronates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202305. [PMID: 35239987 PMCID: PMC9314030 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luke O'Brien
- The GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry University of Nottingham Jubilee Campus, Triumph Road Nottingham NG7 2TU UK
- School of Chemistry University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Stephen P. Argent
- School of Chemistry University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Kristaps Ermanis
- School of Chemistry University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Hon Wai Lam
- The GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry University of Nottingham Jubilee Campus, Triumph Road Nottingham NG7 2TU UK
- School of Chemistry University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
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