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Lynn A, Elsey-Quirk T. Salt Water Exposure Exacerbates the Negative Response of Phragmites australis Haplotypes to Sea-Level Rise. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:906. [PMID: 38592938 PMCID: PMC10974843 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The response of coastal wetlands to sea-level rise (SLR) largely depends on the tolerance of individual plant species to inundation stress and, in brackish and freshwater wetlands, exposure to higher salinities. Phragmites australis is a cosmopolitan wetland reed that grows in saline to freshwater marshes. P. australis has many genetically distinct haplotypes, some of which are invasive and the focus of considerable research and management. However, the relative response of P. australis haplotypes to SLR is not well known, despite the importance of predicting future distribution changes and understanding its role in marsh response and resilience to SLR. Here, we use a marsh organ experiment to test how factors associated with sea level rise-inundation and seawater exposure-affect the porewater chemistry and growth response of three P. australis haplotypes along the northern Gulf of Mexico coast. We planted three P. australis lineages (Delta, European, and Gulf) into marsh organs at five different elevations in channels at two locations, representing a low (Mississippi River Birdsfoot delta; 0-13 ppt) and high exposure to salinity (Mermentau basin; 6-18 ppt) for two growing seasons. Haplotypes responded differently to flooding and site conditions; the Delta haplotype was more resilient to high salinity, while the Gulf type was less susceptible to flood stress in the freshwater site. Survivorship across haplotypes after two growing seasons was 42% lower at the brackish site than at the freshwater site, associated with high salinity and sulfide concentrations. Flooding greater than 19% of the time led to lower survival across both sites linked to high concentrations of acetic acid in the porewater. Increased flood duration was negatively correlated with live aboveground biomass in the high-salinity site (χ2 = 10.37, p = 0.001), while no such relationship was detected in the low-salinity site, indicating that flood tolerance is greater under freshwater conditions. These results show that the vulnerability of all haplotypes of P. australis to rising sea levels depends on exposure to saline water and that a combination of flooding and salinity may help control invasive haplotypes.
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Li P, Li S, Yuan D, Lin K. On-site and high-resolution spectrophotometric measurement of total dissolved sulfide in natural waters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 863:160919. [PMID: 36529398 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Reliable high-resolution data is essential for understanding the aquatic sulfur biogeochemical processes. However, the accurate quantification of total dissolved sulfide (TDS) remains challenging due to its low concentration and vulnerability to oxidation. Furthermore, the frequency and the spatial coverage of TDS measurements are constrained by the cost of the laboratory analysis. In this study, an automated portable system was developed for on-site real-time measurement of trace TDS in natural waters. This system was based on the classic methylene blue (MB) spectrophotometric assay combined with on-line solid phase extraction (SPE) and flow injection analysis (FIA). A commercially available weak-cation-exchange cartridge was used as the SPE sorbent. Experimental parameters affecting the performance of the proposed system were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, linear calibration range of 0.02-2.50 μmol L-1 was obtained with a sample loading volume of 5.0 mL and a sample throughput of 12 h-1. The limit of detection could be lowered to 0.003 μmol L-1 by pre-concentrating 10.0 mL sample. The precision, determined as the relative standard deviation (RSD), was <2.75 % (n = 11) and the recoveries from spiked samples ranged from 54.4 % to 97.5 % with RSDs of 1.1-2.3 % (n = 3). Furthermore, the FIA-SPE-MB system was successfully deployed in the Taihu Lake for continuous 48 h monitoring of variations in TDS, demonstrating the applicability of this system for on-site TDS measurement in natural waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Xiamen 361102, PR China; College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Songtao Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Xiamen 361102, PR China; College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Dongxing Yuan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Xiamen 361102, PR China; College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Kunde Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Xiamen 361102, PR China; College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China.
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Li P, Yuan D, Huang Y, Lin K. Improving the measurement of total dissolved sulfide in natural waters: A new on-site flow injection analysis method. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 829:154594. [PMID: 35307437 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Total dissolved sulfide (TDS) plays multiple important roles in the aquatic environments. However, the determination of trace levels of TDS in natural waters is challenging because TDS is vulnerable to oxidation and volatilization. In this study, a fully automated flow injection analysis spectrophotometric system, incorporating a hollow fiber membrane contactor (HFMC) and a long path length liquid waveguide capillary cell, was fabricated to facilitate the on-site measurement of trace TDS in natural waters. The HFMC was used for matrix separation and analyte preconcentration. The measurement was based on the reaction of sulfide and N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine in the presence of FeCl3 under acidic conditions to yield methylene blue (MB). The proposed method was highly sensitive, with detection and quantification limits of 0.57 and 1.90 nmol L-1, respectively. The linear working range was from 1.90 to 150 nmol L-1, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9995. The repeatability, expressed as the relative standard deviation, was less than 0.86% (n = 15) and the recoveries varied from 76.2 ± 0.1% to 103.9 ± 0.6% (n = 3) for spiked samples. This method was applied to conduct a field analysis of TDS in a reservoir, giving results aligned with those obtained using a standard MB method. This work demonstrates that the new method for determining TDS was effective for both laboratory analysis and on-site measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Xiamen 361102, PR China; College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Dongxing Yuan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Xiamen 361102, PR China; College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Yongming Huang
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Kunde Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Xiamen 361102, PR China; College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China.
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4
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Yang M, Liu CQ, Li XD, Ding S, Cui G, Teng HH, Lv H, Wang Y, Zhang X, Guan T. Carbon‑sulfur coupling in a seasonally hypoxic, high-sulfate reservoir in SW China: Evidence from stable CS isotopes and sulfate-reducing bacteria. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 828:154537. [PMID: 35292324 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic input of sulfate (SO42-) in reservoirs may enhance bacterial sulfate reduction (BSR) under seasonally hypoxic conditions in the water column. However, factors that control BSR and its coupling to organic carbon (OC) mineralization in seasonally hypoxic reservoirs remain unclear. The present study elucidates the coupling processes by analyzing the concentrations and isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and sulfur (SO42-, sulfide) species, and the microbial community in water of the Aha reservoir, SW China, which has high SO42- concentration due to the inputs from acid mine drainage about twenty years ago. The water column at two sites in July and October revealed significant thermal stratification. In the hypoxic bottom water, the δ13C-DIC decreased while the δ34S-SO42- increased, implying organic carbon mineralization due to BSR. The magnitude of S isotope fractionation (Δ34S, obtained from δ34Ssulfate-δ34Ssulfide) during the process of BSR fell in the range of 3.4‰ to 27.0‰ in July and 21.6‰ to 31.8‰ in October, suggesting a change in the community of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). The relatively low water column stability in October compared to that in July weakened the difference of water chemistry and ultimately affected the SRB diversity. The production of DIC (ΔDIC) scaled a strong positive relationship with the Δ34S in July (p < 0.01), indicating that high OC availability favored the survival of incomplete oxidizers of SRB. However, in October, Δ13C-DIC was correlated with the Δ34S in the bottom hypoxic water (p < 0.01), implying that newly degraded OC depleted in 13C could favor the dominance of complete oxidizers of SRB which caused greater S isotope fractionation. Moreover, the sulfide supplied by BSR might stimulate the reductive dissolution of Fe and Mn oxides (Fe(O)OH and MnO2). The present study helps to understand the coupling of C and S in seasonally hypoxic reservoirs characterized by high SO42- concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Yang
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Cong-Qiang Liu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Earth's Critical Zone Science and Sustainable Development in Bohai Rim, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Li
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Earth's Critical Zone Science and Sustainable Development in Bohai Rim, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Shiyuan Ding
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Gaoyang Cui
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Hui Henry Teng
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Hong Lv
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yiyao Wang
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xuecheng Zhang
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Tianhao Guan
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Myszkowska J, Derevenkov I, Makarov SV, Spiekerkoetter U, Hannibal L. Biosynthesis, Quantification and Genetic Diseases of the Smallest Signaling Thiol Metabolite: Hydrogen Sulfide. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071065. [PMID: 34356298 PMCID: PMC8301176 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gasotransmitter and the smallest signaling thiol metabolite with important roles in human health. The turnover of H2S in humans is mainly governed by enzymes of sulfur amino acid metabolism and also by the microbiome. As is the case with other small signaling molecules, disease-promoting effects of H2S largely depend on its concentration and compartmentalization. Genetic defects that impair the biogenesis and catabolism of H2S have been described; however, a gap in knowledge remains concerning physiological steady-state concentrations of H2S and their direct clinical implications. The small size and considerable reactivity of H2S renders its quantification in biological samples an experimental challenge. A compilation of methods currently employed to quantify H2S in biological specimens is provided in this review. Substantial discrepancy exists in the concentrations of H2S determined by different techniques. Available methodologies permit end-point measurement of H2S concentration, yet no definitive protocol exists for the continuous, real-time measurement of H2S produced by its enzymatic sources. We present a summary of available animal models, monogenic diseases that impair H2S metabolism in humans including structure-function relationships of pathogenic mutations, and discuss possible approaches to overcome current limitations of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Myszkowska
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Ilia Derevenkov
- Department of Food Chemistry, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, 153000 Ivanovo, Russia; (I.D.); (S.V.M.)
| | - Sergei V. Makarov
- Department of Food Chemistry, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, 153000 Ivanovo, Russia; (I.D.); (S.V.M.)
| | - Ute Spiekerkoetter
- Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Luciana Hannibal
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;
- Correspondence:
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Li P, Yuan D, Lin K. Determination of nanomolar dissolved sulfides in water by coupling the classical methylene blue method with surface-enhanced Raman scattering detection. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 248:119162. [PMID: 33221138 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we proposed a novel method for the determination of nanomolar dissolved sulfides, including H2S, HS-, and S2- (defined as S(-II)) in water by coupling the classical methylene blue (MB) method with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection. Overall, the following analytical procedures were employed: i) precipitation of S(-II) as zinc sulfide, ii) centrifugation to collect zinc sulfide, iii) derivatization of S(-II) to MB by the reaction with N, N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine in the presence of FeCl3 under acidic conditions, and iv) SERS detection. Parameters affecting the derivatization and SERS detection were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, a linear range of 12.3 nmol/L-200 nmol/L for S(-II) was obtained with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.99. Limits of detection and quantification of the developed method were estimated to be 3.7 nmol/L and 12.3 nmol/L, respectively. In addition, the proposed method demonstrated excellent tolerance to coexisting substances, such as NO2-, NO3-, SO32-, and other common ions. The proposed method demonstrates immense promise for the determination of nanomolar S(-II) in surface waters and wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Dongxing Yuan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Kunde Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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Leal VG, Batista AD, Petruci JFDS. 3D-printed and fully portable fluorescent-based platform for sulfide determination in waters combining vapor generation extraction and digital images treatment. Talanta 2021; 222:121558. [PMID: 33167256 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The determination of sulfide anion in a variety of waters (e.g. wastewaters and natural waters) even at low concentration (i.e. in the μM range) is essential due to its high toxicity, corrosivity and unpleasant smelling proprieties. Despite several methodologies are dedicated to aqueous sulfide determination, most of them need sampling/transport steps - which is no adequate to sulfide due to its reactivity and instability - resulting in critical analytical bias. In this study, we present a fully modular and portable 3D-printed platform for in-situ aqueous sulfide determination. The analytical device is based on H2S vapor generation from the sulfide sample solution by addition of H3PO4 followed by collection in a miniaturized cuvette (μCuvette) containing few microliters of Fluorescein Mercury Acetate (FMA), a fluorescent dye. The chemical reaction results in fluorescence quenching of the dye at 530 nm when excited at 470 nm. A light-emitted diode (LED) emitting at 470 nm and powered with 9 V-battery based circuitry was employed to provide stable excitation light source at 20 mA. Digital images from the light emitted by FMA were captured by a smartphone and the Green channel intensity was used as analytical signal. Under optimized conditions, a linear relation (r2 > 0.99) from 0.1 to 5 μM of sulfide was obtained using 10 mL of standard/sample solution. The portable platform was applied to the in-situ monitoring of sulfide in tap water and river water with no loss of analyte, no need for external power supplies or powered pumps. and the analysis results were obtained in 20 min. The proposed device shows advantages in terms of high degree of portability, low-power consumption, easiness to use, minimal use of reagents yet enabling on-site determination of sulfide with high sensitivity. By using the vapor generation approach combined with the modular building blocks concept presented herein for the first time, we anticipate the development of a tailored "plug-and-play" platform enabling the multiplexed determination of volatile substances using absorbance, reflectance or fluorescence measurements with smartphones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanderli Garcia Leal
- Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Institute of Chemistry, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
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Ma B, Fernandez-Martinez A, Wang K, Madé B, Hénocq P, Tisserand D, Bureau S, Charlet L. Selenite Sorption on Hydrated CEM-V/A Cement in the Presence of Steel Corrosion Products: Redox vs Nonredox Sorption. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:2344-2352. [PMID: 31971374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b06876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Reinforced cementitious structures in nuclear waste repositories will act as barriers that limit the mobility of radionuclides (RNs) in case of eventual leakage. CEM-V/A cement, a ternary blended cement with blast furnace slag (BFS) and fly ash (FA), could be qualified and used in nuclear waste disposal. Chemical interactions between the cement and RNs are critical but not completely understood. Here, we combined wet chemistry methods, synchrotron-based X-ray techniques, and thermodynamic modeling to explore redox interactions and nonredox sorption processes in simulated steel-reinforced CEM-V/A hydration systems using selenite as a molecular probe. Among all of the steel corrosion products analyzed, only the addition of Fe0 can obviously enhance the reducing ability of cement toward selenite. In comparison, steel corrosion products showed stronger reducing power in the absence of cement hydrates. Selenium K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) revealed that selenite immobilization mechanisms included nonredox inner-/outer-sphere complexations and reductive precipitations of FeSe and/or Se(0). Importantly, the hydrated pristine cement showed a good reducing ability, driven by ferrous phases and (bi)sulfides (as shown by sulfur K-edge XAS) originated from BFS and FA. The overall redox potential imposed by hydrated CEM-V/A was determined, hinting to a redox shift in underground cementitious structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ma
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IRD, IFSTTAR, ISTerre , 38000 Grenoble , France
- Laboratory for Concrete & Construction Chemistry , Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa) , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
| | | | - Kaifeng Wang
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IRD, IFSTTAR, ISTerre , 38000 Grenoble , France
- Decommissioning Engineering Technology Center , China Institute of Atomic Energy , 102413 Beijing , China
| | - Benoît Madé
- Andra , 1/7 rue Jean Monnet, Parc de la Croix Blanche , 92298 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex , France
| | - Pierre Hénocq
- Andra , 1/7 rue Jean Monnet, Parc de la Croix Blanche , 92298 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex , France
| | - Delphine Tisserand
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IRD, IFSTTAR, ISTerre , 38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Sarah Bureau
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IRD, IFSTTAR, ISTerre , 38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Laurent Charlet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IRD, IFSTTAR, ISTerre , 38000 Grenoble , France
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9
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Fast Determination of the Main Reduced Sulfur Species in Aquatic Systems by a Direct and Second-Derivative Spectrophotometric Method. J CHEM-NY 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/1039487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The determination of reduced sulfur species in aquatic systems is not an easy and fast task to accomplish regarding the numerous possible interferences and risks of oxidation that occur with the usual methods of quantification. The method presented here is a direct spectrophotometric method that can be used to quantify sulfides, sulfites, and thiosulfates in a simple and rapid way. The principle is based on the comparison of second-derivative absorbance spectra of the same sample at different pH (9.2, 4.7, and 1.0) and selected absorption wavelengths (250 and 278 nm). This method has been successfully tested and has demonstrated liability to (i) avoid the biases due to absorbance overlaps between the different major chemical species and (ii) keep, as a direct method, the advantages over indirect methods on interferences reduction. The limits of detections (LOD) reached for total sulfide, sulfite, and thiosulfate are 1.37, 7.32, and 1.92 µM, respectively. The method displays low accuracy mean and low relative standard deviation (<4%) as well as a good linearity (R2 > 0.999). Accordingly, this method represents a very robust alternative in terms of cost and rapidity for the quantification of reduced sulfur species in different aquatic environments, from freshwaters to saline and polluted systems.
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Guria UN, Maiti K, Ali SS, Samanta SK, Mandal D, Sarkar R, Datta P, Ghosh AK, Mahapatra AK. Reaction-based bi-signaling chemodosimeter probe for selective detection of hydrogen sulfide and cellular studies. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj04632d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A new quinoline-indolium-based chemical probe (DPQI) was synthesized and characterized for selective detection of hydrogen sulphide (H2S).
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Affiliation(s)
- Uday Narayan Guria
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
- Howrah-711103
- India
| | - Kalipada Maiti
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
- Howrah-711103
- India
| | - Syed Samim Ali
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
- Howrah-711103
- India
| | - Sandip Kumar Samanta
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
- Howrah-711103
- India
| | - Debasish Mandal
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology
- Patiala
- India
| | - Ripon Sarkar
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
- Shibpur
- India
| | - Pallab Datta
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
- Shibpur
- India
| | | | - Ajit Kumar Mahapatra
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
- Howrah-711103
- India
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11
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Wang P, Benoit G. Modeling the biogeochemical role of photosynthetic sulfur bacteria in phosphorus cycling in a managed eutrophic lake. Ecol Modell 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2017.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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12
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Planer-Friedrich B, Härtig C, Lohmayer R, Suess E, McCann SH, Oremland R. Anaerobic Chemolithotrophic Growth of the Haloalkaliphilic Bacterium Strain MLMS-1 by Disproportionation of Monothioarsenate. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:6554-6563. [PMID: 25941832 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel chemolithotrophic metabolism based on a mixed arsenic-sulfur species has been discovered for the anaerobic deltaproteobacterium, strain MLMS-1, a haloalkaliphile isolated from Mono Lake, California, U.S. Strain MLMS-1 is the first reported obligate arsenate-respiring chemoautotroph which grows by coupling arsenate reduction to arsenite with the oxidation of sulfide to sulfate. In that pathway the formation of a mixed arsenic-sulfur species was reported. That species was assumed to be monothioarsenite ([H2As(III)S(-II)O2](-)), formed as an intermediate by abiotic reaction of arsenite with sulfide. We now report that this species is monothioarsenate ([HAs(V)S(-II)O3](2-)) as revealed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Monothioarsenate forms by abiotic reaction of arsenite with zerovalent sulfur. Monothioarsenate is kinetically stable under a wide range of pH and redox conditions. However, it was metabolized rapidly by strain MLMS-1 when incubated with arsenate. Incubations using monothioarsenate confirmed that strain MLMS-1 was able to grow (μ = 0.017 h(-1)) on this substrate via a disproportionation reaction by oxidizing the thio-group-sulfur (S(-II)) to zerovalent sulfur or sulfate while concurrently reducing the central arsenic atom (As(V)) to arsenite. Monothioarsenate disproportionation could be widespread in nature beyond the already studied arsenic and sulfide rich hot springs and soda lakes where it was discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Planer-Friedrich
- †Department of Environmental Geochemistry, Bayreuth Center for Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - C Härtig
- †Department of Environmental Geochemistry, Bayreuth Center for Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - R Lohmayer
- †Department of Environmental Geochemistry, Bayreuth Center for Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - E Suess
- ‡Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
- §Department of Water Resources and Drinking Water, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (EAWAG), 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - S H McCann
- ∥U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, California, United States
| | - R Oremland
- ∥U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, California, United States
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13
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Small JM, Hintelmann H. Sulfide and mercury species profiles in two Ontario boreal shield lakes. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 111:96-102. [PMID: 24997905 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The cycling of sulfur in freshwater environments plays an important role in the cycling of metals. In this study, acid volatile sulfides were measured at nanomolar levels using a purge-and-trap preconcentration, followed by methylene blue derivatization with HPLC separation and UV-Vis detection. The limit of detection using the preconcentration step was 7.5ngL(-1) or 0.23nM sulfide. Profiles of sulfide and methylmercury were generated for two Ontario lakes. Sulfide concentrations were inversely related to dissolved oxygen concentrations and significant levels of anoxia had developed in both lakes. In both Plastic Lake and Lake 658, mercury concentrations also increased below the oxycline. Lake 658 showed a strong positive correlation between sulfide and methylmercury (CMeHg=2×10(-6)⋅Csulfide+0.198; r=0.96, p=1.2×10(-5)), at the time of sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff M Small
- Trent University, Department of Chemistry, 1600 West Bank Dr., Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada.
| | - Holger Hintelmann
- Trent University, Department of Chemistry, 1600 West Bank Dr., Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada.
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14
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Wan M, Shchukarev A, Lohmayer R, Planer-Friedrich B, Peiffer S. Occurrence of surface polysulfides during the interaction between ferric (hydr)oxides and aqueous sulfide. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:5076-5084. [PMID: 24735157 DOI: 10.1021/es405612f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Polysulfides are often referred to as key reactants in the sulfur cycle, especially during the interaction of ferric (hydr)oxides and sulfide, forming ferrous-sulphide minerals. Despite their potential relevance, the extent of polysulfide formation and its relevance for product formation pathways remains enigmatic. We applied cryogenic X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and wet chemical analysis to study sulfur oxidation products during the reaction of goethite and lepidocrocite with aqueous sulfide at different initial Fe/S molar ratios under anoxic conditions at neutral pH. The higher reactivity of lepidocrocite leads to faster and higher electron turnover compared to goethite. We were able to demonstrate for the first time the occurrence of surface-associated polysulfides being the main oxidation products in the presence of both minerals, with a predominance of disulfide (S2(2-)(surf)), and elemental sulfur. Concentrations of aqueous polysulfide species were negligible (<1%). With prior sulfide fixation by zinc acetate, the surface-associated polysulfides could be precipitated as zerovalent sulfur (S°), which was extracted by methanol thereafter. Of the generated S°, 20-34% were associated with S2(2-)(surf). Varying the Fe/S ratio revealed that surface polysulfide formation only becomes dominant when the remaining aqueous sulfide concentration is low (<0.03 mmol L(-1)). We hypothesize these novel surface sulfur species, particularly surface disulfide, to act as pyrite precursors. We further propose that these species play an overlooked role in the sulfur cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moli Wan
- BayCEER, Department of Hydrology, University of Bayreuth , D-95440, Bayreuth, Germany
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15
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Khan MR, Khan MA, Alothman ZA, Alsohaimi IH, Naushad M, Al-Shaalan NH. Quantitative determination of methylene blue in environmental samples by solid-phase extraction and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: a green approach. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra03504f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Industrial effluents with dyes may have appreciably high chemical oxygen demand and suspended solids, posing adverse effects to both humans and aquatic life; therefore, quantitative monitoring of these effluents is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rizwan Khan
- Advanced Materials Research Chair
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Moonis Ali Khan
- Advanced Materials Research Chair
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeid Abdullah Alothman
- Advanced Materials Research Chair
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Hotan Alsohaimi
- Advanced Materials Research Chair
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mu Naushad
- Advanced Materials Research Chair
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora H. Al-Shaalan
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Princess Nora Bint Abdul Rahman University
- Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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16
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Behra R, Sigg L, Clift MJD, Herzog F, Minghetti M, Johnston B, Petri-Fink A, Rothen-Rutishauser B. Bioavailability of silver nanoparticles and ions: from a chemical and biochemical perspective. J R Soc Interface 2013; 10:20130396. [PMID: 23883950 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2013.0396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to their antimicrobial properties, silver nanoparticles (NPs) are the most commonly used engineered nanomaterial for use in a wide array of consumer and medical applications. Many discussions are currently ongoing as to whether or not exposure of silver NPs to the ecosystem (i.e. plants and animals) may be conceived as harmful or not. Metallic silver, if released into the environment, can undergo chemical and biochemical conversion which strongly influence its availability towards any biological system. During this process, in the presence of moisture, silver can be oxidized resulting in the release of silver ions. To date, it is still debatable as to whether any biological impact of nanosized silver is relative to either its size, or to its ionic constitution. The aim of this review therefore is to provide a comprehensive, interdisciplinary overview--for biologists, chemists, toxicologists as well as physicists--regarding the production of silver NPs, its (as well as in their ionic form) chemical and biochemical behaviours towards/within a multitude of relative and realistic biological environments and also how such interactions may be correlated across a plethora of different biological organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Behra
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Environmental Toxicology, PO Box 611, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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17
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Nagy P, Pálinkás Z, Nagy A, Budai B, Tóth I, Vasas A. Chemical aspects of hydrogen sulfide measurements in physiological samples. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1840:876-91. [PMID: 23769856 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Owing to recent discoveries of many hydrogen sulfide-mediated physiological processes, sulfide biology is in the focus of scientific research. However, the promiscuous chemical properties of sulfide pose complications for biological studies, which led to accumulation of controversial observations in the literature. SCOPE OF REVIEW We intend to provide an overview of fundamental thermodynamic and kinetic features of sulfide redox- and coordination-chemical reactions and protonation equilibria in relation to its biological functions. In light of these chemical properties we review the strengths and limitations of the most commonly used sulfide detection methods and recently developed fluorescent probes. We also give a personal perspective on blood and tissue sulfide measurements based on proposed biomolecule-sulfide interactions and point out important chemical aspects of handling sulfide reagent solutions. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS The diverse chemistries of sulfide detection methods resulted in orders of magnitude differences in measured physiological sulfide levels. Investigations that were aimed to dissect the underlying molecular reasons responsible for these controversies made the important recognition that there are large sulfide reserves in biological systems. These sulfide pools are tightly regulated in a dynamic manner and they are likely to play a major role in regulation of endogenous-sulfide-mediated biological functions and avoiding toxic side effects. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Working with sulfide is challenging, because it requires considerable amounts of chemical knowledge to adequately handle reagent sulfide solutions and interpret biological observations. Therefore, we propose that a rigorous chemical approach could aid the reconciliation of the increasing number of controversies in sulfide biology. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Current methods to study reactive oxygen species - pros and cons and biophysics of membrane proteins. Guest Editor: Christine Winterbourn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Nagy
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Toxicology, National Institute of Oncology, Ráth György utca 7-9, Budapest 1122, Hungary.
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18
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Bura-Nakić E, Viollier E, Ciglenečki I. Electrochemical and colorimetric measurements show the dominant role of FeS in a permanently anoxic lake. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:741-749. [PMID: 23240551 DOI: 10.1021/es303603j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Recent publications have shown that the anodic reaction between FeS and Hg can be used for electrochemical detection of colloidal and particulate FeS in natural waters. Anodic waves that were recorded around -0.45 V (vs Ag/AgCl) in model solutions correspond to the electrochemical transformation of nanoparticulate FeS to HgS. Here, as a further step, the proposed approach is tested on anoxic, sulfidic, and iron-rich samples of a meromictic freshwater lake (Lake Pavin, France). Based on new and more comprehensive work on FeS electrochemistry in model and anoxic Lake Pavin samples, a new interpretation is given for previously recorded voltammetric signals in sulfide and iron rich environment, usually designated FeS(aq), and its role in controlling solubility of different FeS phases. A comparison of the depth profiles of S(-II) measured by voltammetry and the methylene blue method showed that the majority of S(-II) is in the form of FeS. In the monimolimnion layer, thermodynamic calculations based on total Fe(II) and S(-II) concentration, measured by ferrozine and the methylene blue method, predict precipitation of FeS with log K(s) values between -3.6 and -3.8, very close to mackinawite's K(s) value. In the upper part of the same layer, precipitation of greigite is predicted. It is shown that modification of a Hg electrode by surface-formed FeS has a significant influence on voltammetric Fe(II) determination, since reduction of Fe(II) under such conditions occurs both on bare (-1.4 V) and on FeS modified Hg surfaces (-1.1 V); Fe(II) may be underdetermined when only the -1.4 V peak is measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Bura-Nakić
- Center for Marine and Environmental Research, Rudjer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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19
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Kaasalainen H, Stefánsson A. Chemical analysis of sulfur species in geothermal waters. Talanta 2011; 85:1897-903. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2011] [Revised: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 07/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Zeng T, Ziegelgruber KL, Chin YP, Arnold WA. Pesticide processing potential in prairie pothole porewaters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2011; 45:6814-6822. [PMID: 21751789 DOI: 10.1021/es200812e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Prairie pothole lakes (PPLs) are located within the extensively farmed Great Plains region of North America, and many are negatively impacted by nonpoint source pesticide pollution. To date, the environmental fate of pesticides in these lakes remains largely unknown. In this study, two PPLs in the Cottonwood Lake area of North Dakota were sampled, and transformations of four chloroacetanilide pesticides in sediment porewaters were examined. The reduced sulfur species in the porewaters, such as bisulfide (HS(-)) and polysulfides (S(n)(2-)), readily transformed the target pesticides into sulfur-substituted products. Although HS(-) and S(n)(2-) played a dominant role, other reactive constituents in PPL porewaters also contributed to the transformation. Results from this study revealed that abiotic reactions with reduced sulfur species could represent an important removal pathway for pesticides entering PPLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Zeng
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minnesota, 500 Pillsbury Drive Southeast, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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21
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Toda K, Kuwahara H, Ohira SI. On-site measurement of trace-level sulfide in natural waters by vapor generation and microchannel collection. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2011; 45:5622-5628. [PMID: 21671649 DOI: 10.1021/es2006226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous sulfide plays an important role in the environment even at low concentrations. However, it is unstable, which means field samples cannot be transported to the laboratory for analysis without fixation. In this work, a novel method was developed to determine trace levels of sulfide on site. This method is based on vapor generation and collection in a special microchannel device followed by fluorescence measurement (VG-μGAS). The microchannel scrubber gave a high enrichment factor, and a high sensitivity was achieved, which allowed measurement of nanomolar (nM) levels of sulfide. The theoretical approach to vapor generation for several compounds is discussed to evaluate the applicability of the method to these analytes, and compounds having a low Henry's law constant (<1 M atm(-1)) are suitable to measure by VG-μGAS. Under optimized conditions, concentrations of 1.0-100 nM of sulfide could be measured. The sulfide contents of hot spring, aquarium, pond, and seawater were successfully measured by this method. Nanomolar levels of sulfide could be measured on site without loss of analyte, and results were obtained instantly in the field, both of which are advantageous for effective field surveys. The method was also applied to field measurements of aqueous sulfide in the Ariake Sea and Lake Baikal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Toda
- Department of Chemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
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22
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Titova T, Borisova N, Zakharchuk N. Determination of sub-micromolar amounts of sulfide by standard free anodic stripping voltammetry and anodic stripping voltammetric titration. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 653:154-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2009] [Revised: 08/24/2009] [Accepted: 09/02/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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23
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Small JM, Hintelmann H. Methylene blue derivatization then LC-MS analysis for measurement of trace levels of sulfide in aquatic samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 387:2881-6. [PMID: 17323053 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1140-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2006] [Revised: 01/11/2007] [Accepted: 01/19/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The methylene blue method has been widely used for analysis of sulfide for more than 100 years. Direct measurement of methylene blue at nanomolar concentrations is impossible without a preconcentration step, however. In this study the response of LC-MS with electrospray ionization (ESI) to methylene blue was evaluated. HPLC with simple isocratic elution was followed by ESI-MS quantification, which was compared with traditional UV-visible detection. The limit of detection for sulfide was approximately 50 ng L(-1), or 1.5 nmol L(-1). Analysis time was substantially reduced by use of isocratic elution. Interfering compounds produced by side reactions can be eliminated by use of the mass filter. A polysulfide sample was also analyzed to determine which products are formed and whether or not polysulfides react stoichiometrically with methylene blue reagent. It seems that polysulfides do not react quantitatively with methylene blue and so cannot be quantified reliably by use of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M Small
- Canada Centre for Inland Waters (CCIW), Environment Canada, 867 Lakeshore Road, Burlington, ON, L7R 4A6, Canada
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24
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Hsu-Kim H, Sedlak DL. Similarities between inorganic sulfide and the strong Hg(II)-complexing ligands in municipal wastewater effluent. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2005; 39:4035-41. [PMID: 15984780 DOI: 10.1021/es050013i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Municipal wastewater effluent contains ligands that form Hg(II) complexes that are inert in the presence of glutathione (GSH) during competitive ligand exchange experiments. In this study, the strong ligands in wastewater effluent were further characterized by comparing their behavior with sulfide-containing ligands in model solutions and by measuring their concentration after exposing them to oxidants. The strong Hg(II) complexes in wastewater effluent and the complexes formed when Hg(II) was added to S(-II) were retained during C18 solid-phase extraction (SPE) and did not dissociate in the presence of up to 100 microM GSH. In contrast, Hg(II) complexes with dissolved humic acid were hydrophilic and dissociated in the presence of GSH. The combination of sulfide and humic acid resulted in formation of Hg(II) complexes that were inert to GSH and were only partially retained by C18-SPE, indicating that NOM interacted with the Hg-sulfide complexes. When wastewater effluent samples and model solutions of free sulfide, Zn-sulfide, and Fe-sulfide were exposed to 0.14 mM NaOCl for 1 h (to mimic conditions encountered during chlorine disinfection), the strong Hg(II)-complexing ligands were completely removed. Exposure of the wastewater effluent and the model ligands to oxygen for 2 weeks resulted in approximately 60% to 75% loss of strong ligands. The strong ligands that remained in the oxygen-oxidized samples were resistant to further oxidation by chlorine, indicating that oxidation of S(-II) results in the formation of other sulfur-containing ligands such as S8 that form strong complexes with Hg(II).
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Affiliation(s)
- Heileen Hsu-Kim
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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25
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26
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Hsu H, Sedlak DL. Strong hg(II) complexation in municipal wastewater effluent and surface waters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2003; 37:2743-2749. [PMID: 12854714 DOI: 10.1021/es026438b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The speciation of mercury(II) in the aquatic environment is greatly affected by the presence of ligands capable of forming extremely strong complexes with Hg(II). In this study, a novel competitive ligand exchange (CLE) technique was used to characterize Hg(II)-complexing ligands in samples collected from three municipal wastewater treatment plants, a eutrophic lake, a creek located downstream of an abandoned mercury mine, and a model water containing dissolved Suwannee River humic acid. These samples contained 3.3-15.9 mg/L dissolved organic carbon and were amended with 1.0-1.7 nM Hg(II) for CLE analysis. Results indicated that all samples contained labile Hg(II)-complexing ligands with conditional stability constants similar to those of reduced sulfur-containing ligands. Two wastewater effluent samples also contained approximately 0.5 nM of ligands that formed extremely strong Hg(II) complexes that did not dissociate in the presence of competing ligands. The conditional stability constant of these extremely strong or nonlabile complexes (i.e., (c)K(HgL)) were estimated to be greater than 10(30), for the reaction Hg(2+) + L' = HgL. The third wastewater sample and the eutrophic lake sample contained lower concentrations, 0.07-0.09 nM, of nonlabile Hg(II)-complexing ligands. The results suggested that these extremely strong Hg(ll)-complexing ligands should account for most of the dissolved Hg(II) species in municipal wastewater effluent and may dominate Hg(II) speciation in effluent-receiving waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heileen Hsu
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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28
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Bianchini A, Bowles KC. Metal sulfides in oxygenated aquatic systems: implications for the biotic ligand model. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2002; 133:51-64. [PMID: 12356516 DOI: 10.1016/s1532-0456(02)00073-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The Biotic Ligand Model (BLM) attempts to predict metal toxicity to aquatic organisms on the basis of metal speciation and effects at the cell surface. Current versions of the BLM for silver and copper consider metal binding by inorganic ligands, dissolved organic matter (DOM) and also competition at the cell surface from calcium and protons (pH). Recent studies reported in the geochemical and ecotoxicological literature have indicated the importance of sulfide as a ligand, even in fully oxygenated aquatic systems. Speciation calculations for oxygenated waters do not currently include reduced sulfur as a ligand and as a consequence, no version of the BLM model has been published including reduced sulfur. This reflects the limitations on our knowledge regarding reduced sulfur in aquatic systems. In this paper we highlight the need to include reduced sulfur in the Biotic Ligand Model, with the interaction between silver and inorganic metal sulfides as a specific example. The geochemical importance of metal sulfides as ligands for silver and the effect of 'dissolved' metal sulfide and other ligands on metal toxicity and accumulation are described and reviewed. Recommendations are made for future work needed to incorporate sulfide ligands into the BLM's modeling framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adalto Bianchini
- Fundação Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Rua Eng. Alfredo Huch, 475, Rio Grande, RS, 96.201-900, Brazil
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29
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Mylon SE, Hu H, Benoit G. Unsuitability of Cr(II) reduction for the measurement of sulfides in oxic water samples. Anal Chem 2002; 74:661-3. [PMID: 11838691 DOI: 10.1021/ac010924k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
After developing a highly sensitive method for detecting acid-volatile sulfides (AVS) in oxic freshwaters, we hoped to apply that method to measuring a different class of dissolved reduced sulfur compounds, chromium-labile sulfides (CLS). A popular method for measuring this pool of sulfides in sediments relies on reduction dissolution of metal sulfides by Cr(II) and has been employed by researchers for over 15 years. Here, we demonstrate that this method is inappropriate for measuring CLS in oxic freshwaters in which sulfate concentrations are large relative to the dissolved metal sulfides. We observe the reduction of sulfate by Cr(II), and this presents a significant interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven E Mylon
- Yale School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA.
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