1
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Sorgenfrei FA, Sloan JJ, Weissensteiner F, Zechner M, Mehner NA, Ellinghaus TL, Schachtschabel D, Seemayer S, Kroutil W. Solvent concentration at 50% protein unfolding may reform enzyme stability ranking and process window identification. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5420. [PMID: 38926341 PMCID: PMC11208486 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49774-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
As water miscible organic co-solvents are often required for enzyme reactions to improve e.g., the solubility of the substrate in the aqueous medium, an enzyme is required which displays high stability in the presence of this co-solvent. Consequently, it is of utmost importance to identify the most suitable enzyme or the appropriate reaction conditions. Until now, the melting temperature is used in general as a measure for stability of enzymes. The experiments here show, that the melting temperature does not correlate to the activity observed in the presence of the solvent. As an alternative parameter, the concentration of the co-solvent at the point of 50% protein unfolding at a specific temperature T in shortc U 50 T is introduced. Analyzing a set of ene reductases,c U 50 T is shown to indicate the concentration of the co-solvent where also the activity of the enzyme drops fastest. Comparing possible rankings of enzymes according to melting temperature andc U 50 T reveals a clearly diverging outcome also depending on the specific solvent used. Additionally, plots ofc U 50 versus temperature enable a fast identification of possible reaction windows to deduce tolerated solvent concentrations and temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frieda A Sorgenfrei
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology c/o University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Jeremy J Sloan
- BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, 67056, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Florian Weissensteiner
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology c/o University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
- Department of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Marco Zechner
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology c/o University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Niklas A Mehner
- BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, 67056, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | | | | | - Stefan Seemayer
- BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, 67056, Ludwigshafen, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology c/o University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010, Graz, Austria.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010, Graz, Austria.
- BioTechMed Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria.
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria.
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2
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Zhang W, Shao ZQ, Wang ZX, Ye YF, Li SF, Wang YJ. Advances in aldo-keto reductases immobilization for biocatalytic synthesis of chiral alcohols. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133264. [PMID: 38901517 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Chiral alcohols are essential building blocks of numerous pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals. Aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) constitute a superfamily of oxidoreductases that catalyze the reduction of aldehydes and ketones to their corresponding alcohols using NAD(P)H as a coenzyme. Knowledge about the crucial roles of AKRs immobilization in the biocatalytic synthesis of chiral alcohols is expanding. Herein, we reviewed the characteristics of various AKRs immobilization approaches, the applications of different immobilization materials, and the prospects of continuous flow bioreactor construction by employing these immobilized biocatalysts for synthesizing chiral alcohols. Finally, the opportunities and ongoing challenges for AKR immobilization are discussed and the outlook for this emerging area is analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China; The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Zi-Qing Shao
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China; The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Zhi-Xiu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China; The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Yuan-Fan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China; The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Shu-Fang Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China; The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Ya-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China; The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China.
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3
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Zhang Y, Mi J, Wu W, Fei J, Lv B, Yu X, Wen K, Shen J, Wang Z. Investigation of Antibody Tolerance in Methanol for Analytical Purposes: Methanol Effect Patterns and Molecular Mechanisms. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2402050. [PMID: 38889249 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The extraction of targets from biological samples for immunoassays using organic solvents, such as methanol, is often necessary. However, high concentrations of organic solvents in extracts invariably lead to instability of the employed antibody, resulting in poor performance of the immunoassay. Evaluating the tolerance ability and exploring the molecular mechanisms of antibody tolerance in organic solvents are essential for the development of robust immunoassays. In this work, 25 monoclonal antibodies and methanol are utilized as models to address these questions. A novel protocol is initially established to precisely and rapidly determine antibody tolerance in methanol, identifying two distinct methanol effect patterns. Through a detailed investigation of the structural basis, a novel hypothesis regarding methanol effect patterns is proposed, termed "folding-aggregation," which is subsequently validated through molecular dynamics simulations. Furthermore, the investigation of sequence basis reveals significant differences in residue types within the complementarity-determining regions and ligand-binding residues, distinguishing the two antibody methanol effect patterns. Moreover, the methanol effect patterns of the antibodies are defined by germline antibodies. This work represents the first exploration of antibody methanol effect patterns and associated molecular mechanisms, with potential implications for the discovery and engineering of tolerant antibodies for the development of robust immunoassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Jiafei Mi
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Weilin Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Jie Fei
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Bochen Lv
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xuezhi Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Kai Wen
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Zhanhui Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
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4
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Tacias-Pascacio VG, Castañeda-Valbuena D, Tavano O, Abellanas-Perez P, de Andrades D, Santiz-Gómez JA, Berenguer-Murcia Á, Fernandez-Lafuente R. A review on the immobilization of bromelain. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:133089. [PMID: 38878936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
This review shows the endeavors performed to prepare immobilized formulations of bromelain extract, usually from pineapple, and their use in diverse applications. This extract has a potent proteolytic component that is based on thiol proteases, which differ depending on the location on the fruit. Stem and fruit are the areas where higher activity is found. The edible origin of this enzyme is one of the features that determines the applications of the immobilized bromelain to a more significant degree. The enzyme has been immobilized on a wide diversity of supports via different strategies (covalent bonds, ion exchange), and also forming ex novo solids (nanoflowers, CLEAs, trapping in alginate beads, etc.). The use of preexisting nanoparticles as immobilization supports is relevant, as this facilitates one of the main applications of the immobilized enzyme, in therapeutic applications (as wound dressing and healing components, antibacterial or anticancer, mucus mobility control, etc.). A curiosity is the immobilization of this enzyme on spores of probiotic microorganisms via adsorption, in order to have a perfect in vivo compatibility. Other outstanding applications of the immobilized enzyme are in the stabilization of wine versus haze during storage, mainly when immobilized on chitosan. Curiously, the immobilized bromelain has been scarcely applied in the production of bioactive peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veymar G Tacias-Pascacio
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Nutrición y Alimentos, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Lib. Norte Pte. 1150, 29039 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico.
| | - Daniel Castañeda-Valbuena
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Nutrición y Alimentos, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Lib. Norte Pte. 1150, 29039 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Olga Tavano
- Faculty of Nutrition, Alfenas Federal Univ., 700 Gabriel Monteiro da Silva St, Alfenas, MG 37130-000, Brazil
| | | | - Diandra de Andrades
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
| | - José Alfredo Santiz-Gómez
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Carretera Panamericana Km. 1080, 29050 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Ángel Berenguer-Murcia
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto Universitario de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
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5
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Chen M, Jin T, Nian B, Cheng W. Solvent Tolerance Improvement of Lipases Enhanced Their Applications: State of the Art. Molecules 2024; 29:2444. [PMID: 38893320 PMCID: PMC11173743 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipases, crucial catalysts in biochemical synthesis, find extensive applications across industries such as food, medicine, and cosmetics. The efficiency of lipase-catalyzed reactions is significantly influenced by the choice of solvents. Polar organic solvents often result in a decrease, or even loss, of lipase activity. Conversely, nonpolar organic solvents induce excessive rigidity in lipases, thereby affecting their activity. While the advent of new solvents like ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents has somewhat improved the activity and stability of lipases, it fails to address the fundamental issue of lipases' poor solvent tolerance. Hence, the rational design of lipases for enhanced solvent tolerance can significantly boost their industrial performance. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the structural characteristics and properties of lipases in various solvent systems and emphasizes various strategies of protein engineering for non-aqueous media to improve lipases' solvent tolerance. This study provides a theoretical foundation for further enhancing the solvent tolerance and industrial properties of lipases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wenjun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China; (M.C.); (T.J.); (B.N.)
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6
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Liu Y, Huang S, Liu WQ, Ba F, Liu Y, Ling S, Li J. An In Vitro Hybrid Biocatalytic System Enabled by a Combination of Surface-Displayed, Purified, and Cell-Free Expressed Enzymes. ACS Synth Biol 2024; 13:1434-1441. [PMID: 38695987 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.4c00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Enzymatic cascades have become a green and sustainable approach for the synthesis of valuable chemicals and pharmaceuticals. Using sequential enzymes to construct a multienzyme complex is an effective way to enhance the overall performance of biosynthetic routes. Here we report the design of an efficient in vitro hybrid biocatalytic system by assembling three enzymes that can convert styrene to (S)-1-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol. Specifically, we prepared the three enzymes in different ways, which were cell surface-displayed, purified, and cell-free expressed. To assemble them, we fused two orthogonal peptide-protein pairs (i.e., SpyTag/SpyCatcher and SnoopTag/SnoopCatcher) to the three enzymes, allowing their spatial organization by covalent assembly. By doing this, we constructed a multienzyme complex, which could enhance the production of (S)-1-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol by 3 times compared to the free-floating enzyme system without assembly. After optimization of the reaction system, the final product yield reached 234.6 μM with a substrate conversion rate of 46.9% (based on 0.5 mM styrene). Taken together, our strategy integrates the merits of advanced biochemical engineering techniques, including cellular surface display, spatial enzyme organization, and cell-free expression, which offers a new solution for chemical biosynthesis by enzymatic cascade biotransformation. We, therefore, anticipate that our approach will hold great potential for designing and constructing highly efficient systems to synthesize chemicals of agricultural, industrial, and pharmaceutical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Shuhui Huang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Wan-Qiu Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Fang Ba
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yifan Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Shengjie Ling
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jian Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center, Shanghai 201210, China
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7
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Kai Z, Jiaying X, Xuechun L. Enhanced triolein and ethyl ferulate interesterification performance by CRL-AuNPs. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 399:130599. [PMID: 38493938 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
This study established a Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) system to catalyze triolein and ethyl ferulate interesterification. The products were identified, and the binding mode between the substrates and CRL was predicted through molecular docking. Three methods for preparing CRL-AuNPs were proposed and characterized. It was found that the addition of 40 mL of 15 nm gold nanoparticles increased the CRL activity from 3.05 U/mg to 4.75 U/mg, but the hybridization efficiency was only 32.7 %. By using 4 mL of 0.1 mg/mL chloroauric acid, the hybridization efficiency was improved to 50.7 %, but the enzyme activity was sharply decreased. However, when the molar ratio of Mb to HAuCl4 was 0.2, the hybridization efficiency increased to 71.8 %, and the CRL activity was also enhanced to 5.98 U/mg. Under optimal conditions, the enzyme activity of CRL-AuNPs③ was maintained at 95 % after 6 repetitions and 85.6 % after 30 days at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Kai
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150006, China
| | - Xin Jiaying
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; State Key Laboratory of Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lu Xuechun
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; LuDong University, Yantai 264025, China.
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8
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Galaz T, Ottone C, Rodríguez-Núñez K, Bernal C. Evaluation of the operational conditions of the glucose oxidase and catalase multienzymatic system through enzyme co-immobilization on amino hierarchical porous silica. Carbohydr Res 2024; 538:109096. [PMID: 38531187 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Hexaric acids have attracted attention lately because they are platform chemicals for synthesizing pharmaceuticals. In particular, gluconic acid is one of the most studied because it is readily available in nature. In this work, operational conditions like temperature and pH were evaluated for the enzymatic production of gluconic acid. For this purpose, glucose oxidase (GOx) and catalase (CAT) were individually immobilized and co-immobilized using amino-silica as support. The catalytic performance of the enzymes both as separate biocatalysts (GOx or CAT) and as an enzymatic complex (GOx-CAT) was assessed in terms of enzymatic activity and stability at temperatures 45 °C and 50 °C and pH 6 to 8. The results show that CAT is a key enzyme for gluconic acid production as it prevents GOx from being inhibited by H2O2. However, CAT was found to be less stable than GOx. Therefore, different GOx to CAT enzymatic ratios were studied, and a ratio of 1-3 was determined to be the best. The highest glucose conversion conditions were 45 °C and pH 7.0 for 24 h. Regarding the biocatalyst reuse, GOx-CAT retained more than 70% of its activity after 6 reaction cycles. These results contribute to further knowledge and application of oxidases for hexaric acid production and shed greater light on the role of the glucose oxidase/catalase pair in better catalytic performance. Both enzymes were immobilized in one pot, which is relevant for their potential use in industry; an enzyme system was obtained in a single step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Galaz
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Brasil 2085, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Carminna Ottone
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Brasil 2085, Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - Karen Rodríguez-Núñez
- Laboratorio de Catálisis y Biocatálisis, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Serena, Casilla 599, Benavente 980, La Serena, 1720236, Chile
| | - Claudia Bernal
- Laboratorio de Catálisis y Biocatálisis, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Serena, Casilla 599, Benavente 980, La Serena, 1720236, Chile.
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9
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Zhang L, Dai W, Rong S, Schwaneberg U, Xu G, Ni Y. Engineering diaryl alcohol dehydrogenase KpADH reveals importance of retaining hydration shell in organic solvent tolerance. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e4933. [PMID: 38501647 PMCID: PMC10949390 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) are synthetically important biocatalysts for the asymmetric synthesis of chiral alcohols. The catalytic performance of ADHs in the presence of organic solvents is often important since most prochiral ketones are highly hydrophobic. Here, the organic solvent tolerance of KpADH from Kluyveromyces polyspora was semi-rationally evolved. Using tolerant variants obtained, meticulous experiments and computational studies were conducted to explore properties including stability, activity and kinetics in the presence of various organic solvents. Compared with WT, variant V231D exhibited 1.9-fold improvement in ethanol tolerance, while S237G showed a 6-fold increase in catalytic efficiency, a higherT 50 15 $$ {\mathrm{T}}_{50}^{15} $$ , as well as 15% higher tolerance in 7.5% (v/v) ethanol. Based on 3 × 100 ns MD simulations, the increased tolerance of V231D and S237G against ethanol may be ascribed to their enhanced ability in retaining water molecules and repelling ethanol molecules. Moreover, 6.3-fold decreased KM value of V231D toward hydrophilic ketone substrate confirmed its capability of retaining hydration shell. Our results suggest that retaining hydration shell surrounding KpADH is critical for its tolerance to organic solvents, as well as catalytic performance. This study provides useful guidance for engineering organic solvent tolerance of KpADH and other ADHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of EducationSchool of Biotechnology, Jiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
| | - Wei Dai
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of EducationSchool of Biotechnology, Jiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
| | - Shuo Rong
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of EducationSchool of Biotechnology, Jiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
| | | | - Guochao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of EducationSchool of Biotechnology, Jiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
| | - Ye Ni
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of EducationSchool of Biotechnology, Jiangnan UniversityWuxiChina
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10
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Abedi E, Kaveh S, Mohammad Bagher Hashemi S. Structure-based modification of a-amylase by conventional and emerging technologies: Comparative study on the secondary structure, activity, thermal stability and amylolysis efficiency. Food Chem 2024; 437:137903. [PMID: 37931423 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
α-Amylase is an endo-enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch into shorter oligosaccharides. α-Amylase plays a crucial role in various industries. Manipulated α-amylases are of particular interest due to their remarkable amylolysis efficiency and thermostability for large-scale biotechnological processes. The retained catalytic activity of enzymes is decreased according to extreme pH, temperature, pressure, and chemical reagents. Broad industrial applications of α-amylases need special properties such as stability against temperature, pH, and chelators, and also attain reusability, desirable enzymatic activity, efficiency, and selectivity. Considering the biotechnological importance of α-amylase, its high stability is the most critical challenge for its economic viability. Therefore, improving its functionality and stability recently gained much interest. To achieve this purpose, various emerging technologies in combination with conventional methods on α-Amylases with different sources have been conducted. The present review is an attempt to summarize the effect of various conventional methods and emerging technologies employed to date on α-amylase secondary structure, thermal stability, and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Abedi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Fasa University, Fasa, Iran
| | - Shima Kaveh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Fasa University, Fasa, Iran.
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11
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Bharmoria P, Tietze AA, Mondal D, Kang TS, Kumar A, Freire MG. Do Ionic Liquids Exhibit the Required Characteristics to Dissolve, Extract, Stabilize, and Purify Proteins? Past-Present-Future Assessment. Chem Rev 2024; 124:3037-3084. [PMID: 38437627 PMCID: PMC10979405 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Proteins are highly labile molecules, thus requiring the presence of appropriate solvents and excipients in their liquid milieu to keep their stability and biological activity. In this field, ionic liquids (ILs) have gained momentum in the past years, with a relevant number of works reporting their successful use to dissolve, stabilize, extract, and purify proteins. Different approaches in protein-IL systems have been reported, namely, proteins dissolved in (i) neat ILs, (ii) ILs as co-solvents, (iii) ILs as adjuvants, (iv) ILs as surfactants, (v) ILs as phase-forming components of aqueous biphasic systems, and (vi) IL-polymer-protein/peptide conjugates. Herein, we critically analyze the works published to date and provide a comprehensive understanding of the IL-protein interactions affecting the stability, conformational alteration, unfolding, misfolding, and refolding of proteins while providing directions for future studies in view of imminent applications. Overall, it has been found that the stability or purification of proteins by ILs is bispecific and depends on the structure of both the IL and the protein. The most promising IL-protein systems are identified, which is valuable when foreseeing market applications of ILs, e.g., in "protein packaging" and "detergent applications". Future directions and other possibilities of IL-protein systems in light-harvesting and biotechnology/biomedical applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Bharmoria
- CICECO
- Aveiro Institute of Materials, Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Department
of Smart Molecular, Inorganic and Hybrid Materials, Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Wallenberg Centre for Molecular
and Translational Medicine, University of
Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Alesia A. Tietze
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Wallenberg Centre for Molecular
and Translational Medicine, University of
Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Dibyendu Mondal
- CICECO
- Aveiro Institute of Materials, Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Institute
of Plant Genetics (IPG), Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
- Centre
for Nano and Material Sciences, JAIN (Deemed-to-be
University), Jain Global
Campus, Bangalore 562112, India
| | - Tejwant Singh Kang
- Department
of Chemistry, UGC Center for Advance Studies-II,
Guru Nanak Dev University (GNDU), Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Salt
and Marine Chemicals Division, CSIR-Central
Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Mara G Freire
- CICECO
- Aveiro Institute of Materials, Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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12
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Fu C, Hou L, Chen D, Huang T, Yin S, Ding P, Liao Q, Huang X, Xiong Y, Ge J, Li X. Targeted Detoxification of Aflatoxin B 1 in Edible Oil by an Enzyme-Metal Nanoreactor. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:5966-5974. [PMID: 38446589 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Mycotoxin contamination is an important issue for food safety and the environment. Removing mycotoxins from food without losing nutrients and flavor components remains a challenge. In this study, a novel strategy was proposed for the targeted removal of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) from peanut oil using an amphipathic enzyme-metal hybrid nanoreactor (PL-GOx-Fe3O4@COF) constructed with covalent organic frameworks (COFs) which can selectively adsorb AFB1. Due to the confined space provided by COFs and the proximity effect between GOx and Fe3O4, the detoxification of AFB1 is limited in the nanoreactor without affecting the composition and properties of the oil. The detoxification efficiency of AFB1 in the chemoenzymatic cascade reaction catalyzed by PL-GOx-Fe3O4@COF is six times higher than that of the combination of free GOx and Fe3O4. The AFB1 transformation product has nontoxicity to kidney and liver cells. This study provides a powerful tool for the targeted removal of mycotoxins from edible oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caicai Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Lirui Hou
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dingchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Teng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Shutao Yin
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ping Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Qiansui Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xiaolin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yonghua Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jun Ge
- Key Lab for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
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13
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Qiu S, Cui YT, Wang TT, Fan FF, Lyu CJ, Huang J. Stereoselective synthesis of (R)-(+)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethylamine by ω-amine transaminase immobilized on amino modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes and biocatalyst recycling. Enzyme Microb Technol 2024; 174:110378. [PMID: 38134735 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2023.110378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Immobilized enzymes exhibit favorable advantages in biocatalysis, such as high operation stability, feasible reusability, and improved organic solvents tolerance. Herein, an immobilized ω-amine transaminase AtATA@MWCNTs-NH2 is successfully prepared using amino modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes as carrier and glutaraldehyde as crosslinker. Under the optimum immobilization conditions, the activity recovery is 78.7%. Compared with purified enzyme AtATA, AtATA@MWCNTs-NH2 possesses superior stability, even in harsh conditions (e.g., high temperature, acidic or alkali environment, and different kind of organic solvents). To simplify the separation and extraction of products, we choose methanol (10%, v/v) as the cosolvent, replacing DMSO (20%, v/v) in our previous work, for the catalytic reaction of AtATA@MWCNTs-NH2. AtATA@MWCNTs-NH2 can be used for stereoselective synthesis (R)-(+)- 1(1-naphthyl)ethylamine ((R)-NEA) for 15 cycles, with the e.e.p (enantiomeric excess) > 99.5%. The catalytic process of AtATA@MWCNTs-NH2 achieves cycle production of (R)-NEA using methanol as cosolvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical and Biological Processing Technology for Farm Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Agricultural Biological Resources Biochemical Manufacturing, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Yu-Tong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Chemical and Biological Processing Technology for Farm Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Agricultural Biological Resources Biochemical Manufacturing, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Tong-Tong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical and Biological Processing Technology for Farm Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Agricultural Biological Resources Biochemical Manufacturing, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Fang-Fang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical and Biological Processing Technology for Farm Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Agricultural Biological Resources Biochemical Manufacturing, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Chang-Jiang Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical and Biological Processing Technology for Farm Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Agricultural Biological Resources Biochemical Manufacturing, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical and Biological Processing Technology for Farm Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Agricultural Biological Resources Biochemical Manufacturing, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China.
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14
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Valotta A, Stelzer D, Reiter T, Kroutil W, Gruber-Woelfler H. A multistep (semi)-continuous biocatalytic setup for the production of polycaprolactone. REACT CHEM ENG 2024; 9:713-727. [PMID: 38433980 PMCID: PMC10903532 DOI: 10.1039/d3re00536d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Biocatalysis has gained increasing importance as an eco-friendly alternative for the production of bulk and fine chemicals. Within this paradigm, Baeyer Villiger monoxygenases (BVMOs) serve as enzymatic catalysts that provide a safe and sustainable route to the conventional synthesis of lactones, such as caprolactone, which is employed for the production of polycaprolactone (PCL), a biocompatible polymer for medicinal applications. In this work, we present a three-step, semi-continuous production of PCL using an entirely biocatalytic process, highlighting the merits of continuous manufacturing for enhancing biocatalysis. First, caprolactone is produced in batch from cyclohexanol using a coenzymatic cascade involving an alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and BVMO. Different process parameters and aeration modes were explored to optimize the cascade's productivity. Secondly, the continuous extraction of caprolactone into an organic solvent, needed for the polymerization step, was optimized. 3D-printed mixers were applied to enhance the mass transfer between the organic and the aqueous phases. Lastly, we investigated the ring-opening polymerization of caprolactone to PCL catalyzed by Candida antarctica lipase B (CAL-B), with a focus on eco-friendly solvents like cyclopentyl-methyl-ether (CPME). Space-time-yields up to 58.5 g L-1 h-1 were achieved with our overall setup. By optimizing the individual process steps, we present an efficient and sustainable pathway for PCL production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Valotta
- Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology Inffeldgasse 13 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Daniela Stelzer
- Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology Inffeldgasse 13 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Tamara Reiter
- Department of Chemistry, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Department of Chemistry, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Heidrun Gruber-Woelfler
- Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology Inffeldgasse 13 8010 Graz Austria
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15
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Shinde YD, Chowdhury C. Potential utility of bacterial protein nanoreactor for sustainable in-situ biocatalysis in wide range of bioprocess conditions. Enzyme Microb Technol 2024; 173:110354. [PMID: 37988973 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2023.110354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial microcompartments (MCPs) are proteinaceous organelles that natively encapsulates the enzymes, substrates, and cofactors within a protein shell. They optimize the reaction rates by enriching the substrate in the vicinity of enzymes to increase the yields of the product and mitigate the outward diffusion of the toxic or volatile intermediates. The shell protein subunits of MCP shell are selectively permeable and have specialized pores for the selective inward diffusion of substrates and products release. Given their attributes, MCPs have been recently explored as potential candidates as subcellular nano-bioreactor for the enhanced production of industrially important molecules by exercising pathway encapsulation. In the current study, MCPs have been shown to sustain enzyme activity for extended periods, emphasizing their durability against a range of physical challenges such as temperature, pH and organic solvents. The significance of an intact shell in conferring maximum protection is highlighted by analyzing the differences in enzyme activities inside the intact and broken shell. Moreover, a minimal synthetic shell was designed with recruitment of a heterologous enzyme cargo to demonstrate the improved durability of the enzyme. The encapsulated enzyme was shown to be more stable than its free counterpart under the aforementioned conditions. Bacterial MCP-mediated encapsulation can serve as a potential strategy to shield the enzymes used under extreme conditions by maintaining the internal microenvironment and enhancing their cycle life, thereby opening new means for stabilizing, and reutilizing the enzymes in several bioprocess industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashodhara D Shinde
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, MH 411008, India
| | - Chiranjit Chowdhury
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, MH 411008, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, UP 201002, India.
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16
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Hansda B, Mishra S, Ghosh A, Das B, Biswas T, Mondal TK, Srivastava B, Mondal S, Roy D, Mandal B. Chemically Bonded Pepsin via Its Inert Center to Diazo Functionalized Silica Gel through Multipoint Attachment Mode: A Way of Restoring Biocatalytic Sustainability over "Wider pH" Range. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:2146-2164. [PMID: 38240266 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Proteolytic enzymes play a pivotal role in the industry. Still, because of denaturation, the extensive applicability at their level of best catalytic efficiency over a more comprehensive pH range, particularly in alkaline conditions over pH 8, has not been fully developed. On the other hand, enzyme immobilization following a suitable protocol is a long pending issue that determines the conformational stability, specificity, selectivity, enantioselectivity, and activity of the native enzymes at long-range pH. As a bridge between these two findings, in an attempt at a freezing temperature 273-278 K at an alkaline pH, the diazo-functionalized silica gel (SG) surface has been used to rapidly diazo couple pepsin through its inert center, the O-carbon of the phenolic -OH of surface-occupied Tyr residues in a multipoint mode: when all the various protein groups, viz., amino, thiol, phenol, imidazole, carboxy, etc., in the molecular sequence including those belonging to the active sites, remain intact, the inherent inbuilt interactions among themselves remain. Thereby, the macromolecule's global conformation and helicity preserve the status quo. The dimension of the SG-enzyme conjugate confirms as {Si(OSi)4 (H2O)1.03}n {-O-Si(CH3)2-O-C6H4-N═N+}4·{pepsin}·yH2O; where the values of n and y have been determined respectively as 347 and 188. The material performs the catalytic activity much better at 7-8.5 than at pH 2-3.5 and continues for up to six months without any appreciable change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Hansda
- Analytical and Bio-analytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Shailja Mishra
- Analytical and Bio-analytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Ankit Ghosh
- Analytical and Bio-analytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Basudev Das
- Analytical and Bio-analytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Tirtha Biswas
- Analytical and Bio-analytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Tanay K Mondal
- Analytical and Bio-analytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Bhavya Srivastava
- The West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences, Dr. Ambedkar Bhavan, Kolkata 700098, India
| | - Sneha Mondal
- Analytical and Bio-analytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Dipika Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Main Campus 188, Raja S.C. Mallick Rd, Kolkata, West Bengal700032, India
| | - Bhabatosh Mandal
- Analytical and Bio-analytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
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17
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Darji S, Aayush A, Estes KM, Strock JD, Thompson DH. Unravelling the Mechanism of Elastin-like Polypeptide-Enzyme Fusion Stabilization in Organic Solvents. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:272-281. [PMID: 38118170 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Elastin-like polypeptides (ELP) are a class of materials that are widely used as purification tags and in potential therapeutic applications. We have used the hydrophobic nature of ELP to extract them into organic solvents and precipitate them to obtain highly pure materials. Although many different types of ELP have been rapidly purified in this manner, the underlying mechanism for this process and its ability to retain functional proteins within organic phase-rich media has been unclear. A cleavable ELP-Intein construct fused with the enzyme chorismate mutase (ELP-I-Cm2) was used to better understand the organic solvent extraction process for ELP and the factors impacting the retention of enzyme activity. Our extraction studies indicated that a cell lysis step was essential to stabilize the ELP-I-Cm2 in the organic phase, prevent intein cleavage, and extract the fusion protein with high efficiency and retained activity. Circular dichroism and infrared spectroscopic characterization of ELP-I-Cm2 in organic solvents and aqueous solutions of the extracted and precipitated material indicated that the ELP secondary structure was retained in both environments. Atomic force microscopy and negative stain transmission electron microscopy imaging of ELP-I-Cm2 in organic solvents revealed highly regular circular features that were ∼50 nm in diameter, in contrast to larger (>100 nm) irregular features found in aqueous solutions. Since reverse micelles have often been used in catalytic processes, we evaluated the enzymatic activity of the ELP-I-Cm2 reversed micelles in different organic solvent mixtures and found that Cm2-mediated reactions in organic media were of comparable rate and efficiency to those in aqueous media. Based on these findings, we report an exciting new opportunity for ELP-enzyme fusion applications by exploiting their ability to form catalytically active reverse micelles in organic media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saloni Darji
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Aayush Aayush
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Kiera M Estes
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jocie D Strock
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - David H Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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18
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Xu W, Wu Y, Gu W, Du D, Lin Y, Zhu C. Atomic-level design of metalloenzyme-like active pockets in metal-organic frameworks for bioinspired catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:137-162. [PMID: 38018371 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00767g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Natural metalloenzymes with astonishing reaction activity and specificity underpin essential life transformations. Nevertheless, enzymes only operate under mild conditions to keep sophisticated structures active, limiting their potential applications. Artificial metalloenzymes that recapitulate the catalytic activity of enzymes can not only circumvent the enzymatic fragility but also bring versatile functions into practice. Among them, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) featuring diverse and site-isolated metal sites and supramolecular structures have emerged as promising candidates for metalloenzymes to move toward unparalleled properties and behaviour of enzymes. In this review, we systematically summarize the significant advances in MOF-based metalloenzyme mimics with a special emphasis on active pocket engineering at the atomic level, including primary catalytic sites and secondary coordination spheres. Then, the deep understanding of catalytic mechanisms and their advanced applications are discussed. Finally, a perspective on this emerging frontier research is provided to advance bioinspired catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqing Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China.
| | - Wenling Gu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China.
| | - Dan Du
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, 99164, Pullman, USA.
| | - Yuehe Lin
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, 99164, Pullman, USA.
| | - Chengzhou Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China.
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19
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Wang F, Wang H, Kang K, Zhang X, Fraser K, Zhang F, Linhardt RJ. β-Glucosidase on clay minerals: Structure and function in the synthesis of octyl glucoside. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128386. [PMID: 38008140 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
β-Glucosidase is a biological macromolecule that catalyzes the hydrolysis of various glycosides and oligosaccharides. It may also be used to catalyze the synthesis of glycosides under suitable conditions. Carrier-bound β-glucosidase can enhance the enzymatic activity in the synthesis of glycosides in organic solvent solutions, although the molecular mechanism regulating activity is yet unknown. This study investigated the impact of utilizing montmorillonite (Mmt), attapulgite (Attp), and kaolinite (Kao) as carriers on the activity of β-glucosidase from Prunus dulcis (PdBg). When Attp was used as carriers, the molecular dynamic (MD) simulations found the distance between pNPG and the active site residues E183 and E387 was minimally impacted by the adsorptions, hence PdBg maintained about 81.3 ± 0.89 % of its native activity. Out of the three clay minerals, the relative activity of PdBg loaded on Mmt was the lowest because of the highest electrostatic energy. The substrate channel of PdBg on Kao is directed towards the surface, limiting the accessibility of substrates. Secondary structure and conformation studies revealed that the conformational stability of PdBg in solvent solutions was enhanced by coupling to Attp. Unlike dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME), tert-butanol (t-BA) did not penetrate into the active site of PdBg interfering with its binding to the substrate. The maximum yield of n-octyl-β-glucoside (OGP) synthesis catalyzed by Attp-immobilized PdBg reached 48.3 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
| | - Haohao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Kang Kang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Keith Fraser
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
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20
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Khan T, Das N, Negi KS, Bhowmik S, Sen P. Understanding the intricacy of protein in hydrated deep eutectic solvent: Solvation dynamics, conformational fluctuation dynamics, and stability. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127100. [PMID: 37778586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are potential biocatalytic media due to their easy preparation, fine-tuneability, biocompatibility, and most importantly, due to their ability to keep protein stable and active. However, there are many unanswered questions and gaps in our knowledge about how proteins behave in these alternate media. Herein, we investigated solvation dynamics, conformational fluctuation dynamics, and stability of human serum albumin (HSA) in 0.5 Acetamide/0.3 Urea/0.2 Sorbitol (0.5Ac/0.3Ur/0.2Sor) DES of varying concentrations to understand the intricacy of protein behaviour in DES. Our result revealed a gradual decrease in the side-chain flexibility and thermal stability of HSA beyond 30 % DES. On the other hand, the associated water dynamics around domain-I of HSA decelerate only marginally with increasing DES content, although viscosity rises considerably. We propose that even though macroscopic solvent properties are altered, a protein feels only an aqueous type of environment in the presence of DES. This is probably the first experimental study to delineate the role of the associated water structure of the enzyme for maintaining its stability inside DES. Although considerable effort is necessary to generalize such claims, it might serve as the basis for understanding why proteins remain stable and active in DES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208 016, UP, India
| | - Nilimesh Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208 016, UP, India
| | - Kuldeep Singh Negi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208 016, UP, India
| | - Suman Bhowmik
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208 016, UP, India
| | - Pratik Sen
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208 016, UP, India.
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21
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Behshad Y, Pazhang M, Najavand S, Sabzi M. Enhancing Enzyme Stability and Functionality: Covalent Immobilization of Trypsin on Magnetic Gum Arabic Modified Fe 3O 4 Nanoparticles. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12010-023-04830-1. [PMID: 38153653 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04830-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to fabricate gum Arabic (GA)-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles bearing numerous active aldehyde groups on their surface, followed by an assessment of their capability as a magnetic support for the covalent immobilization of the trypsin enzyme for the first time. FT-IR, XRD, TGA, and SEM results demonstrated the successful synthesis of GA-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles, along with the covalent immobilization of the enzyme onto the support. Immobilization enhanced the relative enzymatic activity across a range of aqueous solution pH levels (ranging from 4 to 11) and temperatures (ranging from 20 to 80 °C) without altering the optimum pH and temperature for trypsin activity. Kinetic studies using Michaelis-Menten plots revealed changes in kinetic parameters, including a lower Vmax and higher Km for immobilized trypsin compared to the free enzyme. The immobilization onto magnetic gum Arabic nanoparticles resulted in an improved stability of trypsin in the presence of various solvents, maintaining a stability order comparable to that of the free enzyme due to the stabilizing effect of the support. The reusability results showed that the immobilized enzyme can retain over 93% of its activity for up to 15 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Behshad
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Pazhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Saeed Najavand
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sabzi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, 55181-83111, Iran.
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22
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Wang F, Xu H, Wang M, Yu X, Cui Y, Xu L, Ma A, Ding Z, Huo S, Zou B, Qian J. Application of Immobilized Enzymes in Juice Clarification. Foods 2023; 12:4258. [PMID: 38231709 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Immobilized enzymes are currently being rapidly developed and are widely used in juice clarification. Immobilized enzymes have many advantages, and they show great advantages in juice clarification. The commonly used methods for immobilizing enzymes include adsorption, entrapment, covalent bonding, and cross-linking. Different immobilization methods are adopted for different enzymes to accommodate their different characteristics. This article systematically reviews the methods of enzyme immobilization and the use of immobilized supports in juice clarification. In addition, the mechanisms and effects of clarification with immobilized pectinase, immobilized laccase, and immobilized xylanase in fruit juice are elaborated upon. Furthermore, suggestions and prospects are provided for future studies in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hui Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiaolei Yu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yi Cui
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Ling Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Anzhou Ma
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Zhongyang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shuhao Huo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Bin Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jingya Qian
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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23
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Elias M, Guan X, Hudson D, Bose R, Kwak J, Petrounia I, Touah K, Mansour S, Yue P, Errasti G, Delacroix T, Ghosh A, Chakrabarti R. Evolution of Organic Solvent-Resistant DNA Polymerases. ACS Synth Biol 2023; 12:3170-3188. [PMID: 37611245 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.2c00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of thermostable polymerases revolutionized the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and biotechnology. However, many GC-rich genes cannot be PCR-amplified with high efficiency in water, irrespective of temperature. Although polar organic cosolvents can enhance nucleic acid polymerization and amplification by destabilizing duplex DNA and secondary structures, nature has not selected for the evolution of solvent-tolerant polymerase enzymes. Here, we used ultrahigh-throughput droplet-based selection and deep sequencing along with computational free-energy and binding affinity calculations to evolve Taq polymerase to generate enzymes that are both stable and highly active in the presence of organic cosolvents, resulting in up to 10% solvent resistance and over 100-fold increase in stability at 97.5 °C in the presence of 1,4-butanediol, as well as tolerance to up to 10 times higher concentrations of the potent cosolvents sulfolane and 2-pyrrolidone. Using these polymerases, we successfully amplified a broad spectrum of GC-rich templates containing regions with over 90% GC content, including templates recalcitrant to amplification with existing polymerases, even in the presence of cosolvents. We also demonstrated dramatically reduced GC bias in the amplification of genes with widely varying GC content in quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). By expanding the scope of solvent systems compatible with nucleic acid polymerization, these organic solvent-resistant polymerases enable a dramatic reduction of sequence bias not achievable through thermal resistance alone, with significant implications for a wide range of applications including sequencing and synthetic biology in mixed aqueous-organic media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Elias
- Chakrabarti Advanced Technology, LLC, PMC Group Building, 1288 Route 73, Suite 110, Mount Laurel, New Jersey 08054, United States
| | - Xiangying Guan
- Chakrabarti Advanced Technology, LLC, PMC Group Building, 1288 Route 73, Suite 110, Mount Laurel, New Jersey 08054, United States
| | - Devin Hudson
- Chakrabarti Advanced Technology, LLC, PMC Group Building, 1288 Route 73, Suite 110, Mount Laurel, New Jersey 08054, United States
| | - Rahul Bose
- Chakrabarti Advanced Technology, LLC, PMC Group Building, 1288 Route 73, Suite 110, Mount Laurel, New Jersey 08054, United States
| | - Joon Kwak
- Chakrabarti Advanced Technology, LLC, PMC Group Building, 1288 Route 73, Suite 110, Mount Laurel, New Jersey 08054, United States
| | - Ioanna Petrounia
- Chakrabarti Advanced Technology, LLC, PMC Group Building, 1288 Route 73, Suite 110, Mount Laurel, New Jersey 08054, United States
| | - Kenza Touah
- Center for Protein Engineering & Drug Discovery, PMC Isochem SAS, 32 Rue Lavoisier, Vert-Le-Petit 91710, France
| | - Sourour Mansour
- Center for Protein Engineering & Drug Discovery, PMC Isochem SAS, 32 Rue Lavoisier, Vert-Le-Petit 91710, France
| | - Peng Yue
- Chakrabarti Advanced Technology, LLC, PMC Group Building, 1288 Route 73, Suite 110, Mount Laurel, New Jersey 08054, United States
| | - Gauthier Errasti
- Center for Protein Engineering & Drug Discovery, PMC Isochem SAS, 32 Rue Lavoisier, Vert-Le-Petit 91710, France
| | - Thomas Delacroix
- Center for Protein Engineering & Drug Discovery, PMC Isochem SAS, 32 Rue Lavoisier, Vert-Le-Petit 91710, France
| | - Anisha Ghosh
- Chakrabarti Advanced Technology, LLC, PMC Group Building, 1288 Route 73, Suite 110, Mount Laurel, New Jersey 08054, United States
- McGill University, 845 Rue Sherbrooke Ouest, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Raj Chakrabarti
- Chakrabarti Advanced Technology, LLC, PMC Group Building, 1288 Route 73, Suite 110, Mount Laurel, New Jersey 08054, United States
- Center for Protein Engineering & Drug Discovery, PMC Isochem SAS, 32 Rue Lavoisier, Vert-Le-Petit 91710, France
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24
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Markus B, C GC, Andreas K, Arkadij K, Stefan L, Gustav O, Elina S, Radka S. Accelerating Biocatalysis Discovery with Machine Learning: A Paradigm Shift in Enzyme Engineering, Discovery, and Design. ACS Catal 2023; 13:14454-14469. [PMID: 37942268 PMCID: PMC10629211 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c03417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Emerging computational tools promise to revolutionize protein engineering for biocatalytic applications and accelerate the development timelines previously needed to optimize an enzyme to its more efficient variant. For over a decade, the benefits of predictive algorithms have helped scientists and engineers navigate the complexity of functional protein sequence space. More recently, spurred by dramatic advances in underlying computational tools, the promise of faster, cheaper, and more accurate enzyme identification, characterization, and engineering has catapulted terms such as artificial intelligence and machine learning to the must-have vocabulary in the field. This Perspective aims to showcase the current status of applications in pharmaceutical industry and also to discuss and celebrate the innovative approaches in protein science by highlighting their potential in selected recent developments and offering thoughts on future opportunities for biocatalysis. It also critically assesses the technology's limitations, unanswered questions, and unmet challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braun Markus
- Department
of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12/2, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Gruber Christian C
- Enzyme
and Drug Discovery, Innophore. 1700 Montgomery Street, San Francisco, California 94111, United States
| | - Krassnigg Andreas
- Enzyme
and Drug Discovery, Innophore. 1700 Montgomery Street, San Francisco, California 94111, United States
| | - Kummer Arkadij
- Moderna,
Inc., 200 Technology
Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Lutz Stefan
- Codexis
Inc., 200 Penobscot Drive, Redwood City, California 94063, United States
| | - Oberdorfer Gustav
- Department
of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12/2, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Siirola Elina
- Novartis
Institute for Biomedical Research, Global Discovery Chemistry, Basel CH-4108, Switzerland
| | - Snajdrova Radka
- Novartis
Institute for Biomedical Research, Global Discovery Chemistry, Basel CH-4108, Switzerland
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25
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Zhao Y, Zhang L, Zhang S, Zheng X, Zheng M, Liu J. Maleic anhydride-modified xylanase and its application to the clarification of fruits juices. Food Chem X 2023; 19:100830. [PMID: 37780259 PMCID: PMC10534184 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
At presently, the catalytic activity of xylanase is sub-optimal, and the required reaction conditions are harsh. To improve its catalytic activity and stability, xylanase (XY) was chemically modified with maleic anhydride (MA). The enzymatic properties of this maleic anhydride-modified xylanase (MA-XY) were then evaluated and analyzed spectroscopically. The results showed that the thermal stability, use of organic solvents, storage stability and the pH range of 3.0 to 9.0 for MA-XY were better than that for XY alone. The kinetic parameters of the enzyme (Km values) decreased from 40.63 to 30.23 mg/mL. Spectroscopic analysis showed that XY had been modified by the acylation reaction to become a tertiary structure. An assay based on clarifying fruit juices showed that the clarification capacity and reducing sugar content using MA-XY increased compared with those using XY. Overall, this study provides a theoretical basis for improving the application of XY in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Luyue Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Xing Zheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Mingzhu Zheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Jingsheng Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
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26
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Chan KK, Sundaram V, Tan J, Ho YK, Ramanan RN, Ooi CW. Enhanced activity of Candida antarctica lipase B in cholinium aminoate ionic liquids: a combined experimental and computational analysis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-15. [PMID: 37787564 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2262590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
As a class of ionic liquids with higher biocompatibility, cholinium aminoates ([Cho][AA]) hold potential as solvation media for enzymatic bioprocessing. Herein, solvation effect of [Cho][AA] on structural stability and enzymatic activity of Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) was evaluated using experimental and computational approaches. Influence of [Cho][AA] on CALB stability was investigated using amino acid anions ([AA]-) with varying hydrophobicity levels. Choline phenylalaninate ([Cho][Phe]) resulted in 109.1% and 110.4% of relative CALB activity to buffer medium at 25 °C and 50 °C, respectively. Simulation results revealed the improvement of CALB's enzymatic activities by [AA]- with a strong hydrophobic character. Shielding of CALB from water molecules by [AA]- was observed. The level of CALB activity was governed by accumulation level of [AA]- at CALB's first hydration layer. The stronger interaction between His224 and Asp187 was postulated to be driven by [Cho][AA], resulting in the activity enhancement of CALB. The slight improvement of CALB activity in 0.05 M [Cho][Phe] at 50 °C could be due to the larger size of entrance to the catalytic site and the stronger interaction between the catalytic residues. The promising effect of [Cho][Phe] on CALB activation may stimulate research efforts in designing a 'fully green' bioreaction for various industrial applications.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kam Khong Chan
- Chemical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Vidya Sundaram
- Chemical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
- Biological Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Jully Tan
- Chemical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yong Kuen Ho
- Chemical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ramakrishnan Nagasundara Ramanan
- Chemical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chien Wei Ooi
- Chemical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
- Advanced Engineering Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
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27
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Wang CN, Qiu S, Fan FF, Lyu CJ, Hu S, Zhao WR, Mei JQ, Mei LH, Huang J. Enhancing the organic solvent resistance of ω-amine transaminase for enantioselective synthesis of (R)-(+)-1(1-naphthyl)-ethylamine. Biotechnol J 2023; 18:e2300120. [PMID: 37337619 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biocatalysis in high-concentration organic solvents has been applied to produce various industrial products with many advantages. However, using enzymes in organic solvents often suffers from inactivation or decreased catalytic activity and stability. An R-selective ω-amine transaminase from Aspergillus terreus (AtATA) exhibited activity toward 1-acetylnaphthalene. However, AtATA displayed unsatisfactory organic solvent resistance, which is required to enhance the solubility of the hydrophobic substrate 1-acetylnaphthalene. So, improving the tolerance of enzymes in organic solvents is essential. MAIN METHODS AND RESULTS The method of regional random mutation combined with combinatorial mutation was used to improve the resistance of AtATA in organic solvents. Enzyme surface areas are structural elements that undergo reversible conformational transitions, thus affecting the stability of the enzyme in organic solvents. Herein, three surface areas containing three loops were selected as potential mutation regions. And the "best" mutant T23I/T200K/P260S (M3) was acquired. In different concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), the catalytic efficiency (kcat /Km ) toward 1-acetylnaphthalene and the stability (half-life t1/2 ) were higher than the wild-type (WT) of AtATA. The results of decreased Root Mean Square Fluctuation (RMSF) values via 20-ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulations under 15%, 25%, 35%, and 45% DMSO revealed that mutant M3 had lower flexibility, acquiring a more stable protein structure and contributing to its organic solvents stability than WT. Furthermore, M3 was applied to convert 1-acetylnaphthalene for synthesizing (R)-(+)-1(1-naphthyl)-ethylamine ((R)-NEA), which was an intermediate of Cinacalcet Hydrochloride for the treatment of secondary hyperthyroidism and hypercalcemia. Moreover, in a 20-mL scale-up experiment, 10 mM 1-acetylnaphthalene can be converted to (R)-NEA with 85.2% yield and a strict R-stereoselectivity (enantiomeric excess (e.e.) value >99.5%) within 10 h under 25% DMSO. CONCLUSION The beneficial mutation sites were identified to tailor AtATA's organic solvents stability via regional random mutation. The "best" mutant T23I/T200K/P260S (M3) holds great potential application for the synthesis of (R)-NEA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical and Biological Processing Technology for Farm Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Agricultural Biological Resources Biochemical Manufacturing, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical and Biological Processing Technology for Farm Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Agricultural Biological Resources Biochemical Manufacturing, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang-Fang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical and Biological Processing Technology for Farm Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Agricultural Biological Resources Biochemical Manufacturing, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chang-Jiang Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical and Biological Processing Technology for Farm Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Agricultural Biological Resources Biochemical Manufacturing, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Hu
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo Tech University, Ningbo, China
| | - Wei-Rui Zhao
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo Tech University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jia-Qi Mei
- Hangzhou Huadong Medicine Group Co. Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Le-He Mei
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo Tech University, Ningbo, China
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Jinhua Advanced Research Institute, Jinhua, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical and Biological Processing Technology for Farm Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Agricultural Biological Resources Biochemical Manufacturing, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
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28
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Jung J, Liu H, Borg AJE, Nidetzky B. Solvent Engineering for Nonpolar Substrate Glycosylation Catalyzed by the UDP-Glucose-Dependent Glycosyltransferase UGT71E5: Intensification of the Synthesis of 15-Hydroxy Cinmethylin β-d-Glucoside. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:13419-13429. [PMID: 37655961 PMCID: PMC10510383 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Sugar nucleotide-dependent glycosyltransferases are powerful catalysts of the glycosylation of natural products and xenobiotics. The low solubility of the aglycone substrate often limits the synthetic efficiency of the transformation catalyzed. Here, we explored different approaches of solvent engineering for reaction intensification of β-glycosylation of 15HCM (a C15-hydroxylated, plant detoxification metabolite of the herbicide cinmethylin) catalyzed by safflower UGT71E5 using UDP-glucose as the donor substrate. Use of a cosolvent (DMSO, ethanol, and acetonitrile; ≤50 vol %) or a water-immiscible solvent (n-dodecane, n-heptane, n-hexane, and 1-hexene) was ineffective due to enzyme activity and stability, both impaired ≥10-fold compared to a pure aqueous solvent. Complexation in 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin enabled dissolution of 50 mM 15HCM while retaining the UGT71E5 activity (∼0.32 U/mg) and stability. Using UDP-glucose recycling, 15HCM was converted completely, and 15HCM β-d-glucoside was isolated in 90% yield (∼150 mg). Collectively, this study highlights the requirement for a mild, enzyme-compatible strategy for aglycone solubility enhancement in glycosyltransferase catalysis applied to glycoside synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Jung
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Hui Liu
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Annika J. E. Borg
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria
- Austrian
Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Bernd Nidetzky
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria
- Austrian
Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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29
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Sahlin J, Wu C, Buscemi A, Schärer C, Nazemi SA, S K R, Herrera-Reinoza N, Jung TA, Shahgaldian P. Nanobiocatalysts with inbuilt cofactor recycling for oxidoreductase catalysis in organic solvents. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:5036-5044. [PMID: 37705789 PMCID: PMC10496889 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00413a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The major stumbling block in the implementation of oxidoreductase enzymes in continuous processes is their stark dependence on costly cofactors that are insoluble in organic solvents. We describe a chemical strategy that allows producing nanobiocatalysts, based on an oxidoreductase enzyme, that performs biocatalytic reactions in hydrophobic organic solvents without external cofactors. The chemical design relies on the use of a silica-based carrier nanoparticle, of which the porosity can be exploited to create an aqueous reservoir containing the cofactor. The nanoparticle core, possessing radial-centred pore channels, serves as a cofactor reservoir. It is further covered with a layer of reduced porosity. This layer serves as a support for the immobilisation of the selected enzyme yet allowing the diffusion of the cofactor from the nanoparticle core. The immobilised enzyme is, in turn, shielded by an organosilica layer of controlled thickness fully covering the enzyme. Such produced nanobiocatalysts are shown to catalyse the reduction of a series of relevant ketones into the corresponding secondary alcohols, also in a continuous flow fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Sahlin
- Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Science, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland Hofackerstrasse 30 Muttenz CH-4132 Switzerland
| | - Congyu Wu
- Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Science, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland Hofackerstrasse 30 Muttenz CH-4132 Switzerland
| | - Andrea Buscemi
- Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Science, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland Hofackerstrasse 30 Muttenz CH-4132 Switzerland
| | - Claude Schärer
- Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Science, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland Hofackerstrasse 30 Muttenz CH-4132 Switzerland
| | - Seyed Amirabbas Nazemi
- Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Science, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland Hofackerstrasse 30 Muttenz CH-4132 Switzerland
| | - Rejaul S K
- Institute of Physics, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 82 Basel CH-4056 Switzerland
| | - Nataly Herrera-Reinoza
- Laboratory for X-ray Nanoscience and Technologies, Paul Scherrer Institute Forschungsstrasse 111 Villigen CH-5232 Switzerland
| | - Thomas A Jung
- Institute of Physics, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 82 Basel CH-4056 Switzerland
- Laboratory for X-ray Nanoscience and Technologies, Paul Scherrer Institute Forschungsstrasse 111 Villigen CH-5232 Switzerland
| | - Patrick Shahgaldian
- Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Science, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland Hofackerstrasse 30 Muttenz CH-4132 Switzerland
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute Klingelbergstrasse 82 Basel CH-4056 Switzerland
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30
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Romero EO, Saucedo AT, Hernández-Meléndez JR, Yang D, Chakrabarty S, Narayan ARH. Enabling Broader Adoption of Biocatalysis in Organic Chemistry. JACS AU 2023; 3:2073-2085. [PMID: 37654599 PMCID: PMC10466347 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Biocatalysis is becoming an increasingly impactful method in contemporary synthetic chemistry for target molecule synthesis. The selectivity imparted by enzymes has been leveraged to complete previously intractable chemical transformations and improve synthetic routes toward complex molecules. However, the implementation of biocatalysis in mainstream organic chemistry has been gradual to this point. This is partly due to a set of historical and technological barriers that have prevented chemists from using biocatalysis as a synthetic tool with utility that parallels alternative modes of catalysis. In this Perspective, we discuss these barriers and how they have hindered the adoption of enzyme catalysts into synthetic strategies. We also summarize tools and resources that already enable organic chemists to use biocatalysts. Furthermore, we discuss ways to further lower the barriers for the adoption of biocatalysis by the broader synthetic organic chemistry community through the dissemination of resources, demystifying biocatalytic reactions, and increasing collaboration across the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan O. Romero
- Life Sciences Institute & Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Anthony T. Saucedo
- Life Sciences Institute & Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - José R. Hernández-Meléndez
- Life Sciences Institute & Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Di Yang
- Life Sciences Institute & Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Suman Chakrabarty
- Life Sciences Institute & Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Alison R. H. Narayan
- Life Sciences Institute & Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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31
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Hess K, Bessler S, Schneider JM, von Ramin M. Abstraction and simulation of EV battery systems-resilience engineering by biological transformation. BIOINSPIRATION & BIOMIMETICS 2023; 18:056003. [PMID: 37467754 DOI: 10.1088/1748-3190/ace8da] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
While the demand for electric vehicles (EVs) is continuously growing, safety issues still remain, specifically related to fire hazards. This research aims to improve the resilience of battery systems in EVs by transferring concepts found in biology to a bioinspired battery system. Due to the complexity of modern battery systems, the biological concepts cannot be applied directly. A simplified simulation battery system for EVs is modelled, which contains the essential battery components necessary to understand both, software and battery dynamics. This is used as a baseline model to study the effects of typical heat-related disturbances. Subsequently, this simulation model is modified to demonstrate the transfer of biological concepts underlying specifically the hypersensitization and vasospasm mechanisms related to wound healing, and to test the effects of disturbances and alterations comparable to damages caused by vehicle accidents. As a battery system's mass and volume should not be increased by additional hardware, the biological concepts target the interaction within, and the composition of, the system, while leaving single components relatively unchanged. It is found that small bioinspired alterations to the battery system can have significant impacts on their vulnerability to common hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Hess
- Fraunhofer Institute for High-Speed Dynamics, Ernst-Mach-Institut, EMI, Am Klingelberg 1, 79588 Efringen-Kirchen, Germany
| | - Simon Bessler
- Fraunhofer Institute for High-Speed Dynamics, Ernst-Mach-Institut, EMI, Am Klingelberg 1, 79588 Efringen-Kirchen, Germany
| | - Johannes M Schneider
- Fraunhofer Institute for High-Speed Dynamics, Ernst-Mach-Institut, EMI, Am Klingelberg 1, 79588 Efringen-Kirchen, Germany
| | - Malte von Ramin
- Fraunhofer Institute for High-Speed Dynamics, Ernst-Mach-Institut, EMI, Am Klingelberg 1, 79588 Efringen-Kirchen, Germany
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Godase VP, Kumar VR, Kumar AR. Potential of Y. lipolytica epoxide hydrolase for efficient production of enantiopure (R)-1,2-octanediol. AMB Express 2023; 13:77. [PMID: 37495892 PMCID: PMC10371975 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-023-01584-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The recombinant Yleh from a tropical marine yeast Yarrowia lipolytica NCIM 3589 exhibited a high epoxide hydrolase activity of 9.34 ± 1.80 µmol min-1 mg-1 protein towards 1,2-epoxyoctane (EO), at pH 8.0 and 30 °C. The reaction product was identified as 1,2-Octanediol (OD) by GC-MS using EO and H2O18 as substrate, affirming the functionality of Yleh as an epoxide hydrolase. For EO, the Km, Vmax, and kcat/Km values were 0.43 ± 0.017 mM, 0.042 ± 0.003 mM min-1, and 467.17 ± 39.43 mM-1 min-1, respectively. To optimize the reaction conditions for conversion of racemic EO by Yleh catalyst to enantiopure (R)-1,2-octanediol, initially, Response Surface Methodology was employed. Under optimized reaction conditions of 15 mM EO, 150 µg purified Yleh at 30 °C a maximal diol production of 7.11 mM was attained in a short span of 65 min with a yield of 47.4%. Green technology using deep eutectic solvents for the hydrophobic substrate (EO) were tested as co-solvents in Yleh catalyzed EO hydrolysis. Choline chloride-Glycerol, produced 9.08 mM OD with an increased OD yield of 60.5%. Thus, results showed that deep eutectic solvents could be a promising solvent for Yleh-catalyzed reactions making Yleh a potential biocatalyst for the biosynthesis of enantiopure synthons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijaya P Godase
- Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology (Formerly Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology), Savitribai Phule Pune University, 411007, Pune, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Shivaji University, 416004, Kolhapur, India
| | - V Ravi Kumar
- Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division, National Chemical Laboratory, 411008, Pune, India
| | - Ameeta Ravi Kumar
- Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology (Formerly Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology), Savitribai Phule Pune University, 411007, Pune, India.
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Sha F, Xie H, Son FA, Kim KS, Gong W, Su S, Ma K, Wang X, Wang X, Farha OK. Rationally Tailored Mesoporous Hosts for Optimal Protein Encapsulation. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37463331 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Proteins play important roles in the therapeutic, medical diagnostic, and chemical catalysis industries. However, their potential is often limited by their fragile and dynamic nature outside cellular environments. The encapsulation of proteins in solid materials has been widely pursued as a route to enhance their stability and ease of handling. Nevertheless, the experimental investigation of protein interactions with rationally designed synthetic hosts still represents an area in need of improvement. In this work, we leveraged the tunability and crystallinity of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and developed a series of crystallographically defined protein hosts with varying chemical properties. Through systematic studies, we identified the dominating mechanisms for protein encapsulation and developed a host material with well-tailored properties to effectively encapsulate the protein ubiquitin. Specifically, in our mesoporous hosts, we found that ubiquitin encapsulation is thermodynamically favored. A more hydrophilic encapsulation environment with favorable electrostatic interactions induces enthalpically favored ubiquitin-MOF interactions, and a higher pH condition reduces the intraparticle diffusion barrier, both leading to a higher protein loading. Our findings provide a fundamental understanding of host-guest interactions between proteins and solid matrices and offer new insights to guide the design of future protein host materials to achieve optimal protein loading. The MOF modification technique used in this work also demonstrates a facile method to develop materials easily customizable for encapsulating proteins with different surface properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanrui Sha
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Haomiao Xie
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Florencia A Son
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kevin S Kim
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Wei Gong
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shengyi Su
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kaikai Ma
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xingjie Wang
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Omar K Farha
- International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Lu Y, Song Y, Peng L, Rao X, Tan KB, Zhou SF, Zhan G. Construction of Immobilized Enzymes with Yeast and Metal-Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Biocatalytic Activities. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37437263 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have become promising host materials for enzyme immobilization and protection. Herein, ZIF-8 nanocubes were successfully self-assembled onto yeast as a biological template to obtain hybrid Y@ZIF-8. The size, morphology, and loading efficiency of ZIF-8 nanoparticles assembled on yeast templates can be well-regulated by adjusting the various synthetic parameters. Particularly, the amount of water significantly affected the particle size of ZIF-8 assembled on yeast. Through using a cross-linking agent, the relative enzyme activity of Y@ZIF-8@t-CAT could be greatly enhanced and remained the highest even after seven consecutive cycles, with improved cycling stability, as compared to that of Y@ZIF-8@CAT. In addition to the effect of the physicochemical properties of Y@ZIF-8 on the loading efficiency, the temperature tolerance, pH tolerance, and storage stability of Y@ZIF-8@t-CAT were also systematically investigated. Importantly, the catalytic activity of free catalase was decreased to 72% by 45 days, while the activity of the immobilized catalase remained above 99%, suggesting good storage stability. The present work demonstrates that yeast-templated ZIF-8 nanoparticles have a high potential to be used as biocompatible immobilization materials and are promising candidates for the preparation of effective biocatalysts in biomedicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Lu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Integrated Nanocatalysts Institute (INCI), Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Avenue, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. China
| | - Yibo Song
- College of Chemical Engineering, Integrated Nanocatalysts Institute (INCI), Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Avenue, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. China
| | - Lingling Peng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Integrated Nanocatalysts Institute (INCI), Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Avenue, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Rao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Integrated Nanocatalysts Institute (INCI), Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Avenue, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. China
| | - Kok Bing Tan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Integrated Nanocatalysts Institute (INCI), Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Avenue, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Feng Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Integrated Nanocatalysts Institute (INCI), Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Avenue, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. China
| | - Guowu Zhan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Integrated Nanocatalysts Institute (INCI), Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Avenue, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. China
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Kumar Mahato A, Pal S, Dey K, Reja A, Paul S, Shelke A, Ajithkumar TG, Das D, Banerjee R. Covalent Organic Framework Cladding on Peptide-Amphiphile-Based Biomimetic Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37267597 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Peptide-based biomimetic catalysts are promising materials for efficient catalytic activity in various biochemical transformations. However, their lack of operational stability and fragile nature in non-aqueous media limit their practical applications. In this study, we have developed a cladding technique to stabilize biomimetic catalysts within porous covalent organic framework (COF) scaffolds. This methodology allows for the homogeneous distribution of peptide nanotubes inside the COF (TpAzo and TpDPP) backbone, creating strong noncovalent interactions that prevent leaching. We synthesized two different peptide-amphiphiles, C10FFVK and C10FFVR, with lysine (K) and arginine (R) at the C-termini, respectively, which formed nanotubular morphologies. The C10FFVK peptide-amphiphile nanotubes exhibit enzyme-like behavior and efficiently catalyze C-C bond cleavage in a buffer medium (pH 7.5). We produced nanotubular structures of TpAzo-C10FFVK and TpDPP-C10FFVK through COF cladding by using interfacial crystallization (IC). The peptide nanotubes encased in the COF catalyze C-C bond cleavage in a buffer medium as well as in different organic solvents (such as acetonitrile, acetone, and dichloromethane). The TpAzo-C10FFVK catalyst, being heterogeneous, is easily recoverable, enabling the reaction to be performed for multiple cycles. Additionally, the synthesis of TpAzo-C10FFVK thin films facilitates catalysis in flow. As control, we synthesized another peptide-amphiphile, C10FFVR, which also forms tubular assemblies. By depositing TpAzo COF crystallites on C10FFVR nanotubes through IC, we produced TpAzo-C10FFVR nanotubular structures that expectedly did not show catalysis, suggesting the critical role of the lysines in the TpAzo-C10FFVK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar Mahato
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Sumit Pal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Kaushik Dey
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Antara Reja
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Satyadip Paul
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Ankita Shelke
- Central NMR Facility and Physical/Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
| | - Thalasseril G Ajithkumar
- Central NMR Facility and Physical/Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
| | - Dibyendu Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Rahul Banerjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
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Rodríguez-Núñez K, López-Gallego F, Martínez R, Bernal C. Immobilized biocatalyst engineering: Biocatalytic tool to obtain attractive enzymes for industry. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:125075. [PMID: 37230450 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Biocatalysis can improve current bioprocesses by identifying or improving enzymes that withstand harsh and unnatural operating conditions. Immobilized Biocatalyst Engineering (IBE) is a novel strategy integrating protein engineering and enzyme immobilization as a single workflow. Using IBE, it is possible to obtain immobilized biocatalysts whose soluble performance would not be selected. In this work, Bacillus subtilis lipase A (BSLA) variants obtained through IBE were characterized as soluble and immobilized biocatalysts, and how the interactions with the support affect their structure and catalytic performance were analyzed using intrinsic protein fluorescence. Variant P5G3 (Asn89Asp, Gln121Arg) showed a 2.6-fold increased residual activity after incubation at 76 °C compared to immobilized wild-type (wt) BSLA. On the other hand, variant P6C2 (Val149Ile) showed 4.4 times higher activity after incubation in 75 % isopropyl alcohol (36 °C) compared to Wt_BSLA. Furthermore, we studied the advancement of the IBE platform by performing synthesis and immobilizing the BSLA variants using a cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) approach. The observed differences in immobilization performance, high temperature, and solvent resistance between the in vivo-produced variants and Wt_BSLA were confirmed for the in vitro synthesized enzymes. These results open the door for designing strategies integrating IBE and CFPS to generate and screen improved immobilized enzymes from genetic diversity libraries. Furthermore, it was confirmed that IBE is a platform that can be used to obtain improved biocatalysts, especially those with an unremarkable performance as soluble biocatalysts, which wouldn't be selected for immobilization and further development for specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Rodríguez-Núñez
- Laboratorio de Tecnología de Enzimas para Bioprocesos, Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Universidad de La Serena, Av. Raúl Bitrán 1305, 1720010 La Serena, Chile.
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE) - Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Paséo Miramón, 194, Donostia-San Sebastián 20014, Spain; KERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, Bilbao, 48013, Spain
| | - Ronny Martínez
- Laboratorio de Tecnología de Enzimas para Bioprocesos, Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Universidad de La Serena, Av. Raúl Bitrán 1305, 1720010 La Serena, Chile
| | - Claudia Bernal
- Laboratorio de Tecnología de Enzimas para Bioprocesos, Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Universidad de La Serena, Av. Raúl Bitrán 1305, 1720010 La Serena, Chile; Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Serena, Benavente 980, 1720010 La Serena, Chile
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37
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Zheng N, Gao L, Long M, Zhang Z, Zhu C, Lv X, Zhou Q, Xia X. Isothermal Compressibility Perturbation as a Protein Design Principle for T1 Lipase Stability-Activity Trade-Off Counteracting. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:6681-6690. [PMID: 37083407 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Given the widely existing stability-activity trade-off in enzyme evolution, it is still a goal to obtain enzymes embracing both high activity and stability. Herein, we employed an isothermal compressibility (βT) perturbation engineering (ICPE) strategy to comprehensively understand the stability-activity seesaw-like mechanism. The stability and activity of mutants derived from ICPE uncovered a high Pearson correlation (r = 0.93) in a prototypical enzyme T1 lipase. The best variant A186L/L188M/A190Y exhibited a high Tm value up to 78.70 °C, catalytic activity of 474.04 U/mg, and a 73.33% increase in dimethyl sulfoxide resistance compared to the wild type, one of the highest comprehensive performances reported to date. The elastic activation mechanism mediated by conformational change with a ΔβT range of -6.81 × 10-6 to -1.90 × 10-6 bar-1 may account for the balancing of stability and activity to achieve better performing enzymes. The ICPE strategy deepens our understanding of stability-activity trade-off and boosts its applications in enzyme engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Mengfei Long
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Zehua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Cailin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xiang Lv
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Qingtong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaole Xia
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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Milčić N, Švaco P, Sudar M, Tang L, Findrik Blažević Z, Majerić Elenkov M. Impact of organic solvents on the catalytic performance of halohydrin dehalogenase. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:2351-2361. [PMID: 36881116 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12450-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Biocatalytic transformations in organic synthesis often require the use of organic solvents to improve substrate solubility and promote the product formation. Halohydrin dehalogenases (HHDHs) are enzymes that catalyze the formation and conversion of epoxides, important synthetic class of compounds that are often sparingly soluble in water and prone to hydrolysis. In this study, the activity, stability, and enantioselectivity of HHDH from Agrobacterium radiobacter AD1 (HheC) in form of cell-free extract were evaluated in various aqueous-organic media. A correlation was discovered between the enzyme activity in the ring-closure reaction and logP of the solvent. Knowledge of such a relationship makes biocatalysis with organic solvents more predictable, which may reduce the need to experiment with a variety of solvents in the future. The results revealed a high enzyme compatibility with hydrophobic solvents (e.g., n-heptane) in terms of activity and stability. Regarding the HHDH applicability in an organic medium, inhibitions by a number of solvents (e.g., THF, toluene, chloroform) proved to be a more challenging problem than the protein stability, especially in the ring-opening reaction, thus suggesting which solvents should be avoided. In addition, solvent tolerance of the thermostable variant ISM-4 was also evaluated, revealing increased stability and to a lesser extent enantioselectivity compared to the wild-type. This is the first time such a systematic analysis has been reported, giving insight into the behavior of HHDHs in nonconventional media and opening new opportunities for the future biocatalytic applications. KEY POINTS: • HheC performs better in the presence of hydrophobic than hydrophilic solvents. • Enzyme activity in the PNSHH ring-closure reaction is a function of the logP. • Thermostability of ISM-4 variant is accompanied by superior solvent tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevena Milčić
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Savska c, 16, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Petra Švaco
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c, 54, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Martina Sudar
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Savska c, 16, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lixia Tang
- University of Electronic Science and Technology, No. 4, Section 2, North Jianshe Road, Chengdu, China
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Kikani B, Patel R, Thumar J, Bhatt H, Rathore DS, Koladiya GA, Singh SP. Solvent tolerant enzymes in extremophiles: Adaptations and applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 238:124051. [PMID: 36933597 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Non-aqueous enzymology has always drawn attention due to the wide range of unique possibilities in biocatalysis. In general, the enzymes do not or insignificantly catalyze substrate in the presence of solvents. This is due to the interfering interactions of the solvents between enzyme and water molecules at the interface. Therefore, information about solvent-stable enzymes is scarce. Yet, solvent-stable enzymes prove quite valuable in the present day biotechnology. The enzymatic hydrolysis of the substrates in solvents synthesizes commercially valuable products, such as peptides, esters, and other transesterification products. Extremophiles, the most valuable yet not extensively explored candidates, can be an excellent source to investigate this avenue. Due to inherent structural attributes, many extremozymes can catalyze and maintain stability in organic solvents. In the present review, we aim to consolidate information about the solvent-stable enzymes from various extremophilic microorganisms. Further, it would be interesting to learn about the mechanism adapted by these microorganisms to sustain solvent stress. Various approaches to protein engineering are used to enhance catalytic flexibility and stability and broaden biocatalysis's prospects under non-aqueous conditions. It also describes strategies to achieve optimal immobilization with minimum inhibition of the catalysis. The proposed review would significantly aid our understanding of non-aqueous enzymology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavtosh Kikani
- Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India; Department of Biological Sciences, P.D. Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa 388 421, Gujarat, India
| | - Rajesh Patel
- Department of Biosciences, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat 395 007, Gujarat, India
| | - Jignasha Thumar
- Government Science College, Gandhinagar 382 016, Gujarat, India
| | - Hitarth Bhatt
- Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Atmiya University, Rajkot 360005, Gujarat, India
| | - Dalip Singh Rathore
- Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India; Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre, Gandhinagar 382 010, Gujarat, India
| | - Gopi A Koladiya
- Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India
| | - Satya P Singh
- Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India.
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40
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Dudkaitė V, Kairys V, Bagdžiūnas G. Understanding the activity of glucose oxidase after exposure to organic solvents. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:2409-2416. [PMID: 36806466 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02605h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Long-term stability of enzymes in organic solvents is one of the most challenging problems in modern biotechnology and chemical industries. However, the resistance of enzymes to organic solvents is not very well understood so far. Herein, the effects of apolar, chlorinated, and polar organic solvents on the activity and structure of glucose oxidase from Aspergillus niger were systemically investigated using spectrophotometric activity assay of this enzyme and absorption and chiroptical spectroscopy. Molecular dynamics simulations and correlation of the activity with properties of the organic solvents were employed to understand the effects of organic solvents on the enzyme. The experimental and theoretical results showed that apolar solvents reduce the enzyme activity because they facilitate its aggregation through inter-enzymatic salt bridges. Moreover, polar solvents strongly coordinate with amino acid residues in the glucose binding pocket and prevent binding of the substrates. We found that this enzyme is stable in pure apolar and chlorinated solvents and these solvents can be used for the functionalization of its residues. This work provides an in depth understanding at the molecular level of the impact of various pure organic solvents on the structure and dynamics of glucose oxidase and the regulation of its catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vygailė Dudkaitė
- Group of Supramolecular Analysis, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Centre, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio av. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Visvaldas Kairys
- Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Centre, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio av. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Gintautas Bagdžiūnas
- Group of Supramolecular Analysis, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Centre, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio av. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania.
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Lu T, Fu C, Xiong Y, Zeng Z, Fan Y, Dai X, Huang X, Ge J, Li X. Biodegradation of Aflatoxin B 1 in Peanut Oil by an Amphipathic Laccase-Inorganic Hybrid Nanoflower. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:3876-3884. [PMID: 36791339 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contamination is an important issue for the safety of edible oils. Enzymatic degradation is a promising approach for removing mycotoxins in a specific, efficient, and green manner. However, enzymatic degradation of mycotoxins in edible oil is challenging as a result of the low activity and stability of the enzyme. Herein, a novel strategy was proposed to degrade AFB1 in peanut oil using an amphipathic laccase-inorganic hybrid nanoflower (Lac NF-P) as a biocatalyst. Owing to the improved microenvironment of the enzymatic reaction and the enhanced stability of the enzyme structure, the proposed amphipathic Lac NF-P showed 134- and 3.2-fold increases in the degradation efficiency of AFB1 in comparison to laccase and Lac NF, respectively. AFB1 was removed to less than 0.96 μg/kg within 3 h when using Lac NF-P as a catalyst in the peanut oil, with the AFB1 concentration ranging from 50 to 150 μg/kg. Moreover, the quality of the peanut oil had no obvious change, and no leakage of catalyst was observed after the treatment of Lac NF-P. In other words, our study may open an avenue for the development of a novel biocatalyst for the detoxification of mycotoxins in edible oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianying Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Caicai Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghua Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheling Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunkai Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ge
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
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42
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do Amaral LFM, Pilissão C, Krieger N, Wypych F. Pseudomonas cepacia lipase immobilized on Zn 2Al layered double hydroxides: Evaluation of different methods of immobilization for the kinetic resolution of ( R,S)-1-phenylethanol. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2023.2181047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristiane Pilissão
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Nadia Krieger
- Postgraduate Program in Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Fernando Wypych
- Postgraduate Program in Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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43
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Santiago-Arcos J, Velasco-Lozano S, López-Gallego F. Multienzyme Coimmobilization on Triheterofunctional Supports. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:929-942. [PMID: 36649203 PMCID: PMC10018741 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Immobilized multienzyme systems are gaining momentum in applied biocatalysis; however, the coimmobilization of several enzymes on one carrier is still challenging. In this work, we exploited a heterofunctional support activated with three different chemical functionalities to immobilize a wide variety of different enzymes. This support is based on agarose microbeads activated with aldehyde, amino, and cobalt chelate moieties that allow a fast and irreversible immobilization of enzymes, enhancing the thermostability of most of the heterogeneous biocatalysts (up to 21-fold higher than the soluble one). Furthermore, this trifunctional support serves to efficiently coimmobilize a multienzyme system composed of an alcohol dehydrogenase, a reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) oxidase, and a catalase. The confined multienzymatic system demonstrates higher performance than its free counterpart, achieving a total turnover number (TTN) of 1 × 105 during five batch consecutive cycles. We envision this solid material as a platform for coimmobilizing multienzyme systems with enhanced properties to catalyze stepwise biotransformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Santiago-Arcos
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Edificio Empresarial "C", Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009 Donostia, Spain
| | - Susana Velasco-Lozano
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Edificio Empresarial "C", Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009 Donostia, Spain.,Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH-CSIC), Universidad de Zaragoza, C/ Pedro Cerbuna, 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.,Aragonese Foundation for Research and Development (ARAID), 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Edificio Empresarial "C", Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009 Donostia, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
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44
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Li SF, Cheng F, Wang YJ, Zheng YG. Strategies for tailoring pH performances of glycoside hydrolases. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2023; 43:121-141. [PMID: 34865578 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.2004084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Glycoside hydrolases (GHs) exhibit high activity and stability under harsh conditions, such as high temperatures and extreme pHs, given their wide use in industrial biotechnology. However, strategies for improving the acidophilic and alkalophilic adaptations of GHs are poorly summarized due to the complexity of the mechanisms of these adaptations. This review not only highlights the adaptation mechanisms of acidophilic and alkalophilic GHs under extreme pH conditions, but also summarizes the recent advances in engineering the pH performances of GHs with a focus on four strategies of protein engineering, enzyme immobilization, chemical modification, and medium engineering (additives). The examples described here summarize the methods used in modulating the pH performances of GHs and indicate that methods integrated in different protein engineering techniques or methods are efficient to generate industrial biocatalysts with the desired pH performance and other adapted enzyme properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Fang Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Feng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Guo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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Eslami-Farsani R, Farhadian S, Shareghi B, Momeni L. molecular interaction of ethylene glycol to hurt Myoglobin: Insights from spectroscopic and molecular modeling studies. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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46
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China H, Ogino H. Effect of attaching hydrophilic oligopeptides to the C-terminus of organic solvent-tolerant metal-free bromoperoxidase BPO-A1 from Streptomyces aureofaciens on organic solvent-stability. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 640:142-149. [PMID: 36508927 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metal-free bromoperoxidase BPO-A1 from Streptomyces aureofacience was selected among several similar enzymes exhibiting brominating activity as the most stable haloperoxidase against 70%(v/v) methanol. A comparison of the BPO-A1 and octahistidine-tagged BPO-A1 at the C-terminus (BPO-A1-His8) revealed that the His-tag enhanced the organic solvent-stability of BPO-A1 with pH- and heat-stabilities. Additionally, the contribution of the hydrophilicity at the C-terminal of BPO-A1 to the organic solvent-stability was confirmed employing several mutants bearing hydrophilic oligopeptides. Fortunately, two excellent mutants, BPO-A1-Lys8 and BPO-A1-Arg8, with high stabilities against various water-miscible organic solvents were obtained. In conclusion, the enhancing effect of the hydrophilic oligopeptides on the organic solvent-stability was associated with a decrease in the hydrophobic surface area near the C-terminus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyasu China
- Department of Medical Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266, Tamuracho Nagahama-shi, Shiga, 526-0829, Japan.
| | - Hiroyasu Ogino
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan.
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Qiao J, Yang D, Feng Y, Wei W, Liu X, Zhang Y, Zheng J, Ying X. Engineering a Bacillus subtilis esterase for selective hydrolysis of d, l-menthyl acetate in an organic solvent-free system †. RSC Adv 2023; 13:10468-10475. [PMID: 37021103 PMCID: PMC10068921 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00490b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Esterase/lipase-catalyzed selective hydrolysis of d, l-menthyl esters has become one of the promising approaches for producing l-menthol, one of the most important flavoring chemicals with extensive uses. However, the activity and l-enantioselectivity of the biocatalyst are not sufficient for meeting the industrial requirements. Herein, a highly active para-nitrobenzyl esterase from Bacillus subtilis 168 (pnbA-BS) was cloned and then engineered to enhance its l-enantioselectivity. On the basis of the strategy tailoring the steric exclusion effect and structural flexibility of the region adjacent to the substrate, the substitution of Ala400 to Pro caused a remarkable improvement in the E value from 1.0 to 466.6. The variant A400P was purified and further confirmed with strict l-enantioselectivity in the selective hydrolysis of d, l-menthyl acetate, whereas the improved l-enantioselectivity caused decreased activity. To develop an efficient, easy-to-use, and green methodology, organic solvent was omitted and substrate constant feeding was integrated into the whole-cell catalyzed system. During the catalytic process, the selective hydrolysis of 1.0 M d, l-menthyl acetate in 14 h offered a conversion of 48.9%, e.e.p value of >99%, and space-time yield of 160.52 g (l d)−1. Esterase/lipase-catalyzed selective hydrolysis of d, l-menthyl esters has become one of the promising approaches for producing l-menthol, one of the most important flavoring chemicals with extensive uses.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China
| | - Duxia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China
| | - Yingting Feng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China
| | - Wan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China
| | - Xun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China
| | - Yinjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China
| | - Jianyong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China
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48
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Immobilization of horseradish peroxidase on hierarchically porous magnetic metal-organic frameworks for visual detection and efficient degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol in simulated wastewater. Biochem Eng J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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49
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Wu S, Wu Y, Sun B, Zhang P, Tang K. Experimental and optimization for kinetic resolution of 1-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol enantiomers by lipase-catalyzed transesterification in organic phase. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-022-02339-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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50
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Wang Y, Zhao Q, Haag R, Wu C. Biocatalytic Synthesis Using Self-Assembled Polymeric Nano- and Microreactors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202213974. [PMID: 36260531 PMCID: PMC10100074 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202213974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Biocatalysis is increasingly being explored for the sustainable development of green industry. Though enzymes show great industrial potential with their high efficiency, specificity, and selectivity, they suffer from poor usability and stability under abiological conditions. To solve these problems, researchers have fabricated nano- and micro-sized biocatalytic reactors based on the self-assembly of various polymers, leading to highly stable, functional, and reusable biocatalytic systems. This Review highlights recent progress in self-assembled polymeric nano- and microreactors for biocatalytic synthesis, including polymersomes, reverse micelles, polymer emulsions, Pickering emulsions, and static emulsions. We categorize these reactors into monophasic and biphasic systems and discuss their structural characteristics and latest successes with representative examples. We also consider the challenges and potential solutions associated with the future development of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangxin Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu Road(S) 30, 211816, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Qingcai Zhao
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Changzhu Wu
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense, Denmark.,Danish Institute for Advanced Study, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense, Denmark
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