1
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Sorgenfrei FA, Sloan JJ, Weissensteiner F, Zechner M, Mehner NA, Ellinghaus TL, Schachtschabel D, Seemayer S, Kroutil W. Solvent concentration at 50% protein unfolding may reform enzyme stability ranking and process window identification. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5420. [PMID: 38926341 PMCID: PMC11208486 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49774-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
As water miscible organic co-solvents are often required for enzyme reactions to improve e.g., the solubility of the substrate in the aqueous medium, an enzyme is required which displays high stability in the presence of this co-solvent. Consequently, it is of utmost importance to identify the most suitable enzyme or the appropriate reaction conditions. Until now, the melting temperature is used in general as a measure for stability of enzymes. The experiments here show, that the melting temperature does not correlate to the activity observed in the presence of the solvent. As an alternative parameter, the concentration of the co-solvent at the point of 50% protein unfolding at a specific temperature T in shortc U 50 T is introduced. Analyzing a set of ene reductases,c U 50 T is shown to indicate the concentration of the co-solvent where also the activity of the enzyme drops fastest. Comparing possible rankings of enzymes according to melting temperature andc U 50 T reveals a clearly diverging outcome also depending on the specific solvent used. Additionally, plots ofc U 50 versus temperature enable a fast identification of possible reaction windows to deduce tolerated solvent concentrations and temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frieda A Sorgenfrei
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology c/o University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Jeremy J Sloan
- BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, 67056, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Florian Weissensteiner
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology c/o University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
- Department of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Marco Zechner
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology c/o University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Niklas A Mehner
- BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, 67056, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | | | | | - Stefan Seemayer
- BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, 67056, Ludwigshafen, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology c/o University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010, Graz, Austria.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010, Graz, Austria.
- BioTechMed Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria.
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria.
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2
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Pinheiro LZ, da Silva FF, Queiroz MSR, Aguieiras ECG, Cipolatti EP, da Silva AS, Bassut J, Seldin L, Guimarães DO, Freire DMG, de Souza ROMA, Leal ICR. Activity of endophytic fungi in enantioselective biotransformation of chiral amines: New approach for solid-state fermentation. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2023.102631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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3
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Yang L, Zhang K, Xu M, Xie Y, Meng X, Wang H, Wei D. Mechanism-Guided Computational Design of ω-Transaminase by Reprograming of High-Energy-Barrier Steps. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202212555. [PMID: 36300723 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
ω-Transaminases (ω-TAs) show considerable potential for the synthesis of chiral amines. However, their low catalytic efficiency towards bulky substrates limits their application, and complicated catalytic mechanisms prevent precise enzyme design. Herein, we address this challenge using a mechanism-guided computational enzyme design strategy by reprograming the transition and ground states in key reaction steps. The common features among the three high-energy-barrier steps responsible for the low catalytic efficiency were revealed using quantum mechanics (QM). Five key residues were simultaneously tailored to stabilize the rate-limiting transition state with the aid of the Rosetta design. The 14 top-ranked variants showed 16.9-143-fold improved catalytic activity. The catalytic efficiency of the best variant, M9 (Q25F/M60W/W64F/I266A), was significantly increased, with a 1660-fold increase in kcat /Km and a 1.5-26.8-fold increase in turnover number (TON) towards various indanone derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Kaiyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Meng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Youyu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiangqi Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Hualei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Dongzhi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
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4
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Li F, Du Y, Liang Y, Wei Y, Zheng Y, Yu H. Redesigning an ( R)-Selective Transaminase for the Efficient Synthesis of Pharmaceutical N-Heterocyclic Amines. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c05177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fulong Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis (Tsinghua University), The Ministry of Education, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Du
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis (Tsinghua University), The Ministry of Education, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youxiang Liang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis (Tsinghua University), The Ministry of Education, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuwen Wei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis (Tsinghua University), The Ministry of Education, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yukun Zheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis (Tsinghua University), The Ministry of Education, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huimin Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis (Tsinghua University), The Ministry of Education, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
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5
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Kawada T, Yabushita K, Yasuda T, Ohta T, Yajima T, Tanaka K, Utsumi N, Watanabe M, Murata K, Kayaki Y, Kuwata S, Katayama T. Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenative Amination of Benzylic Ketones Catalyzed by Cp*Ir(III) Complexes Bearing a Chiral N-(2-Picolyl)sulfonamidato Ligand. J Org Chem 2022; 87:8458-8468. [PMID: 35686909 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A convenient asymmetric reductive amination of benzylic ketones (α-arylated ketones) catalyzed by newly designed Cp*Ir complexes bearing a chiral N-(2-picolyl)sulfonamidato ligand was developed. Using readily available β-amino alcohols as chiral aminating agents, a range of benzo-fused and acyclic ketones were successfully reduced with formic acid in methanol at 40 °C to afford amines with favorable chemo- and diastereoselectivities. The amino alcohol-derived chiral auxiliary was easily removed by mild periodic oxidants, leading to optically active primary β-arylamines without erosion of the optical purity (up to 97% ee). The excellent catalytic performance was retained even upon lowering the amount of catalyst to a substrate/catalyst (S/C) ratio of 20,000, and the amination could be performed on a large scale exceeding 100 g. The precise hydride transfer to iminium species generated from the ketonic substrate and the chiral amine counterpart was suggested by the mechanistic studies on stoichiometric reactions of isolable hydridoiridium complexes and model intermediates such as N,O-acetal, enamine, and iminium compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Kawada
- Central Research Laboratory, Technology & Department Division, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., 7-1, Inari 1-chome, Soka, Saitama 340-0003, Japan
| | - Kenya Yabushita
- Central Research Laboratory, Technology & Department Division, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., 7-1, Inari 1-chome, Soka, Saitama 340-0003, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Yasuda
- Central Research Laboratory, Technology & Department Division, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., 7-1, Inari 1-chome, Soka, Saitama 340-0003, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ohta
- Central Research Laboratory, Technology & Department Division, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., 7-1, Inari 1-chome, Soka, Saitama 340-0003, Japan
| | - Takaaki Yajima
- Central Research Laboratory, Technology & Department Division, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., 7-1, Inari 1-chome, Soka, Saitama 340-0003, Japan
| | - Kouichi Tanaka
- Central Research Laboratory, Technology & Department Division, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., 7-1, Inari 1-chome, Soka, Saitama 340-0003, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Utsumi
- Central Research Laboratory, Technology & Department Division, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., 7-1, Inari 1-chome, Soka, Saitama 340-0003, Japan
| | - Masahito Watanabe
- Central Research Laboratory, Technology & Department Division, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., 7-1, Inari 1-chome, Soka, Saitama 340-0003, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Murata
- Central Research Laboratory, Technology & Department Division, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., 7-1, Inari 1-chome, Soka, Saitama 340-0003, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Kayaki
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-E4-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Shigeki Kuwata
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-E4-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Takeaki Katayama
- Central Research Laboratory, Technology & Department Division, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., 7-1, Inari 1-chome, Soka, Saitama 340-0003, Japan
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6
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Baud D, Tappertzhofen N, Moody TS, Ward JM, Hailes HC. Stereoselective Transaminase‐Mediated Synthesis of Serotonin and Melatonin Receptor Agonists. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damien Baud
- Department of Chemistry University College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| | - Nadine Tappertzhofen
- Department of Chemistry University College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| | - Thomas S. Moody
- Almac Department of Biocatalysis & Isotope Chemistry 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate Craigavon BT63 5QD N. Ireland, U.K
- Arran Chemical Company Limited Unit 1 Monksland Industrial Estate Athlone Co. Roscommon Ireland
| | - John M. Ward
- University College London Department of Biochemical Engineering Bernard Katz Building London WC1E 6BT, U.K
| | - Helen C. Hailes
- Department of Chemistry University College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
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7
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Corrado ML, Knaus T, Schwaneberg U, Mutti FG. High-Yield Synthesis of Enantiopure 1,2-Amino Alcohols from l-Phenylalanine via Linear and Divergent Enzymatic Cascades. Org Process Res Dev 2022; 26:2085-2095. [PMID: 35873603 PMCID: PMC9295148 DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.1c00490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Enantiomerically
pure 1,2-amino alcohols are important compounds
due to their biological activities and wide applications in chemical
synthesis. In this work, we present two multienzyme pathways for the
conversion of l-phenylalanine into either 2-phenylglycinol
or phenylethanolamine in the enantiomerically pure form. Both pathways
start with the two-pot sequential four-step conversion of l-phenylalanine into styrene via subsequent deamination, decarboxylation,
enantioselective epoxidation, and enantioselective hydrolysis. For
instance, after optimization, the multienzyme process could convert
507 mg of l-phenylalanine into (R)-1-phenyl-1,2-diol
in an overall isolated yield of 75% and >99% ee. The opposite enantiomer,
(S)-1-phenyl-1,2-diol, was also obtained in a 70%
yield and 98–99% ee following the same approach. At this stage,
two divergent routes were developed to convert the chiral diols into
either 2-phenylglycinol or phenylethanolamine. The former route consisted
of a one-pot concurrent interconnected two-step cascade in which the
diol intermediate was oxidized to 2-hydroxy-acetophenone by an alcohol
dehydrogenase and then aminated by a transaminase to give enantiomerically
pure 2-phenylglycinol. Notably, the addition of an alanine dehydrogenase
enabled the connection of the two steps and made the overall process
redox-self-sufficient. Thus, (S)-phenylglycinol was
isolated in an 81% yield and >99.4% ee starting from ca. 100 mg
of
the diol intermediate. The second route consisted of a one-pot concurrent
two-step cascade in which the oxidative and reductive steps were not
interconnected. In this case, the diol intermediate was oxidized to
either (S)- or (R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetaldehyde
by an alcohol oxidase and then aminated by an amine dehydrogenase
to give the enantiomerically pure phenylethanolamine. The addition
of a formate dehydrogenase and sodium formate was required to provide
the reducing equivalents for the reductive amination step. Thus, (R)-phenylethanolamine was isolated in a 92% yield and >99.9%
ee starting from ca. 100 mg of the diol intermediate. In summary, l-phenylalanine was converted into enantiomerically pure 2-phenylglycinol
and phenylethanolamine in overall yields of 61% and 69%, respectively.
This work exemplifies how linear and divergent enzyme cascades can
enable the synthesis of high-value chiral molecules such as amino
alcohols from a renewable material such as l-phenylalanine
with high atom economy and improved sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria L. Corrado
- Van’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, HIMS-Biocat, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja Knaus
- Van’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, HIMS-Biocat, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrich Schwaneberg
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Francesco G. Mutti
- Van’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, HIMS-Biocat, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
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8
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Transaminase Catalysis for Enantiopure Saturated Heterocycles as Potential Drug Scaffolds. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11121501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As efforts in rational drug design are driving the pharmaceutical industry towards more complex molecules, the synthesis and production of these new drugs can benefit from new reaction routes. In addition to the introduction of new centers of asymmetry, complexity can be also increased by ring saturation, which also provides improved developability measures. Therefore, in this report, our aim was to develop transaminase (TA)-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of a new group of potential chiral drug scaffolds comprising a saturated amine heterocycle backbone and an asymmetric primary amine sidechain (55a–g). We screened the Codex® Amine Transaminase Kit of 24 transaminases with the morpholine containing ketone 57a, resulting in one (R)-selective TA and three (S)-selective TAs operating at 100 mM substrate concentration and 25 v/v% isopropylamine (IPA) content. The optimized reaction conditions were than applied for asymmetric transamination of further six ketones (57b–g) containing various amine heterocycles, in which a strong effect of the substitution pattern of the γ-position relative to the substituted N-atom could be observed. Mediated by the most enantiotope selective (S)-TAs in scaled-up process, the (S)-amines [(S)-55a–g] were isolated with moderate-to-excellent yields (47–94%) in enantiopure form (>99% ee).
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9
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Ramírez-Palacios C, Wijma HJ, Thallmair S, Marrink SJ, Janssen DB. Computational Prediction of ω-Transaminase Specificity by a Combination of Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Chem Inf Model 2021; 61:5569-5580. [PMID: 34653331 PMCID: PMC8611723 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.1c00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
ω-Transaminases (ω-TAs) catalyze the conversion of ketones to chiral amines, often with high enantioselectivity and specificity, which makes them attractive for industrial production of chiral amines. Tailoring ω-TAs to accept non-natural substrates is necessary because of their limited substrate range. We present a computational protocol for predicting the enantioselectivity and catalytic selectivity of an ω-TA from Vibrio fluvialis with different substrates and benchmark it against 62 compounds gathered from the literature. Rosetta-generated complexes containing an external aldimine intermediate of the transamination reaction are used as starting conformations for multiple short independent molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The combination of molecular docking and MD simulations ensures sufficient and accurate sampling of the relevant conformational space. Based on the frequency of near-attack conformations observed during the MD trajectories, enantioselectivities can be quantitatively predicted. The predicted enantioselectivities are in agreement with a benchmark dataset of experimentally determined ee% values. The substrate-range predictions can be based on the docking score of the external aldimine intermediate. The low computational cost required to run the presented framework makes it feasible for use in enzyme design to screen thousands of enzyme variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Ramírez-Palacios
- Biotransformation and Biocatalysis, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.,Molecular Dynamics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hein J Wijma
- Biotransformation and Biocatalysis, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Thallmair
- Molecular Dynamics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.,Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Ruth-Moufang-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Siewert J Marrink
- Molecular Dynamics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dick B Janssen
- Biotransformation and Biocatalysis, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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10
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Citoler J, Harawa V, Marshall JR, Bevinakatti H, Finnigan JD, Charnock SJ, Turner NJ. Synthesis of Pharmaceutically Relevant 2‐Aminotetralin and 3‐Aminochroman Derivatives via Enzymatic Reductive Amination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joan Citoler
- Department of Chemistry University of Manchester Manchester Institute of Biotechnology 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - Vanessa Harawa
- Department of Chemistry University of Manchester Manchester Institute of Biotechnology 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - James R. Marshall
- Department of Chemistry University of Manchester Manchester Institute of Biotechnology 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - Han Bevinakatti
- Nouryon (formerly AkzoNobel Specialty Chemicals) 10 Finderne Ave Bridgewater NJ 08807 USA
| | | | | | - Nicholas J. Turner
- Department of Chemistry University of Manchester Manchester Institute of Biotechnology 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
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11
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Citoler J, Harawa V, Marshall JR, Bevinakatti H, Finnigan JD, Charnock SJ, Turner NJ. Synthesis of Pharmaceutically Relevant 2-Aminotetralin and 3-Aminochroman Derivatives via Enzymatic Reductive Amination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24456-24460. [PMID: 34478225 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
2-Aminotetralin and 3-aminochroman derivatives are key structural motifs present in a wide range of pharmaceutically important molecules. Herein, we report an effective biocatalytic approach towards these molecules through the enantioselective reductive coupling of 2-tetralones and 3-chromanones with a diverse range of primary amine partners. Metagenomic imine reductases (IREDs) were employed as the biocatalysts, obtaining high yields and enantiocomplementary selectivity for >15 examples at preparative scale, including the precursors to Ebalzotan, Robalzotan, Alnespirone and 5-OH-DPAT. We also present a convergent chemo-enzymatic total synthesis of the Parkinson's disease therapy Rotigotine in 63 % overall yield and 92 % ee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Citoler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Vanessa Harawa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - James R Marshall
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Han Bevinakatti
- Nouryon (formerly AkzoNobel Specialty Chemicals), 10 Finderne Ave, Bridgewater, NJ, 08807, USA
| | | | | | - Nicholas J Turner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
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12
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Khobragade TP, Sarak S, Pagar AD, Jeon H, Giri P, Yun H. Synthesis of Sitagliptin Intermediate by a Multi-Enzymatic Cascade System Using Lipase and Transaminase With Benzylamine as an Amino Donor. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:757062. [PMID: 34692666 PMCID: PMC8526967 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.757062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report the development of a multi-enzyme cascade using transaminase (TA), esterase, aldehyde reductase (AHR), and formate dehydrogenase (FDH), using benzylamine as an amino donor to synthesize the industrially important compound sitagliptin intermediate. A panel of 16 TAs was screened using ethyl 3-oxo-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl) butanoate as a substrate (1). Amongst these enzymes, TA from Roseomonas deserti (TARO) was found to be the most suitable, showing the highest activity towards benzylamine (∼70%). The inhibitory effect of benzaldehyde was resolved by using AHR from Synechocystis sp. and FDH from Pseudomonas sp., which catalyzed the conversion of benzaldehyde to benzyl alcohol at the expense of NAD(P)H. Reaction parameters, such as pH, buffer system, and concentration of amino donor, were optimized. A single whole-cell system was developed for co-expressing TARO and esterase, and the promoter engineering strategy was adopted to control the expression level of each biocatalyst. The whole-cell reactions were performed with varying substrate concentrations (10-100 mM), resulting in excellent conversions (ranging from 72 to 91%) into the desired product. Finally, the applicability of this cascade was highlighted on Gram scale, indicating production of 70% of the sitagliptin intermediate with 61% isolated yield. The protocol reported herein may be considered an alternative to existing methods with respect to the use of cheaper amine donors as well as improved synthesis of (R) and (S) enantiomers with the use of non-chiral amino donors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hyungdon Yun
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
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13
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Meng Q, Ramírez-Palacios C, Capra N, Hooghwinkel ME, Thallmair S, Rozeboom HJ, Thunnissen AMWH, Wijma HJ, Marrink SJ, Janssen DB. Computational Redesign of an ω-Transaminase from Pseudomonas jessenii for Asymmetric Synthesis of Enantiopure Bulky Amines. ACS Catal 2021; 11:10733-10747. [PMID: 34504735 PMCID: PMC8419838 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
![]()
ω-Transaminases
(ω-TA) are attractive biocatalysts
for the production of chiral amines from prochiral ketones via asymmetric synthesis. However, the substrate scope of
ω-TAs is usually limited due to steric hindrance at the active
site pockets. We explored a protein engineering strategy using computational
design to expand the substrate scope of an (S)-selective
ω-TA from Pseudomonas jessenii (PjTA-R6) toward the production of bulky amines. PjTA-R6 is attractive for use in applied biocatalysis due
to its thermostability, tolerance to organic solvents, and acceptance
of high concentrations of isopropylamine as amino donor. PjTA-R6 showed no detectable activity for the synthesis of six bicyclic
or bulky amines targeted in this study. Six small libraries composed
of 7–18 variants each were separately designed via computational methods and tested in the laboratory for ketone to
amine conversion. In each library, the vast majority of the variants
displayed the desired activity, and of the 40 different designs, 38
produced the target amine in good yield with >99% enantiomeric
excess.
This shows that the substrate scope and enantioselectivity of PjTA mutants could be predicted in silico with high accuracy. The single mutant W58G showed the best performance
in the synthesis of five structurally similar bulky amines containing
the indan and tetralin moieties. The best variant for the other bulky
amine, 1-phenylbutylamine, was the triple mutant W58M + F86L + R417L,
indicating that Trp58 is a key residue in the large binding pocket
for PjTA-R6 redesign. Crystal structures of the two
best variants confirmed the computationally predicted structures.
The results show that computational design can be an efficient approach
to rapidly expand the substrate scope of ω-TAs to produce enantiopure
bulky amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglong Meng
- Biotransformation and Biocatalysis, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, AG Groningen 9747, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Carlos Ramírez-Palacios
- Biotransformation and Biocatalysis, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, AG Groningen 9747, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Molecular Dynamics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, AG Groningen 9747, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nikolas Capra
- Biotransformation and Biocatalysis, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, AG Groningen 9747, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mattijs E. Hooghwinkel
- Biotransformation and Biocatalysis, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, AG Groningen 9747, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Thallmair
- Molecular Dynamics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, AG Groningen 9747, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Ruth-Moufang-Str. 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - Henriëtte J. Rozeboom
- Biotransformation and Biocatalysis, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, AG Groningen 9747, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Andy-Mark W. H. Thunnissen
- Biotransformation and Biocatalysis, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, AG Groningen 9747, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hein J. Wijma
- Biotransformation and Biocatalysis, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, AG Groningen 9747, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Siewert J. Marrink
- Molecular Dynamics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, AG Groningen 9747, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dick B. Janssen
- Biotransformation and Biocatalysis, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, AG Groningen 9747, Groningen, The Netherlands
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14
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Corrado ML, Knaus T, Mutti FG. High Regio- and Stereoselective Multi-enzymatic Synthesis of All Phenylpropanolamine Stereoisomers from β-Methylstyrene. Chembiochem 2021; 22:2345-2350. [PMID: 33880862 PMCID: PMC8359840 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We present a one‐pot cascade for the synthesis of phenylpropanolamines (PPAs) in high optical purities (er and dr up to >99.5 %) and analytical yields (up to 95 %) by using 1‐phenylpropane‐1,2‐diols as key intermediates. This bioamination entails the combination of an alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), an ω‐transaminase (ωTA) and an alanine dehydrogenase to create a redox‐neutral network, which harnesses the exquisite and complementary regio‐ and stereo‐selectivities of the selected ADHs and ωTAs. The requisite 1‐phenylpropane‐1,2‐diol intermediates were obtained from trans‐ or cis‐β‐methylstyrene by combining a styrene monooxygenase with epoxide hydrolases. Furthermore, in selected cases, the envisioned cascade enabled to obtain the structural isomer (1S,2R)‐1‐amino‐1‐phenylpropan‐2‐ol in high optical purity (er and dr >99.5 %). This is the first report on an enzymatic method that enables to obtain all of the four possible PPA stereoisomers in great enantio‐ and diastereo‐selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria L Corrado
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, HIMS-Biocat, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja Knaus
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, HIMS-Biocat, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Francesco G Mutti
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, HIMS-Biocat, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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15
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Li R, Chen Y, Du K, Feng W. Peptide Bond Formation Between the Hetrosubunits of ω-Transaminase, Alanine Dehydrogenase, and Formate Dehydrogenase Through Subunit Splicing Promoted by Heterodimerization of Leucine Zipper Motifs. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:686. [PMID: 32695764 PMCID: PMC7338344 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For the multimeric enzymes R-ω-transaminase (RTA), alanine dehydrogenase (AlaDH), and formate dehydrogenase (FDH), peptide bond formation between the hetrosubunits has been achieved by the intein-mediated in vivo subunit splicing. The subunit ligation is triggered by the heterodimerization of an arginine rich leucine zipper motif with a glutamic acid rich leucine zipper motif. The one-by-one ligation of hetrosubunits constructs the pairing enzymes RTA&AlaDH and AlaDH&FDH. The ligation modes were analyzed based on blue native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (BN-PAGE). The spectra of circular dichroism (CD), fluorescence, and two-dimensional FTIR provide information on the secondary structures and stability of the pairing enzymes. The enzyme-substrate interaction was analyzed based on microscale thermophoresis analysis. In contrast to the mixed three enzymes RTA + AlaDH + FDH, the ligated enzymes RTA&AlaDH + AlaDH&FDH exhibited a much larger substrate affinity, higher stability, and significantly enhanced activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- Department of Biological Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Biological Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Du
- Department of Biological Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Biological Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
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16
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Bakthadoss M, Agarwal V, Tadiparthi TR, Mohammad M. Domino ring opening and selective O/S-alkylation of cyclic ethers and thioethers. Mol Divers 2020; 25:2467-2478. [PMID: 32462464 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-020-10105-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Chemoselective domino ring opening and selective O/S-alkylation of ethers/thioethers over enol C/O alkylation has been observed. Various 2-aryl chromanones/thiochromanones with alkyl/allyl bromides were smoothly converted into the corresponding highly functionalized ethers and thioethers in excellent yields with high selectivity. An unusual, chemoselective domino ring opening and selective ether/thioether O/S-alkylation over. An unusual, chemoselective domino ring opening and selective ether/thioether O/S alkylation over enol C/O alkylation has been observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manickam Bakthadoss
- Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, 605 014, India.
| | - Vishal Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, 605 014, India
| | | | - Mushaf Mohammad
- Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, 605 014, India
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17
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Fedorchuk TP, Khusnutdinova AN, Evdokimova E, Flick R, Di Leo R, Stogios P, Savchenko A, Yakunin AF. One-Pot Biocatalytic Transformation of Adipic Acid to 6-Aminocaproic Acid and 1,6-Hexamethylenediamine Using Carboxylic Acid Reductases and Transaminases. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:1038-1048. [PMID: 31886667 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Production of platform chemicals from renewable feedstocks is becoming increasingly important due to concerns on environmental contamination, climate change, and depletion of fossil fuels. Adipic acid (AA), 6-aminocaproic acid (6-ACA) and 1,6-hexamethylenediamine (HMD) are key precursors for nylon synthesis, which are currently produced primarily from petroleum-based feedstocks. In recent years, the biosynthesis of adipic acid from renewable feedstocks has been demonstrated using both bacterial and yeast cells. Here we report the biocatalytic conversion/transformation of AA to 6-ACA and HMD by carboxylic acid reductases (CARs) and transaminases (TAs), which involves two rounds (cascades) of reduction/amination reactions (AA → 6-ACA → HMD). Using purified wild type CARs and TAs supplemented with cofactor regenerating systems for ATP, NADPH, and amine donor, we established a one-pot enzyme cascade catalyzing up to 95% conversion of AA to 6-ACA. To increase the cascade activity for the transformation of 6-ACA to HMD, we determined the crystal structure of the CAR substrate-binding domain in complex with AMP and succinate and engineered three mutant CARs with enhanced activity against 6-ACA. In combination with TAs, the CAR L342E protein showed 50-75% conversion of 6-ACA to HMD. For the transformation of AA to HMD (via 6-ACA), the wild type CAR was combined with the L342E variant and two different TAs resulting in up to 30% conversion to HMD and 70% to 6-ACA. Our results highlight the suitability of CARs and TAs for several rounds of reduction/amination reactions in one-pot cascade systems and their potential for the biobased synthesis of terminal amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana P Fedorchuk
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3E5 , Canada.,Institute of Basic Biological Problems , Russian Academy of Sciences , Pushchino , Moscow Region 142290 , Russia
| | - Anna N Khusnutdinova
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3E5 , Canada.,Institute of Basic Biological Problems , Russian Academy of Sciences , Pushchino , Moscow Region 142290 , Russia
| | - Elena Evdokimova
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3E5 , Canada
| | - Robert Flick
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3E5 , Canada
| | - Rosa Di Leo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3E5 , Canada
| | - Peter Stogios
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3E5 , Canada
| | - Alexei Savchenko
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3E5 , Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases , University of Calgary , Calgary , Alberta T2N 4N1 , Canada
| | - Alexander F Yakunin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3E5 , Canada.,Centre for Environmental Biotechnology, School of Natural Sciences , Bangor University , Gwynedd LL57 2UW , U.K
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18
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Land H, Ruggieri F, Szekrenyi A, Fessner W, Berglund P. Engineering the Active Site of an (
S
)‐Selective Amine Transaminase for Acceptance of Doubly Bulky Primary Amines. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Land
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Department of Industrial BiotechnologyAlbaNova University Center SE-106 91 Stockholm Sweden
- Uppsala University, Department of Chemistry-Ångström LaboratoryMolecular Biomimetics Box 523 SE-751 20 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Federica Ruggieri
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Department of Industrial BiotechnologyAlbaNova University Center SE-106 91 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Anna Szekrenyi
- Technische Universität DarmstadtInstitut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Wolf‐Dieter Fessner
- Technische Universität DarmstadtInstitut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Per Berglund
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Department of Industrial BiotechnologyAlbaNova University Center SE-106 91 Stockholm Sweden
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19
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Isupov MN, Boyko KM, Sutter JM, James P, Sayer C, Schmidt M, Schönheit P, Nikolaeva AY, Stekhanova TN, Mardanov AV, Ravin NV, Bezsudnova EY, Popov VO, Littlechild JA. Thermostable Branched-Chain Amino Acid Transaminases From the Archaea Geoglobus acetivorans and Archaeoglobus fulgidus: Biochemical and Structural Characterization. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:7. [PMID: 30733943 PMCID: PMC6353796 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new thermophilic branched chain amino acid transaminases have been identified within the genomes of different hyper-thermophilic archaea, Geoglobus acetivorans, and Archaeoglobus fulgidus. These enzymes belong to the class IV of transaminases as defined by their structural fold. The enzymes have been cloned and over-expressed in Escherichia coli and the recombinant enzymes have been characterized both biochemically and structurally. Both enzymes showed high thermostability with optimal temperature for activity at 80 and 85°C, respectively. They retain good activity after exposure to 50% of the organic solvents, ethanol, methanol, DMSO and acetonitrile. The enzymes show a low activity to (R)-methylbenzylamine but no activity to (S)-methylbenzylamine. Both enzymes have been crystallized and their structures solved in the internal aldimine form, to 1.9 Å resolution for the Geoglobus enzyme and 2.0 Å for the Archaeoglobus enzyme. Also the Geoglobus enzyme structure has been determined in complex with the amino acceptor α-ketoglutarate and the Archaeoglobus enzyme in complex with the inhibitor gabaculine. These two complexes have helped to determine the conformation of the enzymes during enzymatic turnover and have increased understanding of their substrate specificity. A comparison has been made with another (R) selective class IV transaminase from the fungus Nectria haematococca which was previously studied in complex with gabaculine. The subtle structural differences between these enzymes has provided insight regarding their different substrate specificities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michail N. Isupov
- Henry Wellcome Building for Biocatalysis, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantin M. Boyko
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Jan-Moritz Sutter
- Institut für Allgemeine Mikrobiologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Paul James
- Henry Wellcome Building for Biocatalysis, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Sayer
- Henry Wellcome Building for Biocatalysis, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Marcel Schmidt
- Institut für Allgemeine Mikrobiologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Peter Schönheit
- Institut für Allgemeine Mikrobiologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alena Yu. Nikolaeva
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Andrey V. Mardanov
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolai V. Ravin
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Vladimir O. Popov
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Jennifer A. Littlechild
- Henry Wellcome Building for Biocatalysis, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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20
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Zhang JD, Zhao JW, Gao LL, Chang HH, Wei WL, Xu JH. Enantioselective synthesis of enantiopure β-amino alcohols via kinetic resolution and asymmetric reductive amination by a robust transaminase from Mycobacterium vanbaalenii. J Biotechnol 2019; 290:24-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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21
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Voss M, Das D, Genz M, Kumar A, Kulkarni N, Kustosz J, Kumar P, Bornscheuer UT, Höhne M. In Silico Based Engineering Approach to Improve Transaminases for the Conversion of Bulky Substrates. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b03900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Voss
- Department of Biotechnology & Enzyme Catalysis, Institute of Biochemistry, Greifswald University, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Devashish Das
- Quantumzyme, LLP, No. 110/8, Krishnappa Layout, Lalbagh Road, Bangalore 560027, India
| | - Maika Genz
- Department of Biotechnology & Enzyme Catalysis, Institute of Biochemistry, Greifswald University, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anurag Kumar
- Quantumzyme, LLP, No. 110/8, Krishnappa Layout, Lalbagh Road, Bangalore 560027, India
| | - Naveen Kulkarni
- Quantumzyme, LLP, No. 110/8, Krishnappa Layout, Lalbagh Road, Bangalore 560027, India
| | - Jakub Kustosz
- Department of Biotechnology & Enzyme Catalysis, Institute of Biochemistry, Greifswald University, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Pravin Kumar
- Quantumzyme, LLP, No. 110/8, Krishnappa Layout, Lalbagh Road, Bangalore 560027, India
| | - Uwe T. Bornscheuer
- Department of Biotechnology & Enzyme Catalysis, Institute of Biochemistry, Greifswald University, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matthias Höhne
- Protein Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Greifswald University, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
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22
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Development of Biotransamination Reactions towards the 3,4-Dihydro-2H-1,5-benzoxathiepin-3-amine Enantiomers. Catalysts 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/catal8100470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The stereoselective synthesis of chiral amines is an appealing task nowadays. In this context, biocatalysis plays a crucial role due to the straightforward conversion of prochiral and racemic ketones into enantiopure amines by means of a series of enzyme classes such as amine dehydrogenases, imine reductases, reductive aminases and amine transaminases. In particular, the stereoselective synthesis of 1,5-benzoxathiepin-3-amines have attracted particular attention since they possess remarkable biological profiles; however, their access through biocatalytic methods is unexplored. Amine transaminases are applied herein in the biotransamination of 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzoxathiepin-3-one, finding suitable enzymes for accessing both target amine enantiomers in high conversion and enantiomeric excess values. Biotransamination experiments have been analysed, trying to optimise the reaction conditions in terms of enzyme loading, temperature and reaction times.
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23
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Srinivas B, Kumar PV, Nagendra Reddy P, Venu S, Shyam P, David Krupadanam GL. Design, Synthesis, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Novel 2-((1-Benzyl-1H-1,2,3-Triazol-4-yl)methyl)-5-(2HChromen- 3-yl)-2H-Tetrazoles. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162018020097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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24
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Covalently immobilized Trp60Cys mutant of ω-transaminase from Chromobacterium violaceum for kinetic resolution of racemic amines in batch and continuous-flow modes. Biochem Eng J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2018.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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25
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Chen S, Berglund P, Humble MS. The effect of phosphate group binding cup coordination on the stability of the amine transaminase from Chromobacterium violaceum. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2017.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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26
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Kelly SA, Pohle S, Wharry S, Mix S, Allen CCR, Moody TS, Gilmore BF. Application of ω-Transaminases in the Pharmaceutical Industry. Chem Rev 2017; 118:349-367. [PMID: 29251912 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chiral amines are valuable building blocks for the pharmaceutical industry. ω-TAms have emerged as an exciting option for their synthesis, offering a potential "green alternative" to overcome the drawbacks associated with conventional chemical methods. In this review, we explore the application of ω-TAms for pharmaceutical production. We discuss the diverse array of reactions available involving ω-TAms and process considerations of their use in both kinetic resolution and asymmetric synthesis. With the aid of specific drug intermediates and APIs, we chart the development of ω-TAms using protein engineering and their contribution to elegant one-pot cascades with other enzymes, including carbonyl reductases (CREDs), hydrolases and monoamine oxidases (MAOs), providing a comprehensive overview of their uses, beginning with initial applications through to the present day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Kelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast , Belfast BT9 7BL, N. Ireland, U.K
| | - Stefan Pohle
- Almac , Department of Biocatalysis & Isotope Chemistry, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon BT63 5QD, N. Ireland, U.K
| | - Scott Wharry
- Almac , Department of Biocatalysis & Isotope Chemistry, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon BT63 5QD, N. Ireland, U.K
| | - Stefan Mix
- Almac , Department of Biocatalysis & Isotope Chemistry, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon BT63 5QD, N. Ireland, U.K
| | - Christopher C R Allen
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast , Belfast BT9 7BL, N. Ireland, U.K
| | - Thomas S Moody
- Almac , Department of Biocatalysis & Isotope Chemistry, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon BT63 5QD, N. Ireland, U.K.,Arran Chemical Company Limited , Unit 1 Monksland Industrial Estate, Athlone, Co. Roscommon, Ireland
| | - Brendan F Gilmore
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast , Belfast BT9 7BL, N. Ireland, U.K
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27
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Herter S, Medina F, Wagschal S, Benhaïm C, Leipold F, Turner NJ. Mapping the substrate scope of monoamine oxidase (MAO-N) as a synthetic tool for the enantioselective synthesis of chiral amines. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 26:1338-1346. [PMID: 28764963 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A library of 132 racemic chiral amines (α-substituted methylbenzylamines, benzhydrylamines, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthylamines (THNs), indanylamines, allylic and homoallylic amines, propargyl amines) was screened against the most versatile monoamine oxidase (MAO-N) variants D5, D9 and D11. MAO-N D9 exhibited the highest activity for most substrates and was applied to the deracemisation of a comprehensive set of selected primary amines. In all cases, excellent enantioselectivity was achieved (e.e. >99%) with moderate to good yields (55-80%). Conditions for the deracemisation of primary amines using a MAO-N/borane system were further optimised using THN as a template addressing substrate load, nature of the enzyme preparation, buffer systems, borane sources, and organic co-solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Herter
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, M1 7DN Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Florian Medina
- Pharmaceutical Development and Manufacturing Sciences, Janssen Pharmaceutical, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Simon Wagschal
- Pharmaceutical Development and Manufacturing Sciences, Janssen Pharmaceutical, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium.
| | - Cyril Benhaïm
- Pharmaceutical Development and Manufacturing Sciences, Janssen Pharmaceutical, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Friedemann Leipold
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, M1 7DN Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas J Turner
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, M1 7DN Manchester, United Kingdom.
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28
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Burns M, Martinez CA, Vanderplas B, Wisdom R, Yu S, Singer RA. A Chemoenzymatic Route to Chiral Intermediates Used in the Multikilogram Synthesis of a Gamma Secretase Inhibitor. Org Process Res Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.7b00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Burns
- Chemical
Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Carlos A. Martinez
- Chemical
Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Brian Vanderplas
- Chemical
Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Richard Wisdom
- Euticals GmbH, Industriepark Hoechst,
D569, 65926, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Shu Yu
- Chemical
Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Robert A. Singer
- Chemical
Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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29
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Knaus T, Böhmer W, Mutti FG. Amine dehydrogenases: efficient biocatalysts for the reductive amination of carbonyl compounds. GREEN CHEMISTRY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL AND GREEN CHEMISTRY RESOURCE : GC 2017; 19:453-463. [PMID: 28663713 PMCID: PMC5486444 DOI: 10.1039/c6gc01987k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Amines constitute the major targets for the production of a plethora of chemical compounds that have applications in the pharmaceutical, agrochemical and bulk chemical industries. However, the asymmetric synthesis of α-chiral amines with elevated catalytic efficiency and atom economy is still a very challenging synthetic problem. Here, we investigated the biocatalytic reductive amination of carbonyl compounds employing a rising class of enzymes for amine synthesis: amine dehydrogenases (AmDHs). The three AmDHs from this study - operating in tandem with a formate dehydrogenase from Candida boidinii (Cb-FDH) for the recycling of the nicotinamide coenzyme - performed the efficient amination of a range of diverse aromatic and aliphatic ketones and aldehydes with up to quantitative conversion and elevated turnover numbers (TONs). Moreover, the reductive amination of prochiral ketones proceeded with perfect stereoselectivity, always affording the (R)-configured amines with more than 99% enantiomeric excess. The most suitable amine dehydrogenase, the optimised catalyst loading and the required reaction time were determined for each substrate. The biocatalytic reductive amination with this dual-enzyme system (AmDH-Cb-FDH) possesses elevated atom efficiency as it utilizes the ammonium formate buffer as the source of both nitrogen and reducing equivalents. Inorganic carbonate is the sole by-product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Knaus
- Van’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University
of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Wesley Böhmer
- Van’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University
of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Francesco G. Mutti
- Van’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University
of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Liu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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31
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Characterization of Four New Distinct ω-Transaminases from Pseudomonas putida NBRC 14164 for Kinetic Resolution of Racemic Amines and Amino Alcohols. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 181:972-985. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2263-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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32
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Liang YR, Wu Q, Lin XF. Effect of Additives on the Selectivity and Reactivity of Enzymes. CHEM REC 2016; 17:90-121. [PMID: 27490244 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201600016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes have been widely used as efficient, eco-friendly, and biodegradable catalysts in organic chemistry due to their mild reaction conditions and high selectivity and efficiency. In recent years, the catalytic promiscuity of many enzymes in unnatural reactions has been revealed and studied by chemists and biochemists, which has expanded the application potential of enzymes. To enhance the selectivity and activity of enzymes in their natural or promiscuous reactions, many methods have been recommended, such as protein engineering, process engineering, and media engineering. Among them, the additive approach is very attractive because of its simplicity to use and high efficiency. In this paper, we will review the recent developments about the applications of additives to improve the catalytic performances of enzymes in their natural and promiscuous reactions. These additives include water, organic bases, water mimics, cosolvents, crown ethers, salts, surfactants, and some particular molecular additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ru Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Fu Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
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33
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Cuetos A, García-Ramos M, Fischereder EM, Díaz-Rodríguez A, Grogan G, Gotor V, Kroutil W, Lavandera I. Catalytic Promiscuity of Transaminases: Preparation of Enantioenriched β-Fluoroamines by Formal Tandem Hydrodefluorination/Deamination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201510554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aníbal Cuetos
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Marina García-Ramos
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica; University of Oviedo, Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias; C/Julián Clavería 8 33006 Oviedo Spain
| | - Eva-Maria Fischereder
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry; University of Graz; Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Alba Díaz-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica; University of Oviedo, Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias; C/Julián Clavería 8 33006 Oviedo Spain
- Medicines Research Centre; GlaxoSmithKline R&D Ltd; Gunnels Wood Road Stevenage Hertfordshire SG1 2NY UK
| | - Gideon Grogan
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Vicente Gotor
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica; University of Oviedo, Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias; C/Julián Clavería 8 33006 Oviedo Spain
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry; University of Graz; Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Iván Lavandera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica; University of Oviedo, Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias; C/Julián Clavería 8 33006 Oviedo Spain
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34
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Cuetos A, García-Ramos M, Fischereder EM, Díaz-Rodríguez A, Grogan G, Gotor V, Kroutil W, Lavandera I. Catalytic Promiscuity of Transaminases: Preparation of Enantioenriched β-Fluoroamines by Formal Tandem Hydrodefluorination/Deamination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:3144-7. [PMID: 26836037 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201510554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Transaminases are valuable enzymes for industrial biocatalysis and enable the preparation of optically pure amines. For these transformations they require either an amine donor (amination of ketones) or an amine acceptor (deamination of racemic amines). Herein transaminases are shown to react with aromatic β-fluoroamines, thus leading to simultaneous enantioselective dehalogenation and deamination to form the corresponding acetophenone derivatives in the absence of an amine acceptor. A series of racemic β-fluoroamines was resolved in a kinetic resolution by tandem hydrodefluorination/deamination, thus giving the corresponding amines with up to greater than 99 % ee. This protocol is the first example of exploiting the catalytic promiscuity of transaminases as a tool for novel transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aníbal Cuetos
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Marina García-Ramos
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, University of Oviedo, Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias, C/Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Eva-Maria Fischereder
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Alba Díaz-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, University of Oviedo, Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias, C/Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain.,Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D Ltd, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Gideon Grogan
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Vicente Gotor
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, University of Oviedo, Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias, C/Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010, Graz, Austria.
| | - Iván Lavandera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, University of Oviedo, Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias, C/Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain.
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35
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Chen S, Land H, Berglund P, Humble MS. Stabilization of an amine transaminase for biocatalysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2015.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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36
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Fuchs M, Farnberger JE, Kroutil W. The Industrial Age of Biocatalytic Transamination. European J Org Chem 2015; 2015:6965-6982. [PMID: 26726292 PMCID: PMC4690199 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
During the last decade the use of ω-transaminases has been identified as a very powerful method for the preparation of optically pure amines from the corresponding ketones. Their immense potential for the preparation of chiral amines, together with their ease of use in combination with existing biocatalytic methods, have made these biocatalysts a competitor to any chemical methodology for (asymmetric) amination. An increasing number of examples, especially from industry, shows that this biocatalytic technology outmaneuvers existing chemical processes by its simple and flexible nature. In the last few years numerous publications and patents on synthetic routes, mainly to pharmaceuticals, involving ω-transaminases have been published. The review gives an overview of the application of ω-transaminases in organic synthesis with a focus on active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and the developments during the last few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Fuchs
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz NAWI Graz Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria E-mail: http://biocatalysis.uni-graz.at
| | - Judith E Farnberger
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib), c/o University of Graz Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz NAWI Graz Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria E-mail: http://biocatalysis.uni-graz.at
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37
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Richter N, Simon RC, Lechner H, Kroutil W, Ward JM, Hailes HC. ω-Transaminases for the amination of functionalised cyclic ketones. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:8843-51. [PMID: 26194788 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01204j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The potential of a number of enantiocomplementary ω-transaminases (ω-TAms) in the amination of cyclic ketones has been investigated. After a preliminary screening of several compounds with increasing complexity, different approaches to shift the equilibrium of the reaction to the amine products were studied, and reaction conditions (temperature and pH) optimised. Interestingly, 2-propylamine as an amine donor was tolerated by all five selected ω-TAms, and therefore used in further experiments. Due to the higher conversions observed and interest in chiral amines studies then focused on the amination of α-tetralone and 2-methylcyclohexanone. Both ketones were aminated to give the corresponding amine with at least one of the employed enzymes. Moreover, the amination of 2-methylcyclohexanone was investigated in more detail due to the different stereoselectivities observed with TAms used. The highest yields and stereoselectivities were obtained using the ω-TAm from Chromobacterium violaceum (CV-TAm), producing 2-methylcyclohexylamine with complete stereoselectivity at the (1S)-amine position and up to 24 : 1 selectivity for the cis : trans [(1S,2R) : (1S,2S)] isomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Richter
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK.
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38
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Börner T, Rehn G, Grey C, Adlercreutz P. A Process Concept for High-Purity Production of Amines by Transaminase-Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis: Combining Enzyme Cascade and Membrane-Assisted ISPR. Org Process Res Dev 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.5b00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Börner
- Department
of Biotechnology, Lund University, P.O. Box, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Gustav Rehn
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Carl Grey
- Department
of Biotechnology, Lund University, P.O. Box, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
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39
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Maity AN, Lin HH, Chiang HS, Lo HH, Ke SC. Reaction of Pyridoxal-5′-phosphate-N-oxide with Lysine 5,6-Aminomutase: Enzyme Flexibility toward Cofactor Analog. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b00671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hsin-Hua Lin
- Department
of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan 97401
| | | | - Hsin-Hsi Lo
- Department
of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan 97401
| | - Shyue-Chu Ke
- Department
of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan 97401
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40
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Au SK, Bommarius BR, Bommarius AS. Biphasic Reaction System Allows for Conversion of Hydrophobic Substrates by Amine Dehydrogenases. ACS Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/cs4012167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha K. Au
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Parker H. Petit Institute
of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Bettina R. Bommarius
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Parker H. Petit Institute
of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Andreas S. Bommarius
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Parker H. Petit Institute
of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic
Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
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41
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Fuchs CS, Hollauf M, Meissner M, Simon RC, Besset T, Reek JNH, Riethorst W, Zepeck F, Kroutil W. Dynamic Kinetic Resolution of 2-Phenylpropanal Derivatives to Yield β-Chiral Primary AminesviaBioamination. Adv Synth Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201400217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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42
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Sayer C, Martinez-Torres RJ, Richter N, Isupov MN, Hailes HC, Littlechild JA, Ward JM. The substrate specificity, enantioselectivity and structure of the (R)-selective amine : pyruvate transaminase from Nectria haematococca. FEBS J 2014; 281:2240-53. [PMID: 24618038 PMCID: PMC4255305 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
During the last decade the use of transaminases for the production of pharmaceutical and fine chemical intermediates has attracted a great deal of attention. Transaminases are versatile biocatalysts for the efficient production of amine intermediates and many have (S)-enantiospecificity. Transaminases with (R)-specificity are needed to expand the applications of these enzymes in biocatalysis. In this work we have identified a fungal putative (R)-specific transaminase from the Eurotiomycetes Nectria haematococca, cloned a synthetic version of this gene, demonstrated (R)-selective deamination of several substrates including (R)-α-methylbenzylamine, as well as production of (R)-amines, and determined its crystal structure. The crystal structures of the holoenzyme and the complex with an inhibitor gabaculine offer the first detailed insight into the structural basis for substrate specificity and enantioselectivity of the industrially important class of (R)-selective amine : pyruvate transaminases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Sayer
- Henry Wellcome Building for Biocatalysis, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
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43
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Paul CE, Rodríguez-Mata M, Busto E, Lavandera I, Gotor-Fernández V, Gotor V, García-Cerrada S, Mendiola J, de Frutos Ó, Collado I. Transaminases Applied to the Synthesis of High Added-Value Enantiopure Amines. Org Process Res Dev 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/op4003104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E. Paul
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias, University of Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain
| | - María Rodríguez-Mata
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias, University of Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain
| | - Eduardo Busto
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias, University of Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain
| | - Iván Lavandera
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias, University of Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain
| | - Vicente Gotor-Fernández
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias, University of Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain
| | - Vicente Gotor
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias, University of Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 8, Oviedo 33006, Spain
| | - Susana García-Cerrada
- Centro de Investigación
Lilly S.A., Avda. de la Industria
30, Alcobendas-Madrid 28108, Spain
| | - Javier Mendiola
- Centro de Investigación
Lilly S.A., Avda. de la Industria
30, Alcobendas-Madrid 28108, Spain
| | - Óscar de Frutos
- Centro de Investigación
Lilly S.A., Avda. de la Industria
30, Alcobendas-Madrid 28108, Spain
| | - Iván Collado
- Centro de Investigación
Lilly S.A., Avda. de la Industria
30, Alcobendas-Madrid 28108, Spain
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44
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Richter N, Simon RC, Kroutil W, Ward JM, Hailes HC. Synthesis of pharmaceutically relevant 17-α-amino steroids using an ω-transaminase. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:6098-100. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc49080g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and stereoselective biocatalytic route for the synthesis of 17α-amino steroids has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Richter
- Department of Chemistry
- University College London
- London, UK
- ACIB GmbH
- c/o Department of Chemistry
| | | | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- ACIB GmbH
- c/o Department of Chemistry
- University of Graz
- 8010 Graz, Austria
- Department of Chemistry
| | - John M. Ward
- Department of Biochemical Engineering
- University College London
- London, UK
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45
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Simon RC, Richter N, Busto E, Kroutil W. Recent Developments of Cascade Reactions Involving ω-Transaminases. ACS Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/cs400930v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert C. Simon
- Department
of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Nina Richter
- ACIB GmbH, c/o Heinrichstraße
28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Eduardo Busto
- Department
of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Department
of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
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46
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47
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Nugent TC, Williams RV, Dragan A, Méndez AA, Iosub AV. An investigation of the observed, but counter-intuitive, stereoselectivity noted during chiral amine synthesis via N-chiral-ketimines. Beilstein J Org Chem 2013; 9:2103-12. [PMID: 24204422 PMCID: PMC3817511 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The default explanation for good to high diastereomeric excess when reducing N-chiral imines possessing only mediocre cis/trans-imine ratios (>15% cis-imine) has invariably been in situ cis-to-trans isomerization before reduction; but until now no study unequivocally supported this conclusion. The present study co-examines an alternative hypothesis, namely that some classes of cis-imines may hold conformations that erode the inherent facial bias of the chiral auxiliary, providing more of the trans-imine reduction product than would otherwise be expected. The ensuing experimental and computational (DFT) results favor the former, pre-existing, explanation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C Nugent
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering and Science, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Andrei Dragan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering and Science, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Alejandro Alvarado Méndez
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering and Science, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Andrei V Iosub
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering and Science, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
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