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Reiner M, Bachmair B, Tiefenbacher MX, Mai S, González L, Marquetand P, Dellago C. Nonadiabatic Forward Flux Sampling for Excited-State Rare Events. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:1657-1671. [PMID: 36856706 PMCID: PMC10061683 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c01088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
We present a rare event sampling scheme applicable to coupled electronic excited states. In particular, we extend the forward flux sampling (FFS) method for rare event sampling to a nonadiabatic version (NAFFS) that uses the trajectory surface hopping (TSH) method for nonadiabatic dynamics. NAFFS is applied to two dynamically relevant excited-state models that feature an avoided crossing and a conical intersection with tunable parameters. We investigate how nonadiabatic couplings, temperature, and reaction barriers affect transition rate constants in regimes that cannot be otherwise obtained with plain, traditional TSH. The comparison with reference brute-force TSH simulations for limiting cases of rareness shows that NAFFS can be several orders of magnitude cheaper than conventional TSH and thus represents a conceptually novel tool to extend excited-state dynamics to time scales that are able to capture rare nonadiabatic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madlen
Maria Reiner
- Research
Platform on Accelerating Photoreaction Discovery (ViRAPID), University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna
Doctoral School in Physics, University of
Vienna, Boltzmanngasse
5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Brigitta Bachmair
- Research
Platform on Accelerating Photoreaction Discovery (ViRAPID), University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna
Doctoral School in Chemistry, University
of Vienna, Währinger
Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Maximilian Xaver Tiefenbacher
- Research
Platform on Accelerating Photoreaction Discovery (ViRAPID), University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna
Doctoral School in Chemistry, University
of Vienna, Währinger
Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sebastian Mai
- Institute
of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Leticia González
- Research
Platform on Accelerating Photoreaction Discovery (ViRAPID), University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Institute
of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Marquetand
- Research
Platform on Accelerating Photoreaction Discovery (ViRAPID), University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Institute
of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Dellago
- Research
Platform on Accelerating Photoreaction Discovery (ViRAPID), University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Faculty
of Physics, University of Vienna, Kolingasse 14-16, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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2
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Abstract
Advances in atomic, molecular, and optical physics techniques allowed the cooling of simple molecules down to the ultracold regime ([Formula: see text]1 mK) and opened opportunities to study chemical reactions with unprecedented levels of control. This review covers recent developments in studying bimolecular chemistry at ultralow temperatures. We begin with a brief overview of methods for producing, manipulating, and detecting ultracold molecules. We then survey experimental works that exploit the controllability of ultracold molecules to probe and modify their long-range interactions. Further combining the use of physical chemistry techniques such as mass spectrometry and ion imaging significantly improved the detection of ultracold reactions and enabled explorations of their dynamics in the short range. We discuss a series of studies on the reaction KRb + KRb → K2 + Rb2 initiated below 1 [Formula: see text]K, including the direct observation of a long-lived complex, the demonstration of product rotational state control via conserved nuclear spins, and a test of the statistical model using the complete quantum state distribution of the products. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Physical Chemistry, Volume 73 is April 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA; .,Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Kang-Kuen Ni
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA; .,Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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3
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Gao H. Molecular photodissociation in the vacuum ultraviolet region: implications for astrochemistry and planetary atmospheric chemistry. Mol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2020.1861354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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4
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Cederbaum LS. Fragmentation of Molecules by Virtual Photons from Remote Neighbors. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:8964-8969. [PMID: 33031701 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
It is shown that a molecule can dissociate by the energy transferred from a remote neighbor. This neighbor can be an excited neutral or ionic atom or molecule. If it is an atom, then the transferred energy is, of course, electronic, and in the case of molecules, it can also be vibrational. Explicit examples are given which demonstrate that the transfer can be highly efficient at distances where there is no bonding between the transmitter and the dissociating molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenz S Cederbaum
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
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5
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Hu MG, Liu Y, Grimes DD, Lin YW, Gheorghe AH, Vexiau R, Bouloufa-Maafa N, Dulieu O, Rosenband T, Ni KK. Direct observation of bimolecular reactions of ultracold KRb molecules. Science 2019; 366:1111-1115. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aay9531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Femtochemistry techniques have been instrumental in accessing the short time scales necessary to probe transient intermediates in chemical reactions. In this study, we took the contrasting approach of prolonging the lifetime of an intermediate by preparing reactant molecules in their lowest rovibronic quantum state at ultralow temperatures, thereby markedly reducing the number of exit channels accessible upon their mutual collision. Using ionization spectroscopy and velocity-map imaging of a trapped gas of potassium-rubidium (KRb) molecules at a temperature of 500 nanokelvin, we directly observed reactants, intermediates, and products of the reaction 40K87Rb + 40K87Rb → K2Rb2* → K2 + Rb2. Beyond observation of a long-lived, energy-rich intermediate complex, this technique opens the door to further studies of quantum-state–resolved reaction dynamics in the ultracold regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.-G. Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Y. Liu
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - D. D. Grimes
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Y.-W. Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - A. H. Gheorghe
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - R. Vexiau
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay cedex, France
| | - N. Bouloufa-Maafa
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay cedex, France
| | - O. Dulieu
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay cedex, France
| | - T. Rosenband
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - K.-K. Ni
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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6
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Kashimura T, Yabushita S. Importance of the Parallel Component of the Transition Moments to the 1Π 1 (5A') and 3Π 1 (3A') Excited States of ICN in the Ã-Band Photodissociation. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:4000-4013. [PMID: 30990688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b01127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
ICN is one of the few simple triatomic molecules whose photodissociation mechanisms have been thoroughly investigated. Since it has a linear structure in the electronic ground state, the dissociation follows a photoexcitation at a linear or slightly bent structure. It is generally believed that the Ã-band consists of the dominant excitation to 3Π0+ (4A') with the transition dipole moment (TDM) parallel to the molecular axis ( z), a slightly weaker transition to 1Π1 (5A', 4A″), and a much weaker transition to 3Π1 (3A', 2A″), both of the latter two having perpendicular TDMs. In the present work, we have theoretically studied the geometry dependence of these TDMs and found a pronounced θ (bending angle) dependence in the parallel ( z) component of the TDMs to 1Π1 (5A') and 3Π1 (3A'), both of which should be zero at a linear geometry by symmetry and thus have been previously ignored. We estimated that the z component TDM to 1Π1 (5A') has a contribution of 15-20% to the total absorption cross-section at 249 nm at room temperature. Interestingly, the TDM to 3Π0+ (4A') does not exhibit such θ dependency and thus has only the z component. We compare the TDMs of ICN and CH3I molecules having similar excited states. The fact that all the TDMs to 3A', 4A', and 5A' have nonnegligible z components implies the importance of the coherent excitation contributions to various observables of CN fragment, such as the anisotropy parameter, the orientation parameter, and the rotational level distribution as well as the rotational fine structure level distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuhiko Kashimura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology , Keio University , 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku , Yokohama 223-8522 , Japan
| | - Satoshi Yabushita
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology , Keio University , 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku , Yokohama 223-8522 , Japan
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7
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Gao H, Ng CY. Quantum state-to-state vacuum ultraviolet photodissociation dynamics of small molecules. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp1812290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Cheuk-Yiu Ng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis CA 95616, USA
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8
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Kashimura T, Ikezaki T, Ohta Y, Yabushita S. Potential energy surfaces and nonadiabatic transitions in the asymptotic regions of ICN photodissociation to study the interference effects in the F 1 and F 2 spin-rotation levels of the CN products. J Comput Chem 2019; 40:482-499. [PMID: 30511401 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.25736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
One of the most spectacular yet unsolved problems for the ICN A ~ -band photodissociation is the non-statistical spin-rotation F1 = N + 1/2 and F2 = N - 1/2 populations for each rotation level N of the CN fragment. The F1 /F2 population difference function f(N) exhibits strong N and λ dependences with an oscillatory behavior. Such details were found to critically depend on the number of open-channel product states, namely, whether both I (2 P3/2 ) and I (2 P1/2 ) are energetically available or not as the dissociation partner. First, in the asymptotic region, the exchange and dipole-quadrupole inter-fragment interactions were studied in detail. Then, as the diabatic basis, we took the appropriate symmetry adapted products of the electronic and rotational wavefunctions for the F1 and F2 levels at the dissociation limits. We found that the adiabatic Hamiltonian exhibits Rosen-Zener-Demkov type nonadiabatic transitions reflecting the switch between the exchange interaction and the small but finite spin-rotation interaction within CN at the asymptotic region. This non-crossing type nonadiabatic transition occurs with the probability 1/2, that is, at the diabatic limit through a sudden switch of the quantization axis for CN spin S from the dissociation axis to the CN rotation axis N. We have derived semiclassical formulae for f(N) and the orientation parameters with a two-state model including the 3A' and 4A' electronic states, and with a four-state model including the 3A' through 6A' electronic states. These two kinds of interfering models explain general features of the F1 and F2 level populations observed by Zare's group and Hall's group, respectively. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuhiko Kashimura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Tomoya Ikezaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ohta
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yabushita
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
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9
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Yong H, Zotev N, Stankus B, Ruddock JM, Bellshaw D, Boutet S, Lane TJ, Liang M, Carbajo S, Robinson JS, Du W, Goff N, Chang Y, Koglin JE, Waters MDJ, Sølling TI, Minitti MP, Kirrander A, Weber PM. Determining Orientations of Optical Transition Dipole Moments Using Ultrafast X-ray Scattering. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:6556-6562. [PMID: 30380873 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b02773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Identification of the initially prepared, optically active state remains a challenging problem in many studies of ultrafast photoinduced processes. We show that the initially excited electronic state can be determined using the anisotropic component of ultrafast time-resolved X-ray scattering signals. The concept is demonstrated using the time-dependent X-ray scattering of N-methyl morpholine in the gas phase upon excitation by a 200 nm linearly polarized optical pulse. Analysis of the angular dependence of the scattering signal near time zero renders the orientation of the transition dipole moment in the molecular frame and identifies the initially excited state as the 3p z Rydberg state, thus bypassing the need for further experimental studies to determine the starting point of the photoinduced dynamics and clarifying inconsistent computational results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiwang Yong
- Department of Chemistry , Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02912 , United States
| | - Nikola Zotev
- School of Chemistry , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh EH9 3FJ , United Kingdom
| | - Brian Stankus
- Department of Chemistry , Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02912 , United States
| | - Jennifer M Ruddock
- Department of Chemistry , Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02912 , United States
| | - Darren Bellshaw
- School of Chemistry , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh EH9 3FJ , United Kingdom
| | - Sébastien Boutet
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Thomas J Lane
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Mengning Liang
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Sergio Carbajo
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Joseph S Robinson
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Wenpeng Du
- Department of Chemistry , Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02912 , United States
| | - Nathan Goff
- Department of Chemistry , Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02912 , United States
| | - Yu Chang
- Department of Chemistry , Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02912 , United States
| | - Jason E Koglin
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Max D J Waters
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Theis I Sølling
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Michael P Minitti
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Adam Kirrander
- School of Chemistry , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh EH9 3FJ , United Kingdom
| | - Peter M Weber
- Department of Chemistry , Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02912 , United States
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10
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Kondov SS, Lee CH, McDonald M, McGuyer BH, Majewska I, Moszynski R, Zelevinsky T. Crossover from the Ultracold to the Quasiclassical Regime in State-Selected Photodissociation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:143401. [PMID: 30339457 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.143401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Processes that break molecular bonds are typically observed with molecules occupying a mixture of quantum states and successfully described with quasiclassical models, while a few studies have explored the distinctly quantum mechanical low-energy regime. Here, we use photodissociation of diatomic strontium molecules to demonstrate the crossover from the ultracold, quantum regime where photofragment angular distributions strongly depend on the kinetic energy to the quasiclassical regime. Using time-of-flight imaging for photodissociation channels with millikelvin reaction barriers, we explore photofragment energies in the 0.1-300 mK range experimentally and up to 3 K theoretically, and discuss the energy scale at which the crossover occurs. We find that the effects of quantum statistics can persist to high photodissociation energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Kondov
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
| | - C-H Lee
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
| | - M McDonald
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
| | - B H McGuyer
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
| | - I Majewska
- Quantum Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - R Moszynski
- Quantum Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Zelevinsky
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
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11
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Murakami H. Persistent optical hole-burning spectroscopy of nano-confined dye molecules in liquid at room temperature: Spectral narrowing due to a glassy state and extraordinary relaxation in a nano-cage. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:144505. [PMID: 29655335 DOI: 10.1063/1.5008448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent optical hole-burning spectroscopy has been conducted for a dye molecule within a very small (∼1 nm) reverse micelle at room temperature. The spectra show a spectral narrowing due to site-selective excitation. This definitely demonstrates that the surroundings of the dye molecule are in a glassy state regardless of a solution at room temperature. On the other hand, the hole-burning spectra exhibit large shifts from excitation frequencies, and their positions are almost independent of excitation frequencies. The hole-burning spectra have been theoretically calculated by taking account of a vibronic absorption band of the dye molecule under the assumption that the surroundings of the dye molecule are in a glassy state. The calculated results agree with the experimental ones that were obtained for the dye molecule in a polymer glass for comparison, where it has been found that the ratio of hole-burning efficiencies of vibronic- to electronic-band excitations is quite high. On the other hand, the theoretical results do not explain the large spectral shift from the excitation frequency and small spectral narrowing observed in the hole-burning spectra measured for the dye-containing reverse micelle. It is thought that the spectral shift and broadening occur within the measurement time owing to the relaxation process of the surroundings that are hot with the thermal energy deposited by the dye molecule optically excited. Furthermore, the relaxation should be temporary because the cooling of the inside of the reverse micelle takes place with the dissipation of the excess thermal energy to the outer oil solvent, and so the surroundings of the dye molecule return to the glassy state and do not attain the thermal equilibrium. These results suggest that a very small reverse micelle provides a unique reaction field in which the diffusional motion can be controlled by light in a glassy state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Murakami
- QST Advanced Study Laboratory and Kansai Photon Science Institute, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Kizugawa City, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan
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12
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Borin VA, Matveev SM, Budkina DS, El-Khoury PZ, Tarnovsky AN. Direct photoisomerization of CH 2I 2vs. CHBr 3 in the gas phase: a joint 50 fs experimental and multireference resonance-theoretical study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 18:28883-28892. [PMID: 27722308 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp05129d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Femtosecond transient absorption measurements powered by 40 fs laser pulses reveal that ultrafast isomerization takes place upon S1 excitation of both CH2I2 and CHBr3 in the gas phase. The photochemical conversion process is direct and intramolecular, i.e., it proceeds without caging media that have long been implicated in the photo-induced isomerization of polyhalogenated alkanes in condensed phases. Using multistate complete active space second order perturbation theory (MS-CASPT2) calculations, we investigate the structure of the photochemical reaction paths connecting the photoexcited species to their corresponding isomeric forms. Unconstrained minimum energy paths computed starting from the S1 Franck-Condon points lead to S1/S0 conical intersections, which directly connect the parent CHBr3 and CH2I2 molecules to their isomeric forms. Changes in the chemical bonding picture along the S1/S0 isomerization reaction path are described using multireference average coupled pair functional (MRACPF) calculations in conjunction with natural resonance theory (NRT) analysis. These calculations reveal a complex interplay between covalent, radical, ylidic, and ion-pair dominant resonance structures throughout the nonadiabatic photochemical isomerization processes described in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veniamin A Borin
- Center for Photochemical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA.
| | - Sergey M Matveev
- Center for Photochemical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA.
| | - Darya S Budkina
- Center for Photochemical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA.
| | - Patrick Z El-Khoury
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P. O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Alexander N Tarnovsky
- Center for Photochemical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA.
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13
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Hossain M, Klobuchar AJ, Bartz JA. The photodissociation of N,N-dimethylnitrosamine at 355 nm: The effect of excited-state conformational changes on product vector correlations. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:013925. [PMID: 28688383 DOI: 10.1063/1.4982613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In a photodissociation experiment, the dynamics associated with creating reaction products with specific energies can be understood by a study of the product vector correlations. Upon excitation to the S1 state, N,N-dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) undergoes an excited-state geometry change from planar to pyramidal around the central N. The significant geometry change affects the vector correlations in the photoproducts. Using polarized lasers for 355 nm photodissociation of DMN and for NO photoproduct excitation in a velocity-mapped ion imaging apparatus reveals new vector correlation details among the parent transition dipole (μ), photofragment velocity (v), and photofragment angular momentum (j). The dissociation of DMN displays some μ-v correlation [β02(20)=-0.2], little μ-j correlation [β02(02)∼0], and, surprisingly, a v-j [β00(22)] correlation that depends on the NO lambda doublet probed. The results point to the importance of the initial excited-state conformational change and uncover the presence of two photolysis channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masroor Hossain
- Department of Chemistry, Kalamazoo College, 1200 Academy Street, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49006, USA
| | - Aidan J Klobuchar
- Department of Chemistry, Kalamazoo College, 1200 Academy Street, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49006, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Bartz
- Department of Chemistry, Kalamazoo College, 1200 Academy Street, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49006, USA
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14
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Kouzov A, Radi P. Line space theory of Resonant Four-Wave Mixing: New prospects for all-optical studies of photofragment states. Chem Phys Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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15
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Baudisch M, Wolter B, Pullen M, Hemmer M, Biegert J. High power multi-color OPCPA source with simultaneous femtosecond deep-UV to mid-IR outputs. OPTICS LETTERS 2016; 41:3583-3586. [PMID: 27472624 DOI: 10.1364/ol.41.003583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Many experimental investigations demand synchronized pulses at various wavelengths, ideally with very short pulse duration and high repetition rate. Here we describe a femtosecond multi-color optical parametric chirped pulse amplifier (OPCPA) with simultaneous outputs from the deep-UV to the mid-IR with optical synchronization. The high repetition rate of 160 kHz is well suited to compensate for low interaction probability or low cross section in strong-field interactions. Our source features high peak powers in the tens to hundreds of MW regime with pulse durations below 110 fs, which is ideal for pump-probe experiments of nonlinear and strong-field physics. We demonstrate its utility by strong-field ionization experiments of xenon in the near- to mid-IR.
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16
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17
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Maeda S, Taketsugu T, Ohno K, Morokuma K. From Roaming Atoms to Hopping Surfaces: Mapping Out Global Reaction Routes in Photochemistry. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:3433-45. [DOI: 10.1021/ja512394y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Maeda
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Taketsugu
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Koichi Ohno
- Graduate
School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Institute for Quantum Chemical Exploration, Tokyo 108-0022, Japan
| | - Keiji Morokuma
- Fukui
Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
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18
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Leplat N, Wokaun A, Rossi MJ. Reinvestigation of the Elementary Chemical Kinetics of the Reaction C2H5• + HBr (HI) → C2H6 + Br• (I•) in the Range 293–623 K and Its Implication on the Thermochemical Parameters of C2H5• Free Radical. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:11383-402. [DOI: 10.1021/jp403761r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Leplat
- Laboratory
of Atmospheric Chemistry (LAC) and ‡General Energy Research (ENE) Division, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - A. Wokaun
- Laboratory
of Atmospheric Chemistry (LAC) and ‡General Energy Research (ENE) Division, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - M. J. Rossi
- Laboratory
of Atmospheric Chemistry (LAC) and ‡General Energy Research (ENE) Division, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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19
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Ruzi M, Anderson DT. Fourier Transform Infrared Studies of Ammonia Photochemistry in Solid Parahydrogen. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:13832-42. [DOI: 10.1021/jp408336n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmut Ruzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, United States
| | - David T. Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, United States
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Kachala VV, Khemchyan LL, Kashin AS, Orlov NV, Grachev AA, Zalesskiy SS, Ananikov VP. Target-oriented analysis of gaseous, liquid and solid chemical systems by mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and electron microscopy. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2013. [DOI: 10.1070/rc2013v082n07abeh004413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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21
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Chen M, Zheng Y, Wan H. Kinetics and Active Surfaces for CO Oxidation on Pt-Group Metals Under Oxygen Rich Conditions. Top Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-013-0140-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Hu L, Zhou Z, Dong C, Zhang L, Du Y, Cheng M, Zhu Q. Vibrationally Mediated Photodissociation of CH3I [v1 = 1] at 277.5 nm: The Vibrationally Adiabatic Process. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:4352-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jp401310g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Hu
- National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, State Key
Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R.
China
| | - Zhimin Zhou
- National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, State Key
Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R.
China
| | - Changwu Dong
- National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, State Key
Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R.
China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, State Key
Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R.
China
| | - Yikui Du
- National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, State Key
Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R.
China
| | - Min Cheng
- National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, State Key
Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R.
China
| | - Qihe Zhu
- National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, State Key
Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R.
China
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23
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Varras PC, Zarkadis AK. Ground- and triplet excited-state properties correlation: a computational CASSCF/CASPT2 approach based on the photodissociation of allylsilanes. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:1425-34. [PMID: 22208892 DOI: 10.1021/jp209583z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Excited-state properties, although extremely useful, are hardly accessible. One indirect way would be to derive them from relationships to ground-state properties which are usually more readily available. Herewith, we present quantitative correlations between triplet excited-state (T₁) properties (bond dissociation energy, D₀(T₁), homolytic activation energy, E(a)(T₁), and rate constant, k(r)) and the ground-state bond dissociation energy (D₀), taking as an example the photodissociation of the C-Si bond of simple substituted allylsilanes CH₂=CHC(R¹R²)-SiH₃ (R¹ and R² = H, Me, and Et). By applying the complete-active-space self-consistent field CASSCF(6,6) and CASPT2(6,6) quantum chemical methodologies, we have found that the consecutive introduction of Me/Et groups has little effect on the geometry and energy of the T₁ state; however, it reduces the magnitudes of D₀, D₀(T₁) and E(a)(T₁). Moreover, these energetic parameters have been plotted giving good linear correlations: D₀(T₁) = α₁ + β₁ · D₀, E(a)(T₁) = α₂ + β₂ · D₀(T₁), and E(a)(T₁) = α₃ + β₃ · D₀ (α and β being constants), while k(r) correlates very well to E(a)(T₁). The key factor behind these useful correlations is the validity of the Evans-Polanyi-Semenov relation (second equation) and its extended form (third equation) applied for excited systems. Additionally, the unexpectedly high values obtained for E(a)(T₁) demonstrate a new application of the principle of nonperfect synchronization (PNS) in excited-state chemistry issues.
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24
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Theoretical study of hydrogen peroxide interacting with DNA base and DNA base pair in terms of ab initio method and ABEEMσπ/MM fluctuating charge potential model. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2011.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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25
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Zhou CH, Cheng SB, Yin HM, He GZ. Formation of Hydroxyl Radical from the Photolysis of Salicylic Acid. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:5062-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp2027077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Can-Hua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shi-Bo Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Hong-Ming Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Guo-Zhong He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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26
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Multiphoton dissociation and vibrational mediated dissociation of chlorinated methanes, CH4−nCln (n=2, 3, 4) at 355nm. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2011.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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27
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Femtosecond photolysis of CH2Br2 in acetonitrile: Capturing the bromomethyl radical and bromine-atom charge transfer complex through deep-to-near UV probing. Chem Phys Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2011.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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28
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Rakitzis TP, Alexander AJ. Photofragment angular momentum distributions in the molecular frame. II. Single state dissociation, multiple state interference, and nonaxial recoil in photodissociation of polyatomic molecules. J Chem Phys 2010; 132:224310. [PMID: 20550400 DOI: 10.1063/1.3429744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present an a(q) (k)(s) polarization-parameter model to describe product angular momentum polarization from the one-photon photodissociation of polyatomic molecules in the molecular frame. We make the approximation that the final photofragment recoil direction is unique and described by the molecular frame polar coordinates (alpha,phi(i)), for which the axial recoil approximation is a special case (e.g., alpha=0). This approximation allows the separation of geometrical and dynamical factors, in particular, the expression of the experimental sensitivities to each of the a(q) (k)(s) in terms of the molecular frame polar angles (chi(i),phi(i)) of the transition dipole moment mu(i). This separation is applied to the linearly polarized photodissociation of polyatomic molecules (asymmetric, symmetric, and spherical top molecules are discussed) and to all dissociation mechanisms that satisfy our recoil approximation, including those with nonaxial recoil and multiple state interference, giving important insight into the geometrical properties of the photodissociation mechanism. For example, we demonstrate that the ratio of polarization parameters A(0) (k)(aniso)/A(0) (k)(iso)=beta (where beta is the spatial anisotropy parameter) is an indication that the dynamics can be explained by a single dissociative state. We also show that for asymmetric top photodissociation, the sensitivity to the a(1) (k)(s) parameters, which can arise either from single-surface or multiple-surface interference mechanisms, is nonzero only for components of the transition dipole moments within the v-d plane of the recoil frame.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Peter Rakitzis
- Department of Physics, University of Crete, Heraklion 71110, Crete, Greece.
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29
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Marom R, Levi C, Weiss T, Rosenwaks S, Zeiri Y, Kosloff R, Bar I. Quantum Tunneling of Hydrogen Atom in Dissociation of Photoexcited Methylamine. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:9623-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jp912107h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Marom
- Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel and Department of Chemistry, NRCN, Beer-Sheva 84190, Israel, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Chen Levi
- Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel and Department of Chemistry, NRCN, Beer-Sheva 84190, Israel, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Tal Weiss
- Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel and Department of Chemistry, NRCN, Beer-Sheva 84190, Israel, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Salman Rosenwaks
- Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel and Department of Chemistry, NRCN, Beer-Sheva 84190, Israel, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Yehuda Zeiri
- Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel and Department of Chemistry, NRCN, Beer-Sheva 84190, Israel, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Ronnie Kosloff
- Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel and Department of Chemistry, NRCN, Beer-Sheva 84190, Israel, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Ilana Bar
- Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel and Department of Chemistry, NRCN, Beer-Sheva 84190, Israel, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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30
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Miyasaka H, Satoh Y, Ishibashi Y, Ito S, Nagasawa Y, Taniguchi S, Chosrowjan H, Mataga N, Kato D, Kikuchi A, Abe J. Ultrafast Photodissociation Dynamics of a Hexaarylbiimidazole Derivative with Pyrenyl Groups: Dispersive Reaction from Femtosecond to 10 ns Time Regions. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:7256-63. [DOI: 10.1021/ja809195s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Miyasaka
- Division of Frontier Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science and Center for Quantum Science and Technology under Extreme Conditions, Osaka University, Toyonaka, and CREST, JST, Osaka 560-8531, Japan, Institute for Laser Technology, Utsubo-Honmachi 1-8-4, Nishi-ku, Osaka 550-0004, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Aoyama Gakuin University, Fuchinobe 5-10-1, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8558, Japan
| | - Yusuke Satoh
- Division of Frontier Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science and Center for Quantum Science and Technology under Extreme Conditions, Osaka University, Toyonaka, and CREST, JST, Osaka 560-8531, Japan, Institute for Laser Technology, Utsubo-Honmachi 1-8-4, Nishi-ku, Osaka 550-0004, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Aoyama Gakuin University, Fuchinobe 5-10-1, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8558, Japan
| | - Yukihide Ishibashi
- Division of Frontier Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science and Center for Quantum Science and Technology under Extreme Conditions, Osaka University, Toyonaka, and CREST, JST, Osaka 560-8531, Japan, Institute for Laser Technology, Utsubo-Honmachi 1-8-4, Nishi-ku, Osaka 550-0004, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Aoyama Gakuin University, Fuchinobe 5-10-1, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8558, Japan
| | - Syoji Ito
- Division of Frontier Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science and Center for Quantum Science and Technology under Extreme Conditions, Osaka University, Toyonaka, and CREST, JST, Osaka 560-8531, Japan, Institute for Laser Technology, Utsubo-Honmachi 1-8-4, Nishi-ku, Osaka 550-0004, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Aoyama Gakuin University, Fuchinobe 5-10-1, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8558, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nagasawa
- Division of Frontier Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science and Center for Quantum Science and Technology under Extreme Conditions, Osaka University, Toyonaka, and CREST, JST, Osaka 560-8531, Japan, Institute for Laser Technology, Utsubo-Honmachi 1-8-4, Nishi-ku, Osaka 550-0004, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Aoyama Gakuin University, Fuchinobe 5-10-1, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8558, Japan
| | - Seiji Taniguchi
- Division of Frontier Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science and Center for Quantum Science and Technology under Extreme Conditions, Osaka University, Toyonaka, and CREST, JST, Osaka 560-8531, Japan, Institute for Laser Technology, Utsubo-Honmachi 1-8-4, Nishi-ku, Osaka 550-0004, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Aoyama Gakuin University, Fuchinobe 5-10-1, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8558, Japan
| | - Haik Chosrowjan
- Division of Frontier Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science and Center for Quantum Science and Technology under Extreme Conditions, Osaka University, Toyonaka, and CREST, JST, Osaka 560-8531, Japan, Institute for Laser Technology, Utsubo-Honmachi 1-8-4, Nishi-ku, Osaka 550-0004, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Aoyama Gakuin University, Fuchinobe 5-10-1, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8558, Japan
| | - Noboru Mataga
- Division of Frontier Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science and Center for Quantum Science and Technology under Extreme Conditions, Osaka University, Toyonaka, and CREST, JST, Osaka 560-8531, Japan, Institute for Laser Technology, Utsubo-Honmachi 1-8-4, Nishi-ku, Osaka 550-0004, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Aoyama Gakuin University, Fuchinobe 5-10-1, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8558, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kato
- Division of Frontier Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science and Center for Quantum Science and Technology under Extreme Conditions, Osaka University, Toyonaka, and CREST, JST, Osaka 560-8531, Japan, Institute for Laser Technology, Utsubo-Honmachi 1-8-4, Nishi-ku, Osaka 550-0004, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Aoyama Gakuin University, Fuchinobe 5-10-1, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8558, Japan
| | - Azusa Kikuchi
- Division of Frontier Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science and Center for Quantum Science and Technology under Extreme Conditions, Osaka University, Toyonaka, and CREST, JST, Osaka 560-8531, Japan, Institute for Laser Technology, Utsubo-Honmachi 1-8-4, Nishi-ku, Osaka 550-0004, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Aoyama Gakuin University, Fuchinobe 5-10-1, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8558, Japan
| | - Jiro Abe
- Division of Frontier Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science and Center for Quantum Science and Technology under Extreme Conditions, Osaka University, Toyonaka, and CREST, JST, Osaka 560-8531, Japan, Institute for Laser Technology, Utsubo-Honmachi 1-8-4, Nishi-ku, Osaka 550-0004, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Aoyama Gakuin University, Fuchinobe 5-10-1, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8558, Japan
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31
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Ahn DS, Lee J, Choi JM, Lee KS, Baek SJ, Lee K, Baeck KK, Kim SK. State-selective predissociation dynamics of methylamines: The vibronic and H∕D effects on the conical intersection dynamics. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:224305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2937451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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32
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El-Khoury PZ, Tarnovsky AN. Ultrafast formation of I2 following 350-nm photodissociation of CF2I2 in n-hexane. Chem Phys Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2007.12.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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33
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Possibility of the Nonenzymatic Browning (Maillard) Reaction in the ISM. ORIGINS LIFE EVOL B 2008; 38:183-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s11084-007-9119-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2007] [Accepted: 11/28/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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34
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Golan A, Rosenwaks S, Bar I. Molecular Dynamics of Methylamine Following CH and NH Vibrational Excitation and Promotion to the à State. Isr J Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1560/ijc.47.1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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35
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Wei ZR, Zhang F, Wang YM, Zhang B. Predissociation Dynamics of B State of Methyl Iodide with Femtosecond Pump-probe Technique. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2007. [DOI: 10.1088/1674-0068/20/04/419-424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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36
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Plotnikov VG, Smirnov VA, Alfimov MV. Photophysical processes and the photodissociation of chemical bonds in polyatomic molecules. HIGH ENERGY CHEMISTRY 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s0018143907030022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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37
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Watts JD, Francisco JS. Ground and electronically excited states of methyl hydroperoxide: Comparison with hydrogen peroxide. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:104301. [PMID: 16999520 DOI: 10.1063/1.2338039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Equilibrium geometries of the ground states of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and methyl hydroperoxide (CH(3)OOH) have been obtained using quadratic configuration interaction methods with correlation-consistent basis sets. These results are compared with experiments and prior calculations. The dipole moments of the ground states of these two molecules have been calculated. The results illustrate the sensitivity of this quantity to molecular geometry. Several excited states of H(2)O(2) and CH(3)OOH were calculated using the equation-of-motion coupled-cluster singles-and-doubles method. Aside from vertical excitation energies, excited state energies along the O-O, O-H, and C-O dissociation pathways were calculated. The results are expected to be of assistance in resolving discrepancies in the experimental interpretation of the UV absorption spectrum and photodissociation of CH(3)OOH.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Watts
- Department of Chemistry, Jackson State University, P.O. Box 17910, Jackson, MS 39217, USA.
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38
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Abstract
▪ Abstract The motion of polar molecules can be controlled by time-varying inhomogeneous electric fields. In a Stark decelerator, this is exploited to accelerate, transport, or decelerate a fraction of a molecular beam. When combined with a trap, the decelerator provides a means to store the molecules for times up to seconds. Here, we review our efforts to produce cold molecules via this technique. In particular, we present a new generation Stark decelerator and electrostatic trap that selects a significant part of a molecular beam pulse that can be loaded into the trap. Deceleration and trapping experiments using a beam of OH radicals are discussed.
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39
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Thompson KC, Crittenden DL, Kable SH, Jordan MJT. A classical trajectory study of the photodissociation of T1 acetaldehyde: The transition from impulsive to statistical dynamics. J Chem Phys 2006; 124:044302. [PMID: 16460157 DOI: 10.1063/1.2139672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous experimental and theoretical studies of the radical dissociation channel of T(1) acetaldehyde show conflicting behavior in the HCO and CH(3) product distributions. To resolve these conflicts, a full-dimensional potential-energy surface for the dissociation of CH(3)CHO into HCO and CH(3) fragments over the barrier on the T(1) surface is developed based on RO-CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ(DZ) ab initio calculations. 20,000 classical trajectories are calculated on this surface at each of five initial excess energies, spanning the excitation energies used in previous experimental studies, and translational, vibrational, and rotational distributions of the radical products are determined. For excess energies near the dissociation threshold, both the HCO and CH(3) products are vibrationally cold; there is a small amount of HCO rotational excitation and little CH(3) rotational excitation, and the reaction energy is partitioned dominantly (>90% at threshold) into relative translational motion. Close to threshold the HCO and CH(3) rotational distributions are symmetrically shaped, resembling a Gaussian function, in agreement with observed experimental HCO rotational distributions. As the excess energy increases the calculated HCO and CH(3) rotational distributions are observed to change from a Gaussian shape at threshold to one more resembling a Boltzmann distribution, a behavior also seen by various experimental groups. Thus the distribution of energy in these rotational degrees of freedom is observed to change from nonstatistical to apparently statistical, as excess energy increases. As the energy above threshold increases all the internal and external degrees of freedom are observed to gain population at a similar rate, broadly consistent with equipartitioning of the available energy at the transition state. These observations generally support the practice of separating the reaction dynamics into two reservoirs: an impulsive reservoir, fed by the exit channel dynamics, and a statistical reservoir, supported by the random distribution of excess energy above the barrier. The HCO rotation, however, is favored by approximately a factor of 3 over the statistical prediction. Thus, at sufficiently high excess energies, although the HCO rotational distribution may be considered statistical, the partitioning of energy into HCO rotation is not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiran C Thompson
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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40
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Clark AP, Brouard M, Quadrini F, Vallance C. Atomic polarization in the photodissociation of diatomic molecules. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2006; 8:5591-610. [PMID: 17149481 DOI: 10.1039/b612590e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The angular momentum polarization of atomic photofragments provides a detailed insight into the dynamics of the photodissociation process. In this article, the origins of electronic angular momentum polarization are introduced and experimental and theoretical methods for the measurement or calculation of atomic orientation and alignment parameters described. Many diatomic photodissociation systems are surveyed, in order to provide an overview both of the historical development of the field and of the most state-of-the-art contemporary studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Clark
- The Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, The Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK
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Fiedler SL, Vaskonen KJ, Eloranta JM, Kunttu HM. Electronic spectroscopy of C2 in solid rare gas matrixes. J Phys Chem A 2005; 109:4512-6. [PMID: 16833787 DOI: 10.1021/jp0500992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Electronic spectroscopy of the C(2) molecule is investigated in Ar, Kr, and Xe matrixes in the 150-500 nm range. In the Ar matrix, the D ((1)Sigma(u)(+)) <-- ((1)Sigma(g)(+)) Mulliken band near 240 nm is the sole absorption in the UV range, whereas in the Kr matrix additional bands in the 188-209 nm range are assigned to the Kr(n)()(+)C(2)(-) <-- Kr(n)()C(2) charge-transfer absorptions. Because of the formation of a bound C(2)Xe species, the spectral observations in the Xe matrix differ dramatically from the lighter rare gases: the Mulliken band is absent and new bands appear near 300 and 423 nm. The latter is assigned to the forbidden B'((1)Sigma(g)(+)) <-- X ((1)Sigma(g)(+)) transition, but the origin of the former remains unclear. The spectral assignments are aided by electronic structure calculations at the MCSCF, CCSD(T), and BCCD(T) levels of theory and correlation consistent basis sets. A significant presence of multireference character of the C(2)Xe system was noted and a linear ground-state structure is predicted. The computational results contradict previous density functional studies on the same system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven L Fiedler
- Nanoscience Center, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 35, 40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
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van de Meerakker SYT, Smeets PHM, Vanhaecke N, Jongma RT, Meijer G. Deceleration and electrostatic trapping of OH radicals. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 94:023004. [PMID: 15698171 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.023004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A pulsed beam of ground state OH radicals is slowed down using a Stark decelerator and is subsequently loaded into an electrostatic trap. Characterization of the molecular beam production, deceleration, and trap loading process is performed via laser induced fluorescence detection inside the quadrupole trap. Depending on the details of the trap loading sequence, typically 10(5) OH (X2Pi(3/2),J=3/2) radicals are trapped at a density of around 10(7) cm(-3) and at temperatures in the 50-500 mK range. The 1/e trap lifetime is around 1.0 s.
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Rakitzis TP, van den Brom AJ, Janssen MHM. Directional Dynamics in the Photodissociation of Oriented Molecules. Science 2004; 303:1852-4. [PMID: 15031501 DOI: 10.1126/science.1094186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
We observed directional dynamics in the photodissociation of an oriented molecule. When a laser dissociated hexapole-oriented carbonyl sulfide molecules, the three-dimensional recoil of carbon monoxide fragments, which we measured with ion imaging, was strongly asymmetric. We obtained a microscopic view of molecular bond breaking that revealed both the sign and the magnitude of the deflection angle of the fragment in the molecular frame. This experimental approach can be applied to study and control the three-dimensional dynamics of photoinitiated reactions of fixed molecules or molecules oriented by emerging techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Peter Rakitzis
- Department of Physics, University of Crete and Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser-Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (IESL-FORTH), 711 10 Heraklion-Crete, Greece
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Wu Y, Xie D, Xue Y. Ab initio studies for the photodissociation mechanism of hydroxyacetone. J Comput Chem 2003; 24:931-8. [PMID: 12720313 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.10264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The reaction pathways for CH(3)COCH(2)OH (hydroxyacetone) photodissociation on the low-lying electronic states have been studied with use of the CASSCF energy gradient techniques. The S(0)/S(1) and S(1)/T(1) intersection points were determined by the state-average CASSCF method. Two main reaction pathways, which are possible to the photodissociation, have been studied. It has been found that the mechanism is stepwise, and belongs to Norrish type-I reaction. The n --> pi* excitation leads to the first excited singlet state, followed by the intersystem crossing from S(1) to T(1). On the T(1) potential energy surface, the system can dissociate adiabatically to CH(3)(x) +COCH(2)OH( x) and CH(3)CO(x)+CH(2)OH(x). The COCH(2)OH(x) and CH(3)CO(x) radicals can further dissociate into CO, OH, and other fragments. Our calculated results are in good agreement with recent experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wu
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
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Alexander AJ. Photofragment angular momentum polarization from dissociation of hydrogen peroxide near 355 nm. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1557920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Peter Rakitzis T, van den Brom AJ, Janssen MH. Molecular and laboratory frame photofragment angular distributions from oriented and aligned molecules. Chem Phys Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(03)00399-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Grebenshchikov S, Schinke R, Hase W. State-specific dynamics of unimolecular dissociation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0069-8040(03)80005-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
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Wall M, Tarnovsky AN, Pascher T, Sundström V, Åkesson E. Photodissociation Dynamics of Iodoform in Solution. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0213856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Wall
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Torbjörn Pascher
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Villy Sundström
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Eva Åkesson
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
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McGivern WS, North SW. Treatment of the K-quantum number in unimolecular reaction theory: insights from product correlations. J Am Chem Soc 2002; 124:14472-7. [PMID: 12452724 DOI: 10.1021/ja0273602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The connection between the K-quantum number and product correlations in the barrierless unimolecular dissociation of symmetric-top molecules is explored to establish a qualitative diagnostic for the treatment of the K-rotor dynamics in unimolecular reaction theory. We find that fragment scalar and vector correlations can provide guidance in this matter, and the photodissociation dynamics of thermal NCNO to form CN and NO at several dissociation wavelengths are presented to demonstrate the utility of this approach. The "goodness" of the K-quantum number can be related to the amount of energy in the conserved vibrational modes at the inner transition state. On the basis of measured correlated vibrational distributions, the K-quantum number is found to be approximately conserved at the inner transition state for the photodissociation of NCNO at 514, 520, and 526 nm. The methodology, involving a comparison of product distributions from the photodissociation of jet and thermal ensembles at identical wavelengths, is general and may be applied to previously studied systems that dissociate along barrierless potential energy surfaces, CF(3)NO and CH(2)CO. In addition, vector correlations serve as a means to probe the K-mixing at the outer transition state, and measured v-j correlations in the photodissociation of thermal NCNO are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Sean McGivern
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, USA
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