1
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Deng G, Reimann M, Meyer D, Xia X, Kaupp M, Riedel S. Oxygen Atom Stabilization by a Main-Group Lewis Acid: Observation and Characterization of an OBeF 2 Complex with a Triplet Ground State. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 39147578 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c07079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Terminal oxygen radicals involving p- and d-block atoms are quite common, but s-block compounds with an oxygen radical character remain rare. Here, we report that alkaline-earth metal beryllium atoms react with OF2 to form the oxygen beryllium fluorides OBeF and OBeF2. These species are characterized by matrix-isolation infrared spectroscopy with isotopic substitution and quantum-chemical calculations. The linear molecule OBeF has a 2Π ground state with an oxyl radical character. The 3A2 (C2v) ground state of OBeF2 represents the unusual case of a triplet oxygen atom stabilized by a relatively weak interaction by the Lewis acidic BeF2. The interaction involves both a donor component from oxygen to empty Be orbitals and a back-bonding contribution from fluorine substituents toward oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohai Deng
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie-Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 34/36, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Marc Reimann
- Institut für Chemie, Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Sekr. C7, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - Deniz Meyer
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie-Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 34/36, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Xiya Xia
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie-Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 34/36, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Martin Kaupp
- Institut für Chemie, Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Sekr. C7, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - Sebastian Riedel
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie-Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 34/36, Berlin 14195, Germany
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2
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Pope C, Yun J, Reddy R, Jamir J, Kim D, Kim M, Asthagiri A, Weaver JF. Surface chlorination of IrO2(110) by HCl. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:064704. [PMID: 39132797 DOI: 10.1063/5.0224164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The ability to controllably chlorinate metal-oxide surfaces can provide opportunities for designing selective oxidation catalysts. In the present study, we investigated the surface chlorination of IrO2(110) by HCl using temperature programmed reaction spectroscopy (TPRS), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. We find that exposing IrO2(110) to HCl, followed by heating to 650 K in ultrahigh vacuum, produces nearly equal quantities of on-top and bridging Cl atoms on the surface, Clt and Clbr, where the Clbr atoms replace O-atoms that are removed from the surface by H2O formation. After HCl adsorption at 85 K, only H2O desorbs at low Cl coverages during TPRS, but HCl begins to desorb in increasing yields as the Cl coverage is increased above about 0.5 monolayer (ML). The desorption of Cl2 was not observed under any conditions, in good agreement with the high barrier for this reaction predicted by DFT. A maximum Cl coverage of 1 ML, with nearly equal coverages of Clt and Clbr atoms, could be generated by reacting HCl with IrO2(110) in UHV. Our results suggest that a kinetic competition between recombinative HCl and H2O desorption under the conditions studied limits the saturation Cl coverage to a value less than the 2 ML maximum predicted by thermodynamics. XPS further shows that the partitioning of Cl between the Clt and Clbr states can be altered by subjecting partially chlorinated IrO2(110) to reductive or oxidative treatments, demonstrating that the Cl site population can change dynamically in response to the gas environment. Our results provide insights for understanding the chlorination of IrO2(110) by HCl and can enable future experimental studies to determine how Cl-modification alters the surface chemical reactivity of IrO2(110) and potentially enhances selectivity toward partial oxidation chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Pope
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Jungwon Yun
- William G. Lowrie Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Rishikishore Reddy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Jovenal Jamir
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Dongjoon Kim
- William G. Lowrie Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Minkyu Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Aravind Asthagiri
- William G. Lowrie Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Jason F Weaver
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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3
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Ocampo-Restrepo VK, Vijay S, Gunasooriya GTKK, Nørskov JK. Characterization of adsorption sites on IrO 2via temperature programmed O 2 desorption simulations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:17396-17404. [PMID: 38860930 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01213e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
This study presents simulations of temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) profiles using desorption energy data from density functional theory (DFT) calculations. We apply this method to investigate the desorption of oxygen (O2) from IrO2(110) to gain insight into the kinetics of oxygen coupling and desorption, important elementary steps in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Initially, we confirm the thermodynamically stable adsorption site for oxygen in the pristine IrO2(110) as IrCUS, even with a high oxygen coverage. We successfully simulate TPD for O2 desorption, achieving good agreement with experimental TPD data for different initial oxygen exposures when including more than one adsorption site. We identify a new adsorption site, related to the formation of steps on IrO2(110)(IrCUS-step-0.5), that is essential for reproducing the experimental TPD. Our findings suggest that the observed TPD peaks are the result of different adsorption sites on the surface, rather than solely a lateral interactions effect. This work provides insight into the behavior of oxygen adsorption on IrO2, with implications for understanding surface reactivity and catalytic processes involving this material.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sudarshan Vijay
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Lyngby, Denmark.
| | | | - Jens K Nørskov
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Lyngby, Denmark.
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4
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Huang JE, Chen Y, Ou P, Ding X, Yan Y, Dorakhan R, Lum Y, Li XY, Bai Y, Wu C, Fan M, Lee MG, Miao RK, Liu Y, O'Brien C, Zhang J, Tian C, Liang Y, Xu Y, Luo M, Sinton D, Sargent EH. Selective Electrified Propylene-to-Propylene Glycol Oxidation on Activated Rh-Doped Pd. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:8641-8649. [PMID: 38470826 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Renewable-energy-powered electrosynthesis has the potential to contribute to decarbonizing the production of propylene glycol, a chemical that is used currently in the manufacture of polyesters and antifreeze and has a high carbon intensity. Unfortunately, to date, the electrooxidation of propylene under ambient conditions has suffered from a wide product distribution, leading to a low faradic efficiency toward the desired propylene glycol. We undertook mechanistic investigations and found that the reconstruction of Pd to PdO occurs, followed by hydroxide formation under anodic bias. The formation of this metastable hydroxide layer arrests the progressive dissolution of Pd in a locally acidic environment, increases the activity, and steers the reaction pathway toward propylene glycol. Rh-doped Pd further improves propylene glycol selectivity. Density functional theory (DFT) suggests that the Rh dopant lowers the energy associated with the production of the final intermediate in propylene glycol formation and renders the desorption step spontaneous, a concept consistent with experimental studies. We report a 75% faradic efficiency toward propylene glycol maintained over 100 h of operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Erick Huang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Yiqing Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Pengfei Ou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Xueda Ding
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Roham Dorakhan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Yanwei Lum
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Yang Bai
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Chengqian Wu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Mengyang Fan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Mi Gyoung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Rui Kai Miao
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Yanjiang Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Colin O'Brien
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Jinqiang Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Cong Tian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Yongxiang Liang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Mingchuan Luo
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
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5
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Mehar V, Edström H, Shipilin M, Hejral U, Wu C, Kadiri A, Albertin S, Hagman B, von Allmen K, Wiegmann T, Pfaff S, Drnec J, Zetterberg J, Lundgren E, Merte LR, Gustafson J, Weaver JF. Formation of Epitaxial PdO(100) During the Oxidation of Pd(100). J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:8493-8499. [PMID: 37721973 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic oxidation of CO and CH4 can be strongly influenced by the structures of oxide phases that form on metallic catalysts during reaction. Here, we show that an epitaxial PdO(100) structure forms at temperatures above 600 K during the oxidation of Pd(100) by gaseous O atoms as well as exposure to O2-rich mixtures at millibar partial pressures. The oxidation of Pd(100) by gaseous O atoms preferentially generates an epitaxial, multilayer PdO(101) structure at 500 K, but initiating Pd(100) oxidation above 600 K causes an epitaxial PdO(100) structure to grow concurrently with PdO(101) and produces a thicker and rougher oxide. We present evidence that this change in the oxidation behavior is caused by a temperature-induced change in the stability of small PdO domains that initiate oxidation. Our discovery of the epitaxial PdO(100) structure may be significant for developing relationships among oxide structure, catalytic activity, and reaction conditions for applications of oxidation catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Mehar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Helen Edström
- Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Mikhail Shipilin
- Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Uta Hejral
- Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Chengjun Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Aravind Kadiri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Stefano Albertin
- Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Benjamin Hagman
- Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Kim von Allmen
- Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Tim Wiegmann
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Kiel University, D-24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Sebastian Pfaff
- Division of Combustion Physics, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jakub Drnec
- Experimental Division, ESRF, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Johan Zetterberg
- Division of Combustion Physics, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Edvin Lundgren
- Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Lindsay R Merte
- Materials Science and Applied Mathematics, Malmö University, SE-204 06 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Johan Gustafson
- Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jason F Weaver
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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6
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Operando CO Infrared Spectroscopy and On-Line Mass Spectrometry for Studying the Active Phase of IrO2 in the Catalytic CO Oxidation Reaction. INORGANICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics11030102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We combine operando diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) with on-line mass spectrometry (MS) to study the correlation between the oxidation state of titania-supported IrO2 catalysts (IrO2@TiO2) and their catalytic activity in the prototypical CO oxidation reaction. Here, the stretching vibration of adsorbed COad serves as the probe. DRIFTS provides information on both surface and gas phase species. Partially reduced IrO2 is shown to be significantly more active than its fully oxidized counterpart, with onset and full conversion temperatures being about 50 °C lower for reduced IrO2. By operando DRIFTS, this increase in activity is traced to a partially reduced state of the catalysts, as evidenced by a broad IR band of adsorbed CO reaching from 2080 to 1800 cm−1.
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7
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Cai J, Ling Y, Zhang H, Yang B, Yang F, Liu Z. Formation of Different Rh–O Species on Rh(110) and Their Reaction with CO. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cai
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yunjian Ling
- Center for Transformative Science, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Bo Yang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Center for Transformative Science, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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8
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Xu J, Xie W, Han Y, Hu P. Atomistic Insights into the Oxidation of Flat and Stepped Platinum Surfaces Using Large-Scale Machine Learning Potential-Based Grand-Canonical Monte Carlo. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, BelfastBT9 5AG, U.K
| | - Wenbo Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, BelfastBT9 5AG, U.K
| | - Yulan Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, BelfastBT9 5AG, U.K
| | - P. Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, BelfastBT9 5AG, U.K
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9
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Lee CJ, Vashishtha S, Shariff M, Zou F, Shi J, Meyer RJ, Weaver JF. Kinetics and selectivity of methane oxidation on an IrO 2(110) film. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:284002. [PMID: 34927604 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac449f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Undercoordinated, bridging O-atoms (Obr) are highly active as H-acceptors in alkane dehydrogenation on IrO2(110) surfaces but transform to HObrgroups that are inactive toward hydrocarbons. The low C-H activity and high stability of the HObrgroups cause the kinetics and product selectivity during CH4oxidation on IrO2(110) to depend sensitively on the availability of Obratoms prior to the onset of product desorption. From temperature programmed reaction spectroscopy (TPRS) and kinetic simulations, we identified two Obr-coverage regimes that distinguish the kinetics and product formation during CH4oxidation on IrO2(110). Under excess Obrconditions, when the initial Obrcoverage is greater than that needed to oxidize all the CH4to CO2and HObrgroups, complete CH4oxidation is dominant and produces CO2in a single TPRS peak between 450 and 500 K. However, under Obr-limited conditions, nearly all the initial Obratoms are deactivated by conversion to HObror abstracted after only a fraction of the initially adsorbed CH4oxidizes to CO2and CO below 500 K. Thereafter, some of the excess CHxgroups abstract H and desorb as CH4above ∼500 K while the remainder oxidize to CO2and CO at a rate that is controlled by the rate at which Obratoms are regenerated from HObrduring the formation of CH4and H2O products. We also show that chemisorbed O-atoms ('on-top O') on IrO2(110) enhance CO2production below 500 K by efficiently abstracting H from Obratoms and thereby increasing the coverage of Obratoms available to completely oxidize CHxgroups at low temperature. Our results provide new insights for understanding factors which govern the kinetics and selectivity during CH4oxidation on IrO2(110) surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States of America
| | - Saumye Vashishtha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States of America
| | - Mohammed Shariff
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States of America
| | - Fangrong Zou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States of America
| | - Junjie Shi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States of America
| | - Randall J Meyer
- ExxonMobil Research and Engineering, Annandale, NJ 08801,United States of America
| | - Jason F Weaver
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States of America
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10
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Martin R, Lee CJ, Mehar V, Kim M, Asthagiri A, Weaver JF. Catalytic Oxidation of Methane on IrO2(110) Films Investigated Using Ambient-Pressure X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c06045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Martin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Christopher J. Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Vikram Mehar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Minkyu Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Aravind Asthagiri
- William G. Lowrie Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Jason F. Weaver
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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11
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Hernández Guiance S, Torres S, Coria D, Irurzun I. A combined infrared spectroscopy and density functional theory study of the CH4 and O2 reaction on Cr2O3/γ-Al2O3. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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12
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Hong JC, Kuo TC, Yang GL, Hsieh CT, Shen MH, Chao TH, Lu Q, Cheng MJ. Atomistic Insights into Cl –-Triggered Highly Selective Ethylene Electrochemical Oxidation to Epoxide on RuO 2: Unexpected Role of the In Situ Generated Intermediate to Achieve Active Site Isolation. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Cheng Hong
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Chun Kuo
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Lin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tien Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hsiu Shen
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Chao
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Qi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
| | - Mu-Jeng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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13
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Fertig AA, Brennessel WW, McKone JR, Matson EM. Concerted Multiproton-Multielectron Transfer for the Reduction of O 2 to H 2O with a Polyoxovanadate Cluster. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:15756-15768. [PMID: 34528799 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The concerted transfer of protons and electrons enables the activation of small-molecule substrates by bypassing energetically costly intermediates. Here, we present the synthesis and characterization of several hydrogenated forms of an organofunctionalized vanadium oxide assembly, [V6O13(TRIOLNO2)2]2-, and their ability to facilitate the concerted transfer of protons and electrons to O2. Electrochemical analysis reveals that the fully reduced cluster is capable of mediating 2e-/2H+ transfer reactions from surface hydroxide ligands, with an average bond dissociation free energy (BDFE) of 61.6 kcal/mol. Complementary stoichiometric experiments with hydrogen-atom-accepting reagents of established bond strengths confirm that the electrochemically established BDFE predicts the 2H+/2e- transfer reactivity of the assembly. Finally, the reactivity of the reduced polyoxovanadate toward O2 reduction is summarized; our results indicate a stepwise reduction of the substrate, proceeding through H2O2 en route to the formation of H2O. Kinetic isotope effect experiments confirm the participation of hydrogen transfer in the rate-determining step of both the reduction of O2 and H2O2. This work constitutes the first example of hydrogen atom transfer for small-molecule activation with reduced polyoxometalates, where both electron and proton originate from the cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex A Fertig
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - William W Brennessel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - James R McKone
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Ellen M Matson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
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14
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Turano ME, Jamka EA, Gillum MZ, Gibson KD, Farber RG, Walkosz W, Sibener SJ, Rosenberg RA, Killelea DR. Emergence of Subsurface Oxygen on Rh(111). J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:5844-5849. [PMID: 34138568 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen atoms on transition metal surfaces are highly mobile under the demanding pressures and temperatures typically employed for heterogeneously catalyzed oxidation reactions. This mobility allows for rapid surface diffusion of oxygen atoms, as well as absorption into the subsurface and reemergence to the surface, resulting in variable reactivity. Subsurface oxygen atoms play a unique role in the chemistry of oxidized metal catalysts, yet little is known about how subsurface oxygen is formed or returns to the surface. Furthermore, if oxygen diffusion between the surface and subsurface is mediated by defects, there will be localized changes in the surface chemistry due to the elevated oxygen concentration near the emergence sites. We observed that oxygen atoms emerge preferentially along the boundary between surface phases and that subsurface oxygen is depleted before the surface oxide decomposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie E Turano
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, 1068 W. Sheridan Road, Chicago, Illinois 60660, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Jamka
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, 1068 W. Sheridan Road, Chicago, Illinois 60660, United States
| | - Maxwell Z Gillum
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, 1068 W. Sheridan Road, Chicago, Illinois 60660, United States
| | - K D Gibson
- Department of Chemistry and The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, 929 E. 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Rachael G Farber
- Department of Chemistry and The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, 929 E. 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Weronika Walkosz
- Department of Physics, Lake Forest College, 555 N. Sheridan Road, Lake Forest, Illinois 60045, United States
| | - S J Sibener
- Department of Chemistry and The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, 929 E. 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Richard A Rosenberg
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Daniel R Killelea
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, 1068 W. Sheridan Road, Chicago, Illinois 60660, United States
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15
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Tsuji Y, Kurino K, Yoshizawa K. Mixed Anion Control of the Partial Oxidation of Methane to Methanol on the β-PtO 2 Surface. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:13858-13869. [PMID: 34095678 PMCID: PMC8173611 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although the C-H bond of methane is very strong, it can be easily dissociated on the (110) surface of β-PtO2. This is because a very stable Pt-C bond is formed between the coordinatively unsaturated Pt atom and CH3 on the surface. Owing to the stable nature of the Pt-C bond, CH3 is strongly bound to the surface. When it comes to methanol synthesis from methane, the Pt-C bond has to be cleaved to form a C-O bond during the reaction process. However, this is unlikely to occur on the β-PtO2 surface: The activation energy of the process is calculated to be so large as 47.9 kcal/mol. If the surface can be modified in such a way that the ability for the C-H bond activation is maintained but the Pt-C bond is weakened, a catalyst combining the functions of C-H bond cleavage and C-O bond formation can be created. For this purpose, analyzing the orbital interactions on the surface is found to be very useful, resulting in a prediction that the Pt-C bond can be weakened by replacing the O atom trans to the C atom with a N atom. This would be a sort of process to make β-PtO2 a mixed anion compound. Density functional theory simulations of catalytic reactions on the β-PtO2 surface show that the activation energy of the rate-limiting step of methanol synthesis can be reduced to 27.7 kcal/mol by doping the surface with N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Tsuji
- Institute for Materials Chemistry
and Engineering and IRCCS, Kyushu University, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Keita Kurino
- Institute for Materials Chemistry
and Engineering and IRCCS, Kyushu University, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshizawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry
and Engineering and IRCCS, Kyushu University, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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16
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Munz D, Meyer K. Charge frustration in ligand design and functional group transfer. Nat Rev Chem 2021; 5:422-439. [PMID: 37118028 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-021-00276-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Molecules with different resonance structures of similar importance, such as heterocumulenes and mesoionics, are prominent in many applications of chemistry, including 'click chemistry', photochemistry, switching and sensing. In coordination chemistry, similar chameleonic/schizophrenic entities are referred to as ambidentate/ambiphilic or cooperative ligands. Examples of these had remained, for a long time, limited to a handful of archetypal compounds that were mere curiosities. In this Review, we describe ambiphilicity - or, rather, 'charge frustration' - as a general guiding principle for ligand design and functional group transfer. We first give a historical account of organic zwitterions and discuss their electronic structures and applications. Our discussion then focuses on zwitterionic ligands and their metal complexes, such as those of ylidic and redox-active ligands. Finally, we present new approaches to single-atom transfer using cumulated small molecules and outline emerging areas, such as bond activation and stable donor-acceptor ligand systems for reversible 1e- chemistry or switching.
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17
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Goodwin CM, Shipilin M, Albertin S, Hejral U, Lömker P, Wang HY, Blomberg S, Degerman D, Schlueter C, Nilsson A, Lundgren E, Amann P. The Structure of the Active Pd State During Catalytic Carbon Monoxide Oxidization. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:4461-4465. [PMID: 33955763 PMCID: PMC8279738 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Using grazing incidence X-rays and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy during the mass transfer limited catalytic oxidation of CO, the long-range surface structure of Pd(100) was investigated. Under the reaction conditions of 50:4 O2 to CO, 300 mbar pressure, and temperatures between 200 and 450 °C, the surface structure resulting from oxidation and the subsequent oxide reduction was elucidated. The reduction cycle was halted, and while under reaction conditions, angle-dependent X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy close to the critical angle of Pd and modeling of the data was performed. Two proposed models for the system were compared. The suggestion with the metallic islands formed on top of the oxide island was shown to be consistent with the data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mikhail Shipilin
- Department
of Physics, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefano Albertin
- Synchrotron
Radiation Research, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Uta Hejral
- Synchrotron
Radiation Research, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Patrick Lömker
- Photon
Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron
(DESY), 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hsin-Yi Wang
- Department
of Physics, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Blomberg
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - David Degerman
- Department
of Physics, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christoph Schlueter
- Photon
Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron
(DESY), 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anders Nilsson
- Department
of Physics, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Edvin Lundgren
- Synchrotron
Radiation Research, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Peter Amann
- Department
of Physics, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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18
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Martin R, Kim M, Asthagiri A, Weaver JF. Alkane Activation and Oxidation on Late-Transition-Metal Oxides: Challenges and Opportunities. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Martin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Minkyu Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Aravind Asthagiri
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Jason F. Weaver
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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19
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Jovic V, Consiglio A, Smith KE, Jozwiak C, Bostwick A, Rotenberg E, Di Sante D, Moser S. Momentum for Catalysis: How Surface Reactions Shape the RuO 2 Flat Surface State. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vedran Jovic
- Advanced Light Source, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Institute of Geological and Nuclear Science, Wellington 5012, New Zealand
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Armando Consiglio
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kevin E. Smith
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Chris Jozwiak
- Advanced Light Source, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Aaron Bostwick
- Advanced Light Source, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Eli Rotenberg
- Advanced Light Source, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Domenico Di Sante
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Simon Moser
- Advanced Light Source, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Physikalisches Institut and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg 97074, Germany
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20
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Mehar V, Almithn A, Egle T, Yu MH, O’Connor CR, Karatok M, Madix RJ, Hibbitts D, Weaver JF. Oxophilicity Drives Oxygen Transfer at a Palladium–Silver Interface for Increased CO Oxidation Activity. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Mehar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Abdulrahman Almithn
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tobias Egle
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Ming-Hung Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Christopher R. O’Connor
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Mustafa Karatok
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Robert J. Madix
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - David Hibbitts
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Jason F. Weaver
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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21
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Martin R, Kim M, Lee CJ, Mehar V, Albertin S, Hejral U, Merte LR, Lundgren E, Asthagiri A, Weaver JF. High-Resolution X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy of an IrO 2(110) Film on Ir(100). J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:7184-7189. [PMID: 32787312 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and density functional theory (DFT) were used to characterize IrO2(110) films on Ir(100) with stoichiometric as well as OH-rich terminations. Core-level Ir 4f and O 1s peaks were identified for the undercoordinated Ir and O atoms and bridging and on-top OH groups at the IrO2(110) surfaces. Peak assignments were validated by comparison of the core-level shifts determined experimentally with those computed using DFT, quantitative analysis of the concentrations of surface species, and the measured variation of the Ir 4f peak intensities with photoelectron kinetic energy. We show that exposure of the IrO2(110) surface to O2 near room temperature produces a large quantity of on-top OH groups because of reaction of background H2 with the surface. The peak assignments made in this study can serve as a foundation for future experiments designed to utilize XPS to uncover atomic-level details of the surface chemistry of IrO2(110).
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Affiliation(s)
- R Martin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - M Kim
- William G. Lowrie Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - C J Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - V Mehar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - S Albertin
- Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - U Hejral
- Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - L R Merte
- Materials Science and Applied Mathematics, Malmö University, SE-205 06 Malmö, Sweden
| | - E Lundgren
- Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - A Asthagiri
- William G. Lowrie Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - J F Weaver
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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22
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Senanayake SD, Rodriguez JA, Weaver JF. Low Temperature Activation of Methane on Metal-Oxides and Complex Interfaces: Insights from Surface Science. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:1488-1497. [PMID: 32659076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusThe abundance of cheap, natural gas has transformed the energy landscape, whereby revealing new possibilities for sustainable chemical technologies or impacting those that have relied on traditional fossil fuels. The primary component, methane, is underutilized and wastefully exhausted, leading to anthropogenic global warming. Historically, the manipulation of methane remained "clavis aurea," an insurmountable yet rewarding challenge and thus the focus of intense research. This is primarily due to an inability to dissociate C-H bonds in methane selectively, which requires a high energy penalty and is an essential prerequisite for the direct conversion of methane into a large set of value-added products. The discovery of such processes would promise an energy gainful use of natural gas benefiting several essential chemical processes associated with C1 chemistry. This first C-H bond dissociation step of the methane molecule appears in numerous catalytic mechanisms as the rate-determining step or most essential barrier sequence for all subsequent steps that follow in the production of C-C, C-O, or Cx-Hy-Oz bonds found in value added products. A main goal is to catalytically reduce the energy barrier for the first C-H bond dissociation to be able to achieve the activation of methane at low or moderate temperatures. As such there is great value in understanding the fundamental nature of the active sites responsible for bond breaking or formation and thus be able to facilitate better control of this chemistry, leading to the development of new technologies for fuel production and chemical conversion. Surface science studies offer enhanced perspectives for a careful manipulation of bonds over the last layer atoms of catalyst surfaces, an essential factor for the design of atomically precise catalysts and unravelling of the reaction mechanism. With the advent of new surface imaging, spectroscopy, and in situ tools, it has been possible to decipher the surface chemistry of complex materials systems and further our understanding of atomic active sites on the surfaces of metals, oxides, and carbides or metal-oxide and metal-carbide interfaces. The once considered near impossible step of C-H bond activation is now observed at low temperatures with high propensity over a collection of oxide, metal-oxide, and metal-carbide systems in a conventional or inverse configuration (oxide or carbide on metal). The enabling of C-H activation at low temperature has opened interesting possibilities for the specific production of chemicals such as methanol directly from methane, a step toward facile synthesis of liquid fuels. We highlight the most recent of these results and present the key aspects of active site configurations engineered from surface science studies which enable such a simple reactive event through careful manipulation of the last surface layer of atoms found in the catalyst structure. New concepts which help in the activation and conversion of methane are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjaya D. Senanayake
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - José A. Rodriguez
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Jason F. Weaver
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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23
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Karatok M, Egle T, Mehar V, O’Connor CR, Yu MH, Friend CM, Weaver JF. Reduction of Oxidized Pd/Ag(111) Surfaces by H 2: Sensitivity to PdO Island Size and Dispersion. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Karatok
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Tobias Egle
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Vikram Mehar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Christopher R. O’Connor
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Ming-Hung Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Cynthia M. Friend
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Jason F. Weaver
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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24
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Su HY, Ma X, Sun K, Sun C, Xu Y, Calle-Vallejo F. Trends in C-O and N-O bond scission on rutile oxides described using oxygen vacancy formation energies. Chem Sci 2020; 11:4119-4124. [PMID: 34122877 PMCID: PMC8152721 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc00534g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactivity trends on transition metals can generally be understood through the d-band model, but no analogous theory exists for transition metal oxides. This limits the generality of analyses in oxide-based catalysis and surface chemistry and has motivated the appearance of numerous descriptors. Here we show that oxygen vacancy formation energy (ΔE Vac) is an inexpensive yet accurate and general descriptor for trends in transition-state energies, which are usually difficult to assess. For rutile-type oxides (MO2 with M = 3d metals from Ti to Ni), we show that ΔE Vac captures the trends in C-O and N-O bond scission of CO2, CH3OH, N2O, and NH2OH at oxygen vacancies. The proportionality between ΔE Vac and transition-state energies is rationalized by analyzing the oxygen-metal bonds, which change from ionic to covalent from TiO2 to NiO2. ΔE Vac may be used to design oxide catalysts, in particular those where lattice oxygen and/or oxygen vacancies participate in the catalytic cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yan Su
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology Dongguan 523808 China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science Dalian 116023 China
| | - Xiufang Ma
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Keju Sun
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University 438 Hebei Avenue Qinhuangdao 066004 China
| | - Chenghua Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology Dongguan 523808 China.,Centre for Translational Atomaterials, Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn Victoria 3122 Australia
| | - Yongjun Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology Dongguan 523808 China
| | - Federico Calle-Vallejo
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), Universitat de Barcelona Martí i Franquès 1 08028 Barcelona Spain
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25
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Martin R, Kim M, Lee CJ, Shariff MS, Feng F, Meyer RJ, Asthagiri A, Weaver JF. Molecular chemisorption of N 2 on IrO 2(110). J Chem Phys 2020; 152:074712. [PMID: 32087661 DOI: 10.1063/1.5142210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated adsorption of N2 on stoichiometric and O-rich IrO2(110) surfaces using temperature programmed desorption (TPD) experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. TPD shows that N2 desorbs predominantly from the stoichiometric-IrO2(110) surface in a well-defined peak at 270 K for N2 coverages below about 0.5 ML and that a shoulder centered near 235 K develops in the N2 TPD traces as the coverage approaches saturation, indicating that adsorbed N2 molecules destabilize at high N2 coverages. Experiments of N2 adsorption onto O-rich IrO2(110) surfaces provide evidence that N2 adsorbs exclusively on the coordinatively unsaturated Ir atoms (Ircus) of the surface and that pre-adsorbed O-atoms ("on-top" oxygen) stabilize adsorbed N2 molecules, causing the main N2 TPD peak to shift toward higher temperature with increasing oxygen coverages. Consistent with prior results, our DFT calculations predict that an N2 molecule preferentially adsorbs into an upright configuration on an Ircus atom of the IrO2(110) surface and achieves a binding energy of about 100 kJ/mol. The computed binding energy agrees well with our experimental estimate of ∼90 kJ/mol for low N2 coverages on stoichiometric IrO2(110). The DFT calculations also quantitatively reproduce the observed stabilization of N2 by co-adsorption on-top O-atoms and predict the destabilization of N2 on IrO2(110) as the N2 adlayer becomes crowded at high coverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Martin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - M Kim
- William G. Lowrie Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - C J Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - M S Shariff
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - F Feng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - R J Meyer
- ExxonMobil Research and Engineering, Annandale, New Jersey 08801, USA
| | - A Asthagiri
- William G. Lowrie Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - J F Weaver
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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26
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Inverse temperature hysteresis and self-sustained oscillations in CO oxidation over Pd at elevated pressures of reaction mixture: Experiment and mathematical modeling. Chem Eng Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2019.115312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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27
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Mehar V, O’Connor CR, Egle T, Karatok M, Madix RJ, Friend CM, Weaver JF. Growth and auto-oxidation of Pd on single-layer AgOx/Ag(111). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:6202-6209. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06973a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pd is auto-oxidized during deposition onto AgOx and undergoes a transition from single to bi-layer growth at low Pd coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Mehar
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of Florida
- Gainesville
- USA
| | | | - Tobias Egle
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Harvard University
- Cambridge
- USA
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences
| | - Mustafa Karatok
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Harvard University
- Cambridge
- USA
| | - Robert J. Madix
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences
- Harvard University
- Cambridge
- USA
| | - Cynthia M. Friend
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Harvard University
- Cambridge
- USA
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences
| | - Jason F. Weaver
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of Florida
- Gainesville
- USA
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28
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Fung V, Hu G, Tao F(F, Jiang D. Methane Chemisorption on Oxide‐Supported Pt Single Atom. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:2217-2220. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Fung
- Department of Chemistry University of California Riverside, California 92521 United States
| | - Guoxiang Hu
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 United States
| | - Franklin (Feng) Tao
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering University of Kansas Lawrence KS 66045
| | - De‐en Jiang
- Department of Chemistry University of California Riverside, California 92521 United States
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29
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Xu X, Liu F, Huang J, Luo W, Yu J, Fang X, Lebedeva OE, Wang X. The Influence of RuO
2
Distribution and Dispersion on the Reactivity of RuO
2
−SnO
2
Composite Oxide Catalysts Probed by CO Oxidation. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201802095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xianglan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis, College of ChemistryNanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330031 P.R. China
| | - Fuyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis, College of ChemistryNanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330031 P.R. China
| | - Jin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis, College of ChemistryNanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330031 P.R. China
| | - Wenping Luo
- Ji'an Environment Monitoring Station Ji'an Jiangxi 343000 P.R. China
| | - Jing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis, College of ChemistryNanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330031 P.R. China
| | - Xiuzhong Fang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis, College of ChemistryNanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330031 P.R. China
| | - Olga E. Lebedeva
- Belgorod State National Research University Pobeda Str., 85 Belgorod 308015 Russian Federation
| | - Xiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis, College of ChemistryNanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330031 P.R. China
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30
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Saraev AA, Vinokurov ZS, Shmakov AN, Kaichev VV, Bukhtiyarov VI. The Reasons for Nonlinear Phenomena in Oxidation of Methane over Nickel. KINETICS AND CATALYSIS 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0023158418060149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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31
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Wang F, Xia C, de Visser SP, Wang Y. How Does the Oxidation State of Palladium Surfaces Affect the Reactivity and Selectivity of Direct Synthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide from Hydrogen and Oxygen Gases? A Density Functional Study. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:901-910. [PMID: 30561995 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b10281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Direct synthesis of H2O2 from H2 and O2 is an environmentally benign and atom economic process and as such is the ideal pathway in catalysis. However, currently no low-cost pathway of this kind of catalysis exists, although it would be an attractive alternative strategy to the common industrial anthraquinone method for H2O2 production. Metal-based catalysts are widely employed in such a direct synthesis process but often need to be oxidized, alloyed, or supplied with additives to make them selective. To understand the metal-oxidation state in heterogeneous catalysis, we studied the selective oxidation of hydrogen by molecular oxygen on Pd(111) and PdO(101) surfaces, leading to either H2O2 or H2O products. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, that the oxidized PdO(101) surface clearly shows better performance and selectivity, as compared to the reduced Pd(111) one. The activation barrier on the oxidized Pd surface is ca. 0.2 eV lower than the one on the reduced Pd surface. On the oxidized surface, the H2O2 synthesis route is preferred, while, on the reduced surface, the H2O route is predominant. The decomposition of H2O2 is also greatly inhibited on the oxidized surface. We analyzed the different pathways in detail through thermochemical cycles, which establishes that the oxidized surface shows weaker adsorption ability toward the reagents O2 and H2, the key intermediate OOH, and also the product H2O2 in comparison with the Pd(111) surface, which we believe affect the selectivity. The work presented here clearly shows that the oxidation state of metal surfaces is one of the most important factors that tunes the catalysis of a chemical reaction and can affect the selectivity and reaction patterns dramatically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP) , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000 , P. R. China
| | - Chungu Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP) , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000 , P. R. China
| | - Sam P de Visser
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science , The University of Manchester , 131 Princess Street , Manchester M1 7DN , United Kingdom
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP) , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000 , P. R. China.,Institute of Drug Discovery Technology , Ningbo University , Ningbo 315211 , P. R. China
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32
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Cheng X, Wang Z, Mao Y, Hu P. Evidence of the O–Pd–O and Pd–O4 structure units as oxide seeds and their origin on Pd(211): revealing the mechanism of surface oxide formation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:6499-6505. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp06224b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The formation of surface oxides on metal surfaces is not only important in materials science, but also of significance in heterogeneous catalysis due to the fact that during most oxidation reactions the metal catalysts are inevitably oxidized, which may cause dramatic consequences in the reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiran Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- The Queen's University Belfast
- UK
| | - Ziyun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- The Queen's University Belfast
- UK
| | - Yu Mao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- The Queen's University Belfast
- UK
| | - P. Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- The Queen's University Belfast
- UK
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33
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Anu Prathap MU, Kaur B, Srivastava R. Electrochemical Sensor Platforms Based on Nanostructured Metal Oxides, and Zeolite-Based Materials. CHEM REC 2018; 19:883-907. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. U. Anu Prathap
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering; University of Wisconsin−Madison; 460 Henry Mall Madison, WI 53706 USA
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Ropar; Rupnagar Punjab 140001 India
| | - Balwinder Kaur
- Department of Chemistry; University of Massachusetts Lowell; 256 Riverside Street,Olney Hall Lowell, MA 01845 USA
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Ropar; Rupnagar Punjab 140001 India
| | - Rajendra Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Ropar; Rupnagar Punjab 140001 India
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34
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Farber RG, Turano ME, Killelea DR. Identification of Surface Sites for Low-Temperature Heterogeneously Catalyzed CO Oxidation on Rh(111). ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b03887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachael G. Farber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, 1068 W. Sheridan Road, Chicago, Illinois 60660, United States
| | - Marie E. Turano
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, 1068 W. Sheridan Road, Chicago, Illinois 60660, United States
| | - Daniel R. Killelea
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, 1068 W. Sheridan Road, Chicago, Illinois 60660, United States
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35
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Mehar V, Kim M, Shipilin M, Van den Bossche M, Gustafson J, Merte LR, Hejral U, Grönbeck H, Lundgren E, Asthagiri A, Weaver JF. Understanding the Intrinsic Surface Reactivity of Single-Layer and Multilayer PdO(101) on Pd(100). ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b02191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Mehar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Minkyu Kim
- William G. Lowrie Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Mikhail Shipilin
- Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Maxime Van den Bossche
- Department of Physics and Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Gustafson
- Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Lindsay R. Merte
- Materials Science and Applied Mathematics, Malmö University, SE-205 06 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Uta Hejral
- Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Henrik Grönbeck
- Department of Physics and Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Edvin Lundgren
- Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Aravind Asthagiri
- William G. Lowrie Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Jason F. Weaver
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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36
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Owczarek S, Lambeets SV, Barroo C, Bryl R, Markowski L, Visart de Bocarmé T. Oxygen Assisted Morphological Changes of Pt Nanosized Crystals. Top Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-018-0984-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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37
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Su YQ, Liu JX, Filot IAW, Zhang L, Hensen EJM. Highly Active and Stable CH 4 Oxidation by Substitution of Ce 4+ by Two Pd 2+ Ions in CeO 2(111). ACS Catal 2018; 8:6552-6559. [PMID: 30023135 PMCID: PMC6046217 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b01477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Methane (CH4) combustion is an increasingly important reaction for environmental protection, for which Pd/CeO2 has emerged as the preferred catalyst. There is a lack of understanding of the nature of the active site in these catalysts. Here, we use density functional theory to understand the role of doping of Pd in the ceria surface for generating sites highly active toward the C-H bonds in CH4. Specifically, we demonstrate that two Pd2+ ions can substitute one Ce4+ ion, resulting in a very stable structure containing a highly coordinated unsaturated Pd cation that can strongly adsorb CH4 and dissociate the first C-H bond with a low energy barrier. An important aspect of the high activity of the stabilized isolated Pd cation is its ability to form a strong σ-complex with CH4, which leads to effective activation of CH4. We show that also other transition metals like Pt, Rh, and Ni can give rise to similar structures with high activity toward C-H bond dissociation. These insights provide us with a novel structural view of solid solutions of transition metals such as Pt, Pd, Ni, and Rh in CeO2, known to exhibit high activity in CH4 combustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qiong Su
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jin-Xun Liu
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ivo A. W. Filot
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Long Zhang
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel J. M. Hensen
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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38
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Li R, Byun J, Huang W, Ayed C, Wang L, Zhang KAI. Poly(benzothiadiazoles) and Their Derivatives as Heterogeneous Photocatalysts for Visible-Light-Driven Chemical Transformations. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Run Li
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jeehye Byun
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Wei Huang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Cyrine Ayed
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Lei Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Kai A. I. Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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39
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Rai R, Weaver JF. Methanol oxidation on stoichiometric and oxygen-rich RuO 2(110). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:18975-18987. [PMID: 28702542 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03143b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We used temperature-programmed reaction spectroscopy (TPRS) to investigate the adsorption and oxidation of methanol on stoichiometric and O-rich RuO2(110) surfaces. We find that the complete oxidation of CH3OH is strongly preferred on stoichiometric RuO2(110) during TPRS for initial CH3OH coverages below ∼0.33 ML (monolayer), and that partial oxidation to mainly CH2O becomes increasingly favored with increasing CH3OH coverage from 0.33 to 1.0 ML. We present evidence that an adsorbed CH2O2 species serves as the key intermediate to complete oxidation and that CH2O2 formation is intrinsically facile but becomes limited by the availability of bridging O-atoms on stoichiometric RuO2(110) at initial CH3OH coverages above 0.33 ML. We show that methanol molecules adsorbed in excess of 0.33 ML dehydrogenate to mainly CH2O and desorb during TPRS, with adsorbed CH3O groups mediating the evolution of both CH2O and CH3OH. We find that O-rich RuO2(110) surfaces are also highly active toward methanol oxidation and that selectivity toward the complete oxidation of methanol increases markedly with increasing coverage of on-top O-atoms (Oot) on RuO2(110). Our results demonstrate that CH3OH species adsorbed within Oot-rich domains react efficiently during TPRS, in parallel with reaction of CH3OH adsorbed initially on cus-Ru sites. The data suggests that the facile hydrogenation of Oot atoms and the resulting desorption of H2O at low-temperature (<∼400 K) provides an efficient pathway for restoring reactive O-atoms and thereby promoting complete oxidation of methanol on the O-rich RuO2(110) surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Rai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Jason F Weaver
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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40
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Li T, Kim M, Rai R, Liang Z, Asthagiri A, Weaver JF. Adsorption of alkanes on stoichiometric and oxygen-rich RuO2(110). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 18:22647-60. [PMID: 27477390 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04195g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the molecular adsorption of methane, ethane, propane and n-butane on stoichiometric and oxygen-rich RuO2(110) surfaces using temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) and dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT-D3) calculations. We find that each alkane adsorbs strongly on the coordinatively-unsaturated Ru (Rucus) atoms of s-RuO2(110), with desorption from this state producing a well-defined TPD peak at low alkane coverage. As the coverage increases, we find that alkanes first form a compressed layer on the Rucus atoms and subsequently adsorb on the bridging O atoms of the surface until the monolayer saturates. DFT-D3 calculations predict that methane preferentially adsorbs on top of a Rucus atom and that the C2 to C4 alkanes preferentially adopt bidentate configurations in which each molecule aligns parallel to the Rucus atom row and datively bonds to neighboring Rucus atoms. DFT-D3 predicts binding energies that agree quantitatively with our experimental estimates for alkane σ-complexes on RuO2(110). We find that oxygen atoms adsorbed on top of Rucus atoms (Oot atoms) stabilize the adsorbed alkane complexes that bind in a given configuration, while also blocking the sites needed for σ-complex formation. This site blocking causes the coverage of the most stable, bidentate alkane complexes to decrease sharply with increasing Oot coverage. Concurrently, we find that a new peak develops in the C2 to C4 alkane TPD spectra with increasing Oot coverage, and that the desorption yield in this TPD feature passes through a maximum at Oot coverages between ∼50% and 60%. We present evidence that the new TPD peak arises from C2 to C4 alkanes that adsorb in upright, monodentate configurations on stranded Rucus sites located within the Oot layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Minkyu Kim
- William G. Lowrie Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Rahul Rai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Zhu Liang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Aravind Asthagiri
- William G. Lowrie Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jason F Weaver
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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41
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Flaherty DW. Direct Synthesis of H2O2 from H2 and O2 on Pd Catalysts: Current Understanding, Outstanding Questions, and Research Needs. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b04107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David W. Flaherty
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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42
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Zhu X, Du L, Guo Z, Chen S, Wu B, Liu X, Yan X, Takeuchi N, Kobayashi H, Li R. Tandem catalysis induced by hollow PdO: highly efficient H2 generation coupled with organic dye degradation via sodium formate reforming. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cy01551a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A unique tandem catalytic system by coupling H2 production with organic dye degradation is achieved by hollow PdO.
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43
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Fung V, Tao F(F, Jiang DE. Low-temperature activation of methane on doped single atoms: descriptor and prediction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:22909-22914. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03191f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We predict that Pt and several other single atoms on rutile TiO2(110) can chemisorb and activate methane at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Fung
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
- Riverside
- USA
| | - Franklin (Feng) Tao
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering and Department of Chemistry
- University of Kansas
- Lawrence
- USA
| | - De-en Jiang
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
- Riverside
- USA
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44
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Weak binding mode of CH 4 on rutile crystallites from density functional theory calculations. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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45
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Willis JJ, Gallo A, Sokaras D, Aljama H, Nowak SH, Goodman ED, Wu L, Tassone CJ, Jaramillo TF, Abild-Pedersen F, Cargnello M. Systematic Structure–Property Relationship Studies in Palladium-Catalyzed Methane Complete Combustion. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b02414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J. Willis
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and
Catalysis, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Alessandro Gallo
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and
Catalysis, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford
Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford
Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Hassan Aljama
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and
Catalysis, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Stanislaw H. Nowak
- Stanford
Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Emmett D. Goodman
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and
Catalysis, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Liheng Wu
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and
Catalysis, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford
Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Christopher J. Tassone
- Stanford
Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Thomas F. Jaramillo
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and
Catalysis, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Frank Abild-Pedersen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and
Catalysis, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Matteo Cargnello
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and
Catalysis, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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46
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Influence of nickel(II) oxide surface magnetism on molecule adsorption: A first-principles study. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(17)62883-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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47
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Weaver JF, Choi J, Mehar V, Wu C. Kinetic Coupling among Metal and Oxide Phases during CO Oxidation on Partially Reduced PdO(101): Influence of Gas-Phase Composition. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b02570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason F. Weaver
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Juhee Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Vikram Mehar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Chengjun Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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48
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Lundgren E, Zhang C, Merte LR, Shipilin M, Blomberg S, Hejral U, Zhou J, Zetterberg J, Gustafson J. Novel in Situ Techniques for Studies of Model Catalysts. Acc Chem Res 2017; 50:2326-2333. [PMID: 28880530 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Motivated mainly by catalysis, gas-surface interaction between single crystal surfaces and molecules has been studied for decades. Most of these studies have been performed in well-controlled environments and have been instrumental for the present day understanding of catalysis, providing information on surface structures, adsorption sites, and adsorption and desorption energies relevant for catalysis. However, the approach has been criticized for being too far from a catalyst operating under industrial conditions at high temperatures and pressures. To this end, a significant amount of effort over the years has been used to develop methods to investigate catalysts at more realistic conditions under operating conditions. One result from this effort is a vivid and sometimes heated discussion concerning the active phase for the seemingly simple CO oxidation reaction over the Pt-group metals in the literature. In recent years, we have explored the possibilities to perform experiments at conditions closer to those of a technical catalyst, in particular at increased pressures and temperatures. In this contribution, results from catalytic CO oxidation over a Pd(100) single crystal surface using Near Ambient Pressure X-ray Photo emission Spectroscopy (NAPXPS), Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence (PLIF), and High Energy Surface X-ray Diffraction (HESXRD) are presented, and the strengths and weaknesses of the experimental techniques are discussed. Armed with structural knowledge from ultrahigh vacuum experiments, the presence of adsorbed molecules and gas-phase induced surface structures can be identified and related to changes in the reactivity or to reaction induced gas-flow limitations. In particular, the application of PLIF to catalysis allows one to visualize how the catalyst itself changes the gas composition close to the model catalyst surface upon ignition, and relate this to the observed surface structures. The effect obscures a straightforward relation between the active phase and the activity, since in the case of CO oxidation, the gas-phase close to the model catalyst surface is shown to be significantly more oxidizing than far away from the catalyst. We show that surface structural knowledge from UHV experiments and the composition of the gas phase close to the catalyst surface are crucial to understand structure-function relationships at semirealistic conditions. In the particular case of Pd, we argue that the surface structure of the PdO(101) has a significant influence on the activity, due to the presence of Coordinatively Unsaturated Sites (CUS) Pd atoms, similar to undercoordinated Ru and Ir atoms found for RuO2(110) and IrO2(110), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edvin Lundgren
- Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, Box 118, Lund S-221 00, Sweden
| | - Chu Zhang
- Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, Box 118, Lund S-221 00, Sweden
| | - Lindsay R. Merte
- Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, Box 118, Lund S-221 00, Sweden
| | - Mikhail Shipilin
- Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, Box 118, Lund S-221 00, Sweden
| | - Sara Blomberg
- Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, Box 118, Lund S-221 00, Sweden
| | - Uta Hejral
- Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, Box 118, Lund S-221 00, Sweden
| | - Jianfeng Zhou
- Division of Combustion Physics, Lund University, Box 118, Lund S-221 00, Sweden
| | - Johan Zetterberg
- Division of Combustion Physics, Lund University, Box 118, Lund S-221 00, Sweden
| | - Johan Gustafson
- Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, Box 118, Lund S-221 00, Sweden
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49
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van Spronsen MA, Frenken JWM, Groot IMN. Observing the oxidation of platinum. Nat Commun 2017; 8:429. [PMID: 28874734 PMCID: PMC5585323 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00643-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite its importance in oxidation catalysis, the active phase of Pt remains uncertain, even for the Pt(111) single-crystal surface. Here, using a ReactorSTM, the catalytically relevant structures are identified as two surface oxides, different from bulk α-PtO2, previously observed. They are constructed from expanded oxide rows with a lattice constant close to that of α-PtO2, either assembling into spoked wheels, 1-5 bar O2, or closely packed in parallel lines, above 2.2 bar. Both are only ordered at elevated temperatures (400-500 K). The triangular oxide can also form on the square lattice of Pt(100). Under NO and CO oxidation conditions, similar features are observed. Furthermore, both oxides are unstable outside the O2 atmosphere, indicating the presence of active O atoms, crucial for oxidation catalysts.Improving platinum as an oxidation catalyst requires understanding its structure under catalytic conditions. Here, the authors discover that catalytically important surface oxides form only when Pt is exposed to high pressure and temperature, highlighting the need to study catalysts in realistic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthijs A van Spronsen
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, PO Box 9504, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Harvard University, 12 Oxford street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
| | - Joost W M Frenken
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, PO Box 9504, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography (ARCNL), Science Park 110, 1098 XG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Irene M N Groot
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, PO Box 9504, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, PO Box 9502, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Zakaryan HA, Kvashnin AG, Oganov AR. Stable reconstruction of the (110) surface and its role in pseudocapacitance of rutile-like RuO 2. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10357. [PMID: 28871095 PMCID: PMC5583189 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10331-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Surfaces of rutile-like RuO2, especially the most stable (110) surface, are important for catalysis, sensing and charge storage applications. Structure, chemical composition, and properties of the surface depend on external conditions. Using the evolutionary prediction method USPEX, we found stable reconstructions of the (110) surface. Two stable reconstructions, RuO4-(2 × 1) and RuO2-(1 × 1), were found, and the surface phase diagram was determined. The new RuO4-(2 × 1) reconstruction is stable in a wide range of environmental conditions, its simulated STM image perfectly matches experimental data, it is more thermodynamically stable than previously proposed reconstructions, and explains well pseudocapacitance of RuO2 cathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayk A Zakaryan
- Yerevan State University, 1 Alex Manoogian St., 0025, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Alexander G Kvashnin
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo Innovation Center, 143026, 3 Nobel Street, Moscow, Russian Federation. .,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700, 9 Institutsky lane, Dolgoprudny, Russian Federation.
| | - Artem R Oganov
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo Innovation Center, 143026, 3 Nobel Street, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700, 9 Institutsky lane, Dolgoprudny, Russian Federation.,Department of Geosciences and Center for Materials by Design, Institute for Advanced Computational Science, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-2100, USA.,International Center for Materials Discovery, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
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