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Yang X, Xu L, Fang D, Zhang A, Xiao C. Progress in phenanthroline-derived extractants for trivalent actinides and lanthanides separation: where to next? Chem Commun (Camb) 2024. [PMID: 39235311 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc03810j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Spent nuclear fuel (SNF) released from reactors possesses significant radioactivity, heat release properties, and high-value radioactive nuclides. Therefore, using chemical methods for reprocessing can enhance economic efficiency and reduce the potential environmental risks of nuclear energy. Due to the presence of relatively diffuse f-electrons, the chemical properties of trivalent lanthanides (Ln(III)) and actinides (An(III)) in SNF solutions are quite similar. Separation methods have several limitations, including poor separation efficiency and the need for multiple stripping agents. The use of novel multi-dental phenanthroline-derived extractants with nitrogen donor atoms to effectively separate An(III) over Ln(III) has been widely accepted. This review first introduces the development history of phenanthroline-derived extractants for extraction and complexation with An(III) over Ln(III). Then, based on structural differences, these extractants are classified into four categories: nitrogen-coordinated, N,O-hybrid coordinated, highly preorganized structure, and unsymmetric structure. Each category's design principles, extraction, and separation performance as well as their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. Finally, we have summarized and compared the unique characteristics of the existing extractants and provided an outlook. This work may offer a reliable reference for the precise identification and selective separation between An(III) and Ln(III), and point the way for future development and exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Yang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Lei Xu
- Institute of Nuclear-Agricultural Science, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Dong Fang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Anyun Zhang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Chengliang Xiao
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
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2
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Greif G, Sauerwein FS, Weßling P, Duckworth TM, Patzschke M, Gericke R, Sittel T, März J, Wilden A, Modolo G, Panak PJ, Roesky PW. 6-(6-Methyl-1,2,4,5-Tetrazine-3-yl)-2,2'-Bipyridine: A N-Donor Ligand for the Separation of Lanthanides(III) and Actinides(III). Inorg Chem 2024; 63:15259-15269. [PMID: 39101694 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Here, we report the synthesis of the 6-(6-methyl-1,2,4,5-tetrazine-3-yl)-2,2'-bipyridine (MTB) ligand that has been developed for lanthanide/actinide separation. A multimethod study of the complexation of MTB with trivalent actinide and lanthanide ions is presented. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurements reveal the formation of [Ce(MTB)2(NO3)3], [Pr(MTB)(NO3)3H2O], and [Ln(MTB)(NO3)3MeCN] (Ln = Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd). In addition, the complexation of Cm(III) with MTB in solution was studied by time-resolved laser fluorescence spectroscopy. The results show the formation of [Cm(MTB)1-3]3+ complexes, which occur in two different isomers. Quantum chemical calculations reveal an energy difference between these isomers of 12 kJ mol-1, clarifying the initial observations made by time-resolved laser fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS). Furthermore, quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) analysis of the Cm(III) and Ln(III) complexes was performed, indicating a stronger covalent contribution in the Cm-N interaction compared to the respective Ln-N interaction. These findings align well with extraction data showing a preferred extraction of Am and Cm over lanthanides (e.g., max. SFAm/Eu = 8.3) at nitric acid concentrations <0.1 mol L-1 HNO3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerlinde Greif
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstr. 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Fynn S Sauerwein
- Institute of Fusion Energy and Nuclear Waste Management─Nuclear Waste Management (IFN-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Patrik Weßling
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tamara M Duckworth
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Patzschke
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Robert Gericke
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Sittel
- Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Juliane März
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Wilden
- Institute of Fusion Energy and Nuclear Waste Management─Nuclear Waste Management (IFN-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Modolo
- Institute of Fusion Energy and Nuclear Waste Management─Nuclear Waste Management (IFN-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Petra J Panak
- Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter W Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstr. 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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3
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Shimojo K, Fujiwara I, Saito T, Oshima T. Comprehensive extraction study using N,N-dioctylthiodiglycolamic acid: effect of S donor on metal extraction. ANAL SCI 2024; 40:1429-1436. [PMID: 38753116 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-024-00577-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/26/2024]
Abstract
Extraction ability of N,N-dioctylthiodiglycolamic acid (T-DODGAA), a soft-base sulfur donor ligand with an amide group and a carboxylic acid connected by a thioether chain, for 56 metal ions have been comprehensively investigated and compared with that of N,N-dioctyldiglycolamic acid (DODGAA) with an etheric oxygen atom, a hard-base donor. The acid dissociation constant (pKa) of the thiodiglycolamic acid framework was determined to be 3.71 ± 0.06 in water (0.1 M LiCl, 25 °C) by potentiometric titration, indicating that T-DODGAA is a slightly weaker acid than DODGAA (pKa = 3.54 ± 0.03). T-DODGAA can quantitatively extract various metal ions from the 56 metal ions into the organic phase (isooctane) through a proton-exchange reaction. T-DODGAA provided higher extraction performance than DODGAA for Hf(IV), Cr(III), Fe(III), Ni(II), Cu(II), Pd(II), Ag(I), Au(III), Hg(II), Al(III), and Ga(III), especially for soft metal ions. Furthermore, to demonstrate the practical feasibility of T-DODGAA for hydrometallurgy and metal recycling, we performed selective separation tests of rare metal ions such as Sc(III), Ni(II), Co(II), Pd(II), Au(III), In(III), and Ga(III) in metal-mixed extraction systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kojiro Shimojo
- Materials Sciences Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 1-1-1 Koto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan.
| | - Iori Fujiwara
- Materials Sciences Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 1-1-1 Koto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
| | - Takumi Saito
- Nuclear Professional School, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 2-22 Shirakata Shirane, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki, 319-1188, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Oshima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
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4
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Gujar RB, Kanekar AS, Bhattacharyya A, Karthikeyan NS, Ravichandran C, Toleti SR, Egberink RJM, Huskens J, Verboom W, Mohapatra PK. Remarkable Improvement in Am 3+ and Cm 3+ Separation Using a Cooperative Counter Selectivity Strategy by a Combination of Branched Diglycolamides and Hydrophilic Polyaza-heterocycles. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:11649-11659. [PMID: 38861395 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Separation of Am3+ and Cm3+ is one of the most challenging problems in the back-end of the nuclear fuel cycle. In the present work, we exploited the cooperative effect of the opposite selectivity of hydrophobic branched DGA derivatives and hydrophobic N-donor heterocyclic ligands taken in two different phases to achieve improved separation behavior. A systematic study was performed using a series of DGA derivatives to understand the effect and the position of branching in the alkyl chains on the separation behavior of Am3+ and Cm3+. A separation factor (S.F.) value as high as 10 for Cm3+ over Am3+ was obtained in the case of TiBDGA (N,N,N',N'-tetra-iso-butyl diglycolamide) using SO3PhBTPhen ((phenanthroline-2,9-diyl)-1,2,4-triazine-5,5,6,6-tetrayltetrabenzenesulfonic acid) as the aqueous complexant, which is the highest reported value so far for the ligand-based separation of Am3+ and Cm3+ without involving any oxidation or reduction step. The high selectivity favoring Cm3+ ion extraction in the case of this DGA derivative is also explained with the help of computational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh B Gujar
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Avinash S Kanekar
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | | | | | | | - Subba Rao Toleti
- School of Arts and Sciences, Sai University, Chennai 603104, India
| | - Richard J M Egberink
- Molecular Nanofabrication Group, MESA+ Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jurriaan Huskens
- Molecular Nanofabrication Group, MESA+ Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Willem Verboom
- Molecular Nanofabrication Group, MESA+ Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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5
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Ansari SA, Bhattacharyya A, Mohapatra PK, Verma PK, Urkude RR, Egberink RJM, Verboom W. Understanding the Complexation of Alkyl-Substituted Nitrilotriacetamides with Uranium: A Study by Absorption Spectroscopy and Microcalorimetry. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:11270-11278. [PMID: 38842429 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Complexation thermodynamics of UO22+ ions with a series of alkyl-substituted nitrilotriacetamides (NTA) was investigated by absorption spectroscopy and microcalorimetry. The hexamethyl derivative of NTA (HMNTA) forms the weakest two successive complexes with UO22+ ions with stability constants of log β11 = 3.5 ± 0.1 and log β12 = 6.1 ± 0.1. The formation constant values increased linearly with increasing alkyl chain length of the substituents from hexamethyl NTA to hexabutyl NTA (HBNTA) and to hexahexyl NTA (HHNTA). The complexation with each ligand was both enthalpy and entropy driven with exothermic enthalpy changes of ΔH11 = -14.7 ± 1.0 kJ/mol, ΔH12 = -10.2 ± 0.8 kJ/mol for HMNTA, ΔH11 = -19.2 ± 1.2 kJ/mol, ΔH12 = -16.4 ± 1.1 kJ/mol for HBNTA, and ΔH11 = -21.3 ± 1.4 kJ/mol, ΔH12 = -19.4 ± 2.3 kJ/mol for HHNTA. Similarly, the positive entropy changes with each ligand were ΔS11 = 18.1 ± 2.7 J/mol/K, ΔS12 = 82.9 ± 3.8 J/mol/K for HMNTA, ΔS11 = 14.4 ± 1.2 J/mol/K, ΔS12 = 87.2 ± 4.2 J/mol/K for HBNTA, and ΔS11 = 16.1 ± 2.4 J/mol/K, ΔS12 = 92.6 ± 3.1 J/mol/K for HHNTA. Structural features of the complex suggest the participation of two ligands coordinating in a bidentate mode via the carbonyl oxygens. The [UO2L2]2+ complexes appear to be noncentrosymmetric with two ligands and one water molecule occupying the equatorial plane of the dioxo uranyl cation. The structure of the complex was confirmed by 1H NMR titration, EXAFS measurements, and DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seraj A Ansari
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | | | | | - Parveen K Verma
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Rajashri R Urkude
- Beamline Development and Application Section, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Richard J M Egberink
- Laboratory of Molecular Nanofabrication, Department of Molecules & Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Willem Verboom
- Laboratory of Molecular Nanofabrication, Department of Molecules & Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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6
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Cao H, Kang Y, Li B, Liu Y, Bao M, Li H, Zheng Y, Wang L, Weng C, Tang X, Wang L, Xu C. Amine-Terminated Phenanthroline Diimides as Aqueous Masking Agents for Am(III)/Eu(III) Separation: An Alternative Ligand Design Strategy for Water-Soluble Lanthanide/Actinide Chelating Ligands. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:10511-10518. [PMID: 38768636 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Selective actinide coordination (from lanthanides) is critical for both nuclear waste management and sustainable development of nuclear power. Hydrophilic ligands used as masking agents to withhold actinides in the aqueous phase are currently highly pursued, while synthetic accessibility, water solubility, acid resistance, and extraction capability are the remaining problems. Most reported hydrophilic ligands are only effective at low acidity. We recently proved that the phenanthroline diimide skeleton was an efficient building block for the construction of highly efficient acid-resistant hydrophilic lanthanide/actinide separation agents, while the limited water solubility hindered the loading capability of the ligand. Herein, amine was introduced as the terminal solubilizing group onto the phenanthroline diimide backbone, which after protonation in acid showed high water solubility. The positively charged terminal amines enhanced the ligand water solubility to a large extent, which, on the other side, was believed to be detrimental for the coordination and complexation of the metal cations. We showed that by delicately adjusting the alkyl chain spacing, this intuitive disadvantage could be relieved and superior extraction performances could be achieved. This work holds significance for both hydrophilic lanthanide/actinide separation ligand design and, concurrently, offers insights into the development of water-soluble lanthanide/actinide complexes for biomedical and bioimaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Cao
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yu Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yaoyang Liu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Mingjie Bao
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Haoyu Li
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yuan Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Ludi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Chaoqun Weng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
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7
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Edirin OJ, Carrick JD. Synthesis of Fused [1,2,3]-Triazoloheteroarenes via Intramolecular Azo Annulation of N-Tosylhydrazones Catalyzed by 1,8-Diaza-bicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene. J Org Chem 2024; 89:7201-7209. [PMID: 38699812 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The structural diversity of triazoloheteroarenes render this moiety an attractive synthon for drug discovery, C-H functionalization, and complexant design for minor actinide separations. While contemporary work has demonstrated the capacity to leverage downstream functional group interconversion of the triazolopyridine, a broadly applicable method tolerant of diverse heteroaryl constructs and pendant functionality to obtain triazoloheteroarenes remains under reported. In this work, the serendipitous discovery of a metal, azide, and oxidant free transformation of various heteroaryl N-tosylhydrazones of carbaldehydes and ketones to the corresponding [1,2,3]-triazoloheteroarene via intramolecular azo annulation using a substoichiometric amount of 1,8-diaza-bicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene is described. These results substantively improve upon previous approaches offering efficient access to the described heterocycles. Discovery of reaction conditions, method optimization, complexant, pyridine, and heteroarene substrate scope, as well as relevant scale-up reactions are reported herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orume J Edirin
- Department of Chemistry, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, Tennessee 38505-0001, United States
| | - Jesse D Carrick
- Department of Chemistry, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, Tennessee 38505-0001, United States
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8
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Chen YM, Wang CZ, Zhang L, Wu QY, Lan JH, Chai ZF, Shi WQ. Theoretical insights into selective extraction of Am(III) from Cm(III) and Eu(III) with asymmetric N-heterocyclic ligands. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:7406-7413. [PMID: 38587851 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03965j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Separation of lanthanide (Ln) and minor actinide (MA) elements and mutual separation between minor actinide elements (e.g. Am(III) and Cm(III)) represent a crucial undertaking. However, separating these elements poses a significant challenge owing to their highly similar physicochemical properties. Asymmetric N-heterocyclic ligands such as N-ethyl-6-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-N-(p-tolyl)picolinamide (Et-p-Tol-A-PzPy) and N-ethyl-N-(p-tolyl)-1,10-phenanthroline-2-carboxamide (ETPhenAm) have recently received considerable attention in the separation of MAs over Ln from acid solutions. By changing the central skeleton structures of these ligands and introducing substituents with different properties on the side chains, their complexation behavior with Am(III), Cm(III), and Eu(III) may be affected. In this work, we explore four different asymmetric N-containing heterocyclic ligands, namely Et-p-Tol-A-PzPy (L1), N-ethyl-6'-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-N-(p-tolyl)-[2,2'-bipyridine]-6-carboxamide (L2), N-ethyl-9-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-N-(p-tolyl)-1,10-phenanthroline-2-carboxamide (L3), and ETPhenAm (L4) using density functional theory (DFT). The calculated results demonstrate the potential of ligands L1-L4 for the extraction and separation of Am(III), Cm(III), and Eu(III). Ligand analysis shows that ligand L3 binds more easily to the central metal atom, in line with the stronger extraction capacity of L3. In spite of the higher covalence between the side chain and the central metal atom for complexes with L1-L3, the main chain seems to control the stability of the extraction complexes. The preorganized 1,10-phenanthroline backbone also further enhances the extraction performance of L3 and L4. The difference in coordination ability between the side chain donors of these ligands and metal ions may affect their separation efficiency. This work presents theoretical insights into synthesizing novel ligands for separating trivalent actinides by adjusting N-heterocyclic ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Mei Chen
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Cong-Zhi Wang
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Qun-Yan Wu
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jian-Hui Lan
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Zhi-Fang Chai
- Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Wei-Qun Shi
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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9
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Pu N, Archer E, He X, Chen J, Rao L, Shafer JC, Yang P, Xu C. Tuning Selectivity to f-Elements through Bonding and Solvation Effects of a Sulfur Donor Ligand. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:6845-6853. [PMID: 38568878 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)dithiophosphinic acid, commonly referred to as HBTMPDTP or Cyanex301, is a sulfur-donating ligand that shows considerable promise in the challenging task of separating trivalent actinides (An3+) from lanthanides (Ln3+). Although its effectiveness has been established, the specific molecular details about the preference of HBTMPDTP for americium over europium have remained a mystery, puzzling researchers for over two decades. This study presents a comprehensive, dual-driven separation mechanism for this complex system combining experimental and theoretical approaches. A critical finding is the increased covalency in An-S bonds compared to Ln-S bonds, which plays a significant role in HBTMPDTP's intrinsic selectivity for An3+ over Ln3+. This leads to the formation of distinct An3+ and Ln3+ species, enhancing the ligand's actinide selectivity. Additionally, it provides crucial insights into the coordination chemistry of f-elements with sulfur-donating ligands, thereby deepening our understanding of this intricate field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Pu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Emma Archer
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Xihong He
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Linfeng Rao
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jenifer C Shafer
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Ping Yang
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Chao Xu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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10
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Fletcher LS, Tedder ML, Olayiwola SO, Joyner NA, Mason MM, Oliver AG, Ensor DD, Dixon DA, Carrick JD. Next-Generation 3,3'-AlkoxyBTPs as Complexants for Minor Actinide Separation from Lanthanides: A Comprehensive Separations, Spectroscopic, and DFT Study. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:4819-4827. [PMID: 38437739 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Progress toward the closure of the nuclear fuel cycle can be achieved if satisfactory separation strategies for the chemoselective speciation of the trivalent actinides from the lanthanides are realized in a nonproliferative manner. Since Kolarik's initial report on the utility of bis-1,2,4-triazinyl-2,6-pyridines (BTPs) in 1999, a perfect complexant-based, liquid-liquid separation system has yet to be realized. In this report, a comprehensive performance assessment for the separation of 241Am3+ from 154Eu3+ as a model system for spent nuclear fuel using hydrocarbon-actuated alkoxy-BTP complexants is described. These newly discovered complexants realize gains that contemporary aryl-substituted BTPs have yet to achieve, specifically: long-term stability in highly concentrated nitric acid solutions relevant to the low pH of unprocessed spent nuclear fuel, high DAm over DEu in the economical, nonpolar diluent Exxal-8, and the demonstrated capacity to complete the separation cycle with high efficiency by depositing the chelated An3+ to the aqueous layer via decomplexation of the metal-ligand complex. These soft-N-donor BTPs are hypothesized to function as bipolar complexants, effectively traversing the organic/aqueous interface for effective chelation and bound metal/ligand complex solubility. Complexant design, separation assays, spectroscopic analysis, single-crystal X-ray crystallographic data, and DFT calculations are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesta S Fletcher
- Department of Chemistry, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, Tennessee 38505-0001, United States
| | - Mariah L Tedder
- Department of Chemistry, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, Tennessee 38505-0001, United States
| | - Samiat O Olayiwola
- Department of Chemistry, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, Tennessee 38505-0001, United States
| | - Nickolas A Joyner
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Marcos M Mason
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Allen G Oliver
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46656, United States
| | - Dale D Ensor
- Department of Chemistry, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, Tennessee 38505-0001, United States
| | - David A Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Jesse D Carrick
- Department of Chemistry, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, Tennessee 38505-0001, United States
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11
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Xiu T, Liu L, Liu S, Shehzad H, Liang Y, Zhang M, Ye G, Jiao C, Yuan L, Shi W. Complexation and extraction of trivalent actinides over lanthanides using highly soluble phenanthroline diamide ligands with different side chains. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133508. [PMID: 38228009 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Although phenanthroline diamide ligands have been widely reported, their limited solubility in organic solvents and poor performance in the separation of trivalent actinides (An(III)) and lanthanides (Ln(III)) at high acidity are still clear demerits. In this study, we designed and synthesized three highly soluble phenanthroline diamide ligands with different side chains. By introducing alkyl chains and ester groups, the ligands solubility in 3-nitrotrifluorotoluene is increased to over 600 mmol/L, significantly higher than the previous reported phenanthroline diamide ligands. Based on anomalous aryl strengthening, benzene ring was incorporated to enhance ligand selectivity toward Am(III). Extraction experiments demonstrated favorable selectivity of all the three ligands towards Am(III). The optimal separation factor (SFAm/Eu) reaches 53 at 4 mol/L HNO3, representing one of the most effective separation of An(III) over Ln(III) under high acidity. Slope analysis, single crystal structure analysis, as well as titration of ultraviolet visible spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonanc confirmed the formation of 1:1 and 1:2 complex species between the metal ions and the ligands depending on the molar ratio of metal ions in the reaction mixture. The findings of this study offer valuable insights for developing phenanthroline diamide ligands for An(III)/Ln(III) separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taoyuan Xiu
- College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - Likun Liu
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - Siyan Liu
- College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Hamza Shehzad
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liang
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Guoan Ye
- College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China.
| | - Caishan Jiao
- College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Liyong Yuan
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Weiqun Shi
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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12
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Bai Z, Scheibe B, Sperling JM, Beck NB, Brannon JP, Gomez Martinez D, Rotermund BM, Albrecht-Schönzart TE. Transformation of Mononuclear Plutonium(III) Tetrazolate Complexes into Dinuclear Complexes in the Solid State. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:1266-1273. [PMID: 38165641 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
The salt metathesis reaction of Na(pmtz)·H2O [pmtz- = 5-(pyrimidyl)tetrazolate] and PuBr3·nH2O in an aqueous media leads to the formation of the mononuclear compound [Pu(pmtz)3(H2O)3]·(3 + n) H2O (Pu1, n = ∼8) that is isotypic with the lanthanide compounds [Ln(pmtz)3(H2O)3]·(3 + n) H2O (Ln = Ce-Nd). Dissolution and recrystallization of Pu1 in water yields the dinuclear compound {[Pu(pmtz)2(H2O)3]2(μ-pmtz)}2(pmtz)2·14H2O (Pu2), which is isotypic with the lanthanide compounds {[Ln(pmtz)2(H2O)3]2(μ-pmtz)}2(pmtz)2·14H2O (Ln = Nd and Sm). Like their nine-coordinate ionic radii, the M-O and M-N bond lengths in Pu1/Pu2 and Nd1/Nd2, respectively, are within error of one another. The Laporte-forbidden 4f → 4f and 5f → 5f transitions are also assigned in the UV-vis-NIR spectra for these f-element tetrazolate coordination compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuanling Bai
- Department of Chemistry and Nuclear Science & Engineering Center, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Benjamin Scheibe
- Department of Chemistry and Nuclear Science & Engineering Center, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Joseph M Sperling
- Department of Chemistry and Nuclear Science & Engineering Center, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Nicholas B Beck
- Department of Chemistry and Nuclear Science & Engineering Center, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Jacob P Brannon
- Department of Chemistry and Nuclear Science & Engineering Center, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Daniela Gomez Martinez
- Department of Chemistry and Nuclear Science & Engineering Center, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Brian M Rotermund
- Department of Chemistry and Nuclear Science & Engineering Center, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Thomas E Albrecht-Schönzart
- Department of Chemistry and Nuclear Science & Engineering Center, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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13
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Wang H, Gao P, Cui T, Wang D, Liu J, He H, Chen Z, Jin Q, Guo Z. New asymmetric tetradentate phenanthroline chelators with pyrazole and amide groups for complexation and solvent extraction of Ln(III)/Am(III). Dalton Trans 2024; 53:601-611. [PMID: 38063670 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03194b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
To tune the complexation and solvent extraction performance of the ligands with a 1,10-phenanthroline core for trivalent actinides (An3+) and lanthanides (Ln3+), we synthesized two new asymmetric tetradentate ligands with pyrazole and amide groups, i.e., L1 (N,N-diethyl-9-(5-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline-2-carboxamide) and its analogue L2 with longer alkyl chains (N,N-dihexyl). The complexation of the ligands with Ln3+ was confirmed by 1H NMR titration and X-ray crystallography, and stability constants were measured in methanol by spectrophotometric titration. The asymmetric ligands exhibited an improved performance in terms of selective solvent extraction of Am3+ over Eu3+ in strongly acidic solutions compared to their symmetric analogues. The improved selectivity of the asymmetric ligands was interpreted theoretically by density functional theory simulations. This study implies that combining different functional groups to construct asymmetric ligands may be an efficient way to tune ligand performance with regard to An3+ separation from Ln3+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haolong Wang
- Frontier Science Center for Rare Isotopes; School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Pengyuan Gao
- Frontier Science Center for Rare Isotopes; School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Tengfei Cui
- Frontier Science Center for Rare Isotopes; School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Dongqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Laboratory for Catalytic Conversion of Carbon Resources, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jinping Liu
- Radiochemistry Department, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - Hui He
- Radiochemistry Department, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - Zongyuan Chen
- Frontier Science Center for Rare Isotopes; School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Qiang Jin
- Frontier Science Center for Rare Isotopes; School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Zhijun Guo
- Frontier Science Center for Rare Isotopes; School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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14
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Xu C, Liu T, Liu Q, Yang S, Li D, Tian G. Complexation of Am(III) and Eu(III) with DRAPA ( N, N-dialkyl-6-amide-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid). Dalton Trans 2023; 52:15669-15671. [PMID: 37667654 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02319b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The similarity of the coordination chemistry of Am(III) and Eu(III) and two homologous tridentate ligands, N,N-di-2-ethylhexyl-6-amide-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (DEHAPA, HL') in solvent extraction and N,N-dimethyl-6-amide-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (DMAPA, HL) in aqueous solution and in the solid state, is revealed structurally and spectroscopically with complexes ML'3 (org), ML3 (aq) and ML3 (s), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xu
- College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China.
| | - Tingting Liu
- College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China.
- Department of Radiochemistry, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China.
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Radiochemistry, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China.
| | - Suliang Yang
- Department of Radiochemistry, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China.
| | - Dingming Li
- Department of Radiochemistry, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China.
| | - Guoxin Tian
- College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China.
- Department of Radiochemistry, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China.
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15
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Quintero MA, Pournara AD, Godsel R, Li Z, Panuganti S, Zhou X, Wolverton C, Kanatzidis MG. Metal Sulfide Ion Exchangers: High Acid Stability of Na 2xMg 2y-xSn 4-yS 8 (NMS) and Topotactic Conversion to 2D Solid Acids with Semiconducting Character. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:15971-15982. [PMID: 37721531 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Metal sulfide ion exchange materials (MSIEs) are of interest for nuclear waste remediation applications. We report the high stability of two structurally related metal sulfide ion exchange materials, Na2xMg2y-xSn4-yS8 (Mg-NMS) and Na2SnS3 (Na-NMS), in strongly acid media, in addition to the preparation of Na2xNi2y-xSn4-yS8 (Ni-NMS). Their formation progress during synthesis is studied with in-situ methods, with the target phases appearing in <15 min, reaction completion in <12 h, and high yields (75-80%). Upon contact with nitric or hydrochloric acid, these materials topotactically exchange Na+ for H+, proceeding in a stepwise protonation pathway for Na5.33Sn2.67S8. Na-NMS is stable in 2 M HNO3 and Mg-NMS is stable in 4 M HNO3 for up to 4 h, while both NMS materials are stable in 6 M HCl for up to 4 days. However, the treatment of Mg-NMS and Na-NMS with 2-6 M H2SO4 reveals a much slower protonation process since after 4 h of contact both NMS and HMS are present in the solution. The resultant protonated materials, H2xMg2y-xSn4-yS8 and H4x[(HyNay-1)1.33xSn4--1.33x]S8, are themselves solid acids and readily react with and intercalate a variety of organic amines, where the band gap of the resultant adduct is influenced by amine choice and can be tuned within the range of 1.88(5)-2.27(5) eV. The work function energy values for all materials were extracted from photoemission yield spectroscopy in air (PYSA) measurements and range from 5.47 (2) to 5.76 (2) eV, and the relative band alignments of the materials are discussed. DFT calculations suggest that the electronic structure of Na2MgSn3S8 and H2MgSn3S8 makes them indirect gap semiconductors with multi-valley band edges, with carriers confined to the [MgSn3S8]2- layers. Light electron effective masses indicate high electron mobilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Quintero
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Anastasia D Pournara
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Richard Godsel
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zhi Li
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Shobhana Panuganti
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xiuquan Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Christopher Wolverton
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Mercouri G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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16
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Pu N, Xu C, Chen J. Probing Substituent Effect on Nickel-Sulfur Bond Covalency in Ni(II)-Dithiophosphinate Complexes by Sulfur K-Edge XAS and DFT Calculations. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:15565-15574. [PMID: 37700628 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Complexes of Ni(II) with a series of aryl or alkyl substituent dithiophosphinic acids were characterized by crystallographic structure, sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and density functional theory (DFT). In these complexes, Ni(II) coordinates with four sulfur atoms from two dithiophosphinate anions form a well-defined square-planar structure. Despite the minor differences in the geometry parameters among the complexes, the electronic structure is affected significantly by the substituent group attached to dithiophosphinic acid. In particular, the addition of ortho-CF3 group to the aryl ring constrains the orientation of the aryl ring and enhances the conjugation between the aryl ring and the coordinating core. Sulfur K-edge XAS spectra help further reveal the electronic structure of the complexes. Both the pre-edge feature and rising-edge feature provide abundant information on the molecular orbitals and show a distinctive effect of the substituent groups on the electronic structure of the complexes, which is supposedly relevant to the ligand's performance in Ln(III)/An(III) separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Pu
- Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co. Ltd., Beijing 100083, China
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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17
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Wang Q, Liu Z, Song YF, Wang D. Recent Advances in the Study of Trivalent Lanthanides and Actinides by Phosphinic and Thiophosphinic Ligands in Condensed Phases. Molecules 2023; 28:6425. [PMID: 37687254 PMCID: PMC10489984 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The separation of trivalent actinides and lanthanides is a key step in the sustainable development of nuclear energy, and it is currently mainly realized via liquid-liquid extraction techniques. The underlying mechanism is complicated and remains ambiguous, which hinders the further development of extraction. Herein, to better understand the mechanism of the extraction, the contributing factors for the extraction are discussed (specifically, the sulfur-donating ligand, Cyanex301) by combing molecular dynamics simulations and experiments. This work is expected to contribute to improve our systematic understanding on a molecular scale of the extraction of lanthanides and actinides, and to assist in the extensive studies on the design and optimization of novel ligands with improved performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Laboratory for Catalytic Conversion of Carbon Resources, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China;
| | - Ziyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Laboratory for Catalytic Conversion of Carbon Resources, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China;
| | - Yu-Fei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China;
| | - Dongqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Laboratory for Catalytic Conversion of Carbon Resources, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China;
- CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment, Multidisciplinary Initiative Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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18
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Wingering PMR, Hohnstein S, Krämer F, Dilanas MEA, Ruiz-Martínez C, Fernández I, Breher F. Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Ion Pairing of κ 6 N Complexes with Rare-Earth Elements in the Solid State and in Solution. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301529. [PMID: 37294063 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The rare earth element complexes (Ln=Y, La, Sm, Lu, Ce) of several podant κ6 N-coordinating ligands have been synthetized and thoroughly characterized. The structural properties of the complexes have been investigated by X-ray diffraction in the solid state and by advanced NMR methods in solution. To estimate the donor capabilities of the presented ligands, an experimental comparison study has been conducted by cyclic voltammetry as well as absorption experiments using the cerium complexes and by analyzing 89 Y NMR chemical shifts of the different yttrium complexes. In order to obtain a complete and detailed picture, all experiments were corroborated by state-of-the-art quantum chemical calculations. Finally, coordination competition studies have been carried out by means of 1 H and 31 P NMR spectroscopy to investigate the correlation with donor properties and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perrine M R Wingering
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Silvia Hohnstein
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Felix Krämer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Melina E A Dilanas
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Cristina Ruiz-Martínez
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, University of Almería Carretera de Sacramento s/n, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Ignacio Fernández
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, University of Almería Carretera de Sacramento s/n, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Frank Breher
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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19
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Su J, Gong Y, Batista ER, Lucena AF, Maria L, Marçalo J, Van Stipdonk MJ, Berden G, Martens J, Oomens J, Gibson JK, Yang P. Unusual Actinyl Complexes with a Redox-Active N,S-Donor Ligand. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37390399 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the fundamental chemistry of soft N,S-donor ligands with actinides across the series is critical for separation science toward sustainable nuclear energy. This task is particularly challenging when the ligands are redox active. We herein report a series of actinyl complexes with a N,S-donor redox-active ligand that stabilizes different oxidation states across the actinide series. These complexes are isolated and characterized in the gas phase, along with high-level electronic structure studies. The redox-active N,S-donor ligand in the products, C5H4NS, acts as a monoanion in [UVIO2(C5H4NS-)]+ but as a neutral radical with unpaired electrons localized on the sulfur atom in [NpVO2(C5H4NS•)]+ and [PuVO2(C5H4NS•)]+, resulting in different oxidation states for uranium and transuranic elements. This is rationalized by considering the relative energy levels of actinyl(VI) 5f orbitals and S 3p lone pair orbitals of the C5H4NS- ligand and the cooperativity between An-N and An-S bonds that provides additional stability for the transuranic elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Su
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yu Gong
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Enrique R Batista
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Ana F Lucena
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Leonor Maria
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Joaquim Marçalo
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Michael J Van Stipdonk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, United States
| | - Giel Berden
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld 7c, 6525ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Martens
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Oomens
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld 7c, 6525ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John K Gibson
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ping Yang
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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20
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Augustine LJ, Kasper JM, Forbes TZ, Mason SE, Batista ER, Yang P. Influencing Bonding Interactions of the Neptunyl (V, VI) Cations with Electron-Donating and -Withdrawing Groups. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:6055-6064. [PMID: 37000037 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Neptunium makes up the largest percentage of minor actinides found in spent nuclear fuel, yet separations of this element have proven difficult due to its rich redox chemistry. Developing new reprocessing techniques should rely on understanding how to control the Np oxidation state and its interactions with different ligands. Designing new ligands for separations requires understanding how to properly tune a system toward a desired trait through functionalization. Emerging technologies for minor actinide separations focus on ligands containing carboxylate or pyridine functional groups, which are desirable due to their high degree of functionalization. Here, we use DFT calculations to study the interactions of carboxylate and polypyridine ligands with the neptunyl cation [Np(V/VI)O2]+/2+. A systematic study is performed by varying the electronic properties of the carboxylate and polypyridine ligands through the inclusion of different electron-withdrawing and electron-donating R groups. We focus on how these groups can affect geometric properties, electronic structure, and bonding characterization as a function of the metal oxidation state and ligand character and discuss how these factors can play a role in neptunium ligand design principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan J Augustine
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52245, United States
| | - Joseph M Kasper
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Tori Z Forbes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52245, United States
| | - Sara E Mason
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52245, United States
| | - Enrique R Batista
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Ping Yang
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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21
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Gujar RB, Ansari SA, Mohapatra PK, Egberink RJM, Huskens J, Verboom W. Highly Efficient Extraction Chromatography Resin Containing Hexa- n-Octyl Nitrilotriacetamide (HONTA) for Selective Recovery of Plutonium from Acidic Feeds. Ind Eng Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c04516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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22
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Zou Y, Lan JH, Yuan LY, Wang CZ, Wu QY, Chai ZF, Ren P, Shi WQ. Theoretical Insights into the Selectivity of Hydrophilic Sulfonated and Phosphorylated Ligands to Am(III) and Eu(III) Ions. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:4581-4589. [PMID: 36935646 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
The separation of lanthanides and actinides has attracted great attention in spent nuclear fuel reprocessing up to date. In addition, liquid-liquid extraction is a feasible and useful way to separate An(III) from Ln(III) based on their relative solubilities in two different immiscible liquids. The hydrophilic bipyridine- and phenanthroline-based nitrogen-chelating ligands show excellent performance in separation of Am(III) and Eu(III) as reported previously. To profoundly explore the separation mechanism, herein, we first of all designed four hydrophilic sulfonated and phosphorylated ligands L1, L2, L3, and L4 based on the bipyridine and phenanthroline backbones. In addition, we studied the structures of these ligands and their neutral complexes [ML(NO3)3] (M = Am, Eu) as well as the thermodynamic properties of complexing reactions through the scalar relativistic density functional theory. According to the changes of the Gibbs free energy for the back-extraction reactions, the phenanthroline-based ligands L2 and L4 have stronger complexing capacity for both Am(III) and Eu(III) ions while the phosphorylated ligand L3 with the bipyridine framework has the highest Am(III)/Eu(III) selectivity. In addition, the charge decomposition analysis revealed a higher degree of charge transfer from the ligand to Am(III), suggesting stronger donor-acceptor interactions in the Am(III) complexes. This study can provide theoretical insights into the separation of actinide(III)/lanthanide(III) using hydrophilic sulfonated and phosphorylated N-donor ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zou
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China.,Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jian-Hui Lan
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Li-Yong Yuan
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cong-Zhi Wang
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qun-Yan Wu
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Fang Chai
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peng Ren
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China
| | - Wei-Qun Shi
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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23
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Wang Y, Yang Y, Wu Y, Li J, Hu B, Cai Y, Yuan L, Feng W. Selective Complexation and Separation of Uranium(VI) from Thorium(IV) with New Tetradentate N,O-Hybrid Diamide Ligands: Synthesis, Extraction, Spectroscopy, and Crystallographic Studies. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:4922-4933. [PMID: 36919932 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
An unmet challenge in the thorium-uranium fuel cycle is the efficient separation of uranium from thorium. Herein, two new tetradentate N,O-hybrid ligands, N,N'-diethyl-N,N'-di-p-tolyl-2,2'-bipyridine-6,6'-dicarboxamide (Et-Tol-BPDA) and N,N'-diethyl-N,N'-di-p-tolyl-2,2'-bipyrimidine-4,4'-dicarboxamide (Et-Tol-BPymDA), comprising a bipyridine or bipyrimidine core and amide moieties were designed and synthesized for selectively complexing and separating U(VI) from Th(IV). The high U(VI)/Th(IV) extraction selectivity was achieved by Et-Tol-BPDA (SFU/Th = 33 at 3 M HNO3) and Et-Tol-BPymDA (SFU/Th = 73 at 3 M HNO3) in nitric acid solutions. The extraction process for U(VI) or Th(IV) with these two ligands primarily proceeded through the solvation mechanism, as evidenced by slope analyses. Thermodynamic studies for the extraction of U(VI) and Th(IV) revealed a spontaneous process. Results from UV-vis spectroscopic titration and slope analyses demonstrated that U(VI) and Th(IV) each form a 1:1 complex with the two ligands both in the monophasic organic solution and the biphasic extraction system. The stability constants of the 1:1 complexes of Et-Tol-BPDA or Et-Tol-BPymDA with U(VI) were found to be larger than those with Th(IV), which coincide well with the high U(VI)/Th(IV) extraction selectivity. The solid-state structures of Et-Tol-BPDA, Et-Tol-BPymDA, and 1:1 complexes of the two ligands with U(VI) or Th(IV) were analyzed by X-ray diffraction technique. The results from this work implicate the potential of bipyridine- and bipyrimidine-derived diamide ligands for uranium/thorium separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yuxiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yijie Wu
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jin Li
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Bowen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yimin Cai
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Lihua Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Wen Feng
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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24
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Naseri S, Mirzakhani M, Besnard C, Guénée L, Briant L, Nozary H, Piguet C. Preorganized Polyaromatic Soft Terdentate Hosts for the Capture of [Ln(β-diketonate) 3 ] Guests in Solution. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202727. [PMID: 36285628 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The concept of preorganization is famous in coordination chemistry for having transformed flexible bidentate 2,2'-bipyridine scaffolds into rigid 1,10-phenanthroline platforms. The resulting boosted affinities for d-block cations has successfully paved the way for the design of a wealth of functional complexes, devices and materials for analysis and optics. Its extension toward terdentate homologues adapted for the selective complexation of f-block cations with larger coordination numbers remains more overlooked. The resulting rigidification of 2,6-bis(1-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)pyridine ligands (L1-L7) produces the highly preorganized and extended polyaromatic benzo[4',5']imidazo[1',2' : 1,2]pyrido[3,4-b]benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-h][1,7]naphthyridines (L8-L11) receptors, which offer some novel and rare opportunities for efficiently complexing trivalent lanthanides with polyaromatic soft terimine ligands. The crystal structures of the stable heteroleptic [LkLn(hfac)3 ] adducts (Lk=L1, L8, L9; Ln=La, Eu, Gd, Er, Yb, Y; H-hfac=1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoropentane-2,4-dione) show a drastic decrease in the Ln-N bond valences upon replacement of the flexible ligand L1 with its preorganized counterparts L8 and L9. This points to a limited match between the preorganized cavity and the entering [Ln(hfac)3 ] lanthanide containers. However, thermodynamic studies conducted in dichloromethane reach the opposite conclusion, with an improved affinity, by up to three orders of magnitude for catching Ln(hfac)3 when L1 is replaced by the preorganized L8-L9 receptors. The key to the enigma lies in the removal of the energy penalty which accompanies the formation of flexible [L1Ln(hfac)3 ] complexes in solution. This driving force overcomes the poor match between the preorganized terdentate N∩ N∩ N cavity in L8 and L9 and the size of trivalent lanthanides. As planned, the rigid, planar and extended π-conjugated system found in L8 and L9 shifts the ligand-centered absorption bands by about 5000 cm-1 toward lower energies, a crucial point if these stable [L8Ln(hfac)3 ] and [L9Ln(hfac)3 ] platforms have to be considered for the visible sensitization of luminescent lanthanides in metallopolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soroush Naseri
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 quai E. Ansermet, CH-1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Mohsen Mirzakhani
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 quai E. Ansermet, CH-1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Céline Besnard
- Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Geneva, 24 quai E. Ansermet, CH-1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Laure Guénée
- Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Geneva, 24 quai E. Ansermet, CH-1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Liza Briant
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 quai E. Ansermet, CH-1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Homayoun Nozary
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 quai E. Ansermet, CH-1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Claude Piguet
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 quai E. Ansermet, CH-1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
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25
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Song L, Wang X, Li L, Wang Z, He L, Li Q, Pan Q, Ding S. A Novel Type of Tetradentate Dipyridyl-Derived Bis(pyrazole) Ligands for Highly Efficient and Selective Extraction of Am 3+ Over Eu 3+ From HNO 3 Solution. SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND ION EXCHANGE 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/07366299.2023.2173014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lianjun Song
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xueyu Wang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Long Li
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Zhuang Wang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Lanlan He
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Qiuju Li
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Qingjiang Pan
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Songdong Ding
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
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26
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Lei XP, Wu QY, Wang CZ, Lan JH, Chai ZF, Nie CM, Shi WQ. Theoretical Insights into the Substitution Effect of Phenanthroline Derivatives on Am(III)/Eu(III) Separation. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:2705-2714. [PMID: 36724403 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Separation of trivalent actinides (An(III)) and lanthanides (Ln(III)) poses a huge challenge in the reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel due to their similar chemical properties. N,N'-Diethyl-N,N'-ditolyl-2,9-diamide-1,10-phenanthroline (Et-Tol-DAPhen) is a potential ligand for the extraction of An(III) from Ln(III), while there are still few reports on the effect of its substituent including electron-withdrawing and electron-donating groups on An(III)/Ln(III) separation. Herein, the interaction of Et-Tol-DAPhen ligands modified by the electron-withdrawing groups (CF3, Br) and electron-donating groups (OH) with Am(III)/Eu(III) ions was investigated using scalar relativistic density functional theory (DFT). The analyses of bond order, quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM), and molecular orbital (MO) indicate that the substitution groups have a slight effect on the electronic structures of the [M(L-X)(NO3)3] (X = CF3, Br, OH) complexes. However, the thermodynamic results suggest that a ligand with the electron-donating group (L-OH) improves the extraction ability of metal ions, and the ligand modified by the electron-withdrawing group (L-Br) has the best Am(III)/Eu(III) selectivity. This work could render new insights into understanding the effect of electron-withdrawing and electron-donating groups in tuning the selectivity of Et-Tol-DAPhen derivatives and pave the way for designing new ligands modified by substituted groups with better extraction ability and An(III)/Ln(III) selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia-Ping Lei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.,Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qun-Yan Wu
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cong-Zhi Wang
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jian-Hui Lan
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Fang Chai
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chang-Ming Nie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Wei-Qun Shi
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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27
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Wang YL, Li FF, Xiao Z, Wang CZ, Liu Y, Shi WQ, He H. Experimental and theoretical studies on the extraction behavior of Cf(iii) by NTAamide(C8) ligand and the separation of Cf(iii)/Cm(iii). RSC Adv 2023; 13:3781-3791. [PMID: 36756586 PMCID: PMC9890634 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07660h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work we studied the extraction behaviors of Cf(iii) by NTAamide (N,N,N',N',N'',N''-hexaocactyl-nitrilotriacetamide, C8) in nitric acid medium. Influencing factors such as contact time, concentration of NTAamide(C8), HNO3 and NO3 - as well as temperature were considered. The slope analysis showed that Cf(iii) should be coordinated in the form of neutral molecules, and the extraction complex should be Cf(NO3)3·2L (L = NTAamide(C8)), which can achieve better extraction effect under the low acidity condition. When the concentration of HNO3 was 0.1 mol L-1, the separation factor (SFCf/Cm) was 3.34. The extractant has application prospect to differentiate the trivalent Cf(iii) and Cm(iii) when the concentration of nitric acid is low. On the other hand, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were conducted to explore the coordination mechanism of NTAamide(C8) ligands with Cf/Cm cations. The NTAamide(C8) complexes of Cf(iii)/Cm(iii) have similar geometric structures, and An(iii) is more likely to form a complex with 1 : 2 stoichiometry (metal ion/ligands). In addition, bonding property and thermodynamics analyses showed that NTAamide(C8) ligands had stronger coordination ability with Cf(iii) over Cm(iii). Our work provides meaningful information with regard to the in-group separation of An(iii) in practical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lin Wang
- Department of Radiochemistry, China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 P. R. China
| | - Feng-Feng Li
- Department of Radiochemistry, China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 P. R. China
| | - Zhe Xiao
- Department of Radiochemistry, China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 P. R. China
| | - Cong-Zhi Wang
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Wei-Qun Shi
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Hui He
- Department of Radiochemistry, China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 P. R. China
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28
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Chattaraj S, Bhattacharyya A. Bonding of isovalent homologous actinide and lanthanide pairs with chalcogenide donors: effect of metal f-orbital participation and donor softness. Struct Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-022-02094-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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29
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Fetrow TV, Zgrabik J, Bhowmick R, Eckstrom FD, Crull G, Vlaisavljevich B, Daly SR. Quantifying the Influence of Covalent Metal-Ligand Bonding on Differing Reactivity of Trivalent Uranium and Lanthanide Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202211145. [PMID: 36097137 PMCID: PMC9828012 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202211145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Qualitative differences in the reactivity of trivalent lanthanide and actinide complexes have long been attributed to differences in covalent metal-ligand bonding, but there are few examples where thermodynamic aspects of this relationship have been quantified, especially with U3+ and in the absence of competing variables. Here we report a series of dimeric phosphinodiboranate complexes with trivalent f-metals that show how shorter-than-expected U-B distances indicative of increased covalency give rise to measurable differences in solution deoligomerization reactivity when compared to isostructural complexes with similarly sized lanthanides. These results, which are in excellent agreement with supporting DFT and QTAIM calculations, afford rare experimental evidence concerning the measured effect of variations in metal-ligand covalency on the reactivity of trivalent uranium and lanthanide complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor V. Fetrow
- Department of ChemistryThe University of IowaE331 Chemistry BuildingIowa CityIA 52242USA
| | - Joshua Zgrabik
- Department of ChemistryThe University of IowaE331 Chemistry BuildingIowa CityIA 52242USA
| | - Rina Bhowmick
- Department of ChemistryThe University of South Dakota414 East Clark StreetVermillionSouth Dakota57069USA
| | - Francesca D. Eckstrom
- Department of ChemistryThe University of IowaE331 Chemistry BuildingIowa CityIA 52242USA
| | - George Crull
- Department of ChemistryThe University of IowaE331 Chemistry BuildingIowa CityIA 52242USA
| | - Bess Vlaisavljevich
- Department of ChemistryThe University of South Dakota414 East Clark StreetVermillionSouth Dakota57069USA
| | - Scott R. Daly
- Department of ChemistryThe University of IowaE331 Chemistry BuildingIowa CityIA 52242USA
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30
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Gulledge ZZ, Duda DP, Dixon DA, Carrick JD. Microwave-Assisted, Metal- and Azide-Free Synthesis of Functionalized Heteroaryl-1,2,3-triazoles via Oxidative Cyclization of N-Tosylhydrazones and Anilines. J Org Chem 2022; 87:12632-12643. [PMID: 36126149 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
As the search for competent soft-Lewis basic complexants for separations continues to evolve toward identification of a chemoselective moiety for speciation of the minor actinides from the electronically similar lanthanides, synthetic methods must congruently evolve. Synthetic options to convergently construct unsymmetric heteroaryl donor complexants incorporating a 1,2,3-triazole from accessible starting materials for evaluation in separation assays necessitated the development of the described methodology. In this report, metal- and azide-free synthesis of diversely functionalized pyridyl-1,2,3-triazole derivatives facilitated by microwave irradiation was leveraged to prepare a novel class of tridentate ligands. The described work negates the incorporation of thermally sensitive and toxic organoazides by using N-tosylhydrazones and anilines as viable synthetic equivalents in an efficient 12 min reaction time. Adaptation to alternative synthons useful for drug discovery was also realized. Method discovery, optimization, N-tosylhydrazone and aniline substrate scope, as well as a preliminary mechanistic hypotheses supported by DFT calculations are reported herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Z Gulledge
- Department of Chemistry, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, Tennessee 38505-0001, United States
| | - Damian P Duda
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - David A Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Jesse D Carrick
- Department of Chemistry, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, Tennessee 38505-0001, United States
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31
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Han Q, Zhang X, Jia Y, Guo S, Zhu J, Luo S, Na N, Ouyang J. Synthesis and Characteristics of Self‐Assembled Multifunctional Ln
3+
‐DNA Hybrid Coordination Polymers. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200281. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhi Han
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry College of Chemistry Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
| | - Xinlian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry College of Chemistry Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
| | - Yijing Jia
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry College of Chemistry Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
| | - Shaoshi Guo
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry College of Chemistry Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
| | - Jiale Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry College of Chemistry Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
| | - Shirui Luo
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry College of Chemistry Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
| | - Na Na
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry College of Chemistry Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
| | - Jin Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry College of Chemistry Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
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32
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Burk J, Sikk L, Tämm K, Burk P. Comparative DFT study of americium and europium complexation with 2,9-bis(1,2-diazin-3-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline ligand in gas phase. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2022.113786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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33
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Zhang X, Adelman SL, Arko BT, De Silva CR, Su J, Kozimor SA, Mocko V, Shafer JC, Stein BW, Schreckenbach G, Batista ER, Yang P. Advancing the Am Extractant Design through the Interplay among Planarity, Preorganization, and Substitution Effects. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:11556-11570. [PMID: 35866884 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Advancing the field of chemical separations is important for nearly every area of science and technology. Some of the most challenging separations are associated with the americium ion Am(III) for its extraction in the nuclear fuel cycle, 241Am production for industrial usage, and environmental cleanup efforts. Herein, we study a series of extractants, using first-principle calculations, to identify the electronic properties that preferentially influence Am(III) binding in separations. As the most used extractant family and because it affords a high degree of functionalization, the polypyridyl family of extractants is chosen to study the effects of the planarity of the structure, preorganization of coordinating atoms, and substitution of various functional groups. The actinyl ions are used as a structurally simplified surrogate model to quickly screen the most promising candidates that can separate these metal ions. The down-selected extractants are then tested for the Am(III)/Eu(III) system. Our results show that π interactions, especially those between the central terpyridine ring and Am(III), play a crucial role in separation. Adding an electron-donating group onto the terpyridine backbone increases the binding energies to Am(III) and stabilizes Am-terpyridine coordination. Increasing the planarity of the extractant increases the binding strength as well, although this effect is found to be rather weak. Preorganizing the coordinating atoms of an extractant to their binding configuration as in the bound metal complex speeds up the binding process and significantly improves the kinetics of the separation process. This conclusion is validated by the synthesized 1,2-dihydrodipyrido[4,3-b;5,6-b]acridine (13) extractant, a preorganized derivative of the terpyridine extractant, which we experimentally showed was four times more effective than terpyridine at separating Am3+ from Eu3+ (SFAm/Eu ∼ 23 ± 1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Zhang
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - Sara L Adelman
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Brian T Arko
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Channa R De Silva
- Department of Chemistry & Physics, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, North Carolina 28723, United States
| | - Jing Su
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Stosh A Kozimor
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Veronika Mocko
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Jenifer C Shafer
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Benjamin W Stein
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Georg Schreckenbach
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - Enrique R Batista
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Ping Yang
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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34
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Sasaki Y, Kaneko M, Ban Y, Matsumiya M, Nakase M, Takeshita K. Multi-stage extraction and separation of Ln and An using TODGA and DTBA or DTPA accompanying pH adjustment with lactic acid and ethylenediamine. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2022.2080707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Sasaki
- Nuclear Science Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki, JAPAN
| | - Masashi Kaneko
- Nuclear Science Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki, JAPAN
| | - Yasutoshi Ban
- Nuclear Science Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki, JAPAN
| | - Masahiko Matsumiya
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, JAPAN
| | - Masahiko Nakase
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, JAPAN
| | - Kenji Takeshita
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, JAPAN
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35
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Shimojo K, Fujiwara I, Oshima T, Yokoyama K, Yaita T. Lanthanide extraction using a thiodiglycolamic acid extractant: effect of S-donor on lanthanide separation. ANAL SCI 2022; 38:1003-1006. [PMID: 35597878 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-022-00123-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Liquid-liquid extraction of lanthanide (Ln) ions was investigated using N,N-dioctylthiodiglycolamic acid (DOTDGAA), which is a sulfur donor ligand with an amide group and a carboxyl group connected by a thioether chain. The extraction performance and selectivity of DOTDGAA for Ln ions were compared with those of N,N-dioctyldiglycolamic acid (DODGAA), which is also an oxygen donor ligand with a similar chemical structure, to assess the effect of the soft/hard donor atom on Ln separation. DOTDGAA quantitatively extracted all Ln ions while being selective toward the light and middle Ln ions, in contrast to the selectivity of DODGAA for heavier Ln ions. Slope analysis demonstrated that the Ln3+ transfer using DOTDGAA proceeded through a proton-exchange reaction, forming a 1:3 complex, Ln(DOTDGAA)3. The back-extraction of Ln ions from the extracting phase was successfully achieved under acidic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kojiro Shimojo
- Materials Sciences Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 1-1-1 Koto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan.
| | - Iori Fujiwara
- Materials Sciences Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 1-1-1 Koto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan.,Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Oshima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
| | - Keiichi Yokoyama
- Materials Sciences Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 1-1-1 Koto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Yaita
- Materials Sciences Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 1-1-1 Koto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
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36
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Motta LC, Autschbach J. 237Np Mössbauer Isomer Shifts: A Lesson About the Balance of Static and Dynamic Electron Correlation in Heavy Element Complexes. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:3483-3496. [PMID: 35594193 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A large set of neptunium compounds with different oxidation states (III to VII) was assembled to study the Mössbauer isomer shift by wave function calculations and better understand covalency in f-elements complexes. The contact density approach was used to calculate the isomer shift using complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) multiconfiguration wave functions, as well as matrix product states [from Density Matrix Renormalization Group (DMRG) algorithms] for large active spaces. Dynamic correlation effects for the isomer shifts were treated via CASPT2 energy derivatives with respect to the nuclear radius. The CASSCF calculations appear to produce different orbital overlocalization errors for low and high Np oxidation states. For compounds with low Np oxidation numbers, the errors can be attributed to the overlocalization of the 5f orbitals. For the compounds with high Np oxidation numbers, the main errors arise from an overlocalization of ligand orbitals and concomitant to weak donation bonding. Attempts to mitigate the overlocalization errors with large active spaces using DMRG were only partially successful, showing that explicit treatment of dynamic correlation is necessary for accurate predictions of Mössbauer isomer shifts. The CASPT2 calculations perform very satisfactorily. For a subset of Np compounds, both static and dynamic correlation effects were substantial. A rational active space selection based on orbital entanglement diagrams proved beneficial for determining the optimal reference wave function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C Motta
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - Jochen Autschbach
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
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First Trifluoromethylated Phenanthrolinediamides: Synthesis, Structure, Stereodynamics and Complexation with Ln(III). Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103114. [PMID: 35630590 PMCID: PMC9143926 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The first examples of 1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-diamides bearing CF3-groups on the side amide substituents were synthesized. Due to stereoisomerism and amide rotation, such complexes have complicated behavior in solutions. Using advanced NMR techniques and X-ray analysis, their structures were completely elucidated. The possibility of the formation of complex compounds with lanthanoids nitrates was shown, and the constants of their stability are quantified. The results obtained are explained in terms of quantum-chemical calculations.
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38
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Tedder ML, Dzeagu FO, Mason MM, Dixon DA, Carrick JD. Microwave-assisted C–H oxidation of methylpyridylheteroarenes via a Kornblum-Type reaction. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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39
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Abigail Jennifer G, Ebenezer C, Vijay Solomon R. Selective Complexation of trivalent Americium over Europium with substituted Triazolebipyridine-based Ligand in High Level-Liquid Waste- A DFT investigation. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.115832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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40
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Influence of Electronic Modulation of Phenanthroline-Derived Ligands on Separation of Lanthanides and Actinides. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27061786. [PMID: 35335150 PMCID: PMC8949807 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The solvent extraction, complexing ability, and basicity of tetradentate N-donor 2,9-bis(5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,2,4-benzotriazin-3-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline (CyMe4-BT- Phen) and its derivatives functionalized by Br, hydroxyphenyl, nitryl were discussed and compared. It was demonstrated that four BTPhen ligands are able to selectively extract Am(lll) over Eu(lll). It was notable that the distribution ratio of 5-nitryl-CyMe4-BTPhen for Eu(lll) was suppressed under 0.02, which was much lower compared to DEu(lll) = 1 by CyMe4-BTPhen. The analysis of the effect of the substituent on the affinity to lanthanides was conducted by UV/vis and fluorescence spectroscopic titration. The stability constants of various ligands with Eu(lll) were obtained by fitting titration curve. Additionally, the basicity of various ligands was determined to be 3.1 ± 0.1, 2.3 ± 0.2, 0.9 ± 0.2, 0.5 ± 0.1 by NMR in the media of CD3OD with the addition of DClO4. The basicity of ligands follows the order of L1 > L2 > L3 > L4, indicating the tendency of protonation decreases with the electron-withdrawing ability increase.
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41
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Xu L, Ding W, Zhang A, Liu Z. Effect of ligand initial conformation and counteranion on complexation behaviors of R-BTBP toward Pd(II) contained in highly active liquid waste. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.02.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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42
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Sun M, Xu L, Yang X, Wang S, Lei L, Xiao C. Complexation Behaviors of a Tridentate Phenanthroline Carboxamide Ligand with Trivalent f-Block Elements in Different Anion Systems: A Thermodynamic and Crystallographic Perspective. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:2824-2834. [PMID: 35104133 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The counteranion has a strong influence on the complexation behavior of tridentate phenanthroline carboxamide ligands with actinides and lanthanides, but the thermodynamic and underlying interaction mechanism at the molecular level is still not clear. In this work, a tridentate ligand, N-ethyl-N-tolyl-2-amide-1,10-phenanthroline (Et-Tol-PTA), was synthesized, and the effects of different anions (Cl-, NO3-, and ClO4-) on the complexation behavior of Et-Tol-PTA with typical lanthanides were thoroughly studied by using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectrophotometry, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The NMR spectroscopic titration of Lu(III) showed that there were three species (1:1, 2:1, and 3:1 ligand-metal complexes) formed in Cl- solution systems while two species (2:1 and 1:1) were formed in NO3- and ClO4- solution systems. When Et-Tol-PTA was titrated with La(III), two species (2:1 and 1:1) were formed in NO3- systems and only one species (1:1) was formed in Cl- and ClO4- systems. In addition, the stability constant was determined via UV-vis spectroscopic titration, which showed that the complexation strength between Et-Tol-PTA and Eu(III) decreased in the following order: ClO4- > NO3- > Cl-. This indicated that Et-Tol-PTA had the strongest complexation ability with Eu(III) in the ClO4- system. The structures of Et-Tol-PTA complexed with EuCl3, Eu(NO3)3, and Eu(ClO4)3 were further elucidated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and agreed well with the results of UV-vis titration experiments. The results of this work revealed that the mechanisms of complexation of lanthanides with the asymmetric ligand Et-Tol-PTA were strongly affected by different anionic environments in solution and in the solid state. These findings may lead to the improvement of the separation of trivalent actinides and lanthanides in nuclear waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingze Sun
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shihui Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Lecheng Lei
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chengliang Xiao
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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43
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Efficient UO22+ extraction by DAPhens with asymmetric terminal groups: The molecular design, spectral titration, liquid-liquid extraction and mechanism study. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.120046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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44
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Trunks TM, Babra JS, Westwood J, Smith CD. A Homocoupling Approach to the Key Dione of CyMe4-BTPhen – Vital Ligands for Nuclear Clean-Up by the SANEX Process. SYNOPEN 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1737-8610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
CyMe4-BTPhen and CyMe4-BTBP are the principal ligand systems used in Europe for the separation of actinides from lanthanides as a part of the SANEX process for nuclear recycling and reprocessing. We present a new approach to the synthesis of the CyMe4-fragment beginning from readily available hydroxypivalic acid. It features a cobalt-catalysed homocoupling of a neopentyl bromide to provide the key bis-ester precursor, thereby avoiding the requirement for technically challenging low temperature LDA-mediated aldol chemistries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Trunks
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Jasraj Singh Babra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - James Westwood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Christopher David Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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45
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Sasaki Y, Kaneko M, Matsumiya M, Nakase M, Takeshita K. Mutual Separation of Ln and an Using TODGA and DTBA with High Organic Acid Concentrations. SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND ION EXCHANGE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/07366299.2021.2024650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Masahiko Matsumiya
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
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46
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Bulmer R, Spencer TB, Wilden A, Modolo G, Vu TH, Simonin JP, Lewis FW. New Route to Amide-Functionalized N-Donor Ligands Enables Improved Selective Solvent Extraction of Trivalent Actinides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:10667-10670. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03876e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new general synthetic route to selective actinide extracting ligands for spent nuclear fuel reprocessing has been established. The amide-functionalized ligands separate Am(III) and Cm(III) from the lanthanides with high...
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47
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Matveeva AG, Vologzhanina AV, Pasechnik MP, Aysin RR, Matveev SV, Zubavichus YV, Artyushin OI, Sharova EV, Godovikov IA, Brel VK. Competing N vs. P(O),C(O)-coordination in complexes of mono- and bis-1,2,3-triazole ligands modified by carbamoylmethylphosphine oxide fragments with palladium(II), uranyl(II), and lanthanum(III): solid and solution structures. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.115680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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48
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Pruessmann T, Nagel P, Simonelli L, Batchelor D, Gordon R, Schimmelpfennig B, Trumm M, Vitova T. Opportunities and challenges of applying advanced X-ray spectroscopy to actinide and lanthanide N-donor ligand systems. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2022; 29:53-66. [PMID: 34985423 PMCID: PMC8733980 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577521012091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
N-donor ligands such as n-Pr-BTP [2,6-bis(5,6-dipropyl-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)pyridine] preferentially bind trivalent actinides (An3+) over trivalent lanthanides (Ln3+) in liquid-liquid separation. However, the chemical and physical processes responsible for this selectivity are not yet well understood. Here, an explorative comparative X-ray spectroscopy and computational (L3-edge) study for the An/Ln L3-edge and the N K-edge of [An/Ln(n-Pr-BTP)3](NO3)3, [Ln(n-Pr-BTP)3](CF3SO3)3 and [Ln(n-Pr-BTP)3](ClO4)3 complexes is presented. High-resolution X-ray absorption near-edge structure (HR-XANES) L3-edge data reveal additional features in the pre- and post-edge range of the spectra that are investigated using the quantum chemical codes FEFF and FDMNES. X-ray Raman spectroscopy studies demonstrate the applicability of this novel technique for investigations of liquid samples of partitioning systems at the N K-edge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Pruessmann
- Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Peter Nagel
- Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Laura Simonelli
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Facility, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08290, Spain
| | - David Batchelor
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Robert Gordon
- PNCSRF, APS Sector 20, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
- Moyie Institute, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Bernd Schimmelpfennig
- Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Michael Trumm
- Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Tonya Vitova
- Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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49
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Mahanty B, Mohapatra PK, Leoncini A, Huskens J, Verboom W. Unique Eu(III) transport selectivity seen using a supported liquid membrane containing a diglycolamide dendrimer ligand. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2021.2006231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bholanath Mahanty
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Andrea Leoncini
- Laboratory of Molecular Nanofabrication, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jurriaan Huskens
- Laboratory of Molecular Nanofabrication, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Willem Verboom
- Laboratory of Molecular Nanofabrication, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
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50
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Cai Y, Yan Q, Wang M, Chen J, Fu H, Ye J, Conradson SD, Yuan L, Xu C, Feng W. Endowing 2,6-bis-triazolyl-pyridine of poor extraction with superior efficiency for actinide/lanthanide separation at high acidity by anchoring to a macrocyclic scaffold. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:125745. [PMID: 33866294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Exploring nitrogen-containing extractants for recovering hazardous minor actinides that are workable in solutions of high acidity has been a challenge in nuclear waste treatment. Herein, we report our findings that 2,6-bis-triazolyl-pyridine (PyTri), which is ineffective as a hydrophobic ligand for minor actinide separation, turns into an excellent extractant that exhibits unexpectedly high efficiency and selectivity (SFAm/Eu = 172, 1 M HNO3) when attaching to pillar[5]arene platform. Surprisingly, the distribution ratio of Am(III) (DAm) is 4300 times higher than that of the acyclic PyTri ligand. The solvent extraction performance of this pillar[5]arene-achored PyTri not only far exceeds the best known pillar[5]arene ligands reported to date, but also stays comparable to other reported outstanding extractants. Slope analysis indicates that each P[5]A-PyTri can bind two metal ions, which is further corroborated by spectroscopic characterizations. Thermodynamic studies imply that the extraction process is exothermic and spontaneous in nature. Complexation investigation via EXAFS technique and DFT calculations strongly suggest that each Eu(III) ion is coordinated to three PyTri arms through a nine-coordination mode. This work provides a N-donor extractant that can operate at high acidity for minor actinide partitioning and implicates a promising approach for transforming poor extractants into superior ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Cai
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Qiang Yan
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Mengxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Haiying Fu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Jiawei Ye
- Irradiation Preservation Technology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610101, China
| | - Steven D Conradson
- Department of Complex Matter, Jozef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Lihua Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Chao Xu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Wen Feng
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
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