1
|
Wessig P, Schmidt P, Badetko D, Sperlich E, Kelling A. Total synthesis of Comfreyn A and structural analogues via two photochemical key steps. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2024; 23:1485-1494. [PMID: 38935211 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-024-00607-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
In this work the influence of o-fluorine substituents on the photo-dehydro-Diels-Alder (PDDA) reaction was investigated and the findings of this study were applied to the total synthesis of natural products. The reactant molecules consisted of two alkyl arylpropiolates, connected by a suberic acid tether and bearing fluorine substituents in each of the o-positions. While quantum chemical calculations suggested that a fluorine substituent prevents an attack of the adjacent carbon atom in the second C-C bond forming step of the PDDA reaction, this attack took place nevertheless. The subsequent fluoride elimination, assisted by protic solvents or trialkylsilanes, resulted in an "Umpolung" of the 4-position of the cycloallene intermediate enabling the introduction of nucleophiles at this position. The nucleophilic replacement of the second fluorine substituent could also be triggered photochemically. After removal of the tether, the two arene moieties stand nearly perpendicular to each other and a selective excitation of the naphthalene moiety was possible. This led to an intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer (PET) followed by a nucleophilic replacement of the fluoride according to a SR+N1Ar* mechanism. The formed phenolic hydroxyl group underwent spontaneous lactonization with the adjacent ester group. Based on these results, the first total synthesis of the lignan Comfreyn A and some structural analogues were developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Wessig
- Institut für Chemie, Bioorganische Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Peter Schmidt
- Institut für Chemie, Bioorganische Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Dominik Badetko
- Institut für Chemie, Bioorganische Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Eric Sperlich
- Institut für Chemie, Bioorganische Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Alexandra Kelling
- Institut für Chemie, Bioorganische Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jing B, Zhu C, Song H, Li J, Cui C. Ytterbium(II) Complex-Catalyzed Selective Single and Double Hydrophosphination of 1,3-Enynes. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401234. [PMID: 38712548 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
1,3-Enynes with conjugated alkene and alkyne moieties are attractive building blocks in synthetic chemistry. However, neither 4,1-hydrophosphination nor dihydrophosphination of 1,3-enynes has been reported. In this paper, the divalent ytterbium and calcium amide complexes supported by silaimine-functionalized cyclopentadienyl ligands (C5Me4-Si(L)=NR) were developed, which successfully catalyzed the efficient single and double hydrophosphination of 1,3-enynes with diarylphosphines. The hydrophosphination reactions selectively produced homoallenyl phosphines and (E)-propenylene diphosphines, respectively. This work demonstrated the potential of hemilabile silaimine-Cp ligands in the supporting the efficient and selective rare- and alkaline-earth catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Frontiers Science Center of Organic Matters, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Cheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Frontiers Science Center of Organic Matters, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Haibin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Frontiers Science Center of Organic Matters, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Frontiers Science Center of Organic Matters, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Chunming Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Frontiers Science Center of Organic Matters, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ji X, Shen C, Ni Y, Si ZY, Wang Y, Zhi X, Zhao Y, Peng H, Liu L. Stereoselective Synthesis of Polysubstituted Conjugated Dienes Enabled by Photo-Driven Sequential Sigmatropic Rearrangement. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400805. [PMID: 38587996 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
We here reported a highly stereoselective method for the synthesis of polysubstituted conjugated dienes from α-aryl α-diazo alkynyl ketones and pyrazole-substituted unsymmetric aminals under mild conditions, which was promoted by photo-irridation and involved with 1,6-dipolar intermediate and quadruple sigmatropic rearrangements, was successfully developed. In this transformation, the cleavage of four bonds and the recombination of five bonds were implemented in one operational step. This protocol provided a modular tool for constructing dienes from amines, pyrazoles and α-alkynyl-α-diazoketones in one-pot manner. The results of mechanistic investigation indicated that the plausible reaction path underwent the 1,6-sigmatropic rearrangement instead of the 1,5-sigmatropic rearrangement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ji
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Chaoren Shen
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Yuhao Ni
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Yao Si
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Yuzhu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Xinrong Zhi
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Huiling Peng
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, 3663 N Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Stevens JE, Miller JD, Fitzsimmons MC, Moore CE, Thomas CM. Z-selective dimerization of terminal alkynes by a (PNNP)Fe II complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:5169-5172. [PMID: 38639737 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00469h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
A tetradentate bis(amido)bis(phosphine) FeII complex, (PNNP)Fe, is shown to activate the terminal C-H bond of aryl alkynes across its Fe-Namide bonds. (PNNP)Fe is also shown to catalytically dimerize terminal aryl alkynes to produce 1,3-enynes with Z : E ratios as high as 96 : 4 with yields up to 95% and loadings as low as 1 mol% at 30 °C in 2 h. A plausible metal-ligand cooperative mechanism invoking a vinylidene intermediate is proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremiah E Stevens
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Justin D Miller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Matthew C Fitzsimmons
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Curtis E Moore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Christine M Thomas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dey S, Charlack AD, Durham AC, Zhu J, Wang Y, Wang YM. Synthesis of 1,3-Enynes by Iron-Catalyzed Propargylic C-H Functionalization: An Alkyne Analogue for the Eschenmoser Methenylation. Org Lett 2024; 26:3355-3360. [PMID: 38604973 PMCID: PMC11059102 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
A two-step protocol for the conversion of alkyl-substituted alkynes to 1,3-enynes is reported. In this α-methenylation process, an iron-catalyzed propargylic C-H functionalization delivers tetramethylpiperidine-derived homopropargylic amines which undergo facile Cope elimination upon N-oxidation to afford the enyne products. A range of aryl alkyl and dialkyl acetylenes were found to be suitable substrates for this process, which constitutes an alkyne analogue for the Eschenmoser methenylation of carbonyl derivatives. In addition, a new bench-stable precatalyst for iron-catalyzed propargylic C-H functionalization is reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Dey
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Aaron D. Charlack
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Austin C. Durham
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Jin Zhu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Yidong Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
- School
of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, China
| | - Yi-Ming Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Su C, Lin D, Huang X, Feng J, Jin A, Wang F, Lv Q, Lei L, Pan W. Developing hydrogels for gene therapy and tissue engineering. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:182. [PMID: 38622684 PMCID: PMC11017488 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02462-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are a class of highly absorbent and easily modified polymer materials suitable for use as slow-release carriers for drugs. Gene therapy is highly specific and can overcome the limitations of traditional tissue engineering techniques and has significant advantages in tissue repair. However, therapeutic genes are often affected by cellular barriers and enzyme sensitivity, and carrier loading of therapeutic genes is essential. Therapeutic gene hydrogels can well overcome these difficulties. Moreover, gene-therapeutic hydrogels have made considerable progress. This review summarizes the recent research on carrier gene hydrogels for the treatment of tissue damage through a summary of the most current research frontiers. We initially introduce the classification of hydrogels and their cross-linking methods, followed by a detailed overview of the types and modifications of therapeutic genes, a detailed discussion on the loading of therapeutic genes in hydrogels and their characterization features, a summary of the design of hydrogels for therapeutic gene release, and an overview of their applications in tissue engineering. Finally, we provide comments and look forward to the shortcomings and future directions of hydrogels for gene therapy. We hope that this article will provide researchers in related fields with more comprehensive and systematic strategies for tissue engineering repair and further promote the development of the field of hydrogels for gene therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Su
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, China
- College of Biology & Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, China
| | - Dini Lin
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, China
| | - Xinyu Huang
- College of Biology & Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, China
| | - Jiayin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Anqi Jin
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Fangyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Qizhuang Lv
- College of Biology & Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, China.
| | - Lanjie Lei
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China.
| | - Wenjie Pan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Davas D, Gopalakrishnan DK, Kumar S, Anmol, Karmakar T, Vaitla J. Visible Light-Promoted Regioselective Benzannulation of Vinyl Sulfoxonium Ylides with Ynoates. JACS AU 2024; 4:1073-1080. [PMID: 38559716 PMCID: PMC10976606 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report a highly regioselective [4 + 2]-annulation of vinyl sulfoxonium ylides with ynoates under light-mediated conditions. The reaction proceeds through the new dienyl sulfoxonium ylide, which undergoes photolysis under blue light irradiation to give highly substituted naphthalene scaffolds. The method presented here operates at room temperature and does not require the addition of an external photosensitizer. The in situ-generated dienyl sulfoxonium ylide absorbs light and acts as a photosensitizer for the formation of arenes. The synthetic potential of these benzannulations was further illustrated by various synthetic transformations and a scale-up reaction. Moreover, control experiments and quantum chemical calculations reveal the mechanistic details of the developed reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daksh
Singh Davas
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi110016, India
| | | | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi110016, India
| | - Anmol
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi110016, India
| | - Tarak Karmakar
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi110016, India
| | - Janakiram Vaitla
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi110016, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xu Q, Hoye TR. A Cascade of Strain-Driven Events Converting Benzynes to Alkynylbenzocyclobutenes to 1,3-Dien-5-ynes to Cyclic Allenes to Benzocyclohexadienones. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:6438-6443. [PMID: 38437506 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Here, we report a strain-promoted cascade reaction that proceeds via multiple strained intermediates, ultimately driven by the high potential energy inherent in alkyne triple bonds (C≡C). More specifically, four alkynes (three from an HDDA benzyne precursor and the fourth from a conjugated enyne reaction partner) are transformed into eight of the skeletal carbons in the benzocyclohexadienone products. The reaction pathway proceeds sequentially via strained benzyne, benzocyclobutene, and cyclic allene intermediates. DFT computations suggest that the slowest step following benzyne generation is the 4π-electrocyclic ring-opening of the alkynylbenzocyclobutene to a 1,3-dien-5-yne (an alkynylxylylene) intermediate. The activation energy for the subsequent 6π-electrocyclic ring-closure is lower than that for related acyclic dienynes because of the aromaticity that is being regained in the transition structure. Finally, the isolation of the benzocyclohexadienone products rather than their phenolic tautomers is notable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Thomas R Hoye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sun Y, Zhang J, Zeng Y, Meng L, Li X. Mechanism and Stereoselectivity Control of Terminal Alkyne Dimerization Activated by a Zr/Co Heterobimetallic Complex: A DFT Study. J Org Chem 2024; 89:605-616. [PMID: 38096545 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Heterobimetallic complexes have recently garnered considerable attention in organic synthesis owing to their high activity and selectivity, which surpass those of monometallic complexes. In this study, the detailed mechanisms of terminal alkyne dimerization activated by the heterobimetallic Zr/Co complex, as well as the different stereoselectivities of Me3SiC≡CH and PhC≡CH dimerization, were investigated and elucidated by using density functional theory calculations. After excluding the three-molecule reaction and outer-sphere mechanisms, the inner-sphere mechanism was determined as the most optimal process. The inner-sphere mechanism involves four processes: THF dissociation and coordination of the first alkyne; ligand migration and C-H activation; N2 dissociation and insertion of the second alkyne; and reductive elimination. The stereoselectivity between the E-/Z- and gem-isomers is determined by the C-C coupling mode of the two alkynes and that of the E- and Z-isomers is determined by the sequence of the C-C coupling and hydrogen migration in the reductive elimination process. Me3SiC≡CH dimerization yields only an E-isomer owing to the large differences in the distortion and interaction energies, whereas PhC≡CH dimerization produces an E-, Z-, and gem-isomers owing to the reduced interaction energy differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Sun
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic and Nano-Materials, National Demonstratin Center for Experimental Chemistry, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, P. R. China
| | - Jinying Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic and Nano-Materials, National Demonstratin Center for Experimental Chemistry, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic and Nano-Materials, National Demonstratin Center for Experimental Chemistry, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, P. R. China
| | - Lingpeng Meng
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic and Nano-Materials, National Demonstratin Center for Experimental Chemistry, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic and Nano-Materials, National Demonstratin Center for Experimental Chemistry, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang X, Hua X, Zhang H, Wu L, Yuan C, Liu Z, Zhang HL, Shao X. Transforming Hetera-Buckybowls into Chiral Conjugated Polycycles Incorporating Epoxycyclooctadiene: a Two-Step Approach. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202303085. [PMID: 37877318 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Chiral π-conjugated polycycles have garnered increasing attention due to versatile applications in optoelectronic materials and biological sciences. In this study, we report the synthesis of chiral π-conjugated polycycles incorporating a chiral epoxycyclooctadiene moiety. Our synthetic strategy capitalizes on the novel reactions of hetera-buckybowl triselenasumanene (TSS) and is achieved in two-step manner. Firstly, the TSS is regio-selectively transformed into its ortho-quinone form. Subsequently, the nucleophilic addition reactions of TSS ortho-quinone by phenylethynides are metal ion-dependent. When utilizing (phenylethynyl)magnesium bromide as the nucleophile, two phenylethynyls are furnished onto the edged benzene ring of TSS. When the nucleophile is (phenylethynyl)lithium, a cascade of nucleophilic addition, intermolecular electron-transfer, ring-opening, and tetradehydro-Diels-Alder (TDDA) reactions occur sequentially in one-pot, ultimately affording chiral π-conjugated polycycles featuring the epoxycyclooctadiene moiety as an integral part of their backbones. This work represents a step forward in the synthesis of chiral π-conjugated polycycles using TSS as synthon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Research Centre for Free Radical Chemistry of Lanzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xinqiang Hua
- Research Centre for Free Radical Chemistry of Lanzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Haomin Zhang
- Research Centre for Free Radical Chemistry of Lanzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Lingxi Wu
- Research Centre for Free Radical Chemistry of Lanzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Chengshan Yuan
- Research Centre for Free Radical Chemistry of Lanzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Zitong Liu
- Research Centre for Free Radical Chemistry of Lanzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Hao-Li Zhang
- Research Centre for Free Radical Chemistry of Lanzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xiangfeng Shao
- Research Centre for Free Radical Chemistry of Lanzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cadart T, Gläsel T, Císařová I, Gyepes R, Nečas D, Hapke M, Kotora M. Cyclotrimerization Approach to Symmetric [9]Helical Indenofluorenes: Diverting Cyclization Pathways. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301491. [PMID: 37306545 PMCID: PMC10946996 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic cyclotrimerization routes to symmetrical [9]helical indenofluorene were explored by using different transition-metal complexes and thermal conditions. Depending on the reaction conditions, the cyclotrimerizations were accompanied by dehydro-Diels-Alder reaction giving rise to another type of aromatic compounds. Structures of both symmetrical [9]helical cyclotrimerization product as well as the dehydro-Diels-Alder product were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Limits of enantioselective cyclotrimerization were assessed as well. DFT calculations shed light on the reaction course and the origin of diminished enantioselectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothée Cadart
- Department of Organic ChemistryFaculty of ScienceCharles University in PragueHlavova 8128 43Praha 2Czech Republic
| | - Tim Gläsel
- Institute for Catalysis (INCA)Johannes Kepler University LinzAltenberger Strasse 69A-4040LinzAustria
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of ScienceCharles University in PragueHlavova 8128 43Praha 2Czech Republic
| | - Róbert Gyepes
- Department of Molecular Electrochemistry and CatalysisJ. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of SciencesDolejškova2155/3, 182 23Praha 8Czech Republic
| | - David Nečas
- Department of Organic ChemistryFaculty of ScienceCharles University in PragueHlavova 8128 43Praha 2Czech Republic
| | - Marko Hapke
- Institute for Catalysis (INCA)Johannes Kepler University LinzAltenberger Strasse 69A-4040LinzAustria
| | - Martin Kotora
- Department of Organic ChemistryFaculty of ScienceCharles University in PragueHlavova 8128 43Praha 2Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kraemer N, Eason EM, Hoye TR. Intramolecular Cyclization of Alkynylheteroaromatic Substrates Bearing a Tethered Cyano Group: A Strategy for Accessing Fused Pyridoheterocycles. J Org Chem 2023; 88:12716-12726. [PMID: 37590897 PMCID: PMC11167534 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Heterocyclic substrates containing a conjugated alkyne and a pendant nitrile were shown to cyclize in an overall tetradehydro-Diels-Alder reaction to give products in which the initial heterocycle bears a newly fused pyridine ring. Base-promoted tautomerization of the alkyne to its isomeric allene allows this process to occur at ambient temperature. DFT studies support many of the mechanistic interpretations of the overall results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Kraemer
- Department of Chemistry, 207 Pleasant St. SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 USA
| | - Erin M. Eason
- Department of Chemistry, 207 Pleasant St. SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 USA
| | - Thomas R. Hoye
- Department of Chemistry, 207 Pleasant St. SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Genov GR, Takezawa H, Hayakawa H, Fujita M. Tetradehydro-Diels-Alder Reactions of Flexible Arylalkynes via Folding Inside a Molecular Cage. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:17013-17017. [PMID: 37493945 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
The tetradehydro-Diels-Alder (TDDA) reaction is a useful transformation for the rapid assembly of polycyclic scaffolds from simple linear precursors in a single synthetic step. However, the reaction requires careful substrate design and harsh reaction conditions to overcome the inherent entropic cost for this transformation. Herein we report an efficient site-selective TDDA transformation within a self-assembled Pd6L4 cage. Despite the large size, the flexibility of the employed substrates allows for efficient encapsulation within the host cavity. The rate of thermal cyclization of the encapsulated guest was found to be greatly enhanced, and high product selectivity for an unsymmetrical substrate was observed. The efficiency of this system relies on the precise conformational control of the substrate within the confined space of the host cage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgi R Genov
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Mitsui Link Lab Kashiwanoha 1, FS CREATION, 6-6-2 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-0882, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takezawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Mitsui Link Lab Kashiwanoha 1, FS CREATION, 6-6-2 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-0882, Japan
| | - Harumi Hayakawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Mitsui Link Lab Kashiwanoha 1, FS CREATION, 6-6-2 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-0882, Japan
| | - Makoto Fujita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Mitsui Link Lab Kashiwanoha 1, FS CREATION, 6-6-2 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-0882, Japan
- Division of Advanced Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science (IMS), 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
- Tokyo College, The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang BR, Li YB, Zhang Q, Gao D, Tian P, Li Q, Yin L. Copper(I)-catalyzed asymmetric 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of 1,3-enynes and azomethine ylides. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4688. [PMID: 37542041 PMCID: PMC10403559 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40409-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report a copper(I)-catalyzed asymmetric 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides and 1,3-enynes, which provides a series of chiral poly-substituted pyrrolidines in high regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselectivities. Both 4-aryl-1,3-enynes and 4-silyl-1,3-enynes serve as suitable dipolarophiles while 4-alkyl-1,3-enynes are inert. Moreover, the method is successfully applied in the construction of both tetrasubstituted stereogenic carbon centers and chiral spiro pyrrolidines. The DFT calculations are also conducted, which imply a concerted mechanism rather than a stepwise mechanism. Finally, various transformations started from the pyrrolidine bearing a triethylsilylethynyl group and centered on the alkyne group are achieved, which compensates for the inertness of 4-alkyl-1,3-enynes in the present reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Ran Wang
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yan-Bo Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dingding Gao
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ping Tian
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Qinghua Li
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Liang Yin
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Festersen L, Czekelius C. Photocatalytic Cascade Cyclization of Aryl Haloalkynyl Ketones Forming Cyclopenta[ b]naphthalene Derivatives. Org Lett 2023; 25:3553-3558. [PMID: 37154431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
An efficient metal-free, photoredox-mediated cascade cyclization of aryl 1-haloalk-5-ynyl ketones has been developed. Using catalytic amounts of eosin Y (EY) and EtNMe2 as a reductive quencher, various aryl 1-haloalk-5-ynyl ketones have been transformed into the corresponding cyclization products in up to 98% yield. As a result, synthetic access to differently α-functionalized cyclopenta[b]naphthones and direct construction of cyclopenta[b]naphtholes has been developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lea Festersen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40255 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Constantin Czekelius
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40255 Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Xu Q, Hoye TR. A Distinct Mode of Strain-Driven Cyclic Allene Reactivity: Group Migration to the Central Allene Carbon Atom. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:9867-9875. [PMID: 37086185 PMCID: PMC10864128 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Strained cyclic allenes are reactive species that can be trapped in a variety of complementary fashions that capitalize on their inherent high potential energy. 1,2,4-Cyclohexatrienes represent a subclass of allenes that, notably, can be conveniently generated by a net [4 + 2] cycloaddition within a 1,3-enyne bearing a tethered alkyne via a tetradehydro-Diels-Alder reaction. A limitation to the use of this type of thermally generated cyclic allene as a construct for the introduction of molecular complexity is their propensity to isomerize to benzenoids via a simple net 1,5-hydrogen atom migration. We have discovered that when the enyne component of the substrate is modified as an enol silyl ether (or an enol ester), migration of the silyl (or acyl) group can become the predominant event. Specifically, an appropriately electrophilic group can migrate from the O atom to the central allene carbon adjacent to the 1-siloxy(acyloxy) substituent. This process leads to highly substituted phenolic products (e.g., o-silyl phenols) following tautomerization of the intermediate cyclohexa-2,4-dienone. Experimental studies show that this novel mode of reactivity is general; DFT studies reveal the unimolecular nature of the group migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Thomas R. Hoye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Camedda N, Bigi F, Maggi R, Maestri G. Sequential Strategies to Trigger Mild Dearomative Diels-Alder Cyclizations. Org Lett 2023; 25:2233-2237. [PMID: 36961988 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Dihydronaphthalenes are present in several functional molecules, but their assembly is challenging. However, a sequential strategy can induce the key annullation of an alkyne with a vinylarene under mild conditions. Products form in good yields, with ample functional tolerance via domino nucleophilic substitution and dearomative Diels-Alder and ene reactions. DFT modeling data show that alkali cations are crucial to ensure a smooth dearomative cyclization on the in situ generated intermediates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Camedda
- Università di Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Franca Bigi
- Università di Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
- IMEM-CNR, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Raimondo Maggi
- Università di Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Maestri
- Università di Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang Z, Yamazaki S, Morimoto T, Takashima H, Nakaoku A, Shimizu M, Ogawa A. Intramolecular cyclization reactions of arylpropargyl amides of electron-deficient α,β-alkenyl carboxylates and related compounds. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:2172-2187. [PMID: 36806878 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00129f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Intramolecular cyclization reactions of arylpropargyl amides of electron-deficient α,β-alkenyl carboxylates such as fumarates and ethenetricarboxylates were investigated. The reaction of the fumaramides with a base, Et3N or DBU in xylenes at 140 °C under air gave benz[f]isoindoline derivatives in 21-63% yields. The benz[f]isoindolines may be produced via the formation of an allenic intermediate, intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction, proton transfer, and dehydrogenation by oxygen. The suitable bases and the product yields depend on the substituents on the benzene ring. On the other hand, the reaction of the amides of fumarate and ethenetricarboxylate by heating in DMSO gave aroyl-substituted pyrrolidine derivatives as major products, probably via addition of water under metal-free conditions. Furthermore, cyclization reactions of H and Me substituted alkyne derivatives were investigated for comparison. The selective formation of various types of products, such as ethyl 2-(1-benzyl-4-formyl-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl)acetate and diethyl 2-(1-benzyl-2-oxo-4-vinylidenepyrrolidin-3-yl)malonate, was found, depending upon the alkyne substituents and the reaction conditions. The reaction mechanisms have been discussed using density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Gakuen-cho 1-1, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shoko Yamazaki
- Department of Chemistry, Nara University of Education, Takabatake-cho, Nara 630-8528, Japan.
| | - Tsumoru Morimoto
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takashima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nara Women's University, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Ayane Nakaoku
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nara Women's University, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Makoto Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nara Women's University, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Akiya Ogawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Gakuen-cho 1-1, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yu H, Xu F. Advances in the synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds by in situ benzyne cycloaddition. RSC Adv 2023; 13:8238-8253. [PMID: 36922948 PMCID: PMC10010163 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00400g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds are prevalent in various natural products, medicines, agrochemicals, and organic functional materials. Among strategies to prepare nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds, pathways involving benzyne intermediates are attractive given that they can readily assemble highly diverse heterocyclic compounds in a step-economical manner under transition-metal-free conditions. The synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds from benzyne intermediates offers an alternative strategy to the conventional metal-catalyzed activation approaches. In the past years, chemists have witnessed the revival of benzyne chemistry, mainly attributed to the wide application of various novel benzyne precursors. The cycloaddition of benzynes is a powerful tool for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds, which can be constructed by [n + 2] cyclization of benzyne intermediates in situ generated from benzyne precursors under mild reaction conditions. This review focuses on the application of cycloaddition reactions involving in situ benzynes in the construction of various nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shizhen College of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guiyang Guizhou 550200 China
| | - Feng Xu
- School of Mathematics and Information Science, Guiyang University Guiyang Guizhou 550005 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Iftikhar R, Mazhar A, Iqbal MS, Khan FZ, Askary SH, Sibtain H. Ring forming transformations of ynamides via cycloaddition. RSC Adv 2023; 13:10715-10756. [PMID: 37025669 PMCID: PMC10072253 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00139c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ynamides are N-alkyne compounds bearing an electron withdrawing group at the nitrogen atom. They offer unique pathways for the construction of versatile building blocks owing to their exceptional balance between reactivity and stability. Recently several studies have been reported that explore and illustrate the synthetic potential of ynamides and ynamide-derived advanced intermediates in cycloadditions with different reaction partners to yield heterocyclic cycloadducts of synthetic and pharmaceutical value. Cycloaddition reactions of ynamides are the facile and preferable routes for the construction of structural motifs having striking importance in synthetic, medicinal chemistry, and advanced materials. In this systematic review, we highlighted the recently reported novel transformations and synthetic applications that involved the cycloaddition reaction of ynamides. The scope along with the limitations of the transformations are discussed in detail. Synthetic potential of ynamides and ynamide-derived advanced intermediates in cycloaddition reactions with different reaction partners to yield versatile heterocyclic adducts.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramsha Iftikhar
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad38000-FaisalabadPakistan
| | - Aqsa Mazhar
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of New South Wales2033-SydneyAustralia
| | - Muhammad Saqlain Iqbal
- Department of Electrical Information Engineering, Polytechnic University of Bari70126-BariItaly
| | - Faiza Zahid Khan
- Institute of Chemistry, RheinischeFriedrich-Wilhelms-Universität BonnBonnGermany
| | - Syed Hassan Askary
- Department of Chemistry, University of Management and Technology54770-LahorePakistan
| | - Hifza Sibtain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Management and Technology54770-LahorePakistan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kishore DR, Mounika K, Satyanarayana G, Goel K, Naveen J. Microwave-Assisted Domino Povarov-Type [4+2] Cycloaddition: A Rapid Access to 7-Phenyl-6H-chromeno[4,3-b]quinolines. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1738429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA convenient, facile, and eco-friendly approach to synthesizing 7-phenyl-6H-chromeno[4,3-b]quinolines under microwave irradiation is presented. The current strategy enabled the synthesis of chromenoquinoline frameworks at 80 °C under shorter reaction times via intermolecular Schiff base formation followed by an intramolecular inverse demand hetero-Diels–Alder [4+2]-cycloaddition reaction by using a catalytic amount of copper triflate as the sole catalyst. Consequently, one C–N and two C–C bonds are constructed in a single pot, and a wide spread of 7-phenyl-6H-chromeno[4,3-b]quinolines have been synthesized with good functional group tolerance.
Collapse
|
22
|
Huang W, Wang H, Liu B, Shen R, Zhu S. Synthesis of 1,1,4,5-Tetrasubstituted Phthalans via Pd-Catalyzed Three-Component Reactions of Haloarenes, Alkynes, and Protic Nucleophiles. Org Lett 2022; 24:8651-8656. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenliang Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruwei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211800, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shugao Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Specific cross-dimerization of terminal alkynes via Pd/TMEDA catalysis. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1388-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
24
|
Wessig P, Badetko D, Koebe M. Triplet Sensitized Photo‐Dehydro‐Diels‐Alder Reaction. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Wessig
- Institut für Chemie Universität Potsdam Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24–25 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Dominik Badetko
- Institut für Chemie Universität Potsdam Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24–25 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Michael Koebe
- Institut für Chemie Universität Potsdam Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24–25 14476 Potsdam Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sulfate ionic liquids promoted FeCl3-catalyzed dehydration of propargyl alcohols. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
26
|
Ghosh B, Harariya MS, Mukherjee S. Catalytic Enantioselective
de novo
Construction of Chiral Arenes through Desymmetrizing Oxidative [4+2]‐Cycloaddition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204523. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Biki Ghosh
- Department of Organic Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560 012 India
| | | | - Santanu Mukherjee
- Department of Organic Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560 012 India
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wang Z, Yamazaki S, Mikata Y, Oba M, Takashima H, Morimoto T, Ogawa A. Intramolecular Diels-Alder Reactions of α-Bromostyrene-Functionalized Unsaturated Carboxamides. J Org Chem 2022; 87:11148-11164. [PMID: 35944162 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Intramolecular cycloaddition reactions of α-bromostyrene-functionalized amides of monomethyl fumarate were investigated. The reaction of the amides with Et3N in toluene at 110 °C gave 1,4-dihydronaphthalenes. The 1,4-dihydronaphthalenes may be produced via the intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction, proton transfer, and dehydrobromination by a base, along with C═C bond isomerization by proton transfer. The reaction of amide derivatives with halogen on a benzene ring and alkali metal carbonates in toluene at 110 °C gave naphthalene derivatives directly. Dehydrogenation of various 1,4-dihydronaphthalenes with cesium or rubidium carbonate in toluene at 110 °C gave naphthalene derivatives. The retardation by TEMPO, acceleration by air for some substrates, and density functional theory calculations suggest a radical mechanism caused by intervention of molecular oxygen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Gakuen-cho 1-1, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shoko Yamazaki
- Department of Chemistry, Nara University of Education, Takabatake-cho, Nara 630-8528, Japan
| | - Yuji Mikata
- Laboratory for Molecular and Functional Design, Department of Engineering, Nara Women's University Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Miho Oba
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nara Women's University, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takashima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nara Women's University, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Tsumoru Morimoto
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Akiya Ogawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Gakuen-cho 1-1, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Pommainville A, Campeau D, Gagosz F. The Synthetic Potential of Thiophenium Ylide Cycloadducts**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205963. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Pommainville
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences University of Ottawa Ottawa K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Dominic Campeau
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences University of Ottawa Ottawa K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Fabien Gagosz
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences University of Ottawa Ottawa K1N 6N5 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ghosh B, Harariya MS, Mukherjee S. Catalytic Enantioselective de novo Construction of Chiral Arenes through Desymmetrizing Oxidative [4+2]‐Cycloaddition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Biki Ghosh
- IISc: Indian Institute of Science Department of Organic Chemistry C V Raman Road 560012 Bangalore INDIA
| | - Mahesh Singh Harariya
- IISc: Indian Institute of Science Department of Organic Chemistry C V Raman Road 560012 Bangalore INDIA
| | - Santanu Mukherjee
- Indian Institute of Science Department of Organic Chemistry C V Raman Avenue 560012 Bangalore INDIA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Pommainville A, Campeau D, Gagosz F. The Synthetic Potential of Thiophenium Ylide Cycloadducts**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Pommainville
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences University of Ottawa Ottawa K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Dominic Campeau
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences University of Ottawa Ottawa K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Fabien Gagosz
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences University of Ottawa Ottawa K1N 6N5 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Liu YW, Li LJ, Xu H, Dai HX. Palladium-Catalyzed Alkynylation of Enones with Alkynylsilanes via C-C Bond Activation. J Org Chem 2022; 87:6807-6811. [PMID: 35507767 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report herein the synthesis of 1,3-enynes via palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling between enone derivatives and alkynylsilanes. The employment of an appropriate pyridine-oxazoline ligand is the key to the C-C cleavage and the high E/Z stereoselectivity. This protocol features broad substrate scope and wide functional-group tolerance, affording the desired products in moderate-to-good yields. Late-stage diversification of natural product β-ionone further demonstrated the synthetic utility of this protocol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ling-Jun Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hui Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hui-Xiong Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lu Y, Duan X, Chen X, Yao M, Chen C, Zhu H, Luo Z, Zhang Y. A mild tetradehydro-Diels-Alder reaction of aryldiyne compounds affords exclusively linear products. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:3174-3182. [PMID: 35347333 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00121g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The thermal tetradehydro-Diels-Alder (TDDA) reaction for the synthesis of polysubstituted aromatic compounds remains underestimated probably due to the harsh conditions and multiproduct results. Herein, a mild intramolecular TDDA reaction of aryldiyne compounds is presented with linear naphthalenes only, exhibiting good functional group tolerance. The reaction is easy to operate and amenable to multigram-scale synthesis. From the preliminary work, it was found that the mild conditions may be the key to the completely linear product in the reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Lu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation. School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China.
| | - Xianxian Duan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation. School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China.
| | - Xia Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation. School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China.
| | - Meng Yao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation. School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China.
| | - Chunmei Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation. School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China.
| | - Hucheng Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation. School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China.
| | - Zengwei Luo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation. School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China.
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation. School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wessig P, Badetko D, Czarnecki M, Wichterich L, Schmidt P, Brudy C, Sperlich E, Kelling A. Studies toward the Total Synthesis of Arylnaphthalene Lignans via a Photo-Dehydro-Diels-Alder (PDDA) Reaction. J Org Chem 2022; 87:5904-5915. [PMID: 35388702 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
An efficient method for the preparation of arylnaphthalene lignans (ANLs) was developed, which is based on the Photo-Dehydro-Diels-Alder (PDDA) reaction. While intermolecular PDDA reactions turned out to be inefficient, the intramolecular variant using suberic acid as tether linking two aryl propiolic esters smoothly provided naphthalenophanes. The irradiations were performed with a previously developed annular continuous-flow reactor and UVB lamps. In this way, the natural products Alashinol D, Taiwanin C, and an unnamed ANL could be prepared.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Wessig
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Dominik Badetko
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Maciej Czarnecki
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Lukas Wichterich
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Peter Schmidt
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Cosima Brudy
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Eric Sperlich
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Alexandra Kelling
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kraemer N, Naredla RR, Hoye TR. In Situ Allene Formation via Alkyne Tautomerization to Promote [4 + 2]-Cycloadditions with a Pendant Alkyne or Nitrile. Org Lett 2022; 24:2327-2331. [PMID: 35311283 PMCID: PMC9050169 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We have explored the net-[4 + 2]-cycloadditions of a variety of aryl (or alkenyl) alkynes. Tautomerization via base-catalyzed alkyne-to-allene isomerization produces a transient allene, which undergoes stepwise cyclization with not only a pendant alkyne but also a nitrile. The operative mechanisms for these reactions were studied by density functional theory and compared with the slower thermal cyclization of the precursor alkyne.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Kraemer
- Department of Chemistry, 207 Pleasant St. SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 USA
| | - Rajasekhar Reddy Naredla
- Department of Chemistry, 207 Pleasant St. SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 USA
| | - Thomas R. Hoye
- Department of Chemistry, 207 Pleasant St. SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
AbstractFor a long time, allenes—and cumulenic systems in general—played a relatively minor role in Diels–Alder cycloadditions. This situation has changed, since allenes are more readily available and as their unique stereochemical features in [4+2]cycloadditions are more widely recognized. This review presents a comprehensive overview of allenes in Diels–Alder processes using selected examples. Allenes in dienes, dienophiles and cycloadducts are covered, inter- and intramolecular Diels–Alder cycloadditions are discussed, and stereochemical features of the addition process are described. Areas of emerging importance are also covered, including allenic components in dehydro-Diels–Alder processes, and dendralenic allenes in Diels–Alder sequences for the rapid generation of target-relevant molecular complexity. Preparatively useful methods for allenic precursor synthesis are also discussed.1 Introduction2 Allenic Dienes2.1 Vinylallenes2.2 Bisallenes2.3 Cross-conjugated Allenes3 Allenic Dienophiles4 Intramolecular Diels–Alder Cycloadditions5 Allenic Cycloadducts6 Conclusions and Outlook
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henning Hopf
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Sara AA, Um-e-Farwa UEF, Saeed A, Kalesse M. Recent Applications of the Diels–Alder Reaction in the Synthesis of Natural Products (2017–2020). SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1532-4763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe Diels–Alder reaction has long been established as an extremely useful procedure in the toolbox of natural product chemists. It tolerates a wide spectrum of building blocks of different complexity and degrees of derivatization, and enables the formation of six-membered rings with well-defined stereochemistry. In recent years, many total syntheses of natural products have been reported that rely, at some point, on the use of a [4+2]-cycloaddition step. Among classic approaches, several modifications of the Diels–Alder reaction, such as hetero-Diels–Alder reactions, dehydro-Diels–Alder reactions and domino-Diels–Alder reactions, have been employed to extend the scope of this process in the synthesis of natural products. Our short review covers applications of the Diels–Alder reaction in natural product syntheses between 2017 and 2020, as well as selected methodologies which are inspired by, or that can be used to access natural products.1 Introduction2 Syntheses from 20173 Syntheses from 20184 Syntheses from 20195 Syntheses from 20206 Conclusion
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aamer Saeed
- Quaid-I-Azam University, Department of Chemistry
| | - Markus Kalesse
- Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institut für Organische Chemie
- Helmholtz Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (HZI)
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Min KH, Iqbal N, Cho EJ. Ni-Catalyzed Reductive Coupling of Alkynes and Amides to Access Multi-Functionalized Indoles. Org Lett 2022; 24:989-994. [PMID: 35050641 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A nickel-catalyzed reductive coupling of alkynes and amides, followed by base-free transmetalation, proceeded selectively in the presence of an uncommon bidentate primary aminophosphine ligand to access highly functionalized indoles comprising biologically important trifluoromethyl groups and challenging electron-rich alkenyl groups at the 2- and 3-positions, respectively. Indole molecules were installed within natural products or drug molecules under mild conditions, and a trifluoromethylated analogue of a drug molecule (pravadoline) was also synthesized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kwan Hong Min
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Naeem Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jin Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Liu ZK, Yang Y, Zhan ZP. Preparation of ( E)-1,3-Enyne Derivatives through Palladium Catalyzed Hydroalkynylation of Allenes. J Org Chem 2021; 87:1589-1597. [PMID: 34967640 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A general and efficient palladium catalyzed hydroalkynylation of allenes was developed to produce synthetically versatile (E)-1,3-enyne derivatives with high regio- and stereoselectivity. This catalytic system proceeded under mild conditions and was compatible with a broad range of substrates, especially for allenes without electron-bias groups. This work further broadens the synthetic potential of these scaffolds in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Kai Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, PR China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, PR China
| | - Zhuang-Ping Zhan
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Caivano I, Bingel S, Císařová I, Nečas D, Kotora M. Catalytic approach to unsymmetrical [7]-helical indenofluorenes: Cyclotrimerization vs. dehydro-Diels-Alder reaction pathways. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
40
|
Mali G, Chauhan ANS, Chavan KA, Erande RD. Development and Applications of Double Diels‐Alder Reaction in Organic Synthesis. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ghanshyam Mali
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Jodhpur 342037 India
| | | | - Kailas Arjun Chavan
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Jodhpur 342037 India
| | - Rohan D. Erande
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Jodhpur 342037 India
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Pan L, Wang Q, Sun J, Yan C. Intramolecular Diels‐Alder Reaction of Styrene with Phenoxy‐Acrylate for Construction of Functionalized Naphthalenes. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liu‐Na Pan
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225002 P. R. China
| | - Qin Wang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225002 P. R. China
| | - Jing Sun
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225002 P. R. China
| | - Chao‐Guo Yan
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225002 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wessig P, Krebs S. N‐Aroylsulfonamide‐Photofragmentation (ASAP)‐A Versatile Route to Biaryls. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Wessig
- Institut für Chemie Universität Potsdam Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24–25 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Saskia Krebs
- Institut für Chemie Universität Potsdam Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24–25 14476 Potsdam Germany
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Chen W, Jiang C, Zhang J, Xu J, Xu L, Xu X, Li J, Cui C. Rare-Earth-Catalyzed Selective 1,4-Hydrosilylation of Branched 1,3-Enynes Giving Tetrasubstituted Silylallenes. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:12913-12918. [PMID: 34388341 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c04689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Allenes are versatile synthons in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry because of their diverse reactivities. Catalytic 1,4-hydrosilylation of 1,3-enynes may present the straightforward strategy for synthesis of silylallenes. However, the transition-metal-catalyzed reaction has not been successful due to poor selectivity and very limited substrate scopes. We report here the efficient and selective 1,4-hydrosilylation of branched 1,3-enynes enabled by the ene-diamido rare-earth ate catalysts using both alkyl and aryl hydrosilanes, leading to the exclusive formation of tetrasubstituted silylallenes. Deuteration reaction, kinetic study, and DFT calculations were conducted to investigate the possible mechanism, revealing crucial roles of high Lewis acidity, large ionic radius, and ate structure of the rare-earth catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wufeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiufang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunming Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Camedda N, Lanzi M, Bigi F, Maggi R, Maestri G. Ambient Synthesis of Tricyclic Naphthalenes via Stepwise Styryl-yne Dearomative Diels-Alder Cyclization. Org Lett 2021; 23:6536-6541. [PMID: 34369150 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A cascade of styrylynols promoted by MnO2 allows the synthesis of fused tricycles with a naphthalene core. The reaction occurs under ambient conditions, offering a practical synthetic tool because of the inexpensive and abundant manganese species. The method affords products through the sequential oxidation of a propargyl alcohol, stepwise Diels-Alder cyclization, and finally rearomatization. According to density functional theory, the usually unfavorable stepwise Diels-Alder mechanism is instead a general tool for eliciting otherwise challenging dearomative annulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Camedda
- Università di Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Matteo Lanzi
- Università di Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Franca Bigi
- Università di Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.,IMEM-CNR, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Raimondo Maggi
- Università di Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Maestri
- Università di Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Rycek L, Mateus M, Beytlerová N, Kotora M. Catalytic Cyclotrimerization Pathway for Synthesis of Selaginpulvilins C and D: Scope and Limitations. Org Lett 2021; 23:4511-4515. [PMID: 33724044 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A facile and unified approach to the main selaginpulvilin's framework was achieved by catalytic [2 + 2 + 2]-cyclotrimerization of a triyne with monosubtituted alkynes. The reaction proceeded with high "ortho" selectivity by using Wilkinson's catalyst (RhCl(PPh3)3) under ambient conditions with reasonable yields. The scope of the reaction with respect to the alkyne as well as the catalytic system was evaluated. The formal total modular syntheses of selaginpulvilin C and D were accomplished by transformation of the cyclotrimerization's products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Rycek
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 43 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Miguel Mateus
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 43 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Nela Beytlerová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 43 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Kotora
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 43 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Han C, Tian X, Zhang H, Rominger F, Hashmi ASK. Tetrasubstituted 1,3-Enynes by Gold-Catalyzed Direct C(sp 2)-H Alkynylation of Acceptor-Substituted Enamines. Org Lett 2021; 23:4764-4768. [PMID: 34105968 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A gold-catalyzed synthesis of tetrasubstituted 1,3-enynes from hypervalent iodine(III) reagents and activated alkenes is reported. This reaction involves an in situ formed alkynyl Au(III) species and a subsequent direct C(sp2)-H functionalization of alkenes, offering 26 enynes in 62-92% yield with excellent functional group tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Han
- Organisch Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xianhai Tian
- Organisch Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Huili Zhang
- Organisch Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Stephen K Hashmi
- Organisch Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Li Y, Ng JS, Wang B, Chiba S. Synthesis of α-Alkynylnitrones via Hydromagnesiation of 1,3-Enynes with Magnesium Hydride. Org Lett 2021; 23:5060-5064. [PMID: 34125560 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A protocol for the synthesis of α-alkynylnitrones from 1,3-enynes has been developed. The process is triggered by hydromagnesiation of 1,3-enynes with magnesium hydride (MgH2), which is prepared in situ through solvothermal treatment of magnesium iodide (MgI2) with sodium hydride (NaH) in tetrahydrofuran. Downstream functionalization of the resulting propargylmagnesium intermediates with organo nitro compounds affords α-alkynylnitrones, which could be used as versatile precursors for the construction of various nitrogen-containing compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yihang Li
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Jia Sheng Ng
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Bin Wang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Shunsuke Chiba
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Ning SS, Meng D, Zhang JY, Liu SL, Zhou NN, Jin X, Zhu HT. Metal-Free Intramolecular [3+2] Cycloaddition of γ-Hydroxy Acetylenic Ketones with Alkynes for the Synthesis of Naphtho[1,2- c]furan-5-ones and Its Derivatization via a Selective C(sp 2)-H Deuteration Reaction. J Org Chem 2021; 86:7347-7358. [PMID: 34032437 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A metal-free intramolecular [3+2] cycloaddtion has been achieved by treating benzene-linked propynol-ynes with AcOH/H2O in a one-pot manner. The reaction provides greener, 100% atom-economic, highly regioselective, and more practical access to functionalized naphtho[1,2-c]furan-5-ones with valuable and versatile applications. The regioselective α-deuteration of naphtho[1,2-c]furan-5-ones has been also presented with excellent deuterium incorporation and chemical yields. Moreover, the fluorescent properties of naphtho[1,2-c]furan-5-one products have been investigated in solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Si Ning
- Shannxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China
| | - Dan Meng
- Shannxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China
| | - Jie-Yun Zhang
- Shannxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China
| | - Shi-Lei Liu
- Shannxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China
| | - Ni-Ni Zhou
- Shannxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China
| | - Xiaojie Jin
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine & Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hai-Tao Zhu
- Shannxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Ling Z, Zhu J, Cai C, Lin J, Wang L, Du L. Highly heat‐resistant branched silicon‐containing arylacetylene resins with low curing temperature. POLYM INT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Ling
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Junli Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Chunhua Cai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Jiaping Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Liquan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Lei Du
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Dong S, Zhu J. Predicting Dinitrogen Activation via Transition-Metal-Involved [4+2] Cycloaddition Reaction. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:1626-1633. [PMID: 33939877 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
As the strongest triple bond in nature, the N≡N triple bond activation has always been a challenging project in chemistry. On the other hand, since the award of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1950, the Diels-Alder reaction has served as a powerful and widely applied tool in the synthesis of natural products and new materials. However, the application of the Diels-Alder reaction to dinitrogen activation remains less developed. Here we first demonstrate that a transition-metal-involved [4+2] Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction could be used to activate dinitrogen without an additional reductant by density functional theory calculations. Further study reveals that such a dinitrogen activation by 1-metalla-1,3-dienes screened out from a series of transition metal complexes (38 species) according to the effects of metal center, ligand, and substituents can become favorable both thermodynamically (with an exergonicity of 28.2 kcal mol-1 ) and kinetically (with an activation energy as low as 13.8 kcal mol-1 ). Our findings highlight an important application of the Diels-Alder reaction in dinitrogen activation, inviting experimental chemists' verification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shicheng Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|